精品解析：江苏省扬州市高邮市2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

null 2023—2024学年第二学期高二级年级5月学情调研测试 英语试题 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do next? A. Have a meeting. B. Smoke a cigarette. C. Use the restroom. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you mind if I smoke here? The meeting will begin in 10 minutes. W: Of course not. I will go to the restroom first. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man look for next? A. His wallet. B. His phone. C. His keys. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you seen my keys, honey? M: I’m afraid not. I can’t find my cell phone and wallet either. W: Oh, I took your phone by mistake. But I’ve never seen your wallet. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the game start? A. In 60 minutes. B. In 50 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: What time does the game start? It’s already 5:00. W: At 6:00. We need to set off for the stadium in 10 minutes. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers probably? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Thanks for driving me to my house, Steve. How’s Diane doing? M: She’s just stayed home with the kids until they go to preschool. Have you talked to Mom? W: Yeah, I heard she’s become a bit ill. I’m going to check up on her later. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. In the street. B. At a bus stop. C. In the yellow building. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Can I help you, ma’am? W: Do you know where the bus stop is? M: Can you see the yellow building on our left? It’s just over there. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think of the movie? A. Discouraging. B. Unforgettable. C. Educational. 7. What will the man do alone? A. Watch a movie. B. Do his homework. C. Visit his grandparents. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Did you watch the movie Star Wars, Doris? W: No. But that sounds really impressive. M: Yeah it does. W: So how about coming with me and Jack on Saturday? M: I can’t make it this weekend. I promised my parents I’d go with them to visit my grandparents. W: That’s a pity. M: You know, I wouldn’t mind watching it myself. Well, have fun and tell me if you like it. W: OK. Well, I have to go. Homework is waiting for me. And I’ll have a test on Monday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people speak English as a second language around the world? A. Over 1 billion. B. Over 400 million. C. Over 600 million. 9. What does the woman ask people to do? A. Learn from a textbook. B. Add new challenges. C. Find creative ways to learn. 【答案】8. C 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: English is spoken throughout the world. More than 400million people speak English as their native tongue, and more than 600 million speak it as a second language. English can be useful in traveling, business and everyday life. Learning English can be challenging, but it can also be fun and entertaining. Don’t bury your nose in a textbook! Find creative ways to learn English and add another language to your skill set! M: What are you doing, Barbara? W: I’m reading an ad for an English-learning club. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To seek a solution. B. To ask for permission. C. To buy an air conditioner. 11. What problem is bothering the staff in the office? A. Computers don’t work. B. The workload is heavy. C. The heat is unbearable. 12. What will the man do in the afternoon? A. Go to the doctor. B. Meet the woman again. C. Have some rest. 【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, Mr Leeds. The heat wave is forecast to last longer and the air conditioning system on our floor is still not repaired. The temperature these days is 35degrees Celsius and it gets even hotter in the afternoon. The computers and the other equipment also produce a lot of heat in the office. M: Yes, Mandy. I have been aware of that. I’m suffering as well. I suppose we will have to bear it a bit longer. W: Sir, I came to you in the name of all our colleagues. We can’t stand this any longer. M: Are you saying that you refuse to work? W: Unless there are some solutions, I’m afraid so. M: You can’t stop the work. I have significantly reduced the workload for everyone already. W: We understand it. However, we are experiencing terrible headaches and breathing difficulties. Clearly, that affects our work performance a lot. M: Fine. Come again to my office at 1:00 p.m. I’ll try to figure something out. W: Thank you, sir. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13 Who are the speakers probably? A. Farmers. B. Students. C. Historians. 14. Why does the woman start this conversation with Martin? A. She hopes to learn how to write a paper. B. She tries to help the man with his paper. C. She wants to find a topic for her research. 15 When were bananas first brought to Australia? A. In 1839. B. In 1856. C. In 1826. 16. What do we know about Australian bananas? A. They were introduced to China from Australia. B. They are mainly grown for the domestic market. C. They were the first plant to be planted in England. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Martin. How are you going with your Australian studies research paper? M: Oh, good. I have finished it actually. W: Lucky you. I’m still trying to find an interesting topic. M: Well… after some consideration I decided to look at the history of banana growing in Australia. W: Fascinating, I’m sure. M: Well. I bet there are a few things you didn’t know about bananas, such as the fact that bananas were the first plants ever to be grown. W: So where were these bananas first grown? M: According to my research, the Cavendish banana, which is the first type to be cultivated here, actually originated in China but it had a fairly roundabout route before it went to Australia. W: You mean they didn’t go straight from China to Australia? M: No, they didn’t. It seems that in 1826, bananas were taken from South China to England. Thirty years later, they were brought here in Australia. W: It sounds quite interesting. But are they hard to grow? M: If you plant them in rich soil and give them plenty of water at the beginning of summer, they should be well advanced by the beginning of winter. W: So do we export lots of bananas overseas? M: Well, strangely enough, no. They are most grown for the domestic market, which is surprising when you think that we grow an enormous number of bananas each year. W: Yes, thank you for all that information. I’m sure your paper will go really well. M: Let’s hope so. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What can be a challenge of body cameras? A. The type of equipment. B. Storage methods. C. Downloading fee. 18. Who mainly use the body camera now? A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Officers. 19. Where can the camera be put? A. On head. B. In the middle of the chest. C. In hand. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. The uniqueness of body cameras. B. The plan to replace body cameras. C. The use of body cameras in Houston. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Houston Chief of Police Charles McClelland supports the use of body cameras, but he said they also present problems. “The type of equipment, the placement of equipment, the downloading time, and storage space, all of those are significant challenges.” For the past two years, the Houston Police Department has experimented with cameras, using about 100 of them on officers each day. But McClelland said deploying cameras on a few thousand officers and then managing all the video they produce will cost a lot of money. And those videos can only show a limited perspective of any incident. The body cameras used by police usually offer a wide-angle view of what is in front of the lens, much like the small consumer cameras. Chief McClelland says “That view leaves a lot out. An officer may turn his or her head and see something, but the video camera that is in the middle of their chest is pointing straight ahead. ” Most officers who have worn the cameras, here and in other cities, are very much in favor of them. But they also represent a continuing financial burden for police as cameras become obsolete every few years and must be replaced by newer, better ones. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分;满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A To mark International Women’s Day, we asked Dezeen Awards judges to nominate (提名) a woman in architecture and design who should have greater recognition. Shefali Balwani Nominated by Kamna Malik “Shefali Balwani is an Indian architect. Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the traditional definitions of architecture and design. Whenever I look at her work, I see mindfulness on so many levels, whether it is through the use of materials or the sensitivity shown towards the surroundings. ” Oana Stǎnescu Nominated by Ingrid Moye “Having met Oana Stǎnescu many years ago while working at SANAA in Tokyo, we have not only been following each other’s path but also become friends. I admire Oana’s curious perspective (视角) through which she observes the world. Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer. ” Tatu Gatere Nominated by Stella Mutegi “Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher—an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya. The skills that these women are empowered with at Buildher make a big impact on every aspect of their daily lives.” Jessica Smulders Cohen Nominated by Katie Treggiden “Having studied sustainable design at Kingston University, Jessica Smulders Cohen decided not to become a designer or a maker, but instead to become a repair specialist. Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair—it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet. ” 21. What do Balwani and Stǎnescu have in common? A. Writing a lot of books. B. Working for SANAA in Tokyo. C. Being creative architects. D. Empowering construction workers. 22. Whose organization improves the lives of Kenyan women? A Shefali Balwani’s. B. Oana Stǎnescu’s. C. Tatu Gatere’s. D. Jessica Smulders Cohen’s. 23. Why does Treggiden nominate Cohen? A. She is good at designing and making. B. She contributes to a sustainable planet. C. She promotes equal rights between genders. D. She gets where she is through self-education. 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位建筑行业的女性。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Shefali Balwani部分中“Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the traditional definitions of architecture and design.(她的项目有一种超越传统建筑和设计定义的声音)”以及Oana Stǎnescu部分中“I admire Oana’s curious perspective (视角) through which she observes the world. Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer.(我钦佩Oana观察世界的好奇视角。她清新的声音不仅体现在她最初的建筑实践中，也体现在她作为学者、讲师和作家的工作中)”可知，两人都是有创意的建筑师。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tatu Gatere部分中“Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher—an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya. The skills that these women are empowered with at Buildher make a big impact on every aspect of their daily lives.( Tatu Gatere是buildher的联合创始人兼首席执行官，该组织旨在为女性提供建筑业所需的技能，在肯尼亚，建筑业是男性主导的。这些女性在Buildher获得的技能对她们日常生活的方方面面产生了巨大的影响)”可知，Tatu Gatere的组织改善了肯尼亚妇女的生活。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair—it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet.(杰西和她的工作应该得到更多的认可，因为我们整个行业需要放弃追求新鲜，而是优先考虑再利用和修复——这是我们实现循环未来的唯一希望，这将使我们的物种能够在这个星球上生活得更好)”可知，特雷吉登提名科恩是因为她为地球的可持续发展做出了贡献。故选B。 B In 2020, three months after his 100th birthday, Dorothy Wiggins’ husband, Guy, died. They had been married for 61 years. “Without him, I lived with great sadness,” she says. Soon Dorothy started making trips to New York City to figure out what to do next. One of her children, Noel, asked his journalist friend Michael Astor to film his mother’s day-to-day activities. “It might help take her mind off her loss,” he says. A few months into the process, Michael began posting the footage on Instagram and TikTok. A year on from going live as @dorothylovesnewyork, the 98-year-old Dorothy now has close to 100,000 followers on Instagram. While she doesn’t like the influencer lifestyle or check Michael’s posts, Dorothy does find joy in reading her fans’ comments and greeting them on the street. “I’m pleased that people are inspired by my longevity and attitude,” she says. “I used to be a model and trained as an actress, so I don’t mind people seeing me or Michael filming me.” Yet, one post from the past year does stand out for her. “Nine million people watched my tennis serve and that excited me because tennis players are really interested in the game,” she says. “Women’s champion Chrissie Evert even commented on it! I’ll never stop playing.” Although she and Michael film most days, Dorothy’s life is not largely impacted by her social media fandom. In fact, the greatest effect of Dorothy’s social media stardom has been on her fans who are moved by her sense of energy and enthusiasm. Three years on from Guy’s death, Dorothy’s sadness has not gone away, but she has learned to live with it. “We had a magical life and it wasn’t enough for me,” she says. “But life carries on, and it is never too late to keep up with the times and try something new. ” 24. Why did Noel ask Michael to film Dorothy? A. To honor her husband. B. To celebrate her birthday. C. To make her less sad. D. To record her special trip. 25. What can we learn from Dorothy’s reaction after becoming an influencer? A. She is happy to read fan opinions. B. She is satisfied with her new role. C. She continues her modeling career. D. She actively follows Michael’s posts. 26. How has a particular post from last year impacted Dorothy? A. It has excited her interest in video games. B. It has encouraged her to keep playing tennis. C. It has reminded her to share more about her life. D. It has deepened her admiration for tennis players. 27. What can we infer about Dorothy from the last paragraph? A. She is more energetic than before. B. She feels regretful for her popularity. C. She enjoys the company of her followers. D. She has high hopes for the rest of her life. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了98岁的Dorothy Wiggins在丈夫去世后，在儿子的提议下，开始让朋友Michael拍摄她的日常生活并分享到社交媒体上。如今，她在Instagram上已有近10万粉丝，但她更享受与粉丝互动的乐趣。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of her children, Noel, asked his journalist friend Michael Astor to film his mother’s day-to-day activities. “It might help take her mind off her loss,” he says.(她的一个孩子诺埃尔请他的记者朋友迈克尔·阿斯特拍摄母亲的日常活动。他说：“这可能会让她忘记自己的伤感。”)”可知，诺埃尔让Michael拍Dorothy是为了让她不那么悲伤。故选C项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“While she doesn’t like the influencer lifestyle or check Michael’s posts, Dorothy does find joy in reading her fans’ comments and greeting them on the street.(虽然她不喜欢网红的生活方式，也不喜欢查看Michael的帖子，但Dorothy确实很喜欢阅读粉丝的评论，并在街上和他们打招呼)”可知，Dorothy成为网红后很乐意阅读粉丝的评论。故选A项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Yet, one post from the past year does stand out for her. “Nine million people watched my tennis serve and that excited me because tennis players are really interested in the game,” she says. “Women’s champion Chrissie Evert even commented on it! I’ll never stop playing.”(然而，去年她发布的一条帖子特别引人注目。“有九百万人观看了我的网球发球，这让我很兴奋，因为网球运动员们真的对这项运动很感兴趣，”她说。“女子冠军克里斯·埃弗特甚至对此进行了评论！我永远不会停止打球。”)”可知，去年的这条帖子激励着Dorothy继续打网球。故选B项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Three years on from Guy’s death, Dorothy’s sadness has not gone away, but she has learned to live with it. “We had a magical life and it wasn’t enough for me,” she says. “But life carries on, and it is never too late to keep up with the times and try something new. ”(从Guy去世后的三年里，Dorothy的悲伤并没有消失，但她已经学会了与之共处。“我们曾经拥有过神奇的生活，但这对我来说还不够，”她说。“但生活还在继续，与时俱进、尝试新事物永远不嫌晚。”)”可知，虽然Dorothy的悲伤并没有消失，但她已经学会了与之共处，对自己的余生有了很高的期望。故选D项。 C These students wandering through the woods on the outskirts (郊区) of Portland, Oregon, aren’t on a school field trip — this muddy field is their school. From the moment they’re dropped off in the morning, they spend their entire day outside in one of Oregon’s public parks. “Rain or shine, we’re out here,” said teacher Christine Fleener. On this surprisingly nice day, Fleener’s class of fifth graders headed to the grassland for a biology lesson. Further down the trail, a group of fourth graders is learning on logs. It’s school, just not the type of school you might be used to. “Forest school is where the classroom does not have walls,” said Tony Deis, one of the founders of Trackers Earth Forest School. “It’s how kids originally learned; they didn’t learn sitting at desks, facing forward, and looking at a teacher. They learned from a multi-sensory environment.” Over the past decade, outdoor forest schools have gained popularity in the United States. The idea is that the challenges that come with being outside all day — dealing with weather, building your own shelter, and unearthing the unexpected are all part of the learning process. It’s complicated, of course. Outdoor schooling involves a puzzle of weather and regulations and budget issues. A well-funded private school in Portland, Oregon is one thing, but what about a public school in Portland, Maine? Surprisingly, cold Maine, of all places, has been quick to adopt outdoor learning. The district isn’t all out side all the time, but certain classes, like art, have moved outdoors. Supplies came from federal (联邦的) funds and local donations. And while Maine has plenty of open space, Brooke Teller, the outdoor learning coordinator (协调人) for Portland Public Schools, believes schools in major cities could have green classrooms hiding underneath their pavement (路面). She said, “We have a few hundred landscape architects all across the country who have volunteered to be a thought partner with schools that want to figure out where on their grounds would be best for outdoor learning.” 28. What does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. The routine of a forest school. B. The popularity of public parks. C. An interesting school field trip. D. An unforgettable biology lesson. 29. What is the main philosophy behind the concept of forest schools? A. Kids learn by outdoor practice. B. Kids learn out of curiosity. C. Kids learn by challenging others. D. Kids learn by interacting with others. 30. What does Teller suggest schools that want to start outdoor education do? A. Start from certain classes. B. Work with landscape architects. C. Make use of their open space. D. Build green classrooms underground. 31. What can be the best title for the text? A. A new way of learning B. Benefits of learning outdoors C. Outdoor forest schools D. Outdoor education in Oregon 【答案】28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国的户外森林学校越来越受欢迎，解释了其教学理念以及存在的挑战。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“These students wandering through the woods on the outskirts (郊区) of Portland, Oregon, aren’t on a school field trip — this muddy field is their school. From the moment they’re dropped off in the morning, they spend their entire day outside in one of Oregon’s public parks. “Rain or shine, we’re out here,” said teacher Christine Fleener.(这些学生在俄勒冈州波特兰市郊区的树林里闲逛，他们不是在学校实地考察——这片泥泞的田野就是他们的学校。从早上下车的那一刻起，他们就会在俄勒冈州的一个公园里度过一整天。“无论晴雨，我们都在这里，”克里斯汀·弗莱纳老师说)”可知，作者在文章的开头描述了森林学校的日常生活。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s how kids originally learned; they didn’t learn sitting at desks, facing forward, and looking at a teacher. They learned from a multi-sensory environment.(这是孩子们最初的学习方式；他们不是坐在课桌前，面朝前，看着老师学习。他们从多感官环境中学习)”可知，森林学校概念背后的主要理念是孩子们通过户外实践来学习。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“She said, “We have a few hundred landscape architects all across the country who have volunteered to be a thought partner with schools that want to figure out where on their grounds would be best for outdoor learning.”(她说，“我们在全国各地有几百名景观设计师，他们自愿成为学校的思想伙伴，帮助学校找到户外学习的最佳场地。”)”可知，泰勒建议那些想开展户外教育的学校与景观设计师合作。故选B。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Over the past decade, outdoor forest schools have gained popularity in the United States. The idea is that the challenges that come with being outside all day — dealing with weather, building your own shelter, and unearthing the unexpected are all part of the learning process.(在过去的十年里，户外森林学校在美国越来越受欢迎。他们的想法是，整日在外的挑战——应对天气、建造自己的庇护所、发现意想不到的事情——都是学习过程的一部分)”结合文章主要说明了美国的户外森林学校越来越受欢迎，解释了其教学理念以及存在的挑战。可知，C选项“户外森林学校”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D The bank of Baisha Creek used to be concrete, but several years ago, work began to bring back wetlands here. Weeds now grow on the shallow bank and on islands in the river and insects sing in the trees. Yu Kongjian, the man behind the project, describes a similarly natural scene that existed here 50 years ago when, as a 10-year-old, he was nearly taken away by the water. “It was a huge flood. But I survived. You know why? Because I caught hold of the weeds, the reeds, along the riverbank,” he says. Yu has been working on a solution he calls “sponge (海绵) cities.” That is, urban landscapes that are softer and purposely designed to take in more water. In Yu’s words: “You are actually playing tai chi with nature, not boxing with nature.” Gareth Doherty, a professor from Harvard University, says the idea is completely new and different from traditional ones. “Because he’s pushing boundaries on what it is that landscape architects do,” he says. “He’s working with rain and environmental processes rather than against them.” One of Yu’s early projects was Yanweizhou Park in the city of Jinhua, in eastern Zhejiang Province. A flood wall at the joint of two rivers was failing to protect the area from annual floods. “So instead of building the flood wall higher and higher, I took away the concrete wall and brought back wetlands,” he says. Groundskeeper Sun Zheng’an says the park’s sponginess seemed to work this summer when a heavy rain hit. The river rose, covering low-lying parts of the park, and then went back to a normal level. “The water went quickly, and there wasn’t much pooling,” he says. Yu says he’ll continue to suggest his ideas to officials at home and abroad because many still don’t get it. “We still trust that concrete can solve the problem. We still trust that technology can solve the problem,” he says. And that way of thinking, he says — not the concrete — is the hardest thing to break. 32. Why did Yu share his survival story? A. To back up urban development. B. To teach methods of self-protection. C. To stress the importance of wetlands. D. To raise awareness of natural disasters. 33. What does Doherty say about Yu? A. Yu shows a talent for planning cities. B. Yu has won wide support from experts. C. Yu draws inspiration from regional geography. D. Yu is changing methods of dealing with floods. 34. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Yanweizhou Park? A. To review Yu’s projects over the years. B. To show an early application of Yu’s idea. C. To stress how Yu won the officials’ support. D. To compare Yu’s methods in different areas. 35. What does Yu expect of his sponge city idea? A. It’ll be tested in low-lying parks first. B. It’ll attract many famous foreign experts. C. It’ll win much more technical support. D. It’ll be widely understood and accepted. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了俞孔坚突破景观设计师的界限，通过与自然合作来改善环境。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The bank of Baisha Creek used to be concrete, but several years ago, work began to bring back wetlands here. (白沙溪的河岸曾经是混凝土的，但几年前，这里开始恢复湿地。)”和第二段“Yu Kongjian, the man behind the project, describes a similarly natural scene that existed here 50 years ago when, as a 10-year-old, he was nearly taken away by the water. “It was a huge flood. But I survived. You know why? Because I caught hold of the weeds, the reeds, along the riverbank,” he says. Yu has been working on a solution he calls “sponge (海绵) cities.” That is, urban landscapes that are softer and purposely designed to take in more water. In Yu’s words: “You are actually playing tai chi with nature, not boxing with nature.”(该项目的发起人俞孔坚描述了50年前这里存在的类似自然景观，当时他10岁，差点被水冲走。“那是一场巨大的洪水。但我活了下来。你知道为什么吗？因为我抓住了河边的杂草和芦苇，”他说。俞孔坚一直在研究一种他称之为“海绵城市”的解决方案。也就是说，城市景观更柔和，有意设计成能吸收更多的水。用俞孔坚的话说：“你实际上是在与自然打太极，而不是与自然拳击。”)”可知，俞孔坚因湿地活了下来，想建设此类城市景观，可得出俞孔坚分享他的生存故事是为了强调湿地的重要性。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Gareth Doherty, a professor from Harvard University, says the idea is completely new and different from traditional ones. “Because he’s pushing boundaries on what it is that landscape architects do,” he says. “He’s working with rain and environmental processes rather than against them.”(哈佛大学教授加雷斯·多尔蒂表示，这个想法是全新的，与传统的想法不同。“因为他正在突破景观设计师的界限，”他说。“他在与雨水和环境过程合作，而不是与之对抗。”)”可知，Doherty认为俞孔坚正在改变应对洪水的方法。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“One of Yu’s early projects was Yanweizhou Park in the city of Jinhua, in eastern Zhejiang Province. A flood wall at the joint of two rivers was failing to protect the area from annual floods. “So instead of building the flood wall higher and higher, I took away the concrete wall and brought back wetlands,” he says.(他早期的作品之一是位于浙江省东部金华市的燕尾洲公园。两河汇合处的防洪墙未能保护该地区免受每年的洪水侵袭。他说：“因此，我没有把防洪墙建得越来越高，而是把混凝土墙拿走，带回了湿地。”)”可知，作者提到燕尾洲公园的目的是展示俞孔坚的湿地想法的早期应用。故选B。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yu says he’ll continue to suggest his ideas to officials at home and abroad because many still don’t get it. “We still trust that concrete can solve the problem. We still trust that technology can solve the problem,” he says. And that way of thinking, he says — not the concrete — is the hardest thing to break.(俞孔坚说，他将继续向国内外官员提出他的想法，因为许多人仍然不明白。“我们仍然相信混凝土可以解决问题。我们仍然相信技术可以解决这个问题。”他说，这种思维方式——而不是混凝土——是最难打破的东西)”可知，虽然人们认为混凝土可以解决问题的这种思维方式最难打破，但俞孔坚会不停努力让他人理解自己的海绵城市想法，期待海绵城市被广泛理解和接受。故选D。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Although you can’t control what packaging other people use, you can make choices about what you order. Here are tips for reducing the environmental impact caused by consumption. ____36____. A great way to minimize packaging at home is to avoid impulse (冲动) shopping, which usually results in lots of packages being sent to your door. One way to avoid this is to make a list of items you need throughout the week or month. ____37____. That way, all your items can be shipped at one time and in one box. Shop locally and second-hand. Buying locally and transporting goods with a reusable bag means removing any extra packaging arriving in your home. ____38____. You can search for things you want that other people no longer need on social media, and help keep items from ending up in landfills. Choose durable (耐用的) goods. ____39____. One package arriving at your house is much more eco-friendly than the multiple packages required when you buy something made from cheap materials that can only be used once or will easily break and then need to be replaced. Consider versatility (多功能性). Buying products that can be used in a variety of ways can also reduce the amount of packaging. For example, a bag that can be used as a laptop carrier for work and a day pack for urban or outdoor exploring requires only one purchase. ____40____. A. Buy expensive things B. Plan ahead for shopping C. You can choose brands that use eco-friendly materials D. Buying used things is even better for the environment E. You can also try online shopping in one place if possible F. Purchase things that are built to last if you must buy something new G. And a bonus is that such items save you money and space in your home 【答案】36. B 37. E 38. D 39. F 40. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给出了一些减少消费对环境影响的建议。 【36题详解】 根据后文“A great way to minimize packaging at home is to avoid impulse (冲动) shopping, which usually results in lots of packages being sent to your door. One way to avoid this is to make a list of items you need throughout the week or month.(在家里尽量减少包装的一个好方法是避免冲动购物，因为冲动购物通常会导致很多包裹被送到你家门口。避免这种情况的一种方法是列出一周或一个月所需的物品清单)”可知，后文建议列出购物清单，即做好购物计划。故B选项“提前计划购物”符合语境，故选B。 【37题详解】 根据后文“That way, all your items can be shipped at one time and in one box.(这样，你所有的物品就可以一次装在一个盒子里运走)”可知，后文提到所有的物品就可以一次装在一个盒子里运走，推测本句是在说明能够让东西一次性运走的条件是在同一个地方购物。故E选项“如果可能的话，你也可以尝试在一个地方购物”符合语境，故选E。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Shop locally and second-hand. Buying locally and transporting goods with a reusable bag means removing any extra packaging arriving in your home.(购买当地的二手商品。在当地购买商品，用可重复使用的袋子运输货物，这意味着去除任何额外的包装，到达你的家)”以及后文“You can search for things you want that other people no longer need on social media, and help keep items from ending up in landfills.(你可以在社交媒体上搜索别人不再需要的你想要的东西，并帮助防止这些东西最终被扔进垃圾填埋场)”可知，后文提到了搜索别人不再需要的东西，推测本句是在建议购买二手物品。故D选项“购买二手物品对环境更有利”符合语境，故选D。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Choose durable (耐用的) goods.(选择耐用商品)”以及后文“One package arriving at your house is much more eco-friendly than the multiple packages required when you buy something made from cheap materials that can only be used once or will easily break and then need to be replaced.(当你买的东西是由只能使用一次或很容易损坏，然后需要更换的廉价材料制成时，一个包裹送到你家比多个包裹要环保得多)”可知，本段的建议是购买耐用的商品，后文给出了理由，F选项中things that are built to last对应上文durable (耐用的) goods。故F选项“如果你一定要买新东西，就买耐用的东西”符合语境，故选F。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Consider versatility (多功能性). Buying products that can be used in a variety of ways can also reduce the amount of packaging. For example, a bag that can be used as a laptop carrier for work and a day pack for urban or outdoor exploring requires only one purchase.(考虑多功能性。购买可以多种用途的产品也可以减少包装的数量。例如，一个可以作为笔记本电脑的工作包和一个城市或户外探险的日包只需要一次购买)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，补充说明购买多功能性商品的好处。故G选项“还有一个好处就是这些东西可以节省你的钱和家里的空间”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共二节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was walking back from class when I gave my first compliment (赞美) to a stranger. “I really ____41____ that sundress!” Although she seemed to be in a ____42____ , she suddenly stopped what she was doing, smiling ____43____, and said, “Thank you!” After a few moments of small talk, I walked away, feeling ____44____. According to studies, receiving a compliment has psychological benefits, which the woman certainly ____45____. But what made me feel satisfied too? To confirm whether giving compliments has a similar positive effect on the ____46____, I decided to compliment strangers for one week. At a drive-through restaurant, I was ____47____ by the employee’s friendliness and cheerfulness. “You are so ____48____!” I said as I was about to ____49____. She told me to wait and returned with a delicious cake. At a ____50____, two children waved in my direction, and I returned their ____51____. I complimented their mother on their ____52____ . “Thank you” she responded warmly and then offered some valuable advice on my medicine. I received a lot during the ____53____. Besides social connections, I got warm smiles, a free cake, helpful medical advice, and other ____54____. At the end of the experiment, I got the simple ____55____: It was people’s positive response that made me feel good, too. 41. A. recommend B. love C. know D. rediscover 42. A. direction B. position C. mess D. hurry 43. A. happily B. weakly C. embarrassedly D. enthusiastically 44. A. astonished B. confused C. relaxed D. satisfied 45. A. enjoyed B. ignored C. recognized D. suspected 46. A. examiner B. praise-giver C. hard-worker D. competitor 47. A. interrupted B. convinced C. discouraged D. impressed 48. A. busy B. honest C. positive D. humorous 49. A. drive off B. step in C. show off D. check in 50. A. school B. drugstore C. supermarket D. station 51. A. comfort B. greeting C. devotion D. patience 52. A. determination B. curiosity C. politeness D. brilliance 53. A. experiment B. ceremony C. celebration D. performance 54. A. problems B. requirements C. rewards D. expectations 55. A. mission B. observation C. suggestion D. conclusion 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过给予陌生人赞美，证实了给予赞美可以给他人和自身带来满足感。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很喜欢那件背心裙!”A. recommend推荐；B. love爱，喜爱；C. know知道；D. rediscover再发现。根据上文“I was walking back from class when I gave my first compliment to a stranger.(我在回家的路上第一次称赞了一个陌生人)”可知，作者称赞了对方的背心裙，即“我真的很喜欢那件背心裙!”。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她看起来很匆忙，但她突然停止了正在做的事情，开心地笑着说：“谢谢你!”A. direction方向；B. position位置；C. mess混乱；D. hurry急忙。根据后文“she suddenly stopped what she was doing”可知，对方在做事，看起来很匆忙，短语be in a hurry表示“匆忙”。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然她看起来很匆忙，但她突然停止了正在做的事情，开心地笑着说：“谢谢你!”A. happily快乐地；B. weakly虚弱地；C. embarrassedly尴尬地；D. enthusiastically热情地。根据上文“smiling”可知，得到称赞，对方很开心。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过几分钟的闲聊，我走开了，感到很满意。A. astonished惊讶的；B. confused困惑的；C. relaxed放松的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后文“But what made me feel satisfied too?(但是是什么让我感到满足呢？)”指作者感到满足。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据研究，接受赞美有心理上的好处，女人当然喜欢。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. ignored忽视；C. recognized认出；D. suspected怀疑。根据上文“receiving a compliment has psychological benefits, which the woman certainly”指女性喜欢接受赞美。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了证实赞美是否对给予赞美者也有类似的积极影响，我决定用一周的时间来赞美陌生人。A. examiner考官；B. praise-giver给予赞美的人；C. hard-worker努力工作的人；D. competitor对手。根据后文“I decided to compliment strangers for one week.”可知，作者赞美陌生人，即是为了验证赞美是否对给予赞美者也有类似的积极影响，故选B。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一家免下车餐厅，我对员工的友好和愉快印象深刻。A. interrupted中断的；B. convinced信服的；C. discouraged泄气的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据后文“by the employee’s friendliness and cheerfulness”可知，作者对员工的友好和愉快印象深刻，也对应后文作者称赞了对方。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你太积极了!”我说，当我要开车离开时。A. busy忙碌的；B. honest诚实的；C. positive积极的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“the employee’s friendliness and cheerfulness”可知，员工友好和愉快，是积极的情感。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你太积极了!”我说，当我要开车离开时。A. drive off开车离开，赶走；B. step in介入；C. show off炫耀；D. check in入住。根据上文“At a drive-through restaurant”指作者买完东西要开车离开餐厅。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一家药店，两个孩子向我招手，我也向他们致意。A. school学校；B. drugstore药店；C. supermarket超市；D. station车站。根据后文“offered some valuable advice on my medicine”可知，作者来到了药店。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一家药店，两个孩子向我招手，我也向他们致意。A. comfort安慰；B. greeting问候；C. devotion奉献；D. patience耐心。根据上文“two children waved in my direction, and I returned their”可知，两个孩子和作者打招呼，作者也向他们致意。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我称赞他们的母亲彬彬有礼。A. determination决心；B. curiosity好奇心；C. politeness礼貌；D. brilliance才华。根据后文“Thank you”可知，母亲讲礼貌，彬彬有礼。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在实验中收获了很多。A. experiment实验；B. ceremony仪式；C. celebration庆祝；D. performance表现。根据后文“At the end of the experiment”可知，这是作者进行的一次实验。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了社会关系，我得到了温暖的微笑，一个免费的蛋糕，有用的医疗建议，和其他的奖励。A. problems问题；B. requirements要求；C. rewards奖励；D. expectations期待。根据上文“I got warm smiles, a free cake, helpful medical advice, and other”可知，作者得到了温暖的微笑，一个免费的蛋糕，有用的医疗建议，和其他的奖励。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：实验结束时，我得到了一个简单的结论：人们的积极反应也让我感觉很好。A. mission任务；B. observation观察；C. suggestion建议；D. conclusion结论。后文“It was people’s positive response that made me feel good, too.(人们的积极回应也让我感觉很好)”是作者实验得出的结论。故选D。 第二节 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese movie industry has made impressive achievements both _____56_____ terms of hardware and software after years of development. Coupled with the country’s increasing support for the film industry, this rapid development _____57_____ (lead) to not only the flourishing (繁荣) of all kinds of films, but also the flourishing of cinema as a culture over the years. Both hardware _____58_____ (facility) and software storage have improved, _____59_____ (enable) the Chinese film market to become less dependent on foreign film culture _____60_____ gradually adapt to its own economic and cultural systems. With the _____61_____ (combine) of film culture with human life in recent years, Chinese films have begun to pay more attention to the humanistic pursuit of realism and diverse creative styles. Under conditions of _____62_____ (advance) information sharing, ordinary people use various media to find valuable information _____63_____ (enhance) their understanding. For example, image media and its understandable audio-visual (视听的) language are _____64_____ (ready) accepted by audiences. This broadens the role of cinema beyond its simple entertainment value. Therefore, film, as ______65______ medium of art, has an important influence on helping society establish mainstream value judgments and moral principles. 【答案】56. in 57. has led 58. facilities 59. enabling 60. and 61. combination 62. advanced 63. to enhance 64. readily 65. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的电影产业发展情况。 【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：经过多年的发展，中国电影产业在硬件和软件方面都取得了令人瞩目的成就。短语in terms of表示“在……方面”。故填in。 【57题详解】 考查时态。句意：再加上国家对电影产业越来越多的支持，这种快速的发展不仅导致了各类电影的蓬勃发展，而且多年来电影作为一种文化也蓬勃发展。根据后文over the years可知，谓语动词短语lead to为现在完成时，主语为development，助动词用has。故填has led。 【58题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：硬件设施和软件存储都得到了改善，使中国电影市场对外国电影文化的依赖程度降低，并逐渐适应自己的经济文化体系。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一，可数名词facility应用复数形式。故填facilities。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：硬件设施和软件存储都得到了改善，使中国电影市场对外国电影文化的依赖程度降低，并逐渐适应自己的经济文化体系。该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，enable用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填enabling。 【60题详解】 考查连词。句意：硬件设施和软件存储都得到了改善，使中国电影市场对外国电影文化的依赖程度降低，并逐渐适应自己的经济文化体系。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，用表并列的并列连词and。故填and。 【61题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着近年来电影文化与人类生活的结合，中国电影开始更加注重现实主义的人文追求和多样化的创作风格。短语the combination of表示“……的结合”。故填combination。 【62题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在先进的信息共享条件下，普通人利用各种媒体来寻找有价值的信息，以增进他们的了解。修饰information sharing应用形容词advanced作定语。故填advanced。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在先进的信息共享条件下，普通人利用各种媒体来寻找有价值的信息，以增进他们的了解。此处enhance在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to enhance。 【64题详解】 考查副词。句意：例如，图像媒体及其可理解的视听语言容易为观众所接受。修饰动词accept应用副词readily作状语，故填readily。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，电影作为一种艺术媒介，在帮助社会建立主流价值判断和道德准则方面有着重要的影响。此处泛指一种媒介，且medium是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，报名参加学校“Protect the endangered heritage”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括： 1. 面临的现状； 2. 保护的意义； 3. 具体的措施。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右，文章标题和首尾句已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Protect the endangered heritage Ladies and Gentlemen! Today, I stand before you to address a pressing issue: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you. 【答案】范文 Protect the endangered heritage Ladies and Gentlemen, Today, I stand before you to address a pressing issue: the protection of our endangered heritage. Our cultural heritage is under attack from neglect, urbanization, and climate change, leading to irreversible losses. The significance of preserving these heritages of our past is profound. They are not just stones and relics but also a reflection of our ancestors’ wisdom. Here are some concrete steps we can take. Firstly, promote sustainable tourism that prioritizes the preservation of sites over commercial gains. Secondly, foster public awareness campaigns to educate communities about the value of their heritage. It’s our responsibility to preserve the legacy that we must pass on to future generations. Let us act now to ensure that these priceless pieces of our history are not lost to time. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英文演讲稿，参加“Protect the endangered heritage”为主题的演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 解决：address→solve 重要性：significance→importance 培养：foster→cultivate 行动：act→take action 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：The significance of preserving these heritages of our past is profound. They are not just stones and relics but also a reflection of our ancestors’ wisdom. 拓展句：The significance of preserving these heritages of our past is profound because they are not just stones and relics but also a reflection of our ancestors’ wisdom. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Here are some concrete steps we can take.(运用了省略that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] It’s our responsibility to preserve the legacy that we must pass on to future generations. (运用了that引导定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Alex was an adventurer who enjoyed exploring new places from time to time. One day, he decided to go on an individual journey through a thick forest in search of an exciting adventure that would stay with him forever. After making thorough preparations and packing all the necessities, he set off for the forest. As the sun went down and it grew dark, Alex found himself deep in the forest. The air was filled with mystery and excitement, and he could hear the sounds of animals waking up for the night. Alex thought it was time to build a tent for the evening. He had always imagined sleeping in a tent, listening to soft music, drinking beer and admiring the shining stars in the sky. It was a wonderful experience he had always desired! Alex stopped to look around, searching for a suitable space for his tent. However, little did Alex know, something dangerous was waiting for him. Just as Alex was searching for a good place to locate his tent, he suddenly saw a middle-sized young brown bear wandering around in the darkness several yards away. It let out a low growl (吼叫), and then almost at the same time another growl, which sounded different, came from far away. Alex was shocked and scared. He immediately realized that the young brown bear was looking for its mother, who might arrive in a few minutes. Two dangerous animals! What should he do? A scary thought crossed Alex’s mind. He was sure that nobody would come to save him and he would have to rely on himself. Realizing that he had to do something to avoid the danger, Alex quickly bent down and hid behind a huge tree nearby. Thanks to the strong tree trunk with heavy leaves and the tall grass nearby, Alex was quickly hidden from sight. But he was extremely frightened and couldn’t help but shiver (颤抖). How he hoped that the bears would leave without discovering his presence! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex held his breath and didn’t dare to make any noise. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Time passed slowly and it seemed as if Alex’s prayers were working. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Alex held his breath and didn’t dare to make any noise. As the young bear slowly moved toward the spot where Alex had been just a few minutes ago, his widened eyes were fixed on the creature, which had detected a human object—his bag still lying in the open! Regretful and nervous, Alex couldn’t come up with any way to fetch his bag. All he could do was pray that the bear wouldn’t be distracted by the human odor on it and instead turn its attention to its mother. Time passed slowly and it seemed as if Alex’s prayers were working. Although the young bear caught the scent of Alex’s bag, it quickly lost interest. With another growl echoing in the distance, the bear turned and headed toward the source of the sound. Taking a deep breath, Alex knew he had escaped the danger. Overwhelmed with relief and deep gratitude toward the two bears, Alex slowly stood up and fetched his bag. The bold adventurer left the forest as quickly as he could, vowing never again to start an adventure alone, especially at night, without an experienced local guide. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alex是一个喜欢冒险的年轻人，一天，在做了充分准备后他前往茂密的大森林探险，结果与他预想的不同的是，在他找地方准备搭帐篷的时候，一只找妈妈的小熊出现了，Alex根据远处的声音意识到熊妈妈很快会出现，害怕的他赶紧躲在了大树后面。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“亚历克斯屏住呼吸，不敢发出任何声音”可知，第一段可描写小熊看到了什么，反应是什么以及Alex在知道没人来救他的情况下反应是什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“时间过得很慢，亚历克斯的祈祷似乎起作用了”可知，第二段可描写熊为什么走开，以及能逃离后Alex的感受描写。 2.续写线索：不敢发出声音——观察小熊——祈祷熊走开——小熊离去——亚历克斯逃离危险——亚历克斯感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想出：come up with/ think out ②发现：detect/discover ③盯着：be fixed on /stare at 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/ anxious ②感激：gratitude/thankfulness 【点睛】[高分句型1] As the young bear slowly moved toward the spot where Alex had been just a few minutes ago, his widened eyes were fixed on the creature, which had detected a human object—his bag still lying in the open! (运用了as引导的时间状语从句，where引导的限制性定语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句和) [高分句型2] Although the young bear caught the scent of Alex’s bag, it quickly lost interest. (运用了although引导让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年第二学期高二级年级5月学情调研测试 英语试题 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do next? A. Have a meeting. B. Smoke a cigarette. C. Use the restroom. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man look for next? A His wallet. B. His phone. C. His keys. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the game start? A. In 60 minutes. B. In 50 minutes. C. In 10 minutes. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers probably? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where are the speakers now? A. In the street. B. At a bus stop. C. In the yellow building. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think of the movie? A. Discouraging. B. Unforgettable. C. Educational. 7. What will the man do alone? A. Watch a movie. B. Do his homework. C. Visit his grandparents. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people speak English as a second language around the world? A. Over 1 billion. B. Over 400 million. C. Over 600 million. 9. What does the woman ask people to do? A. Learn from a textbook. B. Add new challenges. C. Find creative ways to learn. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To seek a solution. B. To ask for permission. C. To buy an air conditioner. 11. What problem is bothering the staff in the office? A. Computers don’t work. B. The workload is heavy. C. The heat is unbearable. 12. What will the man do in the afternoon? A. Go to the doctor. B. Meet the woman again. C. Have some rest. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Who are the speakers probably? A. Farmers. B. Students. C. Historians. 14. Why does the woman start this conversation with Martin? A. She hopes to learn how to write a paper. B. She tries to help the man with his paper. C. She wants to find a topic for her research. 15. When were bananas first brought to Australia? A. In 1839. B. In 1856. C. In 1826. 16. What do we know about Australian bananas? A. They were introduced to China from Australia. B. They are mainly grown for the domestic market. C. They were the first plant to be planted in England. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What can be a challenge of body cameras? A. The type of equipment. B. Storage methods. C. Downloading fee. 18. Who mainly use the body camera now? A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Officers. 19. Where can the camera be put? A. On head. B. In the middle of the chest. C. In hand. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. The uniqueness of body cameras. B. The plan to replace body cameras. C. The use of body cameras in Houston. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分;满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A To mark International Women’s Day, we asked Dezeen Awards judges to nominate (提名) a woman in architecture and design who should have greater recognition. Shefali Balwani Nominated by Kamna Malik “Shefali Balwani is an Indian architect. Her projects have a certain voice that goes beyond the traditional definitions of architecture and design. Whenever I look at her work, I see mindfulness on so many levels, whether it is through the use of materials or the sensitivity shown towards the surroundings. ” Oana Stǎnescu Nominated by Ingrid Moye “Having met Oana Stǎnescu many years ago while working at SANAA in Tokyo, we have not only been following each other’s path but also become friends. I admire Oana’s curious perspective (视角) through which she observes the world. Her refreshing voice shows not only in her original architectural practice but also in her work as an academic, lecturer, and writer. ” Tatu Gatere Nominated by Stella Mutegi “Tatu Gatere is the co-founder and CEO of Buildher—an organization that seeks to empower women with skills needed in the construction industry, which is very male-dominated in Kenya. The skills that these women are empowered with at Buildher make a big impact on every aspect of their daily lives.” Jessica Smulders Cohen Nominated by Katie Treggiden “Having studied sustainable design at Kingston University, Jessica Smulders Cohen decided not to become a designer or a maker, but instead to become a repair specialist. Jess and her work deserve more recognition because our whole industry needs to move away from pursuing newness and instead prioritize reuse and repair—it is the only hope we have for a circular future that will enable our species to live well on this planet. ” 21. What do Balwani and Stǎnescu have in common? A. Writing a lot of books. B. Working for SANAA in Tokyo. C. Being creative architects. D. Empowering construction workers. 22. Whose organization improves the lives of Kenyan women? A. Shefali Balwani’s. B. Oana Stǎnescu’s. C. Tatu Gatere’s. D. Jessica Smulders Cohen’s. 23. Why does Treggiden nominate Cohen? A. She is good at designing and making. B. She contributes to a sustainable planet. C. She promotes equal rights between genders. D. She gets where she is through self-education. B In 2020 three months after his 100th birthday, Dorothy Wiggins’ husband, Guy, died. They had been married for 61 years. “Without him, I lived with great sadness,” she says. Soon Dorothy started making trips to New York City to figure out what to do next. One of her children, Noel, asked his journalist friend Michael Astor to film his mother’s day-to-day activities. “It might help take her mind off her loss,” he says. A few months into the process, Michael began posting the footage on Instagram and TikTok. A year on from going live as @dorothylovesnewyork, the 98-year-old Dorothy now has close to 100,000 followers on Instagram. While she doesn’t like the influencer lifestyle or check Michael’s posts, Dorothy does find joy in reading her fans’ comments and greeting them on the street. “I’m pleased that people are inspired by my longevity and attitude,” she says. “I used to be a model and trained as an actress, so I don’t mind people seeing me or Michael filming me.” Yet, one post from the past year does stand out for her. “Nine million people watched my tennis serve and that excited me because tennis players are really interested in the game,” she says. “Women’s champion Chrissie Evert even commented on it! I’ll never stop playing.” Although she and Michael film most days, Dorothy’s life is not largely impacted by her social media fandom. In fact, the greatest effect of Dorothy’s social media stardom has been on her fans who are moved by her sense of energy and enthusiasm. Three years on from Guy’s death, Dorothy’s sadness has not gone away, but she has learned to live with it. “We had a magical life and it wasn’t enough for me,” she says. “But life carries on, and it is never too late to keep up with the times and try something new. ” 24. Why did Noel ask Michael to film Dorothy? A. To honor her husband. B. To celebrate her birthday. C. To make her less sad. D. To record her special trip. 25. What can we learn from Dorothy’s reaction after becoming an influencer? A. She is happy to read fan opinions. B. She is satisfied with her new role. C. She continues her modeling career. D. She actively follows Michael’s posts. 26. How has a particular post from last year impacted Dorothy? A. It has excited her interest in video games. B. It has encouraged her to keep playing tennis. C. It has reminded her to share more about her life. D. It has deepened her admiration for tennis players. 27. What can we infer about Dorothy from the last paragraph? A. She is more energetic than before. B. She feels regretful for her popularity. C. She enjoys the company of her followers. D. She has high hopes for the rest of her life. C These students wandering through the woods on the outskirts (郊区) of Portland, Oregon, aren’t on a school field trip — this muddy field is their school. From the moment they’re dropped off in the morning, they spend their entire day outside in one of Oregon’s public parks. “Rain or shine, we’re out here,” said teacher Christine Fleener. On this surprisingly nice day, Fleener’s class of fifth graders headed to the grassland for a biology lesson. Further down the trail, a group of fourth graders is learning on logs. It’s school, just not the type of school you might be used to. “Forest school is where the classroom does not have walls,” said Tony Deis, one of the founders of Trackers Earth Forest School. “It’s how kids originally learned; they didn’t learn sitting at desks, facing forward, and looking at a teacher. They learned from a multi-sensory environment.” Over the past decade, outdoor forest schools have gained popularity in the United States. The idea is that the challenges that come with being outside all day — dealing with weather, building your own shelter, and unearthing the unexpected are all part of the learning process. It’s complicated, of course. Outdoor schooling involves a puzzle of weather and regulations and budget issues. A well-funded private school in Portland, Oregon is one thing, but what about a public school in Portland, Maine? Surprisingly, cold Maine, of all places, has been quick to adopt outdoor learning. The district isn’t all out side all the time, but certain classes, like art, have moved outdoors. Supplies came from federal (联邦的) funds and local donations. And while Maine has plenty of open space, Brooke Teller, the outdoor learning coordinator (协调人) for Portland Public Schools, believes schools in major cities could have green classrooms hiding underneath their pavement (路面). She said, “We have a few hundred landscape architects all across the country who have volunteered to be a thought partner with schools that want to figure out where on their grounds would be best for outdoor learning.” 28. What does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. The routine of a forest school. B. The popularity of public parks. C. An interesting school field trip. D. An unforgettable biology lesson. 29. What is the main philosophy behind the concept of forest schools? A. Kids learn by outdoor practice. B. Kids learn out of curiosity. C. Kids learn by challenging others. D. Kids learn by interacting with others. 30 What does Teller suggest schools that want to start outdoor education do? A. Start from certain classes. B. Work with landscape architects. C. Make use of their open space. D. Build green classrooms underground. 31. What can be the best title for the text? A. A new way of learning B. Benefits of learning outdoors C. Outdoor forest schools D. Outdoor education in Oregon D The bank of Baisha Creek used to be concrete, but several years ago, work began to bring back wetlands here. Weeds now grow on the shallow bank and on islands in the river and insects sing in the trees. Yu Kongjian, the man behind the project, describes a similarly natural scene that existed here 50 years ago when, as a 10-year-old, he was nearly taken away by the water. “It was a huge flood. But I survived. You know why? Because I caught hold of the weeds, the reeds, along the riverbank,” he says. Yu has been working on a solution he calls “sponge (海绵) cities.” That is, urban landscapes that are softer and purposely designed to take in more water. In Yu’s words: “You are actually playing tai chi with nature, not boxing with nature.” Gareth Doherty, a professor from Harvard University, says the idea is completely new and different from traditional ones. “Because he’s pushing boundaries on what it is that landscape architects do,” he says. “He’s working with rain and environmental processes rather than against them.” One of Yu’s early projects was Yanweizhou Park in the city of Jinhua, in eastern Zhejiang Province. A flood wall at the joint of two rivers was failing to protect the area from annual floods. “So instead of building the flood wall higher and higher, I took away the concrete wall and brought back wetlands,” he says. Groundskeeper Sun Zheng’an says the park’s sponginess seemed to work this summer when a heavy rain hit. The river rose, covering low-lying parts of the park, and then went back to a normal level. “The water went quickly, and there wasn’t much pooling,” he says. Yu says he’ll continue to suggest his ideas to officials at home and abroad because many still don’t get it. “We still trust that concrete can solve the problem. We still trust that technology can solve the problem” he says. And that way of thinking, he says — not the concrete — is the hardest thing to break. 32. Why did Yu share his survival story? A. To back up urban development. B. To teach methods of self-protection. C. To stress the importance of wetlands. D. To raise awareness of natural disasters. 33. What does Doherty say about Yu? A. Yu shows a talent for planning cities. B. Yu has won wide support from experts. C. Yu draws inspiration from regional geography. D. Yu is changing methods of dealing with floods. 34. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Yanweizhou Park? A. To review Yu’s projects over the years. B. To show an early application of Yu’s idea. C. To stress how Yu won the officials’ support. D. To compare Yu’s methods in different areas. 35. What does Yu expect of his sponge city idea? A. It’ll be tested in low-lying parks first. B. It’ll attract many famous foreign experts. C. It’ll win much more technical support. D. It’ll be widely understood and accepted. 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Although you can’t control what packaging other people use, you can make choices about what you order. Here are tips for reducing the environmental impact caused by consumption. ____36____. A great way to minimize packaging at home is to avoid impulse (冲动) shopping, which usually results in lots of packages being sent to your door. One way to avoid this is to make a list of items you need throughout the week or month. ____37____. That way, all your items can be shipped at one time and in one box. Shop locally and second-hand. Buying locally and transporting goods with a reusable bag means removing any extra packaging arriving in your home. ____38____. You can search for things you want that other people no longer need on social media, and help keep items from ending up in landfills. Choose durable (耐用的) goods. ____39____. One package arriving at your house is much more eco-friendly than the multiple packages required when you buy something made from cheap materials that can only be used once or will easily break and then need to be replaced. Consider versatility (多功能性). Buying products that can be used in a variety of ways can also reduce the amount of packaging. For example, a bag that can be used as a laptop carrier for work and a day pack for urban or outdoor exploring requires only one purchase. ____40____. A. Buy expensive things B. Plan ahead for shopping C. You can choose brands that use eco-friendly materials D. Buying used things is even better for the environment E. You can also try online shopping in one place if possible F. Purchase things that are built to last if you must buy something new G. And a bonus is that such items save you money and space in your home 第三部分 语言运用(共二节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was walking back from class when I gave my first compliment (赞美) to a stranger. “I really ____41____ that sundress!” Although she seemed to be in a ____42____ , she suddenly stopped what she was doing, smiling ____43____, and said, “Thank you!” After a few moments of small talk, I walked away, feeling ____44____. According to studies, receiving a compliment has psychological benefits, which the woman certainly ____45____. But what made me feel satisfied too? To confirm whether giving compliments has a similar positive effect on the ____46____, I decided to compliment strangers for one week. At a drive-through restaurant, I was ____47____ by the employee’s friendliness and cheerfulness. “You are so ____48____!” I said as I was about to ____49____. She told me to wait and returned with a delicious cake. At a ____50____, two children waved in my direction, and I returned their ____51____. I complimented their mother on their ____52____ . “Thank you” she responded warmly and then offered some valuable advice on my medicine. I received a lot during the ____53____. Besides social connections, I got warm smiles, a free cake, helpful medical advice, and other ____54____. At the end of the experiment, I got the simple ____55____: It was people’s positive response that made me feel good, too. 41. A. recommend B. love C. know D. rediscover 42. A. direction B. position C. mess D. hurry 43. A. happily B. weakly C. embarrassedly D. enthusiastically 44. A. astonished B. confused C. relaxed D. satisfied 45. A. enjoyed B. ignored C. recognized D. suspected 46. A. examiner B. praise-giver C. hard-worker D. competitor 47. A. interrupted B. convinced C. discouraged D. impressed 48. A. busy B. honest C. positive D. humorous 49. A. drive off B. step in C. show off D. check in 50. A. school B. drugstore C. supermarket D. station 51. A. comfort B. greeting C. devotion D. patience 52. A. determination B. curiosity C. politeness D. brilliance 53. A. experiment B. ceremony C. celebration D. performance 54. A. problems B. requirements C. rewards D. expectations 55. A. mission B. observation C. suggestion D. conclusion 第二节 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese movie industry has made impressive achievements both _____56_____ terms of hardware and software after years of development. Coupled with the country’s increasing support for the film industry, this rapid development _____57_____ (lead) to not only the flourishing (繁荣) of all kinds of films, but also the flourishing of cinema as a culture over the years. Both hardware _____58_____ (facility) and software storage have improved, _____59_____ (enable) the Chinese film market to become less dependent on foreign film culture _____60_____ gradually adapt to its own economic and cultural systems. With the _____61_____ (combine) of film culture with human life in recent years, Chinese films have begun to pay more attention to the humanistic pursuit of realism and diverse creative styles. Under conditions of _____62_____ (advance) information sharing, ordinary people use various media to find valuable information _____63_____ (enhance) their understanding. For example, image media and its understandable audio-visual (视听的) language are _____64_____ (ready) accepted by audiences. This broadens the role of cinema beyond its simple entertainment value. Therefore, film, as ______65______ medium of art, has an important influence on helping society establish mainstream value judgments and moral principles. 第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，报名参加学校“Protect the endangered heritage”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括： 1. 面临的现状； 2. 保护的意义； 3. 具体的措施。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右，文章标题和首尾句已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Protect the endangered heritage Ladies and Gentlemen! Today, I stand before you to address a pressing issue: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you. 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Alex was an adventurer who enjoyed exploring new places from time to time. One day, he decided to go on an individual journey through a thick forest in search of an exciting adventure that would stay with him forever. After making thorough preparations and packing all the necessities, he set off for the forest. As the sun went down and it grew dark, Alex found himself deep in the forest. The air was filled with mystery and excitement, and he could hear the sounds of animals waking up for the night. Alex thought it was time to build a tent for the evening. He had always imagined sleeping in a tent, listening to soft music, drinking beer and admiring the shining stars in the sky. It was a wonderful experience he had always desired! Alex stopped to look around, searching for a suitable space for his tent. However, little did Alex know, something dangerous was waiting for him. Just as Alex was searching for a good place to locate his tent, he suddenly saw a middle-sized young brown bear wandering around in the darkness several yards away. It let out a low growl (吼叫), and then almost at the same time another growl, which sounded different, came from far away. Alex was shocked and scared. He immediately realized that the young brown bear was looking for its mother, who might arrive in a few minutes. Two dangerous animals! What should he do? A scary thought crossed Alex’s mind. He was sure that nobody would come to save him and he would have to rely on himself. Realizing that he had to do something to avoid the danger, Alex quickly bent down and hid behind a huge tree nearby. Thanks to the strong tree trunk with heavy leaves and the tall grass nearby, Alex was quickly hidden from sight. But he was extremely frightened and couldn’t help but shiver (颤抖). How he hoped that the bears would leave without discovering his presence! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex held his breath and didn’t dare to make any noise. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Time passed slowly and it seemed as if Alex’s prayers were working. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$