Unit 5 Languages Around the World 重点词汇归纳及同步练习 -2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 5 1. native 1）adj. 本地的；土著的 be native to… 源于…；原产于… It is well known that the panda is native to China. 2）n. 本地人 2. attitude n. 态度；看法 have/ take/ adopt an attitude toward(s) 对…持有某种态度 This is the attitude that everyone should adopt towards/ to their failure. with a(n)… attitude to/ toward(s) 对…持有某种态度 3. refer to 指的是；提到；谈到；涉及；关于；查阅；参考 When reading, you’d better avoid referring to your dictionary too often. [词形转换] 1）reference n. 参考 in/ with reference to（所述内容）关于 4. despite prep. 尽管（相当于in spite of） Despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working in the wild. 5. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 up and down 上上下下；来回；到处 He looked me up and down and then asked me a few questions. 6. based adj. 以…为基础的 be based on/ upon 以…为基础 The movie is based on a real-life incident. [词形转换] 1）base ① vt. 以…为据点；以…为基础 base…on/ upon 以…为基础/根据 What are you basing this theory on ? ② 地步；根据 at the base of… 在…底部 2）basis n. 基础；准则 on the basis of 在…的基础上 3）basic adj. 基础的；初级的 7. date back (to…) date back + 时间段 追溯到 The skills of cooking in China can date back thousands of years. date back to 追溯到，始于（= date from） Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. [归纳拓展] 1）out of date 过时的；过期的 2）up to date 现代的，最新的，时髦的 3）to date 迄今为止；到目前为止 8. variety n. 变体；不同种类；变化 a (wide) variety of 各种各样的 = varieties of Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. [词形转换] 1）vary v. 变化；改变 vary in 在…方面不同 vary with 随…变化而变化 vary from…to…/ vary between…and… 从…到…变化/ 从…到…不等 2）varied adj. 各种各样的 3）various adj. 各种各样的 9. major 1）adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 2）n. 主修课程 3）v. 主修 major in 主修… My daughter majors in maths at university. [词形转换] 1）majority n. 大多数；大部分 be in the/ a majority 占大多数 10. means n. 方式；方法；途径 by this means 通过这种方式 by all means 可以，当然行 by no means 一点也不，绝不 11. regard 1）n. 尊重；关注；问候；致意 [pl.] have/ show great regard for… 重视… We have great regard for the doctors and nurses fighting in the front line. give one’s regards (to sb.) 代某人（向某人）问好 with/ in regard to 关于；至于 With regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend. in this/ that regard 在这/那方面，在这/那一点上 2）v. 把…视为；看待 regard…as 把…看作… Human life is regarded as part of nature, and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. 12. character n. 文字；符号；角色；性格；品质；特点 in character 符合…的性格 We are good friends and we are much alike in character. out of character 不符合…的性格 in character (with sth.)（与…）风格相同 13. appreciate 1）vt. 欣赏；重视 2）vt. 感激，感谢 appreciate (sb./ sb.’s) doing sth. 感激（某人）做某事 I’d appreciate you writing me back as soon as possible. I would appreciate it if… 如果…，我将不胜感激 I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice. [词形转换] 1）appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 in appreciation of… 感激… 2）appreciative adj. 欣赏的；感激的 14. struggle 1）n. 奋斗；斗争 2）v. 奋斗，努力 struggle for… 为…而斗争/努力 He struggled for the right words to say. struggle with/ against 与…斗争 To get an education, he was struggling with/ against many difficulties. struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 As teenagers grow older, they struggle to be independent but at the same time, badly need their parents’ love. struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 The soldier was badly wounded but he struggled to his feet at last. 15. point of view 角度；观点；看法 from one’s point of view 在某人看来 If you learn to understand things from others’ point of view, you will be able to learn very quickly from the mistakes you make. 1）in view 在视野中，看得见 2）in one’s view 在某人看来 3）in view of 鉴于，由于 4）on view 在展出 5）come into view 进入视野 6）take/ hold the view that… 持有…观点 16. have trouble with have trouble with sth./ sb. 在某方面有困难/与某人闹矛盾 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 17. depend on/ upon 相信；依靠；取决于 depend on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 He’s quite reliable. You can depend on him to help you out. It (all) depends./ That depends. 那得看情况 17. equal 1）n. 同等的人/物 be without equal 无与伦比 have no equal in 在…方面无人能敌 From my point of view, he has no equal in music. 2）adj. 想同的，相等的；同样的；能胜任的 be equal to 与…相等；能胜任/应付 He is equal to this position. be equal in 在…方面相同 They are equal in both talent and abilities. equal pay for equal work 同工同酬 3）linking verb. 等于 vt. 比得上 A equals B in… A在…方面比得上B No one equals him in strength. 18. demand 1）n. 要求；需求 in demand 有需求地 Chinese teachers are in great demand abroad these days. meet/ satisfy one’s demands (for…) 满足某人（对…）的要求 2）vt. 强烈要求；需求 demand sth. of/ from sb. 向某人要某物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 The policeman stopped me and demanded to see my driving license. [词形转换] 1）demanding adj. 要求高的 19. description n. 描述；形容 beyond description 无法形容 The beauty of Tibet is simply beyond description. give a detailed/ brief description of… 对…作详细的/简要的描述 She gave a detailed description of the attacker. [词形转换] 1）describe v. 表述 describe…as… 把…描述为… Her character in that film is very outgoing, even though in real life, she always described herself as shy and quiet. 2）descriptive adj. 描写的；叙述的 20. relate to 与…相关；涉及；谈到 The research relates to the efforts of the Internet on teenagers. [词形转换] 1）relate vt. 联系；讲述 relate A to B 把A与B联系起来 The professor told his students to relate theory to practice. be related to 与…有关系 Some diseases are closely related to air pollution, such as lung cancer. 2）related adj. 相关的 3）relation n. 关系；联系 in relation to 与…相比；关于 [巩固练习] 1. We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth ________ (system) with engineering alone. 2. When the run began, he ran with all his strength, in spite ________ his abnormal steps. 3. According to paragraph 2, creators handle ups dan ________ (down) of life wisely. 4. We can rule out（排除）that the dogs simply disting-uish between the pictures ________ (base) on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth. 5. The extensive collection consists of master-works in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe ________ (date) from about the 9th to 15th century. 6. Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol ________ good fortune and wealth. 7. How can a painting ________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind ? 8. When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing ________ (vary) of wildlife. 9. A recent survey suggests that the ________ (major) of students being interviewed, about 65%, tend to learn English by listening to English songs. 10. No matter ________ hard I tried, I was always the neglected one. 11. But Wilson did not regard the accident ________ catastrophic（灾难性的）. 12. It is difficult to figure out a ________ (globe) population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. 13. A few ________ (character) are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. 14. China’s soft power grows in line with the increasing ________ (appreciate) and understanding of China globally. 15. According to a survey, most students being interviewed, ________ (specific) 65%, choose to listen to English songs, while half of the students prefer to watch English movies. 16. Oceans play a key role ________ our world. Not only do oceans offer us sufficient food, but also they maintain the balance of nature. 17. - Only those who have a lot in common can get along well. - I beg ________ (differ). Opposites sometimes do attract. 18. Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides ________ (equal) contact and share with one another. 19. Their wings can bridge the gap ________ lines, resulting in electrocution（电死） if they touch two lines at once. 20. Like running, race walking is physically ________ (demand), she says. 21. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid ________ (describe) of the purest of Central Asian Traditions. 22. This is quite important, because it is directly related ________ your commitment. 23. Determining where we are in ________ (relate) to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 24. I used ________ (keep) hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$