UNIT 6 Grammar——定语从句（3）“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句（Word教参）【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

Grammar——定语从句（3）“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 [对应学生用书第130页] 用“介词＋关系代词”完成下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1.（教材P82）These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people， 　to whom　 Guangxi is home. 2.（教材P83）Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas 　in which　 they could grow rice. 3.（教材P84）But perhaps what is most significant is the way 　in which　 people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 4.（教材P84）This forms clouds 　from which　 rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again. 5.（教材P84）Although modern technology could help produce more crops， these terraces still mean a lot to the local people 　for whom　 traditions hold much value. “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 要点一　关系代词作介词的宾语 为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑， 可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前， 形成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时， 关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）， 即“介词＋which/whom”， 并且不能省略。 If you have anything on which you want my opinions， feel free to see me. 如果你们有什么事需要征求我的意见的话， 随时来找我。 This is the student for whom I bought a book. 这就是我给其买书的那个学生。 [名师点津] 有些“动词＋介词”短语， 如look for、 look after、 call on等， 如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义， 所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。 Is this the book which she was looking for？ 这就是她在找的那本书吗？ The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy. 护士们照看的婴儿都很健康。 要点二　关系副词when、 where、 why可用“介词＋which”来代替 其中when＝表时间的介词（如：in、at、during等）＋which；where＝表地点的介词（如：in、at、on、under等）＋which；why＝表原因的介词（for）＋which。 1.当先行词表示时间， 定语从句中缺少时间状语时， 通常用关系副词when引导， 此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which 来代替关系副词when。 July and August are the months when（＝in which） the weather is hot. 七、八月是天气很热的月份。 2.当先行词表示地点， 定语从句中缺少地点状语时， 通常用关系副词where引导， 此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which 来代替关系副词where。 Great changes have taken place in the city where（＝in which） I was born. 我出生的那个城市已经发生了巨大的变化。 3.当先行词为reason， 定语从句中缺少原因状语时， 通常用关系副词why引导， 此时也可以用for which来代替why。 The reason why（＝for which） he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝这个邀请的理由还不清楚。 [对点训练1] 用“介词＋关系代词”转换句式 ①The day when she arrived was Thursday. →The day 　on which　 she arrived was Thursday. ②This is the reason why he was put in prison. →This is the reason 　for which　 he was put in prison. ③This is the house where I lived last year. →This is the house 　in which　 I lived last year. 要点三　“介词＋which/whom”既可引导限制性定语从句， 也可引导非限制性定语从句 The film in which he played the leading role was a great success. 他主演的那部电影非常成功。 I took a photo of the students， among whom was seated a teacher. 我给这些学生拍了一张照片， 他们中间坐着一位老师。 要点四　“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的正确选择 1.依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 The person to whom I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about. 刚才与我说话的那个人就是我和你谈起的那位经理。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖， 杭州因其而出名。 2.根据先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 The pencil with which he was writing broke. 他写字用的那支铅笔坏了。 I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。 3.根据句子的意思来确定介词。有些句子中， 定语从句中谓语动词或主要形容词与介词也不能构成固定搭配， 这时， 需要根据句子所要表达的意思来选择介词。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p. m.， by which time many people have gone home. 在办公室里， 我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空闲， 到那时， 许多人已经回家了。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。 4.表示“所有关系”或“整体的部分”时用介词of。 He lives in a room， the window of which faces west. 他住在一个房间里， 房间的窗子面朝西。 The old woman has two sons， both of whom are doctors. 这位老太太有两个儿子， 他们都是医生。 5.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中， 介词也可换成介词短语， 如by means of、 because of、 at the foot of、 at the back of、 in front of、 on the top of等。若介词短语表示位置， 则定语从句往往用倒装语序。 Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other. 声音是人们互相交流的工具。 He is living in a big house， in front of which stands a big tall tree. 他住在一幢大房子里， 房前有一棵大树。 [对点训练2] 用适当的介词填空 ①This is our English teacher 　from　 whom we have learnt a lot. ②I’ll remember the day 　on　 which I was admitted to the college forever. ③He was born in Germany 　in　 which he stayed for 12 years. ④China has a lot of rivers， the second longest 　of　 which is the Yellow River. ⑤There is a big window 　through which　 I can see the railway station. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. These are the reasons 　why/for which　 we do it. 2. The man 　with　 whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. 3. There isn’t a person 　to　 whom she can turn for help. 4. September 30 is the day 　by　 which you must pay your bill. 5. Creating an atmosphere 　where/in which　 employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 6. Many young people， most of 　whom　 were well-educated， headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 7. Do you like the book 　from which　 she learned a lot？ 8. Do you like the book 　about which　 she often talks？ 9. Do you like the book 　for which　 she paid $10？ 10. Wind power is an ancient source of energy to 　which　 we may return in the near future. Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”合并句子 1. The man is very good at wrestling. I spoke to him on the phone last night. 　The man to whom I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.　 2. I joined the organization on that day. I will never forget the day. 　I will never forget the day on which I joined the organization.　 3. Water is the natural medium. The fish live in it. 　Water is the natural medium in which the fish live.　 4. Great changes have taken place in the factory. We are working in the factory. 　Great changes have taken place in the factory in which we are working.　 5. They went to a mountain. At the foot of the mountain was a beautiful village. 　They went to a mountain at the foot of which was a beautiful village.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$