专题02 冠词(讲案)-2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通(江苏专用)

2024-06-24
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专题01名词-2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通(江苏专用) 专题02 冠词(讲义) 目录 01 考情分析 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 02 知识概览-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 03 必备知识-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 考点一 不定冠词的基本用法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 考点二 不定冠词的特殊用法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 考点三 定冠词的基本用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 考点四、定冠词的特殊用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 考点五、零冠词的用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 考点六、在语法填空中判断冠词考点的运用--------------------------------------------------------------------8 04 关键能力-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 专题02 冠词(讲义) 01 考情分析 考情分析:分析2021-2024年新高考有关冠词的考向分布。 题型 语法填空 高考考点 冠词 新高考I卷 2024 the 2023 a 2022 the 2021 a 新高考II卷 2024 无 2023 the 2022 The 2021 the 新高考浙江卷 2024年1月 the 2023年1月 the 2022年6月 the 2022年1月 the 2021年7月 The 2021年1月 无 02 知识概览 03 必备知识 考点一 不定冠词的基本用法 1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前,an用在以元音音素开头的词前。 In a university,a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里,一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago,an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一小时前,一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物,去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指,泛指某一人或某一物。 The "Chinese Dream" is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony,peace and development."中国梦"是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。 3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。 When the Ashleys tried to make her return,Mumbet consulted a lawyer,Theodore Sedgewick. 当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时,Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多·塞奇威克的律师。 4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间;用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。 —Excuse me,is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood?There is a parcel for him. —Sorry,but there is no such person here. ——劳驾,这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的先生吗?这里有他的包裹。 ——对不起,这儿没有这么一个人。 5.表示单位时间内的频度,含有"每"的概念。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day.这药每天吃三次。 【高考真题】 1.(2022年全国甲卷)______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 2.(2020年1月浙江卷)A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. ( 1.根据语境判断不定冠词表示泛指:(常考点) (1)不定冠词与单数名词连用,泛指一类事物或一类事物中的一个。 (2)用于某人或某物的名字前,指与其具有相同特性的人或物。 (3) 在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。 2. 定冠词 a/an 分析句子结构,发现空后有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑用不定冠词a/an。 ) 考点二、不定冠词的特殊用法 1.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序,而表示"再一,又一"。 She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色,又要了一个。 ①a + most 表示“非常,很”;the + most 表示“最......” ②a + 序数词,表示“又一,再一”;the + 序数词,表示“第......” This is a most interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。 This is the most interesting story. 这是最有趣的一个故事。 He had decided to give it up, but on a second thought he decided to try a third time. 他已经决定放弃,但是转念一想,决定再试一次。 2.用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是什么样的人,是什么样的事物,使本来的抽象名词具体化,使之具有了“一”的概念。 The house is full of joy. The little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物) Failure is the mother of success. He is a success. (一个成功的人或物) He gave me a lot of pleasure. It is a pleasure to work with you. (一件令人愉快的事情) She looked up in surprise. What a great surprise you gave me. (一件令人惊讶的事情) Knowledge is power. He has a wide knowledge of animals. (一门…的知识) He received little education/ a good education. (一种…的教育) 3.某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用,而变成具体化的名词。例如 I like coffee. Would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡) I has just had lunch. I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐) 4.用在被修饰语限定的季节,月份,日期,三餐前,如: On a cold rainy night , the poor man was dragging himself on a street alone. What a wonderful lunch! I enjoy it very much. 5.用在被修饰语限定的独一无二的东西前,如: We all hope to have a peaceful and friendly world. 6.具有动作意义的名词在与have,take,make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时,前面要加不定冠词。如:take a look看一看;have a try试一试。 You had better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。 7.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如:a waste of浪费……;a touch of “一点儿;少许”;all of a sudden突然地;as a rule通常; once in a while偶尔,不时 in a minute一会儿 in a word简言之 get in a word插话 as a result (of)由于,因为 in a hurry匆忙地 be at a loss不知所措 as a matter of fact 实际上 eat at a mouthful 一口吃下one(two, three....)at a time一次一个(两个,三个......) It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起,我把她的生日给忘了。 【高考真题】 1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空)The meat should be fresh with        touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.  2.(2021新课标I)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is     must to visit! 考点三、定冠词的基本用法 1.用在名词前表示特指。 —Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? —Yes,as you know,the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere. ——你昨天玩得开心吗? ——是的,正如你所知,晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。 2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。 Do you know who invented the telephone? 你知道是谁发明了电话吗? 3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较,表示特指的时候)和最高级前。 Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two?你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣? 4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陕西) 据说在十三世纪马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。 【高考真题】 1.(2024·新高考I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 2.(2024年1月浙江高考真题)Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. 3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空)Not the pandas, even though 59.     language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 考点四、定冠词的特殊用法 5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用,表示一类人或事物。 Many of the injured are still in danger. 许多受伤者仍处于危险中。 6.用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour,by the dozen等,但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight,by height等。 —It’s said John will be in a job paying over $ 60,000 a year. —Right,he will also get paid by the week. ——据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60 000美元的工作。 ——是的,而且会按周获得报酬。 7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前,表示全家人或夫妻俩。 The Whites settled down in Canada last year. 去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。 8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。 the east 东部  play the piano 弹钢琴 9.在固定句型中的运用 ①主语+be+the size/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象 Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。 ②主语+be+the+形容词比较级+of/between... He is the taller of the two. 他是两人之中较高的那个。 ③ 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 ④ one of+the+形容词或副词最高级 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。 He is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他是班里最高的孩子之一。 【高考专题】 1.【2022·新高考I卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 考点五、零冠词的用法 1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指,用零冠词。 Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏远地区非常需要教师。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。 Dr. Peter Spence,headmaster of the school,told us,"A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge." 这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们,这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。 3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前;三餐、球类、惯用语前;学科、棋类名词前,用零冠词。 A year can be divided into four seasons — spring,summer,autumn and winter. 一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。 4.no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后的名词不用冠词。 There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. 天下没有免费的午餐。 5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词,但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。 He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher. 他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。 【典例解析】 1.Jogging every morning is ________ good habit.Stick to it, and you'll make ________ great progress. A.a; / B.a; a C.the; a D./; / 2.I started as ________ office clerk, and turned ________ department manager three years later. A.the; the B.an; a C.an; / D.the; / 考点六、在语法填空中判断冠词考点的运用 方法1 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构,发现空后有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑用不定冠词a/an。用不定冠词a/an的常考点: (1)泛指一类人或物,表示概念“一”; (2)在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。 【典例分析】 1.So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes ____________ essential activity in this festival. 2.Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ____________pilot at a flight college in Hebei Province. 3.While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be ____________ enjoyable experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. 方法2 定冠词the 分析句子结构,发现空后有名词,搭配后表示特指时,应考虑用定冠词the。 用定冠词the的常考点: (1)特指某人或某事; (2)用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前以及有only、 very、 same等修饰的名词前; (3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前; (4)用在西洋乐器名词前; (5)用在“逢十”的年代前,表示“在几世纪几十年代”。 【典例分析】 1.In ____________ 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five continents. 2.These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in ____________ history of China. 3.____________outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers. 方法3 固定搭配中的冠词 固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词。 (1)定冠词用在固定搭配中: at the same time, on the contrary, to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, on the spot等; (2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中: catch a cold, have a fever, all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, as a result, have a gift for, make a living, give sb a lift, have a good knowledge of等; (3)动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb+介词+the+身体部位。 【典例分析】 1.That led to ____________ increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic. 2.Olive oil has proven to lower the amount of bad cholesterol (胆固醇), which has ____________ positive impact on the body. 3.Although someone may hang up on you, don't stop on ____________ first try! 4.After 82 days, cycling ____________ total of 5,600 km, he finally got to Mount Qomolangma, passing through six provinces and regions. 04 关键能力 高考评价体系要求:考生能在具体的语境中,准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高冠词运用能力的基本策略: 1.注意在句中的位置 在语法填空题中,空后是名词或者“形容词+名词”,且空前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时,很可能填冠词。 2.注意不定冠词a与an的区别 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a,以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况: (1)有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音,该单词实际上是以元音音素开头的,要使用an, 如an hour、an honest man。 (2)有些单词以元音字母开头,但该单词实际上是以辅音音素开头,要使用a,如a university、a European country。 2.在语篇中灵活运用冠词相关知识 【考例分析】 (2024·江苏省如皋市高三2月高考适应性考试) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 1   (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology. The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 2   (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. The 6G test satellite 3   (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 4   automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 5   (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said. Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 6 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 7   travel at 36,000 kilometers. Positioned as 8 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 9 (systematic), according to China Mobile. China Mobile said 10 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries. ( 58 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题01名词-2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通(江苏专用) 专题02 冠词(讲义) 目录 01 考情分析 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 02 知识概览-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 03 必备知识-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 考点一 不定冠词的基本用法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 考点二 不定冠词的特殊用法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 考点三 定冠词的基本用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 考点四、定冠词的特殊用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 考点五、零冠词的用法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 考点六、在语法填空中判断冠词考点的运用--------------------------------------------------------------------9 04 关键能力-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 专题02 冠词(讲义) 01 考情分析 考情分析:分析2021-2024年新高考有关冠词的考向分布。 题型 语法填空 高考考点 冠词 新高考I卷 2024 the 2023 a 2022 the 2021 a 新高考II卷 2024 无 2023 the 2022 The 2021 the 新高考浙江卷 2024年1月 the 2023年1月 the 2022年6月 the 2022年1月 the 2021年7月 The 2021年1月 无 02 知识概览 03 必备知识 考点一 不定冠词的基本用法 1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前,an用在以元音音素开头的词前。 In a university,a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里,一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago,an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一小时前,一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物,去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指,泛指某一人或某一物。 The "Chinese Dream" is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony,peace and development."中国梦"是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。 3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。 When the Ashleys tried to make her return,Mumbet consulted a lawyer,Theodore Sedgewick. 当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时,Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多·塞奇威克的律师。 4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间;用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。 —Excuse me,is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood?There is a parcel for him. —Sorry,but there is no such person here. ——劳驾,这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的先生吗?这里有他的包裹。 ——对不起,这儿没有这么一个人。 5.表示单位时间内的频度,含有"每"的概念。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day.这药每天吃三次。 【高考真题】 1.(2022年全国甲卷)______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词。他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,用a,注意首字母大写。故填A。 2.(2020年1月浙江卷)A child born in the US today has _________very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly. 【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意:今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上,因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且very为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。 ( 1.根据语境判断不定冠词表示泛指:(常考点) (1)不定冠词与单数名词连用,泛指一类事物或一类事物中的一个。 (2)用于某人或某物的名字前,指与其具有相同特性的人或物。 (3) 在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。 2. 定冠词 a/an 分析句子结构,发现空后有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑用不定冠词a/an。 ) 考点二、不定冠词的特殊用法 1.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序,而表示"再一,又一"。 She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色,又要了一个。 ①a + most 表示“非常,很”;the + most 表示“最......” ②a + 序数词,表示“又一,再一”;the + 序数词,表示“第......” This is a most interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。 This is the most interesting story. 这是最有趣的一个故事。 He had decided to give it up, but on a second thought he decided to try a third time. 他已经决定放弃,但是转念一想,决定再试一次。 2.用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是什么样的人,是什么样的事物,使本来的抽象名词具体化,使之具有了“一”的概念。 The house is full of joy. The little girl is a joy to her parents. (令人高兴的人或物) Failure is the mother of success. He is a success. (一个成功的人或物) He gave me a lot of pleasure. It is a pleasure to work with you. (一件令人愉快的事情) She looked up in surprise. What a great surprise you gave me. (一件令人惊讶的事情) Knowledge is power. He has a wide knowledge of animals. (一门…的知识) He received little education/ a good education. (一种…的教育) 3.某些物质名词也可以和不定冠词连用,而变成具体化的名词。例如 I like coffee. Would you like a coffee? (一杯咖啡) I has just had lunch. I has just had a big lunch. (一顿丰盛的午餐) 4.用在被修饰语限定的季节,月份,日期,三餐前,如: On a cold rainy night , the poor man was dragging himself on a street alone. What a wonderful lunch! I enjoy it very much. 5.用在被修饰语限定的独一无二的东西前,如: We all hope to have a peaceful and friendly world. 6.具有动作意义的名词在与have,take,make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时,前面要加不定冠词。如:take a look看一看;have a try试一试。 You had better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。 7.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如:a waste of浪费……;a touch of “一点儿;少许”;all of a sudden突然地;as a rule通常; once in a while偶尔,不时 in a minute一会儿 in a word简言之 get in a word插话 as a result (of)由于,因为 in a hurry匆忙地 be at a loss不知所措 as a matter of fact 实际上 eat at a mouthful 一口吃下one(two, three....)at a time一次一个(两个,三个......) It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起,我把她的生日给忘了。 【高考真题】 1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空)The meat should be fresh with        touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.  【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点儿甜味,汤应该是热的、清澈的和美味的。a touch of “一点儿;少许”为常用搭配,touch“一点儿;少许”常用作单数。故填a。 2.(2021新课标I)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is     must to visit! 【答案】a 【解析】句意为:你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山!泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a. 考点三、定冠词的基本用法 1.用在名词前表示特指。 —Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? —Yes,as you know,the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere. ——你昨天玩得开心吗? ——是的,正如你所知,晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。 2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。 Do you know who invented the telephone? 你知道是谁发明了电话吗? 3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较,表示特指的时候)和最高级前。 Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two?你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣? 4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陕西) 据说在十三世纪马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。 【高考真题】 1.(2024·新高考I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。 2.(2024年1月浙江高考真题)Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空)Not the pandas, even though 59.     language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 【答案】the  【解析】考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练说明中使用的语言实际上是英语。空后名词language为可数名词,根据后面used for the medical training instructions可知,此处language表示特指,故本空应用定冠词the。 考点四、定冠词的特殊用法 5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用,表示一类人或事物。 Many of the injured are still in danger. 许多受伤者仍处于危险中。 6.用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour,by the dozen等,但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight,by height等。 —It’s said John will be in a job paying over $ 60,000 a year. —Right,he will also get paid by the week. ——据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60 000美元的工作。 ——是的,而且会按周获得报酬。 7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前,表示全家人或夫妻俩。 The Whites settled down in Canada last year. 去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。 8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。 the east 东部  play the piano 弹钢琴 9.在固定句型中的运用 ①主语+be+the size/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象 Our building is twice the height of yours. 我们的大楼是你们的大楼的两倍高。 ②主语+be+the+形容词比较级+of/between... He is the taller of the two. 他是两人之中较高的那个。 ③ 主语+be+the+形容词或副词最高级 Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 ④ one of+the+形容词或副词最高级 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河之一。 He is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他是班里最高的孩子之一。 【高考专题】 1.【2022·新高考I卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). Covering an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】 ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 【答案】The 【解析】考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 考点五、零冠词的用法 1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指,用零冠词。 Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏远地区非常需要教师。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。 Dr. Peter Spence,headmaster of the school,told us,"A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge." 这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们,这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。 3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前;三餐、球类、惯用语前;学科、棋类名词前,用零冠词。 A year can be divided into four seasons — spring,summer,autumn and winter. 一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。 4.no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后的名词不用冠词。 There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. 天下没有免费的午餐。 5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词,但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。 He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher. 他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。 【典例解析】 1.Jogging every morning is ________ good habit.Stick to it, and you'll make ________ great progress. A.a; / B.a; a C.the; a D./; / 【答案】A  【解析】句意:每天早上慢跑是个好习惯。坚持下去,你就会取得很大进步。“________ good habit”泛指“一个好习惯”,第一空应用不定冠词a;progress为不可数名词,make progress为固定词组,表示“取得进步”,第二空不填。故A项正确。 2.I started as ________ office clerk, and turned ________ department manager three years later. A.the; the B.an; a C.an; / D.the; / 【答案】C  【解析】句意:我从一名办公室职员做起,3年后成了部门经理。________ office clerk表示“一名办公室职员”,用不定冠词an; turn表示“变成”时后面作表语的名词前不用冠词。 考点六、在语法填空中判断冠词考点的运用 方法1 不定冠词a/an分析句子结构,发现空后有单数可数名词,搭配后表示泛指时,应考虑用不定冠词a/an。用不定冠词a/an的常考点: (1)泛指一类人或物,表示概念“一”; (2)在序数词前,表示“又一,再一”。 【典例分析】 1.So enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum also becomes ____________ essential activity in this festival. 【答案】an  【解析】考查冠词。activity是可数名词的单数形式,此处泛指“一项重要的活动”,且essential的读音以元音音素开头,故填an。 2.Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as ____________pilot at a flight college in Hebei Province. 【答案】a  【解析】考查冠词。pilot是单数可数名词,此处泛指“一个飞行员”,应用不定冠词修饰,故填a。 3.While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be ____________ enjoyable experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. 【答案】an  【解析】考查冠词。experience是可数名词,此处泛指“一种愉快的体验”,且enjoyable的读音以元音音素开头,故填an。 方法2 定冠词the 分析句子结构,发现空后有名词,搭配后表示特指时,应考虑用定冠词the。 用定冠词the的常考点: (1)特指某人或某事; (2)用在序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前以及有only、 very、 same等修饰的名词前; (3)用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前; (4)用在西洋乐器名词前; (5)用在“逢十”的年代前,表示“在几世纪几十年代”。 【典例分析】 1.In ____________ 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five continents. 【答案】the  【解析】考查冠词。In the 1920s and 1930s“在二十世纪二三十年代”,为固定搭配。 2.These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar, the first well documented calendar in ____________ history of China. 【答案】the  【解析】考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处特指在中国历史上,应用定冠词the。 3.____________outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers. 【答案】The  【解析】考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处特指古建筑的外部,outside前应用定冠词The。 方法3 固定搭配中的冠词 固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词。 (1)定冠词用在固定搭配中: at the same time, on the contrary, to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, on the spot等; (2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中: catch a cold, have a fever, all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, as a result, have a gift for, make a living, give sb a lift, have a good knowledge of等; (3)动词(catch/take/hit等)+sb+介词+the+身体部位。 【典例分析】 1.That led to ____________ increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic. 【答案】an  【解析】考查冠词。根据句中的increasing number of可知,此处应用不定冠词an,短语an increasing number of 表示“越来越多……”。 2.Olive oil has proven to lower the amount of bad cholesterol (胆固醇), which has ____________ positive impact on the body. 【答案】a  【解析】考查冠词。短语have an impact on表示“对……有影响”,名词impact前有形容词positive修饰,故填a。 3.Although someone may hang up on you, don't stop on ____________ first try! 【答案】the  【解析】考查冠词。first为序数词,此处应用定冠词the,on the first try意为“第一次尝试”。 4.After 82 days, cycling ____________ total of 5,600 km, he finally got to Mount Qomolangma, passing through six provinces and regions. 【答案】a  【解析】考查冠词。固定短语a total of 意为“总共”,故填a。 04 关键能力 高考评价体系要求:考生能在具体的语境中,准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高冠词运用能力的基本策略: 1.注意在句中的位置 在语法填空题中,空后是名词或者“形容词+名词”,且空前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时,很可能填冠词。 2.注意不定冠词a与an的区别 以辅音音素开头的单词前使用a,以元音音素开头的单词前使用an。但要注意以下两种情况: (1)有些单词开头的辅音字母并不发音,该单词实际上是以元音音素开头的,要使用an, 如an hour、an honest man。 (2)有些单词以元音字母开头,但该单词实际上是以辅音音素开头,要使用a,如a university、a European country。 2.在语篇中灵活运用冠词相关知识 【考例分析】 (2024·江苏省如皋市高三2月高考适应性考试) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 1   (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology. The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 2   (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology. The 6G test satellite 3   (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 4   automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 5   (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said. Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 6 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 7   travel at 36,000 kilometers. Positioned as 8 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 9 (systematic), according to China Mobile. China Mobile said 10 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries. 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国移动成功发射了世界首颗6G测试卫星,采用分布式自主架构,支持在轨软件重构和灵活部署,提供低延迟和高数据传输速率。这颗卫星位于低地球轨道,可弥补信号覆盖空白,为未来集成空地网络提供关键平台。计划基于这些测试卫星进行在轨实验,推动空地技术产业发展。 1.marking考查非谓语动词。句意:中国移动,全球最大的移动通信运营商,成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索集成空间和地面通信技术的努力取得了重要进展。分析句子,句中has launched为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,此处“成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星”该事件与mark之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作状语。故填marking。 2.was launched考查动词时态和语态。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句中on Saturday表示动作发生在过去,故使用一般过去时。同时it指代前文的The low-earth orbit test satellite,其与launch之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。 3.hosts考查动词时态。句意:6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构,由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子表述客观事实,故使用一般现在时,主语是单数,应用第三人称单数形式。故填hosts。 4.and考查连词。句意:中国移动表示,该系统采用国产软硬件,支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理,提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。分析句子,此处in-orbit software reconstruction与 flexible deployment of core network functions与后文的automated management构成并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。 5.reliability考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用reliable的名词reliability作宾语,意为“可靠性”,不可数。故填reliability。 6.compared考查非谓语动词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与运行在36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,它们具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。分析句子,句中offer为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词。同时,these experimental satellites与compare之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系。故填compared。 7.which/that考查定语从句。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处引导的是限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词high-orbit satellites ,为物,故使用that或者which。故填that或which。 8.a考查冠词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,低地球轨道卫星可以解决地面移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,系统地提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。分析句子,句中platform为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故设空处使用不定冠词。同时其修饰词crucial首字母为辅音音素,应用a。故填a。 9.systematically考查副词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用systematic的副词systematically作状语,修饰动词,意为“系统地”。故填systematically。 10.it考查代词。句意:中国移动表示,计划在这些测试卫星的基础上进行在轨实验,加快空间对地面技术产业的融合和发展。分析句子,句中缺少主语,故使用代词,此处指代China Mobile。故填it。 ( 58 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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