Unit 1 课时作业(1)（配套练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 课时作业（一）阅读专项 答案精解P (建议用时：35分钟) I.第一节 on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper 凡 that Antarctica's abundant plant fossils indicate the Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica continent once had a much warmer climate than it There are many scientific breakthroughs made currently does. by women in the Antarctic.Here are four landmarks Peden Cliffs in Antarctica and the female pioneers they're named for. Peden Cliffs near Jones Terrace(梯田) Antarctica's Marie Byrd The ice-free terrace in Land are proof of the eastern Antarctica's Victoria Land labor of Irene Peden.She bears Jones'name.In 1969. was the first American geochemist Lois M.Jones led female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, the first all-female research team where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. from the US to work in Antarctiea.Jones and her Peden and her team determined how very low team studied chemical weathering in the MeMurdo frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances Dry Valleys,an ice-free area of Antarctica.Through by measuring pathways in the ice.They also used varying chemical analyses of rocks they had collected.Jones radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of and her team discovered many geochemical Antarctica's ice sheets. characteristics of the valley's ice-covered lakes 1.Which place is named after a builder of radio Mount Fiennes towers in the Antarctic? 8.202-foot-high Mount A.Jones Terrace. B.Mount Fiennes. Fiennes.located on Antarctica's C.Francis Peak. D.Peden Cliffs. largest island-Alexander Island-is named for Ginny 2.Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic? Fiennes.She established and maintained 80-foot-tall A.Lois M.Jones. radio towers in the Antarctic.In 1985,Fiennes became the B.Ginny Fiennes. first female who was invited to join the Antarctic C.Dame Jane Francis. D.Irene Peden. Club,a British supper club open to individuals who 3.What is special about Irene Peden? have spent extended time in the Antarctic region. A.She could judge the thickness of Antarctica's Francis Peak ice sheets. The 3,727-foot-tall B.She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the peak on Antarctica's Adelaide Antarctic. Island is named after C.She was the first female American to explore Dame Jane Francis,who is the first female director the Antarctic. of the British Antaretic Survey.the national polar D.She correctly measured the spreading speed of research institute of the UK.Her collection of fossils radio waves. ·131· B He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of He Zehui,a Chinese nuclear(核能的)physicist, 97.nearly 20 years after Qian Sangiang.She devoted achieved great things in physics and became an herself to science,living a simple life.always instructing outstanding scientist. young researchers and maintaining the highest Her family is famous for producing three famous standards that she had always valued.She loved her women scientists,including her two sisters.She country and science:to both she is now an example. graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a 4.What is the focus of Paragraph 2 about He Zehui? degree in physics.and then went on to study at the A.Identity background.B.Character personalities. Technical University of Berlin,where she was the C.Education experiences.D.Profession abilities. top in her class.outperforming her future husband 5.What do we know about Qian Sangiang? Qian SangiangChina's "father of the atomic bomb".In A.He died following his wife in 1991. 1940,she earned a doctor's degree in Engineering. B.He was also a remarkable Chinese scientist. The couple made C.He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences. great discoveries in the D.He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. field of uranium fission 6.Why was He Zehui acknowledged as "Chinese (铀核裂变)，which drew Marie Curie"? global attention and gained A.For her research of nuclear emulsions. them worldwide recognition, B.For her achievements in the atomic bomb. marking a milestone in C.For her great contributions to nuclear physics. the development of China's experimental fission D.For her continuous achievement in natural science. physics.Many Western media called the couple the 7.How can we best describe He Zehui? "Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China". A.Ambitious and talented. As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and B.Unselfish and devoted. technology in China,Professor He contributed a C.Imaginative and kind. great deal to nuclear physics.During the 1950s.she D.Knowledgeable and sociable. started the research and development of nuclear emulsions(核乳胶)in China and their research reached C the advanced world level at that time.He and her One of the winners of this year's Nobel Prize in research group took the lead in building China's first Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal. nuclear reactor and accelerator(加速器).She was When describing his career.Meldal said he started awarded the first Award of the National Prize of out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in he "wanted to understand the world". supporting the national program of nuclear weapon Meldal's experience may come as a surprise to development. students.They might believe they have to center Throughout her career.He went through many their work and school lives in one field to be difficulties,and was always on the front lines of successful.But a study from professors at Michigan China's science-related work.She published dozens State University shows that is not always the case. of papers yet placed little value on personal fame. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root- The world's top physicists recognized her as a Bernstein published their study in the Creativity famous scientist,“Chinese Madame Curie'”. Research Journal.They said that a large number of ·132· Nobel Prize winners can be described as "polymaths",or 10.What's the author's attitude towards the Root- “Renaissance'”. Bernsteins'discovery? The writers looked at past Nobel Prize winners A.Tolerant. B.Cautious. and their students.They decided that when students C.Negative. D.Objective. of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes.some of what 11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? they learned from their teachers is how to live a life A.A Secret to Winning Top Prize with many interests.They are,in a way,learning B.An Unbelievable Discovery how to be creative. C.A Born Nobel Prize Winner Having many interests.the Root-Bernsteins D.An Amazing Rise to Fame wrote,permits scientists to look for creative ways to D solve problems.In fact,one important part of science The University of Exeter is launching a new is not discovering answers,but recognizing problems program in September 2024 called the Master of Arts that need to be solved. (MA)in Magic and Occult Science.This program is The prize winners,the Root-Bernsteins said, all about exploring ideas in a different way,according to transfer "skills,techniques and materials from one its leader,Professor Emily Selove. field to another".They said Alexis Carrel won his Selove explained on BBC Radio 4's Today program Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques that this degree in magic takes a fresh approach to he learned from the clothing business.He realized studying history,science,philosophy,religion,and literature.It looks at these subjects from a unique that people who used thread to make and fix clothing viewpoint that hasn't received much attention from had a skill that could be used in operations to put scholars before. new organs into people's bodies. The university mentioned that this course will The Michigan State professors study creativity. give students a chance to dig into the history and They found Nobel winners are nine times more likely effects of witchcraft(and magic worldwide. to have experience in working with wood,metal or including their influence on society and science. in the arts than most scientists.The Michigan State Experts in various fields will teach the course and researchers say that unlike many people who spend help students understand how magic has played a long hours at work and give up some of their outside role in both Western and Eastern cultures. interests,Nobel winners believe their hobbies are The University of Exeter already received more important to creativity. than a hundred inquiries for MA degree.The "innovative" 8.What comes as a surprise to students according to MA has been created following a "recent surge in the passage☒ interest in magic".the course leader said.The A.Meldal's winning Nobel Prize. interest in studying magic is on the rise.both within B.Meldal's original working field. and outside of academic circles.This is because C.Meldal's desire to understand the world. people are searching for fresh viewpoints on how we D.Meldal's study with Michigan State University. connect with other human cultures and the natural 9.What kind of people can be sorted as "polymaths" world.Selove explained. or“Renaissance”? Selove said that our ancestors had some interesting A.People who concentrated on just one field. ideas that we may have ignored.These ideas have the B.People who are committed lifelong to their career. potential to be valuable philosophical thoughts and C.People who are equipped with various interests. could provide us with a new way of understanding D.People who are admired for established achievements. society."The MA in Magic and Occult Science would ·133· challenge the belief that the Western world is only to interview Grylls,who gave us his honest thoughts characterized by rationalism(理性主义)and science on his adventures. while the rest of the world is associated with magic When did you first discover that you enjoyed and superstition(迷信)，”she added.. exploring the outdoors and going on adventures? Furthermore,the university mentioned that this I grew up on the Isle of Wight,and have strong course can prepare students for various career paths, memories of learning to climb on the sea cliffs with including teaching,consulting and tourism as well as my father.To me,these were the stepping stones to work in heritage settings and museums.art organizations, my love for adventure,which has since taken me to and the publishing industry among other options. so many different extremes on this ineredible planet 12.What do we know about the MA in Magic and of ours.1. Occult Science? How do you prepare yourself for the dangers on A.It provides a new way to study science and physics. your ad小ventures? B.It gives students the opportunity to be exposed 2 And I've learned to treat it with respect. to witcheraft. When I climbed Mount Everest,I fell 60 meters into C.Its course focuses on the magical world of an icy gap at an altitude of 5.800 meters.Thankfully,my Eastern culture best friend Mick and a Nepalese climber called Nima D.Its course allows students to do some magic were able to hold the rope and pull me to safety.This experiments. taught me the importance of having a team when you l3.What does the underlined word“surge”in are going to extremes.3. Paragraph 4 probably mean? A lifetime of exposure to danger has given me a A.Increase. B.Drop. gratitude for life that has never left me.My goal is to C.Success. D.Balance. get home to my family in one piece.4. 14.What dose the MA in Magic and Occult Science Many people are often troubled by doubts and challenge according to Selove? “what ifs,.”and what would you say to them? A.Not many students are interested in the degree. Never give up!Time,experience,and narrow escapes have taught me that the best way to B.Some ideas about philosophy from our ancestors overcome our fears is not to run from them.but to are ignored. walk right through the middle.5.When we C.There are no supernatural phenomena in the refuse to face the tough stuff we come across in our rest of the world. lives,our fears tend to become worse.That's the D.The Western world is regarded as a rational irony of the situation. and scientific world. A.No man can survive as an island forever 15.What does the university think of the job prospects B.If you do this,you'll find that they often for the graduates of MA? move away A.Challenging. B.Uncertain. C.In the wild.you only have one chance to get it wrong C.Brilliant. D.Worrying. D.Danger has been a constant companion for much Ⅱ.第二节 of my life Bear Grylls is known for E.That's always been the guiding light through the his bravery on a number of darkness for me television shows,which have F.Those early days of adventure gave me skills that taken him to the most amazing have lasted a lifetime corners of the planet.We were G.There are few challenges that the British adventurer is honored to be given the chance not prepared to take 134·课时跟踪检测答案 课时作业(一) 13.A 词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句可知,在学术界内外, 研究魔法的兴趣都在上升。所以画线词surge表示“增长, I.第一节 增加”,故选A项。 , 14.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段末句可知,Selove教授认 主题语境:人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。 为,魔法与神秘科学硕士学位将挑战这样一种信念,即西方 语篇 本文为应用文,介绍了南极洲四个以做出科学突破的 导读 世界的特征只有理性主义和科学,而世界其他地方则与度 女性科学家命名的地标。 法和迷信有关。也就是说,魔法与神秘科学硕士学位的挑战 1.B 细节理解题。根据MountFiennes部分前两句可知 是:西方世界被广泛认为是一个理性和科学的世界,故选D项。 Fiennes山是以南极洲无线电发射塔建造者GinnyFiennes的 15.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,魔法与神秘科学硕士 名字命名的,故选B项。 学位的毕业生可以选择各种职业道路,包括教学、咨询、旅 2.C 细节理解题。根据FrancisPeak部分最后一句可知,Dame 游和辅导,以及在遗产机构、博物馆、图书馆、艺术组织和出 laneFrancis证明了南极洲以前有过更高的温度,故选C项。 版业等领域的工作。由此可知,这个学位的工作前景是大 3.A 细节理解题。根据PedenCliffs部分最后一句可知,Irene 有希望的,故选C项。 Peden的特别之处在于她可以判断南极洲冰盖的厚度,故选 II.第二节 A项。 语篇 主题语境:人与自我/做人与做事。本文为对员尔 B 导读 格里尔斯的采访记录。 主题语境:人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。 1.F 概括关系。根据上文可知,贝尔·格里尔斯在说明他早 语篇 本文为人物传记,介绍了”中国的居里夫人”何泽慧及 导读 期的冒险经历促使他去不同的地方冒险。F项(那些早期的 共成就。 冒险经历给了我一生的技能)和上文意思一致,故选F项。 4.C 段落大意题。第二段主要介绍何泽慧的教育经历,故选 2.D 顺承关系。根据下文可知,贝尔·格里尔斯的行为伴陆 C项。 着很大的危险。D项(危险一直是我生命中不变的伴侣)引起 5.B 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句和第三段首句可 下文,下文it指代D项中的Danger,故选D项。 知,钱三强也是一位伟大的中国科学家,故选B项。 3.A 重申关系。根据上文可知,贝尔·格里尔斯认为去探险 6.C 推理判断题。根据第一段、第三段末句和第四段首句可 时要有伙伴一起,不能一个人去。A项(没有人能像孤岛一 推知,因何泽慧对中国的核物理作出了巨大贡献,西方媒体 样生存)符合语境,承接上文,故选A项。 称其为“中国的居里夫人”,故选C项。 4.E 重申关系。根据上文可知,安全回家是贝尔·格里尔斯 7.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句和最后一段后 一直恼记的最重要的事情。E项(它一直是我走出黑暗的指 两句可知,何泽慧淡泊名利,积极献身于中国的科学事业。 路明灯)承接上文,其中That指代上文的gethometomy 所以,她是无私且有献身精神的,故选B项。 family inone piece,故选E项. C 5.B 条件关系。上文讲到,在贝尔·格里尔斯看来,当恐惧来 语篇 主题语境:人与自我/生活与学习,本文为说明文。 临时,要勇敢去面对。此处应是面对恐惧的好处,故选B项。 导读 研究发现,一大批诺贝尔奖获得者是多才多艺的人。 课时作业(二 8.B 推理判断题。根据第一段末句和第二段第二句可知,学 I.完形填空 生们感到惊讶的是梅尔达尔最初的工作领域,故选B项。 9.C 推理判断题。根据第三段末句和第四段第二句可知,可 语篇 主题语境:人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。 以被归类为“博学多才”或“多才多艺”的人是有各种各样兴 导读 本文为记叙文,介绍了爱因斯坦与妻子的相识,相知及 趣爱好的人,故选C项。 妻子对他在学术上的帮助。 10.D 观点态度题。根据倒数第三段首句和倒数第二段首句 1.C 根据空前部分句意“.....对于在物理方面同样的兴趣使 可知,本文作者只是转述鲁特·伯恩斯坦夫妇的发现,因此 得他们两个人走到一起”以及下文“不久,他们相爱了”可知, 作者持客观态度,故选D项。 这里是指他们成为好朋友。 11.A 标题归纳题。本文主要讲的是研究发现,一大批诺贝尔 2.C 根据下文的marriage可知,此处指爱因斯坦要了玛丽兹。 奖获得者是多才多艺的人,这可以说是获得诺贝尔奖的秘 3.D 根据语境可知,他们结婚以后,爱因斯坦投身于相对论的 诀,故选A项(赢得最高奖的秘密)。 研究。 D 4.Ddevote oneself to sth致力于某事,为固定搭配 主题语境:人与自我/学校生活。本文为说明文。 5.C 为了给丈夫提供更多的帮助,玛丽兹放弃(giveup)了自 语篇 埃克塞特大学将推出一个名为魔术和神秘科学文学硕 己的工作。giveoff发出(光和热等);giveout发出,分发 导读 士的新项目。本文主要分析了开设该课程的目的以及 give in屈服。 就业前景。 6. D 根据上文中的...her husbandmore help及下文可知,此处 12.B 细节理解题,根据第三段首句可知,“魔法与神秘科学” 指玛丽兹成为爱因斯坦的贤妻和助手(assistant)。 硕士学位将让学生有机会深入研究世界范围内巫术和魔法 7.B 根据句意“不管什么时侯,只要有可能,玛丽兹都尽力去 的历史和影响,故选B项。 鼓励他”可知,whenever符合语境。 ·185·