精品解析：内蒙古呼和浩特市回民区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

高二年级英语学科增值性评价数据采集 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What drink will the man order? A. An apple juice. B. A tomato juice. C. A cold beer. 2. What do we know about Jack? A. He will work on the project. B. He is not tough enough. C. He has little patience. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a subway station. B. At an airport. C. In a taxi. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Have a rest. B. Go to the movies. C. Visit Jeff with the man. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She couldn’t find Mr. Beringer. B. She was late for an interview. C. She failed to get a job. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to reserve? A. A business suite. B. Two double rooms. C. Three single rooms. 7. When will the man check in? A. On December 16th. B. On December 19th. C. On December 23rd. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where do the speakers prefer to go? A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C. The Bahamas. 9. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Check the travel fees. B. Call their friends. C. Book their flight. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman dislike about the play? A. The clothes. B. The acting. C. The set. 11. Who is the man’s old classmate? A. The actress. B. The director. C. The screenwriter. 12. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a play. B. In the middle of a play. C. At the end of a play. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Landon succeed in doing? A. Managing his own business. B. Completing a degree in Computer. C. Getting into a college. 14. How much does Jason’s school charge per year now? A. $20,000. B. $40,000. C. $60,000. 15. What does the man think of college education? A. It costs less now. B. It isn’t necessary. C. It is meaningful. 16. What are the speakers talking about? A. What major to choose. B. Whether to go to college. C. How to pay for university. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What should people do to rent a Nice Ride bike? A. Show the ID card. B. Download an app. C. Get the membership card. 18. What encourage more people to choose biking? A. The short supply of gas. B. Concerns about the environment. C. The request of the government. 19. Which country has the largest bike-share program? A. Australia. B. The US. C. China. 20. How does the US Department of Transportation support cycling? A. Build on-street bike lanes. B. Provide thousands of bikes. C. Start bike-share programs. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A City Ticket for Weekend Travel on Metro-North If you're travelling on Metro-North Railroad within New York City on weekends，you can get a CityTicket. Price CityTickets cost $4.50 and are good for one-way travel that begins and ends within New York City as long as riders continue their trips in the same direction. On Metro-North，you can use a CityTicket for trips on Hudson or Harlem line trains between the Bronx and Manhattan. How to buy a City Ticket You can buy a CityTicket at a ticket office，a ticket machine，or on the Etix app on your phone. Not all stations have ticket windows open on weekends，but all stations have ticket machines. You cannot buy a City Ticket when you go aboard a train. ·CityTickets are available starting at 12：01 am on Saturdays through 11：59 pm on Sundays. ·They must be used on the day of purchase（购买）. ·You have an extra period that allows you to travel until 4 am on Sunday or Monday morning for tickets purchased on Saturdays or Sundays，respectively（分别地）. CityTicket limitations You can't use a CityTicket： ·For travel to or from Belmont Park Station which is only open during special events，or the FarRockaway Station because these trips travel through Nassau County. ·On New Haven Line trains between Manhattan and Fordham Station. ·CityTicket can be used for direct travel only. You cannot change direction at junction points. ·$10 is required for per refund（退款）. 1. Which trip can the CityTicket be used for? A. A one-way trip to Belmont Park Station. B. A trip from the Far Rockaway Station. C. A round trip within New York City. D. A trip from the Bronx to Manhattan. 2. Where can't you buy a CityTicket? A. At a subway station. B. From a ticket machine. C. On a mobile phone app. D. On the train you have taken. 3. When can you use a CityTicket bought on Saturday? A. At 2 am on Sunday. B. All through the week. C. Any time in the month. D. At 10 am on Friday. B Six years ago. something unforgettable happened. My wife, Liz, and I celebrated our 50th wedding anniversary that year. It was a lovely event hosted by our sons for us. Many wonderful friends from the past surprised us with presents and congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. We drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park. It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow remaining. The scenery was so impressive that we made numerous stops to record memories with my camera. At roughly the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the center of my camera lens. There were not many vehicles on the road. Occasionally, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, in rags, parked behind our car. As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife." I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude. The photo he took is one of the most cherished and prized of our trip. I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it. God judges us just by our heart, so we should never judge a man by his appearance. If the motorcycle driver reads this story and remembers the situation, we would like to say "thank you" to him. 4. According to the passage, the trip was ______ . A. a gift for their wedding anniversary B. a suggestion from their friends C. in late autumn six year ago D. taken by train to the west 5. Which of the following can conclude the passage? A. There is no best, only bette. B. Don't judge a book by its cover. C. Put yourself in others' shoes. D. A contented mind is an everlasting feast. 6. The author was nervous when the motorcyclist offered to take a picture because _______. A. the motorcyclist would break the camera B. he could have lost the camera with memories C. the motorcyclist might not be good at taking pictures D. his wife might not be satisfied with the view there 7. Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle? A. kind and straightforward B. cautious and admirable C. rich and skeptical D. creative and tolerant C Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are compounds (化合物) that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely. The desert in Arizona is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration (脱水) within three days unless he had one of Omar Yaghi's next-generation water harvesters, who is a chemist at University of California, Berkeley. Although daytime humidity (湿度) is only about 10 percent, this rises to 40 percent at night, which means there's enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be transformed into the liquid form. That's exactly what Yaghi's invention does. It's about the size of a small microwave oven, designed to suck water from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a MOF, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto the surface of its internal small holes. Warm it up and you can get the water, and each harvester produces one third of a cup of pure drinking water. “A device about the size of a washing machine could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,” says Yaghi. These crystalline (结晶的) groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surfaces. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases. MOFs work thanks to their distinctive structures. In fact, one MOF about the size of a sugar cube has so many small holes that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable, light and have many different uses: Their molecular structures can be varied to attract specific molecules. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to give what it's holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced for various applications. 8. Why is the desert in Arizona mentioned in the second paragraph? A. To introduce water harvesters. B. To stress the importance of water. C. To show the severity of its condition. D. To express the urgent need for water there. 9. What plays a vital role in water harvesters? A. Solar energy. B. Water molecules. C. Metal-organic frameworks. D. Internal small holes. 10. Which can explain the underlined phrase “cling to” in Paragraph 4? A. Refer to. B. Tend to. C. Hold on to. D. Turn into. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The introduction to the MOF technology. B. The future of the MOF technology. C. The improvement to the MOF technology. D. The functions of the MOF technology. D The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming. Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem — so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America’s bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course. For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings. Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate（散发）more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size. 12. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds? A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather. C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators. 13. What can we learn from the new study? A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade. B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year. C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight. D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings. 14. The passage most probably comes from? A. A news report B. An autobiography C. An academic article D. A nature magazine 15. What would probably the researchers further study? A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool. B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds. C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight. D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast? ____16____ Is it really that important? In a sense, it really matters. Energy restoration The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast” — the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies. ___17___ So, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense. Weight management There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. ___18___ In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight. Better brain function ____19____ Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the researchers says there is reasonable evidence that breakfast does improve concentration. What’s most important is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food cravings and consumption later in the day. However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier. ____20____ A. Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores. B. Weight-loss is likely to cause them health problems. C. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. D. Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something. E. Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight. F. Many people are recommended to manage their weight by skipping meals. G. It seems that this feast, for many of us, is necessary for our day to start well. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Making a family For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog. Whenever the ____21____ came up, Dad complained, “Dogs are a pain. I don’t want to be ____22____.” Despite his strong opposition, Mom brought home a puppy named Chip, a cute ball that ____23____ us all. For me, at age thirteen, Chip brought out my ____24____ side. I fed, brushed and walked him every day. I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us, we ____25____ the benefits. And this ____26____ stayed with me as I grew. At that time, Chip meant a loyal (忠诚的) companion, someone to ____27____ me at the door when I returned, and someone to kiss my face when I was sad. Chip even ____28____ Dad. It was nearly a month before Chip’s ____29____ personality won him over. Dad was the first to _____30_____ him to sit on the sofa. He even made chew toys for Chip to play with. Most _____31_____, Chip brought us together as a family. After dinner, instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before, we all _____32_____ Chip into the family room. We’d teach him new _____33_____ or perfect his old ones. We’d recall stories of the cute things he’d done that day. The key is that we’d do this together. People sometimes complain that dog lovers are _____34_____ humanity; rather, their pets stimulate the _____35_____ of their humanity. 21. A. topic B. news C. problem D. doubt 22. A. replaced B. destroyed C. bothered D. controlled 23. A. defeated B. challenged C. discouraged D. transformed 24. A. awkward B. responsible C. generous D. creative 25. A. harvest B. desire C. ignore D. realize 26. A. lesson B. habit C. custom D. routine 27. A. seek B. greet C. hide D. assist 28. A. feared B. softened C. admired D. strengthened 29. A. adorable B. strong C. aggressive D. naughty 30. A. persuade B. forbid C. allow D. order 31. A. necessarily B. exactly C. importantly D. entirely 32. A. drove B. dragged C. followed D. pushed 33. A. languages B. tricks C. subjects D. styles 34. A. satisfying B. inspiring C. changing D. abandoning 35. A. weakness B. theory C. darkness D. beauty 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines ____36____ (obey) certain rules, often written on red paper for appreciation. As ____37____ form of Chinese literature, the couplet varies in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ____38____ some convey best wishes for the coming year. Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ____39____ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ____40____ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ____41____ a similar way. It was said that the earliest couplet was written by Meng Xu, ____42____ was king of Houshu State, and it was ____43____ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ____44____ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars. The couplet has two lines of equal _____45_____ (long). However, the number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声). 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（15分）： 46. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校组织了一场安全讲座，请你就此写一则通知。内容包括： ①讲座的时间、地点； ②讲座的主要内容； ③其他注意事项。 注意：①词数80左右； ②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （25分）： 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Adam, Nick, and Tom were best friends. Five years after their graduation from college, Nick called Adam and Tom, inviting them to celebrate his birthday on his personal yacht (游艇). They got very excited. It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures of the sea journey, he saw Adam and Tom coming towards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles on every face, the three greeted each other in their usual way. “Thank you boys for coming and making my birthday even more special,” said Nick. “But before getting started, hope you both know there is a danger zone at a particular point on this sea, ” warned Adam. “Don’t worry. I will stay away from it. Now let the party begin!” Nick responded, starting to turn the steering wheel (方向盘) of the yacht. Treating the friends on the beautiful white yacht sailing on the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wonderful time, talking, eating and joking. How time flew! It started getting dark. “Hey guys! It’s time to go back,” Tom shouted. “Mr. Sailor, turn your ship’s wheel and take us back home,” said Adam. Little did they know they were going to encounter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknowingly, Nick crossed the danger zone Adam had mentioned earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided to make a turn immediately. Unfortunately, a strange noise came from the engine and then the yacht stopped. Expert at mending machines, Adam offered to examine the engine and asked Nick to fetch the tool box. Nick was hurrying to get it when he slipped, falling into the sea water. “Nick!” Tom and Adam screamed. Panicked, Nick started shouting for help. Tom rushed inside the yacht to get a life jacket to rescue Nick, but didn’t find one. Instead, he found a long rope and out he rushed with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, “Nick! Look, there’s a shark behind you!” __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What they had to do was restart the yacht. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 ACCAB 6-10 BABAB 11-15 ABABC 16-20 BCBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二年级英语学科增值性评价数据采集 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What drink will the man order? A. An apple juice. B. A tomato juice. C. A cold beer. 2. What do we know about Jack? A. He will work on the project. B. He is not tough enough. C. He has little patience. 3. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a subway station. B. At an airport. C. In a taxi. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Have a rest. B. Go to the movies. C. Visit Jeff with the man. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She couldn’t find Mr. Beringer. B. She was late for an interview. C. She failed to get a job. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to reserve? A. A business suite. B. Two double rooms. C. Three single rooms. 7. When will the man check in? A. On December 16th. B. On December 19th. C. On December 23rd. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where do the speakers prefer to go? A. Hawaii. B. Europe. C. The Bahamas. 9. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Check the travel fees. B. Call their friends. C. Book their flight. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the woman dislike about the play? A. The clothes. B. The acting. C. The set. 11. Who is the man’s old classmate? A. The actress. B. The director. C. The screenwriter. 12. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a play. B. In the middle of a play. C. At the end of a play. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Landon succeed in doing? A. Managing his own business. B. Completing a degree in Computer. C. Getting into a college. 14. How much does Jason’s school charge per year now? A. $20,000. B. $40,000. C. $60,000. 15. What does the man think of college education? A. It costs less now. B. It isn’t necessary. C. It is meaningful. 16. What are the speakers talking about? A. What major to choose. B. Whether to go to college. C. How to pay for university. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What should people do to rent a Nice Ride bike? A. Show the ID card. B. Download an app. C. Get the membership card. 18. What encourage more people to choose biking? A. The short supply of gas. B. Concerns about the environment. C. The request of the government. 19. Which country has the largest bike-share program? A. Australia. B. The US. C. China. 20. How does the US Department of Transportation support cycling? A. Build on-street bike lanes. B. Provide thousands of bikes. C. Start bike-share programs. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A City Ticket for Weekend Travel on Metro-North If you're travelling on Metro-North Railroad within New York City on weekends，you can get a CityTicket. Price CityTickets cost $4.50 and are good for one-way travel that begins and ends within New York City as long as riders continue their trips in the same direction. On Metro-North，you can use a CityTicket for trips on Hudson or Harlem line trains between the Bronx and Manhattan. How to buy a City Ticket You can buy a CityTicket at a ticket office，a ticket machine，or on the Etix app on your phone. Not all stations have ticket windows open on weekends，but all stations have ticket machines. You cannot buy a City Ticket when you go aboard a train. ·CityTickets are available starting at 12：01 am on Saturdays through 11：59 pm on Sundays. ·They must be used on the day of purchase（购买）. ·You have an extra period that allows you to travel until 4 am on Sunday or Monday morning for tickets purchased on Saturdays or Sundays，respectively（分别地）. CityTicket limitations You can't use a CityTicket： ·For travel to or from Belmont Park Station which is only open during special events，or the FarRockaway Station because these trips travel through Nassau County. ·On New Haven Line trains between Manhattan and Fordham Station. ·CityTicket can be used for direct travel only. You cannot change direction at junction points. ·$10 is required for per refund（退款）. 1. Which trip can the CityTicket be used for? A. A one-way trip to Belmont Park Station. B. A trip from the Far Rockaway Station. C. A round trip within New York City. D. A trip from the Bronx to Manhattan. 2. Where can't you buy a CityTicket? A. At a subway station. B. From a ticket machine. C. On a mobile phone app. D. On the train you have taken. 3. When can you use a CityTicket bought on Saturday? A. At 2 am on Sunday. B. All through the week. C. Any time in the month. D. At 10 am on Friday. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了周末乘坐地铁游览纽约可使用城市票，并对其进行了说明。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Price中“City Tickets cost $4.50 and are good for one-way travel that begins and ends within New York City as long as riders continue their trips in the same direction. On Metro-North，you can use a City Ticket for trips on Hudson or Harlem line trains between the Bronx and Manhattan.”（城市票的价格是4.5美元，适用于从纽约市开始和结束的单程旅行，只要乘客沿着同一方向继续旅行。在Metro-North，你可以使用城市票乘坐往返于布朗克斯和曼哈顿之间的哈德逊或哈莱姆线列车。）可知，城市票可以用于从布朗克斯到曼哈顿的路线。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to buy a City Ticket中“You cannot buy a City Ticket when you go aboard a train.”（当你乘坐火车时，你不能买城市票。）可知，不能在火车上购买城市票。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据How to buy a City Ticket 中“You have an extra period that allows you to travel until 4 am on Sunday or Monday morning for tickets purchased on Saturdays or Sundays，respectively（分别地）.”（如果你在周六或周日购买了机票，你可以在周日或周一凌晨4点之前旅行。）可推知，星期六买的城市票可以在周日凌晨2点使用。故选A项。 B Six years ago. something unforgettable happened. My wife, Liz, and I celebrated our 50th wedding anniversary that year. It was a lovely event hosted by our sons for us. Many wonderful friends from the past surprised us with presents and congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. We drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park. It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow remaining. The scenery was so impressive that we made numerous stops to record memories with my camera. At roughly the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the center of my camera lens. There were not many vehicles on the road. Occasionally, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, in rags, parked behind our car. As he approached us, his only words were, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife." I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could express our gratitude. The photo he took is one of the most cherished and prized of our trip. I learned my lesson somewhere I least expected it. God judges us just by our heart, so we should never judge a man by his appearance. If the motorcycle driver reads this story and remembers the situation, we would like to say "thank you" to him. 4. According to the passage, the trip was ______ . A. a gift for their wedding anniversary B. a suggestion from their friends C. in late autumn six year ago D. taken by train to the west 5. Which of the following can conclude the passage? A. There is no best, only bette. B. Don't judge a book by its cover. C. Put yourself in others' shoes. D. A contented mind is an everlasting feast. 6. The author was nervous when the motorcyclist offered to take a picture because _______. A. the motorcyclist would break the camera B. he could have lost the camera with memories C. the motorcyclist might not be good at taking pictures D. his wife might not be satisfied with the view there 7. Which of the following best describes the driver of the motorcycle? A. kind and straightforward B. cautious and admirable C. rich and skeptical D. creative and tolerant 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和妻子在一次作为结婚礼物的旅行中难忘的事，告诉我们不要以貌取人的道理。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段种的Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west.可知， 我们给对方的礼物是开车去西部旅行。以及文章整体描述来看，本文讲述的这次旅行是结婚纪念日的礼物。故选A项。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的God judges us just by our heart, so we should never judge a man by his appearance.可知， 神凭我们的心审判我们，所以我们决不可凭外貌审判人。这是本文要告诉我们的人生哲理，B选项“Don't judge a book by its cover.”表达的意思与主题契合。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories.可知， 我必须承认，我感到紧张，我们可能会被抢劫，我们只是创造了一些美好的回忆。由此可知，作者担心那个衣衫褴褛的人会抢走他的相机。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。从文中摩托车司机直接向作者要相机给他们拍照，并没有过多的言语，为作者和妻子创造了美好的回忆，由此推知，摩托车司机非常的善良而且直率。故选A项。 C Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are compounds (化合物) that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely. The desert in Arizona is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration (脱水) within three days unless he had one of Omar Yaghi's next-generation water harvesters, who is a chemist at University of California, Berkeley. Although daytime humidity (湿度) is only about 10 percent, this rises to 40 percent at night, which means there's enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be transformed into the liquid form. That's exactly what Yaghi's invention does. It's about the size of a small microwave oven, designed to suck water from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a MOF, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto the surface of its internal small holes. Warm it up and you can get the water, and each harvester produces one third of a cup of pure drinking water. “A device about the size of a washing machine could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,” says Yaghi. These crystalline (结晶的) groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surfaces. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases. MOFs work thanks to their distinctive structures. In fact, one MOF about the size of a sugar cube has so many small holes that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable, light and have many different uses: Their molecular structures can be varied to attract specific molecules. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to give what it's holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced for various applications. 8. Why is the desert in Arizona mentioned in the second paragraph? A. To introduce water harvesters. B. To stress the importance of water. C. To show the severity of its condition. D. To express the urgent need for water there. 9. What plays a vital role in water harvesters? A. Solar energy. B. Water molecules. C. Metal-organic frameworks. D. Internal small holes. 10. Which can explain the underlined phrase “cling to” in Paragraph 4? A. Refer to. B. Tend to. C. Hold on to. D. Turn into. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The introduction to the MOF technology. B. The future of the MOF technology. C. The improvement to the MOF technology. D. The functions of the MOF technology. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了金属-有机框架(MOFs)是一种化合物，旨在解决一些棘手的挑战：在沙漠中生产水，从空气中去除温室气体，以及更安全地储存危险气体。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The desert in Arizona is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration（脱水）within three days unless he had one of Omar Yaghi's next-generation water harvesters, who is a chemist at University of California, Berkeley.”（亚利桑那州的沙漠非常干燥。任何被困在沙漠里里没有水的人都会在三天内死于脱水，除非他有奥马尔·亚吉(Omar Yaghi)的下一代水收集器，他是加州大学伯克利分校的化学家。）可推知，第二段提到了亚利桑那州的沙漠是为了介绍水收集器。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“What makes it work is a special material called a MOF, which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules（分子）onto the surface of its internal small holes.”（使它起作用的是一种叫做MOF的特殊材料，它在常温下会把水分子吸引到内部小孔的表面上。）可知，一种成为有机框架(MOF)的特殊的材料，所以金属有机框架在水收集器中起着至关重要的作用。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段中“These crystalline（结晶的）groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surfaces.”（这些由有机分子连接的金属晶体群可以制成具有极高吸收能力的材料，吸引特定的分子到它们的表面。）由此可知，此处为通过这种方式，MOFs附着在各种液体和气体上。故可猜测划线短语cling to为“紧附，紧抓”的意思，结合选项C项Hold on to“抓住”意思一致。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）are compounds（化合物）that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.”（金属-有机框架(MOFs)是一种化合物，旨在解决一些棘手的挑战：在沙漠中生产水，从空气中去除温室气体，以及更安全地储存危险气体。）可知，文章的主旨是MOF技术的介绍。故选A项。 D The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming. Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem — so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change. In general, the news has not been good. For instance, a 2019 report by the National Audubon Society found that more than two-thirds of North America’s bird species will be in danger of extinction by 2100 if warming trends continue on their current course. For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019. During the study period, the average temperature in the region rose, while the amount of rainfall declined, making for a hotter, dryer climate overall. According to the report on November 12 in the journal Science Advances, 36 species have lost substantial weight, as much as 2 percent of their body weight per decade since 1980. Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings. Because of the study's long time series and large sample sizes, the authors were able to show the morphological（形态学的）effects of climate change on resident birds. However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool. In general, smaller animals have a larger rate of surface area to body size, so they dissipate（散发）more heat faster than a bigger animal. Less available food, such as fruit or insects, in dryer weather might lead to smaller body size. 12. Why are scientists fond of doing research on birds? A. They have small body sizes. B. They are sensitive to hot weather. C. They live in an undisturbed rainforest. D. They are ecological balance indicators. 13. What can we learn from the new study? A. A third of species have been extinct for a decade. B. 36 species lost 2%of their body weight every year. C. Two-thirds of species showed a considerable decrease in weight. D. About 26 species responded to climate change with longer wings. 14. The passage most probably comes from? A. A news report B. An autobiography C. An academic article D. A nature magazine 15. What would probably the researchers further study? A. Why it is easier for smaller animals to keep cool. B. What effects the wing length changes have on birds. C. Why the Amazonian birds have lost substantial weight. D. Whether bird species in North America will be extinct in 2100. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候变化如何影响亚马逊的留鸟及其进化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Birds are often considered sentinel（哨兵）species — meaning that they indicate the overall health of an ecosystem — so scientists are particularly interested in how they’re responding to climate change.”（鸟类通常被认为是哨兵物种，这意味着它们表明了生态系统的整体健康状况，因此科学家们对它们如何应对气候变化特别感兴趣。）可知，科学家喜欢研究鸟类是因为它们是生态平衡的指标。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“For the new study, researchers collected the biggest dataset so far on the Amazon’s resident birds, representing 77 non-migratory species and lasting the 40 years from 1979 to 2019.”（在这项新研究中，研究人员收集了迄今为止最大的亚马逊留鸟数据集，代表了77种非候鸟，从1979年到2019年持续了40年。）以及“Meanwhile, all the species showed some decrease in average body mass, while a third grew longer wings.”（同时，所有物种的平均体重都有所下降，而三分之一的物种的翅膀变长了。）可知，大约有26种物种用更长的翅膀来应对气候变化，计算方法是77×1/3≈26。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“The Amazon rainforest, is as undisturbed a place as most people can imagine, but even there, the effects of a changing climate are playing out. Now, research suggests that many of the region’s most sensitive bird species are starting to evolve in response to warming.”（亚马逊雨林，和大多数人想象的一样，是一个未受干扰的地方，但即使在那里，气候变化的影响正在显现。现在，研究表明，该地区许多最敏感的鸟类物种正开始进化以应对气候变暖。）可知，这篇文章是科教类文章，主要介绍了气候变化对鸟的影响。由此可推知，文章可能来自一篇学术文章。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, the researchers themselves are unsure and wonder what advantage the wing length changes give the birds, but suppose smaller birds may have an easier time keeping cool.”（然而，研究人员自己也不确定，他们想知道翅膀长度的变化给鸟类带来了什么好处，但假设体型较小的鸟类可能更容易保持凉爽。）可推知，研究者可能会进一步研究翅膀长度的变化对鸟类有什么影响。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast? ____16____ Is it really that important? In a sense, it really matters. Energy restoration The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast” — the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies. ___17___ So, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense. Weight management There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. ___18___ In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight. Better brain function ____19____ Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the researchers says there is reasonable evidence that breakfast does improve concentration. What’s most important is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food cravings and consumption later in the day. However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier. ____20____ A. Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores. B. Weight-loss is likely to cause them health problems. C. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. D. Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something. E. Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight. F. Many people are recommended to manage their weight by skipping meals. G. It seems that this feast, for many of us, is necessary for our day to start well. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了早餐的作用。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast?”（你是否听过有人说，“早餐是一天中最重要的一餐”，或者给你建议为什么以健康的早餐开始新的一天是至关重要的？）提出有人说早餐的重要性。结合选项G项It seems that this feast, for many of us, is necessary for our day to start well.（对于我们中的许多人来说，这场盛宴似乎是我们一天良好开始的必要条件。）承接上文内容，继续强调早餐的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies.”（在我们睡觉时进行的再生过程会消耗一些我们的天然食物储备来治愈我们的身体。）提出晚上睡觉会消耗身体中的食物储备。结合选项A项Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.（早餐帮助我们补充耗尽的储备。）承接上文，说明早餐可以补充消耗的储备，照应主题“Energy restoration”。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast.”（还有许多经常被引用的研究似乎将肥胖状态与不吃早餐联系起来。）提出关于肥胖与早餐的研究。结合选项E项Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.（因此，建议健康的早餐可以调节和减肥。）给出研究的结论：健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【19题详解】 第三段中介绍了健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥，设空句下文“Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language.”（早餐还能改善大脑功能，包括注意力和语言能力。）提出新的功能：改善大脑功能。结合选项C项Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.（研究发现，早餐影响的不仅仅是体重。）承上启下，句中“more than just weight”照应第三段内容。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier.”（然而，研究发现，对于哪种类型的早餐更健康，人们并没有一致的看法。）提出对于早餐类型没有确定的说法，结合选项D项Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.（早餐的种类并不重要，重要的是吃点东西。）承接上文，说明早餐类型并不重要，但是一定要吃早餐，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） Making a family For years, Dad had avoided getting a dog. Whenever the ____21____ came up, Dad complained, “Dogs are a pain. I don’t want to be ____22____.” Despite his strong opposition, Mom brought home a puppy named Chip, a cute ball that ____23____ us all. For me, at age thirteen, Chip brought out my ____24____ side. I fed, brushed and walked him every day. I also learned that when we take care of what is important to us, we ____25____ the benefits. And this ____26____ stayed with me as I grew. At that time, Chip meant a loyal (忠诚的) companion, someone to ____27____ me at the door when I returned, and someone to kiss my face when I was sad. Chip even ____28____ Dad. It was nearly a month before Chip’s ____29____ personality won him over. Dad was the first to _____30_____ him to sit on the sofa. He even made chew toys for Chip to play with. Most _____31_____, Chip brought us together as a family. After dinner, instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before, we all _____32_____ Chip into the family room. We’d teach him new _____33_____ or perfect his old ones. We’d recall stories of the cute things he’d done that day. The key is that we’d do this together. People sometimes complain that dog lovers are _____34_____ humanity; rather, their pets stimulate the _____35_____ of their humanity. 21. A. topic B. news C. problem D. doubt 22. A. replaced B. destroyed C. bothered D. controlled 23. A. defeated B. challenged C. discouraged D. transformed 24. A. awkward B. responsible C. generous D. creative 25. A. harvest B. desire C. ignore D. realize 26. A. lesson B. habit C. custom D. routine 27. A. seek B. greet C. hide D. assist 28. A. feared B. softened C. admired D. strengthened 29. A. adorable B. strong C. aggressive D. naughty 30. A. persuade B. forbid C. allow D. order 31. A. necessarily B. exactly C. importantly D. entirely 32. A. drove B. dragged C. followed D. pushed 33. A. languages B. tricks C. subjects D. styles 34. A. satisfying B. inspiring C. changing D. abandoning 35. A. weakness B. theory C. darkness D. beauty 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一只宠物狗影响了全家人，甚至使讨厌狗的父亲也喜欢上了这只小狗，使全家人更紧密团结。作者认为小动物可以激发人性中的美好。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当这个话题被提起，爸爸就抱怨道：“狗真烦人。我不想被打扰。”A. topic话题；B. news消息，新闻；C. problem难题；D. doubt怀疑。前面说父亲逃避养狗这个事情，所以家人说到养狗这个话题，父亲就抱怨，表示反对。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当这个话题被提起，爸爸就抱怨道：“狗真烦人。我不想被打扰。”A. replaced取代；B. destroyed毁灭，破坏；C. bothered打扰；D. controlled控制。父亲不喜欢狗，认为狗会打扰他的正常生活，很麻烦。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管爸爸强烈反对，妈妈还是带回了一只名叫奇普的小狗，一个改变了我们所有人的可爱的球。A. defeated打败，击败；B. challenged挑战；C. discouraged阻止，劝阻，使灰心；D. transformed改变。第二段讲我变得有责任心了；第三段讲父亲从讨厌狗变成喜欢小狗，允许狗坐在沙发上，还给他玩具玩；第三段讲，原来全家人晚饭后自己回到自己房间，不交流，现在大家一起和小狗玩耍，一起交流，加强了家庭凝聚力。总之，小狗改变了我们一家。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，在13岁的时候，奇普激发了我负责任的一面。A. awkward令人尴尬的；难对付的；局促不安的；B. responsible负责任的；C. generous慷慨的；D. creative创新的，有创造力的。下一句讲我每天负责喂小狗，给他洗澡，遛狗，由此推断，小狗使我变得有责任心了。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还了解到，当我们照顾对我们来说重要的事情时，我们会收获好处。A. harvest收获；B. desire渴望；C. ignore忽视，不理睬；D. realize意识到。我在养狗的过程中认识到，我们在照顾小狗的时候是在付出，但是同时也会受益，收获到利益。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个教训在我成长的过程中一直伴随着我。A. lesson课；教训；B. habit习惯；C. custom习俗；D. routine日常。上一句话讲的我认识到在付出的同时自己也会受益，这是我通过养狗学习到的一个教训，这个认知今后一直影响着我。lesson呼应上一句中的learned。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那个时候，Chip意味着一个忠诚的伙伴，一个在我回来时在门口迎接我的人，一个在我伤心时亲吻我脸的人。A. seek寻找，追求；B. greet问候，迎接；C. hide隐藏，藏起；D. assist协助，帮助。主人回到家，小狗应该是在门口迎接主人。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：奇普甚至软化了爸爸。A. feared恐惧，害怕；B. softened使变软，软化；使态度缓和；C. admired羡慕；欣赏；钦佩；D. strengthened加强，使强大。文章开头讲父亲特别讨厌狗，反对养狗，本段末讲爸爸是全家第一个允许小狗坐到沙发上，并且给他玩具玩。说明爸爸对小狗的态度转变了，变得柔和。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过了将近一个月，奇普可爱的性格才赢得了他的欢心。A. adorable可爱的，讨人喜欢的；B. strong强壮的，结实的；C. aggressive爱挑衅的，好逗的；D. naughty淘气的。上一段讲小狗在门口迎接主人归来，主人伤心时安慰主人，后面爸爸也喜欢上他，可知小狗是招人喜欢的。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸第一个让他坐在沙发上。A. persuade 说服；B. forbid禁止；C. allow允许；D. order命令；订货；点餐。会有养狗家庭不让狗进屋或上沙发上床，这里指父亲喜欢上小狗，后面还给他玩具玩耍，应该是允许小狗坐到沙发上，说明父亲也开始宠爱小狗。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，奇普让我们一家人团聚在一起。A. necessarily必要地；B. exactly精确的；确切的；C. importantly重要地；D. entirely完全地，彻底的。第二段和第三段讲了小狗的优点，让每个人都有所改变，该空后讲小狗使我们全家有了共同话题，有了更多在一起交流沟通的时间，这更重要。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚饭后，我们没有像以前那样躲进卧室，而是跟着奇普走进了家庭娱乐室。A. drove开车，驾驶；驱使；B. dragged拉拽；C. followed跟随；效仿；遵照；D. pushed推。以前晚饭后大家各自回房间，现在大家都跟着小狗进入同一个房间，一起和他玩耍，教他游戏，在一起聊关于小狗的话题。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们会教他新把戏或者完善他的旧把戏。A. languages语言；B. tricks技巧；把戏，花招；C. subjects 科目；D. styles风格。根据前面teach可知，我们教给小狗一些玩耍的花样。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们有时抱怨爱狗人士正在抛弃人性；相反，他们的宠物激发了他们人性的美。A. satisfying满足，使满意；B. inspiring激励；启发；C. changing改变；D. abandoning抛弃，放弃。有些人认为爱狗人士把狗当成人是在抱怨这些人放弃人性，人狗不分。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们有时抱怨爱狗人士正在抛弃人性;相反，他们的宠物激发了他们人性的美。A. weakness弱点；B. theory理论；C. darkness黑暗；D. beauty美。有人抱怨爱狗人士宠爱狗就像爱孩子一样，人狗不分，是在放弃人性。而我认为，恰是这些动物激发了人类内在的人性之美。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese couplet (对联) refers to two poetic lines ____36____ (obey) certain rules, often written on red paper for appreciation. As ____37____ form of Chinese literature, the couplet varies in content and style. Some express people’s love to their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ____38____ some convey best wishes for the coming year. Chinese couplets originated in the Five Dynasties, and ____39____ (become) ubiquitous (无处不在) in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was a custom for people ____40____ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. Nowadays, couplets are used ____41____ a similar way. It was said that the earliest couplet was written by Meng Xu, ____42____ was king of Houshu State, and it was ____43____ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ____44____ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars. The couplet has two lines of equal _____45_____ (long). However, the number of characters in each line can be from four to seven or more. The first and the second lines have opposite tone patterns. The last character of the first line is of an oblique tone (仄声), and its opposite in the second line, of a level tone (平声). 【答案】36. obeying 37. a 38. and 39. became 40. to hang 41. in 42. who 43. extremely 44. has been regarded 45. length 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国对联的形式，表达意义和起源等信息。 【36题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：中国的对联是指遵循一定规则的两行诗，通常写在红纸上供欣赏。空处为非谓语动词，lines与obey为逻辑主动关系， obey用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填obeying。 【37题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：作为中国文学的一种形式，对联的内容和风格各不相同。表示泛指一种形式，用不定冠词，form首字母的发音为辅音音素，不定冠词为a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：有的表达了人们对祖国的爱，有的描述了自然的美丽，还有的表达了对来年的美好祝愿。分析可知，三个句子是并列的关系，后面两个句子应用表并列的并列连词and连接，故填and。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国的对联起源于五代，在明清时期变得普遍。设空处为谓语动词，根据上半句和上下文语境可知，谓语动词become应用一般过去时，故填became。 【40题详解】 考查不定式。句意：人们在春节期间挂桃木符咒来驱魔是一种习俗。分析可知，本句的it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，hang用不定式形式，故填to hang。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：如今，人们也用类似的方式来使用对联。表示使用某种方式，一般用介词in，故填in。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：据说，世界上最早的对联是后蜀国皇帝孟昶写的，在北宋时期非常流行。先行词为Meng Xu，指人，关系词替代先行词作非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为who，故填who。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。设空处修饰形容词popular作状语，应用副词extremely，故填extremely。 【44题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：自明代起，写对联就被视为士人生活修养的标志。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语Since the Ming Dynasty可知应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是不定式to write couplets，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has been regarded。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：对联两边字数相等。of后接名词length，作宾语。故填length。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（15分）： 46. 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你校组织了一场安全讲座，请你就此写一则通知。内容包括： ①讲座的时间、地点； ②讲座的主要内容； ③其他注意事项。 注意：①词数80左右； ②可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】NOTICE A safety lecture will be held in the school hall at 3:30 this Friday afternoon and it will last two hours. Everyone is welcome to attend the lecture. The lecture is believed to be meaningful and practical because you will get to know potential safety problems and how to avoid them. Besides, you will get the chance to learn first aid skills for emergencies. During the lecture, you will be encouraged and instructed to practise some of these skills. If you are interested in the lecture, please enter the school hall ahead of time and keep quiet during the lecture. The Students' Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为某国际学校的学生会主席，你校组织了一场安全讲座这一情况，就此写一则通知。 【详解】1.词汇积累 有意义的：meaningful→ significant 此外：Besides→ What’s more 机会：chance→ opportunity 对……感兴趣：be interested in→ be keen to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：A safety lecture will be held in the school hall at 3:30 this Friday afternoon and it will last two hours. 拓展句：A safety lecture will be held in the school hall at 3:30 this Friday afternoon, which will last two hours. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The lecture is believed to be meaningful and practical because you will get to know potential safety problems and how to avoid them.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】If you are interested in the lecture, please enter the school hall ahead of time and keep quiet during the lecture.（运用了If引导的条件状语从句） 第二节 （25分）： 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Adam, Nick, and Tom were best friends. Five years after their graduation from college, Nick called Adam and Tom, inviting them to celebrate his birthday on his personal yacht (游艇). They got very excited. It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures of the sea journey, he saw Adam and Tom coming towards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles on every face, the three greeted each other in their usual way. “Thank you boys for coming and making my birthday even more special,” said Nick. “But before getting started, hope you both know there is a danger zone at a particular point on this sea, ” warned Adam. “Don’t worry. I will stay away from it. Now let the party begin!” Nick responded, starting to turn the steering wheel (方向盘) of the yacht. Treating the friends on the beautiful white yacht sailing on the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wonderful time, talking, eating and joking. How time flew! It started getting dark. “Hey guys! It’s time to go back,” Tom shouted. “Mr. Sailor, turn your ship’s wheel and take us back home,” said Adam. Little did they know they were going to encounter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknowingly, Nick crossed the danger zone Adam had mentioned earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided to make a turn immediately. Unfortunately, a strange noise came from the engine and then the yacht stopped. Expert at mending machines, Adam offered to examine the engine and asked Nick to fetch the tool box. Nick was hurrying to get it when he slipped, falling into the sea water. “Nick!” Tom and Adam screamed. Panicked, Nick started shouting for help. Tom rushed inside the yacht to get a life jacket to rescue Nick, but didn’t find one. Instead, he found a long rope and out he rushed with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, “Nick! Look, there’s a shark behind you!” __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What they had to do was restart the yacht. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just then Adam shouted on top of his voice, “Nick! Look, there’s a shark behind you!” Turning his head, Nick was shocked to find a black figure approaching him. Helpless and frightened, Nick swam towards the yacht like crazy. Tom quickly threw the rope down at Nick, who succeeded in grasping it. With all their strength, Tom and Adam pulled Nick up from the water before the shark could swallow him. But the hungry animal didn’t give up, swimming around the yacht for its dinner. Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must do something to escape from the danger. What they had to do was restart the yacht. Though wet through, Nick fetched the tool box in no time. With the tools Adam carefully examined the engine, found out the exact cause of its failure and managed to get the engine working. Its wonderful sound had everyone on board burst into cheers. With Nick turning the steering wheel, the yacht left the danger zone at full speed, leaving the lonely shark far behind. The young guys waved happily at it, heading straight back. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了亚当、尼克和汤姆是最好的朋友。尼克大学毕业五年后，他打电话给亚当和汤姆，邀请他们在他的私人游艇上庆祝他的生日。他们非常兴奋。结果他们不知不觉来到了海上的危险区域，引擎发出一种奇怪的声音，游艇停了下来。亚当是修理机器的专家，他主动提出检查引擎，并让尼克去取工具箱。尼克正急急忙忙去拿，突然滑倒，掉进了海水里。尼克惊慌失措，开始大喊救命。汤姆冲进游艇去拿救生衣去救尼克，但是没有找到。相反，他找到了一根长长的绳子，带着它冲了出去。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在这时，亚当大声喊道:“尼克!看，你后面有条鲨鱼!”所以后文应该是讲述尼克遭遇鲨鱼后的反应，以及如何在汤姆和亚当的帮助下脱险的过程；第二段开头是：他们要做的就是重新启动游艇。本段应该写亚当找出了故障原因，让发动机转动起来了，他们最后安全离开了。 续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：approach, succeed in, at full speed等高级词汇；Tom quickly threw the rope down at Nick, who succeeded in grasping it.运用了非限制性定语从句；Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must do something to escape from the danger.运用了让步状语从句等高级句式。 听力答案：1-5 ACCAB 6-10 BABAB 11-15 ABABC 16-20 BCBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $