Unit 1 Encyclopaedias【A卷·提升卷】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元速记·巧练（深圳专用，沪教牛津版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias（A卷·提升卷） （时间：70分钟，满分：75分） 第1部分 选择题部分 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Everybody knows that Edison is a famous scientist who invented the electric light bulb. But maybe fewer people have 1 his being kind and forgiving towards others. The following is a true story about him. At one point in his experiments, Edison had at last 2 a working bulb—the final result of hundreds of trials. It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made, and Edison was full of 3 . He had dreamed of this moment for years. “Take it upstairs, Jimmy,” he said, handing it to his assistant, Jimmy Price. 4 there was a crash, and Edison turned around to see that his precious bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces on the floor. Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers 5 . Edison said nothing, but everyone can imagine what his thoughts were. He went back to his work table and set to work once more to make another 6 . A few days later, a new bulb was finally ready. There it 7 on the table in front of its maker, fully completed. Then Edison did a very big thing. With a smile, he handed the new bulb to Jimmy. “Be careful this time,” he said. He was giving the young man another 8 . Jimmy did not break it, so we have millions of bulbs in the world today. As a proverb says, “Not the power to 9 , but its very opposite, the power to forget, is a necessary condition for our existence.” Life is too short and no one is 10 . If we can forgive those who have hurt us, we will have a better life. 1．A．heard about B．worried about C．brought about D．looked about 2．A．sold B．produced C．accepted D．checked 3．A．hope B．anxiety C．pride D．surprise 4．A．Luckily B．Excitingly C．Finally D．Suddenly 5．A．sadly B．angrily C．carelessly D．carefully 6．A．fan B．bulb C．phone D．book 7．A．learned B．held C．put D．lay 8．A．chance B．hand C．reason D．talk 9．A．receive B．remember C．keep D．improve 10．A．strong B．nice C．bad D．perfect 2、 阅读理解 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从11～25各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A During the Jin Dynasty (265—420), there was a child named Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and didn’t have enough money for lamp oil to study at night. One night, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this. Another child named Sun Kang also loved reading. One night during winter, Sun used up all his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he woke up at night, he saw the snow reflecting (反射) the moonlight outside his house. “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” he thought. He took out his books and read, even though he was freezing cold. Both of the kids later became successful government officials (政府官员). People were moved because of their hard-working spirit (精神) and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom (成语) nangying yingxue. Present Xi Jinping once told these stories at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央党校). He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang. All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind. All of us can learn a lot from these stories. Although they don’t take place in modern times, they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge. 11．Why did Che Yin collect fireflies? A．Because fireflies are bright enough for him to read. B．Because he wanted to do an experiment. C．Because he wanted to play with them for fun. D．Because he wanted to show them to his friends. 12．What did Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They liked nature and animals. B．They were rich and they liked to read. C．They worked very hard and became successful. D．They became teachers. 13．How many idioms are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 14．What is the purpose of President Xi Jinping to talk about the stories? A．He hopes that government officials can read more books. B．He hopes that government officials can keep the hard-working spirit in mind. C．He hopes that more people can become government officials. D．He hopes that all people can learn more knowledge. 15．What is the best title for the passage? A．Read More and Become Successful B．Work Hard at Night C．Road to Knowledge D．Old Stories, Hard-working Spirits B “I killed the wrong goose,” a man complained (抱怨) in his letter to the editor s of the Xinhua Dictionary. It was the 1970s. The man, a goose farmer, wanted to kill a male goose. However, he didn’t know the difference between male and female geese, so he turned to the dictionary for help. “Goose: a kind of poultry (家禽),” it read. “The males have a yellow bump (突起物) on their head.” The man chose a goose that matched the description (描述). But when he opened its stomach, many eggs poured out onto the counter, and the man was angry. The dictionary entry (条目) wasn’t totally wrong. However, it didn’t make it clear that all geese have a yellow bump on their head. Males just have bigger ones. The dictionary’s editors corrected the mistake in the next edition (版本). Since its birth in 1953, the Xinhua Dictionary has been used as an encyclopedia (百科全书) by people across China. More than 600 million copies have been sold. Few books have remained so popular for so many years. When the dictionary first came out, the name Xinhua bore the hope of a country reborn. In 1949, about 80 percent of China’s population was uneducated. The Xinhua Dictionary succeeded in opening up knowledge to millions of Chinese people. “I got my first dictionary in 1971, and I still treasure it,” said a saleswoman in her 50s. “I had no education when I was little. The dictionary helped me get into high school.” Over the past 50 years, the dictionary has been revised many times.“鲟 (sturgeon)” was once explained as “edible (可食用的).” Later editions made it clear that it was “an animal in danger.” Similarly, “豹 (leopards)” are no longer described as “wild animals whose fur can be made into clothes.” Recent editions have included many new explanations. The character “晒” (to dry something under the sun), for example, now has a second meaning: to share. Popular expressions like “初心” (original intention) and “点赞” (give somebody a thumbs up) have also been added to the dictionary. In a way, Xinhua hasn’t just explained words; it has shaped the way Chinese people think. “Primary school compositions across China are similar,” read a 2010 article in Southern Weekly. “When children write about a spring outing, the sky is always’ cloudless for ten thousand miles.’ They will always’ sing and dance’ on the way.” “Both sentences,” the article added, “are based on examples in the Xinhua Dictionary.” 16．The man killed the wrong goose because ________. A．the dictionary was totally wrong B．he didn’t follow the dictionary C．the description in the dictionary was not clear D．male and female geese are of no difference 17．Paragraph 6 mainly talks about the ________ of the Xinhua Dictionary. A．popularity B．birthday C．price D．future 18．The writer mentioned the woman in her 50s to show the Xinhua Dictionary ________. A．has sold well over the past 50 years B．has been corrected little by little C．has provided people with high school education D．has brought knowledge to many Chinese people 19．Which of the following has a second meaning in the new editions? A．鲟 B．豹 C．晒 D．初心 20．The writer’s writing purpose is to ________. A．sell the Xinhua Dictionary B．shape the way Chinese people think C．list the examples in the Xinhua Dictionary D．introduce the influence of the Xinhua Dictionary C Chinese scientists have discovered a new kind of dinosaur that lived 200 million years ago in what is today Southwest China’s Yunnan Province. The scientists plan to carry out further research into how the dinosaur moved and its family relationships. Some fossils of the dinosaur were found several years ago in Yuxi, Yunnan Province, but they were not enough to make sure what kind of dinosaurs they are. However, the recent discovery has provided enough fossil materials to identify it as Asia’s earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs(覆盾甲龙) for the first time. The research team at the School of Life Sciences in Yunnan University has their research printed in the magazine e-Life. “It is such a meaningful discovery that our team can’t wait to have a deep research on it. The newly found dinosaur will be good for our study of the living environment after disappearance of some creatures from 250 million BC to 200 million BC,” said Xu Xing, one of the researchers. According to the study, the dinosaur was about 3 meters long with four legs. At the same time, it could use its two front legs to catch the leaves of plants when needed. Recent study has shown that this dinosaur’s group spread rapidly, reaching all around the world within 10,000 years. Besides, the fossils provide evidence(证据) for how the different parts of the Earth moved at that time. The team plans to take some parts from the fossil to study how the dinosaur grew and to build a 3D model to study how it moved. “The current fossil is still not fully complete. After we fill in the missing pieces, we can also make a 3D printed model for public education. Yunnan is the kingdom of dinosaurs, so we believe that other unnamed dinosaurs will also be discovered in this place” said Xu. 21．When did the newly found dinosaur lived? A．10,000 years ago. B．200 million years ago. C．250 million years ago. D．20,000 years ago. 22．What does the discovery bring to the researchers? A．Some ffossils found in Yunnan University. B．Some reasons for the disappearance of dinosaurs. C．A chance to learn the future environment. D．A record as the earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs in Asia. 23．Which of the following statement is true? A．Some fossils of the dinosaur were found in Hunan Province. B．The research team has their research printed in the magazine e-Life. C．According to the study, the dinosaur was about 30 meters long with four legs. D．This dinosaur’s group reached all around the world within 100,000 years. 24．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．They team will make a 3D film about the dinosaur. B．They team will find all the dinosaurs in Yunnan Province. C．They team will make the dinosaur model educational. D．They team will study why the dinosaur is not fully complete. 25．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 三、阅读还原（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下列短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整。其中有一项是多余的。 At the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, people cheered when China’s Tong Xin finished her taijijian moves. On Sept. 24, she won the women’s taijiquan and taijijian all-round gold. This amazing achievement not only showed her outstanding abilities but also made people from all over the world impressed by the beauty of Asian Games. 26 These events, like taijijian, are from different countries and cultures across Asia. This makes the Asian Games interesting. 27 Wushu Chinese Wushu first came about in the Shang and Zhou dynasties (16th century – 256 BC). 28 Modern Wushu has two parts: taolu and sanda. Wushu was included in the Asian Games in 1990. Kabaddi (卡巴迪) Kabaddi is a traditional folk sport from India. 29 The sport looks like the game “eagle catching chickens”. You only need a place to play it, nothing else. The place should be 13 meters long and 10 meters wide. Sepak takraw (藤球) Sepak takraw first became popular in Southeast Asia. It is like the traditional Chinese game of shuttlecock kicking (踢毽子). 30 This is because players need to use not only their head, knees and chest but also their feet to move the ball. A．It is also called “kick volleyball”. B．Here are some of the special sports. C．It has a history of more than 4,000 years. D．It is an important part of Chinese culture. E．There are many people watching the competition. F．The Asian Games have more events than the Olympics. 四、阅读匹配（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种百科全书。请根据 Luke, Stella, Jay, Clair 和 Olivia 的喜好或者需求，向他们推荐合适的书籍。 A．Encyclopedia of Knots and Fancy Rope Work     This is the greatest book on knots and rope work ever published, yet it is for anyone from eight to eighty. More than 3,600 knots are described. B．The Concise Animal Encyclopedia     This fantastic encyclopedia contains more than 2000 animals of all types from the smallest animal to the biggest. C． A Pocket Dictionary of Foods & Culinary Encyclopedia     This classic book contains a complete encyclopedia of dishes and drinks. It is perfect for cooking lovers and would make for a handy addition to kitchen collections. D．The Arts: A Visual Encyclopedia     From ancient paintings to modern-day street art, this art book for children traces the development of painting, and photography through the ages. E. The Encyclopedia of Gardening It is a dictionary of plants, trees, shrubs, fruits, vegetables, and greenhouse plants, and much more. You may be attracted by the new introduction on the history of gardening. F. Three-Wheelers A-Z     This book tells the amazing story of three-wheelers, including bubble cars, microcars, kit cars and so on. You can find different types of three-wheelers from 1940 to date. ______31．Luke is going to write a report on the development of cars with three wheels. ______32．Stella wants to learn to make a Chinese knot for her friend’s coming birthday. ______33．Jay wants to keep a pet and would like to know more about animals before that. ______34．Clair will hold a party to celebrate the new year. She needs some tips about cooking. ______35．Olivia is going to move to a new house this February. She has a garden to look after. 第二部分 非选择题部分 五、语法填空 （本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 China has a long history, and many stories are h 36 in ancient books, such as Shan Hai Jing, or Classic of M37． and Seas. It is a fantastic geographical and cultural record of the pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology (神话). It was once thought that mythical characters such as Yu the Great or Boyi wrote the book. However, the general agreement a 38 modern scholars (学者) is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer, but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the b 39 of the Han dynasty. The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain. There is nothing more attractive in Shan Hai Jing than the mysterious monsters described in it. Here are some e 40 . On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal w 41 looks like a long-tailed ape, but it has white ears. It crouches as it moves along and it runs like a human. Its name is the live-lively. If you eat it, you’ll be a good runner. There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu. It looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its cry is s 42 to that of a baby. If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad s 43 . A 44 there is a bird in Mount Base. It looks like a chicken, but it has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won’t keep falling asleep.These monsters give readers a look at the ancients’ understanding and imagination of some unknown things. As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, Shan Hai Jing is attractive w 45 doubt. It is an encyclopedia (百科全书) that can show ancient social life. 六、书面表达（15分） 46．根据下面表格中所提供的信息，写出Helen Keller （海伦凯勒 著名作家）的成长经历，可适当发挥。80~100词。 When What How to learn from her 1880 was born in America (1) Study hard; (2) Never give up; (3) Hold on to our dreams(坚持梦想) 6 months old can say a few words 2 years old become badly ill, can not see, hear or talk 6 years old learn to read with her fingers grown-up become a famous writer, her famous book—The Story of My Life 1968 died ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Encyclopaedias（A卷·提升卷） （时间：70分钟，满分：75分） 第1部分 选择题部分 一、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Everybody knows that Edison is a famous scientist who invented the electric light bulb. But maybe fewer people have 1 his being kind and forgiving towards others. The following is a true story about him. At one point in his experiments, Edison had at last 2 a working bulb—the final result of hundreds of trials. It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made, and Edison was full of 3 . He had dreamed of this moment for years. “Take it upstairs, Jimmy,” he said, handing it to his assistant, Jimmy Price. 4 there was a crash, and Edison turned around to see that his precious bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces on the floor. Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers 5 . Edison said nothing, but everyone can imagine what his thoughts were. He went back to his work table and set to work once more to make another 6 . A few days later, a new bulb was finally ready. There it 7 on the table in front of its maker, fully completed. Then Edison did a very big thing. With a smile, he handed the new bulb to Jimmy. “Be careful this time,” he said. He was giving the young man another 8 . Jimmy did not break it, so we have millions of bulbs in the world today. As a proverb says, “Not the power to 9 , but its very opposite, the power to forget, is a necessary condition for our existence.” Life is too short and no one is 10 . If we can forgive those who have hurt us, we will have a better life. 1．A．heard about B．worried about C．brought about D．looked about 2．A．sold B．produced C．accepted D．checked 3．A．hope B．anxiety C．pride D．surprise 4．A．Luckily B．Excitingly C．Finally D．Suddenly 5．A．sadly B．angrily C．carelessly D．carefully 6．A．fan B．bulb C．phone D．book 7．A．learned B．held C．put D．lay 8．A．chance B．hand C．reason D．talk 9．A．receive B．remember C．keep D．improve 10．A．strong B．nice C．bad D．perfect 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文以一个真实的故事讲述发明家爱迪生对他人的友善和宽容。 1．句意：但也许很少有人听说过他对别人的善良和宽容。 heard about听说；worried about担心；brought about引起；looked about四下观望。根据下文“The following is a true story about him.”可知，此处指很少有人听说过他对人善良和宽容的故事。故选A。 2．句意：在他的实验中，爱迪生终于制造出了一个可以工作的灯泡——这是数百次试验的最终结果。 sold卖；produced制造；accepted接受；checked检查。根据下文“It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made”可知，爱迪生制造出了一个灯泡。故选B。 3．句意：这是人类制造的第一个电灯泡，爱迪生非常自豪。 hope希望；anxiety焦虑；pride自豪；surprise惊喜。根据“It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made”可知，爱迪生制造出了历史上第一个灯泡，他应该感到自豪。故选C。 4．句意：突然一声撞击声，爱迪生转过身来，发现他珍贵的灯泡掉在地上，摔成了碎片。 Luckily幸运地；Excitingly刺激地；Finally最后；Suddenly突然。根据上文“Take it upstairs”可知，刚刚爱迪生还让助理把完好的灯泡拿上楼，然后就听到撞击声，说明“灯泡摔碎”是突然发生的事。故选D。 5．句意：吉米不小心让灯泡从指间滑了出去。 sadly伤心地；angrily生气地；carelessly不小心地；carefully仔细地。根据“let the bulb slip”和选项可知，这是人类历史上第一个灯泡，吉米应是不小心摔碎的。故选C。 6．句意：他回到他的工作台上，又开始做另一个灯泡。 fan风扇；bulb电灯泡；phone电话；book书。根据上文“to see that his precious bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces on the floor.”可知，之前做好的灯泡摔碎了，所以爱迪生重新再做一个灯泡。故选B。 7．句意：它就放在制造者面前的桌子上，完全完成了。 learned学习；held拿着；put放；lay被平放。根据“There it...on the table”可知，此处指灯泡被平放在桌子上。故选D。 8．句意：他是在给那个年轻人另一个机会。 chance机会；hand手；reason原因；talk谈话。根据上文“Jimmy had let the bulb slip”可知，吉米做错事了，于是爱迪生再给他一次机会。故选A。 9．句意：不是记忆的能力，而是它的对立面——遗忘的能力，是我们生存的必要条件。 receive收到；remember记得；keep保持；improve改进。根据“but its very opposite, the power to forget”可知，与“忘记”相反的是“记住”。故选B。 10．句意：人生苦短，没有人是完美的。 strong强壮的；nice美好的；bad坏的；perfect完美的。根据下文“If we can forgive those who have hurt us”可知，我们要原谅那些伤害过我们的人，由此可知没有人是完美的，谁都会犯错。故选D。 2、 阅读理解 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从11～25各题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A During the Jin Dynasty (265—420), there was a child named Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and didn’t have enough money for lamp oil to study at night. One night, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this. Another child named Sun Kang also loved reading. One night during winter, Sun used up all his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he woke up at night, he saw the snow reflecting (反射) the moonlight outside his house. “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” he thought. He took out his books and read, even though he was freezing cold. Both of the kids later became successful government officials (政府官员). People were moved because of their hard-working spirit (精神) and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom (成语) nangying yingxue. Present Xi Jinping once told these stories at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央党校). He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang. All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind. All of us can learn a lot from these stories. Although they don’t take place in modern times, they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge. 11．Why did Che Yin collect fireflies? A．Because fireflies are bright enough for him to read. B．Because he wanted to do an experiment. C．Because he wanted to play with them for fun. D．Because he wanted to show them to his friends. 12．What did Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They liked nature and animals. B．They were rich and they liked to read. C．They worked very hard and became successful. D．They became teachers. 13．How many idioms are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 14．What is the purpose of President Xi Jinping to talk about the stories? A．He hopes that government officials can read more books. B．He hopes that government officials can keep the hard-working spirit in mind. C．He hopes that more people can become government officials. D．He hopes that all people can learn more knowledge. 15．What is the best title for the passage? A．Read More and Become Successful B．Work Hard at Night C．Road to Knowledge D．Old Stories, Hard-working Spirits 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了车胤和孙康艰难求学的故事，激励人们克服困难，努力学习。 11．细节理解题。根据第二段“He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this.”可知，车胤收集萤火虫的目的是因为萤火虫够亮，他可以看书。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据第四段“Both of the kids later became successful government officials. People were moved because of their hard-working spirit and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom nangying yingxue.”可知，他们的共同点是非常努力并取得了成功。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第五段“He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang.”可知，文章提到了“囊萤映雪”、“悬梁刺股”和“凿壁偷光”三个成语。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段“All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind.”可知，他希望政府官员保持这种艰苦奋斗的精神。故选B。 15．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，文章主要讲了车胤和孙康艰难求学的故事，激励人们克服困难，努力学习；选项D“老故事，艰苦奋斗的精神”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 B “I killed the wrong goose,” a man complained (抱怨) in his letter to the editor s of the Xinhua Dictionary. It was the 1970s. The man, a goose farmer, wanted to kill a male goose. However, he didn’t know the difference between male and female geese, so he turned to the dictionary for help. “Goose: a kind of poultry (家禽),” it read. “The males have a yellow bump (突起物) on their head.” The man chose a goose that matched the description (描述). But when he opened its stomach, many eggs poured out onto the counter, and the man was angry. The dictionary entry (条目) wasn’t totally wrong. However, it didn’t make it clear that all geese have a yellow bump on their head. Males just have bigger ones. The dictionary’s editors corrected the mistake in the next edition (版本). Since its birth in 1953, the Xinhua Dictionary has been used as an encyclopedia (百科全书) by people across China. More than 600 million copies have been sold. Few books have remained so popular for so many years. When the dictionary first came out, the name Xinhua bore the hope of a country reborn. In 1949, about 80 percent of China’s population was uneducated. The Xinhua Dictionary succeeded in opening up knowledge to millions of Chinese people. “I got my first dictionary in 1971, and I still treasure it,” said a saleswoman in her 50s. “I had no education when I was little. The dictionary helped me get into high school.” Over the past 50 years, the dictionary has been revised many times.“鲟 (sturgeon)” was once explained as “edible (可食用的).” Later editions made it clear that it was “an animal in danger.” Similarly, “豹 (leopards)” are no longer described as “wild animals whose fur can be made into clothes.” Recent editions have included many new explanations. The character “晒” (to dry something under the sun), for example, now has a second meaning: to share. Popular expressions like “初心” (original intention) and “点赞” (give somebody a thumbs up) have also been added to the dictionary. In a way, Xinhua hasn’t just explained words; it has shaped the way Chinese people think. “Primary school compositions across China are similar,” read a 2010 article in Southern Weekly. “When children write about a spring outing, the sky is always’ cloudless for ten thousand miles.’ They will always’ sing and dance’ on the way.” “Both sentences,” the article added, “are based on examples in the Xinhua Dictionary.” 16．The man killed the wrong goose because ________. A．the dictionary was totally wrong B．he didn’t follow the dictionary C．the description in the dictionary was not clear D．male and female geese are of no difference 17．Paragraph 6 mainly talks about the ________ of the Xinhua Dictionary. A．popularity B．birthday C．price D．future 18．The writer mentioned the woman in her 50s to show the Xinhua Dictionary ________. A．has sold well over the past 50 years B．has been corrected little by little C．has provided people with high school education D．has brought knowledge to many Chinese people 19．Which of the following has a second meaning in the new editions? A．鲟 B．豹 C．晒 D．初心 20．The writer’s writing purpose is to ________. A．sell the Xinhua Dictionary B．shape the way Chinese people think C．list the examples in the Xinhua Dictionary D．introduce the influence of the Xinhua Dictionary 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了《新华字典》的编撰以及影响。 16．细节理解题。根据“The dictionary entry (条目) wasn’t totally wrong. However, it didn’t make it clear that all geese have a yellow bump on their head. Males just have bigger ones. ”可知，是因为字典里的描述不清楚，故选C。 17．段落大意题。根据第6段“Since its birth in 1953, the Xinhua Dictionary has been used as an encyclopedia (百科全书) by people across China. More than 600 million copies have been sold. Few books have remained so popular for so many years.”可知，本段是介绍《新华字典》很流行，故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据“The Xinhua Dictionary succeeded in opening up knowledge to millions of Chinese people....‘I had no education when I was little. The dictionary helped me get into high school.’”可知，讲述女人的例子是为了说明《新华字典》给许多中国人带来了知识，故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据“ The character ‘晒’ (to dry something under the sun), for example, now has a second meaning: to share.”可知，“晒”有两个意思。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了《新华字典》的编撰以及影响。故选D。 C Chinese scientists have discovered a new kind of dinosaur that lived 200 million years ago in what is today Southwest China’s Yunnan Province. The scientists plan to carry out further research into how the dinosaur moved and its family relationships. Some fossils of the dinosaur were found several years ago in Yuxi, Yunnan Province, but they were not enough to make sure what kind of dinosaurs they are. However, the recent discovery has provided enough fossil materials to identify it as Asia’s earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs(覆盾甲龙) for the first time. The research team at the School of Life Sciences in Yunnan University has their research printed in the magazine e-Life. “It is such a meaningful discovery that our team can’t wait to have a deep research on it. The newly found dinosaur will be good for our study of the living environment after disappearance of some creatures from 250 million BC to 200 million BC,” said Xu Xing, one of the researchers. According to the study, the dinosaur was about 3 meters long with four legs. At the same time, it could use its two front legs to catch the leaves of plants when needed. Recent study has shown that this dinosaur’s group spread rapidly, reaching all around the world within 10,000 years. Besides, the fossils provide evidence(证据) for how the different parts of the Earth moved at that time. The team plans to take some parts from the fossil to study how the dinosaur grew and to build a 3D model to study how it moved. “The current fossil is still not fully complete. After we fill in the missing pieces, we can also make a 3D printed model for public education. Yunnan is the kingdom of dinosaurs, so we believe that other unnamed dinosaurs will also be discovered in this place” said Xu. 21．When did the newly found dinosaur lived? A．10,000 years ago. B．200 million years ago. C．250 million years ago. D．20,000 years ago. 22．What does the discovery bring to the researchers? A．Some ffossils found in Yunnan University. B．Some reasons for the disappearance of dinosaurs. C．A chance to learn the future environment. D．A record as the earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs in Asia. 23．Which of the following statement is true? A．Some fossils of the dinosaur were found in Hunan Province. B．The research team has their research printed in the magazine e-Life. C．According to the study, the dinosaur was about 30 meters long with four legs. D．This dinosaur’s group reached all around the world within 100,000 years. 24．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．They team will make a 3D film about the dinosaur. B．They team will find all the dinosaurs in Yunnan Province. C．They team will make the dinosaur model educational. D．They team will study why the dinosaur is not fully complete. 25．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 【导语】本文讲了中国科学家在今天中国西南部的云南省发现了一种生活在2亿年前的新型恐龙以及科学家们对它的研究。 21．细节理解题。根据“Chinese scientists have discovered a new kind of dinosaur that lived 200 million years ago in what is today Southwest China’s Yunnan Province.”可知，新恐龙生活在2亿年前，故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“However, the recent discovery has provided enough fossil materials to identify it as Asia’s earliest known thyreophoran dinosaurs for the first time.”可知，这是亚洲已知的最早的覆盾甲龙。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据“The research team at the School of Life Sciences in Yunnan University has their research printed in the magazine e-Life.”可知，云南大学生命科学学院的研究团队的研究成果发表在《e-Life》杂志上。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据“After we fill in the missing pieces, we can also make a 3D printed model for public education.”可知，在我们把缺失的部分填满之后，我们还可以制作一个用于公共教育的3D打印模型，所以他们的团队将使恐龙模型具有教育意义。故选C。 25．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段提出的是关于科学家们计划对这只恐龙如何移动及其家庭关系进行进一步研究；第二、三、四、五段是具体分析了他们的研究。故选A。 三、阅读还原（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下列短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整。其中有一项是多余的。 At the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, people cheered when China’s Tong Xin finished her taijijian moves. On Sept. 24, she won the women’s taijiquan and taijijian all-round gold. This amazing achievement not only showed her outstanding abilities but also made people from all over the world impressed by the beauty of Asian Games. 26 These events, like taijijian, are from different countries and cultures across Asia. This makes the Asian Games interesting. 27 Wushu Chinese Wushu first came about in the Shang and Zhou dynasties (16th century – 256 BC). 28 Modern Wushu has two parts: taolu and sanda. Wushu was included in the Asian Games in 1990. Kabaddi (卡巴迪) Kabaddi is a traditional folk sport from India. 29 The sport looks like the game “eagle catching chickens”. You only need a place to play it, nothing else. The place should be 13 meters long and 10 meters wide. Sepak takraw (藤球) Sepak takraw first became popular in Southeast Asia. It is like the traditional Chinese game of shuttlecock kicking (踢毽子). 30 This is because players need to use not only their head, knees and chest but also their feet to move the ball. A．It is also called “kick volleyball”. B．Here are some of the special sports. C．It has a history of more than 4,000 years. D．It is an important part of Chinese culture. E．There are many people watching the competition. F．The Asian Games have more events than the Olympics. 【答案】26．F 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文介绍了杭州亚运会的几个比赛项目。 26．根据“These events, like taijijian, are from different countries and cultures across Asia.”可知此处在描述杭州亚运会有许多项目。选项F“亚运会比奥运会有更多的项目。”符合，故选F。 27．根据后文的描述，可知是介绍了几个比赛项目。选项B“以下是一些特殊的运动项目。”符合，故选B。 28．根据本段描述的是武术，它是中国文化的一部分，选项D“它是中国文化的重要组成部分。”符合，故选D。 29．根据“Kabaddi is a traditional folk sport from India.”可知此处在对卡巴迪这项运动进行解释，选项C“它已经有4000多年的历史了。”符合，故选C。 30．根据“This is because players need to use not only their head, knees and chest but also their feet to move the ball.”可知此处在描述原因。选项A“它也被称为‘踢排球’。”符合，故选A。 四、阅读匹配（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种百科全书。请根据 Luke, Stella, Jay, Clair 和 Olivia 的喜好或者需求，向他们推荐合适的书籍。 A．Encyclopedia of Knots and Fancy Rope Work     This is the greatest book on knots and rope work ever published, yet it is for anyone from eight to eighty. More than 3,600 knots are described. B．The Concise Animal Encyclopedia     This fantastic encyclopedia contains more than 2000 animals of all types from the smallest animal to the biggest. C． A Pocket Dictionary of Foods & Culinary Encyclopedia     This classic book contains a complete encyclopedia of dishes and drinks. It is perfect for cooking lovers and would make for a handy addition to kitchen collections. D．The Arts: A Visual Encyclopedia     From ancient paintings to modern-day street art, this art book for children traces the development of painting, and photography through the ages. E. The Encyclopedia of Gardening It is a dictionary of plants, trees, shrubs, fruits, vegetables, and greenhouse plants, and much more. You may be attracted by the new introduction on the history of gardening. F. Three-Wheelers A-Z     This book tells the amazing story of three-wheelers, including bubble cars, microcars, kit cars and so on. You can find different types of three-wheelers from 1940 to date. ______31．Luke is going to write a report on the development of cars with three wheels. ______32．Stella wants to learn to make a Chinese knot for her friend’s coming birthday. ______33．Jay wants to keep a pet and would like to know more about animals before that. ______34．Clair will hold a party to celebrate the new year. She needs some tips about cooking. ______35．Olivia is going to move to a new house this February. She has a garden to look after. 【答案】31．F 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．E 【导语】本文根据5个人喜欢读的书籍类型或者需求，向他们推荐合适的书籍。 31．根据“Luke is going to write a report on the development of cars with three wheels.”可知，卢克将写一份关于三轮汽车发展的报告，选项F“《三轮汽车大全》这本书讲述了三轮汽车的惊人故事，包括气泡车、微型车、工具车等。从1940年到现在，你可以找到不同类型的三轮汽车。”符合。故选F。 32．根据“Stella wants to learn to make a Chinese knot for her friend’s coming birthday.”可知，斯特拉想学做中国结，选项A“《绳结和花式绳索百科全书》这是有史以来出版的关于绳结和绳索作品的最伟大的书，但它适合八岁到八十岁的人。描述了3600多绳结。”符合。故选A。 33．根据“Jay wants to keep a pet and would like to know more about animals before that.”可知，杰伊想更多地了解动物，选项B“《简明动物百科》这本奇妙的百科全书包含了2000多种动物，从最小的动物到最大的动物。”符合。故选B。 34．根据“Clair will hold a party to celebrate the new year. She needs some tips about cooking.”可知，克莱尔需要了解一些烹饪技巧，选项C“《食物和厨艺百科全书口袋字典》这本经典的书包含了一个完整的菜肴和饮料百科全书。它非常适合烹饪爱好者，也是厨房收藏的一个方便补充。”符合。故选C。 35．根据“Olivia is going to move to a new house this February. She has a garden to look after.”可知，奥利维亚有一个花园要照看，选项E“《园艺百科全书》这是一本植物、树木、灌木、水果、蔬菜和温室植物等的字典。你可能会对园艺史的新介绍感兴趣。”符合。故选E。 第二部分 非选择题部分 五、语法填空 （本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 China has a long history, and many stories are h 36 in ancient books, such as Shan Hai Jing, or Classic of M37． and Seas. It is a fantastic geographical and cultural record of the pre-Qin China as well as a collection of Chinese mythology (神话). It was once thought that mythical characters such as Yu the Great or Boyi wrote the book. However, the general agreement a 38 modern scholars (学者) is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer, but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the b 39 of the Han dynasty. The exact writer of the book and the time it was written are still uncertain. There is nothing more attractive in Shan Hai Jing than the mysterious monsters described in it. Here are some e 40 . On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal w 41 looks like a long-tailed ape, but it has white ears. It crouches as it moves along and it runs like a human. Its name is the live-lively. If you eat it, you’ll be a good runner. There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu. It looks like a fox but has nine tails. Its cry is s 42 to that of a baby. If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad s 43 . A 44 there is a bird in Mount Base. It looks like a chicken, but it has three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. Its name is the esteem-add. If you eat it, you won’t keep falling asleep.These monsters give readers a look at the ancients’ understanding and imagination of some unknown things. As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, Shan Hai Jing is attractive w 45 doubt. It is an encyclopedia (百科全书) that can show ancient social life. 【答案】 36．(h)idden 37．(M)ountains 38．(a)mong 39．(b)eginning 40．(e)xamples 41．(w)hich 42．(s)imilar 43．(s)pirits 44．(A)lso 45．(w)ithout 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了著作《山海经》。 36．句意：中国有着悠久的历史，许多故事都藏在古籍中，如《山海经》。根据“China has a long history, and many stories are h…in ancient books, such as Shan Hai Jing”及首字母可知许多故事藏在《山海经》这本书中，由空前的are可知时态为一般现在时，语态为被动语态，hide需变为过去分词hidden。故填(h)idden。 37．句意：中国有着悠久的历史，许多故事都藏在古籍中，如《山海经》。由or可知前后的说法等效，前面用音译表示，后面用英文用法表示，应用mountain“山”的复数形式，首字母大写，故填(M)ountains。 38．句意：然而，现代学者普遍认为，这本书不是由一个作家在一个时间写的，而是由战国到汉初的许多人写的。根据“However, the general agreement a… modern scholars is that the book was not written at a single time by a single writer”及首字母可知此处为介词，表示“在现在的学者当中”，用among。故填(a)mong。 39．句意：然而，现代学者普遍认为，这本书不是由一个作家在一个时间写的，而是由战国到汉初的许多人写的。根据“but rather by many people from the period of the Warring States to the b…of the Han dynasty.”和首字母可知表示“从战国到汉朝的初期”，beginning“开始”。故填(b)eginning。 40．句意：以下是一些例子。根据下文列举出的长尾猿，九尾狐等可知此处为举例说明。空前有some修饰，故example“例子”变为复数形式。故填(e)xamples。 41．句意：在Raiseshake山上，有一种动物看起来像长尾猿，但它有白色的耳朵。根据“On the mountain Raiseshake, there is an animal w…looks like a long-tailed ape”可知此处缺少定语从句的引导词，根据首字母可知用关系代词which，which在从句中作主语，指代animal。故填(w)hich。 42．句意：它的叫声与婴儿的叫声相似。根据“Its cry is s…to that of a baby.”可知此处构成短语“be similar to…”，表示“与……相似”。故填(s)imilar。 43．句意：如果你吃它的肉，你就不会受到坏精神的伤害。根据“If you eat its meat, you will not be harmed by bad s…”及首字母可猜测如果吃了九尾狐的肉，就不会受到坏的精神伤害。spirit“精神”为可数名词，需要变成复数形式，故填(s)pirits。 44．句意：基地山上还有一只鸟。本段为列举几个山海经中神秘怪兽。根据“There is another kind of wild animal in Mount Qingqiu.”可知此句在举一个山海经中的神秘怪兽。由首字母可知用also ，放句首，表示“还有”。故填(A)lso。 45．句意：作为中国古代神话的记录，《山海经》无疑具有吸引力。根据“As a record of ancient Chinese mythology, Shan Hai Jing is attractive w…doubt.”及首字母可知是毫无疑问，此处为without，表示“没有”，故填(w)ithout。 六、书面表达（15分） 46．根据下面表格中所提供的信息，写出Helen Keller （海伦凯勒 著名作家）的成长经历，可适当发挥。80~100词。 When What How to learn from her 1880 was born in America (1) Study hard; (2) Never give up; (3) Hold on to our dreams(坚持梦想) 6 months old can say a few words 2 years old become badly ill, can not see, hear or talk 6 years old learn to read with her fingers grown-up become a famous writer, her famous book—The Story of My Life 1968 died ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Helen Keller was a very famous writer. She was born in America in 1880. She was smart when she was young. When she was six months old, she could say a few words. When she was two years old, she was badly ill, and could not see, hear or talk. At the age of six, she had a teacher and learned to read with her fingers. When she grew up, she became a famous writer and wrote a famous book— The Story of My Life. She died in 1968. We can learn a lot from her. We should study hard at all times. Never give up no matter what happens. Hold on to our dreams and believe that they will come true one day. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。 ②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”。 ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步：介绍海伦凯勒的成长经历； 第二步：阐述如何学习海伦凯勒。 [亮点词汇] ①famous 著名的 ②at the age of 在……的年龄 [高分句型] ①She was smart when she was young.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②Hold on to our dreams and believe that they will come true one day.（that引导的宾语从句） 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$