Unit 3 Conservation 单元知识强基练（配套练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

III.选词填空 数名词,“面临干旱和缺水的当地农场”应不止一个,故此处 1. for instance 2. sum up 3. be involved in 4. play a part 应用复数形式。 5. suffer from 6. be located in 7. result in 8. is home to 7.which 考查引导词。句意:位于中国东部浙江省的白沙溪水 IV. 单句写作 库工程由36座堰组成,其中21座仍在提供灌源用水。此处 1. argued her out of setting off 是非限制性定语从句,先行词是weirs,关系词在从句中作介 2. suffering from hunger and cold 词of的宾语,应用关系代词which。 3. has resulted from 8.covers 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该工程覆盖白沙溪45 4. As I approached 公里,总水位下降168米。此处是描述一个事实,应用一般现 5. To sum up 在时,主语project是名词单数,故谓语动词用单数。 6. On top of writing, he goes to the movies as well as football 9.in 考查介词。句意:桑园围田堤防系统位于中国南部的 matches with his friends. 广东省,始建于10世纪。此处指“在10世纪”,应用介词in。 层级二 素养提升 10. culture 考查词性转换。句意:古代灌慨工程是中国水文化 V.阅读七选五 发展的瑰宝,对中国灌既农业的发展具有重要价值。此处 应填名词作空前介词of的宾语,culture(文化)是不可数名 主题语境:人与自我/个人生活。本文为说明文。 语篇 词,故填culture。 导读 自己在花园中种植喜欢的食物不仅仅是一种务实的体 I.小作文 验,更会让你成为一个更好的人! One possible version: 1.D 顺承关系。根据上文可知,花园里种植自已的食物也能 Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether 帮助你成长。这不仅仅是一次实践练习,设空处应该强调花 people should keep pets at home in cities. Some students think 园里种植自已的食物还有其他的好处,故选D项。 it's a good idea to kcep pets because old people who live alone at 2.G 因果关系。根据上下文可知,在花园中既能享受成功,又 home can draw comfort from them. Besides, getting along well 能经历失败,这会让自己收获耐心和信心,由此能够更好的 with animals will make our life more interesting. On the 应对生活中的挑战,故选G项。 contrary, the other students are against the idea. In their 3.A 总分关系。根据下文可知,在花园中自已种植食物,还能 opinion, if too many people keep pets at home, it is bad for the 培养出更多技能,故选A项。 environment. What is worse, pets may make too much noise and 4.F 因果关系。根据上下文可知,园艺能够让人们减少日常 even attack people. 担忧和烦恼,由此给你带来更多的时间和空间可以去认识周 I like animals, so I don't think it is bad to keep pets at 围世界中其他的需求,故选F项(这就为其他考虑留出了更 home. But we must take some measures to prevent them from 多的时间和空间)。 polluting our environment and be careful when we take them out. 5.E 解释关系。根据下文可知,此处强调拥有一个花园是幸 UNIT 3 单元知识强基练 运的,因为它会让你认识并欣赏到大自然给你的礼物,帮助 你增加同情心,故选E项(如果你有一个花园,你是幸运的)。 I.单词拼写 2. urgent 3. awareness 4. average 1. cancer V1.语法填空 5. outstanding 6. optimistic 主题语境:人与社会/社会进步与人类文明。本文 7. career 8. commitment 9. deeades 10. guilty 语篇 11. destruction 12. annoyed 13. championship 为说明文,主要介绍了中国的世界灌源工程遗产达到 14. cartons 导读 23处,并介绍了新入选的四处灌既工程。 15. consuimers II.单句语法填空 1. havebeenhonored考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意;到目 1. up 2. suitable 3. annoyed 4. out 5. dirty 6. at 前为止,已有4处中国古代灌遗址被列入世界灌工程遗 7. for 8. out 9. hunting 10. stuck 11. regularly 产,使中国入选世界遗产的灌溉工程总数达到23个。主语 12. endangered 13. extinction 14. destruction 15. collection four ancient Chinese irrigation(灌源) sites 和动词 honor 之间 I.补全句子 是逻辑上的动宾关系,根据时间状语Sofar可知,此处应用现 1. has a great effect on me/has greatly affected 在完成时的被动语态,主语表示复数意义,故填havebeen 2. have died out honored. 3. suits you better 2. newly 考查词性转换。句意:天宝堰是新入选的项目之一 4. While (he was) searching for his books, he found the old photo 位于福建省。空处作状语修饰动词awarded,应用副词形式, 5. To sum up 故填newly. 6. When the carthquake happened, the teacher chose to protect 3.oldest 考查比较等级。句意:该堰有1200多年的历史,是 her students instead of escaping first. 现存最古老的专门用于阻止海水和储存淡水的水利工程 7. He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he has to 根据With a history of over 1,2oo years 以及空前的the可 drop out of school. 知,此处指“现存最古老的水利工程”,故用形容词最高级作 8.(should) hold a meeting 定语。 9. when your dream comes true 4. storing 考查非谓语动词。空处和stopping并列作介词at 10. where you can enjoy beautiful views 的宾语,故用动名词形式。 11. would/could not have kept you waiting 5.the 考查冠词。句意:位于陕西省的龙首运河和古河灌区 12. As is known to all 据说是中国历史上第一条地下运河。序数词first前用定冠 13. It is claimed that 词,故填the。 14.(that) you should do every morning 6. farms 考查名词的数。句意:这条运河是黄河的主要支流, 15. of which the roof is red/whose roof is red/the roof of which 为面临干早和缺水的当地农场提供灌溉。farm(农场)为可 is red ·192· IV.单元语法-一单句语法填空 10.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,目前在钾离子电 1. that/which 2. that 3. who 4. whom/that/whg 池中使用可回收材料的前景让一些制造商担心它可能会影 5. that/ which/不填 6. as 7. whose 8. which 9. where 响性能,也就是说回收回来的铿离子电池性能低效,故选 10. where 11. when 12. whose 13. whom 14. whom D项。 15. when 11.D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段前三句内容可知,在充电方 V.单元语法--语法填空 面,回收电池的性能优于新电池。这篇文章主要是讲理离子 1. was reported 2. that 3. partly 4. a 5. limited 6. which 的需求变大,但开采理离子矿物质会破坏环境,因此回收电 7. to change 8. loss 9. occurring 10. However 池显得格外重要,故选D项。 D UNIT3 题型专项强化练 主题语境:人与自然/自然生态。本文为说明文, I.阅读 语篇 导读 主要介绍了冰盖融化及其影响,呼吁人们要认真对待 A 气候变化问题。 主题语境:人与社会/社会服务。本文为应用文, 12.C 语篇 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,冰盖就是一大块 主要讲述了城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们为种植 导读 存在很久的冰地,故选C项。 可持续粮食提供绿色空间,建立社区凝聚力等等。 13.D 细节理解题。根据第二段首句和第三段首句可知,冰盖 1.C 细节理解题。根据GothamGreens部分中的末句可知,它 的融化导致动物饥饿和疾病,故选D项。 使用了高科技温室种植健康的食物,故选C项。 14.B 推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可推知,近年来, 2.B 推理判断题。根据 Baltimore Urban Gardening with 海平面上升得更快,故选B项。 Students部分中的末句可知,来这里进行园艺活动的孩子从 15.A 标题归纳题。根据第一段首句以及下文对冰盖融化产 来没有接触过农作,也从来没有机会尝试种植食物,由此推 生的影响的具体描述可知,文章主要介绍了冰盖融化的影 测,该城市花园能向学生提供第一手的耕作经验,故选B项。 响,故选A项。 3.C 细节理解题,第一段前两句点明城市花园对城市居民的 II.阅读七选五 影响。由此可知下文提到的四个城市花园都对城镇居民来 主题语境:人与自然/宇宙探索。本文为说明文。 说很重要,故选C项。 语篇 导读 科学家们正在研究将火星“地球化”,一个特别的组织 B 计划在2030年前将第一批人类送上火星。 主题语境:人与自然/环境保护。本文为新闻报 1.B 顺承关系。下句讲到:火箭科学家罗伯特·祖布林对此 语篇 道。山姆·本切吉布和他的哥哥通过一系列努力来引 表示同意,并认为从火星开始最有意义,由此推知,此处是 导读 起人们对海洋塑料垃圾的注意,并帮助人们提高环保 罗伯特·祖布林对另一个人的观点表示同意,故选B项。 意识。 2.D 顺承关系。根据上一句可知,火星平均温度约为一60C. 4.C 词句猜测题。根据第二段中可知,山姆·本切吉布亲眼 不利于人类生存,使其地球化的目标之一就是升温,因此,D 见到了塑料垃圾正“困扰”着大海,故选C项。 项(让火星变暖的一个想法是在那里建造制造温室气体的工 5.D 细节理解题。根据第三段末句及第四段的内容可知,山 广)切题,且该选项中的warming与上文中的warm相呼应. 姆·本切吉布和他哥哥创办改变世界这个组织的目的是提 故选D项。 高人们的环保意识,让人们意识到海洋塑料垃圾污染的严重 3.F 解释关系。上下文讲到,为了模拟在火星生活,六个人在 性,故选D项。 夏威夷类似火星的环境中生活了一年,住在那里的的人感觉 6.C 推理判断题。根据第五段可知,本切吉布兄弟俩利用一 最大的问题是感到无聊,由此推知该空应该阐述这六个人具 段关于塑料污染的视频引发了大量的关注,并最终让印度尼 体生活的环境是怎样的,故选F项。 西亚总统做出清理河流的决定。由此推断作者提到本切吉 4.G 并列关系。上文讲到六个人在夏威夷类似火星的环境中 布兄弟俩的这一项目是为了表明他们的项目影响力非常大, 生活了一年,反馈了一些问题,最大的问题之一是感到无聊 故选C项。 接下来,很可能提到另一些间题,G项(另一件重要的事情 7.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句及最后一段中的 是,住在一起的人都应该能够相处,一起工作)符合语境,且 Sam's sister, Kellyl: athleticism and the environment 和文中 该选项中的 Another important thing 与上文one of the 对山姆·本切吉布尽一切努力保护环境的描述可知,他是一 biggest issues相呼应,故选G项. 个擅长体育运动且富有公益精神的青年,故选C项。 5.A 转折关系。上句提到,一个特别的组织计划在2030年前 C 将第一批人类送上火星,由此推知,该空将阐述这个计划可 主题语境:人与自然/环境保护,本文为说明文。 能会产生的问题,故选A项。 语篇 铿离子电池的需求与日俱增,但为了保护环境,回收 III.完形填空 导读 离子电池也显得尤为重要。 语篇 主题语境:人与自然/环境保护。本文为记叙文。 8.B 推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可知,理离子电池的需 导读 作者通过清理约塞米蒂国家公园里的垃圾,明白了改 求与日俱增,被广泛运用于各种电子设备中,故选B项。 变事情的方法是动手去做,而不是抱怨。 9.C 段落大意题。根据第三段可知,深海采矿获取钾离子矿 1.D 根据3,3o0feet以及下一句中的that giant rock可知,岩 物质会对环境造成影响,回收利用理离子会减少对环境的破 石很巨大(huge)。 坏。因此第三段主要在讲回收电池的主要原因,即为保护环 2.D 根据上文的climb可知,本句为原词再现,来说明攀登 境,故选C项。 (climb)约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉是作者的最爱。 ·193·UNIT 3 单元知识强基练 答案精解P (限时：60分钟) 1.单词拼写 15.More than ever before,the food industry is paying 1.Believe it or not. (癌症)arises from attention to young (消费者). one single cell. Ⅱ，单句语法填空 2.I've got some u tasks to finish before 1.With summer approaching,the temperature is I leave tonight. going quickly. 3.There is a general a that smoking is 2.The mother tried to find some books harmful. (suit)for her children. 4.0na Chinese firms remain the most 3.My professor was very (annoy)with productive in the world. me about my carelessness. 5.Yuan Longping is an (杰出的) 4.Obviously,the ship set on its voyage Chinese scientist in agriculture. without permission last night. 6.My good performance in the job interview left me 5.She was caught in the mud,which accounted for about my future. her (dirt)appearance. 7.The woman film star has expanded her e 6.Operate following the instructions attached in the to other fields of entertainment. box,or you'll be risk. 8.If you are serious about our relationship,you 7.All of them arrived late for a variety of reasons. should make a (承诺). instance,traffic jams. 9.In more recent (十年)，California 8.I am worried about one of my employees.He looks has become home to people from Asia. really stressed lately. 10.I feel really (内疚的)at forgetting 9.When passing by,we saw some hunters your birthday again.Could you forgive me? (hunt)wild animals without mercy. 11.The typhoon kept up for several days and left 10.Once he got_ stick in a heavy terrible d across the country. snow,but was helped out by the local villagers. 12.It was not what he said that 11.By taking exercise (regular),she (使…恼怒)me but the way he said those words. successfully reduced her weight last month. 13.Robert is making great efforts to realize his 12.What should be done to punish people who do dream of winning the (冠军称号). harm to the (endanger)animals? 14.What shocked everyone was that the publisher's 13.Many nature reserves are set up to preserve the small room was full of milk (硬纸盒)， endangered species from (extinct). ·162· 14.The hurricane kept up for several days and left 9.只要你坚持下去，你梦想成真的那一刻一定会到来。 terrible (destroy)across the country. So long as you stick to it,the moment 15.The national park has a large (collect) will definitely come. of wildlife,ranging from butterflies to elephants. 10.去乡下散散步，在那里你可以欣赏到美丽的景色 Ⅲ.补全句子 Go for a walk in the countryside, 1.我的英语老师对我有很大的影响。 My English teacher 11.飞机晚点一个多小时才起飞，否则我就不会让你 me 等这么久了。 2.结果，一些动物灭绝了：有一些动物处境危险。 There was a delay of over an hour before the As a result,some animals and plane took off:otherwise I others are in danger for such a long time. 3.哪一天更适合你，星期一还是星期五？ 12.众所周知，如果你能从失败中吸取教训，你就能避 Which day 免重蹈覆辙。 Monday or Friday? if you can learn 4.当寻找他的书时，他发现了那张老照片。(while) from failure,you can avoid repeating the same mistakes. 5.总而言之，每个人都应该为我们的社区承担责任 13.据说，保持乐观对患者的病情有积极的影响。(clam) everyone should take the maintaining blame for our community. optimism has a positive effect on patients'illness. 6.地震发生时，那位老师选择保护她的学生而不是先 14.作为一名学生，你每天早晨应当做的第一件事就 逃走。(instead of) 是制订适当的计划。 As a student,the first thing 7.他沉迷于电脑游戏，这就是他不得不辍学的原因。 is to make a proper plan. 15.丽萨正带着我们参观房子，这所房子的屋顶是红色的。 (be addicted to) Lisa is showing us around the house, 8.我主张召开会议讨论出这个问题的解决方法。 N.单元语法一单句语法填空 I urged that we to work 1.Is this the reason he explained for out a solution to this matter. his absence? ·163· 2.At last,the thief handed over almost everything 14.Although modern technology could help produce he had stolen to the police. more crops,these terraces()still mean a lot 3.More than one student. took part in to the local people to traditions are the activity.thinks it means a lot. of great value. 4.The man I am going to meet at the 15.It is now a children's festival, they station is Professor Smith. can dress up and go to their neighbours'homes to ask for sweets. 5.For those who love nature.Zhangjiajie is a place we must visit. V,单元语法一语法填空 6.China. is reported,has played an With over 1.4 billion people,China has the important role in dealing with international affairs. world's largest population,but one of the smallest surname pools.In contrast,the United States 1. 7.In the morning,two artists. acting (report)to have 6.3 million surnames in its 2010 skills are wonderful,came to our school as planned. census(人口普查).So what is it2. 8.One of China's six famous types of tea is white leads to this vast difference? tea. gets its name from its silver- t's3. (part)because of the difference white color. in language.You can't just add a stroke()to a 9.The boss of the company is trying to create an Chinese character and create a new surname.Technology easy atmosphere his employees is also a factor at play.We rely on technology on enjoy their work. daily basis.The systems that 10.Two other letters are from a father to his process our information rely on a 5. children in Torquay, the museum limit list of standardized Chinese characters. believes they may have escaped. 6. means that those with rare characters in 11.As the smallest child of his family,Alex is their surnames may find using this technology always longing for the time he difficult.It causes them 7. change should be able to be independent. their last names out of convenience.Meanwhile.the 12.Since parents advise children on so many things, (lose)of certain surnames over time they will probably be the first people is a naturally 9. (occur)phenomenon. advice their children seek. Given China's long history,it has lost more names 13.When you start your journey of positive over time,compared to younger countries. thinking,you shall meet wonderful people,with 10. this phenomenon is still one that you can share positive attitudes. Chinese people are struggling with in the digital age. ·164