专题02 代词、介词和介词短语-【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）

【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（全国通用）原卷版 专题02 代词、介词和介词短语 第一部分：代词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1反身代词用法（作宾语、表语、同位语） （5年4考） 2024九省联考卷--themselves; 2022北京卷--themselves; 2021浙江卷--herself; 2020新课标卷--themselves。 1.考查反身代词作宾语、表语、同位语的用法。 2.考查人称代词作主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的用法。 3.考查不定代词one, ones, that, those替代用法。 考点2人称代词用法（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词） （5年8考） 2024全国甲卷--its； 2024全国甲卷—me改为mine； 2023新课标I卷--their; 2023全国甲卷--we改为us; 2023全国乙卷--his改为her; 2022全国乙卷--its; 2021新课标I卷--mine; 2021全国乙卷--its; 2020全国I卷--its 考点3不定代词用法（one, ones, that, those替代用法） （5年2考） 2024浙江1月卷—ones； 2024天津3月卷—one。 考点一：反身代词用法（作宾语、表语、同位语） 1. (2024九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of (they). 2.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 3.（2021浙江卷）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 4.（2020新课标卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 考点二：人称代词用法（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词） 5. （2024全国甲卷）This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 6.（2024全国甲卷）Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. 7.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 8.（2023全国甲卷）In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. 9.（2023全国乙卷）Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. 10.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____________ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 11.（2021新课标I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 12.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ____________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. 13.（2020全国I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 考点四：不定代词用法（one, ones, that, those替代用法） 14. (2024浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 65 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 15.(2024天津3月卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．it B．that C．this D．one 第二部分：介词和介词短语 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1“动词+介词”构成的短语的用法 （5年4考） 2024新课标I –stand as 2022新课标I卷—serve as; 2021浙江1月卷—increase by; 2020全国II卷—be associated with; 2020浙江6月卷—live in; 2020新课标卷--compete for; 2020天津卷--keep an eye on; 2021浙江6月卷—buy sth for money; 2020北京卷—fall to/into pieces; 1.考查“动词+介词”构成的短语的用法。需要考生对下列动词构成的短语加以积累：add, catch, fall, look, give, keep, make, put, set, take… 2.考查“介词+名词”短语，尤其是“in+名词”，“on+名词”, “with+名词”, “to+名词”等 3.考查“be+形容词+介词”短语用法，常考形容词有interested, passionate, curious, angry, strict等。 4.考查易混介词习惯用法，如at ease, with ease, by hand等。 5.介词用法比较繁杂，规律性不是很明显，需要考生平时加强积累和考后反馈，举一反三。 考点2考查介词短语用法 （5年4考） 2023天津3月卷—in honor of; 2022全国甲卷—from…to…; 2022北京卷—in the evening; 2021全国甲卷—in the Tang Dynasty; 2021全国乙卷—not…until; 2020天津卷—in the shape of ; 2020江苏卷—in contact with。 考点3考查易混介词习惯用法 （5年4考） 2024全国甲卷—for sb to do 2024九省联考卷—with…pens; 2023浙江1月卷—as capital of China; 2022全国乙卷was named by; 2020浙江1月卷—is driven by。 考点一：“动词+介词”短语 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 2.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 3. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men. 4. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents. 5. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture. 6. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 7. (2020天津卷) I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye __________ him. 8. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 9. (2020北京卷) Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart __________countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. 考点二：介词短语用法 10.（2023天津6月卷）China is a shining example for the global community to follow _________developing green industry to fight climate change. A．in addition to B．in return for C．in terms of D．in agreement with 11.（2023天津3月卷）Dragon Boat Festival is held ________ Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China. A．in honor of B．in search of C．in the hope of D．in the face of 12.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 13.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking down the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 14. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 15. (2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 16. (2020天津卷) For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake __________ the shape of a monkey. 17. (2020江苏卷) Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact __________ someone who shares your interests. 考点三：易混介词习惯用法 18.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 15. (2024九省联考卷) He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also __________ old fashioned fountain pens. 16. (2023浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history ___________ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. 17.（2022全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 18. (2020浙江1月卷)This aging of the population is driven __________ two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before. ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（全国通用）解析版 专题02 代词、介词和介词短语 第一部分：代词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1反身代词用法（作宾语、表语、同位语） （5年4考） 2024九省联考卷--themselves; 2022北京卷--themselves; 2021浙江卷--herself; 2020新课标卷--themselves。 1.考查反身代词作宾语、表语、同位语的用法。 2.考查人称代词作主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词的用法。 3.考查不定代词one, ones, that, those替代用法。 考点2人称代词用法（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词） （5年8考） 2024全国甲卷--its； 2024全国甲卷—me改为mine； 2023新课标I卷--their; 2023全国甲卷--we改为us; 2023全国乙卷--his改为her; 2022全国乙卷--its; 2021新课标I卷--mine; 2021全国乙卷--its; 2020全国I卷--its 考点3不定代词用法（one, ones, that, those替代用法） （5年2考） 2024浙江1月卷—ones； 2024天津3月卷—one。 考点一：反身代词用法（作宾语、表语、同位语） 1. (2024九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of (they). 1. themselves 【解析】考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。 2.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 2. themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 3.（2021浙江卷）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 3. herself 【解析】考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。 4.（2020新课标卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 4. themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。 考点二：人称代词用法（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词） 5. （2024全国甲卷）This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 5. its 【解析】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 6.（2024全国甲卷）Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. 6. me改成mine 【解析】考查代词。句意：我很好奇，和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。a friend of mine我的一个朋友。介词of后接是名词性物主代词作宾语。故将me改成mine。 7.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 7. their。 解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 8.（2023全国甲卷）In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. 8. we改为us。 解析：考查代词。句意：在那节课上，我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作动词show的宾语，应用宾格us。故we改为us。 9.（2023全国乙卷）Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. 9.his改为her。 解析：考查代词。句意：上周五，我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”，应用代词her。故his改为her。 10.（2022全国乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____________ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 10. its 【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 11.（2021新课标I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 11. mine 【解析】考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine代替my memory。 12.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ____________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. 12. its 【解析】句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。 13.（2020全国I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 13. its 【解析】考查代词。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 考点四：不定代词用法（one, ones, that, those替代用法） 14. (2024浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 65 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 14. ones 【解析】考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 15.(2024天津3月卷)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．it B．that C．this D．one 15.【答案】D 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。A. it它；B. that那个；C. this这个；D. one一个。分析句子，此处表示泛指过暑假的地方，one指代的刚提到过的同一类人或物。故选D。 第二部分：介词和介词短语 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1“动词+介词”构成的短语的用法 （5年4考） 2024新课标I –stand as 2022新课标I卷—serve as; 2021浙江1月卷—increase by; 2020全国II卷—be associated with; 2020浙江6月卷—live in; 2020新课标卷--compete for; 2020天津卷--keep an eye on; 2021浙江6月卷—buy sth for money; 2020北京卷—fall to/into pieces; 1.考查“动词+介词”构成的短语的用法。需要考生对下列动词构成的短语加以积累：add, catch, fall, look, give, keep, make, put, set, take… 2.考查“介词+名词”短语，尤其是“in+名词”，“on+名词”, “with+名词”, “to+名词”等 3.考查“be+形容词+介词”短语用法，常考形容词有interested, passionate, curious, angry, strict等。 4.考查易混介词习惯用法，如at ease, with ease, by hand等。 5.介词用法比较繁杂，规律性不是很明显，需要考生平时加强积累和考后反馈，举一反三。 考点2考查介词短语用法 （5年4考） 2023天津3月卷—in honor of; 2022全国甲卷—from…to…; 2022北京卷—in the evening; 2021全国甲卷—in the Tang Dynasty; 2021全国乙卷—not…until; 2020天津卷—in the shape of ; 2020江苏卷—in contact with。 考点3考查易混介词习惯用法（5年4考） 2024全国甲卷—for sb to do 2024九省联考卷—with…pens; 2023浙江1月卷—as capital of China; 2022全国乙卷was named by; 2020浙江1月卷—is driven by。 考点一：“动词+介词”短语 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 1. as 【解析】考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 2.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 2. as。 【解析】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。 3. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men. 3. by 【解析】考查介词。increase by是固定词组，表示“增加了……”，by表示数量的变化。 4. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents. 4. with 【解析】考查介词。be associated with是固定词组，表示“与……有联系”。 5. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture. 5. in 【解析】考查介词。公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。 6. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 6. for 【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”。 7. (2020天津卷) I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye __________ him. 7. on 【解析】考查介词。keep an eye on 是固定词组，表示“关照，注意”。 8. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 8. for 【解析】考查介词。buy sth for money是固定搭配，表示“用……价钱买东西”。 9. (2020北京卷) Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart __________countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. 9. to/into 【解析】考查介词。fall apart是固定词组，表示“坍塌，破碎”，后面to/into表示结果。 考点二：介词短语用法 10.（2023天津6月卷）China is a shining example for the global community to follow _________developing green industry to fight climate change. A．in addition to B．in return for C．in terms of D．in agreement with 10.【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：中国是国际社会发展绿色产业应对气候变化的光辉榜样。A. in additon to除……之外；B. in return for作为……的回报；C.in terms of就……而言；从……方面（说来）；D. in agreement with同意，与……一致。根据语意，中国在发展绿色产业应对气候变化方面来说是光辉的榜样。故选C。 11.（2023天津3月卷）Dragon Boat Festival is held ________ Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China. A．in honor of B．in search of C．in the hope of D．in the face of 11.【答案】A 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：端午节是为了纪念中国古代著名诗人屈原而举行的。A. in honor of为了纪念；B. in search of寻找；C. in the hope of希望；D. in the face of面对。由上文“Dragon Boat Festival is held”和下文“Qu Yuan, a well-known poet in ancient China.”可知，端午节是为了纪念中国古代著名诗人屈原，“为了纪念”为固定搭配in honor of，故选A。 12.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 12. from。 【解析】考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 13.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking down the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 13. in 【解析】考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 14. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 14. in 【解析】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。 15. (2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 15. until 【解析】考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。 16. (2020天津卷) For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake __________ the shape of a monkey. 16. in 【解析】考查介词。in the shape of是固定词组，表示“以……的形状”。 17. (2020江苏卷) Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact __________ someone who shares your interests. 17. with 【解析】考查介词。in contact with是固定词组，表示“与……保持联系”。 考点三：易混介词习惯用法 18.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 18. for 【解析】考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。故填for。 15. (2024九省联考卷) He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also __________ old fashioned fountain pens. 15. with 【解析】考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。 16. (2023浙江1月卷)Thanks to Beijing’s long history ___________ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. 16. as 考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。 17.（2022全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___________ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 17. by。 【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月47日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 18. (2020浙江1月卷)This aging of the population is driven __________ two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before. 18. by 【解析】考查介词。此句为被动语态，介词by的宾语是动作的执行者。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$