第05讲 三大特殊句式预习（倒装句、强调句、虚拟语气）-【暑假自学课】2024年高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第05讲 三大特殊句式预习（倒装句、强调句、虚拟语气） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练（3大考点） 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握选修第一册四个单元的整体语法知识点。 2.理解并运用高中的三大特殊句式。 3.掌握本册书的语法，运用相关知识进行写作。 （一）特殊句式之倒装句 一、倒装的用法 1.在here， there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装） e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you. There she comes. 2. 重复倒装句型，用在以so， nor， neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。 e.g. I am watching TV. So is she. My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I. She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother. You passed the exam. So did I. He doesn’t like shopping. Neither do i. He can’t speak any foreign language. Nor can his father. 表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is with… His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt. 3. 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装） e.g. "Very well，" said the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea， please." said he. 4. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, not only, little, few，seldom, no sooner…(than), not until, no where等否定或半否定意义的副词、连词放在句首时要用倒装句，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。 e.g. Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started. Not once did we visit the city of our own. Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person. Not only was there no electricity, but also no water. Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head. 5. 用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。 e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. Only in this way can we learn English well. 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。 e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修饰主语时则不用倒装） 6. 为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up， down， out， away， in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装） e.g. Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl. Away she went with tears in her eyes. 表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如: On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. In front of the classroom is a playground. 7. 在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were， had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 e.g. Had I time （= If I had time）， I would go and help you. Were I you （= If I were you）， I would go abroad. Should he come （=If he should come）， tell him to ring me up. 8. as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语）。 e.g. Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词） Hard as he worded， he made little progress. 9. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。 e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the People's Republic of China！ 10. So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。 So happy did he feel. Such was me. 11.固定搭配 hardly…when; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。 The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began. No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work. 12. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如: Many a time has John given me good advice. Often have we made that test. 13. so+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。 Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. = So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days. 14.done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil. 15.为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。 East of the town lies a beautiful lake. In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients. （二）特殊句式之强调句 为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…；表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。 一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was… that(who)…。 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night. 强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night. 强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night. 强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 谓语动词的强调 It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。 注意： ①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语是第三人称单数）的强调； ②does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定句主语是第三人称单数的强调； ③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。 They do work hard at maths.他们对数学的学习确实很努力。 He does send an email to me every day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。 He did do his homework yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。 强调句与其它句型的结合 与定语从句的结合句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句。 ①It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which 【答案】A ②Is _______three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to come to school on foot? A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that; 【答案】B （三）特殊句式之虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 时间 虚拟条件句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反 If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） 主语+should\would\could\might +动词原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If I were you, I would seize the opportunity to go abroad. 与过去事实相反 If+主语+had+过去分词 主语+should\would\could\might+have +过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 与将来事实相反 ① If + 主语+动词过去式 ② If+主语+were to+动词原形 ③If+ 主语+should+动词原形 主语+should\would\could\might +动词原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have te meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 注意： 1、当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 2、if 省略句 If 引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had, should, were 时，可将if省略，而将had, should, were 置于句首，采用倒装结构。 If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had home earlier, you would have caught the bus. →Had you home earlier, you would have caught the bus. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用谓语动词的省略形式。 Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(T) Weren’t it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(F) 3、含蓄条件句 用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的介词有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。 1）but for, without 等引导的虚拟语气 Eg. Without your help, we could not have succeeded. But for electricity, there would be no modern industry. 2）Otherwise, but, or引导的虚拟语气 Eg. He was having a meeting, otherwise he would have come over to help us. He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party. 二、虚拟语气在名词性中的应用 1、主语从句中的虚拟语气：It is + adj. (n.\-ed)+ that +主语+should+动词原形。 常见的这类形容词有： advisable适当的，合理的 natural 自然的 anxious 忧虑的，焦急的 necessary 必要的 regretful 遗憾的 desirable 理想的 strange 奇怪的 surprising 惊奇的 important 重要的 常见的这类过去分词有: decided 决定 recommended 建议 demanded 要求 required 要求 desired 想往 requested 要求 ordered 命令 suggested 建议 常见的这类名词有： duty 职责 pity 遗憾 no surprise 不奇怪 no wonder 不足为奇 shame 羞耻，不像话 Eg. It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she shouldn’t have been invited. It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. It is no surprise that John should have won the game. 2、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）某些动词后接宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：主语+要求跟虚拟语气从句的动词+（that）+（should）+动词原形。 常见的动词有： advise 劝告 order 命令 decide 决定 propose 提议 demand 要求，需求 recommend 建议 request 要求 require 要求，请求 insist 坚持 suggest 建议 urge 力劝 记忆口诀：一个“坚持（坚持）”，两个“命令”（order， command），三个“建议”（suggest, advise, propose）,四个“要求”（demand, ask, request, require） 注意：insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句中不用虚拟语气，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，从句中也不用虚拟语气。 Eg. He insisted that the meeting be put off. They proposed that all the plans (should ) be discussed at the meeting. He insisted that the conference should be put off till the next month. He insisted that he had done nothing wrong. He suggested that Mr. Smith be invited to the party. His pale look suggested that he was in poor health. (2) 在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为：（should）+动词原形。这一句型中使用的形容词同上。 Eg. We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting. (3) 在expect, believe, think, suggest等动词的否定式或疑问式后面的宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，表示惊奇，怀疑和不满等。形式为：should+动词原形或should+现在完成式。 Eg. I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier. I never expected that the problem should have been solved that way. (4) wish 后面所跟宾语从句要求用虚拟语气： 时间 形式 对现在情况虚拟 wish+主语+动词过去式 对过去情况虚拟 wish+主语+had+动词过去分词 对将来情况虚拟 wish+主语+would+动词原形 Eg. I wish I knew what was going to happen. She wished she had stayed at home. How I wish I could live another five hundred years. 4、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。 其形式为：should+动词原形 常见的名词有： advice 劝告 preference 选择 demand 要求 proposal 提议 desire 愿望 request 要求 requirement 要求 necessity 必要性 order 命令 suggestion 建议 三、虚拟语气在其他情况中的应用 在 would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和 would prefer 等后面所跟的从句时，也可用虚拟语气。表示愿望，意为“宁愿”“但愿”。 时间 形式 表示现在或将来的情况 would rather (would sooner)+主语+动词过去式 表示过去情况 would rather (would sooner)+主语+had+动词过去分词 Eg. I’d rather he didn’t go now. I’d just as soon you had been here yesterday. would rather +动词原形\现在完成时 would rather+ do：表示现在或将来的愿望 would rather+ have done :表示过去的愿望 eg. I’d rather go to have class. They would rather not have been to that party. 3、在It is (high\about) time that… 句型中 It is (high\about) time +过去式\should+动词原形，意为“该是……的时候了”，表示早该做而未做的事，含建议的意味。 Eg. It is time (that) we went home. It is high time (that) the weather improved. 4、在“if only”引起的感叹句中，表示愿望。 时间 形式 与现在或将来事实相反的愿望 If only +主语+动词过去式 If only +主语+could\would+动词原形 与过去事实相反的愿望 If only +主语+had+动词过去分词 Eg. If only he were here! If only I had not been busy last week. if only 也可以用于虚拟条件句中。 Eg. If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 5、在in case, lest, for fear that 引导的从句中 lest(in case, for fear that) + 主语+should+动词原形。其中，lest, for fear that 句中的should可以省略。in case句中的should通常不省略，但是in case句中可以不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。lest, for fear that 后面也可以接其他形式。 Eg. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. I will not make a noise for fear that I (should\might) disturb you. She hid her jewelry for fear that it would be stolen. 6、as if\as though 引导的句子中： 1）表示与主句动作同时发生：主句+as if\though+主语+were\was\动词过去式 2）表示动作可能在将来发生：主句+as if\though+主语+could\would+动词原形 3）表示动作发生在主句动作之前：主句+as if\though+主语+had+过去分词 Eg. She talks as if she knew all about it. She behaved as if nothing had happened. She talks it again and again as though she would never end. 7、had hoped +would+动词原形，“想要，希望” Eg. We had hoped that you would stay with us for some time. 8、 Intend, mean, plan, want, hope后跟虚拟语气，表示过去想做而没有做。其形式为: （1）intended+ to have done (2) had intended+ to do Eg. I intended to attended the meeting, but I was ill. She had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained. 9、even if\though引导的让步状语从句中 时间 形式 与现在情况相反 may\might+动词原形，有时may、might可以省略 与过去情况相反 过去完成时 与之用法相似的词还有：though\as though\so long as o matter what\whatever\whenever\whoever 等。 Eg. However dangerous it might be, he would have a try. Even though I had been very busy then, I would have helped you. 教材习题01 如果我昨天听从了他的建议，我就不会被老师责备了。(使用if虚拟语气) 解题方法 If句式中对于过去发生的事情的虚拟，主句用would have done，从句用had done. 【答案】If I had listened to his advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have been scolded by the teacher. 教材习题02 如果没有他的帮助，我就不会取得英语方面这么大的进步。(使用without虚拟语气) 解题方法 Without引导的是含蓄虚拟语气，这里表示对过去相反的假设，需要用would have done。 【答案】Without his help, I wouldn’t have made such great progress. 教材习题03 山顶山有一座学校。 (使用地点状语位于句首的倒装句) 解题方法 地点状语位于句首时可以采用全部倒装的句式。 【答案】On the top pf the hill lies a school. 教材习题04 是昨天下午杰克找我打篮球。 (使用It is/was………that……强调句) 解题方法 It is/was…….that……..强调句被强调的部分是一个时间状语“yesterday afternoon”，所以把它放在句子中间。 【答案】It was yesterday afternoon that Jack asked me to play basketball. 考点一 倒装句 1. Not until recently the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged C.did they encourage D.they encouraged 2. Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the contract at home. A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize 3. ——Why can't I smoke here? ——At no time___ in the meeting-room. A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 4.No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. ______ , it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a eraser. A. Hard a diamond is B. Hard as a diamond is C. As a diamond is hard D. How hard is a diamond 6. ____ at the railway station when it began to rain. A. Hardly had he arrived B. Hardly he had arrived C. No sooner did he arrive D. No sooner arrived he 7. ______today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Were he leaving C. Were he to leave D. Had he left 8. ____ that it was made into a film. A. So great the success of the book was B. So successful the book was C. So the book was successful D. So great was the success of the book 9. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing 10. Out , with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush 11. On the river bank where he once lived. A. stand a house B. a house stands C. does a house stand D. stands a house 12. Out after the door was opened. A. did the dog run B. ran the dog C. the dog ran D. does the dog run 13. At the foot of the mountain __________________. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 【答案】CDADB ACDAC DBB 考点二 强调句 1.—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? — Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made. A. that B. where C. when D. which 2.It’s not what we do once in a while ________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when John’s success has 3.nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _______has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. when D. that 4.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B. that C. when D. which 5.The police were seeking more information to find out ______ the rich merchant. A. who was it that killed B. who it was that killed C. it was who killed D. who was it killed 6.It was in the factory _________ his friend worked _______ he picked up a lot of experience. A. where, where B. that, where C. that, that D. where, that 7.—Did you arrive here this morning? —Yes, it was at nine o’clock we came here. A. when B. before C. which D. that 8.—Do you still believe in love? —Absolutely. It is not time, money, power or whatever but love cures our pain. A. who B. which C. that D. what 9. Is it only on the world market ________we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods? A. where B. which C. that D. how 10.—I don’t know makes her different from others. —Honesty, I think A. how is it that B. how it is that C. what is it that D. what it is that 11. Personally I think it is the headmaster, rather than the students, to blame in this respect. A. is B. that is C. are D. who are 12. —All the passengers were injured in the accident? —No, only three children. A. it was B. it were C. there were D. there was 【答案】ABDBB DDCCD BA 考点三 虚拟语气 1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now. A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing 2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.” A. He’d better give up drinking B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so 3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.” A. do B. are C. will D. would 4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.” A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come (1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “I’d rather you ______.” A. won’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t (2) “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.” A. didn’t B. hadn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t (3) “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.” A. won’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on (1) The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital. A. wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent C. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent (2) The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free. A. should do, should be B. had done, should be C. had done, had been D. should do, had been (3) I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then. A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel 6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up 7.Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been 8. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home. A. didn’t offer B. wouldn’t offer C. hasn’t offered D. hadn’t offered 9.If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful. A. haven’t made B. wouldn’t make C. didn’t make D. hadn’t made 10. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we________ more places of interest yesterday. A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 11. Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live 【答案】1-3 BDD 4.BBB 5.BBB 6-11 BBDDDD 一、单项选择题 1.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I' d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 2. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 3.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved 4.John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 5.If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 6.If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 7.--The weather has been very hot and dry. --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died ( ( ) ) ( 来源： )版权 8.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 9.If my car _________more reliable, I would have driven to London instead of flying last summer. A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 10. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 【答案】BCADB CDDBC 二、语法填空题 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chocolate is everywhere, but science is still sorting out this adored product. In 2018, Planta Medica published a review of previous research on chocolate's effect 56 mood. The authors found that few of the studies 57 (analyze) chemically the chocolate consumed by participants. That matters, said the authors, because chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it 58 (process), such as roasting temperature and time. Also, one specific chemical, interaction between multiple chemicals or something else may 59 (entire) affect health. Our brains naturally produce anandamide (大麻素). And it's also found in chocolate, 60 leads to claims that the sweet stuff is the ultimate feel -good food. But, as the 2018 review noted, chocolate has only tiny 61 (amount) of anandamide, and it breaks down quickly. Chocoholics take heart, literally. A 2015 study linked 62 (high) chocolate consumption with a lower risk for heart disease. Speaking of chocoholics, an April review of research on one's food 63 (addict) found evidence that chocolate produced neurobiological changes similar to those 64 (see) with drug use. The studies were not conclusive, 65 . So science still has to sort that one out too. 【答案】 56. on/ upon 57. had analyzed/ analyzed 58. is processed 59. entirely 60. which 61. amounts 62. higher 63. addiction 64. seen 65. however/ though China shows first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by Tianwen I The China National Space Administration made public on Thursday morning the first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by the nation's spacecraft. The pictures - two black-and-white and one color - were shot 56． (recent) by China's Tianwen 1 robotic probe when 57． spacecraft was travelling in Mars orbit, according to the administration. The two black-and-white 7-meter-resolution 58．(image) were taken by the high-definition camera on Tianwen I's orbiter when the probe was about 330 to 350 kilometers above the Martian surface. Craters, mountain ridges and sand dunes on the red planet are clear on the pictures. The color picture was generated by another camera on the orbiter, 59． (show) Mars’ north pole. Tianwen 1, the country's first 60． ( independence) Mars mission, 61． (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23, 2020 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, kicking off the nation's planetary exploration program. The 5-metric ton probe, 62．consists of two major parts - the orbiter and the landing capsule - has flown for 224 days and about 475 million km. Currently, it is about 212 million km away 63．Earth, according to the administration. It entered 64． (it) preset parking orbit above Mars on Feb 24 and would fly in this orbit for about three months before releasing its landing capsule, said the administration. All of the seven mission payloads(承载) on the orbiter will be activated during the probe’s stay in the parking orbit 65． (carry) out scientific tasks and also to observe and analyze the landforms and weathers of the optimal landing site. 【答案】 56．recently57．the58．images59．showing60．independent 61．was launched 62．which 63．from64．its65．to carry ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲 三大特殊句式预习（倒装句、强调句、虚拟语气） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练（3大考点） 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握选修第一册四个单元的整体语法知识点。 2.理解并运用高中的三大特殊句式。 3.掌握本册书的语法，运用相关知识进行写作。 （一）特殊句式之倒装句 一、倒装的用法 1.在here， there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装） e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you. There she comes. 2. 重复倒装句型，用在以so， nor， neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。 e.g. I am watching TV. So is she. My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I. She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother. You passed the exam. So did I. He doesn’t like shopping. Neither do i. He can’t speak any foreign language. Nor can his father. 表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is with… His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt. 3. 直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装） e.g. "Very well，" said the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea， please." said he. 4. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, not only, little, few，seldom, no sooner…(than), not until, no where等否定或半否定意义的副词、连词放在句首时要用倒装句，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。 e.g. Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army. Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started. Not once did we visit the city of our own. Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person. Not only was there no electricity, but also no water. Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head. 5. 用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。 e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. Only in this way can we learn English well. 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。 e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修饰主语时则不用倒装） 6. 为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up， down， out， away， in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装） e.g. Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl. Away she went with tears in her eyes. 表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如: On the top of the hill stands a pine tree. In front of the classroom is a playground. 7. 在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were， had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。 e.g. Had I time （= If I had time）， I would go and help you. Were I you （= If I were you）， I would go abroad. Should he come （=If he should come）， tell him to ring me up. 8. as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语）。 e.g. Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词） Hard as he worded， he made little progress. 9. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。 e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the People's Republic of China！ 10. So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。 So happy did he feel. Such was me. 11.固定搭配 hardly…when; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。 The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began. No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work. 12. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如: Many a time has John given me good advice. Often have we made that test. 13. so+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。 Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. = So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days. 14.done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。 Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil. 15.为了保持句子的平蘅或为了强调表语和状语，或使上下文紧密衔接，把它们放在句首用倒装句。该结构不需加助动词。 East of the town lies a beautiful lake. In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. Outside the doctor’s clinic were twenty patients. （二）特殊句式之强调句 为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…；表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。 一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was… that(who)…。 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 强调主语：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night. 强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night. 强调地点状语：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night. 强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 谓语动词的强调 It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词do/does或did。 注意： ①do用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语是第三人称单数）的强调； ②does用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定句主语是第三人称单数的强调； ③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。 They do work hard at maths.他们对数学的学习确实很努力。 He does send an email to me every day.他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。 He did do his homework yesterday.昨天他确实做了家庭作业。 强调句与其它句型的结合 与定语从句的结合句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句。 ①It was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which ②Is _______three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to come to school on foot? A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that; （三）特殊句式之虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 时间 虚拟条件句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反 If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） 主语+should\would\could\might +动词原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If I were you, I would seize the opportunity to go abroad. 与过去事实相反 If+主语+had+过去分词 主语+should\would\could\might+have +过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 与将来事实相反 ① If + 主语+动词过去式 ② If+主语+were to+动词原形 ③If+ 主语+should+动词原形 主语+should\would\could\might +动词原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have te meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 注意： 1、当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 2、if 省略句 If 引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had, should, were 时，可将if省略，而将had, should, were 置于句首，采用倒装结构。 If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had home earlier, you would have caught the bus. →Had you home earlier, you would have caught the bus. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用谓语动词的省略形式。 Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(T) Weren’t it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(F) 3、含蓄条件句 用介词短语代替条件状语从句，常用的介词有：without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, but等。 1）but for, without 等引导的虚拟语气 Eg. Without your help, we could not have succeeded. But for electricity, there would be no modern industry. 2）Otherwise, but, or引导的虚拟语气 Eg. He was having a meeting, otherwise he would have come over to help us. He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party. 二、虚拟语气在名词性中的应用 1、主语从句中的虚拟语气：It is + adj. (n.\-ed)+ that +主语+should+动词原形。 常见的这类形容词有： advisable适当的，合理的 natural 自然的 anxious 忧虑的，焦急的 necessary 必要的 regretful 遗憾的 desirable 理想的 strange 奇怪的 surprising 惊奇的 important 重要的 常见的这类过去分词有: decided 决定 recommended 建议 demanded 要求 required 要求 desired 想往 requested 要求 ordered 命令 suggested 建议 常见的这类名词有： duty 职责 pity 遗憾 no surprise 不奇怪 no wonder 不足为奇 shame 羞耻，不像话 Eg. It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she shouldn’t have been invited. It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. It is no surprise that John should have won the game. 2、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）某些动词后接宾语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：主语+要求跟虚拟语气从句的动词+（that）+（should）+动词原形。 常见的动词有： advise 劝告 order 命令 decide 决定 propose 提议 demand 要求，需求 recommend 建议 request 要求 require 要求，请求 insist 坚持 suggest 建议 urge 力劝 记忆口诀：一个“坚持（坚持）”，两个“命令”（order， command），三个“建议”（suggest, advise, propose）,四个“要求”（demand, ask, request, require） 注意：insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句中不用虚拟语气，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，从句中也不用虚拟语气。 Eg. He insisted that the meeting be put off. They proposed that all the plans (should ) be discussed at the meeting. He insisted that the conference should be put off till the next month. He insisted that he had done nothing wrong. He suggested that Mr. Smith be invited to the party. His pale look suggested that he was in poor health. (2) 在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为：（should）+动词原形。这一句型中使用的形容词同上。 Eg. We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting. (3) 在expect, believe, think, suggest等动词的否定式或疑问式后面的宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，表示惊奇，怀疑和不满等。形式为：should+动词原形或should+现在完成式。 Eg. I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier. I never expected that the problem should have been solved that way. (4) wish 后面所跟宾语从句要求用虚拟语气： 时间 形式 对现在情况虚拟 wish+主语+动词过去式 对过去情况虚拟 wish+主语+had+动词过去分词 对将来情况虚拟 wish+主语+would+动词原形 Eg. I wish I knew what was going to happen. She wished she had stayed at home. How I wish I could live another five hundred years. 4、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。 其形式为：should+动词原形 常见的名词有： advice 劝告 preference 选择 demand 要求 proposal 提议 desire 愿望 request 要求 requirement 要求 necessity 必要性 order 命令 suggestion 建议 三、虚拟语气在其他情况中的应用 在 would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和 would prefer 等后面所跟的从句时，也可用虚拟语气。表示愿望，意为“宁愿”“但愿”。 时间 形式 表示现在或将来的情况 would rather (would sooner)+主语+动词过去式 表示过去情况 would rather (would sooner)+主语+had+动词过去分词 Eg. I’d rather he didn’t go now. I’d just as soon you had been here yesterday. would rather +动词原形\现在完成时 would rather+ do：表示现在或将来的愿望 would rather+ have done :表示过去的愿望 eg. I’d rather go to have class. They would rather not have been to that party. 3、在It is (high\about) time that… 句型中 It is (high\about) time +过去式\should+动词原形，意为“该是……的时候了”，表示早该做而未做的事，含建议的意味。 Eg. It is time (that) we went home. It is high time (that) the weather improved. 4、在“if only”引起的感叹句中，表示愿望。 时间 形式 与现在或将来事实相反的愿望 If only +主语+动词过去式 If only +主语+could\would+动词原形 与过去事实相反的愿望 If only +主语+had+动词过去分词 Eg. If only he were here! If only I had not been busy last week. if only 也可以用于虚拟条件句中。 Eg. If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 5、在in case, lest, for fear that 引导的从句中 lest(in case, for fear that) + 主语+should+动词原形。其中，lest, for fear that 句中的should可以省略。in case句中的should通常不省略，但是in case句中可以不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。lest, for fear that 后面也可以接其他形式。 Eg. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. I will not make a noise for fear that I (should\might) disturb you. She hid her jewelry for fear that it would be stolen. 6、as if\as though 引导的句子中： 1）表示与主句动作同时发生：主句+as if\though+主语+were\was\动词过去式 2）表示动作可能在将来发生：主句+as if\though+主语+could\would+动词原形 3）表示动作发生在主句动作之前：主句+as if\though+主语+had+过去分词 Eg. She talks as if she knew all about it. She behaved as if nothing had happened. She talks it again and again as though she would never end. 7、had hoped +would+动词原形，“想要，希望” Eg. We had hoped that you would stay with us for some time. 8、 Intend, mean, plan, want, hope后跟虚拟语气，表示过去想做而没有做。其形式为: （1）intended+ to have done (2) had intended+ to do Eg. I intended to attended the meeting, but I was ill. She had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained. 9、even if\though引导的让步状语从句中 时间 形式 与现在情况相反 may\might+动词原形，有时may、might可以省略 与过去情况相反 过去完成时 与之用法相似的词还有：though\as though\so long as o matter what\whatever\whenever\whoever 等。 Eg. However dangerous it might be, he would have a try. Even though I had been very busy then, I would have helped you. 教材习题01 如果我昨天听从了他的建议，我就不会被老师责备了。(使用if虚拟语气) 解题方法 If句式中对于过去发生的事情的虚拟，主句用would have done，从句用had done. 【答案】 教材习题02 如果没有他的帮助，我就不会取得英语方面这么大的进步。(使用without虚拟语气) 解题方法 Without引导的是含蓄虚拟语气，这里表示对过去相反的假设，需要用would have done。 【答案】 教材习题03 山顶山有一座学校。 (使用地点状语位于句首的倒装句) 解题方法 地点状语位于句首时可以采用全部倒装的句式。 【答案】 教材习题04 是昨天下午杰克找我打篮球。 (使用It is/was………that……强调句) 解题方法 It is/was…….that……..强调句被强调的部分是一个时间状语“yesterday afternoon”，所以把它放在句子中间。 【答案】 考点一 倒装句 1. Not until recently the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged C.did they encourage D.they encouraged 2. Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the contract at home. A.she realized B.has she realized C.she has realized D.did she realize 3. ——Why can't I smoke here? ——At no time___ in the meeting-room. A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 4.No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. ______ , it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a eraser. A. Hard a diamond is B. Hard as a diamond is C. As a diamond is hard D. How hard is a diamond 6. ____ at the railway station when it began to rain. A. Hardly had he arrived B. Hardly he had arrived C. No sooner did he arrive D. No sooner arrived he 7. ______today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Were he leaving C. Were he to leave D. Had he left 8. ____ that it was made into a film. A. So great the success of the book was B. So successful the book was C. So the book was successful D. So great was the success of the book 9. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing 10. Out , with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush 11. On the river bank where he once lived. A. stand a house B. a house stands C. does a house stand D. stands a house 12. Out after the door was opened. A. did the dog run B. ran the dog C. the dog ran D. does the dog run 13. At the foot of the mountain __________________. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 考点二 强调句 1.—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? — Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made. A. that B. where C. when D. which 2.It’s not what we do once in a while ________ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently A .which B. that C. how D. when John’s success has 3.nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _______has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. when D. that 4.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B. that C. when D. which 5.The police were seeking more information to find out ______ the rich merchant. A. who was it that killed B. who it was that killed C. it was who killed D. who was it killed 6.It was in the factory _________ his friend worked _______ he picked up a lot of experience. A. where, where B. that, where C. that, that D. where, that 7.—Did you arrive here this morning? —Yes, it was at nine o’clock we came here. A. when B. before C. which D. that 8.—Do you still believe in love? —Absolutely. It is not time, money, power or whatever but love cures our pain. A. who B. which C. that D. what 9. Is it only on the world market ________we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods? A. where B. which C. that D. how 10.—I don’t know makes her different from others. —Honesty, I think A. how is it that B. how it is that C. what is it that D. what it is that 11. Personally I think it is the headmaster, rather than the students, to blame in this respect. A. is B. that is C. are D. who are 12. —All the passengers were injured in the accident? —No, only three children. A. it was B. it were C. there were D. there was 考点三 虚拟语气 1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now. A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing 2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.” A. He’d better give up drinking B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so 3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.” A. do B. are C. will D. would 4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.” A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come (1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “I’d rather you ______.” A. won’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t (2) “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.” A. didn’t B. hadn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t (3) “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.” A. won’t B. didn’t C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on (1) The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital. A. wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent C. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent (2) The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free. A. should do, should be B. had done, should be C. had done, had been D. should do, had been (3) I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then. A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel 6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up 7.Don’t handle the vase as if it ____ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been 8. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home. A. didn’t offer B. wouldn’t offer C. hasn’t offered D. hadn’t offered 9.If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful. A. haven’t made B. wouldn’t make C. didn’t make D. hadn’t made 10. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we________ more places of interest yesterday. A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 11. Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live 一、单项选择题 1.George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I' d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 2. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 3.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved 4.John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 5.If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 6.If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 7.--The weather has been very hot and dry. --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables . A. wouldn't die B. didn't die C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died ( ( ) ) ( 来源： )版权 8.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 9.If my car _________more reliable, I would have driven to London instead of flying last summer. A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 10. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 二、语法填空题 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chocolate is everywhere, but science is still sorting out this adored product. In 2018, Planta Medica published a review of previous research on chocolate's effect 56 mood. The authors found that few of the studies 57 (analyze) chemically the chocolate consumed by participants. That matters, said the authors, because chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it 58 (process), such as roasting temperature and time. Also, one specific chemical, interaction between multiple chemicals or something else may 59 (entire) affect health. Our brains naturally produce anandamide (大麻素). And it's also found in chocolate, 60 leads to claims that the sweet stuff is the ultimate feel -good food. But, as the 2018 review noted, chocolate has only tiny 61 (amount) of anandamide, and it breaks down quickly. Chocoholics take heart, literally. A 2015 study linked 62 (high) chocolate consumption with a lower risk for heart disease. Speaking of chocoholics, an April review of research on one's food 63 (addict) found evidence that chocolate produced neurobiological changes similar to those 64 (see) with drug use. The studies were not conclusive, 65 . So science still has to sort that one out too. China shows first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by Tianwen I The China National Space Administration made public on Thursday morning the first high-definition pictures of Mars taken by the nation's spacecraft. The pictures - two black-and-white and one color - were shot 56． (recent) by China's Tianwen 1 robotic probe when 57． spacecraft was travelling in Mars orbit, according to the administration. The two black-and-white 7-meter-resolution 58．(image) were taken by the high-definition camera on Tianwen I's orbiter when the probe was about 330 to 350 kilometers above the Martian surface. Craters, mountain ridges and sand dunes on the red planet are clear on the pictures. The color picture was generated by another camera on the orbiter, 59． (show) Mars’ north pole. Tianwen 1, the country's first 60． ( independence) Mars mission, 61． (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23, 2020 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, kicking off the nation's planetary exploration program. The 5-metric ton probe, 62．consists of two major parts - the orbiter and the landing capsule - has flown for 224 days and about 475 million km. Currently, it is about 212 million km away 63．Earth, according to the administration. It entered 64． (it) preset parking orbit above Mars on Feb 24 and would fly in this orbit for about three months before releasing its landing capsule, said the administration. All of the seven mission payloads(承载) on the orbiter will be activated during the probe’s stay in the parking orbit 65． (carry) out scientific tasks and also to observe and analyze the landforms and weathers of the optimal landing site. ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$