精品解析：山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（B）

保密★启用前 2023—2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语试题（B） 2024.4 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前。考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂置：非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much should the man pay? A. $5 B. $8 C. $10 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Changing the date. B. Choosing a hotel. C. Booking a room. 3. What’s the weather like? A Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny 4. What will the speakers do after working out? A. Have ice cream. B. Buy a swimsuit. C. Drink coffee. 5 What are the speakers probably doing? A. Playing with children. B. Walking in the street. C. Filming a movie. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍. 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6 How does the man feel about the program? A. It isn’t worth watching. B. It isn’t that bad. C. It is fantastic. 7. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a meeting. C. Stay at home. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the real purpose of the survey? A. To do a market research. B. To introduce a new product. C. To ask people to apply for credit cards. 9. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Pay for his shopping. B. Sign a form. C. Fill out a form. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What kind of ticket did the woman get? A. A single ticket. B. A return ticket. C. A season ticket. 11 How did the woman get the ticket today? A. From the Internet. B. From the ticket machine. C. From the ticket office. 12. What is the woman most pleased with about the station? A. The Wi-Fi. B. The cafe. C. The information board. 13. What does the woman think is a disadvantage of the station? A. The waiting hall is small. B. The parking is expensive. C. The seats are old. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Diet On The Move start? A. In 1919. B. In 1990. C. In 1999. 15. How many diet plans are there in the program? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five 16. Which diet plan will the woman introduce to her brother? A. Balance. B. Keto Carb C. Vegetarian 17. What can we know about Diet On The Move? A The meals are affordable. B. Orders can’t be canceled. C There are few on-site places. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When does the castle close in January? A. At 4:00 pm. B. At 5:00 pm. C. At 6:00 pm. 19. What can visitors learn from the brochure? A. The cost of the tickets. B. The history of the castle. C. The arrangement of activities. 20. What do most visitors like to do in the castle? A. Have a picnic. B. Visit the museum. C. Walk around the walls. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项. A Breakthrough Junior Challenge For students looking for a more creatively inspired and nontraditional competition, the Breakthrough Junior Challenge tasks students with creating a short video in which they explain a complex scientific idea. Rules •Students between the ages of 13 and 18 can participate. •Your video must be two minutes or under. One participant is required to submit (提交) only one entry. •Entries are limited to individuals only. Previous award holders are not allowed to participate •Go to breakthrough junior challenge org to submit your application and video before June 25. Judging Participants also play an important role in the judging process. You must score at least five videos submitted by other participants. After that , the seventy-five top-scoring videos from the process will be reviewed by the Evaluation Panel (评审团) made up of top-class scholars and science leaders. Each of these videos will receive at least an additional five review s from the Evaluation Panel members. Lastly, the Selection Committee will review and score the top group of finalists determined by the Evaluation Panel and select five entries for final consideration. Besides, the competition invites Internet users to participate in its judging process. The top-scoring video in the Popular Vote will be added to this group for the final review. Prizes The total value of the prizes is $400,000. The winner will receive a $250,000 scholarship (奖学金) to leading universities, as well as a $100,000 grant to the winner’s school for the development of a science lab and a $50,000 award to a teacher of the winner’s choice 1. Which of the following students can compete in the challenge? A. A 19-year-old science lover. B. The winner of last year. C. A team of high schoolers. D. A first-am e participant aged 15. 2. What can we infer about the judging process? A. Participants’ opinions are valued most B. Both public and expert views are considered. C. Five entries are chosen for the final review. D. Experts’ scoring is involved in every round. 3. How much will the winner receive? A. $400,000 B. $250,000 C. $100,000 D. $50,000 B I had always struggled with my body weight since my childhood. Though I was the one who wore a women’s size 16 dress. I had never been teased or bullied (欺凌) in my school thanks to the help of my best friends. After I started to work, I decided to join the gym with my colleague. At the gym, I stepped on the scale to weigh myself. and when 170 pounds hit on the scale, it was the most terrifying moment. I thought after a few months of going to the gym and doing rigorous (严格的) works I would come down to 150 pounds. However, owing to the work stress and lack of time. I had to drop out of my journey. In 2015, I went to a gym again and began my weight loss journey — one that lasted for 12 months and concluded with me losing 20 more pounds so that I could be a bridesmaid (伴娘) of my best friend. I could hit 130 pounds on the scale. Sure I lost some pounds in the journey, however, when I again went to my old habits. I regained all the weight that I had lost. The day I reached my weight back to 150 pounds thanks to all the pizzas, sodas and junk foods. I was set on fire with motivation to change my life. Just as I’d done for the past few years. I again started to go back to the gym this time with determination and healthier eating. A little over a year after I’d started. I stepped on the same scale I’d first weighed myself on. I hit 110 pounds on the scale. It was the most transformative experience of my life — and not simply in the ways one might expect. Even now, when I feel my confidence flagging (衰落) or self-doubt creeping in, I think back to having successfully finished that, and I can draw strength. 4. Why did the author stop going to the gym for the first time? A. She was already satisfied with her weight. B. She had to devote her time to her work. C She didn’t experience any weight loss. D. She was laughed at by others. 5. What problem did the author face after managing to lose some weight? A. She lost confidence in herself B. She became too busy to work out. C. She developed some new bad habits. D. She had difficulty keeping weight off. 6. What can we learn about the author after her weight loss experience? A. She could be at self-doubt. B. She expected to help others. C. She lost interest in going to the gym. D. She cared more about her appearance. 7. What message does the author’s story want to tell us? A. It’s important to live a full life. B. We should always focus on our weight. C. We should try our best to change our life. D. It requires determination to keep a healthy lifestyle. C Since the pandemic (流行病) hit, we’re on video calls more than ever before, and many are finding it extremely tiring. Being on a video call requires more focus than a face-to-face chat, says Gianpiero Petriglien, an associate professor at Insead. Video chats mean we need to work harder to process facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, and body language: paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy. “Our minds are together when our bodies feel we’re not. That causes people to have conflicting (互相冲突) feelings, and i: is exhausting You cannot relax into the conversation naturally.” he says. “Silence is another challenge.” he adds. “Silence creates a natural rhythm in a real-life conversation. However, when it happens in a video call, you become anxious about the technology.” It also makes people uncomfortable. One 2014 study by German Scholars showed that delays (延迟) on phone or conferencing systems shaped our unpleasant views of people: even delays of 1.2 seconds made people regard the responder as less friendly or focused. An added factor, says Marissa Shulffer, an associate professor at Clemson University, is that if we are physically on camera, we are very aware of being watched. “When you’re on a video conference, you knew everybody’s looking at you; you are on stage, so there comes the social pressure and feeling like you need to perform. Being performative is nerve-wracking.” It’s also very hard for people not to look at their own face if they can see it on screen, or not to be conscious (有意识的) of how they behave in front of the camera. Both experts suggest limiting video calls to those that are necessary. Turning on the camera should be optional and is general there should be more understanding that cameras do not always have to be on throughout teach meeting. Having your screen off to the side, instead of straight ahead, could also help your concentration, particularly in group meetings, says Petriglien. It makes you feel like you’re in a next-door room, so you may be less bring. 8. What does Gianpiero Petriglien think of video calls? A. They need more concentration. B. They go on more naturally. C. They are more relaxing. D. They take longer time. 9. What makes people uncomfortable according to the 2014 study? A. Facial expressions. B. Occasional silence. C. Processing body language D. Not receiving a timely reply 10. What does the underlined word “nerve-wracking” in Paragraph 4mean? A. Causing excitement. B. Causing disappointment. C. Making one feel nervous. D. Making one feel surprised. 11. What’s the text mainly about? A. The convenience of video chats. B. Why video chats are so exhausting. C. The development of mobile phones. D. What technological development brings D Lake Victoria is best known to the general public following the introduction of the 2004 documentary Darwin’s Nightmare, which focuses on the environmental and social effects of the Nile perch (河鲈) fishing industry. The Nile perch is the largest freshwater fish, which can grow up to two metres long and weigh 200kg. Its introduction into Lake Victoria in the 1950s and its rapid population growth in the 1960s gradually wiped out the native fish species living in the lake, causing a major ecological disaster. Today, the Nile perch population can be found everywhere but has reduced slightly due to overfishing, allowing some species to partially recover. What is less well known, and perhaps interacting with the presence of the Nile perch, but equally damaging to the ecosystem, is the general water quality of the lake. “This declined sharply between the 1960s and the 1990s due to eutrophication (富营养化), which is caused by increased inputs of nutrients (营养物) into the water bodies as a result of increased human activities in the catchment area.” explains Alberto Borges, FNRS Research Director at the Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography from the University of Liege. From 2018 to 2019, a research team led by Alberto Borges, studied the biomass (生物量) and composition of phytoplankton (浮游植物) as well as the nutrient status of the lake during three scientific missions. This study shows that the phytoplankton camass has decreased by about seven times compared to the 1990s.” says the researchers. “and that the species composition has also changed in a subtle way.” What seems to be good news for the environment of Lake Victoria may only be on the surface. “This means that the current improvement in water quality in Lake Victoria may only be temporary and that conditions could become worse again in the future due to continued climate warming.” says Alberto Borges. 12. Why was the documentary Darwin’s Nightmare made in 2004? A. To honor Darwin’s great contributions. B. To make Lake Victoria known to the world. C. To record the serious pollution in Lake Victoria. D. To show how the Nile perch fishing industry affected Lake Victoria. 13. What do we know about the introduction of Nile perch into Lake Victoria? A. It was disastrous to Lake Victoria. B. It helped control other species in Lake Victoria. C. It benefited the fishermen a lot in Lake Victoria area. D. It greatly improved the water quality in Lake Victoria. 14. What mainly makes eutrophication in Lake Victoria happen? A. The fishing industry. B. The decreased number of fish. C. The decrease of phytoplankton. D. More and more inputs of nutrients. 15. What’s Alberto Borges’ attitude to the future of Lake Victoria? A. Hopeful. B. Deeply concerned. C. Indifferent D. Cautiously optimistic 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Happiness is a state of mind. When you learn to observe your thoughts and emotions (情感), you can nurture a joyful life and think more positively. After all, everyone has the potential to feel happy. ____16____ Keep a thought diary Write down thoughts as they come up throughout the day. When you’ve finished, go back and read your thought diary out loud. Can you identify negative(消极的) self-talk that might hold you back from feeling joyful? When these situations arise in the future, step back for a moment. Think about why you think this way and what happened the last time you were in this situation. ____17____ Control the monkey mind with meditation (冥想) Is your mind full of questions like “What do I really want to do with my life?” “Am I happy?” “Did I remember to lock the door?” ____18____ If you want to develop a happy, peaceful mind, you must make friends with them. Train your monkeys and give them a job to do, like watching your breath, repeating a phrase, or simply observing the present moment. These meditation practices train your mind and help calm the monkeys. Respond vs react ____19____ Even so-called negative emotions, like anger, sadness, or fear, have their function. After all, a healthy fear of heights keeps you from falling off a cliff (悬崖)! The trick is to not allow your emotions to overcome you. ____20____ When you react, the unconscious mind takes over. You may take action without thinking, and do something you regret. Response means taking a step back and observing your emotions. A. What kinds of thinking habits do you usually have? B. Learn to respond to your emotions, rather than react. C. Following these practices, you’ll think more positively and be happy. D. Sometimes that voice in your head behaves like a bunch of monkeys. E. You can start by understanding what causes negative thought patterns. F. People cannot block thoughts and emotions because they are necessary. G. Perhaps you can even come up with other good opinions on the situation. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small town near the South Dakota border. There was no Internet, and the television signals coming from Minneapolis were ____21____ received. It would have been a(n) ____22____ childhood if it were not for one of the most memorable characters of my life and the small library. Miss Grove, the ____23____, was a “queen” and the library was her “realm (领域)”. She ____24____ no loud behavior in her library She was serious and ____25____, just sitting at the top of her staircase. “Reading is the way the soul breathes” was one of the few sentences she ever said. Other than that, she seldom broke the ____26____ in her library. My most ____27____ memory of Miss Grove was the time when I forgot to ____28____ an overdue (逾期的) book. When I finally put it on her desk, she informed me that I had to ____29____ the library thirty-three cents. “I forgot,” I replied. She gave me a reprieve (延缓) and said I could keep my library card ____30____ I paid her in installments (分期付) of three cents a week. I left the library immediately to ____31____ empty pop bottles in trash cans to earn money. A few weeks later, when I ____32____ several pennies on her desk, she said, “Dennis, you’re still 15 cents short but I think you’ve learned the ____33____.” She slipped me the pennies I had just given her and said, “You can keep these.” Miss Grove was a small-town character, but she played a ____34____ role in helping children fall in love with reading, especially those with ____35____ reading resources in the town, just like me. 21. A. heavily B. hardly C. freely D. clearly 22. A. carefree B. interesting C. normal D. lonely 23. A. neighbour B. headmaster C. librarian D. teacher 24. A. allowed B. showed C. hated D. changed 25. A. capable B. humorous C. interesting D. frightening 26. A. silence B. connection C. system D. power 27. A. important B. pleasant C. common D. boring 28. A. read B. describe C. deliver D. return 29. A. borrow B. lend C. pay D. show 30. A. so long as B. even though C. as far as D. in case 31. A. deal with B. take out C. search for D. bring about 32. A. gathered B. placed C. observed D. discovered 33. A. strategy B. truth C. principle D. lesson 34. A. crucial B. passive C. traditional D. political 35. A. precious B. useful C. limited D. specific 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A message in a bottle that travelled more than 3,200 km across the Atlantic Ocean has received a response—three years ____36____ beginning its wonderful journey. Sean Smith, who is now 16, ____37____ (send) out the message while on holiday in Rhode Island on Thanksgiving in 2018. He put a note in a bottle ____38____ read, “It is Thanksgiving. I am 13 and ____39____ (visit) my relatives in Rhode Island. I am from Vermont. If you find this bottle, email me ...” Fast-forward to 2021, and ____40____ message was discovered by Christian Santos, a 17-year-old boy living in Portugal’s Azores Islands. He always picks up trash floating on the water in an attempt ____41____ (protect) the environment. After finding the bottle, he decided to follow the ____42____ (instruction) in the bottle. Christian’s email nearly fell on deaf ears because Sean had forgotten that he had sent out the message as a child, and couldn’t remember the password to his email account. ____43____ (thankful), the story didn’t end there. Christian’s mother posted her son’s ____44____ (discover) on the Internet. Soon, Sean saw the post and got in touch with Christian. “It’s cool that somebody found it so far away and we were actually able to get in touch,” said Sean. They _____45_____ (become) good friends ever since and the friendship is well worth the wait. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，明天你班英语课上将就“未来学校”这一话题展开讨论。请你写一篇发言稿，参加讨论，内容包括： 1.简要介绍你想象中的未来学校； 2.可能存在的利弊； 3.你的观点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was right after Thanksgiving that registered nurse Jennifer Smith got an early morning phone call from John Burley, one of her favorite patients. He was extremely worried about his beloved dog. Smith came to work early the Monday after Thanksgiving. Burley, who struggles a bit with speech, was calling from his hospital room, “Boomer is in the pound (流浪狗收容所)! Boomer is in the pound! Boomer is my world.” Smith, who has been a nurse for 12 years, has a 13-year-old dog herself she has had since a puppy, so she fully understood the panic. She told Burley that she could tell he was concerned and also scared about what would happen to Boomer. Burley took a breath and asked Smith, “Will you take care of Boomer?” “Of course, John, I will find Boomer and take care of him for you,” Jennifer Smith became a nurse to help people: any way that she can help somebody. Smith had met Burley at the Grand Rehabilitation (康复) and Nursing Center in Rome, New York, through its adult day health care program, which is for patients requiring supervision (监护), and which allows them to socialize with others while receiving medical care. 60-year-old Burley still had his own apartment where he lived alone with his dog Boomer. Burley had adopted the 12-year-old dog in Arkansas when he was a puppy and later moved to New York. Most of his family still lives in Arkansas, so when he was hospitalized for pneumonia (肺炎) and lung problems, he had no one to take care of Boomer. No one—except Smith. Smith formed a friendship with Burley in the adult daycare program and he would often talk about Boomer, showing off pictures of his furry companion. “I couldn’t separate the two of them. I just couldn’t. It made my heart sad for him and Boomer,” thought Smith. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Burley didn’t know which shelter Boomer was in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the permission (允许) of the nursing center, Smith was able to bring Boomer to work with her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案1—5 CABAC 6—10 CACBB 11—15 ACABB 16—20 CAABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 保密★启用前 2023—2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语试题（B） 2024.4 注意事项： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前。考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂置：非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How much should the man pay? A. $5 B. $8 C. $10 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Changing the date. B. Choosing a hotel. C. Booking a room. 3. What’s the weather like? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny 4. What will the speakers do after working out? A. Have ice cream. B. Buy a swimsuit. C. Drink coffee. 5 What are the speakers probably doing? A. Playing with children. B. Walking in the street. C. Filming a movie. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍. 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6 How does the man feel about the program? A. It isn’t worth watching. B. It isn’t that bad. C. It is fantastic. 7. What will the man do tomorrow? A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a meeting. C. Stay at home. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the real purpose of the survey? A. To do a market research. B. To introduce a new product. C. To ask people to apply for credit cards. 9. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Pay for his shopping. B. Sign a form. C. Fill out a form. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What kind of ticket did the woman get? A. A single ticket. B. A return ticket. C. A season ticket. 11. How did the woman get the ticket today? A. From the Internet. B. From the ticket machine. C. From the ticket office. 12. What is the woman most pleased with about the station? A. The Wi-Fi. B. The cafe. C. The information board. 13. What does the woman think is a disadvantage of the station? A. The waiting hall is small. B. The parking is expensive. C. The seats are old. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did Diet On The Move start? A. In 1919. B. In 1990. C. In 1999. 15. How many diet plans are there in the program? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five 16. Which diet plan will the woman introduce to her brother? A. Balance. B. Keto Carb C. Vegetarian 17. What can we know about Diet On The Move? A. The meals are affordable. B. Orders can’t be canceled. C. There are few on-site places. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When does the castle close in January? A. At 4:00 pm. B. At 5:00 pm. C. At 6:00 pm. 19. What can visitors learn from the brochure? A. The cost of the tickets. B. The history of the castle. C The arrangement of activities. 20. What do most visitors like to do in the castle? A. Have a picnic. B. Visit the museum. C. Walk around the walls. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项. A Breakthrough Junior Challenge For students looking for a more creatively inspired and nontraditional competition, the Breakthrough Junior Challenge tasks students with creating a short video in which they explain a complex scientific idea. Rules •Students between the ages of 13 and 18 can participate. •Your video must be two minutes or under. One participant is required to submit (提交) only one entry. •Entries are limited to individuals only. Previous award holders are not allowed to participate •Go to breakthrough junior challenge org to submit your application and video before June 25. Judging Participants also play an important role in the judging process. You must score at least five videos submitted by other participants. After that , the seventy-five top-scoring videos from the process will be reviewed by the Evaluation Panel (评审团) made up of top-class scholars and science leaders. Each of these videos will receive at least an additional five review s from the Evaluation Panel members. Lastly, the Selection Committee will review and score the top group of finalists determined by the Evaluation Panel and select five entries for final consideration. Besides, the competition invites Internet users to participate in its judging process. The top-scoring video in the Popular Vote will be added to this group for the final review. Prizes The total value of the prizes is $400,000. The winner will receive a $250,000 scholarship (奖学金) to leading universities, as well as a $100,000 grant to the winner’s school for the development of a science lab and a $50,000 award to a teacher of the winner’s choice 1. Which of the following students can compete in the challenge? A. A 19-year-old science lover. B. The winner of last year. C. A team of high schoolers. D. A first-am e participant aged 15. 2. What can we infer about the judging process? A. Participants’ opinions are valued most B. Both public and expert views are considered. C. Five entries are chosen for the final review. D. Experts’ scoring is involved in every round. 3. How much will the winner receive? A. $400,000 B. $250,000 C. $100,000 D. $50,000 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了突破少年挑战赛的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Rules部分中“•Students between the ages of 13 and 18 can participate.(•13至18岁的学生可以参加)”可知，15岁的第一名参与者可以参加挑战。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Judging部分中“Lastly, the Selection Committee will review and score the top group of finalists determined by the Evaluation Panel and select five entries for final consideration. Besides, the competition invites Internet users to participate in its judging process.(最后，评选委员会将对评委会确定的前五名决赛选手进行评审和评分，并从中选出五名参赛选手进行最终考虑。此外，大赛还邀请互联网用户参与评审过程)”可知，从评判过程中，公众和专家的观点都被考虑。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The total value of the prizes is $400,000.(奖金总额为40万美元)”可知，获胜者可以得到40万美元。故选A。 B I had always struggled with my body weight since my childhood. Though I was the one who wore a women’s size 16 dress. I had never been teased or bullied (欺凌) in my school thanks to the help of my best friends. After I started to work, I decided to join the gym with my colleague. At the gym, I stepped on the scale to weigh myself. and when 170 pounds hit on the scale, it was the most terrifying moment. I thought after a few months of going to the gym and doing rigorous (严格的) works I would come down to 150 pounds. However, owing to the work stress and lack of time. I had to drop out of my journey. In 2015, I went to a gym again and began my weight loss journey — one that lasted for 12 months and concluded with me losing 20 more pounds so that I could be a bridesmaid (伴娘) of my best friend. I could hit 130 pounds on the scale. Sure I lost some pounds in the journey, however, when I again went to my old habits. I regained all the weight that I had lost. The day I reached my weight back to 150 pounds thanks to all the pizzas, sodas and junk foods. I was set on fire with motivation to change my life. Just as I’d done for the past few years. I again started to go back to the gym this time with determination and healthier eating. A little over a year after I’d started. I stepped on the same scale I’d first weighed myself on. I hit 110 pounds on the scale. It was the most transformative experience of my life — and not simply in the ways one might expect. Even now, when I feel my confidence flagging (衰落) or self-doubt creeping in, I think back to having successfully finished that, and I can draw strength. 4. Why did the author stop going to the gym for the first time? A. She was already satisfied with her weight. B. She had to devote her time to her work. C. She didn’t experience any weight loss. D. She was laughed at by others. 5. What problem did the author face after managing to lose some weight? A. She lost confidence in herself B. She became too busy to work out. C. She developed some new bad habits. D. She had difficulty keeping weight off. 6. What can we learn about the author after her weight loss experience? A. She could be at self-doubt. B. She expected to help others. C. She lost interest in going to the gym. D. She cared more about her appearance. 7. What message does the author’s story want to tell us? A. It’s important to live a full life. B. We should always focus on our weight. C. We should try our best to change our life. D. It requires determination to keep a healthy lifestyle. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的减肥经历，作者经历了许多次减肥，虽然很多都失败了，但是作者从中也得到了力量。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, owing to the work stress and lack of time.(然而，由于工作压力大，时间不够)”可知，作者第一次不去健身房是因为她不得不把时间花在工作上。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 2015, I went to a gym again and began my weight loss journey—one that lasted for 12 months and concluded with me losing 20 more pounds so that I could be a bridesmaid (伴娘) of my best friend. I could hit 130 pounds on the scale. Sure I lost some pounds in the journey, however, when I again went to my old habits. I regained all the weight that I had lost.(2015年，我又去了健身房，开始了我的减肥之旅——这个减肥之旅持续了12个月，最后我又减掉了20磅，这样我就可以做我最好朋友的伴娘了。我的体重可以达到130磅。当然，我在旅途中减掉了一些磅，然而，当我又回到我的老习惯。我减掉的体重又全部恢复了)”可知，作者在成功减肥后很难保持体重。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Even now, when I feel my confidence flagging (衰落) or self-doubt creeping in, I think back to having successfully finished that, and I can draw strength.(即使是现在，当我感到信心低落或自我怀疑时，我也会回想起曾经成功地完成了那件事，我可以从中汲取力量)”可知，作者的减肥经历后可能会自我怀疑。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“I again started to go back to the gym this time with determination and healthier eating.(我再次开始回到健身房，这一次带着决心和更健康的饮食)”结合文章主要讲述了作者的减肥经历，作者经历了许多次减肥，虽然很多都失败了，但是作者从中也得到了力量。可知，作者的故事想要告诉我们保持健康的生活方式需要决心。故选D。 C Since the pandemic (流行病) hit, we’re on video calls more than ever before, and many are finding it extremely tiring. Being on a video call requires more focus than a face-to-face chat, says Gianpiero Petriglien, an associate professor at Insead. Video chats mean we need to work harder to process facial expressions, the tone and pitch of the voice, and body language: paying more attention to these consumes a lot of energy. “Our minds are together when our bodies feel we’re not. That causes people to have conflicting (互相冲突) feelings, and i: is exhausting You cannot relax into the conversation naturally.” he says. “Silence is another challenge.” he adds. “Silence creates a natural rhythm in a real-life conversation. However, when it happens in a video call, you become anxious about the technology.” It also makes people uncomfortable. One 2014 study by German Scholars showed that delays (延迟) on phone or conferencing systems shaped our unpleasant views of people: even delays of 1.2 seconds made people regard the responder as less friendly or focused. An added factor, says Marissa Shulffer, an associate professor at Clemson University, is that if we are physically on camera, we are very aware of being watched. “When you’re on a video conference, you knew everybody’s looking at you; you are on stage, so there comes the social pressure and feeling like you need to perform. Being performative is nerve-wracking.” It’s also very hard for people not to look at their own face if they can see it on screen, or not to be conscious (有意识的) of how they behave in front of the camera. Both experts suggest limiting video calls to those that are necessary. Turning on the camera should be optional and is general there should be more understanding that cameras do not always have to be on throughout teach meeting. Having your screen off to the side, instead of straight ahead, could also help your concentration, particularly in group meetings, says Petriglien. It makes you feel like you’re in a next-door room, so you may be less bring. 8. What does Gianpiero Petriglien think of video calls? A. They need more concentration. B. They go on more naturally. C. They are more relaxing. D. They take longer time. 9. What makes people uncomfortable according to the 2014 study? A. Facial expressions. B. Occasional silence. C. Processing body language D. Not receiving a timely reply 10. What does the underlined word “nerve-wracking” in Paragraph 4mean? A. Causing excitement. B. Causing disappointment. C. Making one feel nervous. D. Making one feel surprised. 11. What’s the text mainly about? A. The convenience of video chats. B. Why video chats are so exhausting. C. The development of mobile phones. D. What technological development brings 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了疫情导致频繁视频通话，但是许多人发现十分累人，文章主要说明了导致视频聊天累人的原因以及专家给出了建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Being on a video call requires more focus than a face-to-face chat, says Gianpiero Petriglien, an associate professor at Insead.(欧洲工商管理学院副教授Gianpiero Petriglien表示，与面对面聊天相比，视频通话需要更多的注意力)”可知，Gianpiero Petriglien认为视频通话需要更专注。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“One 2014 study by German Scholars showed that delays (延迟) on phone or conferencing systems shaped our unpleasant views of people: even delays of 1.2 seconds made people regard the responder as less friendly or focused.(德国学者2014年的一项研究表明，电话或会议系统的延迟会让我们对别人产生不愉快的看法：即使是1.2秒的延迟，也会让人们认为应答者不那么友好或注意力不集中)”可知，根据2014年的研究，没有得到及时的答复让人们感到不舒服。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When you’re on a video conference, you knew everybody’s looking at you; you are on stage, so there comes the social pressure and feeling like you need to perform.(当你参加视频会议时，你知道每个人都在看着你；你站在舞台上，所以会有社会压力，感觉你需要表演)”可知，参加视频会议需要进行有压力的表演，即表演让人感到紧张。故划线词意思是“使人感到紧张”，故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Since the pandemic (流行病) hit, we’re on video calls more than ever before, and many are finding it extremely tiring.(自疫情爆发以来，我们进行视频通话的次数比以往任何时候都多，许多人发现这非常累人)”结合文章主要说明了疫情导致频繁视频通话，但是许多人发现十分累人，文章主要说明了导致视频聊天累人的原因以及专家给出了建议。可知，这篇文章主要讲了为什么视频聊天那么累人。故选B。 D Lake Victoria is best known to the general public following the introduction of the 2004 documentary Darwin’s Nightmare, which focuses on the environmental and social effects of the Nile perch (河鲈) fishing industry. The Nile perch is the largest freshwater fish, which can grow up to two metres long and weigh 200kg. Its introduction into Lake Victoria in the 1950s and its rapid population growth in the 1960s gradually wiped out the native fish species living in the lake, causing a major ecological disaster. Today, the Nile perch population can be found everywhere but has reduced slightly due to overfishing, allowing some species to partially recover. What is less well known, and perhaps interacting with the presence of the Nile perch, but equally damaging to the ecosystem, is the general water quality of the lake. “This declined sharply between the 1960s and the 1990s due to eutrophication (富营养化), which is caused by increased inputs of nutrients (营养物) into the water bodies as a result of increased human activities in the catchment area.” explains Alberto Borges, FNRS Research Director at the Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography from the University of Liege. From 2018 to 2019, a research team led by Alberto Borges, studied the biomass (生物量) and composition of phytoplankton (浮游植物) as well as the nutrient status of the lake during three scientific missions. This study shows that the phytoplankton camass has decreased by about seven times compared to the 1990s.” says the researchers. “and that the species composition has also changed in a subtle way.” What seems to be good news for the environment of Lake Victoria may only be on the surface. “This means that the current improvement in water quality in Lake Victoria may only be temporary and that conditions could become worse again in the future due to continued climate warming.” says Alberto Borges. 12. Why was the documentary Darwin’s Nightmare made in 2004? A. To honor Darwin’s great contributions. B. To make Lake Victoria known to the world. C. To record the serious pollution in Lake Victoria. D. To show how the Nile perch fishing industry affected Lake Victoria. 13. What do we know about the introduction of Nile perch into Lake Victoria? A. It was disastrous to Lake Victoria. B. It helped control other species in Lake Victoria. C. It benefited the fishermen a lot in Lake Victoria area. D. It greatly improved the water quality in Lake Victoria. 14. What mainly makes eutrophication in Lake Victoria happen? A. The fishing industry. B. The decreased number of fish. C. The decrease of phytoplankton. D. More and more inputs of nutrients. 15. What’s Alberto Borges’ attitude to the future of Lake Victoria? A. Hopeful. B. Deeply concerned. C. Indifferent D. Cautiously optimistic 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍尼罗河鲈鱼捕捞业对维多利亚湖的社会和环境影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Lake Victoria is best known to the general public following the introduction of the 2004 documentary Darwin’s Nightmare, which focuses on the environmental and social effects of the Nile perch(河鲈) fishing industry. (维多利亚湖在2004年的纪录片《达尔文的噩梦》(Darwin 's Nightmare)推出后为公众所熟知，该纪录片关注的是尼罗河鲈鱼捕鱼业对环境和社会的影响。)”可知，拍摄纪录片《达尔文的噩梦》展示尼罗河鲈鱼捕捞业对维多利亚湖的影响。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Its introduction into Lake Victoria in the 1950s and its rapid population growth in the 1960s gradually wiped out the native fish species living in the lake, causing a major ecological disaster. (它在20世纪50年代被引入维多利亚湖，其数量在20世纪60年代迅速增长，逐渐消灭了生活在湖中的本地鱼类。)”和第三段“From 2018 to 2019, a research team led by Alberto Borges, studied the biomass (生物量) and composition of phytoplankton (浮游植物) as well as the nutrient status of the lake during three scientific missions. This study shows that the phytoplankton camass has decreased by about seven times compared to the 1990s.” says the researchers. “and that the species composition has also changed in a subtle way.” What seems to be good news for the environment of Lake Victoria may only be on the surface. (从2018年到2019年，阿尔贝托·博尔赫斯(Alberto Borges)领导的一个研究小组在三次科学任务中研究了浮游植物的生物量和组成以及湖泊的营养状况。该研究表明，与20世纪90年代相比，浮游植物的数量减少了约7倍。研究人员说。“物种组成也以一种微妙的方式发生了变化。”似乎对维多利亚湖环境有利的消息可能只是表面上的。)”可推断，尼罗河鲈鱼被引入维多利亚湖是灾难性的，故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““This declined sharply between the 1960s and the 1990s due to eutrophication (富营养化), which is caused by increased inputs of nutrients (营养物) into the water bodies as a result of increased human activities in the catchment area.” explains Alberto Borges, FNRS Research Director at the Laboratory of Chemical Oceanography from the University of Liege. (“由于富营养化，这一数字在20世纪60年代至90年代期间急剧下降，富营养化是由于汇水区人类活动增加导致营养物质输入水体的增加而引起的。”列日大学化学海洋学实验室FNRS研究主任阿尔贝托·博尔赫斯解释说。” )可知，维多利亚湖发生富营养化的主要原因是越来越多的养分投入。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““This means that the current improvement in water quality in Lake Victoria may only be temporary and that conditions could become worse again in the future due to continued climate warming.” says Alberto Borges. (“这意味着目前维多利亚湖水质的改善可能只是暂时的，由于气候持续变暖，未来情况可能会再次恶化。”阿尔贝托·博尔赫斯说。)”可推断阿尔贝托·博尔赫斯对维多利亚湖的未来是深切关注的，故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Happiness is a state of mind. When you learn to observe your thoughts and emotions (情感), you can nurture a joyful life and think more positively. After all, everyone has the potential to feel happy. ____16____ Keep a thought diary Write down thoughts as they come up throughout the day. When you’ve finished, go back and read your thought diary out loud. Can you identify negative(消极的) self-talk that might hold you back from feeling joyful? When these situations arise in the future, step back for a moment. Think about why you think this way and what happened the last time you were in this situation. ____17____ Control the monkey mind with meditation (冥想) Is your mind full of questions like “What do I really want to do with my life?” “Am I happy?” “Did I remember to lock the door?” ____18____ If you want to develop a happy, peaceful mind, you must make friends with them. Train your monkeys and give them a job to do, like watching your breath, repeating a phrase, or simply observing the present moment. These meditation practices train your mind and help calm the monkeys. Respond vs react ____19____ Even so-called negative emotions, like anger, sadness, or fear, have their function. After all, a healthy fear of heights keeps you from falling off a cliff (悬崖)! The trick is to not allow your emotions to overcome you. ____20____ When you react, the unconscious mind takes over. You may take action without thinking, and do something you regret. Response means taking a step back and observing your emotions. A. What kinds of thinking habits do you usually have? B. Learn to respond to your emotions, rather than react. C. Following these practices, you’ll think more positively and be happy. D. Sometimes that voice in your head behaves like a bunch of monkeys. E You can start by understanding what causes negative thought patterns. F. People cannot block thoughts and emotions because they are necessary. G. Perhaps you can even come up with other good opinions on the situation. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养积极心态、提高幸福感的几种方法，包括记录思想日记、通过冥想控制思绪、以及学会回应而非应对情绪。 【16题详解】 上文“When you learn to observe your thoughts and emotions (情感), you can nurture a joyful life and think more positively. After all, everyone has the potential to feel happy.(当你学会观察自己的思想和情感时，你就能培养快乐的生活并更加积极地思考。毕竟，每个人都有感到快乐的潜力)”说明了关于通过观察自己的思想和情绪来培养快乐生活和积极思考的能力，空处应为一个总结性的句子来引导进入接下来的方法介绍部分，C选项“遵循这些实践，你会更积极地思考并感到快乐。”正好总结了上述内容，指出通过采取建议的措施，个人能够实现更积极的心态和幸福感，作为对全文方法论介绍的引言，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文“Can you identify negative(消极的) self-talk that might hold you back from feeling joyful? When these situations arise in the future, step back for a moment. Think about why you think this way and what happened the last time you were in this situation.(你能识别出那些可能阻碍你感受快乐的消极自我对话吗？当这些情况在未来再次出现时，暂时退一步。想想你为什么会这样想，以及上次处于这种情况时发生了什么)”说明了通过记录思想日记来识别消极的自我对话，并建议当未来遇到类似情况时进行反思，G选项“也许你甚至可以对这种情况提出其他好的看法。”与之衔接，这里的“other good opinions”是对之前反思过程的一个延伸，鼓励读者不仅识别问题，还能进一步探索解决问题的积极视角，其中的“the situation”与上文的“this situation”相呼应，符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 上文“Is your mind full of questions like “What do I really want to do with my life?” “Am I happy?” “Did I remember to lock the door?”(你的脑海里是否充满了诸如“我这辈子真正想做的是什么？”“我快乐吗？”“我记得锁门了吗？”之类的问题？)”及下文“If you want to develop a happy, peaceful mind, you must make friends with them. Train your monkeys and give them a job to do, like watching your breath, repeating a phrase, or simply observing the present moment.(如果你想培养一颗快乐平和的心灵，就必须与这些思绪成为朋友。训练你的“猴子们”，给它们分配任务，比如观察你的呼吸、重复一句话，或者仅仅是观察当下)”说明了脑海中充满各种疑问的情景，及如何处理这些纷扰的思绪，空处承上启下，D选项“有时候，你头脑里的那个声音就像一群猴子。”形象地描述了思绪纷飞、难以控制的状态，用“猴子”比喻了思维的活跃与难以控制，很好地引出了下文关于冥想控制“猴子心态”的讨论，符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 下文“Even so-called negative emotions, like anger, sadness, or fear, have their function. After all, a healthy fear of heights keeps you from falling off a cliff (悬崖)! The trick is to not allow your emotions to overcome you.(即便是所谓消极情绪，如愤怒、悲伤或恐惧，也有它们的功能。毕竟，对高度的健康恐惧能防止你从悬崖上摔下去！诀窍在于不要让情绪控制你)”说明了情绪反应的重要性，指出即使是所谓的消极情绪也有其功能，空处应探讨情绪管理的重要性，F选项“人们不能阻止思想和情绪，因为它们是必要的。”说明思想和情绪是人类体验中不可或缺的部分，为接下来讨论如何应对而不是抑制这些情绪做了铺垫，符合语境。故选F。 20题详解】 上文“The trick is to not allow your emotions to overcome you.(诀窍在于不要让情绪控制你)”及下文“When you react, the unconscious mind takes over. You may take action without thinking, and do something you regret. Response means taking a step back and observing your emotions.(当你做出反应时，无意识的思维会占据主导。你可能会不假思索地采取行动，做出让自己后悔的事情。回应则是后退一步，观察你的情绪)”说明了不让情绪控制自己是关键，并阐述了“反应”与“回应”的区别，空处承上启下，承接上文内容具体说明如何做到不让情绪控制自己，并引出下文对情绪的反应与回应的区别，B选项“学会对你的情绪作出回应，而不是做出反应。”直接点明了这一段的核心策略，主动响应而非被动反应，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small town near the South Dakota border. There was no Internet, and the television signals coming from Minneapolis were ____21____ received. It would have been a(n) ____22____ childhood if it were not for one of the most memorable characters of my life and the small library. Miss Grove, the ____23____, was a “queen” and the library was her “realm (领域)”. She ____24____ no loud behavior in her library She was serious and ____25____, just sitting at the top of her staircase. “Reading is the way the soul breathes” was one of the few sentences she ever said. Other than that, she seldom broke the ____26____ in her library. My most ____27____ memory of Miss Grove was the time when I forgot to ____28____ an overdue (逾期的) book. When I finally put it on her desk, she informed me that I had to ____29____ the library thirty-three cents. “I forgot,” I replied. She gave me a reprieve (延缓) and said I could keep my library card ____30____ I paid her in installments (分期付) of three cents a week. I left the library immediately to ____31____ empty pop bottles in trash cans to earn money. A few weeks later, when I ____32____ several pennies on her desk, she said, “Dennis, you’re still 15 cents short but I think you’ve learned the ____33____.” She slipped me the pennies I had just given her and said, “You can keep these.” Miss Grove was a small-town character, but she played a ____34____ role in helping children fall in love with reading, especially those with ____35____ reading resources in the town, just like me. 21. A. heavily B. hardly C. freely D. clearly 22. A. carefree B. interesting C. normal D. lonely 23. A. neighbour B. headmaster C. librarian D. teacher 24. A. allowed B. showed C. hated D. changed 25. A. capable B. humorous C. interesting D. frightening 26. A. silence B. connection C. system D. power 27. A. important B. pleasant C. common D. boring 28. A. read B. describe C. deliver D. return 29. A. borrow B. lend C. pay D. show 30. A. so long as B. even though C. as far as D. in case 31. A. deal with B. take out C. search for D. bring about 32. A. gathered B. placed C. observed D. discovered 33. A. strategy B. truth C. principle D. lesson 34. A. crucial B. passive C. traditional D. political 35. A. precious B. useful C. limited D. specific 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在南达科他州边境附近的一个小镇长大，图书管理员格罗夫小姐帮助孩子们爱上阅读，包括作者。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那里没有互联网，从明尼阿波利斯传来的电视信号几乎没有被接收到。A. heavily沉重地；B. hardly几乎不；C. freely自由地；D. clearly清楚地。根据上文“There was no Internet, and the television signals coming from Minneapolis were”可知，没有网络，说明信号几乎收不到。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我生命中最难忘的人物之一和那间小图书馆，我的童年将是一个孤独的童年。A. carefree无忧无虑的；B. interesting有趣的；C. normal正常的；D. lonely孤独的。上文提到作者所在的地方没有互联网，电视也没有信号，因此没有图书馆的话，作者的童年会十分孤独。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：图书管理员格罗夫小姐是一位“女王”，图书馆是她的“领地”。A. neighbour邻居；B. headmaster校长；C. librarian图书管理员；D. teacher老师。根据后文“the library was her “realm”.”可知，格罗夫小姐是图书管理员。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不允许在她的图书馆里大声喧哗。A. allowed允许；B. showed展示；C. hated讨厌；D. changed改变。根据后文““Reading is the way the soul breathes” was one of the few sentences she ever said.(“阅读是灵魂呼吸的方式”是她说过的少数几句话之一)”可知，格罗夫小姐认为阅读是灵魂呼吸的方式，推测她不允许在她的图书馆里大声喧哗。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她坐在楼梯顶上，神情严肃，令人生畏。A. capable有能力的；B. humorous幽默的；C. interesting有趣的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据上文“She was serious and”可知，作者觉得她神情严肃，令人生畏。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，她很少打破图书馆里的寂静。A. silence沉默；B. connection连接；C. system系统；D. power力量。上文提到她不允许图书馆大声说话的行为，即要保持寂静，她很少打破图书馆里的寂静。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对格罗夫小姐最重要的记忆是有一次我忘了还逾期未还的书。A. important重要的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. common共同的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“memory of Miss Grove was the time when I forgot to”可知，作者记忆深刻，说明是重要的记忆。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对格罗夫小姐最重要的记忆是有一次我忘了还逾期未还的书。A. read阅读；B. describe描述；C. deliver递送；D. return返回。根据后文“an overdue book”指忘了还逾期未还的书。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我最后把它放在她桌子上时，她告诉我我必须付给图书馆33美分。A. borrow借来；B. lend借给；C. pay支付；D. show展示。根据后文“the library thirty-three cents”可知，作者必须付给图书馆33美分，因为书逾期了。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：她给了我一个延期，并说我可以保留我的借书证，只要我每星期分期付给她三美分。A. so long as只要；B. even though即使；C. as far as在……范围内；D. in case万一。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用so long as。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我立即离开图书馆去垃圾桶里找空的汽水瓶赚钱。A. deal with处理；B. take out拿出；C. search for搜索；D. bring about引起。根据后文“empty pop bottles in trash cans to earn money”可知，作者为了还钱，去垃圾桶里找空的汽水瓶赚钱。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期后，当我把几枚硬币放在她的桌子上时，她说：“丹尼斯，你还差15美分，但我认为你已经吸取了教训。”A. gathered聚集；B. placed放置；C. observed观察；D. discovered发现。根据后文“several pennies on her desk”指把几枚硬币放在她的桌子上。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期后，当我把几枚硬币放在她的桌子上时，她说：“丹尼斯，你还差15美分，但我认为你已经吸取了教训。”A. strategy策略；B. truth真理；C. principle原则；D. lesson课程。根据上文“I think you’ve learned the”可知，图书管理员这么做是为了让作者学到守信的教训，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格罗夫小姐是一个小镇人物，但她在帮助孩子们爱上阅读方面发挥了至关重要的作用，尤其是那些镇上阅读资源有限的孩子，就像我一样。A. crucial重要的；B. passive被动的；C. traditional传统的；D. political政治的。根据上文“Miss Grove was a small-town character, but she played a”中but表示转折，说明格罗夫小姐是一个小镇人物，但她在帮助孩子们爱上阅读方面发挥了至关重要的作用，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格罗夫小姐是一个小镇人物，但她在帮助孩子们爱上阅读方面发挥了至关重要的作用，尤其是那些镇上阅读资源有限的孩子，就像我一样。A. precious宝贵的；B. useful有用的；C. limited有限的；D. specific特别的。根据上文“I grew up in a small town near the South Dakota border.(我在南达科他州边境附近的一个小镇长大)”以及后文“reading resources in the town”此处指镇上的阅读资源有限。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A message in a bottle that travelled more than 3,200 km across the Atlantic Ocean has received a response—three years ____36____ beginning its wonderful journey. Sean Smith, who is now 16, ____37____ (send) out the message while on holiday in Rhode Island on Thanksgiving in 2018. He put a note in a bottle ____38____ read, “It is Thanksgiving. I am 13 and ____39____ (visit) my relatives in Rhode Island. I am from Vermont. If you find this bottle, email me ...” Fast-forward to 2021, and ____40____ message was discovered by Christian Santos, a 17-year-old boy living in Portugal’s Azores Islands. He always picks up trash floating on the water in an attempt ____41____ (protect) the environment. After finding the bottle, he decided to follow the ____42____ (instruction) in the bottle. Christian’s email nearly fell on deaf ears because Sean had forgotten that he had sent out the message as a child, and couldn’t remember the password to his email account. ____43____ (thankful), the story didn’t end there. Christian’s mother posted her son’s ____44____ (discover) on the Internet. Soon, Sean saw the post and got in touch with Christian. “It’s cool that somebody found it so far away and we were actually able to get in touch,” said Sean. They _____45_____ (become) good friends ever since and the friendship is well worth the wait. 【答案】36. after 37. sent 38. which 39. visiting 40. the 41. to protect 42. instructions 43. Thankfully 44. discovery 45. have become 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了2018年感恩节，肖恩·史密斯在罗德岛度假时放出了一个漂流瓶，结果2021年，被17岁男孩克里斯蒂安·桑托斯发现，两人也因此成为了朋友。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：一个漂流了3200多公里，穿越大西洋的漂流瓶终于收到了回应——这是它开始奇妙旅程的三年后。后跟名词作宾语，表示“……之后”应用介词after。故填after。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：2018年感恩节，现年16岁的肖恩·史密斯在罗德岛度假时发出了这条信息。根据后文in 2018可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填sent。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他在瓶子里放了一张纸条，上面写着:“今天是感恩节。我今年13岁，去罗得岛拜访亲戚。我来自佛蒙特州。如果你找到这个瓶子，给我发邮件……”定语从句修饰先行词note，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：我今年13岁，正在罗得岛拜访亲戚。根据上文I am表示正在发生，用现在进行时。故填visiting。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：时间快进到2021年，住在葡萄牙亚速尔群岛的17岁男孩克里斯蒂安·桑托斯发现了这条信息。此处特指上文A message in a bottle，应用定冠词。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他经常捡起漂浮在水面上的垃圾，试图保护环境。短语in an attempt to do sth.表示“试图做某事”。故填to protect。 【42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：找到瓶子后，他决定按照瓶子上的说明去做。根据上文“It is Thanksgiving. I am 13 and visiting my relatives in Rhode Island. I am from Vermont. If you find this bottle, email me”可知数量大于一应用复数形式。故填instructions。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：值得庆幸的是，故事并没有就此结束。修饰后文句子应用副词thankfully，首字母大写。故填Thankfully。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：克里斯蒂安的母亲在网上发布了儿子的发现。作动词的宾语，应用名词discovery，此处指发现瓶子里的信息，应用单数。故填discovery。 【45题详解】 考查时态。句意：从那以后，他们成为了好朋友，这份友谊值得等待。根据后文ever since可知为现在完成时，主语为They，助动词用have。故填have become。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，明天你班英语课上将就“未来学校”这一话题展开讨论。请你写一篇发言稿，参加讨论，内容包括： 1.简要介绍你想象中的未来学校； 2.可能存在的利弊； 3.你的观点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear friends! What I am talking about today is the future school. It is certain that the development of technology will bring so many changes into future schools, such as the combination of the latest technology and the most popular teaching methods, which, of course, will make classes livelier. Computers and other electronic devices will become necessary in class. However, some shortcomings will still exist. For instance, stronger dependence on technology may cause lack of critical and independent thinking. All in all, schools in the future will be more fascinating. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“未来学校”这一话题写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 设备：device→equipment 必要的：necessary→indispensable 总之：all in all→in short 例如：for instance→for example 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Computers and other electronic devices will become necessary in class. 拓展句：It’s necessary for school to install computers and other electronic devices in class. 【点睛】[高分句型1] What I am talking about today is the future school. (运用了what引导主语从句) [高分句型2] It is certain that the development of technology will bring so many changes into future schools, such as the combination of the latest technology and the most popular teaching methods, which, of course, will make classes livelier. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was right after Thanksgiving that registered nurse Jennifer Smith got an early morning phone call from John Burley, one of her favorite patients. He was extremely worried about his beloved dog. Smith came to work early the Monday after Thanksgiving. Burley, who struggles a bit with speech, was calling from his hospital room, “Boomer is in the pound (流浪狗收容所)! Boomer is in the pound! Boomer is my world.” Smith, who has been a nurse for 12 years, has a 13-year-old dog herself she has had since a puppy, so she fully understood the panic. She told Burley that she could tell he was concerned and also scared about what would happen to Boomer. Burley took a breath and asked Smith, “Will you take care of Boomer?” “Of course, John, I will find Boomer and take care of him for you,” Jennifer Smith became a nurse to help people: any way that she can help somebody. Smith had met Burley at the Grand Rehabilitation (康复) and Nursing Center in Rome, New York, through its adult day health care program, which is for patients requiring supervision (监护), and which allows them to socialize with others while receiving medical care. 60-year-old Burley still had his own apartment where he lived alone with his dog Boomer. Burley had adopted the 12-year-old dog in Arkansas when he was a puppy and later moved to New York. Most of his family still lives in Arkansas, so when he was hospitalized for pneumonia (肺炎) and lung problems, he had no one to take care of Boomer. No one—except Smith. Smith formed a friendship with Burley in the adult daycare program and he would often talk about Boomer, showing off pictures of his furry companion. “I couldn’t separate the two of them. I just couldn’t. It made my heart sad for him and Boomer,” thought Smith. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Burley didn’t know which shelter Boomer was in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the permission (允许) of the nursing center, Smith was able to bring Boomer to work with her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Burley didn’t know which shelter Boomer was in. Smith immediately called nearby animal shelters. Hard work paid off finally, and she learned Boomer had been taken to a shelter nearby. She took an early lunch the next day and drove to the shelter, where she found Boomer in a large cage. Smith immediately let Burley know Boomer’s current state. She managed to adopt Boomer and soon Boomer was settled in her home, together with her dog. With the permission(允许) of the nursing center, Smith was able to bring Boomer to work with her. Burley had the opportunity to see Boomer several times a day, which helped greatly in his recovery. The other residents in the center loved Boomer, too. Burley was proud to show off Boomer as he rested on his lap in the wheelchair. They smiled and petted him. Apparently Boomer brought joy to all people in the center. They spoke highly of Smith’s action. “I can’t cure diseases. I’m not a miracle worker. I just help my patients when they need me,” said Smith, who pursued a career in nursing so that she could help people. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了就在感恩节过后，注册护士詹妮弗·史密斯一大早接到了她最喜欢的病人之一约翰·伯利的电话。他非常担心他心爱的狗。经过努力，伯利找回了自己的狗Boomer，史密斯也可以带着Boomer一起工作来帮助他人。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“伯利不知道Boomer在哪个避难所”可知，第一段可描写史密斯帮忙寻找Boomer的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“在得到护理中心的许可后，史密斯得以带着Boomer一起工作”可知，第二段可描写Boomer和史密斯一起工作以及史密斯的感悟。 2.续写线索：史密斯寻找Boomer——告知Boomer情况——收养Boomer——和Boomer一起工作——提供帮助——史密斯感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发现：find/discover ②能够：be able to /be capable of ③追求：pursue/ go after 情绪类 ①快乐：joy /happiness ②喜爱：love/adore 【点睛】[高分句型1] Burley was proud to show off Boomer as he rested on his lap in the wheelchair. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Burley had the opportunity to see Boomer several times a day, which helped greatly in his recovery. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 听力答案1—5 CABAC 6—10 CACBB 11—15 ACABB 16—20 CAABC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$