UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word练习）【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas [对应素能提升训练第46页] [基础语用题] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. Don’t you realize the damage these 　chemicals　（化学品）are doing to our environment？ 2. Well， I’ve found our 　position　（位置）on the map if you want to see where we are. 3.　Charity　（慈善）is one of the best investments we can make in our common future. 4. There may never be agreement on the cause of the flash 　crash　（暴跌）. 5. Therefore， we must take some measures to protect 　whales　（鲸）and to save our friends. 6. It’s reported that the 　professor　（教授）has succeeded in carrying out this experiment. 7. Small as it is， the ant is as much a 　creature　（生物）as any other animal on the earth. 8. If you do this， you’ll almost always reach your 　annual　（每年的）goal. 9. Despite a shortage of steel， industrial output has still increased by five 　percent　（百分比）. 10. There are some tall trees on the hill and some 　measure　（测量）30 metres. Ⅱ.短语填空 know about；in trouble；find out；in search of；make sure；once again；as much as；cut down；lead to；feed on 1. If you are in the absence of social skills， it can 　lead to　 many problems. 2. Let me remind you 　once again　 so that you won’t forget. 3. On no condition should you lose heart when you are 　in trouble　. 4. You must 　cut down　 on sugar to lose weight. 5. The family all went out 　in search of　 their missing child. 6. The whale does not 　feed on　 small fish. 7. Internet shopping will ready take off when people 　make sure　 that it is safe. 8. Actually I 　find out　 that I still have some bad learning habits as well. 9. Now I want to 　know about　 this thing from beginning to end. 10. Tour prices are being discounted 　as much as　 33％. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1. It was 　amazing　（amaze）that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly. 2. He was determined 　to get　（get）there even at the risk of his life. 3. It took an hour to find the solution 　to　 the difficult problem. 4. All the teachers and schoolmates donate blood to the nation 　annually　（annual）. 5. With more and more forests 　destroyed　（destroy）， we must take action to protect our earth. 6. Global warming is having a great effect 　on　 hundreds of plant and animal species around the world. 7. The tree over there is so tall that I suppose it 　measures　（measure）nearly twenty metres. 8. You should seek advice 　from　 your English teacher on this matter， Tom. 9. Overfishing and pollution are threatening the 　survival　（survive）of certain fish species. 10.　Eventually　（eventual）， the young boy got a job in the local company. Ⅳ.完成句子 1. He thought of a very good way 　to stop the car from being stolen　. 他想出了一个很好的办法来阻止汽车被偷。 2. As a matter of fact， 　the more　 a student is encouraged， 　the harder　 he will learn. 事实上， 一个学生越受鼓励， 他越努力学习。 3. The witnesses 　questioned by the police just now　 gave very different descriptions of the fight. 刚才被警察询问的证人对打架作出了不同的描述。 4. I’d like to know the reason 　why you are late once again　. 我想知道你再次迟到的原因。 5. He 　has been learning English so hard　 that he can do a good job in the negotiation. 他一直努力学习英语， 所以他能在谈判中表现出色。 [能力提升题] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A （秦皇岛高一期末）People use laughter to connect and bond with others. It’s how we tell friends that we find their jokes funny， or how kids in a park show that they are having fun. Laughter is so important to humans， even if they belong to different cultures or speak different languages. What about animals？ Scientists are studying if there is a connection between animals’ laughing and playing. Sasha Winkler， from the University of California， Los Angeles（UCLA）， studies biological anthropology（人类学）， including the study of animal behavior. She noticed that the small monkeys she worked with， liked to play together by chasing each other. While having fun together， they made panting（喘气）sounds， almost like they were out of breath， which reminded Winkler of their quiet laughter. This made Winkler wonder whether other animals did so while they were playing. To find out whether other animals laugh and play， Winkler teamed up with another scientist named Greg Bryant， a professor and vice chair in the Department of Communication at UCLA. Together， they found and read dozens of reports written by other scientists who study animals. Winkler and Bryant looked for any mentions in any animal of sound signaling like the panting of the monkeys during their playing. In April 2022， Winkler and Bryant published their findings in a science journal. Through their research， they identified 65 species or groups of animals， which laugh while playing. The animals that laugh the most include primates（灵长类）like monkeys and apes， rodents（啮齿动物）like rats， and mammals that live in the ocean like dolphins. Their work won’t only help us understand animals better but it could also help us understand how humans develop or change over time. Next， they will carry on more study to find more. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Winkler和Bryant对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的科学研究。 1. What is the function of paragraph 1？ A. To conclude the main idea. B. To put forward the topic. C. To offer the supporting evidences. D. To add the background information. 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“What about animals？ Scientists are studying if there is a connection between animals’ laughing and playing.（动物们是怎样的呢？科学家们正在研究动物的笑与玩耍之间是否有联系。）”可知， 第一段的作用是为了引出本文探讨的主题：对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的研究。故选B。 答案　B 2. What are the small monkeys like when they are having fun？ A. They can hardly breathe. B. They tend to laugh separately. C. They laugh at a low sound. D. They don’t laugh at all. 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“While having fun together， they made panting（喘气）sounds， almost like they were out of breath， which reminded Winkler of their quiet laughter.（当一起玩得高兴时， 它们会发出喘气的声音， 就像喘不过气似的， 这使Winkler想起了它们不出声的笑。）”可知， 小猩猩们在玩耍时会低声笑。故选C。 答案　C 3. What do we know about Winkler and Bryant’s study？ A. It is great progress in the study of animals and humans. B. It is only based on the findings in a science journal. C. Over 65 groups of animals laugh while playing. D. They do the research only by studying primates and rodents. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Their work won’t only help us understand animals better but it could also help us understand how humans develop or change over time.（他们的工作不仅能帮助我们更好地了解动物， 还能帮助我们了解人类是如何随着时间的推移而发展变化的。）”可知， Winkler和Bryant的研究有重要意义， 是关于动物和人类研究的重大进展。故选A。 答案　A 4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？ A. Science. B. Education. C. Health. D. Entertainment. 解析　文章出处题。本文主要讲述了Winkler和Bryant对于动物的笑与玩耍之间联系的科学研究。结合第一段“Scientists are studying if there is a connection between animals’ laughing and playing.（科学家们正在研究动物的笑与玩耍之间是否有联系。）”推知， 文章最可能出自报纸的科学板块。故选A。 答案　A B （沈阳市郊联体高一期中）You might have heard about how honey bees are doing poorly these days. It’s different， though， from the situation many of the world’s vulnerable（脆弱的）animals find themselves in. We want them to live their lives and grow stronger， but are we willing to change our lifestyles to make it happen？The decrease in honey bees is a bit different， because if honey bees can’t live well， neither can people and， eventually people won’t eat as a result. As happened in 2017， U. S. beekeepers lost 40 percent of their bees because of a disease. It’s really about the earnings of beekeepers and the reduced amount of bees. But it doesn’t stop there. Honey bees go around doing pollination（授粉）. And do you know what need to be pollinated？That’s our crops. The United States Department of Agriculture（USDA）estimates bees pollinate about $15 billion worth of apples and peaches each year in the United States alone. So， we 21st-century humans not only take notice， but also start trying to fix the problem. It’s infeasible that we give every bee the treatment. We can’t imagine how huge the task is and how hard we carry on it！ The most promising immediate solution seems to prevent the disease. That’s where the bee vaccine（疫苗）comes. Scientists have long thought immunizing（使免疫）bees will be unworkable， but a 2015 study discovered that bees transfer immunity to their babies through protein. Vaccinating a bee won’t help that bee， but if you vaccinate the queen of bees， she can pass her immunity on to her later generations through her eggs. The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood（AFB）， a serious disease that quickly destroys bees. It’s in the testing phases and most likely headed for bee boxes near you. And don’t worry， it doesn’t require a tiny doctor’s chair and needle to deliver the vaccine—the queen bee can drink the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her later generations. [语篇导读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂是一种脆弱的动物， 蜜蜂数量的减少对人类也有巨大影响。我们需要采取一些措施去帮助蜜蜂， 比如研究疫苗， 而这种疫苗是通过“注射”给蜂后而发挥作用的。 5. What does exactly the author intend to tell us through the 2017 beekeepers’ incident？ A. The beekeepers lead a terrible life. B. The number of bees continues to decrease. C. The decline of bees affects the production of grain. D. The pollination work of bees is huge and complicated. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“As happened in 2017， U. S. beekeepers lost 40 per cent of their bees because of a disease.（与2017年一样， 美国养蜂人因为一种疾病失去了40％的蜜蜂。）”提及了2017年养蜂人失去蜜蜂的事件， 同时通过“But it doesn’t stop there.（但这还不止于此。）”逐渐过渡到“失去蜜蜂事件”导致的最终结果“And do you know what need to be pollinated？That’s our crops.（你知道什么需要授粉吗？是我们的作物。）”可知， 蜜蜂授粉对于农作物有着重要作用。由此可推知， 失去蜜蜂会对农作物在授粉方面有影响， 从而影响农作物的产量。由此可知， 选项C“The decline of bees affects the production of grain.（蜜蜂数量的减少影响了谷物的产量。）”是作者打算通过2017年的养蜂人事件来告诉我们的。故选C。 答案　C 6. What does the underlined word “infeasible” in paragraph 3 mean？ A. Practical. B. Impossible. C. Harmful. D. Convenient. 解析　词义猜测题。后文“We can’t imagine how huge the task is and how hard we carry on it！（我们无法想象这项任务有多么艰巨， 我们进行得多么艰难！）”是对“It’s 　infeasible　 that we give every bee the treatment.”的进一步解释， 后文表达了治疗每一只蜜蜂任务的艰巨性和艰难， 由此可知， 该任务是“不可能”完成的任务。故选B。 答案　B 7. What does paragraph 4 suggest？ A. The bee vaccine is hard to develop. B. Bees will learn skills from the queen. C. Bees can transfer immunity to each other. D. The bee vaccine can take effect in the long run. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“but a 2015 study discovered that bees transfer immunity to their babies through protein（但是2015年的一项研究发现， 蜜蜂通过蛋白质将免疫力传递给它们的宝宝）”可知， 该段主要讲述了蜜蜂疫苗可以通过蜂后的繁衍能力将对该蜜蜂疾病的免疫力“遗传”给后代， 即， 一旦蜂后“打了”疫苗， 蜜蜂的后代就会受益于该疫苗， 就可以长期有效。故选D。 答案　D 8. What can be inferred about the vaccine from the last paragraph？ A. It’s applied to all sick bees. B. It will be delivered to bees by skilled doctors. C. It works by allowing the queen of bees to take it. D. It has been put into use and makes many bees survive. 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“the queen bee can drink the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her later generations（蜂后可以在一点糖水中喝下药物， 并将其传给后代）”可知， 该疫苗的接种方式是通过让蜂后喝下含有药物（疫苗）的糖水传给后代。故选C。 答案　C Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　Photographer David J. Slater was following a group of monkeys through the forest when he had a bright idea. What would happen if he left them alone with his camera？ 　1　 The clever monkeys hit buttons（按钮）with their long， black fingers. They smiled and showed their teeth as they looked at the camera. The monkeys played with the camera until—snap， snap， snap！ Naruto， a 6-year-old with bright-orange eyes， took some selfies（自拍）. Years later， a newspaper paid Slater to post the photos online. Then another website posted them—and another. Within hours， Naruto’s selfies were seen everywhere. 　2　 People became interested in Naruto’s species， the crested black macaque（黑冠猴）. These monkeys are often killed for their meat. 　3　 Humans have been cutting down the trees the monkeys live in to make way for farms and roads. Soon a group of people fighting for animal rights had an idea： Naruto took the photos. Doesn’t that mean Naruto owns them—and the right to sell them？ The group decided to take Slater to court（法庭）. 　4　 They wanted that money to be used to protect Naruto’s species. In September， the group made a deal with Slater. He will give away 25 percent of the money from Naruto’s selfies. That money will be used to protect crested black macaques. Naruto didn’t know what would happen when he snapped his silly selfies. 　5　 The attention might just save their lives. A. The selfies made money. B. Slater refused their suggestion. C. The monkey took the photograph of itself. D. But he’s lucky that he made his species famous. E. But even those that avoid being killed are in danger. F. You could even buy the pictures on T-shirts and postcards. G. Slater placed the camera on a stand， and then stepped back to watch. [语篇导读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了摄影师Slater让猴子和相机单独待在一起的灵感让一只名为Naruto的黑冠猴拍下了自拍， 后来这些自拍广为传播， 人们开始关注这一物种， 并有一群人为这一物种争取到了一部分自拍赚来的钱， 用于保护它们。 1.解析　前文“What would happen if he left them alone with his camera？（如果他让它们单独和他的相机在一起会发生什么？）”说明摄影师Slater的主意：让猴子和相机单独待在一起， 后文“The clever monkeys hit buttons（按钮）with their long， black fingers. They smiled and showed their teeth as they looked at the camera.（聪明的猴子用又长又黑的手指按按钮。它们看着镜头， 微笑着露出牙齿。）”描述猴子们拿到相机后做的事情， G项“Slater placed the camera on a stand， and then stepped back to watch.（Slater把相机放在一个架子上， 然后退后观看。）”符合语境， 说明Slater的举动， 承接前文他的主意， 引起后文猴子们的举动。故选G。 答案　G 2.解析　前文“Years later， a newspaper paid Slater to post the photos online. Then another website posted them—and another. Within hours， Naruto’s selfies were seen everywhere.（几年后， 一家报纸付钱给Slater， 让他把这些照片上传到网上。然后另一个网站又发布了这些照片——紧接着另一个。几个小时之内， Naruto的自拍就随处可见。）”讲述Slater相机中的Naruto自拍在网上传播， 随处可见， F项“You could even buy the pictures on T-shirts and postcards.（你甚至可以买到T恤和明信片上的照片。）”符合语境， 说明Naruto的自拍传播非常广泛， 承接前文， 进一步说明照片随处可见。故选F。 答案　F 3.解析　前文“These monkeys are often killed for their meat.（这些猴子经常因为它们的肉被杀死。）”说明这些猴子面临被杀死的困境， 后文“Humans have been cutting down the trees the monkeys live in to make way for farms and roads.（人类一直在砍伐猴子居住的树木， 为农场和道路让路。）”说明猴子的居住地受到威胁， E项“But even those that avoid being killed are in danger.（但即使是那些避免被杀的也处于危险之中。）”符合语境， 说明即使猴子不被杀， 也有危险， 其中的being killed呼应前文的are often killed， 句意和前文形成转折， 突出猴子们的生存之难， 居住地受到威胁是其中in danger的原因。故选E。 答案　E 4.解析　后文“They wanted that money to be used to protect Naruto’s species.（他们想用这笔钱来保护Naruto的物种。）”说明主张动物权利的这群人的诉求：用自拍赚取的钱保护动物， A项“The selfies made money.（这些自拍赚钱了。）”符合语境， 引出自拍赚取的钱， 其中money同词复现， 过渡到后文。故选A。 答案　A 5.解析　前文“Naruto didn’t know what would happen when he snapped his silly selfies.（Naruto不知道它傻傻的自拍会发生什么。）”说明Naruto当时自拍是无心之举， 后文“The attention might just save their lives.（这种关注可能会挽救它们的生命。）”解释关注可能挽救动物的生命， D项“But he’s lucky that he made his species famous.（但它很幸运， 它让它的物种出名了。）”符合语境， 说明Naruto让该物种的猴子获取关注， 和前文形成转折， 引出后文的因为关注而被挽救。故选D。 答案　D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$