课时作业2（word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

课时作业(二)　语言运用专项 Ⅰ.完形填空 In 1896, 17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics.There he met Marits, a girl from Hungary.They studied in the same class and the same interest in physics brought the two together and they became good 　1　.Before long, they fell in love with each other.In 1903, when Einstein was 24, he 　2　 Marits, who was four years older than him.　3　 their marriage, Einstein 　4　 himself to the research of the great theory of relativity.To give her husband more help, Marits gave 　5　 her own work, and became a good wife and 　6　.She tried her best to encourage him 　7　 possible.She was sure that her husband would succeed.They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room.They 　8　 did that in their letters when one of them was 　9　 from home. In 1914, the Einsteins moved to Berlin and 　10　 down there.At that time, Einstein's theory 　11　 to be correct and he became famous all over the world. Marits was very 　12　 her husband with his success.But it was not long 　13　 the First World War 　14　.Marits as well as her two sons, who were 　15　 holiday in Switzerland, couldn't come back to Berlin any longer.The war not only stopped Einstein's work but also broke up the warm, happy family.In 1919, Einstein and Marits had to get divorced. 1．A.pairs B．couples C．friends D．classmates 2．A.evaluated B．defeated C．married D．blamed 3．A.Since B．For C．With D．After 4．A.gave B．offered C．committed D．devoted 5．A.off B．out C．up D．in 6．A.novelist B．mother C．friend D．assistant 7．A.whatever B．whenever C．however D．wherever 8．A.even B．never C．seldom D．sometimes 9．A.beyond B．off C．out D．away 10．A.put B．settled C．took D．sat 11．A.seemed B．appeared C．proved D．looked 12．A.proud of B．praised for C．pleased with D．worried about 13．A.when B．before C．since D．as 14．A.figured out B．worked out C．turned out D．broke out 15．A.in B．at C．on D．for 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。本文为记叙文，介绍了爱因斯坦与妻子的相识、相知及妻子对他在学术上的帮助。 1．答案　C 解析　根据空前部分句意“……对于在物理方面同样的兴趣使得他们两个人走到一起”以及下文“不久，他们相爱了”可知，这里是指他们成为好朋友。 2．答案　C 解析　根据下文的marriage可知，此处指爱因斯坦娶了玛丽兹。 3．答案　D 解析　根据语境可知，他们结婚以后，爱因斯坦投身于相对论的研究。 4．答案　D 解析　devote oneself to sth致力于某事，为固定搭配。 5．答案　C 解析　为了给丈夫提供更多的帮助，玛丽兹放弃(give up)了自己的工作。give off发出(光和热等)；give out发出，分发；give in屈服。 6．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的…her husband more help及下文可知，此处指玛丽兹成为爱因斯坦的贤妻和助手(assistant)。 7．答案　B 解析　根据句意“不管什么时候，只要有可能，玛丽兹都尽力去鼓励他”可知，whenever符合语境。 8．答案　A 解析　根据上文可知，他们总是一起讨论问题。此处用even表示程度进一步加深，即“他们甚至在信中也讨论问题”。 9．答案　D 解析　根据上文中的in their letters可知，此处是说他们其中一个不在家的时候。 be away from home不在家，符合语境。 10．答案　B 解析　根据空前的moved to Berlin可知，爱因斯坦一家在柏林定居。 settle down定居。 11．答案　C 解析　根据空后的to be correct和he became famous all over the world可推知，爱因斯坦的理论被证明(prove)是正确的。 12．答案　A 解析　根据上下文来看，玛丽兹为丈夫的成功感到自豪。be proud of 以……自豪；be praised for 因……而受到赞美；be pleased with 对……感到高兴；be worried about 对……担忧，故选A项。 13．答案　B 解析　It was not long before…意为“不久就……”，为固定句式。 14．答案　D 解析　不久就爆发了第一次世界大战。figure out想出；work out算出，锻炼；turn out结果是；break out爆发，故选D项。 15．答案　C 解析　他们母子三人在瑞士度假。be on holiday在度假。 Ⅱ.语法填空 In the office of remote sensing scientist Liu Shaochuang, there is 1. huge photograph of a camel he took a decade ago in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Wearing camouflage(伪装), he lay for hours by a pool of water in the Gobi Desert 2. (obtain) the image.Living in the harsh deserts in northwestern China and southwestern Mongolia, the even-toed camel is listed as 3. (serious) endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.Experts evaluate that the population of this species is currently less than 1,000, of 4. around 650 are in China. Since 2012, Liu 5. (lead) a team in tracking and studying wild camels 6. (use) satellite remote sensing technology.7. zoologists who focus on species, Liu has instead studied the interrelationship between endangered animals and their environment, which he believes will help develop a few better protection 8. (strategy) in the face of climate change.In the run-up to World Wildlife Day on March 3, Liu's research was held up as a successful example of 9. advanced space technology can benefit animal protection efforts on Earth. Liu works at the Aerospace Information Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.His studies have covered many fields, including polar region 10. (science) expeditions and mapping the headwaters of great rivers across the globe. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。本文为记叙文，讲述了遥感科学家刘少创利用卫星遥感技术跟踪和研究野生骆驼的经历，以及他的研究领域和取得的成就。 1．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。句意：在遥感科学家刘少创的办公室里，有一张他十年前在新疆维吾尔自治区拍摄的骆驼的巨幅照片。空处表示泛指，意为“一张，一幅”，应用不定冠词，且huge的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．答案 to obtain 解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：他穿着迷彩服，在戈壁沙漠的一个水池旁躺了数小时，以获得这张照片。句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了”，应用不定式形式。 3．答案 seriously 解析 考查词性转换。句意：生活在中国西北部和蒙古西南部恶劣的沙漠中，齐趾骆驼被国际自然保护联盟列为极度濒危动物。空处作状语修饰endangered，应用副词seriously，意为“严重地，极大程度上”。 4．答案 which 解析 考查引导词。句意：专家估计，目前该物种的数量不到1 000头，其中约650头在中国。空处和空前的of构成“介词＋关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词1,000作补充说明，先行词指物，应用关系代词which。 5．答案 has led/has been leading 解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2012年以来，刘带领一个团队利用卫星遥感技术跟踪和研究野生骆驼。空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为Since 2012，动作从过去开始发生，可以用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响，也可以用现在完成进行时表示动作会继续进行下去，主语Liu为单数，故填has led/has been leading。 6．答案 using 解析 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，且空处与谓语之间无连词，空处应用非谓语形式；此处主语Liu与use为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用use的现在分词形式。 7．答案 Unlike 解析 考查介词。句意：与关注物种的动物学家不同，刘研究的是濒危动物与环境之间的相互关系，他认为这将有助于在气候变化面前制定一些更好的保护策略。下文说明刘关注的是濒危动物与环境之间的相互关系，因此这与关注物种的动物学家不同，空处应用意为“不同于，不像”的介词unlike，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。 8．答案 strategies 解析 考查名词的数。根据a few可知，此处指一些更好的保护策略，空处应用strategy的复数形式。 9．答案 how 解析 考查引导词。句意：在3月3日世界野生动物日前夕，刘的研究被视为先进空间技术如何有益于地球上动物保护工作的成功范例。空处引导名词性从句作of的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“怎样，如何”，应用连接副词how作引导词。 10．答案 scientific 解析　考查词性转换。句意：他的研究涵盖了许多领域，包括极地科学考察和绘制全球大河源头图。空处作定语修饰expeditions，应用形容词scientific，意为“科学的”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$