精品解析：2024届山东省菏泽市高三下学期二模英语试题

保密★启用前 2024年高三二模考试 英语试题 2024.5 注意事项： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、考生号等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Oxford’s world-class museums house rare treasures from the natural world as well as amazing art and handicrafts. The museums are also a valuable study resource for students and academics. Ashmolean Museum Where: Beaumont Street, OX12PH When: 10:00-17:00 The Ashmolean Museum is home to the university’s collection of art and archaeology. Founded in 1683, it was the first public museum in the UK and is one of the oldest in the world. Particularly relevant to: Ancient and Modern History. www.ashmolean.org History of Science Museum Where: Broad Street,OX13AZ When: 12:00-17:00 This museum houses an unequaled collection of historic scientific instruments, including Einstein’s blackboard and the first cultures of the lifesaving antibiotic Penicillin. Particularly relevant to all science and history courses. www.hsm.ox.ac.uk Oxford University Museum of Natural History Where: Parks Road, OX13PW When: 10:00-17:00 The museum houses an impressive range of scientific collections of zoological and geologicalsamples in a spectacular Victorian building Particularly relevant to: Biology; Earth Sciences. www.oum.ox.ac.uk Pitt Rivers Museum Where: Parks Road, OX13PW When: 10:00-14:00 The Pitt Rivers Museum is home to a remarkable collection of man-made objects from all partsof the world, famous for its celebrated displays and its leading role in contemporary research. Particularly relevant to: Archaeology and Anthropology; History of Art. www.prm.ox.ac.uk 1. If you want to know more about Penicillin, which website should you surf? A. www.hsm.ox.ac.uk. B. www.oum.ox.ac.uk. C. www.ashmolean.org. D. www.prm.ox.ac.uk 2. What is Pitt Rivers Museum especially related to? A. Art and archaeology B. Undergraduates studying. C. Historic scientific instruments. D. Collections of man-made objects. 3. The purpose of the text is to get people to ______. A. study history B. preserve heritage C. visit museums D. appreciate handicrafts B Science is always seen as hard-core and hard to understand. But could you imagine hundreds of people being attracted by the cover of a science magazine? The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure, a US-based Cell Press journal. The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated―the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team. Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image, describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa, carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky. While studying chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract. As he had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art. He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers. It didn’t take long before his classmates and professors noticed his talents and asked him to help them with their papers. By word of mouth, more people beat a path to Wang’s door and were willing to pay for his service. Over the past four years, Wang and his team have come up with more than 10,000 visual works for academic papers across a variety of fields, many of which have made their way to the world’s top academic journals, including Nature, Science and Cell. “Every scientific paper is innovative, and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers,” Wang says, adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods, to showcase experimental results, visually process data or compare differences among experiments. 4. What play a special role in Wang’s works? A. Fairytales. B. Chinese elements. C. Rich colors. D. Complex structures. 5. What can we learn about Wang Yixi from paragraph 3? A. He preferred painting to Chemistry. B. He developed useful mapping software. C. He had an active mind to solve problem. D. He had trouble conducting his experiment. 6. How does Wang make abstract papers easily understood? A. By visualizing them vividly. B. By showing them accurately. C. By explaining them in detail. D. By constructing them uniquely 7. Which is the best title for the text? A. The power of art B. Dilemmas of science C Mysteries of Chemistry D. Inspiration from science C Several times a month, you can find Doctor Daniel Nadeau in the Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. He notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉) and cheese boxes in am other’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to wholegrain macaroni and real cheese. Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes (糖尿病) rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” This mother agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nevertheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. By prescribing (开处方) nutritional changes or launching programs such as “Shop with your Doc” they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. They believe teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. 8. Why does Doctor Nadeau advise buying wholegrain macaroni and real cheese? A They’re easy to make. B. They’re plant-based. C. They’re delicious to eat. D. They’re processed food. 9. What does the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Try out. B. Pick up. C. Take in. D. Turn around. 10. What is the author’s attitude toward the power of food? A. Neutral. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Positive. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. A good cure for diabetes. B. A new attempt on cooking. C. A food-as-medicine program. D. A simple tip on doing shopping. D Top-down processing is the process of using context or general knowledge to understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychologist Richard Gregory introduced the concept. He claimed that perception is constructive. The processing plays an important role in our interactions with our environment. Our five senses are constantly taking in information. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we touch them. If we paid attention to each one of our senses all the time, we’d never do anything else. It enables us to simplify the process by relying on context and our pre-existing knowledge to understand what we notice. If our brains didn’t employ top-down processing our senses would overwhelm us. Top-down processing helps us understand what our senses are perceiving in our daily lives. For example, suppose you receive an important letter but a few drops of water have ruined part of the text. A few letters in different words are now just smudges (污迹). Yet, you’re still able to read the letter in its entirety using top-down processing. You use the context of the words and sentences in which the smudges appear and your knowledge of reading to comprehend the meaning of the letter’s message. See a word LO*E, with one letter knocked down, yet you are still able to quickly recognize the word as LOVE. On the one hand, top-down processing serves a positive function by simplifying the way we comprehend our sensory perceptions. It enables us to shortcut the cognitive path between our perceptions and their meaning. On the other hand, patterns can also prevent us from perceiving things in unique ways. So we may understand the pattern of how to use a mobile phone, but if the manufacturer comes out with a new phone that employs completely unique interaction patterns, we may not be able to figure out how to use it. Besides, as our knowledge is limited and biased (片面的) in certain ways, it can lead to perceptual errors. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2? A. To explain main reasons. B. To give practical examples. C. To draw specific conclusions. D. To analyse theoretical frameworks. 13. What maybe the key to understanding a text with missing letters? A. Pre-existing knowledge. B. Active interactions. C. Five physical senses. D. Lessons from mistakes 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Seeing is believing. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Every coin has two sides. D. Experience is the best teacher. 15. What does the author intend to do according to the text? A. Introduce a reading method. B. Deepen underlying meanings. C. Illustrate a cognitive strategy. D. Clarify a producing process. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Fall Back in Love with Reading Do you remember the last time you spent time reading books for pleasure? In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature. ____16____The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again. ____17____ Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library. Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks. ____18____ Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book. ____19____This is a great way to engage with what you’re reading on a deeper level and a fun way to document your reading journey. Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable. ____20____ A. Find a book that interests you. B. Create a positive reading routine. C. But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past! D. By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle. E. Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next! F. The others in your book club may come from different backgrounds. G. It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once I’d reached retirement age I spent a lot of time travelling to distant countries, and after seeing a documentary on Mount Kilimanjaro, I thought perhaps I should give it a ____21____. When I made ____22____ with my favorite travel company, I was told their age limit for the ____23____ was 80, and as I was 79 at the time I realized it was a question of now or never! I ____24____ up and the date I was given meant that if I could make it to the summit (顶峰), I’d arrive on the day before my 80th ____25____ When I arrived in Tanzania, Africa, I ____26____ a group of seven ladies and eight gentlemen, all of whom I could see were half my age. I could also tell from the ___27___ that the man in charge would have been ____28____ without me, and he gave me strict ____29____ to always walk immediately behind the leader. I noticed too that he’d asked two of the group to keep an eye on me, as they were ____30____ checking to see if I was OK. For the first three days we had excellent weather, and hour after hour we trudged (跋涉) inline, with occasional ____31____ for toilet and snacks. However, halfway through day four, the boss suddenly shouted my name from the end of the line, and when I ___32___ in response he yelled, “Norman, you are summit material!” From then on, no one ____33____ on me, and on day five we all reached the summit and then ____34____ to the peak. In spite of the fact that my birthday was a day away, everyone stood together and sang Happy Birthday To You. You could say we’d become a ____35____. 21. A. run B. reach C. walk D. go 22. A. inquires B. comments C. forecasts D. friends 23. A. hike B. cycle C. climb D. ride 24. A. picked B. signed C. caught D. grew 25. A. birthday B. celebration C. anniversary D. ceremony 26. A. formed B. examined C. obtained D. joined 27. A. end B. start C. course D. result 28 A. angrier B. crazier C. happier D. busier 29. A. instructions B. deadlines C. conversations D. conditions 30. A. gradually B. constantly C. reluctantly D. excitedly 31. A. chances B. hunts C. hopes D. breaks 32. A. looked up B. came back C. turned round D. hung out 33. A. checked B. depended C. called D. blamed 34. A. returned B. progressed C. delivered D. reacted 35. A. class B. committee C. club D. family 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The complicated art of needle-pierced frameless lanterns, ____36____ was recognized as a national cultural heritage in China in 2006, is a traditional craft ____37____ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty in the Potan Ancient Town, Xianju County, Zhejiang Province. This technique involves pasting (粘贴) and shaping layers of paper to create unique designs, ____38____ puncturing (刺破) the lantern surface to form patterns and allow light to shine through. Unlike traditional lantern styles that usually rely on bamboo or wooden frames, this method fashions patterns and designs ____39____ the need for any framing. Every delicate pattern of these frameless lanterns is ____40____ (careful) crafted using a tiny embroidery (绣花) needle. Each square centimeter of paper ____41____ (demand) around 100 needle punctures. Depending on the lantern’s size, ____42____ number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million. ____43____ (patient) is thus vital for craftsmen. In the past, every household here would craft lanterns for traditional Chinese ____44____ (festival) like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Lanterns ____45____ (love) as symbols of good fortune and prosperity. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，英国友好学校的师生正在你校访问，请以“绿色校园”为主题用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的校园。内容包括： 1.开展的绿化活动； 2.推荐代表性景观。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear friends, welcome to our school. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nearly twenty-two, about to graduate, and unsure which to follow—my head and my long interest in natural science, or my heart and my passion for photography. A job at the museum would be the safe choice. Or I could try to pursue a career in architectural photography, even though I had no specific training in the field. I longed to land that job. I asked the advisor, John Smith, to recommend someone qualified to give mean objective opinion. His reply: “See Benjamin Moskowitz, a famous architect, NYC. Good luck.” During the Spring break I booked a cheap room and took the train to New York City. At his office on the twenty-third floor I asked the receptionist for Mr. Moskowitz. “I think Mr. Moskowitz has already left, Miss. I know he was planning a long weekend. Did you have an appointment?”... She sighed and asked my name and told me to wait while she tried to see if he might still be there. I paced nervously, thinking that my time and money and my best chance for an expert opinion had been thrown away. The receptionist rang his office; no answer. “Sorry, but it looks like you’re out of luck, Miss White,” she said. Why hadn’t I planned this better? Called for an appointment? Taken an earlier train? How could I have made such a mistake? I was close to tears. Just then at all, gray-haired man, beautifully dressed, strode (阔步) through the reception area. The receptionist signaled me and mouthed, “That’s him.” I didn’t hesitate. “Oh, Mr. Moskowitz!” I called out. “Just a moment, sir, please! I’d like to speak to you.” He glanced at his expensive-looking gold watch and kept walking. “Sorry, I have a train to catch,” he said straightforward, “I don’t believe you had an appointment.” I hurried after him toward the elevator. “I apologize, sir, but I was told to talk to you and to show you some photographs.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： Mr. Moskowitz glanced at it, impatiently at first and then more carefully a second time. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： One hour later, I walked out of his office with great confidence and excitement __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 保密★启用前 2024年高三二模考试 英语试题 2024.5 注意事项： 1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、考生号等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Oxford’s world-class museums house rare treasures from the natural world as well as amazing art and handicrafts. The museums are also a valuable study resource for students and academics. Ashmolean Museum Where: Beaumont Street, OX12PH When: 10:00-17:00 The Ashmolean Museum is home to the university’s collection of art and archaeology. Founded in 1683, it was the first public museum in the UK and is one of the oldest in the world. Particularly relevant to: Ancient and Modern History. www.ashmolean.org History of Science Museum Where: Broad Street,OX13AZ When: 12:00-17:00 This museum houses an unequaled collection of historic scientific instruments, including Einstein’s blackboard and the first cultures of the lifesaving antibiotic Penicillin. Particularly relevant to all science and history courses. www.hsm.ox.ac.uk Oxford University Museum of Natural History Where: Parks Road, OX13PW When: 10:00-17:00 The museum houses an impressive range of scientific collections of zoological and geologicalsamples in a spectacular Victorian building. Particularly relevant to: Biology; Earth Sciences. www.oum.ox.ac.uk Pitt Rivers Museum Where: Parks Road, OX13PW When: 10:00-14:00 The Pitt Rivers Museum is home to a remarkable collection of man-made objects from all partsof the world, famous for its celebrated displays and its leading role in contemporary research. Particularly relevant to: Archaeology and Anthropology; History of Art. www.prm.ox.ac.uk 1. If you want to know more about Penicillin, which website should you surf? A. www.hsm.ox.ac.uk. B. www.oum.ox.ac.uk. C. www.ashmolean.org. D. www.prm.ox.ac.uk 2. What is Pitt Rivers Museum especially related to? A. Art and archaeology B. Undergraduates studying. C. Historic scientific instruments. D. Collections of man-made objects. 3. The purpose of the text is to get people to ______. A. study history B. preserve heritage C. visit museums D. appreciate handicrafts 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个博物馆的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据History of Science Museum部分中“This museum houses an unequaled collection of historic scientific instruments, including Einstein’s blackboard and the first cultures of the lifesaving antibiotic Penicillin.(这个博物馆收藏了无与伦比的历史科学仪器，包括爱因斯坦的黑板和拯救生命的抗生素青霉素的第一次培养)”以及“www.hsm.ox.ac.uk”可知，如果你想了解更多关于青霉素的信息，你应该浏览www.hsm.ox.ac.uk。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pitt Rivers Museum部分中“Particularly relevant to: Archaeology and Anthropology; History of Art.(特别相关：考古学和人类学；艺术史)”可知，皮特里弗斯博物馆与艺术和考古特别相关。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Oxford’s world-class museums house rare treasures from the natural world as well as amazing art and handicrafts. The museums are also a valuable study resource for students and academics.(牛津的世界级博物馆收藏了来自自然界的稀有珍品以及令人惊叹的艺术和手工艺品。博物馆也是学生和学者宝贵的学习资源)”可知，这篇文章的目的是让人们去参观博物馆。故选C。 B Science is always seen as hard-core and hard to understand. But could you imagine hundreds of people being attracted by the cover of a science magazine? The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure, a US-based Cell Press journal. The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated―the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team. Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image, describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa, carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky. While studying chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract. As he had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art. He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers. It didn’t take long before his classmates and professors noticed his talents and asked him to help them with their papers. By word of mouth, more people beat a path to Wang’s door and were willing to pay for his service. Over the past four years, Wang and his team have come up with more than 10,000 visual works for academic papers across a variety of fields, many of which have made their way to the world’s top academic journals, including Nature, Science and Cell. “Every scientific paper is innovative, and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers,” Wang says, adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods, to showcase experimental results, visually process data or compare differences among experiments. 4. What play a special role in Wang’s works? A. Fairytales. B. Chinese elements. C. Rich colors. D. Complex structures. 5. What can we learn about Wang Yixi from paragraph 3? A. He preferred painting to Chemistry. B. He developed useful mapping software. C. He had an active mind to solve problem. D. He had trouble conducting his experiment. 6. How does Wang make abstract papers easily understood? A. By visualizing them vividly. B. By showing them accurately. C. By explaining them in detail. D. By constructing them uniquely 7. Which is the best title for the text? A. The power of art B. Dilemmas of science C. Mysteries of Chemistry D. Inspiration from science 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Wang Yixi通过使用中国元素生动地展现了科学过程，解释了他的灵感来源以及贡献。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated―the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team.(封面是一幅中国水墨画，生动地展示了一种重要有机化合物的生物合成过程中一种特殊的酶被激活的过程——这是中国科研团队的最新突)”可知，中国元素在王的作品中扮演了特殊的角色。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“While studying chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract. A she had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art. He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers.(在大学学习化学时，Wang Yixi经常遇到一个实验准备过程，他必须解释，但文字量太大，太抽象。由于她一直对绘画和Photoshop等相关软件感兴趣，他决定把他的图形变成一门美术。他继续学习3D图形软件，以便更好地展示他所在领域的微观结构，并改善他的论文的呈现)”可知，王有解决问题的积极思维。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“While studying chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract. A she had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art. He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers.(在大学学习化学时，Wang Yixi经常遇到一个实验准备过程，他必须解释，但文字量太大，太抽象。由于她一直对绘画和Photoshop等相关软件感兴趣，他决定把他的图形变成一门美术。他继续学习3D图形软件，以便更好地展示他所在领域的微观结构，并改善他的论文的呈现)”以及最后一段““Every scientific paper is innovative, and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers,” Wang says, adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods, to showcase experimental results, visually process data or compare differences among experiments.(王说：“每一篇科学论文都是创新的，图表是科学论文的重要组成部分。”他补充说，他试图实现的是对模型或方法的解释，展示实验结果，可视化处理数据或比较实验之间的差异)”可知，王通过生动地想象使抽象论文易于理解。故选A。 7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure, a US-based Cell Press journal. The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated―the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team. Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image, describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa, carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky.(在Wang Yixi和他的团队登上美国细胞出版社杂志《结构》10月刊的封面后，这一成就得以完成。封面是一幅中国水墨画，生动地展示了一种重要有机化合物的生物合成过程中一种特殊的酶被激活的过程——这是中国科研团队的最新突破。他的另一幅颇受欢迎的带有鲜明中国元素的作品是一幅合成图像，将一名科学家描绘成民间女神女娲，她带着新发现的化合物填补天空的裂缝)”结合文章可知，全文核心围绕 “王艺熹用艺术形式（绘画、3D 可视化）让复杂科学内容变得易懂，作品登上顶级期刊” 展开，体现了“艺术的力量”（The power of art）对科学传播的推动作用。A选项最符合文章标题。故选A。 C Several times a month, you can find Doctor Daniel Nadeau in the Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. He notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉) and cheese boxes in am other’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to wholegrain macaroni and real cheese. Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes (糖尿病) rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” This mother agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nevertheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. By prescribing (开处方) nutritional changes or launching programs such as “Shop with your Doc”, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. They believe teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family. 8. Why does Doctor Nadeau advise buying wholegrain macaroni and real cheese? A. They’re easy to make. B. They’re plant-based. C. They’re delicious to eat. D. They’re processed food. 9. What does the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Try out. B. Pick up. C. Take in. D. Turn around. 10. What is the author’s attitude toward the power of food? A. Neutral. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Positive. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. A good cure for diabetes. B. A new attempt on cooking. C. A food-as-medicine program. D. A simple tip on doing shopping. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，饮食中的糖和加工食品会导致疾病，本文介绍了通过改变患者的饮食来预防、限制甚至逆转疾病的项目。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉) and cheese boxes in am other’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to wholegrain macaroni and real cheese.”和第二段中““In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.”(“在美国，超过50%的食品是加工食品，” Nadeau告诉她。“我们的食物中只有5%是植物性食物。我认为我们应该努力扭转这种局面。”)”可知，Nadeau建议购买全麦通心粉和真正的奶酪是因为它们是植物性食物，故选B。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes(糖尿病) rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food.(Nadeau说，糖和加工食品是儿童糖尿病发病率上升的主要原因。“在美国，超过50%的食品是加工食品，” Nadeau告诉她。“我们的食物中只有5%是植物性食物)”可知，糖和加工食品是儿童糖尿病发病率上升的主要原因，在美国超过50%的食品是加工食品，只有5%是植物性食物，由此推知划线词所在句意为“我认为我们应该努力扭转这种局面”，reverse意为“扭转”，故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes.(研究结果越来越多地显示出食物治疗或逆转疾病力量，但这并不意味着饮食本身总是解决问题的办法，也不意味着每一种疾病都能从饮食的改变中得到实质性的好处)”可知，作者对于食物的力量持中立态度，故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“By prescribing (开处方) nutritional changes or launching programs such as “Shop with your Doc”, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat.(通过开处方改变营养或启动诸如“和医生一起购物”之类的项目，他们试图通过改变患者的饮食来预防、限制甚至逆转疾病)”可知，饮食中的糖和加工食品会导致疾病，本文介绍了通过改变患者的饮食来预防、限制甚至逆转疾病的项目。C项“一个以食为药的项目”能够总结本文大意，故选C。 D Top-down processing is the process of using context or general knowledge to understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychologist Richard Gregory introduced the concept. He claimed that perception is constructive. The processing plays an important role in our interactions with our environment. Our five senses are constantly taking in information. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we touch them. If we paid attention to each one of our senses all the time, we’d never do anything else. It enables us to simplify the process by relying on context and our pre-existing knowledge to understand what we notice. If our brains didn’t employ top-down processing our senses would overwhelm us. Top-down processing helps us understand what our senses are perceiving in our daily lives. For example, suppose you receive an important letter but a few drops of water have ruined part of the text. A few letters in different words are now just smudges (污迹). Yet, you’re still able to read the letter in its entirety using top-down processing. You use the context of the words and sentences in which the smudges appear and your knowledge of reading to comprehend the meaning of the letter’s message. See a word LO*E, with one letter knocked down, yet you are still able to quickly recognize the word as LOVE. On the one hand, top-down processing serves a positive function by simplifying the way we comprehend our sensory perceptions. It enables us to shortcut the cognitive path between our perceptions and their meaning. On the other hand, patterns can also prevent us from perceiving things in unique ways. So we may understand the pattern of how to use a mobile phone, but if the manufacturer comes out with a new phone that employs completely unique interaction patterns, we may not be able to figure out how to use it. Besides, as our knowledge is limited and biased (片面的) in certain ways, it can lead to perceptual errors. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2? A. To explain main reasons. B. To give practical examples. C. To draw specific conclusions. D. To analyse theoretical frameworks. 13. What maybe the key to understanding a text with missing letters? A. Pre-existing knowledge. B. Active interactions. C. Five physical senses. D. Lessons from mistakes 14. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Seeing is believing. B. Practice makes perfect. C. Every coin has two sides. D. Experience is the best teacher. 15. What does the author intend to do according to the text? A. Introduce a reading method. B. Deepen underlying meanings. C. Illustrate a cognitive strategy. D. Clarify a producing process. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自上而下的处理信息帮助我们理解感知到的事物，文章主要解释了这一认知过程。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The processing plays an important role in our interactions with our environment. Our five senses are constantly taking in information. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we touch them. If we paid attention to each one of our senses all the time, we’d never do anything else. It enables us to simplify the process by relying on context and our pre-existing knowledge to understand what we notice. If our brains didn’t employ top-down processing our senses would overwhelm us.(这个过程在我们与环境互动中起着重要的作用。我们的五种感官不断地接收信息。在任何给定的时间，我们都在体验不同的视觉、声音、味道、气味，以及触摸事物时的感觉。如果我们一直关注我们的每一种感官，我们就永远不会做其他事情。它使我们能够通过依赖上下文和我们已有的知识来理解我们注意到的东西，从而简化这个过程。如果我们的大脑不采用自上而下的处理方式，我们的感官就会压倒我们)”可知，作者写第二段的目的是分析自上而下的处理是至关重要的主要原因。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“You use the context of the words and sentences in which the smudges appear and your knowledge of reading to comprehend the meaning of the letter’s message. See a word LO*E, with one letter knocked down, yet you are still able to quickly recognize the word as LOVE.(你可以利用出现污迹的单词和句子的上下文以及你的阅读知识来理解信件的意思。看到一个单词“LO*E”，一个字母被敲掉了，但你仍然能很快认出这个单词是“LOVE”)”可知，理解一篇缺少字母的文章的关键是已有的信息。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On the one hand, top-down processing serves a positive function by simplifying the way we comprehend our sensory perceptions. It enables us to shortcut the cognitive path between our perceptions and their meaning. On the other hand, patterns can also prevent us from perceiving things in unique ways.(一方面，自上而下的处理通过简化我们理解感官知觉的方式起到了积极的作用。它使我们能够缩短我们的感知和它们的意义之间的认知路径。另一方面，模式也可以阻止我们以独特的方式感知事物)”可知，自上而下的处理通常是有益的，但它也有局限性，有时会阻碍我们以新颖的方式感知事物或适应不熟悉的情况的能力。因此，事物都有两面性。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Top-down processing is the process of using context or general knowledge to understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychologist Richard Gregory introduced the concept. He claimed that perception is constructive.(自上而下的处理是使用上下文或一般知识来理解我们所感知的东西的过程。1970年，心理学家理查德·格雷戈里提出了这个概念。他声称感知是建设性的)”，结合文章主要说明了自上而下的处理信息帮助我们理解感知到的事物，文章主要解释了这一认知过程。可知，作者想要说明一个认知策略。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Fall Back in Love with Reading Do you remember the last time you spent time reading books for pleasure? In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature. ____16____The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again. ____17____ Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library. Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks. ____18____ Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book. ____19____This is a great way to engage with what you’re reading on a deeper level and a fun way to document your reading journey. Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable. ____20____ A. Find a book that interests you. B. Create a positive reading routine. C. But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past! D. By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle. E. Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next! F. The others in your book club may come from different backgrounds. G. It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了如何重新爱上阅读的方法。 【16题详解】 根据前文“In the age of digital distractions, it is easy to struggle to find the time and headspace to get lost in literature.(在这个数字干扰的时代，我们很容易找不到时间和空间来沉浸在文学中)”以及后文“The following tips will help you fall in love with reading again.(下面的建议将帮助你再次爱上阅读)”可知，前文介绍了我们不再阅读的原因，后文讲述帮助我们再次爱上阅读，所以前后是转折关系，C项“But that doesn’t mean reading books is a thing of the past!(但这并不意味着读书是过去的事情!)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选C项。 【17题详解】 设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Whether it’s a thriller, romance, or even an on-fiction book about your favorite hobby, make sure you choose something that will hold your attention from beginning to end. If you’re unsure where to start, ask your friends or family for recommendations, checkout online reviews, or browse through your local bookstore or library.(无论是惊悚小说、爱情小说，甚至是一本关于你最喜欢的爱好的小说，确保你选择的东西从头到尾都能吸引你的注意力。如果你不确定从哪里开始，向你的朋友或家人寻求建议，查看在线评论，或浏览当地的书店或图书馆)”可知，本段主要讲述找一本自己最爱看的书，所以A项“Find a book that interests you.(找一本你感兴趣的书)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选A项。 【18题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Set aside time for reading books. Whether it’s 20 minutes before bedtime or an hour on your lunch break, carving out sometime in your schedule will make it easier to sit down and read. And if you find that you don’t have much free time, try listening to audiobooks.(留出时间读书。无论是睡前20分钟还是午休的一个小时，在你的时间表中留出一些时间会让你更容易坐下来阅读。如果你发现你没有太多的空闲时间，试着听有声读物)”可知，D项“By this way, you can easily fit reading into your busy lifestyle.(通过这种方式，你可以很容易地将阅读融入你忙碌的生活方式)”是对前句提到的方法的总结。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Keep a reading journal. In your journal, you can write down your thoughts about what you’re reading or graffiti pictures inspired by the book.(坚持阅读日记。在你的日记里，你可以写下你对正在阅读的东西的想法，或者涂鸦受书启发的图片)”可知，G项“It doesn’t have to be very involved, just a couple of sentences to jog your memory.(不需要很复杂，只要几句话就可以唤起你的记忆)”是对前文的解释说明，符合文意。故选G项。 【20题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Make reading a social activity. Whether you start a book club with your friends or join an online reading group, being able to discuss what you’re reading with others can make the experience more enjoyable.(让阅读成为一种社交活动。无论你是和朋友一起成立一个读书俱乐部，还是加入一个在线阅读小组，能够和别人讨论你正在读的东西会让你的阅读体验更愉快)”可知，E项“Plus, it’s a great way to get recommendations for what to read next!(另外，这是获得下一步阅读建议的好方法!)”是讲述前文方法的好处，符合文艺。故选E项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Once I’d reached retirement age I spent a lot of time travelling to distant countries, and after seeing a documentary on Mount Kilimanjaro, I thought perhaps I should give it a ____21____. When I made ____22____ with my favorite travel company, I was told their age limit for the ____23____ was 80, and as I was 79 at the time I realized it was a question of now or never! I ____24____ up and the date I was given meant that if I could make it to the summit (顶峰), I’d arrive on the day before my 80th ____25____ When I arrived in Tanzania, Africa, I ____26____ a group of seven ladies and eight gentlemen, all of whom I could see were half my age. I could also tell from the ___27___ that the man in charge would have been ____28____ without me, and he gave me strict ____29____ to always walk immediately behind the leader. I noticed too that he’d asked two of the group to keep an eye on me, as they were ____30____ checking to see if I was OK. For the first three days we had excellent weather, and hour after hour we trudged (跋涉) inline, with occasional ____31____ for toilet and snacks. However, halfway through day four, the boss suddenly shouted my name from the end of the line, and when I ___32___ in response he yelled, “Norman, you are summit material!” From then on, no one ____33____ on me, and on day five we all reached the summit and then ____34____ to the peak. In spite of the fact that my birthday was a day away, everyone stood together and sang Happy Birthday To You. You could say we’d become a ____35____. 21. A. run B. reach C. walk D. go 22. A. inquires B. comments C. forecasts D. friends 23. A. hike B. cycle C. climb D. ride 24. A. picked B. signed C. caught D. grew 25. A. birthday B. celebration C. anniversary D. ceremony 26. A. formed B. examined C. obtained D. joined 27. A. end B. start C. course D. result 28. A. angrier B. crazier C. happier D. busier 29. A. instructions B. deadlines C. conversations D. conditions 30. A. gradually B. constantly C. reluctantly D. excitedly 31. A. chances B. hunts C. hopes D. breaks 32. A. looked up B. came back C. turned round D. hung out 33. A. checked B. depended C. called D. blamed 34. A. returned B. progressed C. delivered D. reacted 35. A. class B. committee C. club D. family 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。本篇讲了作者在七十九岁的年纪，在旅行团朋友们的帮助下一起爬上了乞力马扎罗山。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到了退休年龄后，我花了很多时间去遥远的国家旅行，在看了一部关于乞力马扎罗山的纪录片后，我想也许我应该试一试。A. run跑步；B. reach领域；C. walk步行；D. go尝试。根据前文“Once I’d reached retirement age I spent a lot of time travelling to distant countries, and after seeing a documentary on Mount Kilimanjaro”可知，当作者看了一个乞力马扎罗山的纪录片，作者打算尝试一下爬这座山，give it a go为固定搭配，意为“尝试做”。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我向我最喜欢的旅游公司询问时，我被告知他们攀登的年龄限制是80岁，当时我79岁，我意识到这是机不可失，时不再来！A. inquires询问；B. comments评论；C. forecasts预测；D. friends朋友。根据后文“I was told their age limit for the　　　　3　　　　was 80”可知，作者知道爬山的年龄限制是80岁，所以应是向旅游公司咨询。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我向我最喜欢的旅游公司询问时，我被告知他们攀登的年龄限制是80岁，当时我79岁，我意识到这是机不可失，时不再来！A. hike徒步旅行；B. cycle自行车；C. climb攀登；D. ride(乘车或骑车的)短途旅程。根据前文“after seeing a documentary on Mount Kilimanjaro, I thought perhaps I should give it a　　　　　1　　　　.”可知，作者想去爬乞力马扎罗山，所以应是爬山的年龄限制是80岁。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我报了名，而报名的日期意味着，如果我能登上山顶，我会在我80岁生日的前到达。A. picked挑选；B. signed签名；C. caught抓住；D. grew成长。根据后文“the date I was given”可知，作者被给了一个日期，说明他报名去爬山了，所以此处是固定搭配：sign up意为“报名”。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我报了名，而报名的日期意味着，如果我能登上山顶，我会在我80岁生日的前到达。A. birthday生日；B. celebration庆祝；C. anniversary周年纪念；D. ceremony仪式。根据后文“In spite of the fact that my birthday was a day away, everyone stood together and sang Happy Birthday To You.”可知，在他80岁生日的前一天到达峰顶。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达非洲的坦桑尼亚时，我加入了一个由七位女士和八位先生组成的团体，我能看到的所有人的年龄都是我的一半。A. formed形成；B. examined检查；C. obtained获得；D. joined加入。根据后文“and he gave me strict　　　　9　　　　to always walk immediately behind the leader”可知，让作者总是紧跟在领队后面走，所以是作者加入一个团体。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一开始就知道，如果没有我，负责人会更开心，他给了我严格的指示，让我总是紧跟在领队后面走。A. end结束；B. start开始；C. course课程；D. result结果。根据后文“the man in charge would have been　　　　8　　　　without me”结合作者的年龄可知，他应是一开始就知道，如果没有他，负责人会更开心。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从一开始就知道，如果没有我，负责人会更开心，他给了我严格的指示，让我总是紧跟在领队后面走。A. angrier更生气的；B. crazier更疯狂的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据后文“without me”可知，作者年龄太大了，如果没有他，负责人应是高兴的。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一开始就知道，如果没有我，负责人会更开心，他给了我严格的指示，让我总是紧跟在领队后面走。A. instructions指示；B. deadlines截止日期；C. conversations对话；D. conditions条件。根据后文“always walk immediately behind the leader”可知，总是紧跟在领队后面走应是负责人给作者的指示。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我还注意到，他让队里的两个人盯着我，因为他们一直在检查我是否还好。A. gradually逐渐地；B. constantly不断地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据前文“I noticed too that he’d asked two of the group to keep an eye on me”可知，作者还知道了领队让两个人盯着他，因为他们不断在检查作者是否还好。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：头三天天气很好，我们一小时接一小时地艰苦跋涉，偶尔休息一下上厕所，吃点零食。A. chances机会；B. hunts狩猎；C. hopes希望；D. breaks休息。根据后文“for toilet and snacks”可知，上厕所，吃零食，应是休息的时候做。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，在第四天进行到一半时，老板突然从队伍的尽头喊出了我的名字，当我转身回应时，他喊道：“诺曼，你是登顶的材料!”A. looked up查阅；B. came back回来；C. turned round转身；D. hung out闲逛。根据前文“the boss suddenly shouted my name from the end of the line”可知，老板在队伍的尽头喊，而作者需要紧跟在领队后面走，所以应是转身回应。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，再没有人来检查我的情况，第五天，我们都到达了山顶，然后继续向顶峰前进。A. checked检查；B. depended依赖；C. called呼叫；D. blamed责怪。根据前文“as they were　　　　10　　　　checking to see if I was OK.”根据前文内容可知，刚开始时，担心作者，有人会不断检查作者是否还好，后来作者获得负责人的认可，所以此处应是再没有人来检查他的情况。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，再没有人来检查我的情况，第五天，我们都到达了山顶，然后继续向顶峰前进。A. returned返回；B. progressed前进；C. delivered交付；D. reacted反应。根据前文“on day five we all reached the summit”以及后文“to the peak”可知，作者一行已达到山顶，接下来应是继续往顶峰前进。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以说我们已经成为一家人了。A. class班级；B. committee委员会；C. club俱乐部；D. family家庭。根据前文“In spite of the fact that my birthday was a day away, everyone stood together and sang Happy Birthday To You.”可知，大家为作者庆祝生日，所以就和一家人一样。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The complicated art of needle-pierced frameless lanterns, ____36____ was recognized as a national cultural heritage in China in 2006, is a traditional craft ____37____ (date) back to the Tang Dynasty in the Potan Ancient Town, Xianju County, Zhejiang Province. This technique involves pasting (粘贴) and shaping layers of paper to create unique designs, ____38____ puncturing (刺破) the lantern surface to form patterns and allow light to shine through. Unlike traditional lantern styles that usually rely on bamboo or wooden frames, this method fashions patterns and designs ____39____ the need for any framing. Every delicate pattern of these frameless lanterns is ____40____ (careful) crafted using a tiny embroidery (绣花) needle. Each square centimeter of paper ____41____ (demand) around 100 needle punctures. Depending on the lantern’s size, ____42____ number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million. ____43____ (patient) is thus vital for craftsmen. In the past, every household here would craft lanterns for traditional Chinese ____44____ (festival) like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Lanterns ____45____ (love) as symbols of good fortune and prosperity. 【答案】36. which 37. dating 38. and 39. without 40. carefully 41. demands 42. the 43. Patience 44. festivals 45. are loved 【解析】 【导语】本文属于一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的一项传统工艺——浙江省仙居县皤滩镇花灯及其被认定为国家文化遗产的情况，包括该技艺的历史、制作过程、所需技巧以及它在传统文化节日中的应用和象征意义。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：2006年，浙江省仙居县皤滩古镇的一项传统工艺——针刺无框灯笼，被认定为中国国家文化遗产。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。本句谓语为was recognized as，此处为非谓语动词，且craft与date back to“追溯到”为主动关系，故用现在分词形式，作后置定语，修饰craft。故填dating。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：这种技术包括粘贴和塑造一层层的纸来创造独特的设计，并在灯笼表面穿孔形成图案，让光线透过。pasting and shaping，与puncturing之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：与传统的依赖竹制或木制框架的灯笼风格不同，这种方法不需要任何框架就能制作出图案和设计。本空用介词without“没有”，表示在没有框架的情况下完成设计。故填without。 40题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些无框灯笼的每一个精细图案都是用微小的绣花针精心制作的。本空用副词carefully“精心地”，修饰动词crafted，作状语。故填carefully。 【41题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每平方厘米的纸张需要大约100个针孔。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语Each square centimeter of paper为第三人称单数，谓语动词demand“需要”也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填demands。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：根据灯笼大小，针孔的数量可以从几十万个到一百多万个不等。本空用定冠词the，the number of“……的数量”为固定短语。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：因此，耐心对于工匠来说至关重要。本空用名词patience“耐心”，不可数名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Patience。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：在过去，这里的每家每户都会为春节、元宵节和中秋节等中国传统节日制作灯笼。由like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival可知，此处表示多个节日，本空用festivals“节日”的复数形式。故填festivals。 【45题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：灯笼作为好运和繁荣的象征而受到人们的喜爱。本句描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语Lanterns与动词love“喜爱”之间为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are loved。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，英国友好学校的师生正在你校访问，请以“绿色校园”为主题用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的校园。内容包括： 1.开展的绿化活动； 2.推荐代表性景观。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear friends, welcome to our school. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 【答案】 Dear friends, welcome to our school. Our school is committed to fostering a green campus environment. We regularly organize tree-planting activities to increase the green coverage, and encourage students to adopt environmentally-friendly habits, such as using reusable items and composting organic waste. One of our most representative landscapes is the central garden, where a variety of native plants thrive, creating a serene oasis for students to relax and reflect. Additionally, the solar-powered lights around the campus demonstrate our commitment to renewable energy. That’s all. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。英国友好学校的师生正在你校访问，要求考生以“绿色校园”为主题用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的校园。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 促进：foster→promote 鼓励：encourage→inspire 使用：use→make use of 另外：additionally→furthermore 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, the solar-powered lights around the campus demonstrate our commitment to renewable energy. 拓展句：Additionally, the solar-powered lights around the campus, which are installed to reduce our carbon footprint, demonstrate our commitment to renewable energy. 【点睛】[高分句型1] We regularly organize tree-planting activities to increase the green coverage, and encourage students to adopt environmentally-friendly habits, such as using reusable items and composting organic waste. (不定式作目的状语和宾补，动名词作宾语) [高分句型2] One of our most representative landscapes is the central garden, where a variety of native plants thrive, creating a serene oasis for students to relax and reflect. (where引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was nearly twenty-two, about to graduate, and unsure which to follow—my head and my long interest in natural science, or my heart and my passion for photography. A job at the museum would be the safe choice. Or I could try to pursue a career in architectural photography, even though I had no specific training in the field. I longed to land that job. I asked the advisor, John Smith, to recommend someone qualified to give mean objective opinion. His reply: “See Benjamin Moskowitz, a famous architect, NYC. Good luck.” During the Spring break I booked a cheap room and took the train to New York City. At his office on the twenty-third floor I asked the receptionist for Mr. Moskowitz. “I think Mr. Moskowitz has already left, Miss. I know he was planning a long weekend. Did you have an appointment?”... She sighed and asked my name and told me to wait while she tried to see if he might still be there. I paced nervously, thinking that my time and money and my best chance for an expert opinion had been thrown away. The receptionist rang his office; no answer. “Sorry, but it looks like you’re out of luck, Miss White,” she said. Why hadn’t I planned this better? Called for an appointment? Taken an earlier train? How could I have made such a mistake? I was close to tears. Just then at all, gray-haired man, beautifully dressed, strode (阔步) through the reception area. The receptionist signaled me and mouthed, “That’s him.” I didn’t hesitate. “Oh, Mr. Moskowitz!” I called out. “Just a moment, sir, please! I’d like to speak to you.” He glanced at his expensive-looking gold watch and kept walking. “Sorry, I have a train to catch,” he said straightforward, “I don’t believe you had an appointment.” I hurried after him toward the elevator. “I apologize, sir, but I was told to talk to you and to show you some photographs.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： Mr. Moskowitz glanced at it, impatiently at first and then more carefully a second time. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： One hour later, I walked out of his office with great confidence and excitement __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Mr. Moskowitz glanced at it, impatiently at first and then more carefully a second time. His expression changed from big surprise to deep appreciation. “These are quite good,” he said, looking up at me. “You have a unique eye for capturing the beauty of architecture. Have you considered attending a photography school?” I nodded, my heart pounding. “Well, I think you have a lot of potential. Perhaps we could arrange a meeting for you to discuss some opportunities in the field.” His words filled me with hope. Next, we had a pleasant talk about my interest and my future job. One hour later, I walked out of his of office with great confidence and excitement. Mr. Moskowitz’s sincere advice and encouragement had given me the clear direction that I needed to follow my heart and pursue a career in architectural photography. I knew it wouldn’t be easy, but with hard work and dedication, I was sure I could make it. After about half an hour, I boarded the train back to school, excited about the future and ready to take on the challenges that lay ahead. Thanks to John Smith, Mr. Moskowitz, and my own persistence, I could go further in nature science. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者即将毕业，但是对未来的方向感到迷茫。于是去拜访了纽约著名建筑师本杰明·莫斯科维茨，对方发现了作者在摄影方面的潜能，让作者对未来充满了希望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“莫斯科维茨先生看了一眼，起初很不耐烦，但第二次看得更仔细了”可知，第一段可描写莫斯科维茨先生对作者作品的看法和他们进行了愉快地交谈。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个小时后，我满怀信心和兴奋地走出了他的办公室”可知，第二段可描写作者明确了未来的方向，对未来感到兴奋，准备迎接面前的挑战。 2.续写线索：看到作品——发现潜能——愉快交谈——满怀信心——明确方向——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①追求：pursue/go after ②成功：make it/succeed ③考虑：consider/take into account 情绪类 ①真诚的：sincere/genuine ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】[高分句型1] I nodded, my heart pounding. (运用了独立主格结构) [高分句型2] Mr. Moskowitz’s sincere advice and encouragement had given me the clear direction that I needed to follow my heart and pursue a career in architectural photography. (运用了that引导的同位语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $