第07讲 语法填空提升讲解-【暑假自学课】2024年新高三英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第07讲 语法填空提升讲解 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握语法填空这个题型的做题步骤和技巧。 2.学会分析语法填空给提示词和无提示词的空格特征。 3.运用做语法填空的技巧去巩固英语语法。 （一）语法填空步骤一：判断所填空格的词性和相应变形 一般情况下语法填空所缺空格分为给提示和不给提示两种： 其中给提示词的空格所填词性为动词、名词、形容词、副词以及数词；不给提示词的空格所填词性为冠词、介词、连词、代词。 根据不同的词性我们会进行对应的词汇变形： （1）名词：可变为复数形式、名词所有格形式、名词对应的形容词或者动词形式 （2）动词：可判断是填写时态、被动语态还是非谓语形式。时态考察一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、两种进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时等。非谓语主要有doing 、done、to do不定式这种。 （3）形容词：可变为副词形式、比较级和最高级形式、形容词对应的反义词和名词形式 （4）副词：可还原为形容词形式、副词的比较级和最高级形式、副词的反义词形式 （二）语法填空步骤二：找准上下文的逻辑关系，选好逻辑词 不给提示词的空格一般考察的有冠词、介词、连词、代词。这里找逻辑关系主要是判断句子和句子间的连词或者是短语和短语间的连词。 我们常考的连词有： （1）简单连词：and/but/or/so （2）复杂连词：when/where/why/how/what/while/though/although/until/unless/because/that/whether/which /who/whom/whose/as(意思是“由于、随着、按照”)/if/as if/even if/so…..that…./such….that…../because/since（意思是“既然；自从”）等。 （三）语法填空步骤三：高频考点积累和实践 对于一般都会考察的冠词a/an/the要学会判断泛指还是特指； 代词有五格（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词）； 介词常考的有in/on/at/of/about/for/with/without/as（作为）/through/over/beyond/against/under/out of/before/after等。 教材习题01 In recent years, with the consumption upgrading of milk tea, there____38____(be) a boom in “new tea drinks” combining tea, fresh fruits and vegetables,____39____are particularly sought-after among young people. 解题方法 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，随着奶茶消费的升级，将茶叶与新鲜水果、蔬菜结合在一起的“新茶饮料”出现了热潮，尤其受到年轻人的追捧。根据上文In recent years可知为现在完成时，主语为a boom，助动词用has。故填has been。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：近年来，随着奶茶消费的升级，将茶叶与新鲜水果、蔬菜结合在一起的“新茶饮料”出现了热潮，尤其受到年轻人的追捧。非限制性定语从句修饰new tea drinks，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。 【答案】 教材习题02 The successful inclusion into ____43____list has further highlighted the important contribution the Chinese culture has made ____44____the diversity of human civilizations. 解题方法 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此次入选，进一步彰显了中华文化对人类文明多样性的重要贡献。list特指上文“the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list”应用定冠词。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：此次入选，进一步彰显了中华文化对人类文明多样性的重要贡献。表示“对……做出重要贡献”短语为make the important contribution to。故填to。 【答案】 考点一 名词、代词 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Ambassador (大使) to Romania Han Chunlin said that ___37___was the first time for the two countries to carry out film cooperation in an all-commercial mode, which provided new ideas and channels for future cultural exchanges and ___38___ (cooperate). During the four-day competition, over 50 million online ____44____ (view) had tuned in to watch live streaming of the games. Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part, of a girl's dowry (嫁妆) since the___43___(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs of___45___(they) own. Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Houtouwan soared to fame among Chinese netizens in 2015 when ____40____ series of attractive photographs of the deserted village went viral (走红). Instead of celebrating its new-found ____41____ (popular), the officials were cautious of the impact ____42____ (bring) by the sudden boom of tourists. But now, it’s ready for tourists. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the____71____(approve) of the Chinese government. Three Chinese astronauts aboard the Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship returned to Earth safely on Sunday and were loudly cheered in ___56___(recognize) of their outstanding performance and commitment. The Book of Changes, or Zhouyi in Chinese, is one of the ancient Chinese classics with ___56___ (emphasize) on the essential nature of changes.It is believed that Zhouyi originated from Fuxi, and further sublimed by Confucius and his disciples (门徒). Some netizens admitted to switching their fitness idol Pamela Reif to Liu, with some even calling ____45____ (them) ‘Liu Genghong boys or girls. ’ 考点二 形容词、副词 At the ceremony, a documentary “The magical Craftsmanship of Suzhou”, ___42___ focuses on artisan (工匠) specialists living in the folk craft-centric city, was screened, showing the development and boom of Chinese film art and the unique charm of Chinese ___43___ (tradition) culture in a warm and festive atmosphere. Still consider the CBA China’s ____36____ (popular) basketball league? Think again! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair of small equal-length sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating. We Chinese eat___36___chopsticks. It is believed the first chopsticks___37___(develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. Excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province, dating back to roughly 1,200 BC was the___38___(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze. Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. Chopsticks play___41___important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. They are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because___42___(maintain) an enough food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part, of a girl's dowry (嫁妆) since the___43___(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”. Chopsticks are ___44___(frequent) used in daily life. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs of___45___(they) own. The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. In 2002, the village was ____39____ (official) depopulated and merged into a nearby village. Deserted for decades, empty houses in the ocean-facing, cliff-side village have been occupied by a blanket of climbing plants. Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin,____66____(literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____68____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____69____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. Liu Yang said ___63___(excite). The trio conducted an in-orbit rotation (对接) with the Shenzhou-15 crew, a ___64___(history) gathering that added the workforce at the in-orbit space station to six for the first time. According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. The Ten Wings made Zhouyi much ____65____(easy) for ordinary people at the time to understand and are still used today. Best known as the father of Puff (his daughter’s nickname), ___38___ participated in the variety show Where Are We Going, Dad?, the buff celebrity makes his enthusiasm for fitness known by ___39___ (public) showing his muscles. He even trains his celebrity friends Jay Chou. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife appear ___40___ (energy), friendly, happy and super fit. 考点三 动词 Romanian film critic Irina Margareta Nistor welcomed the release of Chinese films in Romania,___39___ (hope) that Romanian audiences can better understand modern and contemporary China through the film festival. She called on the Romanian and Chinese film industries to ___40___ (strength) the friendship between the two countries. About 80 people, including local official representatives, people from Romanian cultural circles and friendship organizations, as well as overseas Chinese in Romania, ___41___ (attend) the opening ceremony. Local people ___45___ (be) able to watch six Chinese films, such as “Railway Heroes”, “Almost Love”, and “The Captain”. Still consider the CBA China’s ____36____ (popular) basketball league? Think again! With over 10,000 spectators (观众) ____37____ (roar) on their feet every night, ____38____ amateur inter-village basketball tournament held last week in Southwest China’s Guizhou province has become a massive hit online. In 2018, the village-level tournament ____39____ (include) in the Chi Xin Festival, which celebrates harvest on the sixth of June on the lunar calendar. Since then, the annual competition has become a center for enthusiasts from nearby and many who drive up to 200 km from Guiyang and surrounding areas ____40____ (experience) the unique gathering. “The number of spectators and the participating areas that the tournament covers ____41____ (increase) for four continuous years, and the key to its popularity is ____42____ this tournament truly belongs to local people and connects neighborhoods like no other event does. The proximity (邻近) to each and every player and spectator makes it special,” said Cen Jianglong, a co-organizer of the tournament, ____43____ has played basketball recreationally for 20 years. During the four-day competition, over 50 million online ____44____ (view) had tuned in to watch live streaming of the games. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian also joined in the fun, sharing a video clip of the games on Twitter accompanied by the message: “The rural basketball match in Guizhou is on! _____45_____ a great atmosphere!” It is believed the first chopsticks___37___(develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. They are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because___42___(maintain) an enough food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. This is relatable in the eyes of some, who think their academic qualifications didn’t lead to the job they wanted or deserved.” The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. Some netizens are concerned that education itself may one day be seen as superfluous (多余的). “When we were young, we ____43____ (tell) to study hard, and when we grew up, we would become astronauts and scientists,” a Weibo user commented. “Now it has become study hard to screw screws, to be a cleaner, to collect junk. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” In recent years, China has been pushing to expand vocational education as a means to solve the surplus of college graduates. However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. Houtouwan ____38____ (be) once a prosperous fishing village, with more than 3,000 residents. Instead of celebrating its new-found ____41____ (popular), the officials were cautious of the impact ____42____ (bring) by the sudden boom of tourists. But now, it’s ready for tourists. After more than two years of planning, Houtouwan—despite still being comparatively off-grid (不入网的) —has implemented a few new ____43____ (move) to control and take advantage of the boom to develop local economy. Signs are put up outside empty houses ____45____ (keep) tourists off possible dangers. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China,____67____(make) brocades in a unique way. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____68____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____69____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____70____(date) back to 417 AD. ____74____(survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. They were reported ___57___(accomplish) many “firsts” during their six-month space station mission. ___60___(orbit) 400 kilometers above the Earth for several months, they completed multiple tasks during their mission. They are the first crew ___61___(enter) the space station’s two lab modules, and they set a record of making three spacewalks on a single flight mission. Previously, there ____65____(be) at most three Chinese astronauts in space at a time. Legend goes that King Wen of Zhou was a very wise and able king,who attracted many like-minded people ___57___(join) him.So he was envied by the tyrannical king of the Shang Dynasty, who put him into prison. During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. In ancient times, people ___60___(awe) by natural disasters or accidents for “unknown reasons.” So they always referred to Zhouyi to explain these complex phenomena. When divining, they also turned to the auguries (占卜)___61___ (describe) in Zhouyi for inspiration. Ever since joining China’s fitness craze, singer and composer Liu Genghong ___36___ (do) well for himself in terms of his social media following. They exercise and dance to up-beat songs while explaining and showing their moves, often ___41___ (encourage) those to participate from their own living rooms. Although Liu’s dance moves look simple they are often too intense for his audience ___42___ (follow). The main reason for this is Liu’s carefully ___43___ (choose) playlist: Jay Chou songs often serve as his background music. 考点四 冠词、介词、连词 BUCHAREST——The “Chinese Film Days” kicked off here Friday night. It marked the first commercial distribution ___36___ release of Chinese films in Romanian cinemas. At the ceremony, a documentary “The magical Craftsmanship of Suzhou”, ___42___ focuses on artisan (工匠) specialists living in the folk craft-centric city, was screened, showing the development and boom of Chinese film art and the unique charm of Chinese ___43___ (tradition) culture in a warm and festive atmosphere. The event, hosted ___44___ Happy Cinema and Cinema City in partnership with China Lion Film Distribution, will be held in six major Romanian cities. With over 10,000 spectators (观众) ____37____ (roar) on their feet every night, ____38____ amateur inter-village basketball tournament held last week in Southwest China’s Guizhou province has become a massive hit online. “The number of spectators and the participating areas that the tournament covers ____41____ (increase) for four continuous years, and the key to its popularity is ____42____ this tournament truly belongs to local people and connects neighborhoods like no other event does. The proximity (邻近) to each and every player and spectator makes it special,” said Cen Jianglong, a co-organizer of the tournament, ____43____ has played basketball recreationally for 20 years. We Chinese eat___36___chopsticks. Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. Chopsticks play___41___important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. Like something straight out of a fairytale, the abandoned village of Houtouwan on Shengshan Island ____36____the eastern coast of China, has recently become an Internet sensation (网红打卡地) ____37____ an unusual travel hotspot. Houtouwan soared to fame among Chinese netizens in 2015 when ____40____ series of attractive photographs of the deserted village went viral (走红). In 2009, it was selected and added____72____the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,____73____all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade. We hold the belief_____75_____it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad. The three astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe were all in good physical condition, and the Shenzhou-14 manned mission was ___58___complete success, the China Manned Space Agency announced. The spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on June 5, since ___59___the crew have stayed in the Tiangong space station. “It is the success in conducting spacewalks by using a new hatch (舱门) and a new small robotic arm that has us walking ___62___air, lost in the glory of the moment.” During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. The discovery of one of the earliest copies of Zhouyi in 1973 proved Confucius’s contribution to Zhouyi, ___62___the fact that Zhouyi is much more valuable than just ___63___ book for divination. According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. In recent news, Liu’s workout livestream on Douyin has taken the internet ___37___ storm. Data shows that his Douyin account has gained more than 10 million followers in the past month. Best known as the father of Puff (his daughter’s nickname), ___38___ participated in the variety show Where Are We Going, Dad?, the buff celebrity makes his enthusiasm for fitness known by ___39___ (public) showing his muscles. He even trains his celebrity friends Jay Chou. One of his most-watched fitness routines is set to ‘Herbalist Manual’(《本草纲目》)from Jay Chou’s album. One netizen joked. “I want to slap (拍)my leg whenever I hear ___44___ song now. ” 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An ecologist climbs trees in Yunnan _____56_____ (understand) the forest canopy. The ecologist knows his way around the forest in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Southwest China’s Yunnan province. But it’s only half of the battle to get to the top. “I normally stay up there for about half an hour, observing insects and collecting leaves to see how many leaves _____57_____(eat) by insects," he says. It’s part of his research into the forest canopy, _____58_____ refers to the upper vegetation in an area, generally _____59_____(form) by tree crowns. Different from the forest ground that is dark and humid, the canopies are more open and exposed _____60_____ sunlight. “It plays an essential role in _____61_____ (help) us obtain a clear picture of the functioning of forest ecosystems.” The forest _____62_____ (become) a home away from home for him already. ____63____ Nakamura’s focus has been on insect _____64_____ (diverse) on the canopies, he also stops to check insects on the ground where he goes. In 2013, Nakamura accepted an invitation from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden after he finished his postdoctoral studies in ecology at Griffith University in Australia. It boasts one of the ______65______ (large) collections of outdoor plants in the world, which makes it an ideal place for. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In ____36____ Forbidden City’s Xi San Suo courtyards, the clock restoration master Wang Jin spends his days restoring antique timepieces ____37____ (date) back hundreds of years. The Palace Museum has one of the most significant ____38____ (collect) of timepieces in the world. It seems unlikely ____39____ the restoration of these clocks will ever be complete. They will eventually need to ____40____ (repair) again. Despite this, Mr. Wang remains optimistic about the future of these timepieces. He has passed on his skills to new members, including his son, ____41____ will take on future repairs. This new generation of artisans ____42____ (help) preserve traditional skills and bring innovation to the craft. Walking through the seven crimson gates towards his workplace, Wang Jin still regards himself as an ordinary worker in the Palace Museum, ____43____ he is often stopped by admirers wanting their photo taken with him. In ____44____ (today) fast-paced world, inside the hidden courtyards of Xi San Suo, there is something timeless about the way Mr. Wang and his colleagues sedately (沉着地) piece together the past with ____45____ (skill) hands and modest hearts. It is as if they have become one with their craft and with the history of the country. ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第07讲 语法填空提升讲解 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握语法填空这个题型的做题步骤和技巧。 2.学会分析语法填空给提示词和无提示词的空格特征。 3.运用做语法填空的技巧去巩固英语语法。 （一）语法填空步骤一：判断所填空格的词性和相应变形 一般情况下语法填空所缺空格分为给提示和不给提示两种： 其中给提示词的空格所填词性为动词、名词、形容词、副词以及数词；不给提示词的空格所填词性为冠词、介词、连词、代词。 根据不同的词性我们会进行对应的词汇变形： （1）名词：可变为复数形式、名词所有格形式、名词对应的形容词或者动词形式 （2）动词：可判断是填写时态、被动语态还是非谓语形式。时态考察一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、两种进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时等。非谓语主要有doing 、done、to do不定式这种。 （3）形容词：可变为副词形式、比较级和最高级形式、形容词对应的反义词和名词形式 （4）副词：可还原为形容词形式、副词的比较级和最高级形式、副词的反义词形式 （二）语法填空步骤二：找准上下文的逻辑关系，选好逻辑词 不给提示词的空格一般考察的有冠词、介词、连词、代词。这里找逻辑关系主要是判断句子和句子间的连词或者是短语和短语间的连词。 我们常考的连词有： （1）简单连词：and/but/or/so （2）复杂连词：when/where/why/how/what/while/though/although/until/unless/because/that/whether/which /who/whom/whose/as(意思是“由于、随着、按照”)/if/as if/even if/so…..that…./such….that…../because/since（意思是“既然；自从”）等。 （三）语法填空步骤三：高频考点积累和实践 对于一般都会考察的冠词a/an/the要学会判断泛指还是特指； 代词有五格（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词）； 介词常考的有in/on/at/of/about/for/with/without/as（作为）/through/over/beyond/against/under/out of/before/after等。 教材习题01 In recent years, with the consumption upgrading of milk tea, there____38____(be) a boom in “new tea drinks” combining tea, fresh fruits and vegetables,____39____are particularly sought-after among young people. 解题方法 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，随着奶茶消费的升级，将茶叶与新鲜水果、蔬菜结合在一起的“新茶饮料”出现了热潮，尤其受到年轻人的追捧。根据上文In recent years可知为现在完成时，主语为a boom，助动词用has。故填has been。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：近年来，随着奶茶消费的升级，将茶叶与新鲜水果、蔬菜结合在一起的“新茶饮料”出现了热潮，尤其受到年轻人的追捧。非限制性定语从句修饰new tea drinks，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。 【答案】38. has been 39. which 教材习题02 The successful inclusion into ____43____list has further highlighted the important contribution the Chinese culture has made ____44____the diversity of human civilizations. 解题方法 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此次入选，进一步彰显了中华文化对人类文明多样性的重要贡献。list特指上文“the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list”应用定冠词。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：此次入选，进一步彰显了中华文化对人类文明多样性的重要贡献。表示“对……做出重要贡献”短语为make the important contribution to。故填to。 【答案】43. the 44. to 考点一 名词、代词 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese Ambassador (大使) to Romania Han Chunlin said that ___37___was the first time for the two countries to carry out film cooperation in an all-commercial mode, which provided new ideas and channels for future cultural exchanges and ___38___ (cooperate). 【答案】37. it 38. cooperation 【解析】 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：中国驻罗马尼亚大使韩春林表示，这是两国首次以全商业模式开展电影合作，为今后的文化交流与合作提供了新的思路和渠道。分析句子，“it was the first time that+从句”为固定句型，意为“第一次做某事”，设空处缺少代词作主语。故填it。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用cooperate的名词作宾语，意为“合作”。故填cooperation。 During the four-day competition, over 50 million online ____44____ (view) had tuned in to watch live streaming of the games. 【答案】44. viewers 【解析】 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：在为期四天的比赛中，超过5000万在线观众收看了比赛直播。设空处在句中作主语，名词viewer意为“观众，观看者”符合句意，viewer是可数名词，由空前的“over 50 million ”可知，设空处应用名词复数形式viewers。故填viewers。 Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part, of a girl's dowry (嫁妆) since the___43___(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs of___45___(they) own. 【答案】40. materials 43. pronunciation 45. their 【解析】 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：筷子在中国各地的尺寸大致相同，可以用多种材料制成，包括竹子、木材、塑料、银和金。固定词组：a variety of“各种各样的”。后面跟名词复数，故填materials。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国有一个古老的习俗，那就是制作筷子，作为女孩的嫁妆，因为kuaizi的发音与“快”和“儿子”的发音相似。分析句子结构the___8___(pronounce) of可知此空用名词，所给词pronounce是动词，其名词形式是pronunciation。故填pronunciation。 【45题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它们已经不仅仅是一种餐具，而且已经形成了自己的一套礼仪和习俗。此处own“自己的”是形容词，和形容词性物主代词连用，故填their。 Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. 【答案】37. graduates 41. themselves 【解析】 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：中国网民正在热烈讨论“孔乙己心态”，这个词的灵感来自中国现代文学中一位有影响力的人物，用来指那些认为自己高于体力劳动的大学毕业生。graduate为可数名词，根据后文从句谓语动词consider为原形可知应用复数形式。故填graduates。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：与之相关术语“孔乙己心态”，指的是那些面对就业市场压力的“孔乙己”，就业市场无法满足破纪录的大学毕业生数量。此处指college graduates“他们自己”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 Houtouwan soared to fame among Chinese netizens in 2015 when ____40____ series of attractive photographs of the deserted village went viral (走红). Instead of celebrating its new-found ____41____ (popular), the officials were cautious of the impact ____42____ (bring) by the sudden boom of tourists. But now, it’s ready for tourists. 【答案】 41. popularity 【解析】考查名词。句意：官员们没有庆祝它的新人气，而是对游客突然激增带来的影响持谨慎态度。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，popular的名词形式是popularity，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage (遗产) with the____71____(approve) of the Chinese government. 【答案】71. approval 【解析】考查名词。句意：2006年，经中国政府批准，南京云锦织机和技艺被列入第一批国家级文化遗产。the ____6____(approve) of the Chinese government是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词approval作宾语。故填approval。 Three Chinese astronauts aboard the Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship returned to Earth safely on Sunday and were loudly cheered in ___56___(recognize) of their outstanding performance and commitment. 【答案】56. recognition 【解析】考查名词。句意：周日，神舟十四号载人飞船上的三名中国宇航员安全返回地球，并受到热烈欢呼，以表彰他们的杰出表现和承诺。in recognition of是固定短语，意为“承认；为……酬谢”之意。故填recognition。 The Book of Changes, or Zhouyi in Chinese, is one of the ancient Chinese classics with ___56___ (emphasize) on the essential nature of changes.It is believed that Zhouyi originated from Fuxi, and further sublimed by Confucius and his disciples (门徒). 【解析】考查名词。句意：《周易》是中国古代强调变化本质的经典著作之一。作介词的宾语，应用名词emphasis。故填emphasis。 Some netizens admitted to switching their fitness idol Pamela Reif to Liu, with some even calling ____45____ (them) ‘Liu Genghong boys or girls. ’ 【答案】45. themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：一些网友承认他们的健身偶像从Pamela Reif转向了Liu，有些人甚至称自己为“Liu Genghong男孩或Liu Genghong女孩”。根据句意可知，动词calling的动作对象是其逻辑主语some自身，故用其反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。 考点二 形容词、副词 At the ceremony, a documentary “The magical Craftsmanship of Suzhou”, ___42___ focuses on artisan (工匠) specialists living in the folk craft-centric city, was screened, showing the development and boom of Chinese film art and the unique charm of Chinese ___43___ (tradition) culture in a warm and festive atmosphere. 【答案】43. traditional 【解析】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用tradition形容词traditional作定语，修饰名词culture，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。 Still consider the CBA China’s ____36____ (popular) basketball league? Think again! 【答案】36. most popular 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：依然认为CBA是中国最受欢迎的篮球联赛？由句子分析以及下文对贵州省举行的一场业余村际篮球比赛的详细介绍可知，设空处应用形容词的最高级，空前有“China’s ”，设空处填most popular。故填most popular。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, are a pair of small equal-length sticks, usually made of wood, used for eating. We Chinese eat___36___chopsticks. It is believed the first chopsticks___37___(develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. Excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province, dating back to roughly 1,200 BC was the___38___(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze. Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. Chopsticks play___41___important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. They are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because___42___(maintain) an enough food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part, of a girl's dowry (嫁妆) since the___43___(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”. Chopsticks are ___44___(frequent) used in daily life. They have become more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (礼仪) and customs of___45___(they) own. 【答案】38. earliest 44. frequently 【解析】 【38题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：出土于河南安阳附近的殷墟，可以追溯到公元前1200年左右，这是最早的青铜筷子的证据。定冠词the用在形容词最高级前面，再结合句意可知此处用形容词最高级，故填earliest。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：筷子在日常生活中经常使用。此处used是动词，由副词修饰，故填frequently。 The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. 【答案】 42. sympathetic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：对于一些现实不如预期的应届大学毕业生来说，孔是一个令人同情的人物。修饰名词figure应用形容词sympathetic，作定语。故填sympathetic。 In 2002, the village was ____39____ (official) depopulated and merged into a nearby village. Deserted for decades, empty houses in the ocean-facing, cliff-side village have been occupied by a blanket of climbing plants. 【答案】39. officially 【解析】考查副词。句意：2002年，该村正式人口减少，并入附近的一个村庄。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词depopulated，应该用副词修饰。故填officially。 Nanjing silk brocade (织棉), also called yunjin,____66____(literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____68____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____69____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. 【答案】66. literally 69. valuable 【解析】 【66题详解】 考查副词。句意：南京丝锦，又名云锦，字面意思是云纹锦，因为它像日落时的云朵一样美丽。副词literally作状语，修饰动词means。故填literally。 【69题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。形容词valuable作定语，修饰名词experience。故填valuable。 Liu Yang said ___63___(excite). The trio conducted an in-orbit rotation (对接) with the Shenzhou-15 crew, a ___64___(history) gathering that added the workforce at the in-orbit space station to six for the first time. 【答案】63. excitedly 64. historic 【解析】 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。这里需要副词来修饰动词said，表示刘洋兴奋地说。故填excitedly。 【64题详解】 考查形容词。句意：三人组与神舟十五号机组人员进行了在轨轮换，这是一次有重大历史意义的的聚会，首次将在轨空间站的工作人员增加到六人。这里需要形容词来修饰名词gathering，但本题的易错点在于：history的形容词形式有historic和historical两种，所以要进一步比对historic表示“有重大历史意义的”，而historical则侧重表示“与历史事实相关的”结合句意。故填historic。 According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. The Ten Wings made Zhouyi much ____65____(easy) for ordinary people at the time to understand and are still used today. 【答案】65. easier 【解析】考查比较级。句意：《十翼》使当时的普通人更容易理解周易，至今仍在使用。根据上文much以及句意“更容易”可知应填比较级easier。故填easier。 Best known as the father of Puff (his daughter’s nickname), ___38___ participated in the variety show Where Are We Going, Dad?, the buff celebrity makes his enthusiasm for fitness known by ___39___ (public) showing his muscles. He even trains his celebrity friends Jay Chou. In his livestreams, Liu and his wife appear ___40___ (energy), friendly, happy and super fit. 【答案】 39. publicly 40. energetic 【解析】 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：Liu Genghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女儿的昵称)的父亲，他参加了综艺节目《爸爸去哪儿》，这位健美艺人通过公开展示肌肉来表达他对健身的热情。修饰非谓语动词showing用副词。故填publicly。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在直播中，Liu和他的妻子显得活力四射，友好快乐，超级健康。根据前文系动词appear可知，此处用其形容词作表语。故填energetic。 考点三 动词 Romanian film critic Irina Margareta Nistor welcomed the release of Chinese films in Romania,___39___ (hope) that Romanian audiences can better understand modern and contemporary China through the film festival. She called on the Romanian and Chinese film industries to ___40___ (strength) the friendship between the two countries. About 80 people, including local official representatives, people from Romanian cultural circles and friendship organizations, as well as overseas Chinese in Romania, ___41___ (attend) the opening ceremony. Local people ___45___ (be) able to watch six Chinese films, such as “Railway Heroes”, “Almost Love”, and “The Captain”. 【答案】39. hoping 40. strengthen 41. attended 45. will be 【解析】 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：罗马尼亚影评人Irina Margareta Nistor对中国电影在罗马尼亚上映表示欢迎，希望罗马尼亚观众能够通过电影节更好地了解现代和当代中国。分析句子，welcomed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Irina Margareta Nistor与hope之间是主动关系，且表示伴随，故使用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：她呼吁罗马尼亚和中国的电影产业加强两国之间的友谊。设空处使用strength的动词strengthen与空前to构成不定式结构。故填strengthen。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：当地政府代表、罗马尼亚文化界和友好组织人士、罗马尼亚华侨华人等约80人出席了开幕式。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填attended。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：当地人将可以观看六部中国电影，如《铁路英雄》、《差点的爱》和《队长》。设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示动作将要发生，故使用一般将来时。故填will be。 Still consider the CBA China’s ____36____ (popular) basketball league? Think again! With over 10,000 spectators (观众) ____37____ (roar) on their feet every night, ____38____ amateur inter-village basketball tournament held last week in Southwest China’s Guizhou province has become a massive hit online. In 2018, the village-level tournament ____39____ (include) in the Chi Xin Festival, which celebrates harvest on the sixth of June on the lunar calendar. Since then, the annual competition has become a center for enthusiasts from nearby and many who drive up to 200 km from Guiyang and surrounding areas ____40____ (experience) the unique gathering. “The number of spectators and the participating areas that the tournament covers ____41____ (increase) for four continuous years, and the key to its popularity is ____42____ this tournament truly belongs to local people and connects neighborhoods like no other event does. The proximity (邻近) to each and every player and spectator makes it special,” said Cen Jianglong, a co-organizer of the tournament, ____43____ has played basketball recreationally for 20 years. During the four-day competition, over 50 million online ____44____ (view) had tuned in to watch live streaming of the games. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian also joined in the fun, sharing a video clip of the games on Twitter accompanied by the message: “The rural basketball match in Guizhou is on! _____45_____ a great atmosphere!” 【答案】 37. roaring 39. was included 40. to experience 41. have increased##have been increasing 【解析】 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：上周在中国西南部的贵州省举行的一场业余村际篮球赛，每晚都有超过10000名观众站起来欢呼，这场比赛在网上引起了极大轰动。句子分析可知，“With over 10,000 spectators (观众) ____2____ (roar) on their feet every night”为with的复合结构，“spectators”与roar构成逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处应填roar的现在分词形式，故填roaring。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2018年，这项村级赛事被纳入了农历六月初六庆祝丰收的吃新节。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“In 2018”可知此句为一般过去时态，主语“the village-level tournament”与include是被动关系，此句谓语动词应用一般过去时的被动语态，“the village-level tournament”作主语，谓语动词为第三人称单数，故填was included。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从那时起，这场一年一度的比赛已经成为附近爱好者的中心，许多人从贵阳和周边地区驱车200公里来体验这一独特的聚会。句子分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，在句中做目的状语，应填动词的不定式。故填to experience。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：该赛事的观众人数和参赛区域连续4年增加，其受欢迎的关键在于，这项赛事真正属于当地人，与其他赛事不同，它连接了社区。设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语“for four continuous years”可知，此句应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，“The number of spectators and the participating areas ”作主语，谓语动词用复数，故填have increased/have been increasing。 It is believed the first chopsticks___37___(develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. They are round on the eating end which symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because___42___(maintain) an enough food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. 【答案】37. were developed 42. maintaining 【解析】 【37题详解】 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：据说中国最早的筷子是在5000多年前发明的。主语从句的主语是chopsticks，复数形式，和谓语动词develop之间是一种被动关系，再根据时间状语over 5,000 years ago可知，此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填were developed。 【42题详解】 考查动名词作主语。句意：这是因为维持足够的食物供应是天地之间最大的关系。此处because引导的表语从句中缺少主语，所给词maintain是动词，所以这里是动名词作主语，故填maintaining。 Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. This is relatable in the eyes of some, who think their academic qualifications didn’t lead to the job they wanted or deserved.” The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. Some netizens are concerned that education itself may one day be seen as superfluous (多余的). “When we were young, we ____43____ (tell) to study hard, and when we grew up, we would become astronauts and scientists,” a Weibo user commented. “Now it has become study hard to screw screws, to be a cleaner, to collect junk. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” In recent years, China has been pushing to expand vocational education as a means to solve the surplus of college graduates. However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. 【答案】38. Set 43. were told 【解析】 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：故事发生在清朝灭亡几年后，孔乙己在他经常光顾的酒馆里被劳动阶级的顾客嘲笑，因为他没有通过科举考试，即使在过去，科举考试可以让他得到一份体面的工作。分析句子结构可知逻辑主语story与set构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Set。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：当我们小的时候，我们被告知要努力学习，当我们长大了，我们要成为宇航员和科学家。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文When we were young可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填were told。 Houtouwan ____38____ (be) once a prosperous fishing village, with more than 3,000 residents. Instead of celebrating its new-found ____41____ (popular), the officials were cautious of the impact ____42____ (bring) by the sudden boom of tourists. But now, it’s ready for tourists. After more than two years of planning, Houtouwan—despite still being comparatively off-grid (不入网的) —has implemented a few new ____43____ (move) to control and take advantage of the boom to develop local economy. Signs are put up outside empty houses ____45____ (keep) tourists off possible dangers. 【答案】38. was 42. brought 43. moves 45. to keep 【解析】 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：后头湾曾经是一个繁荣的渔村，有3000多名居民。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以be动词作本句位于，根据once知用一般过去时，主语是Houtouwan为第三人称单数。故填was。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：官员们没有庆祝它的新人气，而是对游客突然激增带来的影响持谨慎态度。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were，所以bring应该用非谓语形式，根据后文的by可知，和逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填brought。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过两年多的规划，后湾——尽管仍然处于相对离网状态——已经实施了一些新的措施来控制和利用这股热潮来发展当地经济。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，move意为“行动”，为可数名词，根据空前的a few可知，用复数形式。故填moves。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们在空房子外面张贴指示牌，让游客远离可能的危险。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词are，所以keep应该用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，应该用不定式。故填to keep。 For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China,____67____(make) brocades in a unique way. Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____68____(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the____69____(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements. Nanjing yunjin is a craft (手工艺) ____70____(date) back to 417 AD. ____74____(survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. 【答案】 67. have made 68. is 70. dating 74. Having survived 【解析】 【67题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：1600多年来，中国六大著名古都所在地南京的织工以独特的方式制作锦缎。make是谓语动词，结合For more than 1600 years可知，此处指过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语weavers复数，谓语复数形式。故填have made。 【68题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。“Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics____3____(be) Nanjing yunjin”是“表语+连系动词+主语”构成的完全倒装结构，be是系动词，讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nanjing yunjin单数，谓语单数形式。故填is。 【70题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：南京云锦是一种可以追溯到公元417年的工艺。本句已有系动词is且无连词，动词短语date back to (追溯到)用非谓语形式，date back to无被动形式，date back to用现在分词（doing）形式，主动表被动，做名词craft的后置定语。故填dating。 【74题详解】 考查现在分词完成式。句意：历经朝代和战争，南京云锦展现出强大的生命力。本句已有谓语proves且无连词，动词survive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Nanjing yunjin与动词survive是主谓关系，且survive先发生在谓语proves之前，survive用现在分词完成式（having done）表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Having survived。 They were reported ___57___(accomplish) many “firsts” during their six-month space station mission. ___60___(orbit) 400 kilometers above the Earth for several months, they completed multiple tasks during their mission. They are the first crew ___61___(enter) the space station’s two lab modules, and they set a record of making three spacewalks on a single flight mission. Previously, there ____65____(be) at most three Chinese astronauts in space at a time. 【答案】57. to have accomplished 60. Having orbited 61. to enter 65. had been 【解析】 【57题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：据报道，他们在为期六个月的空间站任务中完成了许多“第一”。sb. be reported to have done sth.意为“据报道某人已经做了某事”，等同于It was reported that they had accomplished many “firsts”。故填to have accomplished。 【60题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：他们在地球上空400公里的轨道上飞行了几个月，在执行任务期间完成了多项任务。现在分词完成式作状语。逻辑主语和主句主语一致，是they，即指the crew，他们和orbit之间为主动关系，又因为时间for several months, 持续了几个月的时间，是发生在主句动词complete之前的动作，故用having orbited。故填Having orbited。 【61题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：他们是第一批进入空间站两个实验室模块的宇航员，并创造了一次飞行任务中进行三次太空行走的记录。crew有序数词the first修饰，所以后面用不定式作定语。故填to enter。 【65题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：此前，一次最多有三名中国宇航员进入太空。本句中的previously，表明相对于前一句的conducted以及added，此处应该是过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。故填had been。 Legend goes that King Wen of Zhou was a very wise and able king,who attracted many like-minded people ___57___(join) him.So he was envied by the tyrannical king of the Shang Dynasty, who put him into prison. During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. In ancient times, people ___60___(awe) by natural disasters or accidents for “unknown reasons.” So they always referred to Zhouyi to explain these complex phenomena. When divining, they also turned to the auguries (占卜)___61___ (describe) in Zhouyi for inspiration. 【答案】57. to join 58. insisted 60. were awed 61. described 【解析】 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：传说周文王是一位非常聪明和能干的国王，他吸引了许多志同道合的人加入他的行列。短语attract sb. to do sth.表示“吸引某人做某事”，故填to join。 【58题详解】 考查时态。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。根据后文and created可知为一般过去时 。故填insisted。 【60题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在古代，人们对“不明原因”的自然灾害或事故感到敬畏。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文In ancient times可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为people，谓语用复数。故填were awed。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在占卜的时候，他们也会从《周易》里的预言中寻找灵感。分析句子结构可知describe与逻辑主语auguries构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填described。 Ever since joining China’s fitness craze, singer and composer Liu Genghong ___36___ (do) well for himself in terms of his social media following. They exercise and dance to up-beat songs while explaining and showing their moves, often ___41___ (encourage) those to participate from their own living rooms. Although Liu’s dance moves look simple they are often too intense for his audience ___42___ (follow). The main reason for this is Liu’s carefully ___43___ (choose) playlist: Jay Chou songs often serve as his background music. 【答案】36. has done 41. encouraging 42. to follow 43. chosen 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：自从带起中国的健身热潮以来，歌手兼作曲家Liu Genghong在社交媒体上俘获大量粉丝。根据时间状语Ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时态；主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填has done。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在解说和展示动作的同时，会随着有节奏的歌曲进行锻炼和舞蹈，也常鼓励人们在自己的客厅里参与其中。此处为非谓语，动词encourage和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表伴随。故填encouraging。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他的跳跃动作看起来很简单，但常常因强度大，导致网友跟不上。分析可知，此处为“主语+be+形容词+to do”结构，其中不定式的主动形式表被动意义，其逻辑宾语为句子的主语。故填to follow。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：主要原因是Liu Genghong精心选择的播放列表：周杰伦的歌曲经常作为他的背景音乐。此处为非谓语，动词choose和后文名词playlist之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作定语。故填chosen。 考点四 冠词、介词、连词 BUCHAREST——The “Chinese Film Days” kicked off here Friday night. It marked the first commercial distribution ___36___ release of Chinese films in Romanian cinemas. At the ceremony, a documentary “The magical Craftsmanship of Suzhou”, ___42___ focuses on artisan (工匠) specialists living in the folk craft-centric city, was screened, showing the development and boom of Chinese film art and the unique charm of Chinese ___43___ (tradition) culture in a warm and festive atmosphere. The event, hosted ___44___ Happy Cinema and Cinema City in partnership with China Lion Film Distribution, will be held in six major Romanian cities. 【答案】36. of 42. which 44. by 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这标志着中国电影首次在罗马尼亚影院进行商业发行。the distribution of为固定短语，意为“……的发行”。故填of。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在颁奖典礼上，放映了一部纪录片《苏州的神奇工艺》，这部纪录片聚焦了生活在这个以民间工艺为中心的城市的手工艺人，在热烈的节日气氛中展示了中国电影艺术的发展和繁荣以及中国传统文化的独特魅力。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词documentary，为物。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：该活动由快乐电影院和电影院城与中国狮子电影发行公司合作主办，将在罗马尼亚六个主要城市举行。此处意为表示“被快乐电影院和电影院城与中国狮子电影发行公司合作主办”。表示“被”使用介词by，与后文名词构成介词短语。故填by。 With over 10,000 spectators (观众) ____37____ (roar) on their feet every night, ____38____ amateur inter-village basketball tournament held last week in Southwest China’s Guizhou province has become a massive hit online. “The number of spectators and the participating areas that the tournament covers ____41____ (increase) for four continuous years, and the key to its popularity is ____42____ this tournament truly belongs to local people and connects neighborhoods like no other event does. The proximity (邻近) to each and every player and spectator makes it special,” said Cen Jianglong, a co-organizer of the tournament, ____43____ has played basketball recreationally for 20 years. 【答案】38. an 42. that 43. who 【解析】 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：上周在中国西南部的贵州省举行的一场业余村际篮球赛，每晚都有超过10000名观众站起来欢呼，这场比赛在网上引起了极大轰动。句子分析可知，“____3____ amateur inter-village basketball tournament”在句中作主语，表泛指，空后“amateur”发音以元音音素开头，应填不定冠词an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：该赛事的观众人数和参赛区域连续4年增加，其受欢迎的关键在于，这项赛事真正属于当地人，与其他赛事不同，它连接了社区。句子结构分析可知，设空处引导表语从句，设空处在从句中不作成分，无实义，只起连接作用，故填that。 We Chinese eat___36___chopsticks. Chopsticks,___39___are roughly uniform in size throughout China, can be made of a variety of___40___(material), including bamboo, wood, plastic, silver and gold. Chopsticks play___41___important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long. 【答案】36. with 39. which 41. an 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：我们中国人用筷子吃饭。介词with“和……在一起，用”符合句意，故填with。 【39题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：筷子在中国各地的尺寸大致相同，可以用多种材料制成，包括竹子、木材、塑料、银和金。此处Chopsticks是先行词，指物，放在后面的定语从句中作主语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 【41题详解】 考查不定冠词an的用法。句意：筷子在中国饮食文化中扮演着重要的角色。固定词组：play a role in“在……中扮演角色”。此处important以元音因素开头，表示“一”时用不定冠词an。故填an。 Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. 【答案】36. a 39. that##which 40. what 44. but 45. against 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国网民正在热烈讨论“孔乙己心态”，这个词的灵感来自中国现代文学中一位有影响力的人物，用来指那些认为自己高于体力劳动的大学毕业生。term为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：故事发生在清朝灭亡几年后，孔乙己在他经常光顾的酒馆里被劳动阶级的顾客嘲笑，因为他没有通过科举考试，即使在过去，科举考试可以让他得到一份体面的工作。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the imperial exam，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：孔乙己宁愿偷东西，也不愿为了赚钱而做他认为卑微的工作。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：我并不是看不起那些职业——每一种职业都是值得尊敬的——但奇怪的是，风向竟然朝这个方向发展。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而，由于对蓝领工作的偏见仍然存在，这种转变仍然具有挑战性。表示“对……偏见”可知短语为prejudice against。故填against。 Like something straight out of a fairytale, the abandoned village of Houtouwan on Shengshan Island ____36____the eastern coast of China, has recently become an Internet sensation (网红打卡地) ____37____ an unusual travel hotspot. Houtouwan soared to fame among Chinese netizens in 2015 when ____40____ series of attractive photographs of the deserted village went viral (走红). 【答案】36. off 37. and 40. a 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：就像童话故事里的场景一样，位于中国东部沿海嵊山岛上的废弃村庄后头湾最近成为了网络红人和一个不同寻常的旅游热点。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配off the coast意为“沿海”。故填off。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：就像童话故事里的场景一样，位于中国东部沿海嵊山岛上的废弃村庄后头湾最近成为了网络红人和一个不同寻常的旅游热点。分析句子结构可知，此处an Internet sensation和an unusual travel hotspot两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2015年，当一系列关于这个废弃村庄的迷人照片在网上疯传时，后头湾在中国网民中蹿红。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：a series of意为“一系列”。故填a。 In 2009, it was selected and added____72____the UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,____73____all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade. We hold the belief_____75_____it will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad. 【答案】72. to 73. where 75. that 【解析】 【72题详解】 考查介词。句意：2009年，它被选入联合国教科文组织名单。固定搭配be added to (被增加到……)。故填to。 【73题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在2014年夏季青奥会上，云锦被用作南京的另一张名片，其使用的所有物品均由南京丝绸织锦制成。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。 【75题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：我们相信，它将代代相传，并以现代化的方式呈现给国内外人民。该空引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词belief的具体内容，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。 The three astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe were all in good physical condition, and the Shenzhou-14 manned mission was ___58___complete success, the China Manned Space Agency announced. The spacecraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on June 5, since ___59___the crew have stayed in the Tiangong space station. “It is the success in conducting spacewalks by using a new hatch (舱门) and a new small robotic arm that has us walking ___62___air, lost in the glory of the moment.” 【答案】58. a 59. when 62. on 【解析】 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国载人航天局宣布，三名航天员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲身体状况良好，神舟十四号载人飞行任务取得圆满成功。a success属于抽象名词具体化，表示“一件成功的事或一个成功的人”。故填a。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该航天器于6月5日在酒泉卫星发射中心发射，当时机组人员一直待在天宫空间站。先行词为on June 5，在定语从句中作时间状语，关系副词为when。since when表示“从……时候起”，与从句中的现在完成时have stayed对应。故填when。 【62题详解】 考查介词。句意：刘洋兴奋地说：“这是通过使用一个新的舱门和一个新小机械臂进行太空行走的成功，让我们在空中行走，迷失在当下的荣耀中。” walk on air是一个固定搭配，意思为“非常开心的，欣喜若狂的，洋洋得意的”。故填on。 During this seven years of hard time,King Wen of Zhou___58___ (insist) on studying truth left by Fuxi and created Zhouyi ___59___ virtue of his persistent spirit. The discovery of one of the earliest copies of Zhouyi in 1973 proved Confucius’s contribution to Zhouyi, ___62___the fact that Zhouyi is much more valuable than just ___63___ book for divination. According to traditions, Confucius and his disciples made great efforts to compile and interpret the book in commentaries known as the Ten Wings, ___64___made up the other part of Zhouyi. 【答案】59. by##in 62. and 63. a 64. which 【解析】 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这艰难的七年里，周文王坚持学习伏羲留下的真理，并以他坚持不懈的精神创作了《周易》。短语by/in virtue of表示“由于，凭借”。故填by/in。 【62题详解】 考查连词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。结合前后文可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【63题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1973年发现的最早的《周易》副本之一证明了孔子对《周易》的贡献，以及《周易》不仅仅是一本占卜书的价值。book为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：根据传统，孔子和他的弟子们花了很大的努力来编辑和解释这本书，被称为《十翼》，这构成了《周易》的另一部分。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Ten Wings，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 In recent news, Liu’s workout livestream on Douyin has taken the internet ___37___ storm. Data shows that his Douyin account has gained more than 10 million followers in the past month. Best known as the father of Puff (his daughter’s nickname), ___38___ participated in the variety show Where Are We Going, Dad?, the buff celebrity makes his enthusiasm for fitness known by ___39___ (public) showing his muscles. He even trains his celebrity friends Jay Chou. One of his most-watched fitness routines is set to ‘Herbalist Manual’(《本草纲目》)from Jay Chou’s album. One netizen joked. “I want to slap (拍)my leg whenever I hear ___44___ song now. ” 【答案】 37. by 38. who 44. the 【解析】 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在最近的新闻中，Liu Genghong在抖音上的健身直播火爆了全网。take...by storm“使火爆，掀起一股……热潮 ”为固定搭配。故填by。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Liu Genghong最出名的身份是——Puff(他女儿的昵称)的父亲，他参加了综艺节目《爸爸去哪儿》，这位健美艺人通过公开展示肌肉来表达他对健身的热情。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Puff，关系代词who引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代人。故填who。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：现在我一听到这首歌就想拍拍腿。根据句意可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the限定名词song，特指上文所说的歌曲《本草纲目》。故填the。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An ecologist climbs trees in Yunnan _____56_____ (understand) the forest canopy. The ecologist knows his way around the forest in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Southwest China’s Yunnan province. But it’s only half of the battle to get to the top. “I normally stay up there for about half an hour, observing insects and collecting leaves to see how many leaves _____57_____(eat) by insects," he says. It’s part of his research into the forest canopy, _____58_____ refers to the upper vegetation in an area, generally _____59_____(form) by tree crowns. Different from the forest ground that is dark and humid, the canopies are more open and exposed _____60_____ sunlight. “It plays an essential role in _____61_____ (help) us obtain a clear picture of the functioning of forest ecosystems.” The forest _____62_____ (become) a home away from home for him already. ____63____ Nakamura’s focus has been on insect _____64_____ (diverse) on the canopies, he also stops to check insects on the ground where he goes. In 2013, Nakamura accepted an invitation from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden after he finished his postdoctoral studies in ecology at Griffith University in Australia. It boasts one of the ______65______ (large) collections of outdoor plants in the world, which makes it an ideal place for. 【答案】 56. to understand 57. are eaten 58. which 59. formed 60. to 61. helping 62. has become 63. Although##Though##While 64. diversity 65. largest 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位生态学家中村在云南爬树，以了解森林的冠层。这位生态学家熟悉中国西南部云南省西双版纳傣族自治州的森林。2013年，在澳大利亚格里菲斯大学完成生态学博士后研究后，中村接受了西双版纳热带植物园的邀请。 【56题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：一位生态学家在云南爬树，以了解森林的冠层。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to understand。 【57题详解】 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：我通常会在上面呆半个小时左右，观察昆虫，收集树叶，看看有多少叶子被昆虫吃掉了。how引导的宾语从句的主语many leaves是复数形式，和谓语动词eat之间是被动关系，且这里在描述一个客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are eaten。 【58题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是他对森林冠层研究的一部分，冠层指的是一个地区的上层植被，通常由树冠组成。此处the forest canopy是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制定语从句中作主语，由关系代词which引导。故填which。 【59题详解】 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：这是他对森林冠层研究的一部分，冠层指的是一个地区的上层植被，通常由树冠组成。which从句中refers 是谓语动词，所给词form是非谓语动词，和所修饰词the upper vegetation之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，且介词by也是明显特征。故填formed。 【60题详解】 考查介词。句意：与黑暗潮湿的森林地面不同，树冠更加开阔，暴露在阳光下。固定搭配：be exposed to，意为“暴露，曝光”，其中to是介词。故填to。 【61题详解】 考查动名词作宾语。句意：它在帮助我们清楚地了解森林生态系统的功能方面发挥着重要作用。介词in后面用动名词作宾语。故填helping。 【62题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：森林已经成为他的另一个家了。根据already可知，此处指到现在为止已经完成的事情，所以句子用现在完成时，且句子主语是单数第三人称The forest。故填has become。 【63题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然中村的重点是研究树冠上的昆虫多样性，但他也会停下来检查他所去的地面上的昆虫。此处是连词Although/Though/While引导的让步状语从句，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【64题详解】 考查名词作宾语。句意：虽然中村的重点是研究树冠上的昆虫多样性，但他也会停下来检查他所去的地面上的昆虫。此处指“昆虫的多样性”，所以用形容词diverse的名词diversity作介词on的宾语。故填diversity。 【65题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：它拥有世界上最大的户外植物收藏之一，这使它成为一个理想的地方。根据in the world和空前的the可知，此处用形容词最高级。故填largest。 Nakamura’s research. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In ____36____ Forbidden City’s Xi San Suo courtyards, the clock restoration master Wang Jin spends his days restoring antique timepieces ____37____ (date) back hundreds of years. The Palace Museum has one of the most significant ____38____ (collect) of timepieces in the world. It seems unlikely ____39____ the restoration of these clocks will ever be complete. They will eventually need to ____40____ (repair) again. Despite this, Mr. Wang remains optimistic about the future of these timepieces. He has passed on his skills to new members, including his son, ____41____ will take on future repairs. This new generation of artisans ____42____ (help) preserve traditional skills and bring innovation to the craft. Walking through the seven crimson gates towards his workplace, Wang Jin still regards himself as an ordinary worker in the Palace Museum, ____43____ he is often stopped by admirers wanting their photo taken with him. In ____44____ (today) fast-paced world, inside the hidden courtyards of Xi San Suo, there is something timeless about the way Mr. Wang and his colleagues sedately (沉着地) piece together the past with ____45____ (skill) hands and modest hearts. It is as if they have become one with their craft and with the history of the country. 【答案】 36. the37. dating38. collections39. that40. be repaired41. who42. will help 43. although##though44. today’s45. skillful##skiful 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了故宫博物院里的钟表修复工作在修复大师王进的努力下得以传承。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在紫禁城的西三所院中，钟表修复大师王进每天都在修复数百年前的古董钟表。“紫荆城”是固定表达the Forbidden City。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语动词spends，故空处填非谓语动词，逻辑主语antique timepieces和date back之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填dating。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：故宫博物院拥有世界上最重要的钟表收藏之一。空处应填名词构成名词所有格，collection“收藏”符合题意，one of后接名词复数形式。故填collections。 【39题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：这些时钟的修复似乎不太可能完成。It seems that...“似乎……”是固定句型。故填that。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们最终将需要再次修复。need to do sth.“需要做某事”是固定短语，不定式作宾语；逻辑主语they(指代上文提到的钟表)和repair之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故填be repaired。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他已经将自己的技能传授给了新成员，包括他的儿子，他将承担未来的维修工作。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是members，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：新一代的工匠将有助于保留传统技能，并为工艺带来创新。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故填will help。 【43题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：穿过通往工作场所的七扇深红色大门，王进仍然认为自己是故宫博物院的一名普通工人，尽管他经常被想要与他合影的崇拜者拦住。结合句意，“Wang Jin still regards himself as an ordinary worker in the Palace Museum”和“he is often stopped by admirers wanting their photo taken with him.”是转折让步关系，应用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填although或though。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：在当今快节奏的世界里，在西三所隐秘的院落里，王先生和他的同事们用娴熟的双手和谦逊的心，稳重地拼凑着过去，这是一种永恒的方式。修饰名词词组fast-paced world，应用名词所有格。故填today’s。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词hands，应用所给词的形容词，表示“灵巧的，娴熟的”，应用skillful/skilful。故填skillful/skilful。 ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$