2024年中考英语重点语法快速速记之一般现在时解读课件

时 态 一般现在时 考点1 一般现在时的概念 1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作(每周,每天,经常) He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐意助人。 The shop opens at nine every day. 这家商店每天九点开门。 I usually go to school by bus. 我通常坐公交车去上学。 定义: 2.描述事物或人物的状态、性质、特征、能力、爱好等。(男生、女生、职业、高矮胖瘦)如: He can speak five foreign languages . 他能说五种外语。 Weihai is a beautiful city . 威海是座美丽的城市。 Lucy likes reading. 露西喜欢阅读。 3.陈述客观事实、客观真理。(太阳、月亮、 河流、高山)如: Ten minus two is eight. 十减二等于八。 The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。 The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 常与 always(一直,总是), usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),never(从不), every morning/night/evening/day/week/year,once a month(一月一次), on Sundays(每逢周末)等频率副词连用。 once a week(一周一次) twice a week(一周两次) three times a week(一周三次) 标志词: 语法秘籍 时间频率副词 always usually often sometimes seldom never 0 % 100 % 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 词尾加-s get—gets help—helps 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 词尾加-es fix-fixes guess—guesses 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i,再加-es fly—flies cry—cries 不规则变化 have——has 考点2 一般现在时动词第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时句子类型 动词:1. be动词:is , am, are 2. 情态动词can, must, may, should, shall等 3. 行为/实义动词run, speak, call, say…. 实际意义的动作词(看、吃、喝、玩、打等) 一、含有Be动词(am/ is / are) 肯定句 1、I am a teacher. 2、You are a boy. 3、He is a student. 4、She is a girl. 1、I am not a teacher. 2、You are not a boy. 3、He is not a student. 4、She is not a girl. 注意缩写形式哦! are not = aren't is not = isn't 否定句 肯定句 1、I am a teacher. 2、You are a boy. 3、He is a student. 4、She is a girl. 1、Are you a teacher ? 2、Are you a boy ? 3、Is he a student ? 4、Is she a girl ? 变化规则: 1、找到句中Be动词,提前并大写。 2、若是碰到第一人称,则改为you,并搭配are. 3、其它部分照抄,别忘记“ ?”哟。 肯定回答:Yes,I am. / Yes, he/she is. 否定回答:No,I am not. / No, he / she isn't. 一般疑问句 二、含有情态动词(can等) 肯定句: 1、I can play basketball. 2、She can spell it . 否定句: 1、I can not play basketball. 2、She can not spell it . can not = can't 一般疑问句: 1、Can you play basketball ? 2、Can she play basketball ? 肯定回答:Yes, I can. / Yes, she can. 否定回答:No, I can't. / No, she can't. 常见情态动词can, must, may, should, shall等 情态动词后用动词原形 (情态动词是辅助,其后必要加动原) 三、含有行为动词 (主语非第三人称单数) 肯定句: 1、 I have a book. 2、We like apples. 3、They watch them on TV. I don't have a book. We don't like apples. They don't watch them on TV. 句中没有be动词和情态动词,请do / don't 来帮忙! 一般疑问句: Do you have a book ? Do you like apples? Do they watch them on TV? Yes, 主语+do. No, 主语+ don't. 否定句: She has a pen. He likes bananas. Mike thinks about the question. Your mother speaks English. 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 1、人称代词(he / she / it) 2、单个人名或称呼(Mike / your...) She doesn't have a pen. He doesn't like bananas. Mike doesn't think about the question. Your mother doesn't speak English. 当主语为第三人称单数,变否定,句中无be动词和情态动词时,请does / doesn't 来帮忙! 变否定有实意动词的,在动词前加助动词don’t, 若主语是第三人称单数的,则在三单动词前加助动词doesn’t,并且三单动词要变回动词原形。 do /does /did 照妖镜,动词看到现原形。 肯定句: 否定句: (主语为第三人称单数) She has a pen. He likes bananas. Mike thinks about the question. Your mother speaks English. 一般疑问句: Does she have a pen ? Does he like bananas ? Does Mike think about the question ? Does your mother speak English? Yes, 主语+does. No, 主语+ doesn't. do /does /did 照妖镜, 动词看到现原形。 注意: 在一般现在时态中,当谓语动词是行为动词的时候,变否定和一般疑问句时,要借助助动词do和does帮忙。当主语是第三人称单数(she, he, it)的时候用does,其他人称用do. 借助助动词do和does以后,动词要用动词原形。 1 肯定句 主语 动词原形 其他 肯定句 :主语+动词原形+其它 主语 肯定句:主语+动词三单+其它 动词三单 其他 2 否定句 主语 动词原形 其他 否定句 : 主语+don't+动词原形+其它 否定句: 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它 主语 动词原形 doesn't 其他 don't do /does /did 照妖镜,动词看到现原形。 3 一般疑问句 Do 主语 动词原形 其它 一般疑问句: Do+主语+动词原形+其它? Does 主语 动词原形 其它 一般疑问句: Does+主语+动词原形+其它? 当主语不是第三人称单数时: 肯定回答 :Yes,主语+do; 否定回答: No,主语+don't 当主语是第三人称单数时: 肯定回答 :Yes,主语+does; 否定回答: No,主语+doesn't 4 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 1.She has some storybooks.(改为否定句) She have storybooks. 2.Mike usually goes home on foot.(改为一般疑问句) Mike usually home on foot? go Dose doesn't any 按要求完成下列各题。 考点3 一般现在时的基本用法 1.teach 2.be 3.do 4.go 5.have 6.draw 7.finish 8.study 9.come 10.make 11.miss 12.stay 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 teaches is does goes has draws finishes studies comes makes misses stays 二、根据汉语提示,完成句子。 1.迈克经常在图书馆里看书。 Mike often in the . 2.我爸爸每天早上七点起床。(广东广州) My father at 7:00 every morning. 3.她住在悉尼吗? she in Sydney? reads books library Does live gets up 1. He often (fly) a kite on Saturday. 2. I (do ) some exercise every day. 3. The boys (play) football on the weekends. 4. My sister (do) her homework after school . 5. My grandpa and grandma (watch) TV in the afternoon. 6. I (see) a film with my mom sometimes. flies do play does watch see 按照要求改写句子 1. Jenny watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _ _ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) _ _ 4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _ Jenny doesn't watch TV every evening. Do you do your homework every day? No, I don't. Does she like milk? Yes,she does. We don't go to school every morning. 2.动词第三人称单数的变化规则: 用所给动词的正确形式填空: 1.We often _(play) in the playground. 2.She often _(watch) TV with her dog. 3.The earth _(go) around the sun. 4.My mother _look) after my little sister at home. 5. Lucy _(have) some friends here. 6.Fang Ming _(not like )rice at all. 7.We_(go)to school at 7:30 in the morning . 8.Mary seldom _ (come) here. 9.Her uncle often _ (drive) to Beijing. 10.Tom _ (want) _ ( work) in Hainan. play watches looks doesn’t like has go comes drives wants to work goes We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six o’clock. 3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What (do) _he usually (do)_ after school? 5. Danny _ (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school. plays gets brush Do do does studies 6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _ Mike_(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday? 10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework? goes watches read Does does have do does 改句子 Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2. I have many books. (改为否定句) 3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing ping-pong (改为否定句) 4. She lives in a small town near New York. (改为一般疑问句) Yes,I do. I don't have many books. Gao Shan's sister doesn't like playing ping-pong. Does she live in a small town near New York? 5. I watch TV every day. (改为一般疑问句) 6. We have four lessons.(否定句) 7. Nancy doesn’t run fast (肯定句) 8. My dog runs fast. (否定句) Do you watch TV every day? We don't have four lessons. Nancy runs fast. My dog doesn't run fast. 单项选择 1. The Browns_a nice car and Brown's brother _ a nice jeep. A. have, have B. has, has C. have, has D. has, have 2. If their house_not like ours, what _ it look like? A. is, is B. is, does C. does, does D. does, is C B 3. - _ you think he will come? - If it _ tomorrow, he will not come. A. Do, rains B. Are, rains C. Do, will rain D. Are, will rain 4. The little child _ not even know that the moon _ around the earth. A. do, move B. do, moves C. does, moves D. did, moved A C . HOMEWORK 1. The buses _ (use) a lot of oil. 2. Each of us _ (have) strong points and weak points. 3. My daughter_ (watch) TV every day. 4. Sometimes she _ (see) a film on Sunday. 5. Li Wei _ (have) a daughter. She_ (stay)in a nursery(托儿所). 6. She _ (be) a teacher. 7. I _ (be) a student. uses has watches sees has stays is am 8.She can _ (sing) a song. 9.He usually runs in the morning.(变否定和一般疑问句) 10.I speak Chinese.(变否定和一般疑问句) 11.There is a bed in this room.(变否定和一般疑问句) sing He doesn't run in the morning. Does he usually run in the morning? I don't speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? There is not a bed in this room. Is there a bed in this room? $$