第04讲 选修第一册Unit4单词词组句型预习-【暑假自学课】2024年高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第04讲 选修第一册Unit4单词词组句型预习 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练（4大考点） 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握选修第一册第四单元的核心词汇和短语考点。 2.理解并运用本单元语法“虚拟语气”特殊考点。 3.学会用所学习单词或者短语进行做题并且理解文章。 4.掌握本单元的语法，运用相关知识进行写作。 （一）单词、变形、词组搭配 steady adj. 稳定的，恒定的；稳步的，匀速的；平稳的 steadily adv. 稳定地；镇定地；牢固地 同义词：stable adj. 稳定的 density n. 密度；密集，稠密 dense adj.稠密的；密集的；浓密的；难懂的 horizon n. 地平线，海平线；(知识或兴趣的)范围，眼界 horizontal adj. 水平的；与地面平行的 n. 水平位置；水平面 broaden one’s horizon 拓宽某人的视野 fragrant adj. 香的，芳香的 fragrance n. 香水；香味；香气 organism n. 有机体；微生物；有机组织 organise vt.组织；筹备；安排；处理 organ n. (人体或动植物的)器官 compose vt. 组成；构成；作曲；创作(音乐) composition n. 作文；成分；构成；创作 composer n. 作曲家，创作者 be composed of.........由...........组成 incredibly adv. 极其；令人难以置信 incredible adj. 不能相信的；难以置信的；极好的 credible adj. 可信的，可靠的；足够好的，有明显效果的 expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使接触；曝光 exposure n. 揭露；(在电视、报纸等上的)亮相；曝光；暴露 be exposed to.....暴露于........ expose oneself to......... system n. 系统；制度；体制 systematic adj. 成体系的；系统的 systematically adv.系统地，有条理地 resident n. 居民；住户 adj. (在某地)居住的 residence n. 居住；住所；居住权 invade vt. & vi. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯 invasion n. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯 similarly adv. 相似地；类似地 similarity n. 相似点；相像性 be similar to.......与.........相似 indicate vt. & vi. 表明；显示； 示意；指示 indicator n. 指示信号；指示器；转向灯 interrupt vt.& vi. 使中断；打扰；插嘴 interruption n. 中断时间；打扰；插嘴 cut in 插嘴；插队 disturbance n. 紊乱；(受)打扰，干扰，妨碍 disturb vt. 打扰；干扰；妨碍；弄乱 disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起恐慌的 cognitive adj. 认知的 cognition n. 认知；感知；认识 psychological adj. 心灵的； 精神上的；心理学的 psychology n. 心理学；心理 negatively adv. 否定地；消极地 negative adj. 消极的；负面的；否定的 negativity n. 否定性，消极性 positive adj. 积极的; 肯定的 nerve n. 神经；神经紧张；勇气，气魄 nervous adj. 焦虑的；神经质的 nervously adv. 神经质地；焦急地 get on one’s nerve 在某人的神经上 beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 benefit n. 优势；益处 vt. & vi. 对(某人)有用；使受益 benefit from.......受益于......... be beneficial to.......对........有益 capable adj. 有能力；有才能；能力强的 capably adv. 能干地 capability n. 能力；才能；军事武器 be capable of.........胜任于......... malnutrition n. 营养不良 malnutritional adj. 营养不良的 nutrition n. 营养；滋养 universe n. 宇宙 universal adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的；普遍存在的 isolation n. 隔离，隔离状态；孤独，孤立状态 isolate vt. (使)隔离，孤立 isolated adj. 孤独的； 孤立的 be isolated from.........与.......隔离 inject vt.(给……)注射(药物等)；(给……)添加 injection n. 注射；大量资金的投入 accumulate vt. 积累，积聚 vi. (数量)逐渐增加 accumulation n. 积累，堆积；堆积物 accumulate my knowledge 增加我的知识 humidity n. 湿度；高温潮湿 humid adj. 温暖潮湿的；湿热的 remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的；引人注目的 remarkably adv. 不寻常地；奇怪地 remark n. / v. 评论 remark on sth 评论........ resist vt. & vi. 忍住，抵挡；抵制，阻挡；反抗，抵抗 resistance n. 反对；抵制；抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵制的，反抗的；有抵抗力的 resist doing sth抵制做某事 investigate vt. & vi.侦查；研究；调查 investigation n. 调查；侦查；学术研究 investigative adj.调查研究的；侦查的 imitate vt. 模仿；仿效；模仿 imitation n. 仿制品；赝品；模仿；效仿 stimulate vt. 激发；激励；刺激；使兴奋 stimulus n. 刺激；刺激物；激励因素 stimulative adj. 刺激的，激励的 stimulate one;s interest激发某人的兴趣 creativity n. 创造力；创造性 create vt. 创造；创作；造成 creative adj. 创造性的；有想象力的 observation n. 观察；观测；监视 observe vt. 注意到；观察；注视；评论 observe sb doing sth观察某人正在做某事 intensify vt. & vi. (使)加强，增强 intense adj. 十分强烈的；激烈的；热切的 intensive adj. 加强的，集中的；精耕细作的 intensity n. 强烈；（光、声音等的）强度 appreciate vt. & vi. 欣赏；赏识； 感激；理解；增值 appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢；理解 appreciable adj. 相当可观的 appreciate doing sth欣赏做某事 I’d appreciate it if you could........如果你...........我将不胜感激。 strength n. 力量；强度；力气；优势，毅力 strengthen vt. & vi. 加强；增强；巩固 strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的；强大的 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 intelligent adj. 聪明的；智能的；有才智的 intelligence n. 智力；才智 （二）短语 1. shine its steady light down on us将其稳定的光线照射到我们身上 2. from our perspective从我们的角度来看 3. be essential for the plant's survival对植物的生存至关重要 4. the naked eye 肉眼 5. play a vital role in … 在……中发挥重要作用 6. suffer from health problems有健康问题 7. enhance our psychological health 增强我们的心理健康 8. get rid of current health issues消除当前的健康问题 9. dig up buried treasure 挖掘埋藏的宝藏 10. fit in with 适应，与……合得来 11. date back to 1958追溯到1958年 12. be engaged in bionics 从事仿生学研究 13. stimulate their creativity 激发他们的创造力 14. bridge the gap between nature and innovation 弥合了自然和创新之间的鸿沟 15. be inset into 被嵌入 16. interact with light 与光相互作用 17. the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角 （三）语法—虚拟语气特殊考点 在非真实条件句中，有时条件句的动作和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，这时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整，这叫混合虚拟条件句或错综时间条件句。 例： If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.(be) If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.(know) If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.(go) If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.（do） 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在做得就会容易些了。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.（do） 如果他过去不听我的建议，他就不会做得这么好了。 有时假设的情况并不是以条件句的形式表示，而是通过一些介词短语或上下文等方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句，其作用与非真实条件句一样，并且可以转换为非真实条件句。or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 例： But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier. Without the storm I would have arrived much earlier. =If it had not been for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier. wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。 1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done 3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might+do 例如:I wish I could argue with you.（现在） 例如: I wish I hadn't become so conscious of every little change.（过去） 例如: I wish it would stop raining.（将来） would rather+ that…….. 1)与现在事实相反 : would rather + (that)+did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : would rather + (that)+had done 3)与将来事实相反 : would rather + did(were) 例如:John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。（不想现在过来） 例如:I would rather you had not done that.我真希望你没有做那件事。(过去没做) 表示要求、命令、建议的从句中,谓语通常用“（should）+V原形” 常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议, 四个要求 1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose 4). demand, require, request, desire 注意： 1）insist作“坚决（主张），坚决（要求）”解时，表示一个主张或一种看法，后接的宾语从句采用虚拟语气；作“坚持（说）”，表示一个事实，后接的从句采用陈述语气。 2）suggest作“表明，暗示”用陈述语气；作“建议”时才用虚拟语气。 基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 过去分词：suggested, requested, ordered, proposed… 2. It be+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 形容词: important, necessary, natural, right, wrong, better, proper, funny, strange, surprising… 3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that…+ (should)+动词原形+… 例： It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. It’s suggested that everybody (should) buy a dictionary. It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. It's important that we (should) take good care of the patient. 用在由as if/though引导的状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时;表示将来用would + 动词原形。 例如: Don't treat me as if I were a child. If only 要是…就好了 = I wish 1)与现在事实相反 : did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : had done 3)与将来事实相反 : would/could/might+do 辨析if only 和only if的用法： ▲only if 引起的条件状语从句，表示“只有……(才) ；只有在……的时候；唯一的条件是……”的意思；与if引起的一般条件句相比，它有一种增强语气的作用，主句需倒装。 例如：Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情况紧急时，你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。 ▲if only引导的条件句，通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望，相当于as long as，常用虚拟语气。 例如：If only I were as clever as you！要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊 If only I had taken her advice!(take) 如果我听从了她的建议就好了。(事实是：我没有听从) It’s (about/high) time +that---过去时/should +V. 在"It is time (that) ......."句型中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是“该干某事的时候了”。 例如: It’s (high) time we did housework. It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed.=It’s time for us to go to bed. 我们该去睡觉了。 教材习题01 没有他们的帮助，我们不可能实现我们的梦想。 We __________________________________ without their help 解题方法 or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 【答案】 教材习题02 我朋友借钱给我了。否则，我可付不起这次旅费。 My friends lent me the money. __________,______________________________. 解题方法 or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 【答案】 考点一 单元重点词汇 1. The planet should be visible to the n__________ eye. 2. Look! The workers are i__________ this amazing picture into this map. 3. I am h__________ on collecting clocks. 4. Please be careful. This s__________ is very sharp. 5. She saw her mother’s eyes t__________ with amusement. 6. Do these plans f__________ in with your arrangements? 7. Recent losses have c__________ out any profits made at the start of the year. 8. The d__________ of the flakes and the depth of the snow prevented us from seeing the road clearly. 9. Don’t tell your secret to him before you get a s__________ relationship. 10. The sea and the sky seemed to b__________ into each another. 11. Many deaf people have feelings of i__________ and loneliness. 12. His heart m__________ when he saw the little girl crying. 13. When water changes to water v__________, we say it evaporates（蒸发）. 14. Dust and dirt soon a__________ if a house is not cleaned regularly. 15. It’s handmade. H__________ it is very expensive. 16. As with all new ideas it met with r__________. 17. His appointment to this important post was a f__________ in his cap. 18. It was a m__________ that they managed to catch the train. 19. The book is more satisfying if you read each chapter in s__________. 20. They have taken a wrong turning in their assumption that all men and women think a__________. 考点二 单元短语填空 from one’s perspective play a vital role get rid of fit in with dig up date back to be engaged in be inset into interact with the tip of the iceberg 1. The concept of economic law________________ the 18th century. 2. He's never done this type of work before; I'm not sure how he'll___________________ the other people. 3.Good reading skills ____________________in students' lives. 4. Let me know if you ____________anything about him. 5. He __________________a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company. 6. ________my_______, if you really want to learn something, do not give it up because of lack of money. 7. To be honest, what we have done here is just________________________! 8.________________ all cigarettes and ashtrays and other paraphernalia associated with smoking. 9.Teachers have a limited amount of time to _______________each child. 10.Ceramic tiles________________ the tables. 考点三 单句语法填空 1. It’s well known that teaching in China is not ____________ (reward) financially. 2. Little Tom was ____________ (freeze) with fear when the accident happened. 3. Deaths from shark attacks are not as common as____________ from other causes. 4. The underlying meaning of the poem seems to be ____________ his grasp. 5. Outwardly she seemed confident but in ____________ (real) she felt extremely nervous. 6. Anyone who can give a helpful clue ____________ the missing girl will be rewarded by the family. 7. If you want to sway someone to your side, you need to convince them emotionally and ____________ (logic). 8. Modest and easy ____________ (approach), he soon put everyone completely at ease. 9. Cutting down trees and ____________ (dig) up grass can cause deserts and sandstorms to increase. 10. The witnesses' statements ____________ each other and the facts remained unclear. In the court the witnesses gave two completely ____________ accounts.(contradict) 11. China sticks to its choice of path, but is never ________________ (rigid)opposed to change. 12. They show respect for each other in spite of different ________________(belief). 13. The little boy is ________________ (bend) on becoming a policeman when he grows up. 14. Our school doesn't advocate students ________________(stay) in the classroom too long because students should have time for sports. 15. I hold the firm belief ________________ with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. 16. An accident happened at the corner of the street, ________________(claim) 3 lives and 5 injured. 17. A man ________________ (claim) to represent every minority group in the city won the election for mayor. 18. He claimed ________________ (badly, treat) in the supermarket. 19. China has almost the same size as the USA but its population is six times larger than of the USA. 20. Some teenagers are not aware of the dangerous effect of drug abuse _______ their physical and mental health. 21.—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I'm not _________________ (blame), mum. I am what you have made me. 22. Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago, he hasn't dared _________________ (get) back into one. 23. This function of the Internet is particularly _________________ (strike) when I'm writing 24. The government has taken effective measures to maintain the _________________ (stable) of house prices. 25. The school cannot tolerate anyone _________________(cheat) on exams. 26. _________________(cast) a grateful smile at the woman, I thanked her from the bottom of my heart. 27. _________________(owe) to not receiving any response, he decided to write to them again. 28. Her daughter is very clever and often _________________ as a genius. (represent) 29. The plan makes no allowance _________________ people working at different rates. 30. Tourists, _________ by the ________ views of the old castle, visit this beauty castle all year round. (fascinate) 考点四 虚拟语气特殊考点 1.如果没有你的认可和指导，我不可能写这篇文章。再次非常感谢！ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.如果救援队晚一点到达，我就不会成功了。塔兹是我忠实的朋友，我们永远有着特殊的纽带。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.在她和其他邻居挥手告别消失在晚雪中之前，她说：“没什么大不了的。很乐意帮忙。你也会这么做的！” ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.因此，现在是我们立即采取行动的时候了以改变局势。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、单词拼写题 1. Violence __________（加强，加剧）during the night last year. 2. He took away a shopping bag full of __________（纸币）. 3. The lines __________（相交；交叉）at right angles. 4. The mountains provided a dramatic __________（周围陪衬景物）for our picnic. 5. As children grow older, their __________（认知的）processes become sharper. 6. There's a shortage of suitable kidneys for __________（移植）. 7. The public areas offer a subtle__________（融合）of traditional charm with modern amenities. 8. __________（肥胖）can increase the risk of heart disease. 9. They injected the drug directly into her __________（体内循环的血液，血流）. 10. The company is eager to gain a __________（稳固地位，立足点）in Europe. 11. Every __________（神经）in her body was tense. 12. They are hoping a change of leader will __________（注射；增加）new energy into the movement. 13. The questions should be asked in a logical __________（顺序）. 14. John is an experienced __________（木匠）and his works are highly praised by his customers. 15. The little boy was drawing a __________（螺旋形）in his book and this shape was difficult. 16. Helen majored in __________（仿生学）in the university. 17. Students were visiting many __________（外骨骼）in the museum. 18. The air was __________（芳香的）with the smell of orange blossoms. 19. The government spends a __________ （万亿）on education annually. 20. The __________（疫苗）was used to protect the whole population against infection. 二、语法填空题 In many countries, ___1___ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.___2___, in the United States, this idea may still be considered strange. But this type of housing,___3___(call)co-housing, is gaining___4___(popular) in the United States, too, Co-housing complexes are popping up cross the country. For many people, this way of life is___5___relief to the busy modern lifestyle. A co-housing community has ___6___ (private)owned houses and shared land. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room. About 25 co-housing communities___7___ (build)so far, and 150 more are being planned. A co-housing complex is a place ___8___ residents shop, cook, and eat together. Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play___9___, which many families like. Other residents like the feeling in a “village”. Residents also say that they can live in co-housing for _____10_____ (little)money than they would pay for nearby apartments. 三、单句语法填空 1. We found it hard to win in this __________ (intensify) competition. 2. Traffic lights have been placed at all major __________ (intersect). 3. The ink had faded to __________ (invisible). 4. Perception is important in social __________ (cognitive). 5. Patients often reject __________ (transplant) organs. 6. Chemicals are injected __________ the fruit to reduce decay. 7. This tall tree was sawn __________ to make room for a new building. 8. The __________ (cancel) fee will be included in this ticket. 9. He felt very happy __________ (fit) in with his new roommate. 10. Many unique shapes __________ (inset) into this special material since last month. 11. The risk of being fat can __________ (intensify) by eating too much. 12. She was very __________ (nerve) about the future. 13. This tall tree __________ (saw) down by some naughty boys last night. 14. __________ (density)fog is covering roads in the north and visibility is very poor. 15. We anticipated that we would meet a certain amount of __________ (resist) to our plan. ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第04讲 选修第一册Unit4单词词组句型预习 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练（4大考点） 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握选修第一册第四单元的核心词汇和短语考点。 2.理解并运用本单元语法“虚拟语气”特殊考点。 3.学会用所学习单词或者短语进行做题并且理解文章。 4.掌握本单元的语法，运用相关知识进行写作。 （一）单词、变形、词组搭配 steady adj. 稳定的，恒定的；稳步的，匀速的；平稳的 steadily adv. 稳定地；镇定地；牢固地 同义词：stable adj. 稳定的 density n. 密度；密集，稠密 dense adj.稠密的；密集的；浓密的；难懂的 horizon n. 地平线，海平线；(知识或兴趣的)范围，眼界 horizontal adj. 水平的；与地面平行的 n. 水平位置；水平面 broaden one’s horizon 拓宽某人的视野 fragrant adj. 香的，芳香的 fragrance n. 香水；香味；香气 organism n. 有机体；微生物；有机组织 organise vt.组织；筹备；安排；处理 organ n. (人体或动植物的)器官 compose vt. 组成；构成；作曲；创作(音乐) composition n. 作文；成分；构成；创作 composer n. 作曲家，创作者 be composed of.........由...........组成 incredibly adv. 极其；令人难以置信 incredible adj. 不能相信的；难以置信的；极好的 credible adj. 可信的，可靠的；足够好的，有明显效果的 expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使接触；曝光 exposure n. 揭露；(在电视、报纸等上的)亮相；曝光；暴露 be exposed to.....暴露于........ expose oneself to......... system n. 系统；制度；体制 systematic adj. 成体系的；系统的 systematically adv.系统地，有条理地 resident n. 居民；住户 adj. (在某地)居住的 residence n. 居住；住所；居住权 invade vt. & vi. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯 invasion n. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯 similarly adv. 相似地；类似地 similarity n. 相似点；相像性 be similar to.......与.........相似 indicate vt. & vi. 表明；显示； 示意；指示 indicator n. 指示信号；指示器；转向灯 interrupt vt.& vi. 使中断；打扰；插嘴 interruption n. 中断时间；打扰；插嘴 cut in 插嘴；插队 disturbance n. 紊乱；(受)打扰，干扰，妨碍 disturb vt. 打扰；干扰；妨碍；弄乱 disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起恐慌的 cognitive adj. 认知的 cognition n. 认知；感知；认识 psychological adj. 心灵的； 精神上的；心理学的 psychology n. 心理学；心理 negatively adv. 否定地；消极地 negative adj. 消极的；负面的；否定的 negativity n. 否定性，消极性 positive adj. 积极的; 肯定的 nerve n. 神经；神经紧张；勇气，气魄 nervous adj. 焦虑的；神经质的 nervously adv. 神经质地；焦急地 get on one’s nerve 在某人的神经上 beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 benefit n. 优势；益处 vt. & vi. 对(某人)有用；使受益 benefit from.......受益于......... be beneficial to.......对........有益 capable adj. 有能力；有才能；能力强的 capably adv. 能干地 capability n. 能力；才能；军事武器 be capable of.........胜任于......... malnutrition n. 营养不良 malnutritional adj. 营养不良的 nutrition n. 营养；滋养 universe n. 宇宙 universal adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的；普遍存在的 isolation n. 隔离，隔离状态；孤独，孤立状态 isolate vt. (使)隔离，孤立 isolated adj. 孤独的； 孤立的 be isolated from.........与.......隔离 inject vt.(给……)注射(药物等)；(给……)添加 injection n. 注射；大量资金的投入 accumulate vt. 积累，积聚 vi. (数量)逐渐增加 accumulation n. 积累，堆积；堆积物 accumulate my knowledge 增加我的知识 humidity n. 湿度；高温潮湿 humid adj. 温暖潮湿的；湿热的 remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的；引人注目的 remarkably adv. 不寻常地；奇怪地 remark n. / v. 评论 remark on sth 评论........ resist vt. & vi. 忍住，抵挡；抵制，阻挡；反抗，抵抗 resistance n. 反对；抵制；抵抗力 resistant adj. 抵制的，反抗的；有抵抗力的 resist doing sth抵制做某事 investigate vt. & vi.侦查；研究；调查 investigation n. 调查；侦查；学术研究 investigative adj.调查研究的；侦查的 imitate vt. 模仿；仿效；模仿 imitation n. 仿制品；赝品；模仿；效仿 stimulate vt. 激发；激励；刺激；使兴奋 stimulus n. 刺激；刺激物；激励因素 stimulative adj. 刺激的，激励的 stimulate one;s interest激发某人的兴趣 creativity n. 创造力；创造性 create vt. 创造；创作；造成 creative adj. 创造性的；有想象力的 observation n. 观察；观测；监视 observe vt. 注意到；观察；注视；评论 observe sb doing sth观察某人正在做某事 intensify vt. & vi. (使)加强，增强 intense adj. 十分强烈的；激烈的；热切的 intensive adj. 加强的，集中的；精耕细作的 intensity n. 强烈；（光、声音等的）强度 appreciate vt. & vi. 欣赏；赏识； 感激；理解；增值 appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢；理解 appreciable adj. 相当可观的 appreciate doing sth欣赏做某事 I’d appreciate it if you could........如果你...........我将不胜感激。 strength n. 力量；强度；力气；优势，毅力 strengthen vt. & vi. 加强；增强；巩固 strong adj. 强壮的；坚强的；强大的 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 intelligent adj. 聪明的；智能的；有才智的 intelligence n. 智力；才智 （二）短语 1. shine its steady light down on us将其稳定的光线照射到我们身上 2. from our perspective从我们的角度来看 3. be essential for the plant's survival对植物的生存至关重要 4. the naked eye 肉眼 5. play a vital role in … 在……中发挥重要作用 6. suffer from health problems有健康问题 7. enhance our psychological health 增强我们的心理健康 8. get rid of current health issues消除当前的健康问题 9. dig up buried treasure 挖掘埋藏的宝藏 10. fit in with 适应，与……合得来 11. date back to 1958追溯到1958年 12. be engaged in bionics 从事仿生学研究 13. stimulate their creativity 激发他们的创造力 14. bridge the gap between nature and innovation 弥合了自然和创新之间的鸿沟 15. be inset into 被嵌入 16. interact with light 与光相互作用 17. the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角 （三）语法—虚拟语气特殊考点 在非真实条件句中，有时条件句的动作和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，这时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整，这叫混合虚拟条件句或错综时间条件句。 例： If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.(be) If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.(know) If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.(go) If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.（do） 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在做得就会容易些了。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.（do） 如果他过去不听我的建议，他就不会做得这么好了。 有时假设的情况并不是以条件句的形式表示，而是通过一些介词短语或上下文等方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句，其作用与非真实条件句一样，并且可以转换为非真实条件句。or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 例： But for the storm I would have arrived much earlier. Without the storm I would have arrived much earlier. =If it had not been for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier. wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。 1)与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done 3)与将来事实相反 : wish + would/could/might+do 例如:I wish I could argue with you.（现在） 例如: I wish I hadn't become so conscious of every little change.（过去） 例如: I wish it would stop raining.（将来） would rather+ that…….. 1)与现在事实相反 : would rather + (that)+did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : would rather + (that)+had done 3)与将来事实相反 : would rather + did(were) 例如:John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。（不想现在过来） 例如:I would rather you had not done that.我真希望你没有做那件事。(过去没做) 表示要求、命令、建议的从句中,谓语通常用“（should）+V原形” 常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议, 四个要求 1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise, suggest, propose 4). demand, require, request, desire 注意： 1）insist作“坚决（主张），坚决（要求）”解时，表示一个主张或一种看法，后接的宾语从句采用虚拟语气；作“坚持（说）”，表示一个事实，后接的从句采用陈述语气。 2）suggest作“表明，暗示”用陈述语气；作“建议”时才用虚拟语气。 基本句型： 1. It be+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 过去分词：suggested, requested, ordered, proposed… 2. It be+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+… 形容词: important, necessary, natural, right, wrong, better, proper, funny, strange, surprising… 3. It be+名词（ a pity/a shame/ no wonder） that…+ (should)+动词原形+… 例： It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. It’s suggested that everybody (should) buy a dictionary. It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. It's important that we (should) take good care of the patient. 用在由as if/though引导的状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时;表示将来用would + 动词原形。 例如: Don't treat me as if I were a child. If only 要是…就好了 = I wish 1)与现在事实相反 : did(were) 2)与过去事实相反 : had done 3)与将来事实相反 : would/could/might+do 辨析if only 和only if的用法： ▲only if 引起的条件状语从句，表示“只有……(才) ；只有在……的时候；唯一的条件是……”的意思；与if引起的一般条件句相比，它有一种增强语气的作用，主句需倒装。 例如：Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情况紧急时，你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。 ▲if only引导的条件句，通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望，相当于as long as，常用虚拟语气。 例如：If only I were as clever as you！要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊 If only I had taken her advice!(take) 如果我听从了她的建议就好了。(事实是：我没有听从) It’s (about/high) time +that---过去时/should +V. 在"It is time (that) ......."句型中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式一般用过去式，意思是“该干某事的时候了”。 例如: It’s (high) time we did housework. It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed.=It’s time for us to go to bed. 我们该去睡觉了。 教材习题01 没有他们的帮助，我们不可能实现我们的梦想。 We __________________________________ without their help 解题方法 or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 【答案】couldn't have realized our dream 教材习题02 我朋友借钱给我了。否则，我可付不起这次旅费。 My friends lent me the money. __________,______________________________. 解题方法 or, otherwise, with, without, but for, but, under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。 【答案】Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the fare of the trip 考点一 单元重点词汇 1. The planet should be visible to the n__________ eye. 2. Look! The workers are i__________ this amazing picture into this map. 3. I am h__________ on collecting clocks. 4. Please be careful. This s__________ is very sharp. 5. She saw her mother’s eyes t__________ with amusement. 6. Do these plans f__________ in with your arrangements? 7. Recent losses have c__________ out any profits made at the start of the year. 8. The d__________ of the flakes and the depth of the snow prevented us from seeing the road clearly. 9. Don’t tell your secret to him before you get a s__________ relationship. 10. The sea and the sky seemed to b__________ into each another. 11. Many deaf people have feelings of i__________ and loneliness. 12. His heart m__________ when he saw the little girl crying. 13. When water changes to water v__________, we say it evaporates（蒸发）. 14. Dust and dirt soon a__________ if a house is not cleaned regularly. 15. It’s handmade. H__________ it is very expensive. 16. As with all new ideas it met with r__________. 17. His appointment to this important post was a f__________ in his cap. 18. It was a m__________ that they managed to catch the train. 19. The book is more satisfying if you read each chapter in s__________. 20. They have taken a wrong turning in their assumption that all men and women think a__________. 【答案】 1. naked 2. inserting 3. hooked 4. saw 5. twinkling 6. fit 7. cancelled 8. density 9. steady 10. blend 11. isolation 12. melted 13. vapour 14. accumulate 15. Hence 16. resistance 17. feather 18. miracle 19. sequence 20. alike 考点二 单元短语填空 from one’s perspective play a vital role get rid of fit in with dig up date back to be engaged in be inset into interact with the tip of the iceberg 1. The concept of economic law________________ the 18th century. 2. He's never done this type of work before; I'm not sure how he'll___________________ the other people. 3.Good reading skills ____________________in students' lives. 4. Let me know if you ____________anything about him. 5. He __________________a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company. 6. ________my_______, if you really want to learn something, do not give it up because of lack of money. 7. To be honest, what we have done here is just________________________! 8.________________ all cigarettes and ashtrays and other paraphernalia associated with smoking. 9.Teachers have a limited amount of time to _______________each child. 10.Ceramic tiles________________ the tables. 【答案】 1. dates back to 2. fit in with 3. play a vital role 4. dig up 5. was engaged in 6. From ; perspective 7. the tip of the iceberg 8. Get rid of 9. interact with 10. were inset into 考点三 单句语法填空 1. It’s well known that teaching in China is not ____________ (reward) financially. 2. Little Tom was ____________ (freeze) with fear when the accident happened. 3. Deaths from shark attacks are not as common as____________ from other causes. 4. The underlying meaning of the poem seems to be ____________ his grasp. 5. Outwardly she seemed confident but in ____________ (real) she felt extremely nervous. 6. Anyone who can give a helpful clue ____________ the missing girl will be rewarded by the family. 7. If you want to sway someone to your side, you need to convince them emotionally and ____________ (logic). 8. Modest and easy ____________ (approach), he soon put everyone completely at ease. 9. Cutting down trees and ____________ (dig) up grass can cause deserts and sandstorms to increase. 10. The witnesses' statements ____________ each other and the facts remained unclear. In the court the witnesses gave two completely ____________ accounts.(contradict) 11. China sticks to its choice of path, but is never ________________ (rigid)opposed to change. 12. They show respect for each other in spite of different ________________(belief). 13. The little boy is ________________ (bend) on becoming a policeman when he grows up. 14. Our school doesn't advocate students ________________(stay) in the classroom too long because students should have time for sports. 15. I hold the firm belief ________________ with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. 16. An accident happened at the corner of the street, ________________(claim) 3 lives and 5 injured. 17. A man ________________ (claim) to represent every minority group in the city won the election for mayor. 18. He claimed ________________ (badly, treat) in the supermarket. 19. China has almost the same size as the USA but its population is six times larger than of the USA. 20. Some teenagers are not aware of the dangerous effect of drug abuse _______ their physical and mental health. 21.—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I'm not _________________ (blame), mum. I am what you have made me. 22. Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago, he hasn't dared _________________ (get) back into one. 23. This function of the Internet is particularly _________________ (strike) when I'm writing 24. The government has taken effective measures to maintain the _________________ (stable) of house prices. 25. The school cannot tolerate anyone _________________(cheat) on exams. 26. _________________(cast) a grateful smile at the woman, I thanked her from the bottom of my heart. 27. _________________(owe) to not receiving any response, he decided to write to them again. 28. Her daughter is very clever and often _________________ as a genius. (represent) 29. The plan makes no allowance _________________ people working at different rates. 30. Tourists, _________ by the ________ views of the old castle, visit this beauty castle all year round. (fascinate) 【答案】 1. rewarding 2. frozen 3. those 4. beyond 5. reality 6. to 7. logically 8. to approach 9. digging 10. contradicted; contradictory 11. rigidly 12. beliefs 13. bent 14. staying 15. that 16. claiming 17. claiming 18. to have been badly treated 19. that 20. on/upon 21. to blame 22. (to) get 23. striking 24. stability 25. cheating 26. Casting 27. Owing 28. represented 29. for 30. fascinated; fascinating 考点四 虚拟语气特殊考点 1.如果没有你的认可和指导，我不可能写这篇文章。再次非常感谢！ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much! 2.如果救援队晚一点到达，我就不会成功了。塔兹是我忠实的朋友，我们永远有着特殊的纽带。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If the rescue team had arrived later, I wouldn’t have made it. Taz is my loyal friend – we’ll always have a special bond. 3.在她和其他邻居挥手告别消失在晚雪中之前，她说：“没什么大不了的。很乐意帮忙。你也会这么做的！” ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Before she and the other neighbors waved goodbye and disappeared into the evening snow, she said, “It’s not a big deal. Happy to help. You would have done the same thing!” 4.因此，现在是我们立即采取行动的时候了以改变局势。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Therefore, it's time that we took immediate action to change the situation. 一、单词拼写题 1. Violence __________（加强，加剧）during the night last year. 2. He took away a shopping bag full of __________（纸币）. 3. The lines __________（相交；交叉）at right angles. 4. The mountains provided a dramatic __________（周围陪衬景物）for our picnic. 5. As children grow older, their __________（认知的）processes become sharper. 6. There's a shortage of suitable kidneys for __________（移植）. 7. The public areas offer a subtle__________（融合）of traditional charm with modern amenities. 8. __________（肥胖）can increase the risk of heart disease. 9. They injected the drug directly into her __________（体内循环的血液，血流）. 10. The company is eager to gain a __________（稳固地位，立足点）in Europe. 11. Every __________（神经）in her body was tense. 12. They are hoping a change of leader will __________（注射；增加）new energy into the movement. 13. The questions should be asked in a logical __________（顺序）. 14. John is an experienced __________（木匠）and his works are highly praised by his customers. 15. The little boy was drawing a __________（螺旋形）in his book and this shape was difficult. 16. Helen majored in __________（仿生学）in the university. 17. Students were visiting many __________（外骨骼）in the museum. 18. The air was __________（芳香的）with the smell of orange blossoms. 19. The government spends a __________ （万亿）on education annually. 20. The __________（疫苗）was used to protect the whole population against infection. 【答案】 1. intensified 2. banknotes 3. intersect 4. backdrop 5. cognitive 6. transplant 7. blend 8. Obesity 9. bloodstream 10. foothold 11. nerve 12. inject 13. sequence 14. carpenter 15. spiral 16. bionics 17. exoskeletons 18. fragrant 19. trillion 20. vaccine 二、语法填空题 In many countries, ___1___ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.___2___, in the United States, this idea may still be considered strange. But this type of housing,___3___(call)co-housing, is gaining___4___(popular) in the United States, too, Co-housing complexes are popping up cross the country. For many people, this way of life is___5___relief to the busy modern lifestyle. A co-housing community has ___6___ (private)owned houses and shared land. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room. About 25 co-housing communities___7___ (build)so far, and 150 more are being planned. A co-housing complex is a place ___8___ residents shop, cook, and eat together. Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play___9___, which many families like. Other residents like the feeling in a “village”. Residents also say that they can live in co-housing for _____10_____ (little)money than they would pay for nearby apartments. 【答案】 1. it 2. However 3. called 4. popularity 5. A 6. privately 7. have been built 8. where 9. with 10. less 三、单句语法填空 1. We found it hard to win in this __________ (intensify) competition. 2. Traffic lights have been placed at all major __________ (intersect). 3. The ink had faded to __________ (invisible). 4. Perception is important in social __________ (cognitive). 5. Patients often reject __________ (transplant) organs. 6. Chemicals are injected __________ the fruit to reduce decay. 7. This tall tree was sawn __________ to make room for a new building. 8. The __________ (cancel) fee will be included in this ticket. 9. He felt very happy __________ (fit) in with his new roommate. 10. Many unique shapes __________ (inset) into this special material since last month. 11. The risk of being fat can __________ (intensify) by eating too much. 12. She was very __________ (nerve) about the future. 13. This tall tree __________ (saw) down by some naughty boys last night. 14. __________ (density)fog is covering roads in the north and visibility is very poor. 15. We anticipated that we would meet a certain amount of __________ (resist) to our plan. 【答案】 1. intense 2. intersections 3. invisibility 4. cognition 5. transplanted 6. into 7. Down8. cancellation 9. to fit 10. have been inserted 11. be intensified 12. nervous 13. was sawn 14. Dense 15. resistance ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$