精品解析：2024届山东省滨州市高三下学期二模联考英语试题

高 三 英 语 试 题 2024.5 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 4 brilliant hybrid bikes for urban or off-road use From commuting to riding for leisure or exercise, cycling is popular as a pastime in our towns and cities. There are various types of bikes that you can use to get around, depending on your interests and lifestyle. Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike This Schwinn bike is multi-use, with gravel tyres that are great for country roads and paths as well as more traditional roads. The bike has a relatively low sports-like frame with inward-facing handlebars, as well as a height-adjustable seat for comfort. Specifications: Wheel size — 28 inches Frame material — aluminium Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike With a sturdy but lightweight alloy steel frame, this bike is a solid choice for commuting in urban environments. It has six gear speeds that can be switched between and a spring saddle for comfortable riding. Note: The bike is 90 percent built, please check the assembly guide. Specifications: Wheel size — 29 inches Frame material — alloy steel Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike This hybrid bike has an 18-inch high-tensile steel frame, coming with a cushioned seat and seven different speeds. It has a classic design as well as an adjustable seat post. Note: The bike comes 80 percent assembled, please check the assembly guide. Specifications: Wheel size — 28 inches Frame material — alloy steel Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike This model has rigid suspension and comfortable handlebar grips, affording you a good experience whether you use it for exercise or leisure in the countryside. Another feature is the bike's reflective tyres, for added safety with early morning or night riding. Note: Assembly will be required. Specifications: Wheel size — 29 inches Frame material — aluminium 1. Which is most suitable if you want a city bike to ride to work? A. Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike. B. Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike. C. Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike. D. Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike. 2. What is an advantage of Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike? A. Light Frame. B. Variable speeds. C. Reliable stopping power. D. Extra security. 3. What do Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike and Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike have in common? A. They are multifunctional. B. They are mountain bikes. C. They have adjustable seats. D. They have high-rise handlebars. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款自行车的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike部分中“With a sturdy but lightweight alloy steel frame, this bike is a solid choice for commuting in urban environments. (坚固而轻便的合金钢车架，是在城市环境中通勤的理想选择。)”可知，如果你想骑城市自行车上班，Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike最合适。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike部分中“Another feature is the bike's reflective tyres, for added safety with early morning or night riding. (另一个特点是自行车的反光轮胎，增加了清晨或夜间骑行的安全性。)”可知，Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike的优势是额外的安全措施。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike部分中“The bike has a relatively low sports-like frame with inward-facing handlebars, as well as a height-adjustable seat for comfort. (这款自行车有一个相对较低的运动型车架，车把朝内，还有一个可调节高度的座椅，以保证舒适性。)”以及Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike部分中“It has a classic design as well as an adjustable seat post. (它有一个经典的设计，以及一个可调节的座柱。)”可知，两者的共同之处是都有可调节的座位。故选C。 B Early in my career, I was easily overwhelmed. My responsibilities, commitments and ambitions piled up into this mass that I felt immeasurably large—until, one day, when I worked in federal contracting, my manager gave me something that is still on the bulletin board over my desk 26 years later, even as I’ve now transformed my career: It’s a postcard picture of Earth. He wanted me to look at Earth and think about the significance of what I was trying to accomplish, and the stress I was feeling, and to do so in the context of what others around the world faced. I started to do this during late nights in my office, when I hadn’t seen my family in days, as I lived on caffeine and cheese nabs. I imagined the good happening to people around the globe. I also imagined the bad—people starving, enduring war, or losing their homes—and then weighed my situation. I would say a prayer for them, and I would remember that my time on Earth was limited. With this perspective and my manager’s encouragement, I went back to school, then took a job with a Fortune 500 firm as a contracts manager and rose to become a director and VP. I have recently started my own consulting business to mentor small companies entering federal contracting. I’ve found that many folks feel they must make a good impression or prove themselves, and that to do so, they cannot admit when they need help. But I can see it in their eyes or hear it in their voices. I tell them what my manager told me: Step away for a few minutes, prioritize your actions, and focus on what your best can be in that moment. That is how I hope to make a difference in their lives. And who knows, maybe beyond what I see, my presence ripples (传开) out to their circles of influence, which reaches others’— creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth. 4. What’s the function of paragraph 1? A. To arouse readers’ interest. B. To show the author’s strong emotion. C. To introduce the author’s current status of work. D. To illuminate the author’s ups and downs in his career. 5. Why does the author still keep the postcard picture of Earth? A. Because he needs its navigation when at a loss. B. Because he has gained a favored job with its help. C. Because he was required by his manager to value it. D. Because he views it as a reminder of thinking overall. 6. What does the underlined word “mentor” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Instruct. B. Absorb. C. Invest. D. Encourage. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. The Influence of My Manager. B. The Ripples of the Big Earth Picture. C. The Stress Coming from Responsibilities. D. The Good and the Bad Happenings in My Career. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在职业生涯中如何从压力中找到出路，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Early in my career, I was easily overwhelmed. My responsibilities, commitments and ambitions piled up into this mass that I felt immeasurably large—until, one day, when I worked in federal contracting, my manager gave me something that is still on the bulletin board over my desk 26 years later, even as I've now transformed my career: It's a postcard picture of Earth.”（在我职业生涯的早期，我很容易不知所措。我的责任、承诺和抱负堆积成一团，让我感到无比庞大——直到有一天，当我在联邦合同公司工作时，我的经理给了我一样东西，26年后的今天，它仍然挂在我办公桌上方的公告板上，即使我现在已经改变了我的职业生涯:这是一张地球的明信片。）可知，作者描述了自己早期职业生涯中的困扰和压力，以及他的经理给他的一张地球的明信片照片，这张照片在他的职业生涯中起到了重要的作用。这段的目的是引发读者的兴趣，让读者想要了解这张照片如何影响作者的职业生涯。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He wanted me to look at Earth and think about the significance of what I was trying to accomplish, and the stress I was feeling, and to do so in the context of what others around the world faced.”（他想让我看看地球，想想我正在努力完成的事情的意义，以及我所感受到的压力，并在世界上其他人所面临的背景下这样做）以及“I imagined the good happening to people around the globe. I also imagined the bad—people starving, enduring war, or losing their homes—and then weighed my situation.”（想象着世界各地的人们都在享受美好。我也想象着那些糟糕的人——挨饿的人，忍受战争的人，失去家园的人——然后权衡我的处境。）可推知，作者保留这张地球的照片是因为它提醒他要全局思考。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“I have recently started my own consulting business”（我最近开始了自己的咨询业务）以及“entering federal contracting”（进入联邦合同的小公司）可推知，我最近开始了自己的咨询业务，以指导进入联邦合同的小公司。mentor在这里的意思是指导。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“That is how I hope to make a difference in their lives. And who knows, maybe beyond what I see, my presence ripples （传开） out to their circles of influence, which reaches others'—creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth.”（这就是我希望改变他们生活的方式。谁知道呢，也许在我所看到的之外，我的存在波及到他们的影响圈，影响到其他人ーー再次波及到那些在我的地球图片中构成所有蓝色的人。）可知，作者讲述了他如何通过一张地球的照片找到职业生涯的方向，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人，产生了影响力的涟漪。因此，B选项“The Ripples of the Big Earth Picture”（地球照片引起的涟漪）最能概括文章的主题。故选B。 C When we are desperately searching for glasses, wallet or keys, we might wish to have a photographic memory, but the truth is that we are designed to forget. In fact, the majority of what we experience in a given day is likely to be forgotten in less than 24 hours. And that is a good thing. Think of all the passing encounters with people you will never see again, the times you spend waiting in a queue at the supermarket, and those awkward times while stuck in a crowded elevator. If our brains stored away every moment of every experience, we would never be able to find the information we need amid an ever-increasing pile of junk. I have studied how we are able to recall past events, an ability known as “episodic memory”. Endel Tulving, a pioneering cognitive psychologist who coined the term, described episodic memory as the unique human capability for “mental time travel”, wondering at will over what has happened as readily as over what might happen. Recalling a rich episodic memory, you’ll have a feeling of being transported back to a point in your past, a specific time and place. For instance, the smell of freshly baked pastries might remind you of having breakfast with your grandmother, or a song by the Stone Roses might evoke your first kiss. This is why, if you have misplaced your keys, getting in touch with the sights, sounds and thoughts from an earlier time period can be an effective way of accessing those memories, enabling you to relive these past experiences. On average, episodic memory gets worse as we get older, and that is due, at least in part, to the strange developmental path of the prefrontal cortex—an area of the brain that helps support episodic memory. In humans, the prefrontal cortex continues to develop throughout childhood and adolescence, only reaching maturity in young adults. Then it begins to decline in function, starting as early as your 30s. Consequently, ageing is a bit like having a dysfunctional time machine that frequently sends us to the wrong place. 8. Why is it a good thing to be forgetful? A. It is beneficial to health. B. It frees people from worries. C. It makes room for significant things. D. It can signal some potential diseases. 9. Why does the author mention “baked pastries” and the “song”? A. To illustrate his idea. B. To clarify a concept. C. To present his viewpoint. D. To explain a phenomenon. 10. How can you refresh your memory? A. By making use of your five senses. B. By contacting your family members. C. By putting yourself into the relevant context. D. By building mental relations with the present. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Old people are likely to get lost. B. Memory decline is irresistible at 30. C. Age plays a vital role in memory declining. D. The prefrontal cortex determines our memory. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了遗忘并不是一件坏事，遗忘是让我们为重要的事腾出空间，并阐述了原因。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“If our brains stored away every moment of every experience, we would never be able to find the information we need amid an ever-increasing pile of junk. (如果我们的大脑把每一次经历的每一刻都储存起来，我们就永远无法在一堆越来越多的垃圾中找到我们需要的信息。)”可知，忘记些信息可以帮助我们找我需要的信息。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子“Recalling a rich episodic memory, you’ll have a feeling of being transported back to a point in your past, a specific time and place. (回忆起丰富的情景记忆，你会有一种被传送回过去的某一点、某个特定的时间和地点的感觉。)”是陈述自己的观点，后面举例子来说明观点。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“This is why, if you have misplaced your keys, getting in touch with the sights, sounds and thoughts from an earlier time period can be an effective way of accessing those memories, enabling you to relive these past experiences. (这就是为什么，如果你把钥匙放错了地方，从较早的时间段里接触到的景象、声音和想法是一种访问这些记忆的有效方式，使你能够重温这些过去的经历。)”可知，把自己置身于相关的环境中可以刷新自己的记忆。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“On average, episodic memory gets worse as we get older, and that is due, at least in part, to the strange developmental path of the prefrontal cortex—an area of the brain that helps support episodic memory. (一般来说，随着年龄的增长，情景记忆会变得越来越差，这至少部分是由于前额叶皮层——大脑中帮助支持情景记忆的区域——奇怪的发育路径。)”以及“Consequently, ageing is a bit like having a dysfunctional time machine that frequently sends us to the wrong place. (因此，衰老有点像一台功能失调的时间机器，经常把我们送到错误的地方。)”可知，年龄在记忆衰退中起着重要的作用。故选C。 D A humanoid robot can predict whether someone will smile a second before they do, and match the smile on its own face. The creators hope the technology could make interactions with robots more lifelike. Although artificial intelligence can now mimic human language to an impressive degree, interactions with physical robots often fall into the “uncanny valley”, in part because robots can’t copy the complex non-verbal cues and mannerisms that are vital for communication. Now, Hod Lipson at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have created a robot called Emo that uses AI models and high-resolution cameras to predict people’s facial expressions and try to copy them. It can anticipate whether someone will smile about 0.9 seconds before they do, and smile itself in sync. “I’m fed up with robots because I deal with them every day, but I smile back at this robot,” says Lipson. Emo consists of a face with cameras in its eyeballs and flexible plastic skin that has 23separate motors attached to it by magnets. The robot uses two neural networks: one to look at human faces and predict their expressions and the other to work out how to produce expressions on its own face. The first network was trained on YouTube videos of people making faces, while the second network was trained by having the robot watch itself make faces on a live camera feed. “It learns what its face is going to look like when it’s going to pull all these muscles,” says Lipson. “It’s sort of like a person in front of a mirror, when even if you close your eyes and smile, you know what your face is going to look like.” Lipson and his team hope that Emo’s technology will improve human-robot interactions, but they first need to broaden the range of expressions the robot can make. They also hope to train it to make expressions in response to what people are saying, rather than simply mimicking another person, says Lipson. 12. What’s special about Emo? A. It applies A1 models. B. It can imitate human language. C. It can do barrier-free communication with people. D. It can predict when people will smile and smile back. 13. What is mainly presented in paragraph 4? A. Emo’s mechanism. B. Emo’s function. C. Emo’s mental networks. D. Emo’s facial expressions. 14. How did Emo learn to make facial expressions? A. By working muscles. B. By watching and mimicking. C By recording a video. D. By looking into the mirror. 15. What can we know about Emo from the last paragraph? A. It can be upgraded automatically. B. It has developed into a mature stage. C. It needs to be improved and enhanced. D. It is able to respond to whatever people say. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以预测人们微笑并且报以微笑的机器人Emo。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It can anticipate whether someone will smile about 0.9 seconds before they do, and smile itself in sync.(它可以提前0.9秒预测某人是否会微笑，并同步微笑)”可知，Emo可以预测人们何时微笑，并报以微笑。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Emo consists of a face with cameras in its eyeballs and flexible plastic skin that has 23separate motors attached to it by magnets. The robot uses two neural networks: one to look at human faces and predict their expressions and the other to work out how to produce expressions on its own face.(Emo由一张眼睛里装有摄像头的脸和柔软的塑料皮肤组成，塑料皮肤上有23个独立的马达，通过磁铁连接在上面。机器人使用两个神经网络：一个用来观察人脸并预测他们的表情，另一个用来研究如何在自己的脸上产生表情)”可知，第4段的主要内容是Emo的机制。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The first network was trained on YouTube videos of people making faces, while the second network was trained by having the robot watch itself make faces on a live camera feed.(第一个网络是通过YouTube上人们做鬼脸的视频进行训练的，而第二个网络是通过让机器人通过实时摄像机观看自己做鬼脸来训练的)”可知，Emo通过观看和模仿学会做面部表情。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lipson and his team hope that Emo’s technology will improve human-robot interactions, but they first need to broaden the range of expressions the robot can make. They also hope to train it to make expressions in response to what people are saying, rather than simply mimicking another person, says Lipson.(利普森和他的团队希望Emo的技术能改善人机互动，但他们首先需要拓宽机器人的表情范围。利普森说，他们还希望训练它对人们所说的话做出反应，而不是简单地模仿另一个人)”可知，Emo需要改进和加强。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! ____16____ I called someone the wrong name. What may be worse than not remembering someone’s name is calling the person by the wrong name. For instance, you’re speaking to a friend's new husband, and you call him by the ex-husband’s name. Or you refer to your new boss by the ousted boss’s name. Try to acknowledge your mistake with a little humour. Perhaps say, “Oh, I really know you’re Mike and not Tom.” ____17____ If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. ____18____ You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. Since the floor isn’t going to open up and swallow you whole, you’re going to have to deal with this. You must offer an apology, and it must be a good one. Don’t say, “I didn’t really mean it.” You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. ____19____ Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. My friend has bad breath. How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. ____20____ And if they accept your offer, everyone wins. If not? Well, it depends on how strong your friendship is. You either risk offending your friend with the truth or ignore the problem and excuse yourself to get a breath of fresh air. A. I really put my foot in my mouth. B. Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. C. Whatever the reason, don’t make a big deal of it. D. This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. E. You'd think these matters would be your business alone. F. Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. G. In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了在遇到尴尬情况时如何避免尴尬的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! (我们都有过这样的经历：你说错了话，你想让大地吞噬你！)”可知，我们遇到过尴尬的经历，下文讲述缓解尴尬的方法，空处应承上启下，与F项“Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. (这里有一些关于如何处理尴尬情况的提示。)”上下文一致，故选F项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. (如果你错误明显冒犯了权威人士，比如你的老板，再次为你的失误道歉。)”可知，要为自己的过错道歉，与B项“Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. (为你的失误道歉，让它过去吧。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. (你只是嘲笑一个熟人，你发现得太晚了，他就站在附近。)”可知，在不经意的情况下说错话了，与A项“I really put my foot in my mouth. (我确实说错话了。)”上下文一致，符合语境，故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. (你可能是认真的，否认它只会使错误恶化。)”与下文“Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. (相反，为你所说的话的影响道歉。)”可知，空处表达的意思与下文相反，与G项“In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. (换句话说，不要为你对这个人的想法、感受或言论道歉。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. (你怎么告诉你的朋友他们有能杀死魔鬼的口气？这里有一个简单而迂回的方法:把一块口香糖塞进自己的嘴里，然后给你的朋友一块。)”可知，可以委婉的告诉朋友有口气，与D项“This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. (这样，你就不会直言不讳。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One morning, Huang Fulin, a local farmer, rode a motorcycle to the Lixinsha Bridge in Guangzhou. The bridge, is the main ____21____ connecting the Nansha Economic Development Zone with Sanmin Island. The visibility was ____22____ that day. However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around. It ____23____ that a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge, causing it to ____24____. Huang saw a ____25____ coming his way. At that very moment, he ____26____ flashed his lights and shouted loudly, “Stop! It’s dangerous.” The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and ____27____ it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge. “My truck is about 15 meters long. By ____28____ the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the ____29____ wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge,” Wang said. Meanwhile, Huang ____30____ the accident to the on-duty officers, who quickly arrived at the scene and ____31____ traffic cones (路障) on the road. Before more police were ____32____ to the spot, Officer Tang, on the other side of the bridge, stopped vehicles about to cross the bridge. Meanwhile, Tang ____33____ a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments to ____34____ others about the dangerous situation. According to the official website, they will be awarded with the title of individuals who act bravely in a(n)____35____ . 21. A. passage B. commute C. routine D. district 22. A. dusty B. delicate C. poor D. clear 23. A. fell down B. dropped in C. popped up D. turned out 24. A. explode B. crack C. destroy D. shake 25. A. pedestrian B. lifeboat C. truck D. policeman 26. A. effortlessly B. continuously C. suddenly D. casually 27. A. drove B. parked C. shaped D. turned 28. A. crossing B. loading C. blocking D. blanketing 29. A. vehicles B. ambulance C. passengers D. passers-by 30. A. uttered B. reported C. phoned D. investigated 31. A. posed B. covered C. made D. placed 32. A. assigned B. delivered C. followed D. forced 33. A. produced B. edited C. saved D. posted 34. A. attract B. terrify C. warn D. expose 35. A. incident B. operation C. friction D. emergency 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章描述了一起桥梁事故及当地人的勇敢应对。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该桥是连接南沙经济开发区与三民岛的主要通道。A. passage 文章、通道；B. commute 通勤；C. routine 常规；D. district 区域。根据前文的“The bridge”可知，桥应该是连接两块区域的主要通道。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天的能见度很好。A. dusty 布满灰尘的；B. delicate 精致的；C. poor 贫穷的；D. clear 清晰的。根据后文“However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around.”可知，前后是转折关系，后文讲述有雾看不见，所以空处应是能见度很好。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来是一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，导致桥墩开裂。A. fell down 摔倒；B. dropped in 顺便拜访；C. popped up 突然出现；D. turned out 结果是。根据后文“a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge”可知，此处是解释浓雾的原因，所以应是turned out符合语境。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来是一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，导致桥墩开裂。A. explode 爆炸；B. crack 破裂；C. destroy 破坏；D. shake 摇动。根据前文“a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge”可知，一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，应是导致桥墩开裂。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄看见一辆卡车朝他开过来。A. pedestrian 行人；B. lifeboat 救生艇；C. truck 卡车；D. policeman 警察。根据后文“The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back”可知，是看到一辆卡车朝他开过来。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，他不停地闪灯，大声喊道：“停!有危险。”A. effortlessly 毫不费力地；B. continuously 持续地；C. suddenly 突然；D. casually 随意地。根据后文“Stop! It’s dangerous.”可知，他是在阻止卡车过来，所以应是不停地闪灯，提醒司机。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡车司机王国梁把卡车倒过来，水平停在了通往大桥的丁字路口。A. drove 驾驶；B. parked 停车；C. shaped 塑造；D. turned 转弯。根据后文“By 　　8　　the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the 　　9　　 wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge”可知，是阻止其他车上桥，所以应是横着停在丁字路口。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在通往三民岛的唯一道路——丁字路口，卡车堵住了道路，车辆就无法上桥了。A. crossing 横穿；B. loading 装载；C. blocking 阻塞；D. blanketing 覆盖。根据前文“Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and 　　7　　 it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge”可知，把卡车横着停在丁字路口，应是堵住了道路。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在通往三民岛的唯一道路——丁字路口，卡车堵住了道路，车辆就无法上桥了。A. vehicles 车辆；B. ambulance 救护车；C. passengers 乘客；D. passers-by 路人。根据前文“By 　　8　　 the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island”可知，堵住路口，应是阻止其他车辆上桥。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故，警察迅速赶到现场，并在路上设置了路障。A. uttered 发出；B. reported 报道；C. phoned 打电话；D. investigated 调查。根据后文“who quickly arrived at the scene”可知，警察来了，所以应是黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故，警察迅速赶到现场，并在路上设置了路障。A. posed 摆姿势；B. covered 覆盖；C. made 制造；D. placed 放置。根据后文“traffic cones (路障) on the road”结合选项可知，应是“放置了路障”符合语境。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在更多的警察被派往现场之前，在桥另一边的唐警官拦下了即将过桥的车辆。A. assigned 指派；B. delivered 交付；C. followed 跟随；D. forced 强迫。根据前文“more police”以及后文“to the spot”根据选项可知，应是“更多的警察被派往现场”符合语境。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，唐在朋友圈发布了一段受损桥梁的视频，以警告其他人注意危险情况。A. produced 生产；B. edited 编辑；C. saved 保存；D. posted 发布。根据后文“a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments”可知，在微信朋友圈应是发布视频。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，唐在朋友圈发布了一段受损桥梁的视频，以警告其他人注意危险情况。A. attract 吸引；B. terrify 使害怕；C. warn 警告；D. expose 揭露。根据前文“a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments”可知，发布受损桥梁的视频，应是警告其他人注意危险情况。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据官方网站，他们将被授予在紧急情况下表现勇敢的个人称号。A. incident 事件；B. operation 手术、操作；C. friction 摩擦；D. emergency 紧急情况。根据前文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一起桥梁事故及当地人的勇敢应对，所以应是在紧急情况下表现勇敢的个人称号。故选D项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China aims to accelerate research and development of key core technologies and application-oriented technological innovations this year, said Liu Zhenfang, president of China State Railway Group. Liu, also a deputy to the 14th National People’s Congress, said they would continue to ____36____ (immense) promote independent research and the industrial application of key core technologies this year ____37____ (boost) self-reliance in railway technology. China’s high-speed railways are a successful example of independent innovation in our country, and the overall technological level of China’s railways ____38____ (enter) the forefront of the world so far. The group plans to unveil a more advanced bullet train, the CR450—with ____39____ top operating speed of 400 km/h and an experimental speed of up to 450 km/h-by next year. Currently, the fastest bullet trains in China ____40____ (programme) at speeds of 350km/h along several lines, including the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway and the Beijing-Tianjin High-Speed Railway. A train ____41____ (travel) at 400 km/h would shorten the journey ____42____ Beijing to Shanghai to 2. 5 hours. China aims to achieve technological ____43____ (breakthrough) to improve operational safety. “China’s overall level of railway infrastructure has reached the forefront globally, providing the foundation and conditions for ____44____ (far) advancement toward a higher level of modernization,” Liu added, “China aims to have 165,000 km of track by the end of next year, 50,000 km of _____45_____ will be high-speed.” 【答案】36. immensely 37. to boost 38 has entered 39. a 40. are programed 41. traveling 42. from 43. breakthroughs 44. further 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的铁路建设情况和前景。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：刘也是第十四届全国人民代表大会代表，他表示，今年他们将继续大力推动关键核心技术自主研究和工业应用，以提高铁路技术的自力更生。修饰动词promote应用副词immensely。故填immensely。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：刘也是第十四届全国人民代表大会代表，他表示，今年他们将继续大力推动关键核心技术的自主研究和工业应用，以提高铁路技术的自力更生。此处boost在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to boost。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国高铁是我国自主创新的成功范例，目前中国铁路的整体技术水平已进入世界前列。根据后文so far可知为现在完成时，主语为the overall technological level of China’s railways，助动词用has。故填has entered。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该集团计划在明年推出一款更先进的子弹头列车CR450，最高运行速度为400公里/小时，实验速度高达450公里/小时。此处a speed of表示“……的速度”，且top是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：目前，包括京沪高铁和京津高铁在内的几条线路上，中国最快的子弹头列车的速度为350公里/小时。主语trains与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are programed。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：时速400公里的火车将把北京到上海的行程缩短到2.5小时。此处travel与train为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填traveling。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：时速400公里的火车将把北京到上海的行程缩短到2.5小时。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 【43题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：中国的目标是实现技术突破，提高运行安全。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填breakthroughs。 【44题详解】 考查比较级。句意：“中国铁路基础设施的整体水平已达到全球前列，为进一步向更高水平的现代化迈进提供了基础和条件，”刘补充说，“中国的目标是到明年年底拥有16.5万公里的轨道，其中5万公里将是高速铁路。”根据后文higher可知，表示“进一步”应用比较级further。故填further。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“中国铁路基础设施的整体水平已达到全球前列，为进一步向更高水平的现代化迈进提供了基础和条件，”刘补充说，“中国的目标是到明年年底拥有16.5万公里的轨道，其中5万公里将是高速铁路。”此处为“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词165,000 km，作介词的宾语，指物。故填which。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，最近从某国外网站购买一套英语书籍，迟迟未收到货物，与商家沟通无果，请写一篇投诉信提交至网站平台。内容包括： 1.投诉原因； 2.你的诉求。 注意： 1.写作词数 80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with a recent purchase from your website. I ordered a set of English books several weeks ago, but have yet to receive the items. I have repeatedly contacted the seller, but have received no satisfactory response. This delay has caused significant inconvenience and frustration. My primary concern is to receive the books as soon as possible. Additionally, I request a refund for the inconvenience caused by this delay. I hope you can investigate this matter promptly and resolve it to my satisfaction. Thank you for your attention to this matter Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。李华最近从某国外网站购买一套英语书籍，迟迟未收到货物，与商家沟通无果。要求考生以李华的名义写一篇投诉信提交至网站平台。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不满：dissatisfaction → discontent 订购：order → place an order for 此外：additionally → in addition 解决：resolve → tackle 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, I request a refund for the inconvenience caused by this delay. 拓展句：Additionally, I request a refund for the inconvenience which was caused by this delay. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Additionally, I request a refund for the inconvenience caused by this delay. (运用了过去分词作后置定语) [高分句型2] I hope you can investigate this matter promptly and resolve it to my satisfaction. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack, a 10-year-old boy, was apparently below his peers athletically and intellectually since he suffered a high fever five years ago and didn’t get timely treatment. Because of his serious flaws, Jack was not allowed to go to school like a normal child. Fortunately, his family never gave up on him. Instead, they taught him to take care of himself, and even came up with an idea for Jack to earn a living—to sell daily necessities such as water, towels and tissues (纸巾) on the street. Jack readily accepted his family’s advice. However, his mother was not as calm as she appeared. She was indeed worried a lot. She was always thinking to herself, “What if someone laughs at him for his strange way of walking? What if someone mimics his mumbled speech?” So when Jack walked down the street with a basket full of tissues, his mother sneaked behind him. At first, everything seemed to be going well. Passers-by did not look at him in a different way just because of his “different” way of saying and walking. Soon after, Jack sold a few packets of tissues without a hitch and every time he made a sale, he would politely thanked the buyers, which earned him approving looks and smiles. However, something alarming, eventually, happened—several packets of tissues accidentally fell off because Jack was walking unsteadily. He bent down to pick them up, but because of his poor balance, more tissues fell out of the basket. What’s worse, Jack fell to the ground heavily. At that moment, his mom couldn’t bear it anymore and attempted to offer a hand to Jack. Just at that time, what worried her most happened when a group of children from school saw Jack and caught sight of his “awkward” and “different” way of movements. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1 Just as she expected, those children rushed towards Jack. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 The children didn’t leave but stayed nearby, whispering something. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 Just as she expected, those children rushed towards Jack. She closed her eyes tightly, expecting the worst. However, to her surprise, the children did not mock or laugh at Jack. Instead, they quickly surrounded him, helping him to pick up the fallen tissues and put them back into the basket. One of the children even held Jack’s hand to help him stand up. “Are you okay, Jack?” asked a girl with concern. Jack nodded and smiled weakly, his eyes filled with gratitude. His mother, who had been hiding behind a nearby tree, saw this scene and felt relieved. She realized that the world was not as cruel as she had imagined, and Jack’s “different” was not a reason for others to mock or bully him. Paragraph 2 The children didn’t leave but stayed nearby, whispering something. Curious, Jack’s mother slowly approached and overheard their conversation. “He’s so brave, selling things on the street like that,” said one of the boys. “Yeah, and he’s so polite too. I feel bad for laughing at him before,” added another girl. Jack’s mother felt her heart swell with pride. She realized that Jack’s differences were not his weaknesses; they were his strengths. His resilience and courage in the face of adversity had inspired these children to see him in a new light. As she watched Jack continue to sell his tissues with the help of his newfound friends, she knew that he had found a place where he belonged, a place where he was accepted and loved for who he was. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了十岁的杰克由于生病没有得到及时治疗，他在运动和智力上明显落后于同龄人。由于他的严重缺陷，杰克不被允许像一个正常的孩子一样上学。幸运的是，他的家人从未放弃他。相反，他们教他自己照顾自己，甚至为杰克想出了一个谋生的主意——在街上卖水、毛巾、纸巾等生活必需品。当他在街上做生意的时候，一些善良的人们也帮助了他。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“正如她所料，那些孩子向杰克冲了过来”可知，第一段可描写孩子帮助杰克，没有嘲笑他。 ②由第二段首句内容“孩子们没有离开，而是呆在附近，低声说着什么”可知，第二段可描写母亲听到了孩子们的谈话内容及感悟。 2.续写线索：孩子冲过来——帮助杰克——杰克感激——母亲安慰——听到对话——母亲感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①围绕：surround/ encircle ②想象：imagine/picture ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/amazement ②爱：love/adore 【点睛】[高分句型1] Instead, they quickly surrounded him, helping him to pick up the fallen tissues and put them back into the basket. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] She realized that the world was not as cruel as she had imagined, and Jack’s “different” was not a reason for others to mock or bully him. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高 三 英 语 试 题 2024.5 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 4 brilliant hybrid bikes for urban or off-road use From commuting to riding for leisure or exercise, cycling is popular as a pastime in our towns and cities. There are various types of bikes that you can use to get around, depending on your interests and lifestyle. Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike This Schwinn bike is multi-use, with gravel tyres that are great for country roads and paths as well as more traditional roads. The bike has a relatively low sports-like frame with inward-facing handlebars, as well as a height-adjustable seat for comfort. Specifications: Wheel size — 28 inches Frame material — aluminium Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike With a sturdy but lightweight alloy steel frame, this bike is a solid choice for commuting in urban environments. It has six gear speeds that can be switched between and a spring saddle for comfortable riding. Note: The bike is 90 percent built, please check the assembly guide. Specifications: Wheel size — 29 inches Frame material — alloy steel Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike This hybrid bike has an 18-inch high-tensile steel frame, coming with a cushioned seat and seven different speeds. It has a classic design as well as an adjustable seat post. Note: The bike comes 80 percent assembled, please check the assembly guide. Specifications: Wheel size — 28 inches Frame material — alloy steel Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike This model has rigid suspension and comfortable handlebar grips, affording you a good experience whether you use it for exercise or leisure in the countryside. Another feature is the bike's reflective tyres, for added safety with early morning or night riding. Note: Assembly will be required. Specifications: Wheel size — 29 inches Frame material — aluminium 1. Which is most suitable if you want a city bike to ride to work? A. Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike. B. Professional Metropolitan hybrid bike. C. Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike. D. Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike. 2. What is an advantage of Ammaco Pathway hybrid bike? A. Light Frame. B. Variable speeds. C. Reliable stopping power. D. Extra security. 3. What do Schwinn Scree Gravel hybrid bike and Schwinn Wayfarer 500 bike have in common? A. They are multifunctional. B. They are mountain bikes. C They have adjustable seats. D. They have high-rise handlebars. B Early in my career, I was easily overwhelmed. My responsibilities, commitments and ambitions piled up into this mass that I felt immeasurably large—until, one day, when I worked in federal contracting, my manager gave me something that is still on the bulletin board over my desk 26 years later, even as I’ve now transformed my career: It’s a postcard picture of Earth. He wanted me to look at Earth and think about the significance of what I was trying to accomplish, and the stress I was feeling, and to do so in the context of what others around the world faced. I started to do this during late nights in my office, when I hadn’t seen my family in days, as I lived on caffeine and cheese nabs. I imagined the good happening to people around the globe. I also imagined the bad—people starving, enduring war, or losing their homes—and then weighed my situation. I would say a prayer for them, and I would remember that my time on Earth was limited. With this perspective and my manager’s encouragement, I went back to school, then took a job with a Fortune 500 firm as a contracts manager and rose to become a director and VP. I have recently started my own consulting business to mentor small companies entering federal contracting. I’ve found that many folks feel they must make a good impression or prove themselves, and that to do so, they cannot admit when they need help. But I can see it in their eyes or hear it in their voices. I tell them what my manager told me: Step away for a few minutes, prioritize your actions, and focus on what your best can be in that moment. That is how I hope to make a difference in their lives. And who knows, maybe beyond what I see, my presence ripples (传开) out to their circles of influence, which reaches others’— creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth. 4. What’s the function of paragraph 1? A. To arouse readers’ interest. B. To show the author’s strong emotion. C. To introduce the author’s current status of work. D. To illuminate the author’s ups and downs in his career. 5. Why does the author still keep the postcard picture of Earth? A. Because he needs its navigation when at a loss. B Because he has gained a favored job with its help. C. Because he was required by his manager to value it. D. Because he views it as a reminder of thinking overall. 6. What does the underlined word “mentor” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Instruct. B. Absorb. C. Invest. D. Encourage. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. The Influence of My Manager. B. The Ripples of the Big Earth Picture. C. The Stress Coming from Responsibilities. D. The Good and the Bad Happenings in My Career. C When we are desperately searching for glasses, wallet or keys, we might wish to have a photographic memory, but the truth is that we are designed to forget. In fact, the majority of what we experience in a given day is likely to be forgotten in less than 24 hours. And that is a good thing. Think of all the passing encounters with people you will never see again, the times you spend waiting in a queue at the supermarket, and those awkward times while stuck in a crowded elevator. If our brains stored away every moment of every experience, we would never be able to find the information we need amid an ever-increasing pile of junk. I have studied how we are able to recall past events, an ability known as “episodic memory”. Endel Tulving, a pioneering cognitive psychologist who coined the term, described episodic memory as the unique human capability for “mental time travel”, wondering at will over what has happened as readily as over what might happen. Recalling a rich episodic memory, you’ll have a feeling of being transported back to a point in your past, a specific time and place. For instance, the smell of freshly baked pastries might remind you of having breakfast with your grandmother, or a song by the Stone Roses might evoke your first kiss. This is why, if you have misplaced your keys, getting in touch with the sights, sounds and thoughts from an earlier time period can be an effective way of accessing those memories, enabling you to relive these past experiences. On average, episodic memory gets worse as we get older, and that is due, at least in part, to the strange developmental path of the prefrontal cortex—an area of the brain that helps support episodic memory. In humans, the prefrontal cortex continues to develop throughout childhood and adolescence, only reaching maturity in young adults. Then it begins to decline in function, starting as early as your 30s. Consequently, ageing is a bit like having a dysfunctional time machine that frequently sends us to the wrong place. 8. Why is it a good thing to be forgetful? A. It is beneficial to health. B. It frees people from worries. C. It makes room for significant things. D. It can signal some potential diseases. 9. Why does the author mention “baked pastries” and the “song”? A. To illustrate his idea. B. To clarify a concept. C. To present his viewpoint. D. To explain a phenomenon. 10. How can you refresh your memory? A. By making use of your five senses. B. By contacting your family members. C. By putting yourself into the relevant context. D. By building mental relations with the present. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Old people are likely to get lost. B. Memory decline is irresistible at 30. C. Age plays a vital role in memory declining. D. The prefrontal cortex determines our memory. D A humanoid robot can predict whether someone will smile a second before they do, and match the smile on its own face. The creators hope the technology could make interactions with robots more lifelike. Although artificial intelligence can now mimic human language to an impressive degree interactions with physical robots often fall into the “uncanny valley”, in part because robots can’t copy the complex non-verbal cues and mannerisms that are vital for communication. Now, Hod Lipson at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have created a robot called Emo that uses AI models and high-resolution cameras to predict people’s facial expressions and try to copy them. It can anticipate whether someone will smile about 0.9 seconds before they do, and smile itself in sync. “I’m fed up with robots because I deal with them every day, but I smile back at this robot,” says Lipson. Emo consists of a face with cameras in its eyeballs and flexible plastic skin that has 23separate motors attached to it by magnets. The robot uses two neural networks: one to look at human faces and predict their expressions and the other to work out how to produce expressions on its own face. The first network was trained on YouTube videos of people making faces, while the second network was trained by having the robot watch itself make faces on a live camera feed. “It learns what its face is going to look like when it’s going to pull all these muscles,” says Lipson. “It’s sort of like a person in front of a mirror, when even if you close your eyes and smile, you know what your face is going to look like.” Lipson and his team hope that Emo’s technology will improve human-robot interactions, but they first need to broaden the range of expressions the robot can make. They also hope to train it to make expressions in response to what people are saying, rather than simply mimicking another person, says Lipson. 12. What’s special about Emo? A. It applies A1 models. B. It can imitate human language. C. It can do barrier-free communication with people. D. It can predict when people will smile and smile back. 13. What is mainly presented in paragraph 4? A. Emo’s mechanism. B. Emo’s function. C. Emo’s mental networks. D. Emo’s facial expressions. 14. How did Emo learn to make facial expressions? A. By working muscles. B. By watching and mimicking. C. By recording a video. D. By looking into the mirror. 15. What can we know about Emo from the last paragraph? A. It can be upgraded automatically. B. It has developed into a mature stage. C. It needs to be improved and enhanced. D. It is able to respond to whatever people say. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve all been there: you say the wrong thing and you want the ground to swallow you up! ____16____ I called someone the wrong name. What may be worse than not remembering someone’s name is calling the person by the wrong name. For instance, you’re speaking to a friend's new husband, and you call him by the ex-husband’s name. Or you refer to your new boss by the ousted boss’s name. Try to acknowledge your mistake with a little humour. Perhaps say, “Oh, I really know you’re Mike and not Tom.” ____17____ If your mistake obviously insulted a person of authority, such as your boss, again apologize for the lapse. ____18____ You just mocked an acquaintance who, you discover too late, is standing nearby. Since the floor isn’t going to open up and swallow you whole, you’re going to have to deal with this. You must offer an apology, and it must be a good one. Don’t say, “I didn’t really mean it.” You probably did mean it and denying it will just worsen the error. ____19____ Instead, apologize for the effects of what you said. My friend has bad breath. How do you tell your friends they have breath that would kill the devil? Here’s an easy, roundabout way: pop a piece of gum into your own mouth and then offer one to your friend. ____20____ And if they accept your offer, everyone wins. If not? Well, it depends on how strong your friendship is. You either risk offending your friend with the truth or ignore the problem and excuse yourself to get a breath of fresh air. A. I really put my foot in my mouth. B. Apologize for your slipup and let it drop. C. Whatever the reason, don’t make a big deal of it. D. This way, you won’t be saying anything outright. E. You'd think these matters would be your business alone. F. Here are some tips on how to deal with awkward situations. G. In other words, don’t apologize for what you think, feel, or said about the person. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One morning, Huang Fulin, a local farmer, rode a motorcycle to the Lixinsha Bridge in Guangzhou. The bridge, is the main ____21____ connecting the Nansha Economic Development Zone with Sanmin Island. The visibility was ____22____ that day. However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around. It ____23____ that a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge, causing it to ____24____. Huang saw a ____25____ coming his way. At that very moment, he ____26____ flashed his lights and shouted loudly, “Stop! It’s dangerous.” The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and ____27____ it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge. “My truck is about 15 meters long. By ____28____ the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the ____29____ wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge,” Wang said. Meanwhile Huang ____30____ the accident to the on-duty officers, who quickly arrived at the scene and ____31____ traffic cones (路障) on the road. Before more police were ____32____ to the spot, Officer Tang, on the other side of the bridge, stopped vehicles about to cross the bridge. Meanwhile, Tang ____33____ a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments to ____34____ others about the dangerous situation. According to the official website, they will be awarded with the title of individuals who act bravely in a(n)____35____ . 21. A. passage B. commute C. routine D. district 22. A. dusty B. delicate C. poor D. clear 23. A. fell down B. dropped in C. popped up D. turned out 24. A. explode B. crack C. destroy D. shake 25. A. pedestrian B. lifeboat C. truck D. policeman 26. A. effortlessly B. continuously C. suddenly D. casually 27. A. drove B. parked C. shaped D. turned 28. A. crossing B. loading C. blocking D. blanketing 29. A. vehicles B. ambulance C. passengers D. passers-by 30. A. uttered B. reported C. phoned D. investigated 31. A. posed B. covered C. made D. placed 32. A. assigned B. delivered C. followed D. forced 33. A. produced B. edited C. saved D. posted 34. A. attract B. terrify C. warn D. expose 35. A. incident B. operation C. friction D. emergency 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China aims to accelerate research and development of key core technologies and application-oriented technological innovations this year, said Liu Zhenfang, president of China State Railway Group. Liu, also a deputy to the 14th National People’s Congress, said they would continue to ____36____ (immense) promote independent research and the industrial application of key core technologies this year ____37____ (boost) self-reliance in railway technology. China’s high-speed railways are a successful example of independent innovation in our country, and the overall technological level of China’s railways ____38____ (enter) the forefront of the world so far. The group plans to unveil a more advanced bullet train, the CR450—with ____39____ top operating speed of 400 km/h and an experimental speed of up to 450 km/h-by next year. Currently, the fastest bullet trains in China ____40____ (programme) at speeds of 350km/h along several lines, including the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway and the Beijing-Tianjin High-Speed Railway. A train ____41____ (travel) at 400 km/h would shorten the journey ____42____ Beijing to Shanghai to 2. 5 hours. China aims to achieve technological ____43____ (breakthrough) to improve operational safety. “China’s overall level of railway infrastructure has reached the forefront globally, providing the foundation and conditions for ____44____ (far) advancement toward a higher level of modernization,” Liu added, “China aims to have 165,000 km of track by the end of next year, 50,000 km of _____45_____ will be high-speed.” 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，最近从某国外网站购买一套英语书籍，迟迟未收到货物，与商家沟通无果，请写一篇投诉信提交至网站平台。内容包括： 1.投诉原因； 2.你的诉求。 注意： 1.写作词数 80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack a 10-year-old boy, was apparently below his peers athletically and intellectually since he suffered a high fever five years ago and didn’t get timely treatment. Because of his serious flaws, Jack was not allowed to go to school like a normal child. Fortunately, his family never gave up on him. Instead, they taught him to take care of himself, and even came up with an idea for Jack to earn a living—to sell daily necessities such as water, towels and tissues (纸巾) on the street. Jack readily accepted his family’s advice. However, his mother was not as calm as she appeared. She was indeed worried a lot. She was always thinking to herself, “What if someone laughs at him for his strange way of walking? What if someone mimics his mumbled speech?” So when Jack walked down the street with a basket full of tissues, his mother sneaked behind him. At first, everything seemed to be going well. Passers-by did not look at him in a different way just because of his “different” way of saying and walking. Soon after, Jack sold a few packets of tissues without a hitch and every time he made a sale, he would politely thanked the buyers, which earned him approving looks and smiles. However, something alarming, eventually, happened—several packets of tissues accidentally fell off because Jack was walking unsteadily. He bent down to pick them up, but because of his poor balance, more tissues fell out of the basket. What’s worse, Jack fell to the ground heavily. At that moment, his mom couldn’t bear it anymore and attempted to offer a hand to Jack. Just at that time, what worried her most happened when a group of children from school saw Jack and caught sight of his “awkward” and “different” way of movements. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1 Just as she expected, those children rushed towards Jack. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 The children didn’t leave but stayed nearby, whispering something. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$