2023-2024学年高二英语下学期期末高仿真模拟卷（二）

2023-2024届高二英语下学期期末高仿真模拟卷（二） 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第I卷（选择题） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the woman leave for the movie? A. 5 minutes ago. B. 15 minutes ago. C. 30 minutes ago. 2. Which food does the man usually avoid? A. Cream. B. Biscuits. C. Chocolate. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Fellow students. C. Teacher and student. 4. Who told Marie about the accident? A. Tom. B. Her father. C. Lucy. 5. How many times has the man tried to wake Peter up? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does the man feel about the American football match? A. Confused. B. Disappointed. C. Interested. 7. Why did the woman come to watch the game? A. She thought it was a soccer game. B. She’d like to share the man’s hobby. C. She wanted to see how exciting it was. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What does the man ask the woman about? A. The gifts for new co-workers. B. The order of the new notepaper. C. The address of the new company. 9. How does the woman feel about the news? A. Angry. B. Doubtful. C. Upset. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Which fixing company they should choose. B. How much they have spent. C. When the fixing will begin. 11. What does the woman say about Prestons? A. They are unreliable. B. They do high quality work. C. They charge the lowest price. 12. What does the woman agree to do? A. Ask for a lower price. B. Respond to all the builders. C. Email Valley Builders. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where are the speakers probably? A. In an office. B. In a lift. C. In a car. 14. How soon will the man be interviewed? A. In 30 minutes. B. In 15 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 15. Why does the woman want to get the job? A. She likes the working time. B. She likes working in downtown. C. She likes going to work by subway. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Answer the phone. B. Talk more with the man. C. Visit some shops nearby. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How do scientists at University College London measure memory loss? A. By recording the time people spend on TV. B. By tracking people’s living habits. C. By using memory and fluency tests. 18. What leads to memory decline in older people? A. Watching television for hours. B. Playing video games for hours. C. Surfing the Internet for hours. 19. Why is participation in various activities good for older people? A. It can maintain their mental function. B. It can educate them on using the Internet. C. It can help them relax. 20. What do the researchers suggest older people do? A. Make more friends. B. Sleep eight to ten hours per night. C. Balance TV viewing with other activities. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The UNESCO World Heritage List is a prestigious honour awarded to sites of outstanding universal value around the world. Did you know there are 1,157 UNESCO World Heritage Sites spanning across 167 countries? We’ve picked out our top 4 for you to visit below. The Acropolis, Greece The Acropolis is an ancient castle that stands proud in the Greek city of Athens. Back in the fifth century BC after battle with the Persians, the plans of Pericles came to life under the influence of Pheidias, the sculptor. It then became a place for thought and art to flourish, where symbols of classical spirit and civilisation came alive. Historic centre of Rome, Italy According to Roman mythology, the Eternal City was founded in 753 BC and became the capital of the mighty Roman Empire. Rome is home to a number of attractions including the Forum, the Pantheon and the Colosseum! This World Heritage site contains the whole historic centre within the city walls and reflects the influence of the Renaissance and Baroque periods in making it one of Italy’s most popular cities. Ayutthaya Historical Park, Thailand The historic city of Ayutthaya in Thailand was founded around 1350 and was subsequently destroyed in the 18th century by the Burmese. What’s left today is the ruins and some key highlights include the Buddhist temples of Wat Ratchaburana, Wat Mahathat and Wat Phra Sri Sanphet. The area is home to the remains of tall prang (reliquary towers) and should not be missed. Cultural landscape of Bali, Indonesia The landscape in Bali is unlike anything else on Earth. Consisting of five rice terraces (梯田) and water temples covering 19,500 hectares, the cultural landscape takes your breath away. This site gains honour through an ancient farming ceremony dating back to the 9th century known as subak. This concept reflects the spirit, the human world and nature, also known as Tri Hita Karana. 21. What might have happened in Greece in the 5th century BC? A. Greece became famous for its castles. B. Pheidias became a sculptor. C. Greece fought against Persians. D. The Greek spirit disappeared. 22. What is subak? A. A rice terrace. B. A cultural landscape. C. A water temple. D. An agricultural ceremony. 23. Which of the following has the longest history? A. The Acropolis. B. The Eternal City. C. Ayutthaya. D. Tri Hita Karana. B Several security guards of residential compounds in Beijing and workers were seen shoveling snow and some parked vehicles were covered by thick overnight snow. The first snowfall of winter arrived in Beijing early Monday, covering the Chinese capital with a mantle (披风) of white overnight and plunging (使……下降) the city into freezing temperatures, with even colder weather coming this week in northern China. Snowfall reached 5.8 mm on average by early Monday, with the highest snowfall of 10.2 mm recorded in Fangshan district, Beijing Meteorological (气象的) Service data showed. Beijing typically sees its first snow of the season between late November and February, or even none at all. More snowfall is expected this week, with temperatures seen further sliding to as low as -20°Celsius. The Chinese capital last saw such similarly extremely cold weather on Jan. 7, 2021, when the temperature dropped to -19.6℃. The cold snap (寒潮) in Beijing this week, compared with the autumn-like conditions a week ago, mirrored the sharp swings in temperatures recently. In October, Beijing experienced one of its warmest Octobers in decades in a year of weather extremes. On Monday, the government warned of road icing in large parts of the city of nearly 22 million, with authorities shutting some expressways or partially closing sections. By 10 a. m. local time, 62 out of a few hundred flights had been cancelled at the Beijing Capital Airport. Railway authorities enforced speed limits on lines connecting Beijing and Guangzhou in southern China, causing delays in some passenger trains. By 7 a. m. Monday, more than 180 bus routes in Beijing had been suspended. The official Beijing Daily reported that vegetable stocks were enough, hitting this year’s highest daily market volume of 23,800 tons, as merchants stocked up (备货) ahead of time. Huang, a Beijing resident working in the internet sector, said the snow in Beijing came early. “Normally, it doesn’t snow until the Spring Festival,” Huang said, referring to the start of the Lunar New Year, which typically falls in January or February. 24. Which of the following is not used to show the seriousness of the snowfall in paragraph? A. By listing out numbers. B. By illustrating a viewpoint. C. By citing data from the authority. D. By making comparisons. 25. What contrast in weather conditions did Beijing experience as mentioned in the article? A. From hot summers to mild winters. B. From dry conditions to heavy rainfall. C. From autumn-like conditions to a sudden coldness. D. From constant snow to unexpectedly warm temperatures. 26. Which of the following word is close to the meaning of “enforced” in paragraph 4? A. introduced B. obeyed C. happened D. improved 27. What positive measure did merchants in Beijing take in anticipation of the snowfall? A. Organized community support groups. B. Increased storage of essential supplies. C. Created emergency shelters for the homeless. D. Offered discounts and sales to boost business. C Imagine you’re out for an evening stroll (闲逛) in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. But is this true? In tourist areas, which lack regular, local customers, the number of diners is unlikely to hold information about the quality of the meal. In this case, following the example of others could have led to a sub-optimal (次佳的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Spontaneously (不由自主地) copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “Herd behaviors”. It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort — after all, there’s “safety in numbers” — while helping to maintain a favourable reputation. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, can have many harmful effects. Blindly following the herd can have grave consequences when trying to escape from danger. As seen in examples during earthquakes, herding may result in the entire crowd rushing for the same door, even if other exits are available. This unavoidably affects evacuation (撤退) efforts and may result in avoidable injuries or even deaths. Psychology research suggests that it’s surprisingly difficult to resist the influences of the herd. In an experiment involving financial decision making, researchers found that warning messages about the potential errors of the crowd were surprisingly ineffective in helping customers make better choices. It appears there is no quick and easy fix. Instead, it is advisable to involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 28. What does the author want to tell us by the restaurant example? A. Undesirable outcomes of herding. B. Wise dinner choices of most customers. C. Practical ways of avoiding herding. D. Poor conditions of popular dining places. 29. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about herding? A. Its application. B. Its disadvantages. C. Its definition. D. Its benefits. 30. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Send warning messages. B. Follow peers’ opinions. C. Stop behaving critically. D. Have our own judgments. 31. Which is the best title for the text? A. Why can’t you find the reasons for herding? B. Why shouldn’t you follow the crowd blindly? C. When should you avoid influences of herding? D. How can you discover wisdom of crowds? D Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工艺品) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but conflicts, climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. Technology is now the most important weapon in the battle. Here’s how technology is preserving our cultural heritage. As you can imagine, creating the replicas (复制品) via crowd sourced 2D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms (算法) are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration-and-preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and much better than former methods. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are easily damaged. Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes left could be seen everywhere, causing enormous problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at and touch artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes. Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology. Efforts in research, innovation (创新), data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. 32. What does the underlined word “exacting” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Paying. B. Cutting. C. Receiving. D. Demanding. 33. What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage? A. It creates 2D images. B. It makes restoration easier. C. It makes preservation safer D. It creates replicas in seconds. 34. How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage? A. By recycling huge amounts of waste. B. By reducing human effect on the site. C. By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts. D. By educating people about the sites’ importance. 35. What is the author’s attitude to technology application in preserving the cultural heritage? A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Negative. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes our friends’ behavior can offend (冒犯) us; sometimes we can see changes they need to make — but how do we tell them? 36 It’s important to have solid evidence that there is indeed a problem. Evidence that can be agreed upon makes it easier for other people to recognize issues. 37 Psychologist Andrea Bonior suggests framing problems with “I”. Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is less accusatory (谴责的) than “You never spend time with me!” and is focused more clearly on the impact. 38 Becoming tense might lead you to react badly and cause an argument. Bonior recommends that you should acknowledge the conversation could make you anxious. If you think about this yourself, it can help you focus on positive results. If you admit your anxiety to your friend, you will show a more human side. Another psychologist, Laura Brennan, points out how it’s important that we let go of our ego (自我) and don’t focus on the need to be proved right. This can help reduce tension. 39 Many experts recommend planning your words so that you can say things in a way that avoids conflict. However, Bonior cautions against overplanning, as this can stop you from being flexible enough to genuinely follow and participate in the discussion. Be realistic. Complicated problems are unlikely to be solved with one conversation. Consider what is possible in one discussion and that it may be harder than you initially thought. 40 A. Staying calm is vital. B. Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier? C. Some people like to gather evidence to support their concerns. D. This will help you to set realistic goals for what you can achieve. E. Once you have proof, it’s important to highlight how it impacts us and others. F. Should we always be completely honest with our friends about their behavior? G. We can lower the potential for conflict by listening to the other person and asking questions. 第II卷（非选择题） 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As an artist, I am constantly struck by the profound impact that art can have on people’s lives. Recently, I have had an experience that 41 the great power of human connection. One day, as I was 42 my stand at an outdoor show, a young mother and her daughter caught my attention. The young girl was 43 fascinated by one of my earlier works, “The Children’s Spirit.” The piece 44 a young girl holding both of her hands up, 45 a butterfly. The work was mostly red in color, with one side dark and sad, and the other bright and 46 . As they explored my artwork, the mother began to tell me the little girl’s story. The child used to be an orphan who had experienced a lot of 47 during childhood, but had finally found a new 48 who cherished and raised her. The mother was moved by the piece and decided to buy a 49 of it. However, as she was leaving, she turned back and said, “I really want the original painting. But I need to 50 on it tonight.” Finally she came the next morning and quickly paid for the original and take it home with a huge smile. As an artist, I drew inspiration from my own experiences, emotions, and observations, creating pieces that are very 51 to me. But I am never quite sure how they will be 52 by others. This encounter reminds me of the 53 bond art fosters. Each of the 54 emphasizes its ability to touch hearts, bridge gaps, and bring comfort. It showcases the timeless impact of art to unite and 55 us all. 41. A. denied B. highlighted C. decreased D. transformed 42. A. adjusting to B. appealing to C. setting up D. wiping out 43. A. mildly B. barely C. apparently D. potentially 44. A. represented B. exposed C. predicted D. clarified 45. A. comforting B. bothering C. releasing D. casting 46. A. vivid B. cheerful C. exceptional D. abstract 47. A. growth B. hardships C. changes D. adventures 48. A. organization B. school C. team D. family 49. A. copy B. part C. photograph D. draft 50. A. sleep B. insist C. depend D. thunder 51. A. dramatic B. logical C. personal D. practical 52. A. crafted B. grasped C. processed D. interpreted 53. A. spiritual B. ideal C. fundamental D. conventional 54. A. perception B. interaction C. application D. interruption 55. A. separate B. devote C. uplift D. defend 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are certain things on the Earth that we must not lose. The great animal migration across the Serengeti Plains or the towering pyramids of Egypt are such examples. Every country is proud of 56 (it) cultural or natural heritage sites, all of 57 must be protected. We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such 58 unique task. It sees heritage as our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass down 59 future generations as well as irreplaceable sources of inspiration. The incredible splendour of heritage sites is a   60 (remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man. As a nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to snow-capped mountains, thick forests, impressive waterfalls and lakes. This dream-like scenery makes us realize that nature has 61 (literal) created a masterpiece. Similarly, standing in the shadow of the Borobudur Temple, as the sun rises over this grand historic building, we 62 (impress) with the effort and determination of the people 63 (establish) it with only primitive tools. It is in heritage sites like this 64 we cannot help but be humbled, come to understand our limitations as human beings, and know that our duty is to protect them for generations 65 (come). 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 假定你是学生会主席李华，暑期学生会将组织“丝绸之路”沿线国家考察活动。你校的英国交换生 David 想报名参加，写信向你询问相关情况，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括: 1. 活动时间; 2. 具体安排; 3. 报名方式。 注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would have been a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory (配饰) into a life lesson I carry with me today. My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room, a car for your birthday, a lavish sweet 16 party.” We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced. It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed — and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had to have it. “It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her, “What a neat basket.” I tried to hold off at first, and I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t pretend to ignore it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that basket. I love that basket.” I was desperate. “You know,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever. “If you save up you could buy this yourself.” “By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!” “Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy. “Mom. Someone else will buy it.” “There might be another way,” she said. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My mother bought the beautiful basket but hid it, and I was determined to make enough money.              ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, the unthinkable happened — a neighborhood girl appeared with the exact same basket.                ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024届高二英语下学期期末高仿真模拟卷（二） 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 第I卷（选择题） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the woman leave for the movie? A. 5 minutes ago. B. 15 minutes ago. C. 30 minutes ago. 【答案】C 【原文】 M: Ah, you’re here. The movie only started 5 minutes ago, so you haven’t missed much. W: Sorry I’m late. I set off half an hour ago, but 15 minutes later I realized I’d left my purse at home. 2. Which food does the man usually avoid? A. Cream. B. Biscuits. C. Chocolate. 【答案】A 【原文】 W: Hey, I just noticed you put cream on your strawberries. I thought you hated it. M: Yeah, I’m trying to get a taste of it. I always envy people when I see them putting it on things like chocolate cakes and biscuits. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Fellow students. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: My mom helped me with my homework and I got all the questions right. M: Well, your mom was wrong. Answer the questions again on your own. I set this exercise for my students, not their parents. 4. Who told Marie about the accident? A. Tom. B. Her father. C. Lucy. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: I set off after you called me, Dad. How is Mom? M: She’s fine, Marie. She slipped on the stairs. It looked worse than it was. W: I called Tom and Lucy and told them Mom had had an accident. They’ll be here shortly. 5. How many times has the man tried to wake Peter up? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 【答案】B 【原文】 M: I can’t get Peter to wake up. I shook him when his alarm went off. Then I went back five minutes later and shook him again. W: Have another try. He has an exam today so he can’t be late for school. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does the man feel about the American football match? A. Confused. B. Disappointed. C. Interested. 7. Why did the woman come to watch the game? A. She thought it was a soccer game. B. She’d like to share the man’s hobby. C. She wanted to see how exciting it was. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【原文】 W: I can’t wait to watch the game, Martin. This is the first time I’ve ever been to a soccer game at a stadium. M: This is not a soccer game. It’s American football. W: You mean it’s a rugby game? M: No, no, no. You’ve got them all wrong... The game is on. Look! They use an oval (椭圆形的) ball in an American football match. They can also pass the ball with their hands. Now watch the game. W: Oh, I’m a little disappointed. M: What are you talking about? It’s exciting. W: Listen, Martin. I know American football is also good, but I’m a big fan of soccer. I came here only because I thought we were going to watch a soccer game. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What does the man ask the woman about? A. The gifts for new co-workers. B. The order of the new notepaper. C. The address of the new company. 9. How does the woman feel about the news? A. Angry. B. Doubtful. C. Upset. 【答案】8. B 9. B 【原文】 M: Hi Dorothy, just checking, you haven’t ordered the new company notepaper yet, have you? W: I intended to do it this morning. It’s the next thing on my list. Why, is there a problem? M: Hold fire on that. I overheard Carl telling Geoff that we might be moving to a new office soon. We don’t want to be giving people the wrong address. W: Really? I did hear about that a while ago, but I thought it couldn’t be true. I’d better find out what’s happening before I place the order. M: Yes, do that. It came as a surprise to me as well. W: I wouldn’t mind a change of scenery, and a bigger office would certainly be very welcome. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Which fixing company they should choose. B. How much they have spent. C. When the fixing will begin. 11. What does the woman say about Prestons? A. They are unreliable. B. They do high quality work. C. They charge the lowest price. 12. What does the woman agree to do? A. Ask for a lower price. B. Respond to all the builders. C. Email Valley Builders. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【原文】 M: I’ve just got the last estimate (估价) for fixing the roof of the house. We decided that the Arkwright’s estimate is too expensive, didn’t we? And although the one from Jackson Builders is the cheapest, I don’t really trust them to do a good job. W: I think you’re right there. They didn’t fill me with confidence. M: So that leaves us with Valley Builders and Prestons. W: Personally, I think that Prestons are more professional, and will probably do the best job. But their estimate is £1,000 more than Valley Builders’. I’m not sure they’re worth that much more. M: I think you’re right. We should go for Valley Builders. They’re a good company and lots of our neighbors have had work done by them. Do you want to send them an email and ask if they can start as soon as possible? W: Yes, I’ll do that now. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where are the speakers probably? A. In an office. B. In a lift. C. In a car. 14. How soon will the man be interviewed? A. In 30 minutes. B. In 15 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 15. Why does the woman want to get the job? A. She likes the working time. B. She likes working in downtown. C. She likes going to work by subway. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Answer the phone. B. Talk more with the man. C. Visit some shops nearby. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. A 【原文】 W: Morning. M: Good morning. Which floor shall I press? W: Fourth please. M: Ah, same as me. W: You’re not here for the interview as well, are you? M: I am, indeed. W: Ha-ha, so maybe we shouldn’t be talking to each other, then. M: I don’t think it’s likely to make much difference. When is your appointment? W: Let me see... in exactly 10 minutes. M: Oh, you’re before me. Mine will begin in half an hour. W: Looks like you got here too early. M: Well, I didn’t want to leave anything to chance. I could have been stuck in traffic or something like that. By the way, what made you apply for the job? W: I like the idea of working in the city center. There are some good shops around here. M: Yes, but parking the car might be expensive. W: Well, I’ll be coming on the subway if I get the job, so that won’t matter. M: What’s that sound? W: What? Oh, excuse me. It’s my phone. I need a louder ring tone. I can’t always hear it if it’s in my handbag. Excuse me, I’ll have to take this call. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How do scientists at University College London measure memory loss? A. By recording the time people spend on TV. B. By tracking people’s living habits. C. By using memory and fluency tests. 18. What leads to memory decline in older people? A. Watching television for hours. B. Playing video games for hours. C. Surfing the Internet for hours. 19. Why is participation in various activities good for older people? A. It can maintain their mental function. B. It can educate them on using the Internet. C. It can help them relax. 20. What do the researchers suggest older people do? A. Make more friends. B. Sleep eight to ten hours per night. C. Balance TV viewing with other activities. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 【原文】 A new study suggests watching more than three hours of television a day doubles memory loss in older people. Scientists at University College London used memory and fluency tests on the same group of people six years apart. They found that the memory of those who watched more than three hours a day declined by an average of eight to ten percent. The research team believes that watching television may be putting additional stress on the mind, which contributes (导致) to memory decline. Older people who watch more television are also less likely to participate in activities. And those activities are usually known to preserve mental function, such as reading, using the Internet or playing video games. The researchers say that television viewing may also be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s (阿尔兹海默病), but more research is needed to confirm this link. While watching television may have educational and relaxation benefits, the researchers advise that adults over the age of 50 should try to balance television viewing with other activities. If you’re concerned that the amount of television you’re watching could have a negative impact on your health, you should control the amount of TV watching each day and take up some healthy hobbies instead. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The UNESCO World Heritage List is a prestigious honour awarded to sites of outstanding universal value around the world. Did you know there are 1,157 UNESCO World Heritage Sites spanning across 167 countries? We’ve picked out our top 4 for you to visit below. The Acropolis, Greece The Acropolis is an ancient castle that stands proud in the Greek city of Athens. Back in the fifth century BC after battle with the Persians, the plans of Pericles came to life under the influence of Pheidias, the sculptor. It then became a place for thought and art to flourish, where symbols of classical spirit and civilisation came alive. Historic centre of Rome, Italy According to Roman mythology, the Eternal City was founded in 753 BC and became the capital of the mighty Roman Empire. Rome is home to a number of attractions including the Forum, the Pantheon and the Colosseum! This World Heritage site contains the whole historic centre within the city walls and reflects the influence of the Renaissance and Baroque periods in making it one of Italy’s most popular cities. Ayutthaya Historical Park, Thailand The historic city of Ayutthaya in Thailand was founded around 1350 and was subsequently destroyed in the 18th century by the Burmese. What’s left today is the ruins and some key highlights include the Buddhist temples of Wat Ratchaburana, Wat Mahathat and Wat Phra Sri Sanphet. The area is home to the remains of tall prang (reliquary towers) and should not be missed. Cultural landscape of Bali, Indonesia The landscape in Bali is unlike anything else on Earth. Consisting of five rice terraces (梯田) and water temples covering 19,500 hectares, the cultural landscape takes your breath away. This site gains honour through an ancient farming ceremony dating back to the 9th century known as subak. This concept reflects the spirit, the human world and nature, also known as Tri Hita Karana. 21. What might have happened in Greece in the 5th century BC? A. Greece became famous for its castles. B. Pheidias became a sculptor. C. Greece fought against Persians. D. The Greek spirit disappeared. 22. What is subak? A. A rice terrace. B. A cultural landscape. C. A water temple. D. An agricultural ceremony. 23. Which of the following has the longest history? A. The Acropolis. B. The Eternal City. C. Ayutthaya. D. Tri Hita Karana. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个联合国教科文组织世界遗产：希腊的雅典卫城，意大利罗马的永恒之城，泰国大城府历史公园以及印尼巴厘岛的文化景观。 21. 推理判断题。根据文章The Acropolis, Greece部分内容“Back in the fifth century BC after battle with the Persians, the plans of Pericles came to life under the influence of Pheidias, the sculptor.(公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，伯里克利的计划在雕刻家菲迪亚斯的影响下得以实现。)”可知，公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，才实现了伯里克利的计划，由此可推知，公元前5世纪，希腊与波斯之间有可能发生了战争。故选C项。 22. 细节理解题。根据文章Cultural landscape of Bali, Indonesia部分内容“This site gains honour through an ancient farming ceremony dating back to the 9th century known as subak. This concept reflects the spirit, the human world and nature, also known as Tri Hita Karana.(这个地方通过一个古老的农业仪式获得荣誉，这个仪式可以追溯到9世纪，被称为subak。这个概念反映了精神，人类世界和自然，也被称为三希塔卡拉纳。)”可知，“subak”是一种农业仪式。故选D项。 23. 细节理解题。根据文章Historic centre of Rome, Italy部分内容“the Eternal City was founded in 753 BC(永恒之城始建于公元前753年)”可知，永恒之城建于公元前753年，是列举出的世界遗产中拥有最长历史的。故选B项。 B Several security guards of residential compounds in Beijing and workers were seen shoveling snow and some parked vehicles were covered by thick overnight snow. The first snowfall of winter arrived in Beijing early Monday, covering the Chinese capital with a mantle (披风) of white overnight and plunging (使……下降) the city into freezing temperatures, with even colder weather coming this week in northern China. Snowfall reached 5.8 mm on average by early Monday, with the highest snowfall of 10.2 mm recorded in Fangshan district, Beijing Meteorological (气象的) Service data showed. Beijing typically sees its first snow of the season between late November and February, or even none at all. More snowfall is expected this week, with temperatures seen further sliding to as low as -20°Celsius. The Chinese capital last saw such similarly extremely cold weather on Jan. 7, 2021, when the temperature dropped to -19.6℃. The cold snap (寒潮) in Beijing this week, compared with the autumn-like conditions a week ago, mirrored the sharp swings in temperatures recently. In October, Beijing experienced one of its warmest Octobers in decades in a year of weather extremes. On Monday, the government warned of road icing in large parts of the city of nearly 22 million, with authorities shutting some expressways or partially closing sections. By 10 a. m. local time, 62 out of a few hundred flights had been cancelled at the Beijing Capital Airport. Railway authorities enforced speed limits on lines connecting Beijing and Guangzhou in southern China, causing delays in some passenger trains. By 7 a. m. Monday, more than 180 bus routes in Beijing had been suspended. The official Beijing Daily reported that vegetable stocks were enough, hitting this year’s highest daily market volume of 23,800 tons, as merchants stocked up (备货) ahead of time. Huang, a Beijing resident working in the internet sector, said the snow in Beijing came early. “Normally, it doesn’t snow until the Spring Festival,” Huang said, referring to the start of the Lunar New Year, which typically falls in January or February. 24. Which of the following is not used to show the seriousness of the snowfall in paragraph? A. By listing out numbers. B. By illustrating a viewpoint. C. By citing data from the authority. D. By making comparisons. 25. What contrast in weather conditions did Beijing experience as mentioned in the article? A. From hot summers to mild winters. B. From dry conditions to heavy rainfall. C. From autumn-like conditions to a sudden coldness. D. From constant snow to unexpectedly warm temperatures. 26. Which of the following word is close to the meaning of “enforced” in paragraph 4? A. introduced B. obeyed C. happened D. improved 27. What positive measure did merchants in Beijing take in anticipation of the snowfall? A. Organized community support groups. B. Increased storage of essential supplies. C. Created emergency shelters for the homeless. D. Offered discounts and sales to boost business. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了周一凌晨，中国首都北京迎来了冬季第一场降雪，一夜之间，北京被大雪覆盖，气温降至冰点。本周，中国北方的天气将更加寒冷。文章解释了此次降温的特别之处、影响以及人们的应对方法。 24. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Snowfall reached 5.8 mm on average by early Monday, with the highest snowfall of 10.2 mm recorded in Fangshan district, Beijing Meteorological (气象的) Service data showed. Beijing typically sees its first snow of the season between late November and February, or even none at all. More snowfall is expected this week, with temperatures seen further sliding to as low as -20°Celsius. The Chinese capital last saw such similarly extremely cold weather on Jan. 7, 2021, when the temperature dropped to -19.6℃.(据北京气象局数据显示，周一凌晨，平均降雪量达到5.8毫米，房山区降雪量最大，达到10.2毫米。北京通常在11月下旬至次年2月之间迎来冬季的第一场雪，甚至根本不下雪。预计本周将有更多降雪，气温将进一步下降至零下20摄氏度。中国首都北京上一次出现如此极端寒冷的天气是在2021年1月7日，当时气温降至零下19.6摄氏度)”可知，文章运用了列数字、引用权威的数据和比较，“说明观点”没有被用来表示降雪的严重性。故选B。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The cold snap (寒潮) in Beijing this week, compared with the autumn-like conditions a week ago, mirrored the sharp swings in temperatures recently. In October, Beijing experienced one of its warmest Octobers in decades in a year of weather extremes.(本周北京的寒流，与一周前类似秋天的天气相比，反映了最近气温的急剧波动。今年10月，北京经历了几十年来最温暖的10月之一)”可知，北京的天气条件不同之处在于从秋天般的天气到突然的寒冷。故选C。 26. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“speed limits on lines connecting Beijing and Guangzhou in southern China, causing delays in some passenger trains”可知，客运列车延误是因为铁路部门对连接北京和广州的铁路实施了限速，故划线词意思是“实施”。故选A。 27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The official Beijing Daily reported that vegetable stocks were enough, hitting this year’s highest daily market volume of 23,800 tons, as merchants stocked up (备货) ahead of time.(官方的《北京日报》报道称，由于商家提前囤货，蔬菜库存充足，达到今年最高的每日市场成交量23800吨)”可知，面对降雪，北京的商家增加了必需品的储存。故选B。 C Imagine you’re out for an evening stroll (闲逛) in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. But is this true? In tourist areas, which lack regular, local customers, the number of diners is unlikely to hold information about the quality of the meal. In this case, following the example of others could have led to a sub-optimal (次佳的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Spontaneously (不由自主地) copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “Herd behaviors”. It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort — after all, there’s “safety in numbers” — while helping to maintain a favourable reputation. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, can have many harmful effects. Blindly following the herd can have grave consequences when trying to escape from danger. As seen in examples during earthquakes, herding may result in the entire crowd rushing for the same door, even if other exits are available. This unavoidably affects evacuation (撤退) efforts and may result in avoidable injuries or even deaths. Psychology research suggests that it’s surprisingly difficult to resist the influences of the herd. In an experiment involving financial decision making, researchers found that warning messages about the potential errors of the crowd were surprisingly ineffective in helping customers make better choices. It appears there is no quick and easy fix. Instead, it is advisable to involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 28. What does the author want to tell us by the restaurant example? A. Undesirable outcomes of herding. B. Wise dinner choices of most customers. C. Practical ways of avoiding herding. D. Poor conditions of popular dining places. 29. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about herding? A. Its application. B. Its disadvantages. C. Its definition. D. Its benefits. 30. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph? A. Send warning messages. B. Follow peers’ opinions. C. Stop behaving critically. D. Have our own judgments. 31. Which is the best title for the text? A. Why can’t you find the reasons for herding? B. Why shouldn’t you follow the crowd blindly? C. When should you avoid influences of herding? D. How can you discover wisdom of crowds? 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. B 【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了“从众行为”及其背后的原因，并说明这种行为的有害影响，最后建议读者对别人的观点持批判态度，不要盲从别人的观点。 28. 推理判断题。根据第二段“In tourist areas, which lack regular, local customers, the number of diners is unlikely to hold information about the quality of the meal. In this case, following the example of others could have led to a sub-optimal (次佳的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.(在旅游地区，缺乏固定的本地顾客，食客的数量不太可能反映出食物的质量。在这种情况下，跟随其他人的例子可能会导致在拥挤的餐馆里选择次优的晚餐)”可知，从众行为可能导致只能在拥挤的餐馆里选择次优的晚餐，故作者通过餐馆的例子想要告诉我们从众行为的不如人意的后果。故选A。 29. 主旨大意题。第四段首句“Herding can appear to make a lot of sense.(从众似乎有很多意义)”为段落主题句，接着下文从三个方面说明了从众行为的好处，故本段是说从众行为的好处，故选D。 30. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Instead, it is advisable to involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them.(相反，建议让个人对同伴的观点采取更批判的态度，质疑他人的行为，而不是盲目地追随他们)”可知，作者在最后一段建议读者对他人的观点持批判态度，不盲从别人，即要有自己的判断。故选D。 31. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合倒数第二段中“Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, can have many harmful effects.(从众行为虽然很常见，也很容易解释，但却会产生许多有害的影响)”和最后一段中“Instead, it is advisable to involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them.(相反，建议让个人对同伴的观点采取更批判的态度，质疑他人的行为，而不是盲目地追随他们)”可知，文章主要介绍了“从众行为”及其背后的原因，并说明这种行为的有害影响，最后建议读者对别人的观点持批判态度，不要盲从别人。B项“你为什么不应该随大流？”为最佳标题，故选B。 D Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through the generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工艺品) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage, but conflicts, climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. Technology is now the most important weapon in the battle. Here’s how technology is preserving our cultural heritage. As you can imagine, creating the replicas (复制品) via crowd sourced 2D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms (算法) are being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration-and-preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and much better than former methods. Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are easily damaged. Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes left could be seen everywhere, causing enormous problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at and touch artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes. Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology. Efforts in research, innovation (创新), data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world. 32. What does the underlined word “exacting” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Paying. B. Cutting. C. Receiving. D. Demanding. 33. What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage? A. It creates 2D images. B. It makes restoration easier. C. It makes preservation safer D. It creates replicas in seconds. 34. How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage? A. By recycling huge amounts of waste. B. By reducing human effect on the site. C. By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts. D. By educating people about the sites’ importance. 35. What is the author’s attitude to technology application in preserving the cultural heritage? A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现代技术（AI和VR）怎样应用在文化遗产的保护上。 32. 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“But today, it is under attack as never before.  Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage,”（但今天，它受到了前所未有的攻击。时间的破坏不仅威胁着我们的文化遗产。）可知，后文应该讲的是冲突，气候变化，全球化和旅游业都在付出沉重的代价。故可猜测，划线单词exacting为“要求付出”的意思，结合选项A项Paying“支付，付出”，意思一致。故选A项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“AI will also make restoration-and-preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and much better than former methods.”（人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的修复和保护比以前的方法更容易、更好。）可知，人工智能在保护文化遗产方面可以使修复更容易。故选B项。 34. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them.  We’ll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at and touch artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.”（随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录，VR技术将越来越多地成为人们体验它们的方式。我们最终都将能够在各个地方走动，观看和触摸人工制品和艺术作品，而不用亲眼看到它们。）可推知，VR技术可以模拟出这些文化遗产让我们感受而不用去现场，从而减少人类对文化遗产的影响以及破坏。故选B项。 35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology.  Efforts in research, innovation(创新), data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.”（最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。在研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。）可推知，作者对文化遗产保护中技术的应用持积极肯定的态度。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sometimes our friends’ behavior can offend (冒犯) us; sometimes we can see changes they need to make — but how do we tell them? 36 It’s important to have solid evidence that there is indeed a problem. Evidence that can be agreed upon makes it easier for other people to recognize issues. 37 Psychologist Andrea Bonior suggests framing problems with “I”. Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is less accusatory (谴责的) than “You never spend time with me!” and is focused more clearly on the impact. 38 Becoming tense might lead you to react badly and cause an argument. Bonior recommends that you should acknowledge the conversation could make you anxious. If you think about this yourself, it can help you focus on positive results. If you admit your anxiety to your friend, you will show a more human side. Another psychologist, Laura Brennan, points out how it’s important that we let go of our ego (自我) and don’t focus on the need to be proved right. This can help reduce tension. 39 Many experts recommend planning your words so that you can say things in a way that avoids conflict. However, Bonior cautions against overplanning, as this can stop you from being flexible enough to genuinely follow and participate in the discussion. Be realistic. Complicated problems are unlikely to be solved with one conversation. Consider what is possible in one discussion and that it may be harder than you initially thought. 40 A. Staying calm is vital. B. Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier? C. Some people like to gather evidence to support their concerns. D. This will help you to set realistic goals for what you can achieve. E. Once you have proof, it’s important to highlight how it impacts us and others. F. Should we always be completely honest with our friends about their behavior? G. We can lower the potential for conflict by listening to the other person and asking questions. 【答案】36. B 37. E 38. A 39. G 40. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以让自己和朋友之间困难的对话变得容易的一些方法。 36. 前文“Sometimes our friends’ behavior can offend (冒犯) us; sometimes we can see changes they need to make — but how do we tell them? (有时朋友的行为会冒犯我们；有时我们可以看到他们需要做出的改变——但我们如何告诉他们)”引出对如何和朋友对话的困惑，后文段落给出了具体的建议，因此B项“Are there any ways to make difficult conversations easier? (有没有什么方法可以让困难的对话变得更容易)”符合语境，寻求让对话变得容易的方法，承前启后，其中的conversations和前文的tell呼应。故选B。 37. 前文“Evidence that can be agreed upon makes it easier for other people to recognize issues. (可以达成一致的证据使其他人更容易认识到问题)”解释需要什么样的证据，后文“Psychologist Andrea Bonior suggests framing problems with “I”. Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me” is less accusatory (谴责的) than “You never spend time with me!” and is focused more clearly on the impact. (心理学家Andrea Bonior建议用“我”来定义问题。说“和我在一起的时间少了，我觉得很受伤”比说“你从来不和我在一起！”谴责的意味更少，并更清楚地关注其影响)”具体说明如何更好地表述这些证据，因此E项“Once you have proof, it’s important to highlight how it impacts us and others. (一旦你有了证据，重要的是要强调它如何影响我们和其他人)”符合语境，指出表述证据时需要注意的事项，承前启后，其中的proof和前文的Evidence呼应。故选E。 38. 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Becoming tense might lead you to react badly and cause an argument. Bonior recommends that you should acknowledge the conversation could make you anxious. If you think about this yourself, it can help you focus on positive results. (变得紧张可能会导致你做出糟糕的反应，引发争吵。Bonior建议你应该承认谈话可能会让你焦虑。如果你自己思考这个问题，它可以帮助你专注于积极的结果)”可知，本段主要建议在谈话时避免紧张，以及给出如何避免紧张的方法，因此A项“Staying calm is vital. (保持冷静至关重要)”符合语境，点明要保持冷静，契合后文内容，其中的calm和后文的tense相对。故选A。 39. 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Many experts recommend planning your words so that you can say things in a way that avoids conflict. However, Bonior cautions against overplanning, as this can stop you from being flexible enough to genuinely follow and participate in the discussion. (许多专家建议你计划措辞，这样你就可以用一种避免冲突的方式说话。然而，Bonior警告不要过度计划，因为这可能会阻止你足够灵活地真正跟随和参与讨论)”可知，本段主要建议避免过度计划，而要灵活地跟随和参与讨论，因此G项“We can lower the potential for conflict by listening to the other person and asking questions. (我们可以通过倾听他人并提出问题来降低发生冲突的可能性)”符合语境，点明应倾听他人并提出问题，契合后文内容，其中的listening to the other person和后文的follow呼应。故选G。 40. 前文“Complicated problems are unlikely to be solved with one conversation. Consider what is possible in one discussion and that it may be harder than you initially thought. (复杂的问题不可能一次谈话就能解决。考虑一下在一次讨论中什么是可能的，它可能比你最初想象的要困难)”指出一次谈话就解决问题是不现实的，建议只考虑一次谈话中可能的事情，因此D项“This will help you to set realistic goals for what you can achieve. (这将帮助你为你能达到的目标设定现实的目标)”符合语境，解释这样做的好处，承接前文，其中的This指代前一句的内容。故选D。 第II卷（非选择题） 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As an artist, I am constantly struck by the profound impact that art can have on people’s lives. Recently, I have had an experience that 41 the great power of human connection. One day, as I was 42 my stand at an outdoor show, a young mother and her daughter caught my attention. The young girl was 43 fascinated by one of my earlier works, “The Children’s Spirit.” The piece 44 a young girl holding both of her hands up, 45 a butterfly. The work was mostly red in color, with one side dark and sad, and the other bright and 46 . As they explored my artwork, the mother began to tell me the little girl’s story. The child used to be an orphan who had experienced a lot of 47 during childhood, but had finally found a new 48 who cherished and raised her. The mother was moved by the piece and decided to buy a 49 of it. However, as she was leaving, she turned back and said, “I really want the original painting. But I need to 50 on it tonight.” Finally she came the next morning and quickly paid for the original and take it home with a huge smile. As an artist, I drew inspiration from my own experiences, emotions, and observations, creating pieces that are very 51 to me. But I am never quite sure how they will be 52 by others. This encounter reminds me of the 53 bond art fosters. Each of the 54 emphasizes its ability to touch hearts, bridge gaps, and bring comfort. It showcases the timeless impact of art to unite and 55 us all. 41. A. denied B. highlighted C. decreased D. transformed 42. A. adjusting to B. appealing to C. setting up D. wiping out 43. A. mildly B. barely C. apparently D. potentially 44. A. represented B. exposed C. predicted D. clarified 45. A. comforting B. bothering C. releasing D. casting 46. A. vivid B. cheerful C. exceptional D. abstract 47. A. growth B. hardships C. changes D. adventures 48. A. organization B. school C. team D. family 49. A. copy B. part C. photograph D. draft 50. A. sleep B. insist C. depend D. thunder 51. A. dramatic B. logical C. personal D. practical 52. A. crafted B. grasped C. processed D. interpreted 53. A. spiritual B. ideal C. fundamental D. conventional 54. A. perception B. interaction C. application D. interruption 55. A. separate B. devote C. uplift D. defend 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为艺术家在户外展览会上与一位年轻母亲和女儿相遇的经历，展示了艺术对人们生活的深远影响以及人与人之间通过艺术建立起的联系。 41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我有了一次经历，这突显了艺术促进人与人之间联系的巨大力量。A. denied否认；B. highlighted强调、突显；C. decreased减少；D. transformed改变、转换。根据上文“As an artist, I am constantly struck by the profound impact that art can have on people’s lives.”可知，作者认为艺术对人们有很大的影响，由此可知，作者最近的经历突显了艺术的巨大力量。故选B。 42. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一天，当我在一个户外展览上摆好摊位时，一位年轻的母亲和她的女儿引起了我的注意。A. adjusting to适应；B. appealing to呼吁、对……产生吸引力；C. setting up建立，搭建；D. wiping out消灭。根据下文“Finally she came the next morning and quickly paid for the original and take it home with a huge smile”可知，作者是在展览上摆摊卖画。故选C。 43. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩显然被我早期的作品《儿童的精神》迷住了。A. mildly柔和地；B. barely几乎不、勉强；C. apparently表明上、显然；D. potentially潜在地。根据下文“As they explored my artwork, the mother began to tell me the little girl’s story.”可知，这对母女是在仔细观看这幅画，由此可知，俩人在作者的画前驻足，所以小女孩是很明显被作者的作品吸引了。故选C。 44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅画描绘了一个年轻女孩举起双手，放飞一只蝴蝶。A. represented代表、描述；B. exposed揭露、使暴露；C. predicted预测；D. clarified澄清、阐明。根据空后的“a young girl holding both of her hands up,  ___45___  a butterfly.”可知，空后描述的事画的内容。故选A。 45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅画描绘了一个年轻女孩举起双手，放飞一只蝴蝶。A. comforting安慰；B. bothering烦恼；使不安；C. releasing释放；D. casting投掷、投射。根据空前的“a young girl holding both of her hands up”可知，女孩举起了双手，由此可推测，她是放飞了一只蝴蝶。故选C。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这幅画以红色为主，一侧呈现出黑暗和悲伤，而另一侧则散发着明亮和欢乐。A. vivid生动的；B. cheerful高兴的；C. exceptional例外的；D. abstract抽象的。根据上文“with one side dark and sad”以及空前的形容词“bright”可知，空处和上文的“sad”意思相反。故选B。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个孩子曾经是一个孤儿，在童年时期经历了许多艰难困苦，但最终找到了一个爱护并抚养她的新家庭。A. growth成长；B. hardships艰难困苦；C. changes改变；D. adventures冒险。根据上文的“The child used to be an orphan”以及下文的“cherished and raised her”可知，这个女孩的童年时期充满了艰难困苦。故选B。 48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个孩子曾经是一个孤儿，在童年时期经历了许多艰难困苦，但最终找到了一个爱护并抚养她的新家庭。A. organization组织；B. school学校；C. team团队；D. family家庭。根据空后的“who cherished and raised her.”以及上文所提及的这个女孩曾经是个孤儿可推测，女孩后来被一个新家庭所收养。故选D。 49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：深受《儿童的精神》这幅画感动的母亲决定购买一幅复制品。A. copy复制品；B. part部分、零件；C. photograph照片；D. draft草稿、草图。根据下文“However, as she was leaving, she turned back and said, “I really want the original painting. But I need to ___50___ on it tonight.””可知，母亲非常喜欢这幅画，想考虑一下是否购买原作，由此可知，母亲一开始买下的是复制品。故选A。 50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，就在她们即将离开时，她回过头来说：“我真的很想要原作。但我今晚需要好好考虑一下。”A. sleep睡觉；B. insist坚持；C. depend依赖；D. thunder打雷、大声喊出。根据下文“Finally she came the next morning and quickly paid for the original and take it home with a huge smile.”可知，这位母亲次日又来购买了原作。由此可知，她是回去再考虑一下。考查短语：sleep on，意为“延期解决, 推延到第二天解决”，符合句意。故选A。 51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名艺术家，我从自己的经历、情感和观察中汲取灵感，创作出对我个人来说意义深远的作品。A. dramatic戏剧性的、引人注目的；B. logical逻辑上的；C. personal个人的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“As an artist, I drew inspiration from my own experiences, emotions, and observations”可判断，作者的作品有个人的特色。故选C。 52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我从来都不太确定别人会如何解读它们。A. crafted手工制作；B. grasped抓住；C. processed加工处理、前进；D. interpreted口译、解读。根据上文可知，作者的作品拥有极强的个人特色，由此可知，作者并不知道别人如何解读自己的作品。故选D。 53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次相遇让我意识到艺术所培养的精神联系。A. spiritual精神的；B. ideal理想的；C. fundamental基本的、根本的；D. conventional传统的。根据上文“But I am never quite sure how they will be ___52___ by others.”以及上文作者所说的自己作品是自己的感受的反应可以推测，作者认为艺术是作者和外界的精神联系。故选A。 54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一次互动都强调艺术触动人心、弥合差异和带来慰藉的能力。A. perception观念、洞察力；B. interaction相互作用、互动；C. application运用、应用；D. interruption中断。根据上文的“This encounter reminds me of the ___53___ bond art fosters.”可知，艺术让作者和观众之间有了精神联系，这是一种互动。故选B。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它展示了艺术在团结和提升我们所有人方面的永恒影响。A. separate隔离；B. devote奉献；C. uplift鼓舞、提高；D. defend防护、辩护。根据上文“Each of the ___54___ emphasizes its ability to touch hearts, bridge gaps, and bring comfort.”可知，艺术能够使我们得到提升。故选C。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are certain things on the Earth that we must not lose. The great animal migration across the Serengeti Plains or the towering pyramids of Egypt are such examples. Every country is proud of 56 (it) cultural or natural heritage sites, all of 57 must be protected. We are lucky to have UNESCO to oversee such 58 unique task. It sees heritage as our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass down 59 future generations as well as irreplaceable sources of inspiration. The incredible splendour of heritage sites is a   60 (remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man. As a nature reserve, Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to snow-capped mountains, thick forests, impressive waterfalls and lakes. This dream-like scenery makes us realize that nature has 61 (literal) created a masterpiece. Similarly, standing in the shadow of the Borobudur Temple, as the sun rises over this grand historic building, we 62 (impress) with the effort and determination of the people 63 (establish) it with only primitive tools. It is in heritage sites like this 64 we cannot help but be humbled, come to understand our limitations as human beings, and know that our duty is to protect them for generations 65 (come). 【答案】56. its 57. which 58. a 59. to 60. reminder 61. literally 62. are impressed 63. establishing 64. that 65. to come 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了文化遗产的重要性以及保护文化遗产的意义。 56. 考查代词。句意：每个国家都为自己的文化或自然遗产感到自豪，所有这些都必须得到保护。修饰名词sites应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 57. 考查定语从句。句意：每个国家都为自己的文化或自然遗产感到自豪，所有这些都必须得到保护。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词cultural or natural heritage sites，作介词的宾语，指物，应用which。故填which。 58. 考查冠词。句意：我们很幸运有联合国教科文组织来监督这项独特的任务。task是可数名词单数，此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应填a。故填a。 59. 考查固定短语。句意：它认为遗产是我们过去的遗赠物，我们今天生活的东西，我们传给后代的东西，以及不可替代的灵感来源。短语pass down to表示“传给……”。故填to。 60. 考查名词。句意：遗产遗址令人难以置信的辉煌提醒着人们大自然的力量和人类的天才。作表语，结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词reminder。故填reminder。 61. 考查副词。句意：这梦幻般的景色让我们意识到大自然确实创造了一件杰作。修饰动词create应用副词literally，故填literally。 62. 考查固定短语。句意：同样，站在婆罗浮屠寺的阴影下，当太阳从这座宏伟的历史建筑上升起时，我们对人们用原始工具建造它的努力和决心印象深刻。短语be impressed with表示“对……印象深刻”，根据上文rises可知为一般现在时，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填are impressed。 63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样，站在婆罗浮屠寺的阴影下，当太阳从这座宏伟的历史建筑上升起时，我们对人们用原始工具建造它的努力和决心印象深刻。此处作介词of的宾语，与名词people构成动名词的复合结构。故填establishing。 64. 考查强调句。句意：正是在这样的遗产遗址中，我们不禁感到谦卑，认识到我们作为人类的局限性，并知道我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句：it is +被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为in heritage sites like this，应用that。故填that。 65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：正是在这样的遗产遗址中，我们不禁感到谦卑，认识到我们作为人类的局限性，并知道我们的责任是为子孙后代保护它们。结合语境此处表示“未来的一代”应用不定式to come作后置定语。故填to come。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 假定你是学生会主席李华，暑期学生会将组织“丝绸之路”沿线国家考察活动。你校的英国交换生 David 想报名参加，写信向你询问相关情况，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括: 1. 活动时间; 2. 具体安排; 3. 报名方式。 注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, Knowing that you’re interested in participating in our summer exploration activity along the Silk Road, I am more than happy to provide you with the relevant information. Firstly, the activity is scheduled to take place from July 15th to July 25th. We will visit several countries along the Silk Road, including Kazakhstan and Turkey. The 10-day tour includes cultural heritage sites, historical landmarks, and local experiences. To register for the activity, you need to fill out the application form, which can be obtained from the Student Council. The completed form should be submitted along with a photocopy of your passport by June 20th. If you have any other questions, you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。暑期学生会将组织“丝绸之路”沿线国家考察活动。考生所在校的英国交换生 David 想报名参加，写信向你询问相关情况，请你用英文给他回复。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：take part in→participate in 快乐的：happy→pleased 提供：provide→offer 获得：obtain→gain 2.句式拓展：合并句子 原句：Firstly, the activity is scheduled to take place from July 15th to July 25th. We will visit several countries along the Silk Road, including Kazakhstan and Turkey. 拓展句：Firstly, the activity is scheduled to take place from July 15th to July 25th, when we will visit several countries along the Silk Road, including Kazakhstan and Turkey. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To register for the activity, you need to fill out the application form, which can be obtained from the Student Council.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Knowing that you’re interested in participating in our summer exploration activity along the Silk Road, I am more than happy to provide you with the relevant information.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would have been a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory (配饰) into a life lesson I carry with me today. My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room, a car for your birthday, a lavish sweet 16 party.” We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced. It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed — and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew — I knew — I had to have it. “It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her, “What a neat basket.” I tried to hold off at first, and I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t pretend to ignore it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that basket. I love that basket.” I was desperate. “You know,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever. “If you save up you could buy this yourself.” “By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!” “Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy. “Mom. Someone else will buy it.” “There might be another way,” she said. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My mother bought the beautiful basket but hid it, and I was determined to make enough money.              ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ However, the unthinkable happened — a neighborhood girl appeared with the exact same basket.                ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My mother bought the beautiful basket but hid it, and I was determined to make enough money. Every day after school, I took on more chores than I had ever done before. I mowed lawns, walked dogs for neighbors, and even helped my dad with some of his paperwork. Each task brought me a little closer to my goal, and I kept a meticulous record of every penny I earned. My mom watched my efforts, occasionally giving me advice on saving and managing my earnings. It was a lesson in patience and perseverance. However, the unthinkable happened — a neighborhood girl appeared with the exact same basket. I was very disappointed. But my mother asked me to follow her to the garage. There, hidden behind some old paint cans, was another shiny, white plastic bike basket decorated with flowers. “I bought it the day we went to the shop,” she revealed. “I wanted to teach you the value of hard work and saving. But I also couldn’t stand to see you disappointed if it had been sold to someone else.” Seeing the basket, now truly earned, filled me with a sense of pride and accomplishment. 【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的母亲在抚养孩子时很严格，尤其是在管理家庭预算和教导孩子独立、节俭方面很有自己的想法，当作者被自行车店的白色塑料篮子深深吸引，并请求母亲购买时，母亲却教导他通过自己的努力赚取零用钱来购买这个篮子。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“妈妈买了这个漂亮的篮子，但把它藏了起来，我决心要赚足够的钱。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何努力赚钱。 ②由第二段首句内容“然而，不可思议的事情发生了——邻居家的一个女孩拿着一模一样的篮子出现了。”可知，第二段可描写作者看到另一个女孩拿着那个篮子时的感受和妈妈的反应以及妈妈的教诲。 2.续写线索：努力赚钱——记录——妈妈给建议——作者失望——妈妈带作者去看自行车篮子——妈妈说出真相——作者的感受 3.词汇激活 行为类：①从事：take on/be engaged in ②提建议：give sb. advice/offer sb. suggestion ③揭示：reveal/disclose 情绪类：①失望：disappointed/despondent ②自豪：fill sb. with a sense of pride/make sb. be proud of oneself 【点睛】[高分句型1] I bought it the day we went to the shop. (由the day引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] But I also couldn’t stand to see you disappointed if it had been sold to someone else. (由if引导的条件状语从句) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null