精品解析：2024届辽宁省大连市高三适应性测试（二模）英语试题

2024年大连市高三适应性测试 英语 注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的名字、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To attend a concert. B. To make a reservation. C. To recommend a restaurant. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow travelers. B. Workmates. C. Classmates. 3. How is the girl feeling now? A. Touched. B. Annoyed. C. Sad. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. In a company. 5. What is the weather like now? A. It's stormy. B. It's sunny. C. It's windy. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A Assigning work. B. Reporting a schedule. C. Planning a trip. 7. When will the man go to a plant? A. On Tuesday evening. B. On Wednesday morning. C. On Wednesday afternoon. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is Gloria unwilling to play in the snow? A. She's got a slight cold. B. She's got her knee injured. C. She's afraid of getting hurt. 9. What did Leo do? A. He removed the car. B. He cleared the snow. C. He drank some coffee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What are the speakers talking about? A. Planning a celebration. B. Sharing favorite sports. C. Choosing birthday gifts. 11. Whose birthday is coming up? A Kim's. B. Jack's. C. Nick's. 12. What's the woman's suggestion? A. Seeing a film. B. Going ice skating. C. Going bowling. 13. Where are the speakers going to meet first this Saturday? A. In a sports center. B. At a coffee bar. C. In a cinema. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is probably Patel? A. A sociologist. B. A journalist. C. A photographer. 15. What does the woman think of the photo taken thirty years ago? A It's impressive. B. It's old-fashioned. C. It's abstract. 16. What does Patel say about his family? A. They all liked taking photos. B. Their life in India was very tough. C. His parents were committed to their jobs. 17. How long is the exhibition scheduled to last? A. One week. B. Eight days. C. 14 days. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did Hakobyan Aleta come to China three years ago? A. To go sightseeing. B. To teach a language. C. To learn a shadow play. 19. What impressed Hakobyan Aleta most about China? A. The natural scenery. B. The diverse customs. C. The local folk stories. 20 Which of the following best describes Aleta's job? A. It's far-reaching. B. It's well-paid. C. It's short-lived. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Ready to step into the magical world of castles? Here are some of the most beautiful and famous castles around the globe to add to your bucket list. Chateau de Chambord, Loire Valley, France Located in the heart of the Loire Valley in France, the Chateau de Chambord and UNESCO World Heritage Site reflects the Renaissance era through and through. It’s home to the famous double helix (螺旋)staircase, designed by the great Leonardo Da Vinci. Windsor Castle, Berkshire, United Kingdom Escape from the crowded streets of London with a trip to Windsor Castle, located just 20minutes away by train from Paddington Station. This gothic-style castle is an ancient wonder—it is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Scotland Sitting on Castle Rock, Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is a historic fortress (堡垒) with a commanding presence over the city. Set against clear, expansive skies, its ancient beauty and attraction are best enjoyed at sunrise or sunset. If you’re traveling with kids, consider an interactive Harry Potter-themed walking tour that includes Edinburgh Castle as one of its stops. Schloss Neuschwanstein, Bavaria, Germany Set in the peaceful countryside of Bavaria, Germany, Neuschwanstein Castle is the very castle that inspired the Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland in Anaheim, California. Located nearby is the equally impressive Hohenschwangau, where the late King Ludwig II spent his childhood. Both castles require admission tickets. Traveler tip: Join a skip-the-line tour with stopovers at both. 1. Which castle best suits a family with little kids? A. Chateau de Chambord. B. Windsor Castle. C. Edinburgh Castle. D. Schloss Neuschwanstein. 2. What can people do if they go to Bavaria, Germany? A. Skip the line at will. B. Take a tour for free. C. Get some inspiration. D. Visit two castles at a time. 3. Who are most likely to be interested in the text? A. Nature adventurers. B. Travel lovers. C. Extreme sports players. D. Professional philosophers. B Most people suffer from “just-me-ism”. What is that? Well, say you leave the tap running while brushing your teeth, or you drop a piece of litter and can ’t be bothered to pick it up. You know all those things are wrong, but so what? “What difference can it possibly make?” you say to yourself. “There are millions of people in the world and I’m just me.” But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves, “It doesn’t matter, it’s just me.” Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped. And all of this would be very harmful. To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a world’s well-known environmental scientist. Besides her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in. Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant? One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you. That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about. Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that every individual matters. You get to choose: Do you want to make the world a better place? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. 4. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The reasons for “just-me-ism”. B. The negative effects of “just-me-ism”. C. The definition of “just-me-ism”. D. The sufferings of people with “just-me-ism”. 5. How does Roots & Shoots help protect the environment? A. By appealing for experts’ devotion. B. By explaining the origin of the organization. C. By enhancing young people’s academic skills. D. By motivating the youth to make a difference. 6. Why does the author give the examples in the last paragraph? A. To illustrate the value of each individual. B. To demonstrate the significance of teamwork. C. To make a comment about some acts of kindness. D. To inspire young people to reflect on wrongdoings. 7. What does the author suggest people do? A. Join Roots & Shoots. B. Break open walls. C. Resolve world issues. D. Pull their own weight. C Imagine you are on your way out of class today. You trip on a loose piece of carpet and break your ankle. As a result of the injury, you lose your place in the local sports team. Bad luck? Or an opportunity to get rich quickly? Roslyn Darch of Houston felt annoyed when she tripped over a little kid running around a furniture store, and broke her ankle. But a few months later, she was $780,000 richer, after she successfully sued (起诉) the shop. The owner was clearly surprised at Roslyn’s compensation, particularly since the child she tripped over was her own son. Some argue that this is just greed—that the amount of money is far too much for the injury suffered—and besides, it’s not the shop’s fault that a mother can’t control her child anyway. Others would say that it’s good to see the law taking the side of the individual against the big corporations, for a change. Take the example of the hundreds of smokers who have received millions of dollars from the tobacco companies, after saying they were responsible for the terminal illnesses they had developed because of smoking. Whatever you think, the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading, and it will affect all of us. And it’s not only claims for physical injuries that are keeping the lawyers busy. A group of overweight New York teenagers sued giant fast-food company, claiming that they had not had enough warning that a diet of burgers, fries and milkshakes would make them fat. Who knows where it will end? Some say there should be penalties (处罚)for excessive claims, or that there should be a limit on payouts. But one thing’s for sure—in the end, the only certain winner is the lawyer! 8 What does the underlined word “compensation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The great payout. B. The process of the sue. C. The incredible accident. D. The unexpected injury. 9. What may be the main reason for Roslyn Darch’s success in the shop? A. The law took her side. B. The owner’s son tripped her. C. She fell over the furniture. D. She suffered a severe injury. 10. What’s the function of the case mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Analyzing reasons. B. Providing evidence. C. Showing humor. D. Explaining concepts. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. To Fine or Not to Fine: the Lawyer’s Victory B. To Support or Not to support: the Value of Justice C. To Pay or Not to Pay: the Big Company’s Option D. To Sue or Not to Sue : the Rise of Compensation Culture D Though shark attacks can be a rare occurrence, there have been 46 publicly reported shark attacks so far this year. Then why do sharks attack humans? Here's everything we know. Shark attacks are often put into different categories: provoked (被挑衅) and unprovoked. “Unprovoked bites” are defined as incidents in which a bite on a human occurs in the shark's natural habitat with no human provocation of the shark. “Provoked bites” occur when a human starts interacting with a shark in some way. For instance, when divers are bitten after attacking or trying to touch sharks. Roger Tabor, a biologist and naturalist, says, “There is no evidence that sharks specifically hunt people.” Nowadays, a theory called the Mistaken Identity Hypothesis (假说) explains shark bites on surfers, swimmers and divers as “mistakes,” which typically means that sharks might confuse humans with their typical prey (猎物). Mr. Tabor says surfing has previously been linked to shark attacks because the sudden movement, similar to an animal suddenly moving back, or bright parts of wetsuits reflecting looking like a fish, can cause a response in the visually oriented (导向的) great white". In a paper published by Eric Clua, a marine biologist and Carl Meyer, a biologist at the University of Hawaii, in the Brill Journal, they look at the MIH theory. The paper says that although MlH may now be “widely” accepted by the general public and the scientific community, there are still some unknown gaps. “This hypothesis ignores the important role of other senses (e.g. hearing) in discriminating potential prey,” the paper says. The authors also note that shark bites which occur in clear water cannot always be explained by MIH. It adds," To put it simply, sharks don't make ‘mistakes’ but instead continually explore their environments and routinely investigate novel objects as potential prey by biting them.” Climate change may be another reason for seeing an increase in shark attacks. Mr. Tabor says," Global warming and habitat damage can move marine species including seals and sharks. That can bring larger sharks more into contact with beaches, with people.” 12. What can we learn about sharks from paragraph 2? A. They tend to bite humans purposely. B. They are frequently targeted at divers. C. They are potentially risky to interact with. D. They don't attack people unless disturbed. 13. Why do sharks attack people according to Mr. Tabor? A. Bright wetsuits damage sharks' vision. B. Sharks have quite a poor sense of sight. C. Sharks merely take people for their prey. D. Global warming results in their violence. 14. What is Eric Clua and Carl Meyer’ attitude toward the MIH theory? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Carefree. D. Tolerant. 15. What do the authors think accounts for sharks' bites on people? A. Desire to seek new food sources. B. Lack of underwater creatures as prey. C. Constant transformation of the environment. D. Incompetence of distinguishing novel objects. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。 It’s very important to use the summer break effectively. The break should be seen as an extended part of your education. You can learn about the world, about life, and most importantly, about yourself. You could also obtain some valuable experience. An effective break will bring you more satisfaction and contribute to your future. ____16____ And you can make this summer break the one that could change your life. These tips may help you. Be organised. Before your break starts, do some research and make a plan. Take travel for example. You have to find out about the destination. How to get there? Where to stay? How much to spend? And so on and so forth. ____17____ Be money-minded. Will you spend money or save it? Will you need to borrow money? Budgeting is an essential life skill to master. ____18____ For example, perhaps you could find paid or voluntary work that is away from home, which will also give you lots of travel experience. ____19____ If you’re going away from home, make sure you go to a reputable place. Always let your parents know where you are. It’s best to travel with friends, too. Be happy. Although planning an effective summer break can be stressful, it is essential to ensure that you have a safe and pleasant time! ____20____ It will enable you to gain experience and have fun at the same time. A. Be safe. B. Be smart. C. Start thinking and planning now. D. Stop having a rest now and then. E. You don’t have to choose just one option. F. This in itself develops important life skills. G. Remember to do something that interests you. 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ADHD, short for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a disease. Alex hated these four letters. It felt like a huge ____21____ stuck straight on his forehead, like the only thing that ____22____ him. Yet wonders come in moments. The family didn't ____23____ they would return from a holiday to the UK with a puppy (小狗). In a Greece restaurant on the beach, Alex took a sausage, held it under the table and made a gentle ____24____ noise with his tongue, hoping to ____25____ the puppy’s attention. It turned its head around and immediately ____26____ the tasty sausage in his hand. ____27____ and nervously, the puppy ____28____ him. Once under the table, it gently ____29____ and grabbed the sausage.As soon as it was ____30____ in its mouth, it seemed to disappear down the puppy's throat in two seconds flat! The puppy then licked (舔) Alex 's fingers. Alex enjoyed the moment. “We’ll look after her,won’t we, Mum, Dad?” Alex asked. Mom knew this little dog had made its way into Alex’s ____31____. But how on earth could they take it back to England? And with so many ____32____ back in England full of wonderful dogs needing homes, were they even ____33____ in taking a dog from abroad? Anyway, she decided to give it a try. After many ____34____, Mum said in a low voice, “Well, Alex, we gave it our best.” Alex’s eyes welled up,expecting the ____35____ news. “But it paid off!”, she smiled. “Puppy is coming home!” Alex screamed, jumping up and down. “I told you, my boy, ”said Mum, “wonders can happen, even for a little dog. So it is with you.” 21. A. sticker B. band C. scar D. blow 22. A. relaxed B. cured C. defined D. guided 23. A. anticipate B. assume C. agree D. recognize 24. A. caring B. clicking C. threatening D. thundering 25. A. distract B. avoid C. removed D. capture 26. A. accepted B. seized C. spotted D. took 27. A. Slowly B. Naturally C. Absently D. Secretly 28. A. followed B. approached C. watched D. circled 29. A. jumped off B. rolled up C. reached over D. inched out 30. A. originally B. suddenly C. temporarily D. securely 31. A. hands B. heart C. arms D. forehead 32. A. families B. partners C. shelters D. stores 33. A. identified B. confirmed C. admitted D. justified 34. A. conflicts B. challenges C. adventures D. instructions 35. A. bad B. inviting C. satisfactory D. amazing 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created ____36____ overall system to mark the annual passage of time ____37____ (base) on observations of the sun’s motion, called “The 24 Solar Terms”. In 2016, the 24 solar terms ____38____ (include) in the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In ancient times, this system guided agricultural production, instructing farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, ____39____ directed Chinese folk customs. Nowadays, the 24 solar terms can not only be applied ____40____ farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people ____41____ (adapt) to the changes in the seasons through ____42____ (suit) foods and cultural customs. In the past years, with the deepening of people’s understanding of traditional culture, cultural products inspired by the 24 solar terms ____43____ (emerge). This ancient time system has gained new charm and vitality in the new era. The 24 solar terms reflect the emotional bond, the ____44____ (wise) and creativity of the Chinese, ____45____ respect and live in harmony with nature. It has a great impact on the way people think and their norms of conduct. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark正在学习汉语，请写封邮件向他介绍一句汉语名言，内容包括： 1．名言内容； 2．隐含意义及实际应用。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mark, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 In December, an unseen disease arrived in a village. Ally was one of the victims. She lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a wall out of the window under her blanket. The doctor took her father, who was a painter, aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live. Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.” Her father took some paper and a pen into Ally’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Ally’s spirits. Ally’s eyes were open, but they weren’t watching him. Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards, “Ten, nine, eight, seven…” “What are you counting, dear?” asked her father. “They’re falling faster now,” replied Ally. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now there are only five left now. Five leaves on the ivy vine (常春藤). When the last one falls, I must go, too.” “Oh, I never heard of such nonsense,” quickly replied her father. But Ally’s mind was made up. “I want to see the last one fall. I want to go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.” “Try to sleep,” said her father. Ally closed her eyes quietly. Watching her daughter’s pale face, he was lost in deep thought. As a painter, he had never produced a masterpiece he longed to paint in 40 years. As a father, he even couldn’t help her daughter cheer up. Looking out of the window, he noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. What’s more, a cold rain was falling mixed with snow. “Are there people in the world that are foolish to think they’ll die because leaves drop off from an ivy vine? This is not a place in which Ally shall lie sick.” He made up his mind to do something. The next morning, Ally woke and asked for the curtains to be opened. One leaf remained on the ivy vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain. “It will fall today. And I will die with it.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The following day, Ally asked again for the curtains to be opened. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few weeks later, Ally recovered completely and the secret was revealed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 BCAAB 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 BABCA 16-20 CABCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年大连市高三适应性测试 英语 注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的名字、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To attend a concert. B. To make a reservation. C. To recommend a restaurant. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow travelers. B. Workmates. C. Classmates. 3. How is the girl feeling now? A. Touched. B. Annoyed. C. Sad. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. In a company. 5. What is the weather like now? A. It's stormy. B. It's sunny. C. It's windy. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Assigning work. B. Reporting a schedule. C. Planning a trip. 7. When will the man go to a plant? A. On Tuesday evening. B. On Wednesday morning. C. On Wednesday afternoon. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is Gloria unwilling to play in the snow? A. She's got a slight cold. B. She's got her knee injured. C. She's afraid of getting hurt. 9. What did Leo do? A. He removed the car. B. He cleared the snow. C. He drank some coffee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What are the speakers talking about? A. Planning a celebration. B. Sharing favorite sports. C. Choosing birthday gifts. 11. Whose birthday is coming up? A. Kim's. B. Jack's. C. Nick's. 12. What's the woman's suggestion? A. Seeing a film. B. Going ice skating. C. Going bowling. 13. Where are the speakers going to meet first this Saturday? A. In a sports center. B. At a coffee bar. C. In a cinema. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is probably Patel? A. A sociologist. B. A journalist. C. A photographer. 15. What does the woman think of the photo taken thirty years ago? A. It's impressive. B. It's old-fashioned. C. It's abstract. 16. What does Patel say about his family? A. They all liked taking photos. B. Their life in India was very tough. C. His parents were committed to their jobs. 17. How long is the exhibition scheduled to last? A. One week. B. Eight days. C. 14 days. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did Hakobyan Aleta come to China three years ago? A. To go sightseeing. B. To teach a language. C. To learn a shadow play. 19. What impressed Hakobyan Aleta most about China? A. The natural scenery. B. The diverse customs. C. The local folk stories. 20. Which of the following best describes Aleta's job? A. It's far-reaching. B. It's well-paid. C. It's short-lived. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A Ready to step into the magical world of castles? Here are some of the most beautiful and famous castles around the globe to add to your bucket list. Chateau de Chambord, Loire Valley, France Located in the heart of the Loire Valley in France, the Chateau de Chambord and UNESCO World Heritage Site reflects the Renaissance era through and through. It’s home to the famous double helix (螺旋)staircase, designed by the great Leonardo Da Vinci. Windsor Castle, Berkshire, United Kingdom Escape from the crowded streets of London with a trip to Windsor Castle, located just 20minutes away by train from Paddington Station. This gothic-style castle is an ancient wonder—it is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Scotland Sitting on Castle Rock, Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is a historic fortress (堡垒) with a commanding presence over the city. Set against clear, expansive skies, its ancient beauty and attraction are best enjoyed at sunrise or sunset. If you’re traveling with kids, consider an interactive Harry Potter-themed walking tour that includes Edinburgh Castle as one of its stops. Schloss Neuschwanstein, Bavaria, Germany Set in the peaceful countryside of Bavaria, Germany, Neuschwanstein Castle is the very castle that inspired the Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland in Anaheim, California. Located nearby is the equally impressive Hohenschwangau, where the late King Ludwig II spent his childhood. Both castles require admission tickets. Traveler tip: Join a skip-the-line tour with stopovers at both. 1. Which castle best suits a family with little kids? A. Chateau de Chambord. B. Windsor Castle. C. Edinburgh Castle. D. Schloss Neuschwanstein. 2. What can people do if they go to Bavaria, Germany? A. Skip the line at will. B. Take a tour for free. C Get some inspiration. D. Visit two castles at a time. 3. Who are most likely to be interested in the text? A. Nature adventurers. B. Travel lovers. C. Extreme sports players. D. Professional philosophers. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座城堡的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Scotland“If you’re traveling with kids, consider an interactive Harry Potter-themed walking tour that includes Edinburgh Castle as one of its stops.(如果你和孩子们一起旅行，可以考虑一次以哈利波特为主题的互动式徒步旅行，爱丁堡城堡是其中一站)”可知，Edinburgh Castle最适合有小孩的家庭。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Schloss Neuschwanstein, Bavaria, Germany“Set in the peaceful countryside of Bavaria, Germany, Neuschwanstein Castle is the very castle that inspired the Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland in Anaheim, California. Located nearby is the equally impressive Hohenschwangau, where the late King Ludwig II spent his childhood.(新天鹅堡坐落在德国巴伐利亚州宁静的乡村，正是这座城堡启发了加州阿纳海姆迪士尼乐园的睡美人城堡。附近还有同样令人印象深刻的霍恩施万高，已故国王路德维希二世在那里度过了他的童年)”可知，如果人们去德国巴伐利亚州可以一次参观两座城堡。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ready to step into the magical world of castles? Here are some of the most beautiful and famous castles around the globe to add to your bucket list.(准备好进入城堡的神奇世界了吗？这里有一些世界上最美丽、最著名的城堡，可以添加到你的愿望清单中)”结合文章主要介绍了四座城堡，可知，旅游爱好者最有可能对文章感兴趣。故选B。 B Most people suffer from “just-me-ism”. What is that? Well, say you leave the tap running while brushing your teeth, or you drop a piece of litter and can ’t be bothered to pick it up. You know all those things are wrong, but so what? “What difference can it possibly make?” you say to yourself. “There are millions of people in the world and I’m just me.” But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves, “It doesn’t matter, it’s just me.” Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped. And all of this would be very harmful. To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a world’s well-known environmental scientist. Besides her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in. Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile, when you make a dog wag its tail, and when you water a thirsty plant? One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you. That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about. Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that every individual matters. You get to choose: Do you want to make the world a better place? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. 4. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The reasons for “just-me-ism”. B. The negative effects of “just-me-ism”. C. The definition of “just-me-ism”. D. The sufferings of people with “just-me-ism”. 5. How does Roots & Shoots help protect the environment? A. By appealing for experts’ devotion. B. By explaining the origin of the organization. C. By enhancing young people’s academic skills. D. By motivating the youth to make a difference. 6. Why does the author give the examples in the last paragraph? A. To illustrate the value of each individual. B. To demonstrate the significance of teamwork. C. To make a comment about some acts of kindness. D. To inspire young people to reflect on wrongdoings. 7. What does the author suggest people do? A. Join Roots & Shoots. B. Break open walls. C. Resolve world issues. D. Pull their own weight. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们常有的“唯我主义”心态，认为个人的小动作对世界微乎其微。然而文章通过Roots & Shoots组织的创立强调了每个人都很重要，鼓励年轻人为了环境、动物和社区采取行动。文章最后提出，每个人的小善举都能让世界变得更美好，呼吁大家积极参与，共同创造一个美好的未来。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves, “It doesn’t matter, it’s just me.” Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped. And all of this would be very harmful.”（但想想那些成千上万的人对自己说：“没关系，只有我这样。”数百万加仑的水将被浪费；数以百万计的垃圾将被丢弃。所有这些都是非常有害的。）可知，第一段主要讲的是“唯我主义”的负面影响。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a world’s well-known environmental scientist. Besides her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.”（为了激励年轻人为环境、动物和他们的社区采取行动，Roots & Shoots组织由世界知名环境科学家简·古道尔博士于20世纪90年代初创立。在科研之余，她一直致力于环境保护事业。）可推知，Roots & Shoots通过激励年轻人做出改变来帮助保护环境。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you. That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about. Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that every individual matters.”（一个快乐的人，一只快乐的狗，一株开花的植物，还有你。这就是“Roots & Shoots”的宗旨。简·古道尔博士认为，最重要的是每个人都很重要。）可推知，作者在最后一段给出了这些例子是为了说明每个人的价值。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You get to choose: Do you want to make the world a better place? Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart? Do you want to be part of a community for a shared future? You cannot be absent.”（你可以选择：你想让世界变得更美好吗？你想让Roots & Shoots在每个人心中扎根吗？你想成为命运共同体的一份子吗？你不能缺席。）可推知，作者建议人们加入Roots & Shoots。故选A项。 C Imagine you are on your way out of class today. You trip on a loose piece of carpet and break your ankle. As a result of the injury, you lose your place in the local sports team. Bad luck? Or an opportunity to get rich quickly? Roslyn Darch of Houston felt annoyed when she tripped over a little kid running around a furniture store, and broke her ankle. But a few months later, she was $780,000 richer, after she successfully sued (起诉) the shop. The owner was clearly surprised at Roslyn’s compensation, particularly since the child she tripped over was her own son. Some argue that this is just greed—that the amount of money is far too much for the injury suffered—and besides, it’s not the shop’s fault that a mother can’t control her child anyway. Others would say that it’s good to see the law taking the side of the individual against the big corporations, for a change. Take the example of the hundreds of smokers who have received millions of dollars from the tobacco companies, after saying they were responsible for the terminal illnesses they had developed because of smoking. Whatever you think, the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading, and it will affect all of us. And it’s not only claims for physical injuries that are keeping the lawyers busy. A group of overweight New York teenagers sued giant fast-food company, claiming that they had not had enough warning that a diet of burgers, fries and milkshakes would make them fat. Who knows where it will end? Some say there should be penalties (处罚)for excessive claims, or that there should be a limit on payouts. But one thing’s for sure—in the end, the only certain winner is the lawyer! 8. What does the underlined word “compensation” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The great payout. B. The process of the sue. C. The incredible accident. D. The unexpected injury. 9. What may be the main reason for Roslyn Darch’s success in the shop? A. The law took her side. B. The owner’s son tripped her. C. She fell over the furniture. D. She suffered a severe injury. 10. What’s the function of the case mentioned in paragraph 4? A. Analyzing reasons. B. Providing evidence. C Showing humor. D. Explaining concepts. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. To Fine or Not to Fine: the Lawyer’s Victory B. To Support or Not to support: the Value of Justice C. To Pay or Not to Pay: the Big Company’s Option D. To Sue or Not to Sue : the Rise of Compensation Culture 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以罗斯林·达奇起诉商店为例，说明了如今赔偿文化兴起现象。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“But a few months later, she was $780,000 richer, after she successfully sued (起诉) the shop.(但几个月后，她成功起诉了这家商店，赚了78万美元)”以及划线词上文“The owner was clearly surprised at Roslyn’s”可知，主人显然对罗斯林的巨额赔偿感到惊讶，尤其是她绊倒的孩子是她自己的儿子。故划线词指的是“巨额赔偿”，故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Others would say that it’s good to see the law taking the side of the individual against the big corporations, for a change.(另一些人则会说，很高兴看到法律站在个人一边，反对大公司，这是一个改变)”可知，罗斯林·达奇在这家店取得成功的主要原因是法律站在她这边。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“And it’s not only claims for physical injuries that are keeping the lawyers busy. A group of overweight New York teenagers sued giant fast-food company, claiming that they had not had enough warning that a diet of burgers, fries and milkshakes would make them fat.(让律师们忙碌的不仅仅是身体伤害的索赔。一群超重的纽约青少年起诉了一家快餐巨头，声称他们没有得到足够的警告，汉堡、薯条和奶昔会让他们变胖)”可知，第4段提到的案例的作用是提供证据。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Who knows where it will end? Some say there should be penalties (处罚)for excessive claims, or that there should be a limit on payouts. But one thing’s for sure—in the end, the only certain winner is the lawyer!(谁知道它会在哪里结束？一些人说，应该对过度索赔进行处罚，或者应该限制赔偿。但有一件事是肯定的——最后，唯一确定的赢家是律师！)”结合文章以罗斯林·达奇起诉商店为例，说明了如今赔偿文化兴起的现象。可知，D选项“起诉还是不起诉：赔偿文化的兴起”最符合文章标题。故选D。 D Though shark attacks can be a rare occurrence, there have been 46 publicly reported shark attacks so far this year. Then why do sharks attack humans? Here's everything we know. Shark attacks are often put into different categories: provoked (被挑衅) and unprovoked. “Unprovoked bites” are defined as incidents in which a bite on a human occurs in the shark's natural habitat with no human provocation of the shark. “Provoked bites” occur when a human starts interacting with a shark in some way. For instance, when divers are bitten after attacking or trying to touch sharks. Roger Tabor, a biologist and naturalist, says, “There is no evidence that sharks specifically hunt people.” Nowadays, a theory called the Mistaken Identity Hypothesis (假说) explains shark bites on surfers, swimmers and divers as “mistakes,” which typically means that sharks might confuse humans with their typical prey (猎物). Mr. Tabor says surfing has previously been linked to shark attacks because the sudden movement, similar to an animal suddenly moving back, or bright parts of wetsuits reflecting looking like a fish, can cause a response in the visually oriented (导向的) great white". In a paper published by Eric Clua, a marine biologist and Carl Meyer, a biologist at the University of Hawaii, in the Brill Journal, they look at the MIH theory. The paper says that although MlH may now be “widely” accepted by the general public and the scientific community, there are still some unknown gaps. “This hypothesis ignores the important role of other senses (e.g. hearing) in discriminating potential prey,” the paper says. The authors also note that shark bites which occur in clear water cannot always be explained by MIH. It adds," To put it simply, sharks don't make ‘mistakes’ but instead continually explore their environments and routinely investigate novel objects as potential prey by biting them.” Climate change may be another reason for seeing an increase in shark attacks. Mr. Tabor says," Global warming and habitat damage can move marine species including seals and sharks. That can bring larger sharks more into contact with beaches, with people.” 12. What can we learn about sharks from paragraph 2? A. They tend to bite humans purposely. B. They are frequently targeted at divers. C. They are potentially risky to interact with. D. They don't attack people unless disturbed. 13. Why do sharks attack people according to Mr. Tabor? A. Bright wetsuits damage sharks' vision. B. Sharks have quite a poor sense of sight. C. Sharks merely take people for their prey. D. Global warming results in their violence. 14. What is Eric Clua and Carl Meyer’ attitude toward the MIH theory? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Carefree. D. Tolerant. 15. What do the authors think accounts for sharks' bites on people? A. Desire to seek new food sources. B. Lack of underwater creatures as prey. C. Constant transformation of the environment. D. Incompetence of distinguishing novel objects. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了关于鲨鱼攻击人类的原因，包括误认为人类是猎物的假设，以及全球变暖和栖息地破坏导致海洋生物，包括海豹和鲨鱼的迁移，使得鲨鱼更多地接触到海滩和人类。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Unprovoked bites” are defined as incidents in which a bite on a human occurs in the shark's natural habitat with no human provocation of the shark. “Provoked bites” occur when a human starts interacting with a shark in some way.（“无挑衅性袭击”被定义为在鲨鱼的自然栖息地发生的对人类的咬伤，没有人类挑衅鲨鱼。“挑衅性咬伤”发生在人类开始以某种方式与鲨鱼互动时。）”可推知，与鲨鱼互动可能会引发鲨鱼的攻击，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mr. Tabor says surfing has previously been linked to shark attacks because the sudden movement, similar to an animal suddenly moving back, or bright parts of wetsuits reflecting looking like a fish, can cause a response in the visually oriented (导向的) great white（塔博尔先生说，冲浪以前曾与鲨鱼攻击有关，因为突然的动作，类似于动物突然后退，或者潜水服的亮部反射看起来像鱼，可以引起视觉导向的大白鲨的反应。）”可推知，鲨鱼可能会将人类误认为是它们的猎物，故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The paper says that although MlH may now be “widely” accepted by the general public and the scientific community, there are still some unknown gaps.（该论文指出，尽管MlH现在可能已经被公众和科学界“广泛”接受，但仍然存在一些未知的空白。）”可推知，Eric Clua和Carl Meyer对MIH理论持怀疑态度，故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To put it simply, sharks don't make ‘mistakes’but instead continually explore their environments and routinely investigate novel objects as potential prey by biting them.（简单地说，鲨鱼不会犯“错误”，而是不断探索他们的环境，并通过咬它们来常规地调查新的东西作为潜在的猎物。）”可推知，作者认为鲨鱼咬人的原因是渴望寻找新的食物来源。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。 It’s very important to use the summer break effectively. The break should be seen as an extended part of your education. You can learn about the world, about life, and most importantly, about yourself. You could also obtain some valuable experience. An effective break will bring you more satisfaction and contribute to your future. ____16____ And you can make this summer break the one that could change your life. These tips may help you. Be organised. Before your break starts, do some research and make a plan. Take travel for example. You have to find out about the destination. How to get there? Where to stay? How much to spend? And so on and so forth. ____17____ Be money-minded. Will you spend money or save it? Will you need to borrow money? Budgeting is an essential life skill to master. ____18____ For example, perhaps you could find paid or voluntary work that is away from home, which will also give you lots of travel experience. ____19____ If you’re going away from home, make sure you go to a reputable place. Always let your parents know where you are. It’s best to travel with friends, too. Be happy. Although planning an effective summer break can be stressful, it is essential to ensure that you have a safe and pleasant time! ____20____ It will enable you to gain experience and have fun at the same time. A. Be safe. B. Be smart. C. Start thinking and planning now. D. Stop having a rest now and then. E. You don’t have to choose just one option. F. This in itself develops important life skills. G. Remember to do something that interests you. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有效利用暑假的一些技巧。 【16题详解】 下文“And you can make this summer break the one that could change your life. (你可以让这个暑假成为改变你生活的一个)”说明如果你采取措施，你可以让暑假改变你的生活，C项“现在就开始思考和计划。”说明具体的做法，引出下文说明的作用，符合题意。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文“Before your break starts, do some research and make a plan. Take travel for example. You have to find out about the destination. How to get there? Where to stay? How much to spend? And so on and so forth.(在假期开始之前，做一些调查并制定一个计划。以旅行为例。你必须了解目的地。如何到达那里？住在哪里？花多少钱？等等)”以旅行为例介绍了要有条理的具体做法，F项“这本身就培养了重要的生活技能。”说明上文提及的做法也会培养生活技能，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 【18题详解】 下文“For example, perhaps you could find paid or voluntary work that is away from home, which will also give you lots of travel experience.(例如，也许你可以在外地找到带薪或志愿工作，这也会给你很多旅行经验)”举例说明你可以有不同的选择，E项“你不必只选择一个选项。”引出下文可以有不同选择的例子，符合题意。故选E。 【19题详解】 下文“If you’re going away from home, make sure you go to a reputable place. Always let your parents know where you are. It’s best to travel with friends, too.(如果你要离开家，一定要去一个值得信赖的地方。总是让你的父母知道你在哪里。最好也和朋友一起旅行)”介绍具体的做法，说明如果要离开家，你要保证自己的安全，A项“要安全。”概括下文内容，可以作为本段标题句。故选A。 【20题详解】 下文“It will enable you to gain experience and have fun at the same time.(它将使你在获得经验的同时获得乐趣)”说明空处应提及某种做法，它可以使你获得经验和乐趣，G项“记得做一些你感兴趣的事情。”中interests是关键词，引出下文使你获得乐趣这一结果，符合题意。故选G。 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ADHD, short for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a disease. Alex hated these four letters. It felt like a huge ____21____ stuck straight on his forehead, like the only thing that ____22____ him. Yet wonders come in moments. The family didn't ____23____ they would return from a holiday to the UK with a puppy (小狗). In a Greece restaurant on the beach, Alex took a sausage, held it under the table and made a gentle ____24____ noise with his tongue, hoping to ____25____ the puppy’s attention. It turned its head around and immediately ____26____ the tasty sausage in his hand. ____27____ and nervously, the puppy ____28____ him. Once under the table, it gently ____29____ and grabbed the sausage.As soon as it was ____30____ in its mouth, it seemed to disappear down the puppy's throat in two seconds flat! The puppy then licked (舔) Alex 's fingers. Alex enjoyed the moment. “We’ll look after her,won’t we, Mum, Dad?” Alex asked. Mom knew this little dog had made its way into Alex’s ____31____. But how on earth could they take it back to England? And with so many ____32____ back in England full of wonderful dogs needing homes, were they even ____33____ in taking a dog from abroad? Anyway, she decided to give it a try. After many ____34____, Mum said in a low voice, “Well, Alex, we gave it our best.” Alex’s eyes welled up,expecting the ____35____ news. “But it paid off!”, she smiled. “Puppy is coming home!” Alex screamed, jumping up and down. “I told you, my boy, ”said Mum, “wonders can happen, even for a little dog. So it is with you.” 21. A. sticker B. band C. scar D. blow 22. A. relaxed B. cured C. defined D. guided 23. A. anticipate B. assume C. agree D. recognize 24 A. caring B. clicking C. threatening D. thundering 25. A. distract B. avoid C. removed D. capture 26. A. accepted B. seized C. spotted D. took 27. A. Slowly B. Naturally C. Absently D. Secretly 28. A. followed B. approached C. watched D. circled 29. A. jumped off B. rolled up C. reached over D. inched out 30. A. originally B. suddenly C. temporarily D. securely 31. A. hands B. heart C. arms D. forehead 32. A. families B. partners C. shelters D. stores 33. A. identified B. confirmed C. admitted D. justified 34. A. conflicts B. challenges C. adventures D. instructions 35. A. bad B. inviting C. satisfactory D. amazing 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯和家人在希腊度假的时候，遇到了一只和自己很投缘的小狗，在家人的努力下他们顺利地收养了小狗。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉就像一个巨大的贴纸贴在他的额头上，就像唯一能定义他的东西。A. sticker贴纸；B. band乐队；C. scar疤痕；D. blow打击。根据后文“stuck straight on his forehead”把ADHD比喻成贴纸，贴在他的额头上，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉就像一个巨大贴纸贴在他的额头上，就像唯一能定义他的东西。A. relaxed放松；B. cured治愈；C. defined下定义；D. guided指导。根据上文“ADHD, short for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a disease. Alex hated these four letters.( ADHD是注意缺陷多动障碍的简称，是一种疾病。亚历克斯讨厌这四个字母)”指他感到ADHD这种疾病定义了他。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人没想到他们会带着一只小狗从英国度假回来。A. anticipate预料；B. assume假设；C. agree同意；D. recognize认出。根据后文“they would return from a holiday to the UK with a puppy”以及遇到小狗是一次意外，所以这家人没想到他们会带着一只小狗从英国度假回来。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在海滩上的一家希腊餐馆里，亚历克斯拿起一根香肠，放在桌子底下，用舌头发出轻微的咔哒声，希望能引起小狗的注意。A. caring看护工作；B. clicking咔哒声；C. threatening威胁；D. thundering打雷。根据后文“noise with his tongue”以及“the puppy’s attention”可知用舌头发出轻微的咔哒声，来吸引小狗。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在海滩上的一家希腊餐馆里，亚历克斯拿起一根香肠，放在桌子底下，用舌头发出轻微的咔哒声，希望能引起小狗的注意。A. distract分心；B. avoid避免；C. removed去除；D. capture引起，捕捉。根据后文“the puppy’s attention”可知，发出声音是为了吸引小狗的注意。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它转过头来，立刻发现了他手里美味的香肠。A. accepted接受；B. seized抓住；C. spotted发现；D. took带走。根据上文“It turned its head around and immediately”可知，小狗转过头，发现了手中的香肠。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：小狗慢慢地、紧张地走近他。A. Slowly缓慢地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Absently心不在焉地；D. Secretly秘密地。根据后文“and nervously”可知，小狗很谨慎，缓慢紧张地靠近了他。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗慢慢地、紧张地走近他。A. followed跟随；B. approached靠近；C. watched观看；D. circled围绕。根据后文“and grabbed the sausage”可知，小狗靠近了他。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一到桌子底下，它就轻轻地过去抓住了香肠。A. jumped off跳下来；B. rolled up卷起；C. reached over过去；D. inched out慢慢地移动。根据后文“and grabbed the sausage”指小狗到了桌子下面，过去抓住了香肠。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当它被安全地放进嘴里时，它似乎在两秒钟内就从小狗的喉咙里消失了！A. originally起初；B. suddenly突然；C. temporarily暂时地；D. securely安全地。根据后文“in its mouth, it seemed to disappear down the puppy’s throat in two seconds flat”可知，香肠安全地到了小狗的嘴里，很快就吃完了。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈知道这只小狗已经赢得了亚历克斯的心。A. hands手；B. heart心脏；C. arms胳膊；D. forehead前额。根据后文“But how on earth could they take it back to England?(但他们怎么能把它带回英国呢？)”可知，小狗赢得了亚历克斯的心，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国有那么多的收容所，里面都是需要家的好狗，他们从国外领养狗有道理吗？A. families家人；B. partners伙伴；C. shelters收容所；D. stores商店。根据后文“back in England full of wonderful dogs needing homes”指英国的收容所也有很多狗。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国有那么多的收容所，里面都是需要家的好狗，他们从国外领养狗有道理吗？A. identified识别；B. confirmed确认；C. admitted承认；D. justified证明……正当。上文提到英国的收容所也有很多好狗，所以他们需要从国外领养狗的正当理由。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在多次挑战之后，妈妈低声说：“嗯，亚历克斯，我们已经尽力了。”A. conflicts冲突；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures冒险；D. instructions指示。根据后文“Well, Alex, we gave it our best.”可知，他们进行了多次尝试，多次挑战解决这一问题。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯的眼睛湿润了，预料到是个坏消息。A. bad坏的；B. inviting诱人的；C. satisfactory令人满意的；D. amazing惊人的。根据上文“Alex’s eyes welled up”可知，亚历克斯要哭了，说明他预期妈妈会说一个不能领养的坏消息。故选A。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 More than 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese people created ____36____ overall system to mark the annual passage of time ____37____ (base) on observations of the sun’s motion, called “The 24 Solar Terms”. In 2016, the 24 solar terms ____38____ (include) in the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. In ancient times, this system guided agricultural production, instructing farmers to expect the changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest, ____39____ directed Chinese folk customs. Nowadays, the 24 solar terms can not only be applied ____40____ farming, but also guide Chinese in everyday life. They remind people ____41____ (adapt) to the changes in the seasons through ____42____ (suit) foods and cultural customs. In the past years, with the deepening of people’s understanding of traditional culture, cultural products inspired by the 24 solar terms ____43____ (emerge). This ancient time system has gained new charm and vitality in the new era. The 24 solar terms reflect the emotional bond, the ____44____ (wise) and creativity of the Chinese, ____45____ respect and live in harmony with nature. It has a great impact on the way people think and their norms of conduct. 【答案】36. an 37. based 38. were included 39. and 40. to 41. to adapt 42. suitable 43. have emerged 44. wisdom 45. who 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代的二十四节气体系，其起源、农业指导作用、对民俗的影响，以及在现代社会中的新应用与文化影响，展现了人与自然和谐共处的智慧。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2000多年前，中国古代人创造了一个基于太阳运动观测的整体系统来记录每年时间的流逝，这个系统被称为“二十四节气”。system为可数名词“系统”，此处“一个整体系统”表示泛指，使用不定冠词，且overall以元音音素开头。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2000多年前，中国古代人创造了一个基于太阳运动观测的整体系统来记录每年时间的流逝，这个系统被称为“二十四节气”。空处用非谓语动词形式作后置定语修饰“annual passage of time”，因为“annual passage of time”与base之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填based。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在2016年，二十四节气被纳入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 2016”可知，此句应用一般过去时，且该动词和主语之间为被动关系，主语是复数。故填were included。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：在古代，这个系统指导农业生产，指示农民预测气温变化、春季播种和秋季收获，同时也指导中国的民俗习惯。此处需要一个连词连接“guided agricultural production”和“directed Chinese folk customs”两个并列的动作，表示“并且”，所以用并列连词and。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：如今，二十四节气不仅应用于农业，还指导中国人的日常生活。“应用于”的固定搭配为“be applied to”。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们提醒人们通过适宜的食物和文化习俗来适应季节的变化。“提醒某人做某事”结构为“remind sb. to do sth.”。故填to adapt。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它们提醒人们通过适宜的食物和文化习俗来适应季节的变化。此处应用形容词修饰名词foods，suit的形容词形式为suitable，意为“适宜的”，故填suitable。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，随着人们对传统文化认识的加深，受二十四节气启发的文化产品已经出现。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“In the past years”可知，此句应用现在完成时态，主语“cultural products”为复数。故填have emerged。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：二十四节气反映了中国人的情感联系、智慧和创造力。定冠词the后面应接名词，与creativity并列，wise的名词形式为wisdom，意为“智慧”，为不可数名词，故填wisdom。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些品质体现了尊重自然并与之和谐共生的中国人。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为Chinese，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark正在学习汉语，请写封邮件向他介绍一句汉语名言，内容包括： 1．名言内容； 2．隐含意义及实际应用。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mark, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Possible version 1 Dear Mark, Knowing that you are interested in Chinese, I’d like to introduce a Chinese proverb to you— Treat others the way you want to be treated. This Chinese proverb highly generalizes the essence of empathy, urging us to treat others with the same kindness and respect we desire for ourselves. In practice, serving as a guiding principle for our behavior, this proverb highlights the importance of considering others’ feelings in our decisions and actions, and encourages us to foster mutual understanding and respect, which contributes to establishing a harmonious society. Wish you great progress in learning Chinese. Yours, Li Hua Possible version 2 Dear Mark, Knowing that you are keen on Chinese, I’d like to introduce a Chinese proverb to you—A-thousand-mile journey begins with a single step. This proverb, put forward by the famous Chinese philosopher Laozi, illustrates the idea that every great endeavor starts with the first step. It implies whatever tough tasks or ambitious goals we have, we can achieve them through steady progress by taking persistent action and focusing on each small and manageable objective. In practice, the proverb serves as a timeless reminder that we should overcome obstacles and stay committed to our aspirations. Hopefully, this proverb will be of some use to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Mark写封邮件，向他介绍一句汉语名言，说明名言内容、隐含意义以及实际应用。 【详解】1.词汇积累(以第二篇范文为例) 喜爱：be keen on→be fond of 说明：illustrate→explain 实现：achieve→realize 专注于：focus on→concentrate on 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：This proverb, put forward by the famous Chinese philosopher Laozi, illustrates the idea that every great endeavor starts with the first step.  拓展句：This proverb, which was put forward by the famous Chinese philosopher Laozi, illustrates the idea that every great endeavor starts with the first step.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are keen on Chinese, I’d like to introduce a Chinese proverb to you—A-thousand-mile journey begins with a single step.(运用了现在分词Knowing作原因状语以及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】This proverb, put forward by the famous Chinese philosopher Laozi, illustrates the idea that every great endeavor starts with the first step. (运用了过去分词短语put forward作后置定语以及that引导的同位语从句) 第二节（满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 In December, an unseen disease arrived in a village. Ally was one of the victims. She lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a wall out of the window under her blanket. The doctor took her father, who was a painter, aside and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live. Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.” Her father took some paper and a pen into Ally’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Ally’s spirits. Ally’s eyes were open, but they weren’t watching him. Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards, “Ten, nine, eight, seven…” “What are you counting, dear?” asked her father. “They’re falling faster now,” replied Ally. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now there are only five left now. Five leaves on the ivy vine (常春藤). When the last one falls, I must go, too.” “Oh, I never heard of such nonsense,” quickly replied her father. But Ally’s mind was made up. “I want to see the last one fall. I want to go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.” “Try to sleep,” said her father. Ally closed her eyes quietly. Watching her daughter’s pale face, he was lost in deep thought. As a painter, he had never produced a masterpiece he longed to paint in 40 years. As a father, he even couldn’t help her daughter cheer up. Looking out of the window, he noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. What’s more, a cold rain was falling mixed with snow. “Are there people in the world that are foolish to think they’ll die because leaves drop off from an ivy vine? This is not a place in which Ally shall lie sick.” He made up his mind to do something. The next morning, Ally woke and asked for the curtains to be opened. One leaf remained on the ivy vine, bravely holding on in the wind and rain. “It will fall today. And I will die with it.” 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The following day, Ally asked again for the curtains to be opened. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few weeks later, Ally recovered completely and the secret was revealed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The following day, Ally asked again for the curtains to be opened. She peered through the glass with tired but determined eyes. Her father’s heart sank as he saw the same solitary leaf still clinging to the ivy vine, defying the harsh weather. He knew he had to act quickly. As soon as Ally closed her eyes, he ran out into the rain and snow, determined to save that last leaf, if only for his daughter’s sake. He climbed the trellis carefully, shivering in the cold, and managed to secure a piece of canvas over the vine to protect it from the elements. Back in Ally’s room, he hoped that his efforts would be enough to give her the will to fight on. A few weeks later, Ally recovered completely and the secret was revealed. Her father had been the one protecting that last leaf all along, using his love and creativity to give her the strength to live. When she finally saw the real vine, devoid of leaves due to the harsh winter, she understood the lengths her father had gone to for her. Tears of gratitude streamed down her face as she hugged him tightly. “You saved me, Daddy,” she whispered. “That leaf gave me hope when I had none. But it was your love that truly kept me alive.” From that day on, Ally cherished every moment and lived her life with renewed vigor, knowing that love and hope were the greatest forces in the world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了12月，一种看不见的疾病来到了一个村庄。艾丽是受害者之一。她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子盯着窗外的墙。艾丽看着窗外的树叶，作为自己生命的倒计时，而她的父亲为了不让她放弃生的希望，努力保护着这片叶子，最终艾丽明白了父亲的苦心，重新充满活力地生活着。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，艾丽再次要求拉开窗帘”可知，第一段可描写艾丽再次查看叶子，以及父亲决心采取行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“几个星期后，艾丽完全康复了，这个秘密被揭开了”可知，第二段可描写艾丽得知叶子没有落下背后的真相是父亲的保护，明白了父亲的苦心。 2.续写线索：再次查看树叶——父亲决心采取行动——保护叶子——艾丽康复——得知真相——艾丽感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot ②挽救：save/rescue ③珍惜：cherish/treasure 情绪类 ①爱：love/affection ②小心：carefully/cautiously 【点睛】[高分句型1] Her father’s heart sank as he saw the same solitary leaf still clinging to the ivy vine, defying the harsh weather. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] From that day on, Ally cherished every moment and lived her life with renewed vigor, knowing that love and hope were the greatest forces in the world. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 听力1-5 BCAAB 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 BABCA 16-20 CABCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$