升高二暑假【夏日FUN学】专题5：状语从句 2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 专题5：状语从句（原卷版） 【知识对接】 状语从句是在句中起副词作用的句子，用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。引导状语从句的连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。句式为“状语从句+逗号+主句”或“主句+状语从句”。 根据状语从句在句中的不用作用可分为以下9种：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。 接点一、时间状语从句 1.表示时间的状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 no sooner...than...一……就…… once一旦……就…… instantly一……就…… as soon as一……就…… immediately一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… scarcely...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 （1）before before的意思是“在……之前”，常用来引导时间状语从句。 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 （2）by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown.你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time I got there,the bus had already left.等我到那里时，公共汽车已开走了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 必背：“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语，在句子中作时间状语。 by then截至那时 by nine o’clock截至9点钟 by the end of last year截至去年年底 by last year截至去年 by the end of next year截至明年年底 （3）once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 注意：once引导状语从句时，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，有时可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。 Once (it is) printed,the book will be very popular.这本书一旦付印，肯定很受欢迎。 （4）as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. （5）whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. 衔接训练 1． the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? 2．She was under extreme pressure moment she heard a familiar but horrible voice coming out of the room. 3．He told me the news (instant) he met me. 4．I paid $60 more I first bought them. 5．You need a lot of mental, intelligent and physical training you become an astronaut. 6．When (walk) down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years. 7． moment she went back to her hometown, she gave away the souvenirs to her friends. 8．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just the huge waves crashed the coast. 9．I was waiting for the green light at a crossing a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car． 10． as Artemisinin（青蒿素） continues to serve as the foundation of anti-malarial treatment, numerous challenges have arisen in the further application and development of this family of drug. 接点二、让步状语从句 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 （1）though和although though，although都当“虽然”讲，二者都可与以yet或still连用，但不能与but连用。 1.Although he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =Though he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =He still kept on working though he was worn out. =He was worn out but he still kept on working.他虽然已经筋疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 注意：（正）it was not very cold although/though it was snowing.虽下着雪，但并不太冷。 （误）Although/though it was snowing,but it was not very cold. 2.Although he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 （2）even if和even though even if相当于even though，意思是“即使，尽管，虽然……也”，其所表达的意思比although更强烈。 1.We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。 2.You should try to be nice to him,even though you don’t like him.即使你不喜欢他，也要尽量对他好些。 3.Even though/Even if it is raining,I’ll go to work.尽管下着雨，我也要去上班。 比较：even if和even though所引导的状语从句中，动词用虚拟语气时和用陈述语气时表达的意义有所不同。 （陈述语气，我现在的确生病了。） （3）“no matter+疑问词”和“疑问词-ever” “no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/where/which/how）”引导让步状语从句时，相当于whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however，它们可以互换，表达的含义是“无论……，不管……都……”。 no matter who=whoever（无论是谁） no matter what=whatever（无论什么） no matter when=whenever（无论何时） no matter where=wherever（无论何地） no matter which=whichever（无论是哪一个） no matter how=however（无论怎样） 1.No matter who you are,you must keep the law. =Whoever you are,you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。 2.No matter what you do,I will support you. =Whatever you do,I will support you.无论你做什么，我都会支持你。 衔接训练 11．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. 12．You can ask for help you need it. 13．No matter you work, you can always find time to study. 14．The old man promised to try again, his hands were mushy now and he could see well in flashes. ） 15．He lacks organization when expressing his perspectives, he has extraordinarily high intelligence and often comes up with creative ideas. 16．We are willing to offer help, no matter is in trouble. 17．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. 18．No matter well you know Beijing, it is easy to get lost. 19． he was tired, he didn’t give up running. 20． happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend . 接点三、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由连词where和复合关系词wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。 （一）where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 1.You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 2.You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.哪儿有问题，你就在哪儿做个记号。 =Where you have any questions,you’d better make a mark. 3.We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 4.Where they went,they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 ※比较：where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，它引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。 Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. =Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. （where引导定语从句，引导地点状语从句。） 温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。 有时，where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面；而where引导的定语从句则不能放在主句的前面。 Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。（where引导地点状语从句。） （二）wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 1.Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 2.Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. 衔接训练 21．He was inspired by them to go and teach he was needed the most. 22．A parking lot is going to be built there used to be a small park. 23．It is generally believed that it is impossible to find life there is no water. 24．He (meet) wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was inspired by them to go and teach he was needed the most. 25．She was standing exactly you are standing now. 接点四、 原因的状语从句 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 （一）because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 1.A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 2.I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 3.The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs.博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 （二）since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 1.Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 （三）as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 1.As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 2.As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 （四）now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 1.Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 2.Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today.由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 3.She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young.鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 衔接训练 26．Now you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 27．Don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste. 28．The proposals deserve support they give priority to the needs of children. 29．It was I was ill that I was absent from the meeting. 30． it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 接点五、 条件状语从句 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 （一）if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 1.If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now.你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 2.If we interfere with nature,we will have to deal with the consequences.如果我们干预自然，我们将不得不应付后果。 3.If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 4.If you don’t visit him tomorrow,he will be angry.如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。 =Unless you visit him tomorrow,he’ll be angry.除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。 （二）in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 1.Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 2.Take some money with you in case you want to buy something.带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。 比较：“in case+从句”和“in case of+名词”都表示“以防，万一”。 They won’t be able to go to the park in case it rains.=In case of rain they can’t go to the park.万一下雨，他们就不能去公园了。 in that case意为“如果是那样的话”。 In that case,he would be punished.要是情况如此，他将会受到惩罚。 （表示假设条件，he would be punished是虚拟语气。） Will Li Ming attend the party?In that case,I won’t attend it.李明会参加聚会吗？若是那样的话，我就不参加了。 衔接训练 31．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 32．There is a discount for the cost of the 6­week English course (provide) that you pay in advance. 33． you are addicted to computer games, it’s hard for you to focus your mind on your study. 34． (assume) he’s still alive, how old would he be now? 35．If you are capable of playing the piano well, you (have) the opportunity to join their band. 36．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything I went through something. 37． what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. 38． people are exposed to more positive news articles, they tend to demonstrate positive emotions and make positive posts themselves. 39．Success will never come automatically we make great efforts. 40． you persevere and do not give up halfway, you will surely create a miracle. 接点六、 目的、结果状语从句 目的状语从句常用的引导词 结果状语从句常用的引导词 that，so that，in order that (so) that，(so...) that，(such...) that， (so much/many...) that （一）so that so that的意思是“目的是……；结果……”，既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时，则通常没有情态动词。 比较：The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，为的是能在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。（目的） The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，在母亲节那天给妈妈买了一份礼物。（结果） 比较：He always studies hard so that me may make great progress.他总是努力地学习，这样他才会取得很大的进步。（目的） He always studied hard so that he made great progress.他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。（结果） （二）in order that in order that的意思是“以便……，为了……”。in order that和so that表示目的时一样，从句的谓语动词里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。 She raised her voice in order that she might be heard.她把声音抬高以便与别人听见。 =She raised her voice so that she might be heard. in order that和so that与不定式in order to，so as to以及to表示目的时表达的意思一样，不过不定式表示目的时，句子是简单句。因此上一句还可表示为： She raised her voice so as to be heard. In order to be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice in order to be heard. To be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice to be heard. 比较：so as to不能位于句首；in order to和to的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首或句中。 （三）so...that和such...that so...that和such...that的意思都是“如此……以至”，二者皆可引导结果状语从句，且含义相同，但用法有一定的区别。 句型：so+形容词/副词+that 1.When the football fans saw Beckham,they got so excited that they cried out.当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。 2.He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.他伤势很重，不得不送医院。 =So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospital. 切记：当so位于句首时，主句的主谓要倒装。 说明：如果so...that引导的结果状语从句是否定句，也可以用too...to...来表达相同的意思。 句型：such+a/an（+形容词）+单数可数名词+that =so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that 1.It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.这使他如此震惊以至于他的脸色都变白了。 2.This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. =This is so useful a dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. 这本字典很有用，我正打算买一本。 句型：such（+形容词）+不可数名词+that 1.This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.这本书是用浅易的英语写的，初学者都可以读懂。 2.He showed such concern that people took him to be a friend.他表现得如此关心以至于人们都把他当作朋友了。 （正）It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. （误）It’s so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 注意：当不可数名词的前面有形容词much，little修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+much/little+不可数名词+that”。 3.Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much.这样小的一个男孩解这道题所遇到的困难是如此之少，以至于我很羡慕他。 （第一个little意为“小”，因此前面用such修饰；第二个little意为“少”，因此前面用so修饰。） He had so much work to do that he had to work late into the night. 他有那么多工作要做，不得不工作到深夜。 句型：such（+形容词）+复数可数名词+that 1.They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.这些问题是如此复杂，以至于我不知道如何解决。 2.He made such a lot of mistakes in his maths exercises that he had to do them all over.他做错了如此多的数学题，以至于不得不全部重新做。 （正）They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. （误）They are so fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。 注意：当可数名词前有形容词many，few修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+many/few+复数可数名词+that”。 3.There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.笔记本太少了，我一本也给不了你。 4.There are so many kinds of bikes on sale at the market that I cannot make up my mind which to buy.市场上出售的自行车种类很多，我拿不定主意要买哪一种。 衔接训练 41．Why not tell your problems clearly and detailedly your friends can understand them easily? 42．More reserves should be set up so that they live safely. 43．She burned the letters so her husband would never read them. 44．The little boy saved every coin so he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 45．They chose to live in the suburbs they will not be disturbed by the heavy traffic and the serious air pollution. 46．There are so many numbers here for you to remember. I suggest that you should write them down you forget them. 47．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit it every year. 48．I developed a strong interest in stage design that I realized I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing it. 49．She was tired that she fell asleep as soon as her head hit the pillow. 50．These years the boy has shot up so fast I don’t recognize him at once. 【达标训练】 一、语法填空 1．We all felt very good we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama’s Bank Account. 2．I’m under a lot of stress these days my parents are always comparing me with my friends. 3．I made a clock to take home. The teacher helped me put the parts together. I like it so much I still use it as my alarm! 4．Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own. 5．Food shortage will long be a worldwide problem much has been done to supply enough for everyone. 6．It was a long time she recovered from the operation. 7． the Internet brings us convenience and efficiency, it can also cause some problems. 8． your dream is, as long as you try your best, you have an opportunity to realize it. 9． happened, we always still had the Bank to depend upon. 10． there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 11．The milu deer certainly seemed happy to be back in China their numbers started to grow steadily. 12．No matter how (ambition) your goal is, you’re more likely to attain it if you’re willing to start small. 13．We had bad weather that we had to stay at home surfing the Internet to kill time. 14．It’s almost a month I saw you off at the airport. 15．That’s the problem as far I can see. 16．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 17．When ( teach) English, whether to children or adults, you have to be very creative to keep their interest. 18． old you are, you can always learn something new. 19．I was sleeping in the English class the teacher patted me on the shoulder from behind. 20．They had much difficulty in keeping in touch with each other that they decided to move to the same city. 21．The bag is so heavy I can’t carry it. 22．It was a long time he knew the full result. 23．You should make a response to him you accept the job or not. 24．The Boys and Girls Club has been helping young people Jordan started it in 1996. 25．They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor Jane suddenly stopped. 二、语法与写作 26．你必须大点声说话；以便大家都能听到。(用 so that 引导状从句) 27．过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。(用before 引导的状语从句) 28．无论何时有人需要帮助，他总是伸出援手，这是他的典型作风。(it is typical of sb to do sth) 29．我正在看电视的时候我朋友Jack给我打电话了。 30．因为办公室离我家很近，所以骑自行车上班很好。 31．当我工作时，我提醒自己不要坐太久。 32．虽然出差有时候很累，但我喜欢我的工作。 33．当他专注于工作时，他总是废寝忘食。（absorb） 34．这个项目如此成功学生们还在一次大型的国际性比赛中获得第二名。 The project was successful the students won second prize in a big international competition. 35．无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。(no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句） , I will let you know. 36． you have finished your work, you’d better have a rest. 既然你已经写完作业了，你可以休息一下了。 37．尽管我们的爱好各不相同，但我们还是好朋友。(even if/even though引导的让步状语从句) , we’re still great friends. 38．正因为雪下得很大我才待在家里。(强调句型) I stayed at home. 39．为了学好该国的语言，我们应该了解这个国家以及它的文化。(so that) We should learn about the country as well as its culture . 40．我一看到他，就知道他是警察正在寻找的人。    I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 【能力提升】 一、阅读理解 The Mediterranean (地中海的) diet is the No. 1 Best Diet Overall. It’s also a top-rated diet for those looking for a heart-healthy and weight-friendly diet. Don’t confuse Americanized Mediterranean menus -which often feature too much refined pasta, beef and cheese-with healthy eating. The food and eating habits of the Mediterranean region are undoubtedly both delicious and healthful. However, the “Americanized” version of Mediterranean food, deep-fried cheese and falafel, heavy pasta dishes and a lot of beef and pork is anything but healthy. Though people living in the diverse Mediterranean region eat different types of food, their diet mainly consists of plant-based foods -whole grains, beans, nuts and unsaturated (不饱和的) fat from olive oil. A small amount of lean poultry (家禽肉) and plenty of seafood is also allowed. The nutritional value and health benefits of the Mediterranean diet were first documented in the Seven Countries Study, which investigated the relationship between diet and heart diseases among roughly 13,000 men from 1958 to 1999. The study indicated that the type of fat affects cardiovascular (心血管的) health more than total fat intake does. Although standard nutrition advice calls for a 30% limit on total calories from fat, even up to 40% may be heart-friendly, if most of the fats consumed are unsaturated. Since the Mediterranean diet focuses on nutrient-dense fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds and health y fats, it spares little room for the saturated fat, extra sugars and sodium. As a result, people who eat a Mediterranean-style diet have longer life spans, report a higher life quality and suffer from less chronic diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. Also, Mediterranean diet offers an upper hand in weight loss as a further research suggested. 1．Which food is typically included in the Mediterranean diet? A．Deep-fried cheese. B．Heavy pasta dishes. C．Refined beef. D．Seafood. 2．What can we learn about fat intake according to the Seven Countries Study? A．Total fat intake matters more. B．Type of fat is more significant. C．We should take in no more than 30% fat. D．Taking in up to 40% fat is unhealthy. 3．What will the author probably talk about in the following paragraph? A．The methods researchers conducted the study. B．Additional benefits of Mediterranean-style diet. C．Suggestions on weight losing with Mediterranean diet. D．How the Mediterranean diet promotes weight loss. 4．Where does the passage most possibly come from? A．A scientific report. B．A local newspaper. C．A food fair guidebook. D．A food magazine. 二、语法填空 A.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 So far, Tomb-Sweeping Day 5 (celebrate) in China for centuries. It is a Chinese holiday and also one of the Chinese Twenty-four Solar Terms, which falls on either April 4th 6 5th of the Gregorian calendar (公历). It’s also a time for people to remember family members 7 have passed away. The day is also regarded as the start of spring. As trees turn green and the sun shines brightly, people will go outside and enjoy the 8 (amaze) spring. They will take this opportunity 9 ( travel) together and go on long walks in parks, laughing and 10 (chat). Therefore, Tomb-Sweeping Day not only is a day to memorize the dead, but it is also a time for people to enjoy 11 (they). There are many different activities, such as taking a spring outing, or flying kites. On Tomb Sweeping Day, people often eat a kind of green colored balls 12 (make) from glutinous rice (糯米). The green color is from 13   juice of brome grass (雀麦草) that is added in the rice. All in all, Tomb-Sweeping Day is a combination of sadness and 14 (happy). B.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thirty Buddhist cultural relics have been returned to the Chinese mainland 15 Taiwan. Most of the relics were believed to 16 (steal) from Shanxi province before being taken overseas. They were transferred to the National Cultural Heritage Administration on Monday, 17 (mark) the largest return of lost relics to the mainland from Taiwan in recent years. Thirteen of the returned pieces, including the heads of broken Buddhist images and painted sculptures of Buddha, 18 (show) at the National Museum of China on Monday. In March 2016, Hsing Yun, the 19 (found) of the United Association of Humanistic Buddhism association, and his followers escorted (护送) the lost head of a 6th-century Buddhist stat ue to Beijing and donated it back to the mainland. At the donation ceremony in 2016, 20 was also held at the National Museum of China, Hsing Yun promised 21 (bring)more lost items back. He died about a year ago. “Hsing Yun established 22 outstanding example for people to safeguard Chinese cultural relics,” Sun Yeli, minister of culture and tourism, said at the museum on Monday. “Again, we see his unfulfilled wish get realized.” Sun said comprehensive studies of the relics will be soon launched. Related exhibitions will also be organized to allow people on 23 sides of the Strait to benefit from the fruits of the joint protection of cultural relics. “Cultural communication has always played an 24 (extreme) crucial role in enhancing people-to-people connectivity across the Strait and strengthening our links,” Sun said. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 专题5：状语从句（解析版） 【知识对接】 状语从句是在句中起副词作用的句子，用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。引导状语从句的连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。句式为“状语从句+逗号+主句”或“主句+状语从句”。 根据状语从句在句中的不用作用可分为以下9种：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。 接点一、时间状语从句 1.表示时间的状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 no sooner...than...一……就…… once一旦……就…… instantly一……就…… as soon as一……就…… immediately一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… scarcely...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 （1）before before的意思是“在……之前”，常用来引导时间状语从句。 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 （2）by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown.你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time I got there,the bus had already left.等我到那里时，公共汽车已开走了。 说明：这两个句子从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 必背：“by+时间”还可以构成各种短语，在句子中作时间状语。 by then截至那时 by nine o’clock截至9点钟 by the end of last year截至去年年底 by last year截至去年 by the end of next year截至明年年底 （3）once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 注意：once引导状语从句时，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，有时可以将从句的主语和be动词省略。 Once (it is) printed,the book will be very popular.这本书一旦付印，肯定很受欢迎。 （4）as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. （5）whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. 衔接训练 1． the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? 【答案】As 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人类活动的影响不断扩大，面临灭绝危险的物种名单越来越长，我们面临着一个问题：我们能承受得起破坏“地球之肺”的代价吗？此处缺少时间状语从句引导词，表示“随着”，应使用连接词as，位于句首首字母大写，故填As。 2．She was under extreme pressure moment she heard a familiar but horrible voice coming out of the room. 【答案】the 【详解】考查时间的状语从句。句意：当她听到一个熟悉但可怕的声音从房间里传出时，她承受着巨大的压力。空格前面是主句“She was under extreme pressure”，表示她处于极大的压力之下。空格后面是时间的状语从句，这是一个描述具体时间的状语从句，表示“当她听到一个熟悉但可怕的声音从房间里传出来时”，“the moment” 是一个常用的短语，用于表示“一……就，当……的时候”，引导时间的状语从句。故填the。 3．He told me the news (instant) he met me. 【答案】instantly 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：他一见到我就告诉了我这个消息。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，应用instantly。故填instantly。 4．I paid $60 more I first bought them. 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我第一次买的时候多花了60美元。本空引导时间状语从句，空格处表达“当……时候”，用when引导。故填when。 5．You need a lot of mental, intelligent and physical training you become an astronaut. 【答案】before 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在成为宇航员之前，你需要大量的心理、智力和体能训练。根据句意可知，空处应填从属连词before“在……之前”引导时间状语从句。故填before。 6．When (walk) down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：走在街上，我遇到了多年未见的大卫。时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，故可省略从句的主语和系动词。本句中的“when walking”相当于时间状语从句“when I was walking”，故填walking。 7． moment she went back to her hometown, she gave away the souvenirs to her friends. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】The 【详解】考查连词。句意：她一回到家乡，就把纪念品分发给朋友们。分析可知，此处为名词短语the moment“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句。故填The。 8．The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just the huge waves crashed the coast. 【答案】before 【详解】考查状语从句连接词。句意：就在巨浪冲击海岸之前，海滩上的人很快就被疏散了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在...之前”之意，用before引导。故填before。 9．I was waiting for the green light at a crossing a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car． 【答案】when 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我在十字路口等绿灯时，一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒了。根据“I was waiting for the green light at a crossing”可知，本题考查固定句型“was/were doing sth. when…”，该句型表示“正在做某事时，发生了……”，when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 10． as Artemisinin（青蒿素） continues to serve as the foundation of anti-malarial treatment, numerous challenges have arisen in the further application and development of this family of drug. 【答案】Even 【详解】考查连词。句意：正当青蒿素继续作为抗疟疾治疗的基础时，该家族药物的进一步应用和开发也面临着诸多挑战。even as的意思是：恰巧在……时候；正当，一般用来连接时间状语从句，位于句首首字母大写，故填Even。 接点二、让步状语从句 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 （1）though和although though，although都当“虽然”讲，二者都可与以yet或still连用，但不能与but连用。 1.Although he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =Though he was worn out,he (still) kept on working. =He still kept on working though he was worn out. =He was worn out but he still kept on working.他虽然已经筋疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 注意：（正）it was not very cold although/though it was snowing.虽下着雪，但并不太冷。 （误）Although/though it was snowing,but it was not very cold. 2.Although he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. =Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 （2）even if和even though even if相当于even though，意思是“即使，尽管，虽然……也”，其所表达的意思比although更强烈。 1.We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。 2.You should try to be nice to him,even though you don’t like him.即使你不喜欢他，也要尽量对他好些。 3.Even though/Even if it is raining,I’ll go to work.尽管下着雨，我也要去上班。 比较：even if和even though所引导的状语从句中，动词用虚拟语气时和用陈述语气时表达的意义有所不同。 （陈述语气，我现在的确生病了。） （3）“no matter+疑问词”和“疑问词-ever” “no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/where/which/how）”引导让步状语从句时，相当于whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/whichever/however，它们可以互换，表达的含义是“无论……，不管……都……”。 no matter who=whoever（无论是谁） no matter what=whatever（无论什么） no matter when=whenever（无论何时） no matter where=wherever（无论何地） no matter which=whichever（无论是哪一个） no matter how=however（无论怎样） 1.No matter who you are,you must keep the law. =Whoever you are,you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。 2.No matter what you do,I will support you. =Whatever you do,I will support you.无论你做什么，我都会支持你。 衔接训练 11．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以通过各种通信软件与亲人保持联系。结合句意可知，此处指“无论我们在哪里”，使用no matter where引导让步状语从句，故填where。 12．You can ask for help you need it. 【答案】whenever 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：你如果需要帮助随时可以提出来。分析句子可知，空处缺少从属连词，引导让步状语从句，结合句意，表示“无论什么时候”用whenever。故填whenever。 13．No matter you work, you can always find time to study. 【答案】where 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你在哪里工作，你总能挤出时间来学习。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的让步状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是地点，所以使用where，no matter where意为“无论在哪里”符合句意。故填where。 14．The old man promised to try again, his hands were mushy now and he could see well in flashes. ） 【答案】though/although 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：老人答应再试一次，尽管他的手现在已经血肉模糊，眼睛也只能忽而看得清，忽而看不清。结合句意可知，空后表示让步，用though/although“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。 15．He lacks organization when expressing his perspectives, he has extraordinarily high intelligence and often comes up with creative ideas. 【答案】though 【详解】考查连词。句意：他在表达自己的观点时缺乏条理，尽管他智商极高，经常提出创造性的想法。由“He lacks organization when expressing his perspectives”和“he has extraordinarily high intelligence and often comes up with creative ideas”可知，句子表示“他在表达自己的观点时缺乏条理，尽管他智商极高，经常提出创造性的想法”，空格处意为“尽管”，用though，引导让步状语从句，故填though。 16．We are willing to offer help, no matter is in trouble. 【答案】who 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论谁有麻烦，我们都愿意提供帮助。结合句意，用no matter who (无论谁)引导让步状语从句。故填who。 17．You have to let us struggle for ourselves, we must die in the process. 【答案】 even if/though 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你得让我们为自己拼搏，哪怕我们会在这个过程中死去。分析句子，结合句意可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，连接副词even if或even though，引导从句，意为“即使”，符合句意。故填even if或even though。 18．No matter well you know Beijing, it is easy to get lost. 【答案】how 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你多了解北京，都很容易迷路。结合语意可知，空处表示“不管多么”，no matter how 不管多么……，引导让步状语从句，符合题意。故填how。 19． he was tired, he didn’t give up running. 【答案】Although/Though/While 【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管他累了，他没有放弃奔跑。分析句子可知，空处填连词引导状语从句，根据句意，前后文为让步关系，故用although，though，或者while引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/ While。 20． happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend . 【答案】 Whatever upon/on 【详解】考查状语从句和介词。句意：无论发生什么事，我们总是知道我们还有“银行”可以依赖。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连词引导的状语从句，且从句中缺少主语，结合句意，此处表示的是“无论什么事”应为whatever，位于句首，首字母需大写；第二空为固定短语depend upon或者是depend on意为“依赖”符合句意。故填①Whatever②upon/on。 接点三、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点、方位，通常由连词where和复合关系词wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。 （一）where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 1.You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 2.You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.哪儿有问题，你就在哪儿做个记号。 =Where you have any questions,you’d better make a mark. 3.We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 4.Where they went,they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 ※比较：where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，它引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。 Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. =Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. （where引导定语从句，引导地点状语从句。） 温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。 有时，where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面；而where引导的定语从句则不能放在主句的前面。 Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。（where引导地点状语从句。） （二）wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 1.Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 2.Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. 衔接训练 21．He was inspired by them to go and teach he was needed the most. 【答案】where 【详解】考查连词。句意：他受到他们的激励，去最需要他的地方教学。分析句子可知，空处应为连词，引导地点状语从句，表示“去最需要他的地方教学”，故应用连词where。故填where。 22．A parking lot is going to be built there used to be a small park. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在过去是一个小公园的地方要建一个停车场。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导地点状语从句，说明主句事件发生的地点。故填where。 23．It is generally believed that it is impossible to find life there is no water. 【答案】where 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：一般认为，在没有水的地方是不可能找到生命。设空处连接状语从句，作地点状语，应用where连接地点状语从句，故填where。 24．He (meet) wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he was inspired by them to go and teach he was needed the most. 【答案】 had met where 【详解】考查时态和状语从句。句意：早年上学时，他遇到了来自小村庄的优秀老师，他们激励他去最需要他的地方教书。第一空表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时；第二空引导地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”应用where。故填①had met；②where。 25．She was standing exactly you are standing now. 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她当时就站在你现在站的地方。此处考查地点状语从句，从句中缺地点，应用连词where引导，故填where。 接点四、 原因的状语从句 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 （一）because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 1.A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 2.I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 3.The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs.博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 （二）since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 1.Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 （三）as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 1.As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 2.As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 （四）now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 1.Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 2.Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today.由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 3.She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young.鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 衔接训练 26．Now you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：既然你有了机会，你不妨充分利用它。由you might as well make full use of it可知，句子表示“既然你有了机会，你不妨充分利用它”，“既然”是now that，因此空格处是that。故填that。 27．Don’t choose activities like running or lifting weights at the gym just you think that’s what you should do. Instead, pick activities that fit your lifestyle, abilities, and taste. 【答案】because 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不要仅仅因为你认为跑步或举重这些活动是你应该做的事情就在健身房选择这些活动。相反，选择适合你的生活方式、能力和品味的活动。分析句子结构并结合句意，____ you think that’s what you should do是原因，所以应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 28．The proposals deserve support they give priority to the needs of children. 【答案】as/because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：这些建议应该得到支持，因为它们优先考虑了儿童的需要。结合句意可知，空后表示原因，用连词as或because引导原因状语从句，故填as/because。 29．It was I was ill that I was absent from the meeting. 【答案】because 【详解】考查连词。句意：我缺席会议是因为我病了。此处需要填入连词，意为“因为”，即because，它引导原因状语从句后作为强调句型的被强调部分，故填because。 30． it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 【答案】Because/Since/As 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：因为下雪了，我们不去公园了。由“we shall not go to the park”可知，句子表示“因为下雪了，我们不去公园了”，空格处意为“因为”，是because/since/as，引导原因状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Because/Since/As。 接点五、 条件状语从句 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 （一）if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 1.If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now.你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 2.If we interfere with nature,we will have to deal with the consequences.如果我们干预自然，我们将不得不应付后果。 3.If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 4.If you don’t visit him tomorrow,he will be angry.如果你明天不去看他，他会生气的。 =Unless you visit him tomorrow,he’ll be angry.除非你明天去看他，否则他就会生气的。 （二）in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 1.Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 2.Take some money with you in case you want to buy something.带上些钱，万一你想要买一些东西呢。 比较：“in case+从句”和“in case of+名词”都表示“以防，万一”。 They won’t be able to go to the park in case it rains.=In case of rain they can’t go to the park.万一下雨，他们就不能去公园了。 in that case意为“如果是那样的话”。 In that case,he would be punished.要是情况如此，他将会受到惩罚。 （表示假设条件，he would be punished是虚拟语气。） Will Li Ming attend the party?In that case,I won’t attend it.李明会参加聚会吗？若是那样的话，我就不参加了。 衔接训练 31．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 【答案】if 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你能照顾我的孩子，我会很感激的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是条件，意为“如果”符合句意。故填if。 32．There is a discount for the cost of the 6­week English course (provide) that you pay in advance. 【答案】provided/providing 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你提前付款，6周的英语课程费用会有折扣。provided/providing that为固定搭配，意为“假如”，引导条件状语从句。故填provided/providing。 33． you are addicted to computer games, it’s hard for you to focus your mind on your study. 【答案】Once/If 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一旦/如果你沉迷于电脑游戏，你就很难集中精力学习。根据句意，“沉迷于电脑游戏”是“难集中精力学习”的条件，用从属连词once或者if引导条件状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填Once或If。 34． (assume) he’s still alive, how old would he be now? 【答案】Assuming 【详解】考查连词和条件状语从句。句意：假定他还活着，他现在有多大年纪了? 分析可知，“________ (assume) he’s still alive”为条件状语从句，应是用连词引导从句。“assume”，动词，意为“假定；假设”，“assuming”，为连词，意为“假设……为真；假如”，“assuming (that)”可引导条件状语从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Assuming。 35．If you are capable of playing the piano well, you (have) the opportunity to join their band. 【答案】will have 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果你钢琴弹得好，你就有机会加入他们的乐队。分析句子可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，所以此处主句时态应为一般将来时。故填will have。 36．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything I went through something. 【答案】unless 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：她的话使我非常困惑，因为除非我经历了某些事情，否则我什么也不明白。此处表示“除非”，应用unless引导条件状语从句，故填unless。 37． what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. 【答案】If 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我作为一名教师所做的事情能够帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处应用if“如果”来引导条件状语从句，位于句首注意首字母大写，故填If。 38． people are exposed to more positive news articles, they tend to demonstrate positive emotions and make positive posts themselves. 【答案】When/If 【详解】考查时间或条件状语从句。句意：当/如果人们接触到更多积极的新闻文章时，他们往往会表现出积极的情绪，并发表积极的帖子。分析句子可知，前半句可理解为和后半句同时发生，空处可用从属连词when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；前半句也可理解为是后半句发生的条件，空处可用从属连词if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果……”；且空处位于句首，when或if的首字母均需大写。故填When/If。 39．Success will never come automatically we make great efforts. 【答案】unless 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非我们努力，否则成功就不会自动到来。分析句子可知，设空处在句中连接两个简单句，结合句意可知，后一句是前一句的条件，这是一个条件状语从句，前后句意相反相对，应用unless，表示“除非、如果不”。故填unless。 40． you persevere and do not give up halfway, you will surely create a miracle. 【答案】 As long as 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：只要你坚持住，中途不放弃，你就会创造奇迹的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查引导引导条件状语从句的连词as long as，意为“只要”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填As long as。 接点六、 目的、结果状语从句 目的状语从句常用的引导词 结果状语从句常用的引导词 that，so that，in order that (so) that，(so...) that，(such...) that， (so much/many...) that （一）so that so that的意思是“目的是……；结果……”，既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。而引导结果状语从句时，则通常没有情态动词。 比较：The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，为的是能在母亲节给妈妈买一份礼物。（目的） The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 小男孩把一枚枚硬币积攒起来，在母亲节那天给妈妈买了一份礼物。（结果） 比较：He always studies hard so that me may make great progress.他总是努力地学习，这样他才会取得很大的进步。（目的） He always studied hard so that he made great progress.他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。（结果） （二）in order that in order that的意思是“以便……，为了……”。in order that和so that表示目的时一样，从句的谓语动词里常有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。 She raised her voice in order that she might be heard.她把声音抬高以便与别人听见。 =She raised her voice so that she might be heard. in order that和so that与不定式in order to，so as to以及to表示目的时表达的意思一样，不过不定式表示目的时，句子是简单句。因此上一句还可表示为： She raised her voice so as to be heard. In order to be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice in order to be heard. To be heard she raised her voice. She raised her voice to be heard. 比较：so as to不能位于句首；in order to和to的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首或句中。 （三）so...that和such...that so...that和such...that的意思都是“如此……以至”，二者皆可引导结果状语从句，且含义相同，但用法有一定的区别。 句型：so+形容词/副词+that 1.When the football fans saw Beckham,they got so excited that they cried out.当球迷们看到贝克汉姆的时候，他们如此激动以至于大喊大叫。 2.He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.他伤势很重，不得不送医院。 =So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospital. 切记：当so位于句首时，主句的主谓要倒装。 说明：如果so...that引导的结果状语从句是否定句，也可以用too...to...来表达相同的意思。 句型：such+a/an（+形容词）+单数可数名词+that =so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that 1.It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.这使他如此震惊以至于他的脸色都变白了。 2.This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. =This is so useful a dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it. 这本字典很有用，我正打算买一本。 句型：such（+形容词）+不可数名词+that 1.This book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.这本书是用浅易的英语写的，初学者都可以读懂。 2.He showed such concern that people took him to be a friend.他表现得如此关心以至于人们都把他当作朋友了。 （正）It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. （误）It’s so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 多么好的天气啊！我们大家都想去公园玩。 注意：当不可数名词的前面有形容词much，little修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+much/little+不可数名词+that”。 3.Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much.这样小的一个男孩解这道题所遇到的困难是如此之少，以至于我很羡慕他。 （第一个little意为“小”，因此前面用such修饰；第二个little意为“少”，因此前面用so修饰。） He had so much work to do that he had to work late into the night. 他有那么多工作要做，不得不工作到深夜。 句型：such（+形容词）+复数可数名词+that 1.They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.这些问题是如此复杂，以至于我不知道如何解决。 2.He made such a lot of mistakes in his maths exercises that he had to do them all over.他做错了如此多的数学题，以至于不得不全部重新做。 （正）They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. （误）They are so fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师，我们对他们极为尊敬。 注意：当可数名词前有形容词many，few修饰时，要用so，而不用such。句型为“so+many/few+复数可数名词+that”。 3.There are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.笔记本太少了，我一本也给不了你。 4.There are so many kinds of bikes on sale at the market that I cannot make up my mind which to buy.市场上出售的自行车种类很多，我拿不定主意要买哪一种。 衔接训练 41．Why not tell your problems clearly and detailedly your friends can understand them easily? 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：为什么不把你的问题清楚详细地说出来，这样你的朋友就能很容易地理解？结合句意可知，空后表示目的，应用连词so“以便，为了”引导目的状语从句，故填so。 42．More reserves should be set up so that they live safely. 【答案】can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：应该建立更多的保护区，以便他们能够安全地生活。so that引导目的状语从句，live前面需要填入情态动词，需要的意思为“能够”，故填can。 43．She burned the letters so her husband would never read them. 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她把那些信都烧了以便永远不让她丈夫读到它们。so that表示“以便”，引导目的状语从句，故填that。 44．The little boy saved every coin so he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s Day. 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这个小男孩把每一枚硬币都存起来，以便在母亲节给母亲买礼物。本题考查固定短语so that“以便”，该短语在句中引导目的语从句。故填that。 45．They chose to live in the suburbs they will not be disturbed by the heavy traffic and the serious air pollution. 【答案】 so that 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：他们选择住在郊区，为了不被繁忙的交通和严重的空气污染所困扰。后半句表明了他们选择住到郊区去的目的，所以用so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”。根据句意，故填so that。 46．There are so many numbers here for you to remember. I suggest that you should write them down you forget them. 【答案】 in case 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：这里有很多数字需要你记住。我建议你把它们写下来，以防忘记。根据句意，设空处考查从属连词，应用短语in case，意为“以防，以防万一”，引导目的状语从句。故填：①in；②case。 47．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit it every year. 【答案】so 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：长城是一个如此闻名的旅游景点，每年都有很多游客来参观。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是结果状语从句：so+adj.+名词+ that …，意为“如此……，以至于……”。故填so。 48．I developed a strong interest in stage design that I realized I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing it. 【答案】such 【详解】考查连词。句意：我对舞台设计产生了如此强烈的兴趣，以至于我意识到我想用我余生的时间来做这件事。分析句子结构，本句使用了“such a +名词+that”结构，表示“如此……的……”，符合句意，故填such。 49．She was tired that she fell asleep as soon as her head hit the pillow. 【答案】so 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：她太累了，头一碰到枕头就睡着了。分析句子可知，此处为连词so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从可，满足句意要求。故填so。 50．These years the boy has shot up so fast I don’t recognize him at once. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：这些年来，这个男孩长得太快了，我一下子认不出他了。分析句子结构可知，本句用固定句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导结果状语从句。结合空前的so和句意可知，应用that引导结果状语从句。故填that。 【达标训练】 一、语法填空 1．We all felt very good we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama’s Bank Account. 【答案】because/as/since 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：我们都感觉很好，因为我们不必去市中心从妈妈的银行账户里提款。根据空前和空后两句话的语境可知，空处需要because/as/since“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 2．I’m under a lot of stress these days my parents are always comparing me with my friends. 【答案】because/as/since 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这些天我压力很大，因为我的父母总是拿我和我的朋友比较。空后句子是空前句子的原因，此处应用because/as/since引导原因状语从句，故填because/as/since。 3．I made a clock to take home. The teacher helped me put the parts together. I like it so much I still use it as my alarm! 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：我做了一个钟带回家。老师帮我把零件组装起来。我非常喜欢它，我现在还用它当闹钟！分析句子结构可知，此处为so...that...，意为“如此……以至于”引导结果状语从句。故填that。 4．Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from your own. 【答案】even if/even though 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：给孩子们表达意见的空间，即使他们与你的不同。根据语境可知，此处使用固定短语even if/though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。故填even if/though。 5．Food shortage will long be a worldwide problem much has been done to supply enough for everyone. 【答案】though/although 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管已经做了很多工作来为每个人提供足够的食物，但粮食短缺将长期成为一个世界性的问题。结合语意可知，尽管已经做了很多工作，但是粮食短缺仍将是一个长期的世界性问题，空处应用连词though/although，表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。 6．It was a long time she recovered from the operation. 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：过了很长时间她才从手术中恢复过来。根据空前“It was a long time”可知，本题考查句型“It was long time+before……”，意为“过了很长时间后才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 7． the Internet brings us convenience and efficiency, it can also cause some problems. 【答案】While/Although/Though 【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然互联网给我们带来了方便和效率，但它也会引起一些问题。根据“the Internet brings us convenience and efficiency”和“it can also cause some problems”可知，此处是指虽然互联网给我们带来了方便和效率，所以应用连词while/although/though表示“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填While/Although/Though。 8． your dream is, as long as you try your best, you have an opportunity to realize it. 【答案】Whatever 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论你的梦想是什么，只要你尽力，你就有机会实现它。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。空处作表语，表示“无论什么”，应用whatever引导让步状语从句，置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Whatever。 9． happened, we always still had the Bank to depend upon. 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论发生什么，我们仍然有银行可以依靠。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。 10． there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 【答案】Though/Although 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然作业没有我习惯的那么多，但仍然很有挑战性。根据句意可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although。首字母大写。故填Though/Although。 11．The milu deer certainly seemed happy to be back in China their numbers started to grow steadily. 【答案】because/since/as/where 【详解】考查状语从句或定语从句。句意：麋鹿当然似乎很高兴回到中国，因为它们的数量开始稳步增长。分析句子结构并结合句意，麋鹿高兴回中国是因为其数量增长，空处可用because/since/as引导原因状语从句，前后为因果关系。也可看作空处引导定语从句，先行词为China，从句中缺少地点，用where引导。故填because/since/as/where。 12．No matter how (ambition) your goal is, you’re more likely to attain it if you’re willing to start small. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：无论你的目标多么宏伟，如果你愿意从小处着手，你就更有可能实现它。no matter how“无论如何；不管怎样”引导让步状语从句，后接形容词或副词，分析句子可知，空处应用名词ambition的形容词形式ambitious“雄心勃勃的”在句中作系动词is的表语。故填ambitious。 13．We had bad weather that we had to stay at home surfing the Internet to kill time. 【答案】such 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：天气太坏了，我们只好呆在家里上网消磨时间。由句意及空后的that we had to stay at home surfing the Internet to kill time可知此处为such...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填such。 14．It’s almost a month I saw you off at the airport. 【答案】since 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：从我在机场给你送行到现在差不多有一个月了。it is +时间段+since...是固定句型，意为“自……过去已有多久”，其中since引导时间状语从句，故填since。 15．That’s the problem as far I can see. 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：就我所见，这就是问题所在。此处缺少从属连词as，构成as far as+从句，表示“在……范围内，就……而言”，引导状语从句，强调程度或范围。故填as。 16．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：周二晚上，Tim在纽约市的活动中回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时情绪激动。结合句意可知，此处指“当他在回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时”，用when引导时间状语从句，当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词，完整从句为when he was recalling his recent conversation with dad.故填when。 17．When ( teach) English, whether to children or adults, you have to be very creative to keep their interest. 【答案】teaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当教英语时，无论是对儿童还是成人，你都必须非常有创造力才能保持他们的兴趣。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词teach是句子主语you主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作时间状语。故填teaching。 18． old you are, you can always learn something new. 【答案】However/No matter how 【详解】考查连词。句意：无论你多大年纪,你总能学到新东西。根据句意和空格后的形容词old可知，用no matter how或者however引导让步状语从句，how或者however修饰形容词old，作状语。故填However/No matter how。 19．I was sleeping in the English class the teacher patted me on the shoulder from behind. 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正在英语课上睡觉，这时老师从后面拍了拍我的肩膀。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定句型be doing…when…意为“正在做某事时，这时另外一件事情发生”符合句意，所以此处应使用连词when。故填when。 20．They had much difficulty in keeping in touch with each other that they decided to move to the same city. 【答案】so　 【详解】考查固定结构。句意：他们彼此保持联系有很大困难，以至于他们决定搬到同一个城市。由空后的much difficulty及句中的that可推知，此处应用so与that搭配，构成“so+much+不可数名词+that...”结构,表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。 21．The bag is so heavy I can’t carry it. 【答案】that 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：这个包太重了，我拿不动。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so后面跟形容词或副词。故填that。 22．It was a long time he knew the full result. 【答案】before 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：过了很长时间他才知道全部结果。此处为固定句型：it was+时间段+before+句子，意为“过了……才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 23．You should make a response to him you accept the job or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你是否接受这份工作，你都应该对他作出回应。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填让步状语从句的引导词，whether...or not表示“无论(不管)是……还是……”，所以应填whether。故填whether。 24．The Boys and Girls Club has been helping young people Jordan started it in 1996. 【答案】since 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年成立以来一直在帮助年轻人。分析句子，设空处引导的是时间状语从句，此处表示“自从”用since。故填since。 【点睛】 25．They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor Jane suddenly stopped. 【答案】when 【详解】考查连词。句意：他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，简突然停了下来。be doing...when...正在做某事的时候，突然……。根据句意，故填when。 二、语法与写作 26．你必须大点声说话；以便大家都能听到。(用 so that 引导状从句) 【答案】You must speak louder so that everyone can hear you. 【详解】考查目的状语从句。主句的主语为you，“必须”用情态动词“must”，“大点声说话”可以翻译为“speak louder”，speak和前面的must构成谓语动词。so that“以便”，引导目的状语从句。从句的主语为everyone“大家，每个人”，“能听到”可以翻译为“can hear ”，hear的宾语为you。故翻译为You must speak louder so that everyone can hear you. 27．过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。(用before 引导的状语从句) 【答案】It was a long time before I realized the truth. 【详解】考查状语从句。描述过去发生的动作，句子应用一般过去时。句子采用固定句式“过了很长时间才……”It was a long time before...，before引导的时间主语从句中，主语“我”I，谓语“认识到”realize，应用过去式形式realized，宾语“真相”the truth。故翻译为It was a long time before I realized the truth. 28．无论何时有人需要帮助，他总是伸出援手，这是他的典型作风。(it is typical of sb to do sth) 【答案】It is typical of him to offer/give/lend/extend a helping hand whenever/no matter when someone is in need (of help). /Whenever/No matter when someone is in need (of help), it is typical of him to offer/give/lend/extend a helping hand. 【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和固定句型。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“无论何时”翻译为whenever/no matter when，引导时间状语从句；“有人需要帮助”翻译为 someone is in need (of help)；“是某人的典型作风”用固定句型it is typical of sb to do sth，其中，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式结构；“伸出援手”用短语 offer/give/lend/extend a helping hand。状语从句可以位于句首或句末。故翻译为It is typical of him to offer/give/lend/extend a helping hand whenever/no matter when someone is in need (of help). /Whenever/No matter when someone is in need (of help), it is typical of him to offer/give/lend/extend a helping hand. 29．我正在看电视的时候我朋友Jack给我打电话了。 【答案】I was watching TV when my friends Jack phoned. 【详解】考查时间状语从句。分析句子结构，这个句子使用了时间状语从句的固定句型“sb. was doing when sb. did”，意思是“某人正在做……突然……”，主句是“我正在看电视”，翻译成I was watching TV，从句是“我朋友Jack给我打电话了”，翻译成my friends Jack phoned，故翻译为I was watching TV when my friends Jack phoned. 30．因为办公室离我家很近，所以骑自行车上班很好。 【答案】Since my office is near my house, it’s really nice to cycle to work. 【详解】考查时态，从句和非谓语动词。“因为办公室离我家很近”是原因状语，用since引导状语从句，句子描述事实用一般现在时，故译为Since my office is near my house，“所以骑自行车上班很好”是主句，可理解为“骑自行车上班是很好的”，用句型It is+形容词+不定式，有连词since，“所以”不再翻译，故译为 it’s really nice to cycle to work.，故答案为Since my office is near my house, it’s really nice to cycle to work. 31．当我工作时，我提醒自己不要坐太久。 【答案】When I was working, I reminded myself not to sit for long hours. 【详解】考查状语从句和动词短语。“当我工作时”可用when引导时间状语从句，描述过去正在发生的事，用过去进行时，译为“when I was working”；“我醒自己不要做某事”可用固定搭配：remind sb. not to do sth.，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时；“坐太久”译为“sit for long hours”。故译为：When I was working, I reminded myself not to sit for long hours. 32．虽然出差有时候很累，但我喜欢我的工作。 【答案】Although the business trips are tiring sometimes, I like my work. 【详解】考查让步状语从句，时态，主谓一致和形容词。“虽然……但……”用although引导让步状语从句，“出差”是the business trip，trip要用复数，“很累”用形容词tiring作表语，“有时候”是sometimes，句子时态用一般现在时，tiring前面的be动词用are，“喜欢”是like，句子描述经常性，习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时，主语是I，因此like用原形，“我的工作”是my work，因此整句话翻译为“Although the business trips are tiring sometimes, I like my work”。故答案为Although the business trips are tiring sometimes, I like my work. 33．当他专注于工作时，他总是废寝忘食。（absorb） 【答案】When absorbed in his work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. 【详解】考查动词短语、名词、副词和状语从句中的省略。根据汉语提示，陈述一般事实可使用一般现在时。分析句子结构可知，该句可使用when引导的时间状语从句，“专注于”表达为固定短语be absorbed in，“（他的）工作”表达为名词短语his work，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，从句完整形式为When he is absorbed in work，可省略he is。主句中“总是”可用副词always，“废寝忘食”可表达为动词短语forgets all about eating or sleeping。故翻译为When absorbed in his work, he always forgets all about eating or sleeping. 34．这个项目如此成功学生们还在一次大型的国际性比赛中获得第二名。 The project was successful the students won second prize in a big international competition. 【答案】 so that 【详解】考查固定搭配：根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“如此……以至于”，为固定搭配：so...that...。故填①so，②that。 35．无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。(no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句） , I will let you know. 【答案】No matter what happens to me 【详解】考查状语从句和时态。此处no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用no matter what；表示“某事发生在某人身上”应用happen to sb.；此处为主将从现。故填No matter what happens to me。 36． you have finished your work, you’d better have a rest. 既然你已经写完作业了，你可以休息一下了。 【答案】 Now that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。根据汉语提示可知，空处可用固定短语now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。故填①Now②that。 37．尽管我们的爱好各不相同，但我们还是好朋友。(even if/even though引导的让步状语从句) , we’re still great friends. 【答案】Even if/Even though we have different hobbies 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用even if/even though；主语为we；表示“爱好各不相同”为have different hobbies，此处为主将从现。首字母大写。故填Even if/Even though we have different hobbies。 38．正因为雪下得很大我才待在家里。(强调句型) I stayed at home. 【答案】It was because it snowed heavily that 【详解】考查强调句型，时态和从句。结合stayed可知句子使用一般过去时，“因为”使用because引导原因状语从句，使用it作主语，表示天气，“下雪”使用动词snow，“很大”使用副词heavily，本句使用强调句型“It was+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分是原因状语从句，故填It was because it snowed heavily that。 39．为了学好该国的语言，我们应该了解这个国家以及它的文化。(so that) We should learn about the country as well as its culture . 【答案】so that we can learn its language well 【详解】考查目的状语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，空处应用连词so that“以便，为了”引导的目的状语从句，在该从句中，主语“我们”we，使用情态动词can表示“能够”，后接动词原形形式，表示“学好该国的语言”应为动词短语learn its language well。故填so that we can learn its language well。 40．我一看到他，就知道他是警察正在寻找的人。    I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 【答案】 The instant/moment/second/minute 【详解】考查时间状语从句。表示“一……就”应用the instant/moment/second/minute引导时间状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填①The②instant/moment/second/minute。 【能力提升】 一、阅读理解 The Mediterranean (地中海的) diet is the No. 1 Best Diet Overall. It’s also a top-rated diet for those looking for a heart-healthy and weight-friendly diet. Don’t confuse Americanized Mediterranean menus -which often feature too much refined pasta, beef and cheese-with healthy eating. The food and eating habits of the Mediterranean region are undoubtedly both delicious and healthful. However, the “Americanized” version of Mediterranean food, deep-fried cheese and falafel, heavy pasta dishes and a lot of beef and pork is anything but healthy. Though people living in the diverse Mediterranean region eat different types of food, their diet mainly consists of plant-based foods -whole grains, beans, nuts and unsaturated (不饱和的) fat from olive oil. A small amount of lean poultry (家禽肉) and plenty of seafood is also allowed. The nutritional value and health benefits of the Mediterranean diet were first documented in the Seven Countries Study, which investigated the relationship between diet and heart diseases among roughly 13,000 men from 1958 to 1999. The study indicated that the type of fat affects cardiovascular (心血管的) health more than total fat intake does. Although standard nutrition advice calls for a 30% limit on total calories from fat, even up to 40% may be heart-friendly, if most of the fats consumed are unsaturated. Since the Mediterranean diet focuses on nutrient-dense fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds and health y fats, it spares little room for the saturated fat, extra sugars and sodium. As a result, people who eat a Mediterranean-style diet have longer life spans, report a higher life quality and suffer from less chronic diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. Also, Mediterranean diet offers an upper hand in weight loss as a further research suggested. 1．Which food is typically included in the Mediterranean diet? A．Deep-fried cheese. B．Heavy pasta dishes. C．Refined beef. D．Seafood. 2．What can we learn about fat intake according to the Seven Countries Study? A．Total fat intake matters more. B．Type of fat is more significant. C．We should take in no more than 30% fat. D．Taking in up to 40% fat is unhealthy. 3．What will the author probably talk about in the following paragraph? A．The methods researchers conducted the study. B．Additional benefits of Mediterranean-style diet. C．Suggestions on weight losing with Mediterranean diet. D．How the Mediterranean diet promotes weight loss. 4．Where does the passage most possibly come from? A．A scientific report. B．A local newspaper. C．A food fair guidebook. D．A food magazine. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地中海饮食的特点、健康效益以及其与心脏疾病和体重管理的关系。 1．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Though people living in the diverse Mediterranean region eat different types of food, their diet mainly consists of plant-based foods -whole grains, beans, nuts and unsaturated (不饱和的) fat from olive oil. A small amount of lean poultry (家禽肉) and plenty of seafood is also allowed. (尽管生活在不同地中海地区的人们吃不同类型的食物，但他们的饮食主要由植物性食物组成——全谷物、豆类、坚果和橄榄油中的不饱和脂肪。少量的瘦肉家禽和大量的海鲜也是允许的。)”可知，地中海饮食中通常包含海鲜。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The study indicated that the type of fat affects cardiovascular (心血管的) health more than total fat intake does. Although standard nutrition advice calls for a 30% limit on total calories from fat, even up to 40% may be heart-friendly, if most of the fats consumed are unsaturated. (研究表明，脂肪的种类比总脂肪摄入量对心血管健康的影响更大。虽然标准的营养建议要求将来自脂肪的总热量限制在30%，但如果摄入的大部分脂肪都是不饱和的，那么即使高达40%也可能对心脏有益。)”可知，脂肪的类型比总脂肪摄入量更重要。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Since the Mediterranean diet focuses on nutrient-dense fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds and health y fats, it spares little room for the saturated fat, extra sugars and sodium. As a result, people who eat a Mediterranean-style diet have longer life spans, report a higher life quality and suffer from less chronic diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. Also, Mediterranean diet offers an upper hand in weight loss as a further research suggested. (由于地中海饮食注重营养丰富的水果、蔬菜、全谷物、坚果、种子和健康脂肪，它几乎没有给饱和脂肪、额外的糖和钠留出空间。因此，吃地中海式饮食的人寿命更长，生活质量更高，患癌症和心脏病等慢性疾病的几率也更低。此外，进一步的研究表明，地中海饮食在减肥方面占上风。)”可知，提到了地中海式饮食在减肥方面的优势，并提到进一步的研究表明了这一点。基于此内容推断，接下来的段落可能会讨论 地中海饮食如何促进减肥的机制或详细信息。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“The Mediterranean (地中海的) diet is the No. 1 Best Diet Overall.  It’s also a top-rated diet for those looking for a heart-healthy and weight-friendly diet. (地中海饮食是最佳饮食的第一名。对于那些寻求心脏健康和减肥饮食的人来说，这也是一种最受欢迎的饮食。)”可知，文章内容涉及地中海饮食的营养价值、健康益处及其对心血管健康的影响，这些信息更可能出现在与健康、营养相关的出版物上。因此，最有可能的来源是一本食品杂志。故选D。 二、语法填空 A.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 So far, Tomb-Sweeping Day 5 (celebrate) in China for centuries. It is a Chinese holiday and also one of the Chinese Twenty-four Solar Terms, which falls on either April 4th 6 5th of the Gregorian calendar (公历). It’s also a time for people to remember family members 7 have passed away. The day is also regarded as the start of spring. As trees turn green and the sun shines brightly, people will go outside and enjoy the 8 (amaze) spring. They will take this opportunity 9 ( travel) together and go on long walks in parks, laughing and 10 (chat). Therefore, Tomb-Sweeping Day not only is a day to memorize the dead, but it is also a time for people to enjoy 11 (they). There are many different activities, such as taking a spring outing, or flying kites. On Tomb Sweeping Day, people often eat a kind of green colored balls 12 (make) from glutinous rice (糯米). The green color is from 13   juice of brome grass (雀麦草) that is added in the rice. All in all, Tomb-Sweeping Day is a combination of sadness and 14 (happy). 【答案】5．has been celebrated 6．or 7．who/that 8．amazing 9．to travel 10．chatting 11．themselves 12．made 13．the 14．happiness 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清明节的起源、意义、相关习俗以及人们在这一天通常会进行的活动。 5．考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，清明节已经在中国庆祝了几个世纪。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“so far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“Tomb-Sweeping Day”，单数，和动词“celebrate”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填has been celebrated。 6．考查连词。句意：它是一个中国的节日，也是中国的二十四节气之一，通常是在公历的4月4日或5日。根据空前的“4th”和空后的“5th”是选择关系，用or连接。故填or。 7．考查定语从句。句意：同时，这也是人们缅怀去世的家人的日子。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“family members”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 8．考查形容词。句意：随着树木变绿，阳光明媚，人们会外出享受美妙的春天。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，修饰空后的名词“spring”。动词amaze的形容词形式有两种：amazed，意为“感到惊讶的”，修饰人；amazing，意为“美妙的、令人惊叹的”，修饰物。故填amazing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们会借此机会一起旅行，在公园里散步，谈笑风生。非谓语担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to travel。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们会借此机会一起旅行，在公园里散步，谈笑风生。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“they”和动词“chat”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填chatting。 11．考查固定短语。句意：因此，清明节不仅是纪念逝者的日子，也是人们娱乐的日子。固定短语：enjoy oneself，意为“娱乐”，符合句意。故填themselves。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：在清明节这天，人们经常吃一种绿色的糯米团。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a kind of green colored balls”和动词“make”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填made。 13．考查冠词。句意：绿色来自添加在大米中的雀麦草的汁液。修饰名词单数，表示特指，用定冠词the。故填the。 14．考查名词。句意：总之，清明节是悲伤和快乐的结合。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语，和空前的“sadness”保持一致。故填happiness。 B.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thirty Buddhist cultural relics have been returned to the Chinese mainland 15 Taiwan. Most of the relics were believed to 16 (steal) from Shanxi province before being taken overseas. They were transferred to the National Cultural Heritage Administration on Monday, 17 (mark) the largest return of lost relics to the mainland from Taiwan in recent years. Thirteen of the returned pieces, including the heads of broken Buddhist images and painted sculptures of Buddha, 18 (show) at the National Museum of China on Monday. In March 2016, Hsing Yun, the 19 (found) of the United Association of Humanistic Buddhism association, and his followers escorted (护送) the lost head of a 6th-century Buddhist stat ue to Beijing and donated it back to the mainland. At the donation ceremony in 2016, 20 was also held at the National Museum of China, Hsing Yun promised 21 (bring)more lost items back. He died about a year ago. “Hsing Yun established 22 outstanding example for people to safeguard Chinese cultural relics,” Sun Yeli, minister of culture and tourism, said at the museum on Monday. “Again, we see his unfulfilled wish get realized.” Sun said comprehensive studies of the relics will be soon launched. Related exhibitions will also be organized to allow people on 23 sides of the Strait to benefit from the fruits of the joint protection of cultural relics. “Cultural communication has always played an 24 (extreme) crucial role in enhancing people-to-people connectivity across the Strait and strengthening our links,” Sun said. 【答案】15．from 16．be stolen 17．marking 18．were shown 19．founder 20．which 21．to bring 22．an 23．both 24．extremely 【导语】本文 一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了三十件佛教文物从台湾回归祖国大陆。 15．考查介词。句意：三十件佛教文物从台湾回归祖国大陆。此处表示从台湾回归祖国大陆，应用介词from。故填from。 16．考查动词语态。句意：据信，大部分文物是从山西省被盗，然后被带到海外。Most of the relics和动词steal是被动关系，应用被动语态，且be believed to do为固定搭配，be动词使用原形。故填be stolen。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些文物于周一被移交给国家文物局，这标志着近年来台湾最大批流失文物回归大陆。此处是非谓语动词作状语，动词mark的逻辑主语是前面整个句子，二者之间是主动关系，表示一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词，故填marking。 18．考查时态和语态。句意：周一，十三件归还的文物在中国国家博物馆展出，其中包括破碎佛像头部和佛像彩绘等。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事，且主语和动词show是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were，故填were shown。 19．考查名词。句意：2016年3月，人间佛教联合会创始人星云大师率领信徒将一尊丢失的六世纪佛像头部护送到北京，捐赠回大陆。此处应用名词founder作Hsing Yun的同位语，应用名词单数形式。故填founder。 20．考查定语从句。句意：2016年，星云大师在同样于中国国家博物馆举行的捐赠仪式上承诺，将带回更多丢失的文物。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词donation ceremony，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年，星云大师在同样于中国国家博物馆举行的捐赠仪式上承诺，将带回更多丢失的文物。promise to do sth.固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to bring。 22．考查冠词。句意：文化和旅游部部长孙业利周一在博物馆表示：“星云大师为人们保护中国文物树立了杰出的典范。”此处泛指“一个杰出的例子”，且outstanding发音是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 23．考查限定词。句意：还将举办相关展览，让两岸民众都能享受到文物联合保护的成果。此处表示“两者”，表肯定意义，应用both，故填both。 24．考查副词。句意：孙表示：“文化交流对增进两岸民间沟通、加强两岸联系始终发挥着极其重要的作用。”此处修饰形容词crucial，应用副词extremely“极其”，作状语。故填extremely。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$