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<1>physiology/frziplad3i/
TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE
屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖
n.生理学:生理机能
6 October 2015
2015年10月6日
〈2)co-winner n.共同获
今年的诺贝尔生
奖者
This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or
理学或医学奖授予了
※co此处是名词前缀,
Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-
表示“一起:共同;联合”。
winner2),D whose research led to the
屠呦呦(共同获奖
〈3>artemisinin
discovery of artemisinin,②a crucial new
者),她的研究促成了
/a:trmi:sinin/n.[药]青
treatment for malarias.Artemisinin has saved
青蒿素的发现,这是
蒿素
hundreds of thousands of lives,and has led to
一种治疗疟疾的关键
〈4>crucial/kru1/ad.至
improved?health for millions of people.Over
新药物。青蒿素挽救
关重要的;关键性的
了数十万人的生命,
<5>malaria /malearia/
200 million people around the world get malaria
改善了数百万人的健
.疟疾
each year,and about 600,000 die from it.
康状况。全世界每年
<6>hundreds of thousands
Artemisinin has become a vital part of the
有2亿多人罹患疟疾,
of几十万:无数
treatment for malaria,and 3is thought to save
约60万人死于疟疾。
〈7>improved adj.改进的
100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
〈8>vital/vatl/ad5j.必
青蒿素已成为治疗疟
①此处是非限制性定语从句,其先行词是Tu
不可少的:极其重要的:
疾的重要组成部分,据
充满生机的
Youyou,whose在从句中作research的定语。
信仅在非洲每年它就
<9>committed/kamitid/
②a crucial new treatment for malaria作同位语,
能挽救10万人的生命。
adj.尽心尽力的:坚定
解释说明artemisinin的具体内容。
屠呦呦,一位坚
的:坚信的
③be thought to do sth被认为是做某事,是句型
定而有耐心的科学
※commit/ka'mt/vt.承
It is thought that.…的变形。
家,1930年12月30
诺:保证(某个人、机构
Tu Youyou,a committed and patient
日出生于中国宁波,
等)vi.忠于:全心全意
投入(工作、活动等)
scientist,was born in Ningbo,China,on 30
1955年毕业于北京大
1l0)graduate from毕
December 1930,and graduated from1 Peking
学医学院。毕业后,
业于(…学校)
University Medical School in 1955.After she
她在北京的中国中医
(11>academy /akaedami/
graduated,she worked at the China Academy
研究院工作。1967年,
n.(艺术、文学、科学等
of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In
中国政府组建了一支
的)研究院:学会:专科
1967,the Chinese government formed a team of
以探索疟疾新疗法为
院校
scientists with the objectivez of discovering a
目标的科学家队伍,
academic/,aeka'demik/
屠呦呦是其中首批入
adj.学业的;学术的
new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was
选的研究人员之一。
(12>objective/abd3ektiv/
among 5 the first researchers chosen.In the
一开始,屠呦呦去了
n.目标:目的ad.客观的
beginning,Tu Youyou went to Hainan,Owhere
海南研究疟疾患者,
13>the head of…的
malaria was more common,to study malaria
在那里疟疾更常见。
负责人
patients.In 1969,she became the head of the
14>review ut.复阅:
1969年,她成为北京
project in Beijing,and decided to review
复查
项目的负责人,并决
15>botanical/botaenikl/
ancient Chinese medical texts D to find traditional
定复阅中国古代医学
adj.植物学的
botanical s treatments for the disease.Her team
文献,以寻找这种疾
<16>evaluate/I'vaeljueit/
examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and
病的传统的植物疗
t.评价:评估
evaluated
280,000 plants for their medical
法。她的团队查阅了
<17>property /prppati/
properties.From their research,they discovered and
2000多本古老的医学
.性质:特征;财产
tested 380 distinct1s ancient
Chinese medical
文献,并对28万种植
(18>distinct /drstinkt/
treatments that showed promise1 in the fight
adj,清晰的;清楚的;
物的药用性能进行了
有区别的
against malaria.
评估。在研究中,他
〈19>promise n.获得成
④a committed and patient scientist是Tu Youyou的
们发现并测试了380
功的迹象[熟词生义]
同位语。
种不同的古代中医疗
〈20)suggest doing sth
⑤过去分词chosen作后置定语修饰the first researchers。
法,这些疗法为抗击
建议做某事
<21>extract /ekstraekt/
⑥此处where引导非限制性定语从句,关系词代
疟疾带来了希望。
n.提取物;摘录
替先行词Hainan在定语从句中作地,点状语
本四世纪的医
/k'straekt/t.提取:提
⑦不定式短语作目的状语。
学文献推荐使用青蒿
炼:摘录:(用力)拔出
One medical text from the fourth century
提取物来治疗发烧。
易混:exact ad.精确的:
suggested 20)using the extract 2 from
sweet
屠呦呦的团队测试了
准确的
(22>a collection of
wormwood to treat a fever.Tu's team tested a
一批干青蒿叶,但发
批,一些
collection of dried wormwood2 leaves
but
现没有效果。然后,
<23>wormwood/wa:mwud/
found no effect.3 They then tried boiling
他们尝试把新鲜的青
n.蒿洋艾
fresh
<24)hoil/boil/ut.&vi.
wormwood,and using the liquid 2
蒿煮沸,用从中提取
(使)沸腾:煮开;烧开
obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did
的液体来治疗疟疾,
n.沸腾;沸点
not work 2 either.Their project got stuck 2
但这也不管用。他们
※boiling adj.炽热的,
However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge
的计划陷入了困境
很热的
defeat.She analysed the medical texts again,and
然而,屠呦呦并不承
〈25)liquid/1kwd/n.液
by chance,she found one sentence suggesting a
认失败。她再次分析
体adj.液体的:液态的
※solid n.固体
different way to treat the wormwood.She concluded
了医学文献,偶然发
〈26>obtain/bten/t.(尤
that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently
现了一句话,这句话
指经努力)获得:赢得
destroyed its medical properties.
①Using a
建议用另一种方法来
i.(规章、习俗等)存
lower temperature to draw out the extract,
处理青蒿。她得出结
在;流行
she
〈27)work vi.起作用[熟
found a substance25>that worked.After
论,煮沸青蒿显然破
词生义]
failing more than 190 times,the team finally
坏了它的医疗特性。
〈28)get stuck被卡住
succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team
用较低的温度提取
<29>acknowledge/aknolid3/
members even insisted on testing the medicine
后,她发现了一种有
.承认(属实、权威
on themselves 12to make sure that it was safe.
效的物质。在失败了
等):(公开)感谢
〈30>defeat/dr'fit/n.失
Later,the medicine was tested on malaria
190多次之后,这个团
败:挫败.击败:战胜
patients,3 most of whom recovered.
This
队终于在1971年成功
(31>analyse (NAmE-ze)
medicine,which was called artemisinin,
soon
了。屠呦呦和她的团
/enolaiz/vl.分析
became a standard treatment for malaria.
队成员甚至坚持在
※analysis n.分析
(32>by chance偶然;意
⑧并列的动名词短语作宾语:过去分词短语作定语。
己身上测试药物,以
外地
⑨现在分词短语作定语,修饰one sentence
确保它是安全的。后
<33>apparently/opeerontli/
⑩that引导宾语从句,其中boiling the sweet wormwood
来,这种药物在疟疾
adv.
显而易见:看来:
是动名词短语作从句的主语。
患者身上进行了测
显然
①现在分词短语作方式状语,状语中动作use由
试,大部分受试患者
〈34>draw out抽出:取出
(35>substance/'sAbstons/
句子逻辑主语she发出。
都康复了。这种被称
.物质;物品:事实根据
⑩不定式短语作目的状语,其中that it was safe
为青蒿素的药物很快
(36)insist/in'sist/vi.&
是宾语从句。
成为治疗疟疾的标准
l.坚持;坚决要求
Bmost of whom引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先
药物。
※insist on坚决要求
行词patients。
〈37)team effort团队努
According to Tu Youyou,the discovery of
屠呦呦说,青蒿
力(的结果)
artemisinin was a team effort.Upon hearing
素的发现是一个团队
(38>upon(=on)prep.
that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize.
努力(的结果)。当听
…就…
she said,"The honour is not just mine.There is a
到自己被授子诺贝尔
(39>traditional Chinese
team behind me,and all the people of my
奖时,她说:“这个荣
medicine中医
country.This success proves the great value of
誉不仅仅属于我。在
<40>scientific/saiantifik
traditional Chinese medicine.It is indeed an
我身后有一支团队,
adj.科学(上)的:关于
honour for China's scientifie research and
还有我的国家的全体
科学的
Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
人民。这一成功证明
④that引导宾语从句,其中had been awarded是
了中医的巨大价值。
过去完成时的被动语态形式。
中国的科学研究和中
⑤此处为不定式的复合结构,在该句中作真正的
医药走向世界,确实
主语,t作形式主语
是一种荣誉。”
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(1>numerous/'nju:maras
THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR
一个改变我们对
adj,众多的;许多的
UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE
宇宙理解的男人
(2>make contributions
Albert Einstein,Dwho is perhaps the greatest
阿尔伯特·爱因
t0对…作出贡献
scientist in modern physics,is often considered
斯坦,也许是现代物
〈3)theory/0ari/m.理论;
理学中最伟大的科学
one of the smartest men 2who ever lived.He
学说
家,通常被认为是有
made numerous contributions to the world,3the
史以来最聪明的人之
(4>relativity/relotivati/
most well-known being the general theory of
一。他对世界作出了
n.相对论;相对性
relativity and the famous formula E=mc.
许多贡献,最著名的
<5>formula/fo:mjala/
Einstein was not only a genius;he was a courageous?
是广义相对论和著名
n.公式:方程式:配方
and kind figure loved by many people.
的公式E=m2。爱因
<6>genius /'d3i:nios/n.
①who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Albert
斯坦不仅是个天才,
(pl.geniuses)天才;天
Einstein。
还是个勇敢而善良的
资;天赋
②who引导定语从句,修饰先行词men,who也可
人,受到许多人的喜爱。
〈7)courageous adj.有
换作that。
这位温和的天才
胆量的,勇敢的
③the most well-known后省略了contribution,
于1879年3月14日
〈8>figure n.人物,人士
the most well-known (contribution)being...
出生于德国。16岁
<9>gentle /d3entl/adj.
时,他曾试图去瑞土
“名词十非谓语动词”形式的独立主格结构。
柔的:文静的
上大学,尽管他在数
④过去分词短语作figure的后置定语。
10>exceptional adj.优
学和物理方面取得了
This gentle genius was born in Germany
优异的成绩,但由于
秀的:杰出的
on 14 March 1879.When he was 16,he tried to
入学考试的综合部分
(11>manage to do sth
enter university in Switzerland,but failed due to
分数较低,他未能如
设法做到某事
his low scores in the general part of the entrance
愿。经过又一年的学
<12>patent/'pertnt:peetnt/
exam,despite obtaining exceptional scores in
习,他通过了考试,
n.专利:专利证书:获得
maths and physics.After studying for another
1896年进入大学,
专利adj.有专利的:受
year,he managed to pass the exam,5entering
1900年毕业。
专利保护的
university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.
在找了两年的教
〈13>passion/peejn/,n.酷
⑤现在分词短语作结果状语,表示一种合乎情理、
师工作后,爱因斯坦
爱:激情
顺其自然的结果
在瑞士专利局找到了
(14>doctorate/dpktarat
After two years of looking for work as a
份职员的工作。在
n.博士学位
teacher,Einstein took a job as a clerk in the
那里工作期间,出于
〈l5)miracle n.奇迹
Swiss patent office.While working there,
对知识的强烈热爱,
<16>extraordinary
out of a strong passion for knowledge,he
他继续学习,并于
/Ikstro:dnri:NAmE
1905年获得了物理学
continued to study,earning a doctorate in
博士学位。同年,他
Ik'stro:daneri/adj.不
physics in 1905.That same year,which was later
发表了四篇杰出的物
般的;非凡的;意想不
recorded as a miracle s year in science,he
理学论文,这一年后
到的
published four extraordinary 6 physics papers.
来被称为科学史上的
<17>gradually/graeduali/
Following this,he gradually became famous
奇迹之年。此后,他
adu.逐渐地;逐步地
throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.
逐渐成为举世闻名的
<18>photoelectric/,fautaor'
After four years,he was able to quit his job at the
新艾萨克·牛顿。四
lektrik/adj.光电的
patent office and enter research full-time at a
年后,他辞去了专利局
〈l9>circumstance
的工作,进入一所大学
university.In 1922,he was awarded the 1921
/'sa:komstons/n.[usually
做全职研究。1922年,
Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the
pl.门条件;环境:状况
他因对光电效应的解
photoelectrics effect.
〈20>come to power(开
释而被授予1921年诺
⑥该句是复合句,while working there是“连词十
贝尔物理学奖。
始)掌权:上台
分词”结构的时间状语;earning a doctorate in
1933年,当希特
<21>academic/aekodemik/
physics in1905是现在分词短语作结果状语。
勒在德国掌权时,情
adj.学业的:学术的
⑦现在分词短语作伴随状语。
况发生了变化。爱因
(22>institution/instrtju:fn/
Circumstances changed in 1933,8 when
斯坦是犹太人,他发
n.社会公共机构:制度:
Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein,who
现学术机构的大门对
习俗
他关闭了。结果,他
<23>consequence
was Jewish,9 found the doors of academic
不得不逃离德国。在
/konsikwons,/i.结果:
institutions closed to him.As a consequence
欧洲待了一段时间
后果
he had to flee Germany.After spending time in
后,他终于在美国普
(24>take up a position
Europe,he finally took up a position 2 as a
林斯顿高等研究院担
担任;任职
researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study
任研究员一职。此后,
<25>institute/'institju:t/
in Princeton,USA.Following that,he continued
他继续在物理和数学
方面取得巨大成就。
.(教育、专业等)机构:
to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.
⑧when引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词1933。
在公众眼中,他
机构建筑
看起来有点古怪,但
〈26)slightly adu.轻微地
⑨此处为“find十宾语十宾补”结构。
很善良,也很有趣。
<27)odd-looking ad.相
To the public,he was seen as a slightly
他胡须浓密,头发又
貌奇特的:外表怪异的
odd-looking 27 but kind and funny man.1He had
长又白,有时会像刚
(28>moustacheLespecially
a thick moustache and long white hair,which
遭了电击似的竖起
US mustache ]/ma'sta:f:
sometimes stood on endaas though he had just
来。虽然是个天才,
NAmE 'mAsta∫/n.上唇
received an electric shock.Although he was
但他有时会忘记一些
的胡子:髭
genius,he sometimes forgot things,like his
事情,比如他朋友的
<29>on end竖立起来
生日。尽管他性格古
friends'birthdays.But despite his peculiarities,he
怪,但他深受朋友和
<30>peculiarity
was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is
邻居的喜爱。甚至还
/pl,kju:li'eroti/n.个性;
even a story about 1how he helped a little girl
有一个关于他如何帮
特点;怪异的性质
who knocked on his door and asked for help with
助一个小女孩的故
<31>encounter/inkaunto(r)/
her homework.In fact,Einstein often encountered
事。这个女孩敲了他
比.偶然碰到:遇到n.邂
people on the street who would stop him and ask him
的门,请求他帮她做
逅;遭遇
to help explain things.After many such occasions,he
家庭作业。事实上,爱
4
(32>be mistaken for被
finally started saying,“Pardon me!Sorry!
因斯坦经常在街上遇
误认为…:被误解为
Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!"
到一些人,他们会拦
<33>professor/profesa(r)/
住他,请他帮忙解释
①本句是复合句,which引导非限制性定语从句,
n.教授
一些事情。经过多次
〈34)pass away去世(委
修饰先行词hair;as though引导方式状语从句,
这样的场合后,他终于
婉说法)
使用了虚拟语气。
开口说:“对不起!对不
〈35)moum/mn/t.&.i.
起!我总是被误认为是
①此处为宾语从句,作介词about的宾语
爱因斯坦教授!”
哀悼;忧伤
On 18 April 1955,12 it was reported that
在1955年4月
(36>brilliant adj.杰出
Einstein had passed away,and the whole world
18日,据报道爱因斯
的:才华横溢的
mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
坦去世了,全世界都
为一位杰出科学家的
it是形式主语,that引导主语从句,作真正的主语。
逝世而哀悼。
UNIT
LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE
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课文翻译
1)switch/swtj/vl.转
SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER
智能家居让生活更轻松
换:交换vi.&vl.(使)
改变;转变.开关;转
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of
你有没有曾忘记
换器;改变
your house?Or,have you ever forgotten to
锁门?或者,你曾经
〈2>lead to导致:通向
switch off the TV or computer?These kinds of
忘记关掉电视或电脑
(to是介词)
吗?这种事情经常发
〈3)distant/distont/ad.遥
things happen to us all the time,waste resources,and
生在我们身上,浪费
远的;远处的:疏远的;
can sometimes lead to problems.However,in
资源,有时还会导致
心不在焉的
the not-too-distant future,Dwe will be living
问题。然而,在不远
<4>secure/sI'kjua (r)/
adj.安全的:安心的:
in smart homes that will lock the door for us
的将来,我们将生活
可靠的:牢固的t.获
when we are away and remember to switch off
在智能家居中。当我
得:拴牢;保护
the TV when we forget.These smart homes will
们外出时,智能家居
<5>Intelligent Controls
2keep us secure,save us energy,and provide a
会为我们锁门,当我
智能控制
〈6>knob/nnb/n.旋钮:
more comfortable environment 3to live in.
们忘记关电视时,智
球形把手
①此句为主从复合句。其中that引导定语从句;
能家居会记得关掉
<7>appliance/o'plaions/
在定语从句中又含有两个并列谓语will lock和
它。这些智能家居将
n.电器:器具
保证我们的安全,为
(8>remote control遥控
(will)remember…,每个谓语后面有when引导
我们节省能源,并为
器:遥控
的时间状语从句。
我们提供一个更舒适
※remote/rm'mat/ad5.远
②此处为“keep十宾语十宾补”结构,此处宾补由
的居住环境。
程的;偏远的
形容词充当。
智能控制
<9>automatic/,ata'meetik/
adj.自动的
③动词不定式to live in作定语,修饰environment,.
今天,我们必须
<10>integrated/intigrertid/
由于live是不及物动词,介词in不可省略。
使用电灯的开关,电
adj.各部分密切协调的;
Intelligent Controls
器的旋钮,电视和空
综合的
调的遥控器。在未
integrate/'intigrent/
Today,we have to use switches for our
来,我们将每天使用
i.&t.(使)合并;成
lights,knobs for our appliances,and remote
为一体
先进的技术来自动控
controls s for our TVs and air conditioners.In the
〈11〉sensor/senso(r)/
制我们家里的一切。
n.传感器;敏感元件
future,we will be using advanced technology every
未来的家庭将使用集
〈12)energy-efficient adj.节
day for automatic control of just about
成的传感器来告诉你
能的,节约能源的:高能
everything in our home.The future home will use
每天早上什么时候离
效的
integrated 1 sensors to tell when you leave
开家,然后自己进入
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