精品解析：2024届北京市东城区高三下学期二模英语试题

北京市东城区2023—2024学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二） 英语 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying ___1___ when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to ___2___ her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the ___3___ and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven ___4___ jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried to ___5___ Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s ___6___ and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained. This little boy spent an hour ___7___ his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for ___8___. From there, Jacksonville authorities ___9___ and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and _____10_____ little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 1. A. hit B. turn C. pause D. risk 2. A. release B. find C. escape D. regain 3. A. fish B. jacket C. boat D. current 4. A. unusually B. suddenly C. instantly D. unexpectedly 5. A. relate to B. wait for C. count on D. stick with 6. A. explanation B. footsteps C. example D. instructions 7. A. clearing B. fighting C. picking D. changing 8. A. security B. understanding C. permission D. help 9. A. cut in B. looked out C. took over D. came around 10. A. tough B. humble C. hard-working D. confident 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Steven带儿女出海钓鱼，结果遇到了激流，女儿Mia不慎掉入水中，儿子Alex勇敢地去营救妹妹，最终两人成功获救的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在眨眼之间，情况发生了可怕的转折，一股强流突然袭来，导致 Mia松开了抓住船的手。A. hit击中；B. turn转折；C. pause暂停；D. risk风险。根据下文“a strong current suddenly swept through”可知，情况发生了突然的变化，糟糕的事发生了，故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. release放开；B. find找到；C. escape逃脱；D. regain重新获得。根据下文“But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.(但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Mia松开了抓住船的手，被水流冲走了，故选A。 3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也放开了船，向他的妹妹游去。A. fish鱼；B. jacket夹克；C. boat船；D. current水流。根据上文“While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone.(米娅穿着救生衣，亚历克斯没有。但当水流把他的妹妹冲走时，亚历克斯不会丢下她不管)”可知，Alex放开了船，去救他的妹妹，故选C。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：意识到危险，Steven立即跳入水中，试图帮助他的孩子。A. unusually不同寻常地；B. suddenly突然地；C. instantly立即地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“jumped into the water and tried to help his kids”可知，情况紧急，Steven立即跳入水中试图帮助他的孩子，故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我尽可能长时间地和Mia在一起。A. relate to与……有关；B. wait for等待；C. count on依靠；D. stick with坚持。根据下文“as long as I could”可知，Steven一直在尽力坚持救Mia，故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Alex听从了他父亲的指示，向岸边游去。A. explanation解释；B. footsteps脚步；C. example例子；D. instructions指示。根据上文“So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia.(所以他叫亚历克斯游到岸边，他去救米娅)”可知，Alex听从了父亲的指示，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩花了一个小时才回到岸上。A. clearing清除；B. fighting战斗；C. picking挑选；D. changing改变。根据上文“The current was going the opposite way(水流的方向正好相反)”以及下文“He swam more than a mile.(他游了一英里多)”可知，小男逆流孩游了一英里多才回到岸上，这是一场艰难的斗争，故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦他终于上岸，男孩跑到他能找到的第一所房子，请求帮助。A. security安全；B. understanding理解；C. permission许可；D. help帮助。根据下文“From there, Jacksonville authorities”和“rescued Steven and his daughter”可知，小男孩向杰克逊维尔当局请求帮助，去救爸爸和妹妹，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那里，杰克逊维尔当局接管并救出了Steven和他的女儿。A. cut in插嘴；B. looked out注意；C. took over接管；D. came around苏醒。根据下文“and rescued Steven and his daughter”可推理出，杰克逊维尔当局接管了救援工作，故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alex，这个勇敢而坚强的小男孩救了他的妹妹和爸爸。A. tough坚强的；B. humble谦虚的；C. hard-working勤奋的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“This little boy spent an hour… his way back to land. He swam more than a mile.”可知，小男孩花了一个小时游了一英里终于返回到陆地，可推理出Alex是一个坚强的小男孩，故选A。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Have you ever heard of the Ring of Fire? It might sound like something straight out of science fiction, ____11____ it is a real place. The Ring of Fire is the name used by scientists to describe an area ____12____ frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes take place. In fact, most of the world’s volcanoes are located there. The Ring of Fire is an arc-shaped region that ____13____ (run) along the coast of North and South America, along the eastern edge of Asia, across Alaska’s Aleutian Islands, and along the coast of New Zealand. 【答案】11. but 12. where 13. runs 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“环太平洋火山带”这一地理现象，它是一个真实存在的地区，以频繁的火山爆发和地震活动为特征。该地带沿北美和南美海岸、亚洲东缘、阿拉斯加的阿留申群岛以及新西兰海岸延伸，形成了一个弧形区域。 【11题详解】 考查连词。句意：这听起来可能像科幻小说中的东西，但它是一个真实的地方。空处前后句子之间存在转折关系，应使用表示转折的连词but。故填but。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：环太平洋火山带是科学家用来描述频繁发生火山爆发和地震区域的名称。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an area，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 【13题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：环太平洋火山带是一个呈弧形的地区，它沿着北美洲和南美洲的海岸线分布，延续至亚洲的东缘，穿过阿拉斯加的阿留申群岛，并沿着新西兰的海岸线延伸。描述客观事实，句子应用一般现在时。空前that引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词region，在从句中作主语，从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致，region为单数名词，故空处应用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 At the moment, AI tools provide results that are not always correct or appropriate. That’s ____14____ companies are looking for people to help train AI programs. These people are called prompt engineers, who ____15____ (pay) six-figure salaries. Anna Bernstein, a prompt engineer, writes prompts and feeds them ____16____ AI tools. This helps the AI generate text with accurate information. She thinks prompt engineering is now one of the hottest tech jobs and she loves her job. 【答案】14. why 15. are paid 16. into 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI工具目前无法总是提供正确或合适的结果，因此公司正在寻找人员帮助训练AI程序。 【14题详解】 考查连词。句意：这就是为什么公司正在寻找人来帮助训练AI程序。根据前文“AI tools provide results that are not always correct or appropriate.”可知，前文是后文公司寻找人员进行培训的原因，故应用表示原因的连接词why。故填why。 【15题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些人被称为提示工程师，他们获得六位数的薪水。描述现在的一般情况，句子应用一般现在时，空前who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词prompt engineers，先行词在从句中作主语，空处谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致，动词pay与其逻辑主语构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，先行词为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are paid。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：Anna Bernstein，一位提示工程师，编写提示并将其输入到AI工具中。feed sth. into为固定搭配，意为“将某物输入、提供给”。故填into。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When Lauren Schroeder, a high school student, ____17____ (show) up to a community food drive last year, she saw what people there got — just a lot of ____18____ (can) goods. She decided to become the change she wanted to see. Schroeder grew 7,000 pounds of produce and gave it all away to food banks. Her work drew the attention of Future Farmers of America, which gave her some money for ____19____ (supply) and seeds. Her goal is ____20____ (donate) 20,000 pounds of vegetables by the time she graduates. 【答案】17. showed 18. canned 19. supplies 20. to donate 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了高中生劳伦·施罗德种植了7000磅农产品，并全部捐给了食品银行。她的工作引起了美国未来农民组织的注意，该组织给了她一些钱来购买物资和种子。她的目标是在毕业前捐出2万磅蔬菜。 【17题详解】 考查时态。句意：去年，高中生劳伦·施罗德参加了一个社区食品募捐活动，她看到那里的人们有很多罐头食品。根据后文saw可知为一般过去时。故填showed。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：去年，高中生劳伦·施罗德参加了一个社区食品募捐活动，她看到那里的人们有很多罐头食品。修饰名词goods应用形容词canned，表示“罐头的”。故填canned。 【19题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：她的工作引起了美国未来农民组织的注意，该组织给了她一些钱来购买物资和种子。根据后文and seeds可知应用复数，作介词的宾语。故填supplies。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的目标是在毕业前捐出2万磅蔬菜。说明主语的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填to donate。 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Spot Over 1,000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions. In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches. Lightning Swarm Inspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot. “We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “Once a survivor is found, they’ll pass the information out to the operators.” Trail Blazers At the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot. For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safely outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance — Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000℃ for over 30 mins. Rooster Thanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases. Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers don’t need to enter dangerous areas. Rooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link. 21. Which robots can work in the air? A. Spot and Trail Blazers. B. Spot and Lightning Swarm. C. Rooster and Trail Blazers. D. Rooster and Lightning Swarm. 22 What do these robots have in common? A. They can send radio signals. B. They are fitted with cameras. C. They can help conduct rescues. D. They are modelled after animals. 23. This passage is probably from ______. A. a science magazine B. a test report C. an operating handbook D. a modern fiction 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种不同功能和特点的机器人。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lightning Swarm部分中第二段“We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors(我们设想将数百个或更多这样的微型飞行机器人送到灾难现场，让它们集体搜寻幸存者)”和Rooster部分中第一段“Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases.(Rooster可以在地面上滚动，也可以在几乎任何类型的灾难现场飞来飞去，通过狭窄的通道和窗户，或者越过障碍物，上下楼梯)”可知，Rooster和Lightning Swarm可以在空中飞行和工作。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Spot部分中第一段“And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions.(现在，纽约市消防局开始使用这种类似狗的设备进行搜救任务)”、Lightning Swarm部分中第二段“We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,(我们设想将数百个或更多这样的微型飞行机器人送到灾难现场，让它们集体搜寻幸存者)”、Trail Blazers部分中第一段“At the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot.(在中国东北烟台的八角消防救援站。一名消防员在测试消防机器人)”和Rooster部分中第一段“Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases.(Rooster可以在地面上滚动，也可以在几乎任何类型的灾难现场飞来飞去，通过狭窄的通道和窗户，或者越过障碍物，上下楼梯)”可知，这些机器人都可以帮助进行救援。故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四种不同功能和特点的机器人，与科技相关，所以很可能选至一本科学杂志。故选A项。 B Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feeling tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else — but what? A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out. There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail. “While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist. Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.” Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.” 24. At the age of 57, Brown ______. A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest C. reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening 25. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown? A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world. C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it. 26. What is Brown working on? A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases. C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain. 27. When Brown is with trees, he feels that ______. A time is endless B. human life is temporary C. nature is dynamic D. life-long learning is crucial 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了57岁的马克·布朗唤醒了儿时的兴趣，成为了一名树木肖像画家。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.(“那个喜欢画画的孩子多年来一直对我耳语，”他说。他心中某种未被承认的渴望被激发出来了)”可知，57岁时，布朗唤醒了儿时的兴趣。故选B。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.(他说，他的成品橡木拥有“真正的力量”。“当你走向它的时候，它就会越来越大。”布朗成为了一名树木肖像画家)”可知，橡树让布朗开始了新的职业生涯。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.”(“这些美丽的老白蜡树对我们来说将会失去，”他说。“它们已经350岁了，由于我们传播的疾病，它们正在死去。”)”可知，布朗呼吁保护树木。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.(当我和他们在一起，当我画他们的时候，我想到了我生命的终结，以及人类生命的短暂本质，在他们下面转瞬即逝)”可知，当布朗和树在一起时，他觉得人的生命是短暂的。故选B。 C Neuroscientists usually investigate one brain at a time. They observe how neurons(神经元)fire as a person reads certain words, for example, or plays a video game. As social animals, however, those same scientists do much of their work together — brainstorming hypotheses, puzzling over problems and fine-tuning experimental designs. Increasingly, researchers are bringing that reality into how they study brains. Collective neuroscience, as some practitioners call it, is a rapidly growing field of research. An early, consistent finding is that when people converse or share an experience, their brain waves synchronize. Neurons in corresponding locations of the different brains fire at the same time, creating matching patterns, like dancers moving together. The experience of “being on the same wavelength” as another person is real, and it is visible in the activity of the brain. Such work is beginning to reveal new levels of richness and complexity in sociability. In classrooms where students are engaged with the teacher, for example, their patterns of brain processing begin to synchronize with that teacher’s — and greater synchrony may mean better learning. Couples exhibit higher degrees of brain synchrony than non-romantic pairs, as do close friends compared with more distant acquaintances. But much about the phenomenon remains mysterious — even scientists occasionally use the word “magic” when talking about it. One straightforward explanation could be that synchrony between brains is a result of shared experience or simply a sign that we are hearing or seeing the same thing as someone else. But the newest research suggests that synchrony is more than that — or can be. Researchers are discovering synchrony in humans and other species, and they are mapping its choreography — its rhythm, timing and undulations(波动) — to better understand what benefits it may give us. Given that synchronized experiences are often enjoyable, researchers suspect this phenomenon is beneficial: it helps us interact and may have facilitated the evolution of sociality. This new kind of brain research might also cast light on why we don’t always “click” with someone or why social isolation(孤立) is so harmful to physical and mental health. With synchrony and other levels of neural interaction, humans teach and learn, forge friendships and romances, and cooperate and converse. We are driven to connect, and synchrony is one way our brains help us do it. 28. According to the passage, collective neuroscience ______. A. collects and refines research on neurons B. analyses activities of one brain at a time C. promotes connections among neuroscientists D. focuses on studying brains in interactive groups 29. What can we infer about brain synchrony from Paragraph 4? A. It can benefit other species. B. Its mechanism has changed. C. It demands further investigations. D. Findings about it are contradictory. 30. Which of the following may result from brain synchrony? A. Increasing popularity among peers. B. Better cooperation among teammates. C. Improved techniques for conversations. D. More shared experiences between a couple. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新兴的研究领域——集体神经科学，该领域研究当人们交流或分享经验时大脑波的同步现象。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子“As social animals, however, those same scientists do much of their work together — brainstorming hypotheses, puzzling over problems and fine-tuning experimental designs. Increasingly, researchers are bringing that reality into how they study brains.(然而，作为社会动物，这些科学家同样会一起做很多工作——头脑风暴、解决问题和微调实验设计。越来越多的研究人员将这种现实带入他们研究大脑的方式中)”和第二段“Collective neuroscience, as some practitioners call it, is a rapidly growing field of research.(一些从业者称之为集体神经科学，是一个迅速发展的研究领域)”可知，集体神经科学专注于在互动小组中研究大脑。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的句子“But much about the phenomenon remains mysterious — even scientists occasionally use the word “magic” when talking about it.(但关于这一现象的很多方面仍然是个谜——甚至科学家在谈论它时偶尔也会用“神奇”这个词)”可知，科学家们对大脑同步现象的了解还不够深入，需要进一步的研究。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“With synchrony and other levels of neural interaction, humans teach and learn, forge friendships and romances, and cooperate and converse.(通过同步和其他级别的神经交互，人类教导和学习、建立友谊和浪漫关系、合作和交谈)”可知，大脑同步现象可能会促进团队成员之间的合作。故选B。 D You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI. As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does. Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony. Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the case of AI music, an emotion shared with who? AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means. No matter how it’s created, music doesn’t exist in a vacuum (真空) to the listener. The meaning we assign to music depends on its context — how the piece connects to other elements in our lives. Without context, music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost. The context for a music is part of who you are. The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it. As it continues to evolve, AI music will develop its own context. Certainly, it’ll be different from human-made music. It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones; it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining. Its rules will be different. I’m now always asked the same question: “Who put the emotion in that music: you, the composer, or the AI?” But that’s not the question they really want to ask, though. There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now: “Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?” In my experience, this could be possible one day. If a modestly capable music AI in 2019 could stir up emotions of an audience, maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit. 31. The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to ______. A. their doubts about AI’s capabilities B. their uneasiness about AI’s influence C. the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI music D. the likeness between AI music and the original work 32. What might the author agree with? A. AI poses little impact on people’s emotions. B. Music bears no intended emotional meaning. C. AI music will outperform human-made music. D. The context reflects people’s interpretation of music. 33. What does the word “maneuvered” underlined in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A. Refreshed. B. Challenged. C. Revealed. D. Directed. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Are Composers To Be Replaced? B. Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend? C. Could AI Make Music That Moves You? D. Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful? 【答案】31 B 32. B 33. D 34. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does.(当管弦乐队演奏完舒伯特的原创作品，开始演奏人工智能和我共同创作的音乐时，我能感觉到观众的情绪从惊讶转变为愤怒和恐惧。他们似乎担心人工智能可能会创作出充满情感的交响乐。你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”可知，观众之所以对交响曲反应强烈，主要是因为对人工智能的影响感到不安。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means.(到目前为止，人工智能还没有情感。那么，没有情感作曲家的音乐有什么意义呢?令人不满意的答案是，音乐没有客观意义。作曲家可以决定一段音乐的声音，但听众可以决定它的意义。)”可知，作者可能会同意音乐没有预期的情感含义。故选B。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does.(你可以看到他们的观点：一个制作情感音乐的人工智能可以以一种微小但深刻的方式影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，就像一个人类音乐家一样。)”以及划线词上文“Are my emotions so simple that they can be”和后文“by a machine”可知，人工智能制作的音乐可以影响数千甚至数百万人的情感生活，所以大多数人不敢问的问题是：我的情绪是否简单到可以被机器操纵？故划线词意思是“操纵”，与D选项Directed“指示，指导”意思最接近。故选D。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony.(不管是正面还是负面，人们对AI的交响乐首演反应非常强烈。尽管大多数人不相信人工智能可以创造出令人愉快的东西，但他们（至少在一定程度上）确实喜欢《未完成的交响曲》)”结合文章主要讨论了人工智能是否能创作出富含情感的音乐的问题，论述了作者对于音乐中情感的看法。可知，C选项“人工智能能做出打动你的音乐吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, Galileo, Marie Curie, Einstein ... What did these great thinkers have in common? They all practiced deliberate doubt and used it as a tool to improve their thinking and generate creative ideas. ____35____ It is about suspending our certainty and letting go of our preconceived (先入为主的) notions in order to explore new ideas and perspectives. When we’re certain of something, we tend to stop looking for alternative explanations or possibilities. ____36____ Doubt can, of course, be unsettling, but it can also result in a greater understanding of a subject and inspire fresh thoughts and insights. ____37____ But it doesn’t mean we should use it all the time. While deliberate doubt can be a valuable tool for generating creative ideas and exploring complex problems, it can also be counterproductive if it is not practiced in the right way. It’s important to keep in mind that deliberate doubt is not constant doubt. If we’re continuously doubting our own ideas, we’ll be less likely to pursue them and see them through to completion. ____38____ We spend so much time doubting everything and end up not doing anything. ____39____ We can become self-critical and unsure of our abilities, which can undermine our self-esteem. As a result, we may be too afraid to try new things or take risks. To avoid these traps, it’s important to strike a balance between doubt and certainty, and to use doubt as a tool to stimulate creative thinking and exploration, rather than as a means of undermining ourselves or others. A. Deliberate doubt can also lead to a lack of confidence. B. But when we doubt, we’re forced to consider other perspectives. C. In this case, deliberate doubt can prevent us from making decisions. D. When practiced all the time, deliberate doubt can lead to a different belief. E. By turning doubt into a deliberate process, we open ourselves to new possibilities. F. Deliberate doubt is the practice of actively questioning our beliefs and assumptions. G. Deliberate doubt can help us to develop a more open-minded approach to the world. 【答案】35. F 36. B 37. G 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了刻意怀疑的积极作用和消极作用。 【35题详解】 根据下文“It is about suspending our certainty and letting go of our preconceived (先入为主的) notions in order to explore new ideas and perspectives.”（它是关于暂停我们的确定性，放弃我们先入为主的观念，以探索新的想法和观点。）可知，下文是对上文“刻意怀疑”定义的具体解释。故F选项“刻意怀疑是积极质疑我们的信念和假设的行为。”切题。故选F项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“When we’re certain of something, we tend to stop looking for alternative explanations or possibilities.”（当我们确定某事时，我们倾向于停止寻找其他解释或可能性）可知，选项与上文为转折关系且说明怀疑时的做法。故B选项“但当我们怀疑时，我们被迫考虑其他观点。”切题。故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“While deliberate doubt can be a valuable tool for generating creative ideas and exploring complex problems, it can also be counterproductive if it is not practiced in the right way.”（虽然刻意怀疑可以成为产生创造性想法和探索复杂问题的宝贵工具，但如果不以正确的方式进行怀疑，也可能适得其反。）可知，选项承接下文说明的是刻意怀疑的作用。故G选项“刻意怀疑可以帮助我们以更开放的态度看待世界。”切题。故选G项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“If we’re continuously doubting our own ideas, we’ll be less likely to pursue them and see them through to completion.”（如果我们一直怀疑自己的想法，我们就不太可能去追求它们，把它们完成。）可知，选项承接上文都在说明刻意怀疑的阻碍作用。故C选项“在这种情况下，刻意怀疑可以阻止我们做出决定。”切题。故选C项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“We can become self-critical and unsure of our abilities, which can undermine our self-esteem. As a result, we may be too afraid to try new things or take risks.”（我们会变得自我批评，不确定自己的能力，这会损害我们的自尊。因此，我们可能太害怕尝试新事物或承担风险。）可知，本段在说刻意怀疑对自信产生不良的影响。故A选项“刻意的怀疑也会导致缺乏自信。”切题。故选A项。 第一节 （共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When I think about running a timed mile in elementary school PE class, I can still feel the full-body sensation of stress. The mile run was part of the National Physical Fitness Test, a bi annual assessment given to elementary through high school students, which included five events: the mile run, sit-ups, pull-ups or push-ups, a sit-and-reach and a shuttle run. Twice a year, the top 15 percent of participants nationwide were honored with a Physical Fitness Award. At my school, the winners’names were painted on one of the gym’s walls. For years I stared admiringly at those names, wondering if I would ever make the cut. But no matter how hard I tried, I could never pull my chin above the bar. I believe deeply in the value of physical activity for both the mind and the body. However, it wasn’t until I was in my 30s and had run a half-dozen half-marathons, at a comfortable pace, that I even began to believe I was a sportswoman. I’ve heard similar stories from many people. My friend Natalia, a group fitness instructor, said that for years she saw herself as lacking athleticism thanks to her experience in PE class. It was only when she took a fitness class that she began to see herself as physically capable. Their experiences, and my own, made me believe even if PE class and fitness assessment fail to make you develop a positive relationship with sports, there is definitely a positive opportunity to make it a source of joy in your life. It’s taken years to meet myself where I am. When I run a mile these days, I feel so good by the end that I want to run another. I still can’t do a traditional pull-up, but a trainer at my gym recently introduced me to assisted pull-ups with resistance bands; I delight in finally feeling up to the task. Fitness shouldn’t be for the few. We all benefit from sports, whether we earn our names on the wall or not. 40. What is the National Physical Fitness Test? ______________________________________________________________________________ 41. What was in her mind when the author stared at the names on the wall? ______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. ______________________________________________________________________________ 43. What do you think of the idea “fitness shouldn’t be for the few” in the last paragraph? （In about 40 words） ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is a biennial assessment given to elementary through high school students. 41. She was wondering if she would ever make the cut. 42. According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. According to the passage, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment but there is definitely a positive opportunity for them to make sports a source of joy in their life. 43. I agree with the idea that "fitness shouldn't be for the few," as it promotes inclusivity and encourages everyone to participate in physical activities. It emphasizes the importance of sports for all individuals, regardless of their athletic abilities. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了体育课和体能评估对个人自我认知的影响，以及体育运动对身心健康的价值。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“The mile run was part of the National Physical Fitness Test, a bi annual assessment given to elementary through high school students(一英里跑是全国体能测试的一部分，这是一项每两年对从小学至高中学生进行的评估)”可知，全国体能测试是一项两年一次的评估，对象是小学到高中的学生。故答案为：It is a biennial assessment given to elementary through high school students。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“For years I stared admiringly at those names, wondering if I would ever make the cut.(多年来，我一直羡慕地凝视着那些名字，想知道自己是否有一天也能成为其中的一员)”可知，作者盯着墙上的名字，想知道自己是否能达到要求。故答案为：She was wondering if she would ever make the cut。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Their experiences, and my own, made me believe even if PE class and fitness assessment fail to make you develop a positive relationship with sports, there is definitely a positive opportunity to make it a source of joy in your life.( 他们的经历和我自己的经历让我相信，即使体育课和体能评估未能让你与运动建立起积极的关系，肯定也有一个积极的机会，让运动成为你生命中的快乐源泉)”可知，作者认为，即使体育课和体能测试不能让你与运动建立起积极的关系，也一定有积极的机会让它成为你生活中的乐趣来源。所以陈述中“and then they will find it difficult(然后他们将发现……困难)”表述错误，应修改为“but there is definitely a positive opportunity for them(但是肯定也有一个积极的机会使他们……)”，故答案为：According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. According to the passage, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment but there is definitely a positive opportunity for them to make sports a source of joy in their life 【43题详解】 开放性试题。言之有理，注意词数限制。如根据最后一段中的“We all benefit from sports, whether we earn our names on the wall or not.”可知，我们都能从运动中受益，不管我们的名字是否出现在墙上。由此可知，健身是每个人都应该享有的权利，而不是少数人的特权。故答案为：I agree with the idea that “fitness shouldn't be for the few,” as it promotes inclusivity and encourages everyone to participate in physical activities. It emphasizes the importance of sports for all individuals, regardless of their athletic abilities. 第二节 （20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的好友Jim是北京一所国际学校的篮球队队长，你校计划组织一场校际篮球比赛，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.发出比赛邀请； 2.提议比赛安排。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I hope this email finds you well. As the captain of your basketball team, I’m writing to invite your team to participate in an inter-school basketball match organized by our school, Red Star High. The match is scheduled to take place on the weekend of the coming month, with the specific date and venue to confirm soon. It would be a fantastic opportunity for both teams to showcase their skills and foster friendship through sports. I’m confident that your team’s participation would add to the excitement and competitiveness of the event. Looking forward to your positive response and hope to see you on the court soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Jim写信，邀请他参加学校组织的一场校际篮球比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 极好的：fantastic→excellent 机会：opportunity→chance 培养：foster→develop 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As the captain of your basketball team, I’m writing to invite your team to participate in an inter-school basketball match organized by our school, Red Star High. 拓展句：As the captain of your basketball team, I’m writing to invite your team to participate in an inter-school basketball match which is organized by our school, Red Star High. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The match is scheduled to take place on the weekend of the coming month, with the specific date and venue to confirm soon. (运用了with的复合结构作状语) 【高分句型2】I’m confident that your team’s participation would add to the excitement and competitiveness of the event. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市东城区2023—2024学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二） 英语 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying ___1___ when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to ___2___ her hold on the boat. While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasn’t going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the ___3___ and swam toward his sister. Realizing the danger, Steven ___4___ jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia. “I told them both I loved them because I wasn’t sure what was going to happen,” Steven recalled. “I tried to ___5___ Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away (漂走) from me.” Alex followed his dad’s ___6___ and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained. This little boy spent an hour ___7___ his way back to land. He swam more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for ___8___. From there, Jacksonville authorities ___9___ and rescued Steven and his daughter. Alex, the brave and _____10_____ little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a different story. 1. A. hit B. turn C. pause D. risk 2. A. release B. find C. escape D. regain 3. A. fish B. jacket C. boat D. current 4. A. unusually B. suddenly C. instantly D. unexpectedly 5. A. relate to B. wait for C. count on D. stick with 6. A. explanation B. footsteps C. example D. instructions 7. A. clearing B. fighting C. picking D. changing 8. A. security B. understanding C. permission D. help 9. A. cut in B. looked out C. took over D. came around 10. A. tough B. humble C. hard-working D. confident 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Have you ever heard of the Ring of Fire? It might sound like something straight out of science fiction, ____11____ it is a real place. The Ring of Fire is the name used by scientists to describe an area ____12____ frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes take place. In fact, most of the world’s volcanoes are located there. The Ring of Fire is an arc-shaped region that ____13____ (run) along the coast of North and South America, along the eastern edge of Asia, across Alaska’s Aleutian Islands, and along the coast of New Zealand. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 At the moment, AI tools provide results that are not always correct or appropriate. That’s ____14____ companies are looking for people to help train AI programs. These people are called prompt engineers, who ____15____ (pay) six-figure salaries. Anna Bernstein, a prompt engineer, writes prompts and feeds them ____16____ AI tools. This helps the AI generate text with accurate information. She thinks prompt engineering is now one of the hottest tech jobs and she loves her job. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When Lauren Schroeder, a high school student, ____17____ (show) up to a community food drive last year, she saw what people there got — just a lot of ____18____ (can) goods. She decided to become the change she wanted to see. Schroeder grew 7,000 pounds of produce and gave it all away to food banks. Her work drew the attention of Future Farmers of America, which gave her some money for ____19____ (supply) and seeds. Her goal is ____20____ (donate) 20,000 pounds of vegetables by the time she graduates. 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Spot Over 1,000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions. In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches. Lightning Swarm Inspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot. “We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “Once a survivor is found, they’ll pass the information out to the operators.” Trail Blazers At the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot. For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safely outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance — Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000℃ for over 30 mins. Rooster Thanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases. Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers don’t need to enter dangerous areas. Rooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link. 21. Which robots can work in the air? A. Spot and Trail Blazers. B. Spot and Lightning Swarm. C. Rooster and Trail Blazers. D. Rooster and Lightning Swarm. 22. What do these robots have in common? A. They can send radio signals. B. They are fitted with cameras. C. They can help conduct rescues. D. They are modelled after animals. 23. This passage is probably from ______. A. a science magazine B. a test report C. an operating handbook D. a modern fiction B Mark Brown, 57, had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feeling tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else — but what? A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to love drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out. There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant — a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail. “While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finished oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist. Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started work on a 20-drawing series of Britain’s most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that we’ve spread.” Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “I’m an old man yet I’m only 71, and some of the trees I’ve drawn are 1,000 years old. When I’m with them and when I draw them, I think about the end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.” 24. At the age of 57, Brown ______. A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interest C. reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening 25. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown? A. It helped him start a new career. B. It linked him with the world. C. He built a tree house in it. D. He studied creatures in it. 26. What is Brown working on? A. Setting up tree organizations. B. Looking for cures for tree diseases. C. Drawing to call for protection for trees. D. Travelling to select important trees in Britain. 27. When Brown is with trees, he feels that ______. A. time is endless B. human life is temporary C nature is dynamic D. life-long learning is crucial C Neuroscientists usually investigate one brain at a time. They observe how neurons(神经元)fire as a person reads certain words, for example, or plays a video game. As social animals, however, those same scientists do much of their work together — brainstorming hypotheses, puzzling over problems and fine-tuning experimental designs. Increasingly, researchers are bringing that reality into how they study brains. Collective neuroscience, as some practitioners call it, is a rapidly growing field of research. An early, consistent finding is that when people converse or share an experience, their brain waves synchronize. Neurons in corresponding locations of the different brains fire at the same time, creating matching patterns, like dancers moving together. The experience of “being on the same wavelength” as another person is real, and it is visible in the activity of the brain. Such work is beginning to reveal new levels of richness and complexity in sociability. In classrooms where students are engaged with the teacher for example, their patterns of brain processing begin to synchronize with that teacher’s — and greater synchrony may mean better learning. Couples exhibit higher degrees of brain synchrony than non-romantic pairs, as do close friends compared with more distant acquaintances. But much about the phenomenon remains mysterious — even scientists occasionally use the word “magic” when talking about it. One straightforward explanation could be that synchrony between brains is a result of shared experience or simply a sign that we are hearing or seeing the same thing as someone else. But the newest research suggests that synchrony is more than that — or can be. Researchers are discovering synchrony in humans and other species, and they are mapping its choreography — its rhythm, timing and undulations(波动) — to better understand what benefits it may give us. Given that synchronized experiences are often enjoyable, researchers suspect this phenomenon is beneficial: it helps us interact and may have facilitated the evolution of sociality. This new kind of brain research might also cast light on why we don’t always “click” with someone or why social isolation(孤立) is so harmful to physical and mental health. With synchrony and other levels of neural interaction, humans teach and learn, forge friendships and romances, and cooperate and converse. We are driven to connect, and synchrony is one way our brains help us do it. 28. According to the passage, collective neuroscience ______. A. collects and refines research on neurons B. analyses activities of one brain at a time C. promotes connections among neuroscientists D. focuses on studying brains in interactive groups 29. What can we infer about brain synchrony from Paragraph 4? A. It can benefit other species. B. Its mechanism has changed. C It demands further investigations. D. Findings about it are contradictory. 30. Which of the following may result from brain synchrony? A. Increasing popularity among peers. B. Better cooperation among teammates. C. Improved techniques for conversations. D. More shared experiences between a couple. D You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI. As the orchestra (管弦乐团) finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does. Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut (首秀). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony. Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the case of AI music, an emotion shared with who? AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but it’s the listener that decides what it means. No matter how it’s created, music doesn’t exist in a vacuum (真空) to the listener. The meaning we assign to music depends on its context — how the piece connects to other elements in our lives. Without context, music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost. The context for a music is part of who you are. The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it. As it continues to evolve, AI music will develop its own context. Certainly, it’ll be different from human-made music. It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones; it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining. Its rules will be different. I’m now always asked the same question: “Who put the emotion in that music: you, the composer, or the AI?” But that’s not the question they really want to ask, though. There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now: “Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?” In my experience, this could be possible one day. If a modestly capable music AI in 2019 could stir up emotions of an audience, maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit. 31. The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to ______. A. their doubts about AI’s capabilities B. their uneasiness about AI’s influence C. the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI music D. the likeness between AI music and the original work 32. What might the author agree with? A AI poses little impact on people’s emotions. B. Music bears no intended emotional meaning. C. AI music will outperform human-made music. D. The context reflects people’s interpretation of music. 33. What does the word “maneuvered” underlined in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A. Refreshed. B. Challenged. C. Revealed. D. Directed. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Are Composers To Be Replaced? B. Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend? C. Could AI Make Music That Moves You? D. Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful? 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Socrates, Galileo, Marie Curie, Einstein ... What did these great thinkers have in common? They all practiced deliberate doubt and used it as a tool to improve their thinking and generate creative ideas. ____35____ It is about suspending our certainty and letting go of our preconceived (先入为主的) notions in order to explore new ideas and perspectives. When we’re certain of something, we tend to stop looking for alternative explanations or possibilities. ____36____ Doubt can, of course, be unsettling, but it can also result in a greater understanding of a subject and inspire fresh thoughts and insights. ____37____ But it doesn’t mean we should use it all the time. While deliberate doubt can be a valuable tool for generating creative ideas and exploring complex problems, it can also be counterproductive if it is not practiced in the right way. It’s important to keep in mind that deliberate doubt is not constant doubt. If we’re continuously doubting our own ideas, we’ll be less likely to pursue them and see them through to completion. ____38____ We spend so much time doubting everything and end up not doing anything. ____39____ We can become self-critical and unsure of our abilities, which can undermine our self-esteem. As a result, we may be too afraid to try new things or take risks. To avoid these traps, it’s important to strike a balance between doubt and certainty, and to use doubt as a tool to stimulate creative thinking and exploration, rather than as a means of undermining ourselves or others. A. Deliberate doubt can also lead to a lack of confidence. B. But when we doubt, we’re forced to consider other perspectives. C. In this case, deliberate doubt can prevent us from making decisions. D. When practiced all the time, deliberate doubt can lead to a different belief. E. By turning doubt into a deliberate process, we open ourselves to new possibilities. F. Deliberate doubt is the practice of actively questioning our beliefs and assumptions. G. Deliberate doubt can help us to develop a more open-minded approach to the world. 第一节 （共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When I think about running a timed mile in elementary school PE class, I can still feel the full-body sensation of stress. The mile run was part of the National Physical Fitness Test, a bi annual assessment given to elementary through high school students, which included five events: the mile run, sit-ups, pull-ups or push-ups, a sit-and-reach and a shuttle run. Twice a year, the top 15 percent of participants nationwide were honored with a Physical Fitness Award. At my school, the winners’names were painted on one of the gym’s walls. For years I stared admiringly at those names, wondering if I would ever make the cut. But no matter how hard I tried, I could never pull my chin above the bar. I believe deeply in the value of physical activity for both the mind and the body. However, it wasn’t until I was in my 30s and had run a half-dozen half-marathons, at a comfortable pace, that I even began to believe I was a sportswoman. I’ve heard similar stories from many people. My friend Natalia, a group fitness instructor, said that for years she saw herself as lacking athleticism thanks to her experience in PE class. It was only when she took a fitness class that she began to see herself as physically capable. Their experiences, and my own, made me believe even if PE class and fitness assessment fail to make you develop a positive relationship with sports, there is definitely a positive opportunity to make it a source of joy in your life. It’s taken years to meet myself where I am. When I run a mile these days, I feel so good by the end that I want to run another. I still can’t do a traditional pull-up, but a trainer at my gym recently introduced me to assisted pull-ups with resistance bands; I delight in finally feeling up to the task. Fitness shouldn’t be for the few. We all benefit from sports, whether we earn our names on the wall or not. 40. What is the National Physical Fitness Test? ______________________________________________________________________________ 41. What was in her mind when the author stared at the names on the wall? ______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. ______________________________________________________________________________ 43. What do you think of the idea “fitness shouldn’t be for the few” in the last paragraph? （In about 40 words） ______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的好友Jim是北京一所国际学校的篮球队队长，你校计划组织一场校际篮球比赛，请你用英文给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1发出比赛邀请； 2.提议比赛安排。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$