Unit 1 单元综合测试习题检测-【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 1 单元综合测试习题检测 1、 阅读理解 A （2024·山西省部分名校） Insider Flight Tips for Your Journey Anyone can book a trip, but not everyone can plan an ultimate adventure that is affordable, accommodating and fun. At www. tripinsiders. org, we aim to provide you with the best insider secrets in the travel business. And on this website, we also offer a state-of-the-art travel comparison tool to make planning easier than ever. Here are some insider tips that we'd like to share with you about flights. Look for Glitch (小故障) Fares Online booking systems for airfare don’t come without a pricing mistake every once in a while. Follow deal-minded travel sites and blogs to learn about pricing mistakes that work in your favor. This is the most useful if you live near a major airport and have a flexible schedule. Consider Alternate Airports Some major cities have more than one airport, so make sure to check them all for the cheapest fares. For example, if you’re planning to visit the Bay Area of California, check for rates in both San Francisco International Airport and Oakland International Airport. Cross the Border by Land Domestic flights are often cheaper than international ones, so if you live near a border and want to fly to a neighboring country, you can save by crossing the border by land and then catching a domestic flight. For example, Toronto residents may save by crossing the American border into Buffalo and then flying to another American city. Use a Digital Luggage Scale There’s nothing more frustrating than learning that your bag is too heavy to fly or that it’ll cost you extra when you arrive at the airport. Digital luggage scales are great for making sure that you’re not going over the baggage limit with your new souvenirs. 1. What is the main purpose of www.tripinsiders.org ? A. To recommend travel websites. B. To fund the travel business. C. To advertise a travel agency. D. To uncover travel business secrets. 2. What is advised for air travel? A. Selecting airports. B. Flying the border. C. Carrying more baggage. D. Having a fixed schedule. 3. What do the four tips have in common? A. They cover all aspects of a trip. B. They help travelers save money. C. They merely apply to businessmen. D. They are only for Toronto residents. B （2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）Are your keys not in the spot you thought you left them? Can’t recall the title of a book? I’ve had those moments. Such instances of “brain freeze” remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp. A new study finds Tai Chi study can help slow cognitive (认知的) decline and protect against dementia (痴呆). The study included about 300 older adults, in their mid-70s on average, who had all reported that their memory was not as good as it used to be. As part of the study, all the participants took a 10-mirrute test called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. A normal score is 26-30. A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment (损害), which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities. Once their score drops under 18, people experience quite a bit of impairment from memory loss and cognitive decline. The average score of participant s at the start of the study was 25. The study found that people who practiced a simplified form of Tai Chi twice a week for about six months improved their score by 1.5 points, meaning that they’re going to get three extra years before they hit that decline into dementia. Researchers also tested a more stricter type of Tai Chi, called Cognitively Enhanced Tai Chi, where they provided extra challenges. For example, participants were asked to spell a word, backward and forward, as they moved through a series of Tai Chi moves. The people who practice this type of cognitively enhanced Tai Chi improved their scores by about 3 points, meaning they are given six extra years of cognitive function. The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements, known as forms, almost like composing dancing moves. 4. Why are two questions raised in the first paragraph? A. To present the author’s doubts. B. To expect answers from readers. C. To analyze the causes of forgetfulness. D. To introduce the main topic of the text. 5. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A Cognitive assessment methods. B. The process of running the test. C. Cognitive measurement criteria. D. The test results of the participants. 6. What does the pre-best average score of the participants imply? A. Most of them suffer from, dementia. B. They remain as quick-minded as before. C. Many of them have slight cognitive decline. D. They can protect themselves against dementia. 7. Why does Tai Chi have a positive impact? A. It helps resolve challenges. B. It involves mind-body movements. C. It puts off cognitive decline by three years. D. It improves the participants academic level. C （2024·江苏省南通市名校联盟）On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil’s Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface. Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts. This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world’s highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7. Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy. While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns. Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello, as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir (储备) of steam and water is trapped between Earth’s inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy. But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says. 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The landscape in the countryside. B. The introduction to a geothermal plant. C. The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany. D. The process of turning underground steam into heat. 9. Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy? A. People near new plants object to it. B. Geothermal plants cut down their production. C. There is very little underground water and steam. D. People use less electricity by turning down heaters. 10. What is Della Vedova’s attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy? A. Unfavorable. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Where does geothermal energy lead Italy? B. Is the heat from Earth’s core really limitless? C. Can energy from underground help power Italy? D. How can geothermal energy be used scientifically? D （2024·内蒙古名校联盟）Italian diver and gardener Sergio Gamberini decided to see if he could grow vegetables in a plastic balloon underwater. The experiment was a success—so he decided to dive deeper into the world of underwater agriculture. Today, Gamberini is the founder of a company using “biospheres” off the coast of Italy to grow a variety of plants, introducing the world to a new type of agriculture. The company’s six “biospheres” are air-filled plastic balloons about two meters wide. Each is fixed to the seabed by chains so that it sits between 15and 36 feet below sea level. The biospheres are equipped with cameras and sensors that allow researchers in the company to monitor CO2 levels, humidity, temperature, and more from a control tower on the shoreline. There’s also a device to communicate with divers in the biospheres. Solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof of the control tower power the fans that create airflow inside the biospheres, and because the temperature inside and outside the biospheres is consistent, there’s no need to expend energy on the heating or cooling systems needed for traditional greenhouses. The underwater garden doesn’t require pesticides (杀虫剂) since bugs can’t reach the plants, and though more research is needed, the company notes on its website that the higher-pressure conditions underwater appear to help plants grow more quickly. The company is now ready to shift from the research phase of development to optimizing (优化) its biospheres for industrialization, with the goal of expanding them off coastlines around the world. To achieve the aim, the startup is now taking advantage of “digital twin” technology to precisely simulate (模仿) every aspect of its underwater garden. Even with all the optimization potential offered by technology, Gamberini admits it’s hard to imagine the produce grown in his startup’s biospheres ever competing financially with traditionally grown crops. Still, he hopes the system’s sustainability will be enough to draw customers. 12. What does Gamberini’s company use “biospheres” mainly for? A. Doing scientific research on marine life. B. Creating a habitat for underwater animals. C. Monitoring climate change effects on coastal regions. D. Growing different types of plants through underwater agriculture. 13. How is the temperature maintained inside the biospheres? A. By temperature regulation by divers. B. By advanced heating and cooling systems. C. By solar panels on the roof of the control tower. D. By natural climate conditions of underwater environment. 14. What can we infer about Gamberini’s company? A. It has little negative influence on the environment. B. It negatively affects ocean biodiversity. C. It leads to much use of pesticides. D. It contributes to climate change. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Grow Plants Under the Sea B. The Creative World of Keeping Animals C. Explore the Depths of Underwater Farming D. The Challenge of Growing Greens Underwater 二、七选五 （2024·山东高中名校） My first memory of academic anxiety was when I was in second grade. I had nightmares about forgetting to do worksheets. ____16____ It’s not surprising that it found its way to me — in many ways, my younger experiences with academic anxiety mirror my mother’s. The way I experience the world around me has been shaped by anxiety for as far back as my memory could take me. In high school, test anxiety ruled my world. Small quizzes would have me ready to throw up; big exams made me extremely tired. ____17____ But I’d have to learn to deal with it. When the pandemic (流行病) forced school to move online, school became more flexible and it was a lot less serious. Assignments and tests were structured differently and things began to gently shift for me. ____18____ Being able to take assessments from my own room, completely alone, also helped calm my nerves. And my teachers provided me with comfort I needed. We should not wait for help. ____19____ Recently, a midterm didn’t trigger panic. No extreme exhaustion or uneasiness, just healthy nervousness. The night before the test, I watched TV, just thinking mostly about what I was going to order at Starbucks when I finished. ____20____ Achieving this mental state required significant time and energy. If anxiety is sure to come, I’ll continue getting rid of it. A. I couldn’t imagine another way. B. This anxiousness comes from my family. C. These thoughts would awake me at night. D. Open-note tests helped me relieve my anxiety. E. Although anxiety is still here, it’s not my “normal”. F. It was a struggling way to pull myself through exams. G. Instead, we should work on ourselves, and change for better ourselves. 三、完形填空 （2024·三湘名校教育联盟）My dad screamed, “Walk the dog. son!” So I also___21___, “Emily! Come on girl, time to ___22___!”As she bounded (跳跃) towards me, I smiled slightly at the way she ___23___since her legs were too small to keep balance, I ___24___ down to greet her, giving her head a gentle kiss before we went out. I walked down the block, Emily bounding quickly ahead of me, ___25___to reach the park. We arrived at the end of the street, stopping just across from the ___26___and waiting for the light to change, Emily bounding in ___27___. I took a deep breath, but it seemed those several seconds were too long for the happy puppy at my feet. Emily suddenly got free from my___28___and dashed towards the pavement. I moved to run after her, but a car was shooting fast in front of me. By the time it had left my ___29___, so had Emily. I crossed the street after her, calling, “Emily! Emily! Come here, girl!” but she____30____. I could feel the ____31____enveloping me as I found her gone. But when I came back home, I was____32____out. I walked to the front door to ring the doorbell but no one answered. I sat down on the front steps, tears in my eyes and I____33____in the cold, pulling my coat tighter.____34____, I was unsure of what to do next when suddenly I realized the meaning of ____35____since I felt lonely without the company of my dog. 21. A. shouted B. complained C. protested D. announced 22. A. come inside B. go outside C. check in D. look out 23. A. barked B. bit C. walked D. rolled 24. A. bent B. jumped C. ran D. walked 25. A. prepared B. scared C. eager D. anxious 26. A. park B. house C. block D. apartment 27. A. excitement B. shock C. shame D. shape 28. A. aid B. control C. guidance D. instruction 29. A. neighborhood B. county . C. vision D. cage 30. A. circled B. performed C. disappeared D. discontented 31. A. delight B. fear C. satisfaction D. amazement 32. A. stressed B. locked C. helped D. knocked 33. A. screamed B. marched C. searched D. shook 34. A. Typically B. Immediately ; C. Fortunately : D. Definitely 35. A. forgiving B. curing C. living D. losing 4、 语法填空 （2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读下而短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 17 year old inventor from the US, Robert Sansone, could be ____36____ pioneer of a new way to power electric vehicles (EVs). He recently won an innovator award at a big science fair for his design of a synchronous reluctance motor (同步磁阻电动机). Sansone has always been in love with inventing. Despite the fact that he is still a high school student, he ____37____ (make) various inventions including electronic hands and high speed running shoes in recent years. When Sansone saw a video illustrating the rare metals ____38____ (require) produce EV motors, he set out to find a more environmental and economical approach. At present, most of the motors used in EVs need rare metals, ____39____ are not only expensive in price, but also cause great damage ____40____ the environment during the mining (开采) process Sansone turned to a synchronous reluctance motor design that doesn’t use rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, ____41____ it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an EV. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could to improve its ____42____ (perform) ____43____ (win) the prize doesn’t mean that his exploration has come to an end. Sansone is now testing the 16th generation of the motor. This time, he plans to use ___44___ (strong) materials to support higher rotational speed. If the test is successful this time, he intends to apply for a patent (专利) and seek cooperation with companies. He hopes that one day his engine can become the _____45_____ (choose) of EVs 五、应用文写作 46．（2024·河北省邢台市邢台市名校联盟）昨天你班与隔壁班进行了一场排球友谊赛。请你根据这次比赛写一篇英语报道，向英语校刊投稿，内容包括： 1.比赛情况介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Friendly Volleyball Match: A Bonding Experience Between Classes ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、读后续写 47．（2024·皖豫名校联盟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Before I turned ten, I had lost both my parents. I lived alone in a room that a relative had allowed me to use rent-free. And to support myself and my education, I had taken to delivering newspapers. I would get up every morning by 5am and walk five kilometre from Kachiguda, where I lived,to the newspaper office in Troop's Bazaar. By 6am, I would collect 50 copies of Manzil (Urdu Daily)—the bundle must have weighed over five kilograms. My beat spanned three kilometre,from Moazzam Jahi Market to Basheer Bagh. After distributing the copies, I would rush home—another three kilometre away, cook my measly breakfast, and be off to the Kachiguda High School. I was in Class Seven and even though I had weekly holidays, there was no break from this work. One wintry Friday morning in 1945, I got home after my deliveries, only to find a boy of my age at my doorstep. He introduced himself as Afzal and said his father wanted to see me. When I asked him why, Afzal said,"He will tell you." I assumed his father wished to subscribe to the newspaper, so I followed him to his home nearby. Afzal's mother, Naseem Bano, opened the door. She asked me to sit, patted my back and went inside. She reappeared carrying a large tray full of tea and snacks. Then came Mr Kader, Afzal's father, telling me Afzal was their only son and a student in my school. Naseem pulled up her chair next to mine and gently asked,"Tell me about your routine, right from the time you wake up in the morning."I wasn't quite sure why she wanted to know that, but I told her about my morning job in a few words. Later, as I was about to leave after thanking them, Mr Kader asked me to wait and stepped inside the house. Meanwhile, Naseem asked me,"How many miles do you walk every day?" I replied,"A little more than 11 km." My reply shocked her. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At the same time, I saw Mr Kader emerge again, wheeling a new bicycle._____________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr Kader began to explain why he gave me the bicycle. ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 单元综合测试习题检测 1、 阅读理解 A （2024·山西省部分名校） Insider Flight Tips for Your Journey Anyone can book a trip, but not everyone can plan an ultimate adventure that is affordable, accommodating and fun. At www. tripinsiders. org, we aim to provide you with the best insider secrets in the travel business. And on this website, we also offer a state-of-the-art travel comparison tool to make planning easier than ever. Here are some insider tips that we'd like to share with you about flights. Look for Glitch (小故障) Fares Online booking systems for airfare don’t come without a pricing mistake every once in a while. Follow deal-minded travel sites and blogs to learn about pricing mistakes that work in your favor. This is the most useful if you live near a major airport and have a flexible schedule. Consider Alternate Airports Some major cities have more than one airport, so make sure to check them all for the cheapest fares. For example, if you’re planning to visit the Bay Area of California, check for rates in both San Francisco International Airport and Oakland International Airport. Cross the Border by Land Domestic flights are often cheaper than international ones, so if you live near a border and want to fly to a neighboring country, you can save by crossing the border by land and then catching a domestic flight. For example, Toronto residents may save by crossing the American border into Buffalo and then flying to another American city. Use a Digital Luggage Scale There’s nothing more frustrating than learning that your bag is too heavy to fly or that it’ll cost you extra when you arrive at the airport. Digital luggage scales are great for making sure that you’re not going over the baggage limit with your new souvenirs. 1. What is the main purpose of www.tripinsiders.org ? A. To recommend travel websites. B. To fund the travel business. C. To advertise a travel agency. D. To uncover travel business secrets. 2. What is advised for air travel? A. Selecting airports. B. Flying the border. C. Carrying more baggage. D. Having a fixed schedule. 3. What do the four tips have in common? A. They cover all aspects of a trip. B. They help travelers save money. C. They merely apply to businessmen. D. They are only for Toronto residents. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了四种能帮助旅行者省钱的小贴士。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At www. tripinsiders. org, we aim to provide you with the best insider secrets in the travel business.(在www. tripinsiders. org网站，我们的目标是为您提供在旅游业务上最好的内幕秘密)”可知，该网站的目的是为了揭开旅游商业的秘密。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Consider Alternate Airports中关键句“Some major cities have more than one airport, so make sure to check them all for the cheapest fares.(一些大城市有不止一个机场，所以一定要检查所有机场，以获得最便宜的机票)”可知，作者建议在航空旅游中筛选最便宜的机场来省钱。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Look for Glitch (小故障) Fares中关键句“Follow deal-minded travel sites and blogs to learn about pricing mistakes that work in your favor.(关注注重交易的旅游网站和博客，了解对你有利的定价错误)”；Consider Alternate Airports中关键句“Some major cities have more than one airport, so make sure to check them all for the cheapest fares.(一些大城市有不止一个机场，所以一定要检查所有机场，以获得最便宜的机票)”；Cross the Border by Land中关键句“Domestic flights are often cheaper than international ones, so if you live near a border and want to fly to a neighboring country, you can save by crossing the border by land and then catching a domestic flight.(国内航班通常比国际航班便宜，所以如果你住在边境附近，想飞往邻国，你可以通过陆路过境，然后乘坐国内航班)”及Use a Digital Luggage Scale中关键句“There’s nothing more frustrating than learning that your bag is too heavy to fly or that it’ll cost you extra when you arrive at the airport. Digital luggage scales are great for making sure that you’re not going over the baggage limit with your new souvenirs.(没有什么比得知你的行李太重而不能飞行或者当你到达机场时需要额外支付费用更令人沮丧的了。电子行李秤可以很好地确保你携带的新纪念品不会超过行李限额)”可推知，四个贴士都与节约费用有关，都能帮助旅行者省钱。故选B。 B （2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）Are your keys not in the spot you thought you left them? Can’t recall the title of a book? I’ve had those moments. Such instances of “brain freeze” remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp. A new study finds Tai Chi study can help slow cognitive (认知的) decline and protect against dementia (痴呆). The study included about 300 older adults, in their mid-70s on average, who had all reported that their memory was not as good as it used to be. As part of the study, all the participants took a 10-mirrute test called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. A normal score is 26-30. A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment (损害), which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities. Once their score drops under 18, people experience quite a bit of impairment from memory loss and cognitive decline. The average score of participant s at the start of the study was 25. The study found that people who practiced a simplified form of Tai Chi twice a week for about six months improved their score by 1.5 points, meaning that they’re going to get three extra years before they hit that decline into dementia. Researchers also tested a more stricter type of Tai Chi, called Cognitively Enhanced Tai Chi, where they provided extra challenges. For example, participants were asked to spell a word, backward and forward, as they moved through a series of Tai Chi moves. The people who practice this type of cognitively enhanced Tai Chi improved their scores by about 3 points, meaning they are given six extra years of cognitive function. The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements, known as forms, almost like composing dancing moves. 4. Why are two questions raised in the first paragraph? A. To present the author’s doubts. B. To expect answers from readers. C. To analyze the causes of forgetfulness. D. To introduce the main topic of the text. 5. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A Cognitive assessment methods. B. The process of running the test. C. Cognitive measurement criteria. D. The test results of the participants. 6. What does the pre-best average score of the participants imply? A. Most of them suffer from, dementia. B. They remain as quick-minded as before. C. Many of them have slight cognitive decline. D. They can protect themselves against dementia. 7. Why does Tai Chi have a positive impact? A. It helps resolve challenges. B. It involves mind-body movements. C. It puts off cognitive decline by three years. D. It improves the participants academic level. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Such instances of “brain freeze” remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp.(这些“大脑冻结”的例子提醒我们，我们应该尽我们所能保持我们的大脑敏锐)”和第二段的“A new study finds Tai Chi can help slow cognitive (认知的) decline and protect against dementia (痴呆).(一项新研究发现太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆)”可推知，文章开头的两个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆”这个主题。故选D项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“As part of the study, all the participants took a 10-mirrute test called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. A normal score is 26-30. A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment (损害), which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities, Once their score drops under 18, people experience quite a bit of impairment from memory loss and cognitive decline.(作为研究的一部分，所有参与者都参加了一个名为蒙特利尔认知评估的10分钟测试。正常的分数是26-30。得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏锐，可能需要更加努力地来维持日常活动，一旦他们的得分降至18分以下，人们经历相当多的记忆丧失和认知能力下降的损害)”可知，本段主要内容是认知测量标准。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The average score of participants at the start of the study was 25.(研究开始时，参与者的平均得分是25分)”以及第三段“A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment (损害), which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities.(得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏捷，可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动)”可知，他们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements, known as forms, almost like composing dancing moves.(为什么太极拳有效的理论是，它结合了动作的记忆，几乎像编排舞蹈动作)”可知，太极之所以起到积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选B项。 C （2024·江苏省南通市名校联盟）On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil’s Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface. Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts. This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world’s highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7. Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy. While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns. Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello, as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir (储备) of steam and water is trapped between Earth’s inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy. But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says. 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The landscape in the countryside. B. The introduction to a geothermal plant. C. The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany. D. The process of turning underground steam into heat. 9. Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy? A. People near new plants object to it. B. Geothermal plants cut down their production. C. There is very little underground water and steam. D. People use less electricity by turning down heaters. 10. What is Della Vedova’s attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy? A. Unfavorable. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Where does geothermal energy lead Italy? B. Is the heat from Earth’s core really limitless? C. Can energy from underground help power Italy? D. How can geothermal energy be used scientifically? 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利拉德雷洛地区丰富的地热资源，如何被利用来为当地居民提供能源，并探讨了地热资源可持续利用的重要性。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts.(与托斯卡纳其他地区连绵起伏的丘陵和柏树林立的道路不同，这里的风景被几十座灰色的冷却塔覆盖，散发着白色的蒸汽。山谷塞科洛地热发电厂震耳欲聋的涡轮机的轰鸣声打破了宁静，但它猛烈的旋转将地下升起的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。托斯卡纳约30%的电力来自这种能源。在发电后，剩余的蒸汽为附近的地区加热水。)”可知，第二段主要描述了在托斯卡纳地区地热能的应用。它提到了瓦莱塞科洛地热发电厂，该发电厂将地下冒出的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。它还提到，托斯卡纳大约30%的电力来自这种能源。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns.(冰岛和肯尼亚等国正在利用本国的地热资源，而意大利的地热产业发展却进展缓慢。高昂的安装成本和困难的开采构成了重大障碍。此外，新工厂经常因为健康问题遭到附近社区的反对。)”可知，意大利地热产业发展缓慢是因为高昂的设立成本和提取困难，也是因为新建工厂经常因为健康担忧而遭到附近社区的反对。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says.(但是，虽然地核的热量实际上是无穷无尽的，但它在地球上加热的水却不是。因此，Della Vedova表示，恢复地下水供应并可持续地利用它们对未来至关重要。“我们不能随意利用地热资源”，他说。)”可知，Della Vedova对地热能源前景抱有谨慎的态度。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy.( Bruno Della Vedova是意大利地热联盟的主席，他希望将来意大利的其他地区也能从这种资源中受益。当全世界都在向可再生能源过渡时，这种资源是极其重要的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了意大利托斯卡纳地区的地热能源如何被用来为当地居民提供电力和供暖，并强调了这种能源在能源供应中的重要性。同时，文章也提到了地热能源的前景和挑战，以及意大利地热联盟主席Bruno Della Vedova对地热能源的看法和态度。选项C“Can energy from underground help power Italy?(来自地下的能源能帮助为意大利供电吗？)”准确地概括了文章的主要内容。故选C。 D （2024·内蒙古名校联盟）Italian diver and gardener Sergio Gamberini decided to see if he could grow vegetables in a plastic balloon underwater. The experiment was a success—so he decided to dive deeper into the world of underwater agriculture. Today, Gamberini is the founder of a company using “biospheres” off the coast of Italy to grow a variety of plants, introducing the world to a new type of agriculture. The company’s six “biospheres” are air-filled plastic balloons about two meters wide. Each is fixed to the seabed by chains so that it sits between 15and 36 feet below sea level. The biospheres are equipped with cameras and sensors that allow researchers in the company to monitor CO2 levels, humidity, temperature, and more from a control tower on the shoreline. There’s also a device to communicate with divers in the biospheres. Solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof of the control tower power the fans that create airflow inside the biospheres, and because the temperature inside and outside the biospheres is consistent, there’s no need to expend energy on the heating or cooling systems needed for traditional greenhouses. The underwater garden doesn’t require pesticides (杀虫剂) since bugs can’t reach the plants, and though more research is needed, the company notes on its website that the higher-pressure conditions underwater appear to help plants grow more quickly. The company is now ready to shift from the research phase of development to optimizing (优化) its biospheres for industrialization, with the goal of expanding them off coastlines around the world. To achieve the aim, the startup is now taking advantage of “digital twin” technology to precisely simulate (模仿) every aspect of its underwater garden. Even with all the optimization potential offered by technology, Gamberini admits it’s hard to imagine the produce grown in his startup’s biospheres ever competing financially with traditionally grown crops. Still, he hopes the system’s sustainability will be enough to draw customers. 12. What does Gamberini’s company use “biospheres” mainly for? A. Doing scientific research on marine life. B. Creating a habitat for underwater animals. C. Monitoring climate change effects on coastal regions. D. Growing different types of plants through underwater agriculture. 13. How is the temperature maintained inside the biospheres? A. By temperature regulation by divers. B. By advanced heating and cooling systems. C. By solar panels on the roof of the control tower. D. By natural climate conditions of underwater environment. 14. What can we infer about Gamberini’s company? A. It has little negative influence on the environment. B. It negatively affects ocean biodiversity. C. It leads to much use of pesticides. D. It contributes to climate change. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Grow Plants Under the Sea B. The Creative World of Keeping Animals C. Explore the Depths of Underwater Farming D. The Challenge of Growing Greens Underwater 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一家公司的创始人利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”种植各种植物，向世界介绍一种新型农业,并介绍了这种农业所采取的技术以及优势。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Today, Gamberini is the founder of a company using “biospheres” off the coast of Italy to grow a variety of plants, introducing the world to a new type of agriculture.(如今，甘贝里尼是一家公司的创始人，利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”种植各种植物，向世界介绍一种新型农业。)”可知，甘贝里尼的公司使用“生物圈”主要是为了通过水下农业种植不同种类的植物。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Solar panels (太阳能电池板) on the roof of the control tower power the fans that create airflow inside the biospheres, and because the temperature inside and outside the biospheres is consistent, there’s no need to expend energy on the heating or cooling systems needed for traditional greenhouses.(控制塔屋顶上的太阳能电池板为在生物圈内产生气流的风扇提供动力，而且由于生物圈内外的温度是一致的，因此不需要在传统温室所需的加热或冷却系统上花费能源。)”可知，生物圈内通过控制塔屋顶的太阳能电池板来维持温度。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The underwater garden doesn’t require pesticides (杀虫剂) since bugs can’t reach the plants, and though more research is needed, the company notes on its website that the higher-pressure conditions underwater appear to help plants grow more quickly.(水下花园不需要杀虫剂，因为虫子无法接近植物，尽管还需要更多的研究，但该公司在其网站上指出，水下的高压环境似乎有助于植物生长得更快。)”以及最后一段“Still, he hopes the system’s sustainability will be enough to draw customers.(不过，他希望该系统的可持续性足以吸引顾客。)”可推知，甘贝里尼的公司具有可持续性，对气候变化有帮助。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Italian diver and gardener Sergio Gamberini decided to see if he could grow vegetables in a plastic balloon underwater. The experiment was a success—so he decided to dive deeper into the world of underwater agriculture.(意大利潜水员兼园丁塞尔吉奥·甘贝里尼决定试试能否在水下的塑料气球里种蔬菜。实验取得了成功，于是他决定更深入地研究水下农业。)”结合文章内容，主要说明了一家公司的创始人利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”种植各种植物，向世界介绍一种新型农业，并介绍了这种农业所采取的技术以及优势可知，C选项“探索水下养殖的深度”最符合文章标题。故选C。 二、七选五 （2024·山东高中名校） My first memory of academic anxiety was when I was in second grade. I had nightmares about forgetting to do worksheets. ____16____ It’s not surprising that it found its way to me — in many ways, my younger experiences with academic anxiety mirror my mother’s. The way I experience the world around me has been shaped by anxiety for as far back as my memory could take me. In high school, test anxiety ruled my world. Small quizzes would have me ready to throw up; big exams made me extremely tired. ____17____ But I’d have to learn to deal with it. When the pandemic (流行病) forced school to move online, school became more flexible and it was a lot less serious. Assignments and tests were structured differently and things began to gently shift for me. ____18____ Being able to take assessments from my own room, completely alone, also helped calm my nerves. And my teachers provided me with comfort I needed. We should not wait for help. ____19____ Recently, a midterm didn’t trigger panic. No extreme exhaustion or uneasiness, just healthy nervousness. The night before the test, I watched TV, just thinking mostly about what I was going to order at Starbucks when I finished. ____20____ Achieving this mental state required significant time and energy. If anxiety is sure to come, I’ll continue getting rid of it. A. I couldn’t imagine another way. B. This anxiousness comes from my family. C. These thoughts would awake me at night. D. Open-note tests helped me relieve my anxiety. E. Although anxiety is still here, it’s not my “normal”. F. It was a struggling way to pull myself through exams. G. Instead, we should work on ourselves, and change for better ourselves. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. E 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议。这篇文章主要讲述了作者从小就有学业焦虑的经历，但随着时间的推移和疫情的爆发，作者逐渐学会处理焦虑的方法，并最终在一次考试中取得了健康紧张的状态。作者强调了及早寻求帮助的重要性，并鼓励自己继续克服焦虑。 【16题详解】 根据前文“My first memory of academic anxiety was when I was in second grade. I had nightmares about forgetting to do worksheets.(我对学业焦虑的第一次记忆是在二年级的时候。我做过忘记做练习题的噩梦)”可知，此处强调的是作者对学业的焦虑。B选项“This anxiousness comes from my family.( 这种焦虑来自我的家庭)”中的this指代前文的academic anxiety，指出这种学业的焦虑是来自于作者的家庭，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据前文“ Small quizzes would have me ready to throw up; big exams made me extremely tired.( 小测验会让我想吐；大考使我非常累)”可知，考试成为作者艰难的经历。F选项“It was a struggling way to pull myself through exams.( 这是一段艰难的经历，我努力应对考试)”承接前文，指出作者要努力挣扎着应对考试，该选项符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文的“Being able to take assessments from my own room, completely alone, also helped calm my nerves. (能够在我的房间里独自参加考试也有助于我平静紧张情绪)”可知，此处提出了作者独自在房间中参加考试能够有助于自己平复紧张情绪，此处的also应与设空处构成并列关系，故设空处也应该强调哪些方式能够帮助作者平复紧张情绪。D选项“Open-note tests helped me relieve my anxiety.(开放式笔记测试帮助我缓解了焦虑)”与下文呼应，指出开放式笔记能够帮助作者缓解焦虑，符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前文“We should not wait for help. (我们不应该等待帮助)”可知，此处强调我们不应该被动的等待帮助。G选项“Instead, we should work on ourselves, and change for better ourselves.(相反，我们应该努力改进自己，为更好的自己而改变)”与前文构成转折关系，G选项指出面对焦虑情绪我们应该选择主动出击即努力改进自己，为更好的自己而改变，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Achieving this mental state required significant time and energy. If anxiety is sure to come, I’ll continue getting rid of it.(达到这种精神状态需要大量的时间和精力。如果焦虑肯定会来，我会继续摆脱它)”可知，此处强调作者正向面对焦虑，并且作者选择摆脱焦虑，虽然这种精神状态需要大量的时间和精力。设空处应该就这种状态进行说明。E选项“Although anxiety is still here, it’s not my “normal”.(尽管焦虑仍然存在，但这并不是我的“正常”状态)”可知，虽然焦虑存在，但是作者会采取各种方式不让焦虑成为作者的生活常态，虽然实现这一状态需要大量的时间和精力，但是作者会积极面对，不断地摆脱它。故选E。 三、完形填空 （2024·三湘名校教育联盟）My dad screamed, “Walk the dog. son!” So I also___21___, “Emily! Come on girl, time to ___22___!”As she bounded (跳跃) towards me, I smiled slightly at the way she ___23___since her legs were too small to keep balance, I ___24___ down to greet her, giving her head a gentle kiss before we went out. I walked down the block, Emily bounding quickly ahead of me, ___25___to reach the park. We arrived at the end of the street, stopping just across from the ___26___and waiting for the light to change, Emily bounding in ___27___. I took a deep breath, but it seemed those several seconds were too long for the happy puppy at my feet. Emily suddenly got free from my___28___and dashed towards the pavement. I moved to run after her, but a car was shooting fast in front of me. By the time it had left my ___29___, so had Emily. I crossed the street after her, calling, “Emily! Emily! Come here, girl!” but she____30____. I could feel the ____31____enveloping me as I found her gone. But when I came back home, I was____32____out. I walked to the front door to ring the doorbell but no one answered. I sat down on the front steps, tears in my eyes and I____33____in the cold, pulling my coat tighter.____34____, I was unsure of what to do next when suddenly I realized the meaning of ____35____since I felt lonely without the company of my dog. 21. A. shouted B. complained C. protested D. announced 22. A. come inside B. go outside C. check in D. look out 23. A. barked B. bit C. walked D. rolled 24. A. bent B. jumped C. ran D. walked 25. A. prepared B. scared C. eager D. anxious 26. A. park B. house C. block D. apartment 27. A. excitement B. shock C. shame D. shape 28. A. aid B. control C. guidance D. instruction 29. A. neighborhood B. county . C. vision D. cage 30. A. circled B. performed C. disappeared D. discontented 31. A. delight B. fear C. satisfaction D. amazement 32. A. stressed B. locked C. helped D. knocked 33. A. screamed B. marched C. searched D. shook 34. A. Typically B. Immediately ; C. Fortunately : D. Definitely 35. A. forgiving B. curing C. living D. losing 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者外出遛狗的时候，狗跑丢了，作者没能找到狗，回到家被锁在门外，感到孤独，不知所措。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我也喊：“艾米丽！来吧，宝贝，该出去溜溜了！”A. shouted叫喊；B. complained投诉；C. protested抗议；D. announced宣布。根据后文“Emily! Come on girl”可知，作者也在喊艾米丽。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我也喊：“艾米丽！来吧，宝贝，该出去溜溜了！”A. come inside进来；B. go outside出去；C. check in检查；D. look out小心。根据上文“Walk the dog, son!(去遛狗，孩子！)”可知，该出门遛狗了。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她向我跳过来时，我对她走路的方式微微一笑，因为她的腿太短了，无法保持平衡。A. barked犬吠；B. bit咬；C. walked走路；D. rolled滚动。根据后文“since her legs were too small to keep balance”指作者笑狗的走路方式。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：出门前，我弯下腰来迎接她，轻轻地吻了吻她的头。A. bent弯曲；B. jumped跳跃；C. ran奔跑；D. walked散步。根据后文“down to greet her, giving her head a gentle kiss”指作者弯腰亲吻狗狗的头。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走过街区，艾米丽在我前面飞快地跳着，急切地想去公园。A. prepared准备好的；B. scared害怕的；C. eager渴望的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“Emily bounding quickly ahead of me”可知，狗跑得很快，因为急切地想去公园。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们到了街的尽头，停在公园对面，等着红灯变亮，艾米丽兴奋得跳了起来。A. park公园；B. house房子；C. block街区；D. apartment公寓。呼应上文“to reach the park”指他们停在公园对面，等红灯。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们到了街的尽头，停在公园对面，等着红灯变亮，艾米丽兴奋得跳了起来。A. excitement激动；B. shock震惊；C. shame羞愧；D. shape形状。根据上文“Emily bounding in”可知，艾米丽兴奋得跳了起来。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽突然挣脱了我的控制，冲向人行道。A. aid帮助；B. control控制；C. guidance指导；D. instruction指示。根据后文“and dashed towards the pavement”可知，狗挣脱了控制，冲向人行道。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当它离开我的视线时，艾米丽也离开了。A. neighborhood邻居；B. county县；C. vision视线；D. cage笼子。根据上文“I moved to run after her, but a car was shooting fast in front of me.( 我起身去追她，但一辆汽车在我前面疾驰而过)”此处指上文提到的汽车离开作者的视线，狗也不见了。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟在她后面过马路，喊着：“艾米丽!艾米丽！过来，宝贝！”但是她消失了。A. circled围绕；B. performed表演；C. disappeared消失；D. discontented不满意。根据后文“without the company of my dog”可知，狗不见了，作者没有了狗的陪伴。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我发现她不见了的时候，我能感觉到一种恐惧包围着我。A. delight高兴；B. fear恐惧；C. satisfaction满足；D. amazement惊讶。根据后文“enveloping me as I found her gone”以及下文提到作者感到孤独，所以狗不见了，作者感到恐惧包围着自己。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我回到家，我被锁在门外了。A. stressed强调；B. locked锁上；C. helped帮助；D. knocked敲击。根据后文“I walked to the front door to ring the doorbell but no one answered.(我走到前门按门铃，但没人应声)”可知，作者被锁在了门外。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在前面的台阶上，眼里含着泪水，在寒冷中瑟瑟发抖，把外套拉得更紧。A. screamed尖叫；B. marched行进；C. searched搜索；D. shook摇晃、发抖。根据后文“in the cold, pulling my coat tighter”指作者在寒冷中被冻得瑟瑟发抖，把外套拉得更紧。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，当我突然意识到失去意味着什么时，我不确定下一步该做什么，因为没有狗的陪伴，我感到孤独。A. Typically典型地；B. Immediately立即；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Definitely肯定。根据后文“I was unsure of what to do next”可知，狗突然不见了，这种情况下，作者当然不知道该做什么了。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，当我突然意识到失去意味着什么时，我不确定下一步该做什么，因为没有狗的陪伴，我感到孤独。A. forgiving原谅；B. curing治愈；C. living活着；D. losing失去。根据后文“since I felt lonely without the company of my dog”可知，狗的走失让作者明白了失去对自己来说意味着什么。故选D。 4、 语法填空 （2024·龙西北高中名校联盟）阅读下而短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 17 year old inventor from the US, Robert Sansone, could be ____36____ pioneer of a new way to power electric vehicles (EVs). He recently won an innovator award at a big science fair for his design of a synchronous reluctance motor (同步磁阻电动机). Sansone has always been in love with inventing. Despite the fact that he is still a high school student, he ____37____ (make) various inventions including electronic hands and high speed running shoes in recent years. When Sansone saw a video illustrating the rare metals ____38____ (require) produce EV motors, he set out to find a more environmental and economical approach. At present, most of the motors used in EVs need rare metals, ____39____ are not only expensive in price, but also cause great damage ____40____ the environment during the mining (开采) process Sansone turned to a synchronous reluctance motor design that doesn’t use rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, ____41____ it isn’t powerful enough by itself to be used in an EV. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could to improve its ____42____ (perform) ____43____ (win) the prize doesn’t mean that his exploration has come to an end. Sansone is now testing the 16th generation of the motor. This time, he plans to use ___44___ (strong) materials to support higher rotational speed. If the test is successful this time, he intends to apply for a patent (专利) and seek cooperation with companies. He hopes that one day his engine can become the _____45_____ (choose) of EVs 【答案】36. the 37. has made 38. required 39. which 40. to 41. as 42. performance 43. Winning 44. stronger 45. choice 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了美国17岁发明家罗伯特·桑松。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：来自美国的17岁发明家罗伯特·桑松可能是为电动汽车提供动力的新方法的先驱。设空处修饰名词，特指为电动汽车提供动力的新方法的先驱，用定冠词the。 故填the。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管他还是一名高中生，但近年来他已经做出了各种发明，包括电子手和高速跑鞋。设空处为谓语，根据“in recent years”可知，本句为现在完成时。故填has made。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：当Sansone看到一段视频，说明了生产电动汽车发动机所需的稀有金属时，他开始寻找一种更环保、更经济的方法。分析句子可知，设空处为非谓语动词，the rare metals与require在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填required。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：目前，电动汽车使用的电机大多需要稀有金属，不仅价格昂贵，而且在开采过程中对环境造成很大破坏。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为rare metals，关系词作非限制性定语从句的主语，应为关系代词which。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：目前，电动汽车使用的电机大多需要稀有金属，不仅价格昂贵，而且在开采过程中对环境造成很大破坏。cause damage to“对……造成损伤”，符合句意。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：这种电机目前用于泵和风扇，因为它本身不够强大，无法用于电动汽车。设空处连接两个句子，表示“因为”，用连词as连接状语从句。故填as。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此，桑松开始集思广益，想办法提高它的性能。improve后接名词performance作宾语。故填performance。 【43题详解】 考查动名词。句意：获奖并不意味着他的探索就此结束。设空处为非谓语动词，应用动名词做主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Winning。 【44题详解】 考查比较级。句意：这一次，他计划使用更坚固的材料来支持更高的转速。根据句意可知，他计划使用更坚固的材料来支持更高的转速，所以用比较级stronger作定语。故填stronger。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：他希望有一天他的发动机能成为电动汽车的选择。定冠词the后接名词choice，作宾语。故填choice。 五、应用文写作 46．（2024·河北省邢台市邢台市名校联盟）昨天你班与隔壁班进行了一场排球友谊赛。请你根据这次比赛写一篇英语报道，向英语校刊投稿，内容包括： 1.比赛情况介绍； 2.你的感受。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Friendly Volleyball Match: A Bonding Experience Between Classes ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Friendly Volleyball Match: A Bonding Experience Between Classes Yesterday, a cheering volleyball match unfolded between our class and the neighboring class, fostering friendship and sportsmanship. Both teams exhibited remarkable skills, displaying precise serves, strategic attacks, and swift defense throughout the game. The atmosphere was charged with enthusiasm as spectators cheered on their respective classmates. Personally, the match was a proof of the power of team work and determination. Despite the outcome, the bonds formed on the court are more important than the final score. It was a reminder that through collaboration and mutual support, we can achieve success both on and off the court. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇关于自己班与隔壁班进行的一场排球友谊赛的报道，向英语校刊投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 非凡的：remarkable→extraordinary 培养：foster→develop 展示：exhibit→display 充满：be charged with→be filled with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Yesterday, a cheering volleyball match unfolded between our class and the neighboring class, fostering friendship and sportsmanship. 拓展句：Yesterday, a cheering volleyball match unfolded between our class and the neighboring class, which fostered friendship and sportsmanship. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Yesterday, a cheering volleyball match unfolded between our class and the neighboring class, fostering friendship and sportsmanship. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] It was a reminder that through collaboration and mutual support, we can achieve success both on and off the court. (运用了that引导同位语从句) 六、读后续写 47．（2024·皖豫名校联盟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Before I turned ten, I had lost both my parents. I lived alone in a room that a relative had allowed me to use rent-free. And to support myself and my education, I had taken to delivering newspapers. I would get up every morning by 5am and walk five kilometre from Kachiguda, where I lived,to the newspaper office in Troop's Bazaar. By 6am, I would collect 50 copies of Manzil (Urdu Daily)—the bundle must have weighed over five kilograms. My beat spanned three kilometre,from Moazzam Jahi Market to Basheer Bagh. After distributing the copies, I would rush home—another three kilometre away, cook my measly breakfast, and be off to the Kachiguda High School. I was in Class Seven and even though I had weekly holidays, there was no break from this work. One wintry Friday morning in 1945, I got home after my deliveries, only to find a boy of my age at my doorstep. He introduced himself as Afzal and said his father wanted to see me. When I asked him why, Afzal said,"He will tell you." I assumed his father wished to subscribe to the newspaper, so I followed him to his home nearby. Afzal's mother, Naseem Bano, opened the door. She asked me to sit, patted my back and went inside. She reappeared carrying a large tray full of tea and snacks. Then came Mr Kader, Afzal's father, telling me Afzal was their only son and a student in my school. Naseem pulled up her chair next to mine and gently asked,"Tell me about your routine, right from the time you wake up in the morning."I wasn't quite sure why she wanted to know that, but I told her about my morning job in a few words. Later, as I was about to leave after thanking them, Mr Kader asked me to wait and stepped inside the house. Meanwhile, Naseem asked me,"How many miles do you walk every day?" I replied,"A little more than 11 km." My reply shocked her. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At the same time, I saw Mr Kader emerge again, wheeling a new bicycle._____________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mr Kader began to explain why he gave me the bicycle. ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One possible version: At the same time, I saw Mr Kader emerge again, wheeling a new bicycle. It was a quite expensive new bike. I was fixing my eyes on it when I heard Mr Kader's words."This is for you!" he said."But I have no money to pay for it,"I murmured. Afzal's mother put her arm around my shoulders, gave a gentle squeeze and said,"Who is asking you to pay for it, my son?" It took a few seconds for the endearment to sink in. It felt warm, like home, as if my mother were there for me. Mr Kader began to explain why he gave me the bicycle. He said,"Your newspaper editor is a friend of mine. He gave me your address, so I knew you lived close by. Then Afzal told us/more about you."I bowed gratefully. I didn't even realize that my eyes had welled up, and tears were rolling down my face. Afzal's mother wiped my tears and held me closer. The bicycle changed my life for many years thereafter. I realized that timely and needs-based help is in-comparably precious. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$