UNIT 1 Grammar——非限制性定语从句（Word教参）-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

　　Grammar——非限制性定语从句　　[对应学生用书第11页] 用恰当的关系词完成下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1．(教材P2)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. 2．(教材P2)People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 3．(教材P2)I speak with the on­duty nurse, who tells me that Lara's parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. 4．(教材P2)Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. 5．(教材P4)We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient. 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切， 只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明， 如果去掉， 主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。 He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair—again for free. 他还想要一些没人要的自行车， 他愿意再免费修理一次。 要点一　限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 不用逗号与主句隔开 用逗号与主句隔开 功能 起限定作用， 限制或约束先行词， 不可去掉， 否则主句意义不完整 对整个句子的意义并不重要， 即使去掉， 原句仍有意义 先行词 先行词一般为单个的名词或代词 先行词既可为单个的名词或代词， 也可为整个句子或其中一部分 引导词 可用所有的关系代词/副词引导， 且关系词作宾语时可省略 在所有的关系词中不能用that或why引导非限制性定语从句， 且其他引导词不能省略 If so we have a vacancy in our team which would suit you. 如果是这样的话， 我们团队中有一个适合你的空缺。(which引导限制性定语从句) The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 那部小说， 我昨晚读的那本， 非常有趣。(非限制性定语从句， 先行词是the novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad． 这部小说很有意思， 这让我很高兴。(非限制性定语从句， 先行词是前面整句话) [对点训练1] 单句语法填空 ①Mike sold the old house which/that came down from his father. ②Mike sold the old house, which made his father very angry. ③I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life. 要点二　非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法 1．who、whom、whose引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)关系代词 who、whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。 (2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom作宾语；介词后用whom, 不用who。 (3)whose作定语， 先行词是人时， whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of whom；先行词是物时， whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of which。 My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. 我的母亲， 从来不会说不出话来，(这次)也无话可说了。 Peter, whom you met in London, is going to Paris next week. 你在伦敦见过的那个彼得， 下周将要去巴黎。 The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌上那些封面闪光的书是我们的奖品。 [对点训练2] 用who、whom或whose填空 ①It was my close friend Lisa, whom I hadn't seen for many years. ②But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. ③My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 2．as、which引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)两者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体， 有许多用途。 Our country has sent up another man­made earth satellite, as is reported in the papers. 正如报纸上报道的那样， 我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 (2)as、which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 项目 as which 指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容， 又可指代主句的一部分 位置 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句不能位于主句之前 意义 正如 这， 那 功能 起连接上下文的作用， 表达说话人的观点、看法， 并指出主句内容的依据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句 As is known to the Americans, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 美国人都知道， 马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语) He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神贯注地工作， 正如他过去经常的那样。(as在从句中作表语) As we all know, the earth is round． 众所周知， 地球是圆的。(as在从句中作宾语) In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, which was understandable. 在那么多人面前他有点紧张， 这是可以理解的。(which指代整个主句) [对点训练3] 选词填空：as、which ①By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived． ②There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science. ③As can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased． 3．when、where引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语， 指代主句中表示时间的词语。 (2)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语， 指代主句中表示地点的词语。 (3)when/where有时可以换成“介词＋which”。 My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 我的纳税职业生涯始于中学， 那时我在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。 Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. Southbank位于泰晤士河东部的一个拐弯处， 是英国滑板运动的中心， 在那里， 滑板的不断碰撞让你头晕目眩。 I left on Sunday, on which everyone was at home. 我是周日离开的， 当时人人都在家。 [对点训练4] 单句语法填空 ①We'll put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. ②They went to London, where they lived for six months. 4．“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 在“介词＋关系代词”中， 关系代词用whom指人， 用which指物。 I acknowledge my English teacher, without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. 我感谢我的英语老师， 没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此大的进步。 The advice you gave us proved to be of great value, without which we couldn't have achieved our dream. 你给我们的建议证明很有价值， 没有它我们不可能实现我们的梦想。 [对点训练5] 单句语法填空 ①My uncle gave me a book, the cover of which is very beautiful. ②We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work. 要点三　使用非限制性定语从句需要注意的几个问题 1．关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句， 但可用for which代替why来引导。 He didn't tell us the reason, for which he went abroad without telling anybody. 他没有告诉我们理由， 为此在没有告诉任何人的情况下就去了国外。 2．非限制性定语从句的关系代词无论指“物”还是指“人”， 都不能用that。 The book, which my mother bought for me yesterday, is very interesting. 这本书很有意思， 是我妈妈昨天为我买的。 3．关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略， 若指人时， 只用whom, 不用who。 York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city. 我去年访问过约克， 那是个古老而美丽的城市。 I ran into/across an old friend of mine in the street, whom I haven't met for years. 我在街上碰见了我的一个老朋友， 我已经好多年没有见过他了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．As can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased． 2．We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, where my grandparents and some relatives live. 3．The famous footballer, in whose honour a party will be held, is to arrive this afternoon. 4．He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free. 5．Mr Smith, whose native language is English, can speak Chinese fluently. 6．Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. 7．As is reported in the newspaper, a serious accident has happened recently. 8．The old lady has two daughters, one of whom is working abroad． 9．The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 10．Isobel, whose brother was training for the match, had heard the joke before. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard． 那个小男孩学习很努力， 他的父亲是位工程师。 2．I have a son who is now studying in the USA． 我有一个现在在美国学习的儿子。 3．I have a son, who is now studying physics in the university. 我有一个儿子， 他现在在大学学习物理。 4．She is going to spend the holiday in Macao, where she will visit some places of interest． 她要到澳门去度假， 在那里她将游览一些名胜。 5．He is a man of great experience, from whom we can learn much． 他是个有丰富经验的人， 从他那里我们能学到很多。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$