UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ　Writing——描述未来科技发展的利弊(word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Writing——描述未来科技发展的利弊 本单元的写作任务是“描述未来科技发展的利弊”，属于阐述自己观点的议论文。议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。议论文的结构一般有引论、本论和结论三部分。引论用来提出论点，即开门见山地描述现象或表明立场；本论进一步论证阐述论点；结论用来表达自己的观点或提出解决问题的办法。写作时一般要注意以下两点： 1．明确观点 写作过程中，常采用集中比较的写作方式，把两方面事物加以对比，或者是用一种事物来烘托另一种事物，通过两个方面的对比，突出说明其中一个方面的正确性。 2．正确使用时态和人称 写作时，主要使用一般现在时。简述两种观点时用第三人称，介绍个人看法时用第一人称。 跟课文学写作范式 课文范式提炼 跟课文学亮点表达 阅读文章第一自然段，习得以下素养 ★学亮点表达 1．本段使用恰当的情态动词来表述该话题的支持方、反对方和作者本人的观点，如：should oppose…， could even be dangerous…， should cease…， would be travelling…等，针对“我们是否应该反对无人驾驶汽车”表明不同立场。 2．本段多处使用宾语从句，如： various people said that…，The newspaper reported that…， the company still claimed that…，进一步阐述不同人群对无人驾驶汽车的态度和看法。 [微写作1]——补全句子 (1)家长应该积极鼓励孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。 Parents 　should actively encourage their children to　 take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. (2)越来越多的人声称，燃料价格的上涨肯定会解决交通和污染问题。 More and more people claimed/claim that higher fuel costs would definitely solve the issues of traffic and pollution. ★学逻辑衔接 本段从无人驾驶模式下汽车撞车造成伤亡的事故谈起，引出话题“我们应该反对无人驾驶汽车吗？”，并从三个角度提出论点，展示不同人群对科技发展的态度。 阅读文章第二、三自然段，习得以下素养 ★学亮点表达 1．第二段和第三段句首运用标志语On the one hand…， On the other hand…分别引出段落大意，即：一方面，有些群体保持着古老的生活方式，不依赖现代科技，愿意在自然状态中简朴地生活；另一方面，科技的发展给人们带来了很多好处。 2．第三段第三句Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily…使用了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，且句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语to keep in touch easily。 [微写作2]——英译汉 (1)On the one hand, I need to switch to another job, but on the other hand, I still like my present one. 一方面，我需要换份工作；但是另一方面，我还喜欢现在的工作。 (2)Your valuable advice has made it possible for me to finish the work on time. 你宝贵的建议使得我有可能按时完成这项工作。 ★学论证手法 第二、三段采用了对比的论证手法。第二段用阿曼门诺派拒绝现代技术而按照简朴的农耕方式生活的例子来论证一种观点，即：人们在不依赖新技术的情况下也可以自如地生活。第三段则用新技术带来的各种便利论证了另外一种观点，通过对比两种观点为下文更加鲜明地表述作者自己的观点做好烘托。这是正反式观点议论文常用的手法。 阅读文章第四自然段，习得以下素养 ★学亮点表达 1．第四段第三句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，以此来说明生活中“我”对健康检测 器的依赖，从而表达个人的立场。 2．第四段最后一句使用Nevertheless一词，提示读者要关注接下来的支撑性信息。具有类似功能的词汇还有：hence, for example, of course, personally等。 [微写作3]——补全句子 (1)她和她的家人坚持骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。 She and her family insist on cycling to work, which helps them keep fit . (2)因此，深入了解它的历史和文化是至关重要的。 Hence , it is of vital importance to gain a deep insight into its history and culture. ★学逻辑衔接 第四段中作者围绕主题句I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances 阐述自己的观点。作者从个人经历和经验出发，佐证了科技带来的便利，最终有效论证自己的观点。 (一)输入好词 1．acknowledge　v．承认 2．concern n．关心；担心 3．conclude v．推断出；得出结论 4．deny v．否认；拒绝承认 5．phenomenon n．现象 6．opposite adj.相反的；对立的 7．as far as I'm concerned 就我个人而言 8．contribute to/result in 导致 9．benefit from 从……获益 10．in one's opinion 在某人看来 11．in favour of 赞成 12．take measures 采取措施 (二)输入佳句 1．描述现象或表明立场 ①There is a widespread concern over the issue that more and more Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person. 越来越多的中国学生前往外国留学，这一问题引起了广泛关注。但众所周知，关于这个热门话题人们的意见各不相同。 ②Recently, there is a heated/fierce debate in our class on whether middle school students should take up part-time jobs on their weekends. 最近，我们班就中学生是否应该在周末做兼职工作展开了激烈的辩论。 ③There is no denying that the environment is getting polluted more and more seriously. 不可否认的是，环境污染越来越严重。 ④As we all know, science and technology has changed our life in many aspects.我们都知道，科学技术在很多方面改变了我们的生活。 ⑤Such a situation is of great concern.In my opinion, over-protection and too much care are extremely bad for children's development.这样的情况很值得关注。在我看来，过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。 2．阐述观点与看法 ⑥The development of science and technology makes our life more comfortable and convenient. 科学技术的发展使我们的生活更加舒适和便利。 ⑦When it comes to failure, people have/take/adopt different attitudes towards it/different people hold different attitudes towards it. 谈到失败，人们的态度各不相同。 ⑧Different people have different opinions/views on this question.Some people believe that…while others argue that… 对于这个问题，不同的人有不同的看法。有些人认为……，而另一些人主张…… ⑨People's views on it/People's attitudes towards it vary from person to person.Some hold that…，However, others believe that… 人们对此的观点/态度各不相同。有些人认为……然而其他人却认为…… ⑩From my point of view, it is up to us ourselves to make a reasonable plan for our future.在我看来，该由我们自己为我们的将来制订一个合理的计划。 ⑪I'm greatly convinced that “Honesty is the best policy” in most situations. 我坚信，在多数情况下“诚实是最好的策略”。 3．作出总结 ⑫In general, we should help people of the inferior group.But we should remain sensible when giving money. 总的来说，我们应该帮助弱势群体(的人)。但是我们在给钱的时候应该保持理智。 ⑬As far as I am concerned, what matters most is that we should make good use of science and technology.在我看来，最重要的是我们应该好好运用科技。 ⑭The problem is becoming more and more serious and it's time for us to do something to change the situation.问题越来越严重，是我们采取措施改变局面的时候了。 ⑮In conclusion, the most important is to raise people's awareness of… 总之，最重要的是提高人们对……的意识。 ⑯Only in this way can we… 只有这样，我们才能…… ⑰It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展，这是迫在眉睫的。 ⑱It is necessary that effective/proper action/steps/measures should be taken to end the situation/phenomenon/tendency. 有必要采取有效的/恰当的措施结束这种情况/现象/趋势。 【写作要求】 假定你是阳光中学的学生李华，昨天你们班开了一个班会，同学们就“科技发展给人们带来的利弊”这一话题展开了激烈的讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文。要点包括： 1．60%的同学认为利大于弊； 2．40%的同学认为弊大于利； 3．你的观点。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 【四步成文】 第一步：审题谋篇 第二步：由词扩句 1．昨天我们班开了一个班会。 Our class held a class meeting yesterday. 2．就科技给人们带来的利弊问题，不同的人持有不同的观点。 Different people hold different views on the advantages and disadvantages brought by science and technology. 3．60%的同学认为我们的日常生活离不开科技。 60% of the students 　think that our daily life cannot be separated from　 science and technology. 4．地球变“小”了，我们通过手机可以足不出户看 世界美景。 The Earth is getting smaller, and we can see the beautiful world without leaving home through our mobile phones. 5．40%的同学认为科技使人们的关系变得疏远。 40% of the students 　think that the relationship between people becomes not as close as before　 because of science and technology. 6．每天使用电子产品，人们的身体出现了一系列的问题。 People use electronic products every day, so their bodies have a series of problems. 7．只要我们好好运用科技，它就会更好地服务于人类。 As long as we make good use of science and technology, it will better serve mankind. 第三步：句式升级 8．用非谓语动词作状语改写句6 Using electronic products every day, people's bodies have a series of problems. 第四步：连句成篇 One possible version： Our class held a class meeting yesterday.Different people hold different views on the advantages and disadvantages brought by science and technology. 60% of the students think that our daily life cannot be separated from science and technology.For example, the Earth is getting smaller, and we can see the beautiful world without leaving home through our mobile phones.But 40% of the students think that the relationship between people becomes not as close as before because of science and technology. And using electronic products every day, people's bodies have a series of problems. In my opinion, as long as we make good use of science and technology, it will better serve mankind. 假如你是李华，最近你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。 30%的同学认为 70%的同学认为 1．不值得探索； 2．离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远，不能解决实际问题； 3．浪费时间、金钱。这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。 1.值得探索； 2．已使用卫星通信、传送数据、预报天气； 3．有望通过移居其他星球解决地球人口问题和地球能源短缺问题。 One possible version： Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of the students think space exploration is not worthwhile.They think space is too far away from us and our daily life to solve practical problems. Meanwhile, it is a waste of money exploring space.The money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the Earth's problems such as starvation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring, from which we have benefited a lot, such as using satellites for communication, transmitting data, and forecasting weather.What's more, not only may we solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day with further space research, but also space research will enable us to find new resources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the Earth. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$