Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（学生用书）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE Section I Learning About Language 语法慧学提升语言能力 答案精解P 动词ing形式作宾语和表语 (二)作动词的宾语 探究发现 > 1.一些及物动词之后只能接动词ing形式作宾 1.Jack hurried to the booking office,only to be 语，不能接不定式。可用以下口诀帮助记忆： told that all the tickets had been sold out. avoid,miss,delay/put off避免错过少延期 2.Seeing his mother,the little boy cried out. suggest,.finish,practise建议完成多练习 3.Our duty is to help the young children to grow enjoy,imagine,can't help喜欢想象禁不住 better. admit,deny,envy承认否定与嫉妒 4.Our work is serving the people. escape,risk,excuse逃避冒险莫原谅 5.People want to know who Mona Lisa is and stand,keep,mind忍受保持不介意 why she is smiling. 此外，feel like,devote to,be/get used to, 6.Built in 1970,the exhibition hall has a 50-year object to,set about,insist on,pay attention history. to,stick to,be busy (in),have difficulties/ [自我感知] trouble(in)等动词短语后也接动名词作宾语。 1.句3,4中黑体部分作 句5中 I avoided mentioning the subject in case he 黑体部分作 should be offended. 2.句1,2、6中黑体部分作 我回避提及这个问题，以免冒犯他。 [点津]下面短语后接动词-ing形式，其中to 要义详析 为介词。 一、动词-ing形式作宾语 be used to习惯于 devote oneself to献身于 动词ig形式作宾语只能用动名词形式。 get down to开始做look forward to期待 动名词既可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。 stick to坚持 lead to导致 (一)作介词的宾语 pay attention to注意 介词后需用动名词作宾语。“动词（十名词 2.以下及物动词后既可接不定式又可接动词-ig 副词)十介词”“名词十介词”“形容词十介词”结 形式作宾语，但两者意义上有区别。 构后常用动名词作宾语。 动词 宾语的形式 意义 When it comes to adopting this homeless child, to do 忘记要做… forget the couple were wild with joy.当谈到收养这个 doing 忘记做过… 无家可归的孩子时，这对夫妇欣喜若狂。 to do 记得要做… remember There is no hope of winning the game. doing 记得做过… 仍然没有赢得比赛的希望。 to do 遗憾/抱款要做… regret She was fond of speaking French.她喜欢讲法语。 doing 后悔做过… ·67 英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案 (续表) 5.有些动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示 动词 宾语的形式 意义 被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。如 to do 尽力做…… need/want/require/deserve doing相当于need/ try doing 尝试做… want/require/deserve to be done. to do 打算做… The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. mean doing 意味着… 这辆自行车需要修一下。 to do 接着做（另外一件事） go on 6.用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词-ing形式。 doing 接着做（同一件事） 其结构为：sb+动词+it十adj,/n.+doing to do 停下来去做（另一件事） stop 常用动词有：think,consider,find,feel, doing 停止做某事 believe等。 to do 不能帮着去做某事 can't help I found it useless/no use crying about it. doing 禁不住做某事 我发现因为这件事哭泣没用。 I regret not working hard. Do you feel it difficult trying again? 我后悔没有努力学习。 再来一遍你觉得难吗？ I regret to hear of your sister's death. [即时训练1门一单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译 听到你姐姐去世的消息，我很遗憾。 I can't help to clean the house with so much (1)(2023·全国乙)As a photographer,I have work to do. spent the last two years (record) 有太多工作要做，我不能帮着收拾屋子。 everything I discovered. She can't help laughing at the thought of the (2)-The light in the office is still on. joke he told her. Oh,I forgot (turn)it off. 一想到他讲的笑话，她禁不住大笑。 (3)Would you mind (move)the 3.在有些动词后面，如start,begin,continue box for me? 等，既可接动词-ig形式也可接不定式作宾 (4)We are all looking forward to 语，两者意义区别不大。 (visit)the museum soon. They continued working/to work as if nothing (5)He doesn't really mean (work) had happened. here,which means (leave)the 他们继续工作，像什么也没发生过一样。 job soon afterwards. 4.在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后接动词 (6)The deer was lucky and it just missed ig形式作宾语指经常性的动作，接不定式作 (catch)by the hunter. 宾语指具体的动作。 He preferred staying in the house when it (7)Learning that a Chinese painting exhibition rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。（用动词-ing will be held,I 形式作宾语，指每逢下雨天经常待在家里。) (忍不住想做一名志愿者). He prefers to stay at home this afternoon. (8)这个窗户需要清扫了。 (用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家 ① 里这一具体的动作。) ② ·68 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE 二、动词-ing形式作表语 Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now? 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动 你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？ 名词 [即时训练2]一判断动词-ing的类型/单句语 1.现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说 法填空 明主语的性质，特征等。作表语的现在分词， A.动名词 B.现在分词 许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动 (1)My hobby is collecting stamps. 词变化而来的。常见的有moving,interesting: (2)What you said is really inspiring. encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring, (3)What I am tired of is waiting here alone. surprising,puzzling.amusing.astonishing 等，这类分词表示“令人…的”，常修饰物。 (4)It is quite a move)story. The news that you will come to China this isn't it? summer vacation is exciting. (5)His main task is (sell)smart 这个暑假你要来中国的消息是令人兴奋的。 blackboard at the moment. The argument is very convincing. (6)In my opinion,the ending of the movie is 这个论点很令人信服。 (bore). [点津]不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但 (7)The match looked very competitive but the 不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生 result was (disappoint). 的动作。动词-ed形式作表语表示外因使之具 (8)The most important thing now is 备的性质和特征，意为“感到…的”。 (find)a place to live in. My wish is to find a part-time job this summer. 跟踪检测 >》 我的愿望是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作。 I was disappointed at this decision. I,用所给动词的适当形式填空 我对这个决定感到失望。 1.My father suggested read 2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动 more books in my spare time. 作，一般说明主语的内容。 2.To avoid (see)by the teacher, Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean Tony stole into the classroom by the back door. as possible.=Keeping the lecture hall as clean 3.The girl stopped (run)and as possible is her job. picked up a wallet from the ground. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 4.Mr Lee devoted many years to [温馨提示]动名词的复合结构有四种形式： (improve)the system. 1,形容词性物主代词十动名词 5.Some of the children are shy and they have some 2.名词s十动名词 difficulty in (make)friends. 3.代词宾格十动名词 6.The employee who had a high fever finally agreed 4.名词十动名词 (ask)permission for a half day's What made all of us worried was his/Jack's leave to have a good rest. not getting to the station on time,他/杰克设有 7.I still remember (invite)to dinner 准时到车站让我们所有人都很担心。 in Kitty's house when I was only five years old. ·69* 英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案 8.When I was a young boy,I loved 2.你知道我最喜欢的运动是打篮球。 (climb)trees. As you know,my favourite sport is 9.Seeing the funny scene,I can't help (laugh). 3.让他不高兴的是他把他最喜欢的自行车弄丢了。 10.The windows haven't been cleaned for a long What has made him unhappy is time.They need (clean). 11.The key to successful small talk is 4.很多人都建议制定更多规则以保护动物权益。 (learn)how to connect with others,not just Many people have suggested communicate with them. to protect animal rights. 12.As far as I'm concerned,the result is very 5.人们认为这部电影将不仅有意义，而且很有趣。 (disappoint). It is believed that the movie 13.Fast food is full of fat and salt:by (eat)more fast food people will get more salt Ⅲ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 and fat than they need in their diet. With the world 1. (become)a 14.By comparison.his worst habit is global village,Chinese has become a second (watch)TV while having dinner. language in the international world.2. 15.It was a really (terrify)experience. (spread)Chinese traditional culture has become Afterwards,everybody was very a popular trend.While many foreigners find it (shock). hard 3. (learn)Chinese at first, 16.Little Alice looked forward to they will gradually enjoy it.4. (stay)with her grandparents in the countryside (learn)Chinese traditional culture enables them in summer. 5. (understand)China better.As a Ⅱ.语法与写作 Chinese high school student,it is our responsibility 1,我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。 6. (tell)Chinese stories and learn I appreciate Chinese culture well.We should spare no effort to study abroad two years ago. (let)the world know China better. 语基输入 助力语言输出 答案精解P T(教材Po)His lack of eye contact when talking (2022·全国乙书面表达)Because of their lack with people shows that he lacks confidence. of self-discipline,they're more easily addicted 他与人交谈时缺乏眼神交流，说明他缺乏自信。 to chatting online or playing games.由于缺乏自 。lack".设有：缺乏n.缺乏；短缺的东西 律，他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。 [融会练通]一单句语法填空 ①for lack of 因缺乏… (1) (lack)self-confidence,he dared a lack of 缺乏… not take part in the speech competition. ②lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 (2)As we all know, lack of formal be lacking in 缺少 education will limit your job opportunities. ·70· UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE (3)Although she is rich in knowledge,she is 3(教材P,u)We intended to visit the theme park (lack)in practical experience. but ended up calling on Professor Zhang.我们原 [习作练笔] 一句多译 打算参观主题公园，但最后却拜访了张教授。 (4)由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比 。call on(短暂地)访问：要求（某人讲话等）： 赛中将很难取胜。 正式邀请：号召 ① we will have great trouble in winning the coming call at 拜访（某地） match.(介词短语作状语) call in 召集：请来 ② we will call back 回电话：收回 have great trouble in winning the coming call for 需要：要求：接（人或物） match.(现在分词短语作状语》 call off 取消 2(教材Pw)We make assessments and inferences call up 给…打电话：使…想起 from body language. [联想]除call on和call at之外，表示“拜访”的 我们从肢体语言中做出评估和推论。 短语还有： assessment n.评价：评定 ①drop in on sb顺便拜访某人 ①make an assessment of 评估… ②drop in at sp顺便拜访某地 ②assess l.评定：评估：评价 ③pay a visit to sb/sp拜访某人/某地 assess sth at 估价为… (以文助写)The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily. Some agencies,which have the right to make an 政府号召青年义务献血。 assessment of the house.will assess a house at a [融会练通]一用call的相关短语填空 reasonable price.一些有权对房屋进行评估的机 (1)I'm going to one of my 构将会以合理的价格评估房屋。 former classmates. [融会练通]一单句语法填空 (2)The teacher's praise (1)Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous of my mother's encouragement. (assess)because it gives a fairer (3)As we all know,success picture of how the student has done during the much hard work. whole year. (4)The game was because of (2)They assessed the value of the house the bad weather. over$250,000. [习作练笔]—补全句子 [习作练笔]一补全句子 (5)在地球日的前一周，我们学校里贴满了海 (3)我建议我们对测试和考试采取积极的态度， 因为它们迫使我们复习，并允许我们评估自己 报，号召我们保护环境。 的表现。 A week before Earth Day,posters were put up around our school, I suggest we adopt a positive attitude to tests and exams since they force us to revise and allow us 友情提示完成P1课时作业（十一）6.take route 937 directly to Qingdao Fangte Fantasy Kingdom 2.(1)to ask:(should)ask (2)appropriately (3)appropriate 第三步：句式升级 (4)it is appropriate for parents to quit 7.shows the characteristics of the theme with advanced technology. 3.(1)by/in contrast (2)in contrast to (3)attending (4)of creating a fantasy and creative magical world (5)approval (6)Dgave his approval to us approved of us 8.combined with a giant 3D sereen take visitors on a journey to 4.(1)has witnessed (2)having seen (3)to explore the secrets of life evolution and civilization development (4)witnessed a poorly dressed boy selling (5)to buy 9.so many various delicious foods that it will surely satisfy your (6)unemployed (7)employee (8)employment particular tastes (9)was employed in 第四步：连句成篇 (10)If I am lucky enough to be employed One possible version: 5.(1)from:in (2)different (3)makes no difference Qingdao Fangte Fantasy Kingdom shows the characteristics (4)makes a big difference of the theme with advanced technology,creating a fantasy and 6.(1)favourable (2)favourite (3)in favour of my opinion creative magical world. (4)ask a favour of you/ask you a favour The main park contains more than 200 theme projects. (5)do us a favour amusement projects.leisure and landscape projeets.Many big 7.(1)(谈判)失败(2)（身体）垮掉(3)（机器）损坏 performances combined with a giant 3D sereen take visitors on a (4)(化学)分解(5)broken into(6)broke in journey to explore the seerets of life evolution and civilization (7)was about to break down (8)broke out;break away from development.There are so many various delicious foods that it 8.(1)happier (2)better (3)No one is more hard-working will surely satisfy your particular tastes.Come to Qingdao than her (4)nothing is more important than health Fangte Fantasy Kingdom to start your dream journey! 9.(1)on/upon (2)reliable (3)Orely on me to help you From Qingdao north auto station,take route 937 directly to 2rely on it that I will help you rely on my helping you Qingdao Fangte Fantasy Kingdom. Section Learning About Language 实战演练 One possible version: 语法慧学·提升语言能力 Dear Henry, [自我感知] I'm happy to receive your letter.Knowing that you're 1.表语，宾语2.状语 coming to China and want to visit a theme park,I'm writing to 要义详析 extend my warm welcome and share my recommendation. [即时训练] Personally.Shanghai Disneyland is an ideal place for you.It 1.(1)recording (2)to turn (3)moving (4)visiting brings you into a magical world where you can enjoy a wonderful (5)to work;leaving (6)being caught (7)can't help being a experience.You will wander around a fantasy world and meet volunteer (8)DThe window needs/requires/wants cleaning. your favourite Disney eartoon characters.Moreover.Shanghai 2The window needs/requires/wants to be cleaned. Disneyland has many exciting rides.from pirate ships to terrifying 2.(1)A (2)B (3)A (4)moving (5)selling (6)boring free-fall drops.In addition.there are lots of entertainment (7)disappointing (8)finding activities and performances every day.You can't miss them. 跟踪检测 If you have any other questions,do let me know.I hope I,用所给动词的适当形式填空 you'll have fun in China! 1.reading 2.being seen 3.running 4.improving 5.making Yours. 6.to ask 7.being invited 8.climbing 9.laughing Li Hua 10.cleaning/to be cleaned 11.learning/to learn UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE 12.disappointing 13.eating 14.watching 15.terrifying:shocked 16.staying Section I Reading and Thinking Ⅱ，语法与写作 1.having been given the opportunity 课文研读·发展思维品质 2.playing basketball Step One I.C Il Paras.1~6 DCAEB 3.losing his favourite bike Step Two 1~4 BADB 4.setting up more rules Step Three I.l,并列：定语2.主：定语：谓：宾语3.宾语 5.will be not only meaningful but also interesting lI.1.communication 2.what 3.appropriately 4.to display Ⅲ，用所给动词的适当形式填空 5.is approved 6.are 7.the 8.situations 9.smiling 1.becoming 2.Spreading 3.to learn 4.Learning 10.than 5.to understand 6.to tell 7.to let 语基输入·助力语言输出 语基输入·助力语言输出 1.(1)varies (2)various (3)various/varieties of/a variety of 1.(1)Lacking (2)a (3)lacking (4)varying from Chinese stories to English stories (4)DFor lack of enough training Lacking enough training 176 2.(1)assessment (2)at 第四步：连句成篇 (3)to assess/make an assessment of how we are doing One possible version: 3.(1)call on (2)called up (3)calls for (4)called off Body language is one of the most powerful means of (5)calling on us to protect our environment communication.It plays a great role in communicating with SectionⅢ Using Language others.When talking with others,we can not just use words but also use facial expressions and body movements. 课文研读·发展思维品质 Body language varies from country to country.As a result. I.1~4 CDBA it is important to know the meaning of gestures and movements Il.1.educator 2.to recognise 3.tendency 4.lowered in a foreign country.Using body language in a correct way will 5.amused 6.that 7.it 8.are troubled 9.individually make us easily understood in a foreign country. 10.an In a word.I think it necessary to learn and use body language 语基输入·助力语言输出 in our daily life. 1.(1)In a/one word (2)keep your word (3)broken his word 2.(1)tendeney (2)to/towards (3)to post 实战演练 (4)There is a growing tendency for teenagers to read books One possible version: (5)who tended my mother in the hospital The Benefits of Smile 3.(1)Not all of us are fond of 2are not fond of (2)Not Smiling is of great benefit to us in many ways.The benefits every student (3)None of the students (4)None of us of smiling are as follows: 4.(1)at (2)constantly staring at this wall that faced me Firstly,smiling can reduce stress.Even listening to others' (3)stood there glaring at (4)stared the stranger up and down laughter and seeing smiling faces can help you feel calm and 5.(1)distinguished (2)from (3)distinguishes herself as relaxed.Secondly.smiling strengthens your immune system. 6.(1)Anxiously;anxiety (2)Anxious about the coming exam which enables you to fight against various diseases.Lastly, (3)were anxious to camp out (4)taken (5)burning smiling contributes to improving your mood.Next time you are (6)be taken (7)have an important thing to deal with feeling down,try putting on a smile.There's a good chance that 7.(1)embarrassed:embarrassing your mood will change for the better. (2)embarrassment (3)feel embarrassed about/at Therefore,no matter what happens,please keep smiling (4)Embarrassed and guilty:tears rolling down her cheeks every day. (5)of (6)to tell (7)It's a shame that (8)So ashamed was I that 8.(1)with/about (2)inviting/to invite UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND (3)won't bother you much 9.(1)conflicts (2)in (3)come into conflict with/conflict with Section I Reading and Thinking 10.(1)adjustments (2)adjustable (3)adjust to 课文研读·发展思维品质 (4)had a hard time adjusting to Step One I.D II.Paras.1~6 CDAEFB 11.(1)to (2)reactions (3)react with big,happy smiles Step Two 1~4 BCCD Section V Writing-一描述肢体语言 Step Three1.1.主语：表语：并列2.状语：定语 以读促写 3.形式主语：that从句：定：并列4.状语：宾语 lI.1.Learning 2.graduation 3.to produce 4.difficulties [微写作] 5.that 6.greatly 7.is comprised 8.but 9.wealthy 1.(1)Have you ever planted trees (2)Do you agree (that) 10.of (3)who do you think (4)why not consider 语基输入·助力语言输出 2.(1)turned to face him (2)lowered his head (3)he frowned (4)yawned with one hand over his mouth 1.(1)as if he had seen a ghost (2)as fast as lightning 3.(1)felt proud of her (2)can we enjoy life (3)nodded in the breeze (4)is a map of time 佳作构建 (5)sitting on pins and needles (6)helping (7)Devoted 第二步：由词扩句 (8)devotion (9)DDevoting himself to 2Devoted to 2.(1)what (2)is (3)What worried/concerned 1.is one of the most powerful means of communication 2.plays a great role in (4)What matters most 3.use words and facial expressions 3.(1)to support (2)of (3)convincing (4)convinced 4.varies from country to country (5)Convinced that Li Hua has the ability to do the job 5.It is important to know the meaning of gestures and movements 4.(1)be attained;attainable:to attain 6.make us easily understood in a foreign country (2)attained his goal of playing for the national team 7.it is necessary to learn and use body language 5.(1)assumption (2)Assuming (3)It is assumed that 第三步：句式升级 6,(1)膨张(2)增加(3)扩展(4)expansion(5)on/upon 8.When talking with others,we can not just use words but also (6)to (7)expanded my view use facial expressions and body movements. 7.(1)estimated (2)it is estimated that (3)comprised 9.I think it necessary to learn and use body language in our daily life. (4)①made up of②comprised of③composed of④nsisting of ·177·