精品解析：重庆市渝北区2023-2024学年高一招生指标到校招生文化测试英语试题

渝北区2023年高中指标到校招生文化测试 英 语 试 题 (全卷共九个大题。满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 注意事项： 1.试题的答案书写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。 2.作答前认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项。 3.考试结束，由监考人将试题卷和答题卡一并收回。 第I卷（共95分） I.听力测试。(共30分) 第一节(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听一遍。根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. Lucky you. B. You’re welcome. C. It doesn’t matter. 2. A. Good idea! B. What about you? C. How beautiful it is! 3. A. Sounds cool. B. Sure, I will C. Sorry, you are wrong. 4. A. A talk show. B. Yes I do C. They are boring. 5. A. Never give up. B. Have a nice day. C. You need to have a rest. 6. A. I hope not. B. That’s all right. C.I agree with you. 第二节(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听一遍。根据你所听到的对话和问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 7. A. A dog. B. A bird. C. A cat. 8. A. Coffee B. Sugar. C. Milk 9. A. Susan. B. Jack. C. Ben. 10. A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By taxi. 11. A. Yes, she will. B. No, she won’t. C. She’s not sure. 12. A. Watch TV. B. Play computer games C. Play with his friends. 第三节(每小题1.5分，共6分) 听两遍。根据你所听到的长对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答题标号涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第13和14小题。 13. Where will the boy go to help? A. In the park. B. In the street. C. In the school. 14. What will his sister volunteer to do? A. Tell interesting stories. B. Clean up the hospital C. Visit sick children. 听第二段材料，回答第15和16小题 15.What is the girl’s last name? A. Gina B. Green. C. Black 16. When did Gina go to the library? A. This morning. B. This afternoon. C. This evening. 第四节(每小题1.5分，共6分) 听两遍。根据你所听到的短文内容，从A、B、C 三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 17. Li Hun is __________. A. a teacher B. a writer C. a student 18. The novel The Three-Body Problem is written by a __________ writer. A. Canadian B. Chinese C. Japanese 19. Li Hun is going to __________. A. have a good time B. study science in college C. go to a writing class 20. Li Hua’s speech is given __________. A. on Monday B on Wednesday C. on Friday II.单项选择。(每小题1分，共10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. Lonely Warrior is __________ popular song. Many students like it. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：《孤独的战士》是一首流行歌曲。许多学生喜欢它。song为可数名词，popular是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。故选A。 2. You need to learn English __________ well. It’s the rule of a language. A. music B. homework C. grammar D. culture 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要学好英语语法。这是一种语言的规则。A. music音乐；B. homework家庭作业；C. grammer语法；D. culture文化。根据“It’s the rule of a language.”可知，此处指英语语法。故选C。 3. —Which of these shirts would you take? — __________. One is for my son, and the other is for my husband. A. Neither B. Both C. None D. All 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：——这些衬衫你要哪一件？——两件都要。一件是给我儿子的。另一件是给我丈夫的。A. Neither两者都不；B. Both两者都；C. None没有一个，三者及以上；D. All全部都，三者及以上。根据后文“One is for my son, and the other is for my husband.”可知指两者都要，应用both。故选B。 4. Shenzhou-15 astronauts completed their first spacewalk __________ February 10th, 2023. A. at B. in C. for D. on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：2023年2月10日，神舟15号宇航员完成了首次太空行走。表示“在具体某一天”应用介词on。故选D项。 5. How time flies! It will be my __________ birthday next Sunday. A. fifteenth B. the fifteenth C. fifteen D. the fifteen 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查序数词。句意：时间过得真快！下星期天是我的十五岁生日。表“第十五个”应用序数词fifteenth修饰名词，设空处前有形容词性物主代词，此时序数词前无冠词。故选A项。 6. Many buildings __________ down in Turkey (土耳其) and thousands of people died in the earthquake. A. felt B. fell C. took D. pulled 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：土耳其许多建筑物倒塌，数千人在地震中丧生。A. felt感觉到；B. fell跌倒；C. took采取；D. pulled推。根据后文“thousands of people died in the earthquake”可知，发生地震，应是许多建筑物倒塌。故选B项。 7. —Whose blue T-shirt is this? —It __________ belong to Tom. I saw him wear it yesterday. A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——这是谁的蓝色T恤? ——一定是汤姆的。我昨天看见他戴着它。A. can能，会；B. must一定；C. can’t不能，不会；D. mustn’t禁止。根据后文“I saw him wear it yesterday.”可知，此处表达一种肯定的有把握性的推测，用must。故选B项。 8. Few students could understand the maths problem until it __________ by Mr. Smith. A. explains B. explained C. was explained D. was explaining 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在史密斯先生解释这道数学题之前，很少有学生能理解它。本句是until引导的时间状语从句，explain作从句的谓语，和主语it之间是被动关系，根据could可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C项。 9. —How is the traffic in your town? —It was bad, but now it’s much __________ with the help of the police. A. bad B. good C. worse D. better 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查比较级。句意：——你们镇上的交通怎么样？——很糟糕，但现在有了警察的帮助好多了。A. bad糟糕的；B. good好的；C. worse更糟的；D. better更好的。根据“with the help of the police”可知，交通状况好了许多，应该使用比较级better。故选D。 10. —Do you know __________ for Ms. Li? —In Room 201. A. whether we’ll have a surprise party B. where will we have a surprise party C. when we will have a surprise party D. where we will have a surprise party 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——你知道我们将在哪里为李老师举办惊喜派对吗？——在201房间。设空处为宾语从句，宾语从句使用陈述语序。根据后文的In Room 201，可知设空处是对举办派对的地点进行提问，故使用引导词where。故选D。 III. 完型填空。(每小题1.5分，共15分) 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑。 Waiting hours to go on a theme park ride, queuing (排队) at the post office...Nobody likes queuing, except for, perhaps, the ______11______. Really, we, people in Britain, have a great deal of respect for queuing. Like it or not, queuing is necessary to keep order and ______12______ people from getting angry with each other. But where does it come from? According to the website, Culture Trip, the origins (起源) of queuing can date back to the early 19th ______13______at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) in England. Why? As cities were getting bigger and more crowded, queues ______14______ started to happen. People queued up for everyday things ______15______ posting letters at the post office or shopping in local shops. During World War II, it became even more important to keep during hard time. So the government encouraged people to “do their duty and ______16______ their turn.” As a Briton myself, I have to say this is true of the British people. We like things to be orderly and we believe in showing politeness and waiting your turn. It can be found in all kinds of everyday activities. In the UK, it’s normal to let people off the bus or train before you get ______17______. In London, ______18______you don’t do this, you’ll even get shouted at. It’s also very important to stand on the ______19______ on an escalator (电动扶梯). In this way, _____20_____can walk on the left side if they are in a hurry. As the saying goes in the UK, “Keep calm and carry on.” 11. A. British B. Chinese C. Americans D. French 12. A. help B. tell C. stop D. enjoy 13. A. day B. month C. year D. century 14. A. luckily B. successfully C. strangely D. naturally 15. A. with B. like C. from D. to 16. A. change B. use C. wait D. jump 17. A. on B. off C. up D. down 18. A. because B. unless C. if D. after 19. A. left B. right C. front D. back 20. A. others B. the other C. another D. the others 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了排队在英国文化中的重要性及其历史背景。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人喜欢排队，也许除了英国人。A. British英国人；B. Chinese中国人；C. Americans美国人；D. French法国人。根据下文的“Really, we, people in Britain, have a great deal of respect for queuing.”可知，英国人喜欢排队。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管你喜不喜欢，排队对于维持秩序和防止人们互相生气是必要的。A. help帮助；B. tell告诉；C. stop阻止；D. enjoy享受。根据本句中的“Like it or not, queuing is necessary to keep order”可知，排队对于维持秩序是必要的，能够阻止人们因为插队而生气。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据“文化之旅”网站介绍，排队的起源可以追溯到19世纪初工业革命初期的英国。A. day天；B. month 月；C. year年；D. century世纪。根据本句中的“the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England”和常识可知，英国的工业革命是在19世纪初。故选D项。 【14题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着城市变得越来越大，越来越拥挤，自然开始出现排队的现象。A. luckily幸运地；B. successfully成功地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. naturally自然地。根据本句中的“As cities were getting bigger and more crowded”可知，城市变得越来越大和越来越拥挤，人们自然而然开始出现排队的现象。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们在邮局寄信或在当地商店购物等日常事务上都要排队。A. with和；B. like像；C. from从；D. to到。根据本句中的“posting letters at the post office or shopping in local shops”可知，人们排队在邮局寄信或在当地商店购物是对空格前“everyday things”的举例。故选B项。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，政府鼓励人们“尽自己的责任，等待轮到自己的机会”。A. change改变；B. use使用；C. wait等待；D. jump跳跃。根据上文的“During World War II, it became even more important to keep during hard time.”可知，在第二次世界大战期间，在困难时期保留它变得更加重要，因此政府鼓励人们排队等待轮到自己时再办理相关的事情。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在英国，在你下车之前让别人下车是很正常的。A. on登上；B. off离开；C. up向上；D. down向下。根据上文的“As a Briton myself, I have to say this is true of the British people. We like things to be orderly and we believe in showing politeness and waiting your turn. It can be found in all kinds of everyday activities.”可知，作者作为一个英国人，证实了英国人喜欢事情井然有序，日常活动中各种事情都要排队进行，因此在英国，在你下车之前让别人下车是很正常的。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦，如果你不这样做，你甚至会被大声呵斥。A. because因为；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. after在……之后。根据上文的“We like things to be orderly and we believe in showing politeness and waiting your turn. It can be found in all kinds of everyday activities. In the UK, it’s normal to let people off the bus or train before you get...”可知，英国人喜欢事情井然有序，日常活动中各种事情都要排队进行，因此在英国，在你下车之前让别人下车是很正常的，如果不这样做会得到他人的不满。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在自动扶梯上靠右站也很重要。A. left左；B. right右；C. front前；D. back后。根据下文的“walk on the left side if they are in a hurry”可知，人们在自动扶梯上要靠右站，方便有急事的人可以靠左边走。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：这样，如果别人很着急，就可以靠左边走。A. others其他人或物；B. the other其他的；C. another另一个；D. the others其他人或物 (特定范围内的)。根据上文的“It’s also very important to stand on the...on an escalator”可知，在自动扶梯上靠右站也很重要，这样，如果别人很着急，就可以靠左边走，这里的其他人为泛指意义。故选A项。 IV. 阅读理解。(41-43小题，每小题1分，44-59小题，每小题2分，共35分) 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A Rat Ox Tiger Rabbit Dragon Snake 1996, 2008, 2020 1997, 2009, 2021 1998, 2010, 2022 1999, 2021, 2023 2000, 2012, 2024 2001, 2013, 2025 Horse Goat Monkey Roster Dog Pig 2002, 2014, 2026 2003, 2015, 2027 2004, 2016, 2028 2005, 2017, 2029 2006, 2018, 2030 2007, 2019, 2031 It’s 2023 of the Gregorian calendar (公历). You may hear someone says it is the Year of the Rabbit when they talk about the lunar calendar (农历). In ancient times, in order to make people easily remember the years, our ancestors came up with an idea — use the animals represent the years. Each lunar year is named after a different animal. There are 12 animals in total, Twelve Chinese zodiac (生肖) animals come in the order of time. The Year of the Rat comes first and the Year of the Pig comes last. 21. ___________ is not in the Chinese zodiac. A. The dog B. The goat C. The cat D. The horse 22. From the Chinese zodiac, we know 1995 is the Year of the __________. A. Dragon B. Monkey C. Rat D. Pig 23. A boy student of Grade 9 was born in the Year of the Rat. He was born in __________. A. 2008 B. 2012 C. 2015 D. 2020 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了中国的十二生肖系统，并说明了每个生肖所代表的年份。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据列出的十二生肖可知，猫不在中国十二生肖中。故选C项 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据 Rat下的“1996, 2008, 2020”可知，1996年是鼠年，所以推知1995应是猪年。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。一个9年级的学生，年龄应是在16岁左后，根据 Rat下的“1996, 2008, 2020”可知，2023年上9年级的话，应是2008年出生，符合实际。故选A项。 B At the age of 24, most people are still trying to figure out their way in the world. Not for Kylian Mbappe. The Frenchman is on his way to greatness already. Mbappe became known to the world in the Russian World Cup of 2018. At that time, he was just starting out in his career. But he showed everyone that he had all of the skills of a great football player. He was the scorer of four goals then. And after only two World Cups, the young man has already scored 12 World Cup goals. Messi only has one more goal than him over the course of five World Cups. Mbappe’s performance in the 2022 World Cup final (决赛) was perfect. But the final night belonged to Argentina. Messi and his teammates performed a little bit better. Mbappe, however, is confident of his ability to make his mark in future World Cups. After all, he has just turned 24. If he remains injury-free, he should have at least two more World Cups ahead of him. After all, it’s common for players to get hurt in the field. If he plays for as long as Messi, that number will rise to three. The future is uncertain, but we know one thing for sure: Mbappe will continue to challenge himself. “I’ve never said I was going to be the greatest player in history,” said Mbappe. “But I’ve never put limits (极限) on myself.” Let’s wait for his wonderful performance in The FIFA World Cup. America\Mexico\Canada 2026. 24. Mbappe has joined in ___________ World Cups. A. two B. three C. four D. five 25. ___________ won the 2022 World Cup. A. France B. Russia C. America D. Argentina 26. The underlined word “injury-free” in Paragraph 3 probably means “___________”. A. 无忧无虑的 B. 不受损伤的 C. 信心十足的 D. 完美无缺的 27. What does the writer think of Mbappe? A. He is a great football player in Russia. B. He is too young to be the winner. C. He will become better and better. D. He doesn’t play as well as Messi. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了法国足球运动员基利安·姆巴佩（Kylian Mbappe）足球成就和他在世界杯上的表现。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Mbappe became known to the world in the Russian World Cup of 2018. At that time, he was just starting out in his career. But he showed everyone that he had all of the skills of a great football player. He was the scorer of four goals then. And after only two World Cups, the young man has already scored 12 World Cup goals.(Mbappe在2018年俄罗斯世界杯上为世界所知。那时，他的事业才刚刚起步。但他向所有人展示了他拥有一个伟大足球运动员的所有技能。当时他进了四个球。在仅仅两届世界杯之后，这个年轻人已经打进了12个世界杯进球)”可知，Mbappe参加了两节世界杯。故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Mbappe’s performance in the 2022 World Cup final (决赛) was perfect. But the final night belonged to Argentina. Messi and his teammates performed a little bit better.(Mbappe在2022年世界杯决赛中的表现堪称完美。但最后一晚属于阿根廷。梅西和他的队友们表现得更好一些)”可推知，阿根廷赢得了2022年世界杯。故选D项。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据后文“he should have at least two more World Cups ahead of him. After all, it’s common for players to get hurt in the field.(他应该至少还有两届世界杯在等着他。毕竟，球员在球场上受伤是很常见的)”可知，此处提到球员在球场上受伤是很常见，所以划线单词所在句子，应是表达“如果他没有受伤，他应该至少还有两届世界杯在等着他”之意。由此可知，划线词injury-free应是“不受损伤的”之意。故选B项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The future is uncertain, but we know one thing for sure: Mbappe will continue to challenge himself. “I’ve never said I was going to be the greatest player in history,” said Mbappe. “But I’ve never put limits (极限) on myself.” Let’s wait for his wonderful performance in The FIFA World Cup.(未来是不确定的，但我们知道一件事是肯定的：Mbappe将继续挑战自己。“我从来没有说过我会成为历史上最伟大的球员，”Mbappe说。“但我从不给自己设限。”让我们拭目以待他在世界杯上的精彩表现吧)”可推知，作者认为Mbappe会变得越来越好。故选C项。 C Is it easy for you to get angry? Do you sometimes think others treat you badly? Maybe the story below can bring you something. Rick was a young boy who was often angry at everything around him. To help Rick, his mom came home with a canvas (画布) and paint. “You are good at painting. Whenever you feel bad about something, paint it instead of getting angry,” said his mother. Though not that happy. Rick gave it a try After creating many paintings, he took his artwork to his mom. “Tell me, Rick. What are these paintings about?” his mother asked. “The first is about how some kids in my class show off (炫耀) their new clothes The next is about my teacher who always tells me about how I’m doing things wrong. And the last painting is about how one of my schoolmates said I should change my attitude (态度). They all make me so angry,” Rick replied. Rick’s mom took Rick by her side and told him, “Don’t you see, Rick? You’re getting so angry but you never try to understand why.” Then she explained carefully, “All the people you were angry with did nothing wrong. The kids were showing off their good clothes but never laughed at you for not being able to afford any. Your teacher scolded (责备) you but that was because you caused trouble in class. And your schoolmate was only trying to help you correct your mistakes.” Rick’s mom smiled and said, “Next time you get angry, take a deep breath and walk away for a couple of seconds. And when you come back, talk to the person you’re angry with. You might keep your cool in this way.” Rick took his mom’s advice and became less angry. Now he feels happy around other children. 28. Why did Rick’s mom ask him to paint? A. Because she wanted to know what would make him angry and helped him. B. Because the teacher thought painting was the best way to make Rick happy. C. Because every time Rick painted, he didn’t think about any unhappy things. D. Because only painting could keep Rick from getting angry with his friends. 29. _________ was/were not in the paintings. A. Rick’s classmates B. Rick’s teacher C. Rick’s mother D. Rick’s schoolmate 30. According to the passage, we can infer that __________. A. Rick was often angry with others B. Rick is good at painting C. the kids in Rick’s class aren’t friendly D. Rick isn’t from a rich family 31. The best title of the passage may be ____________. A. An Angry Boy B. Beautiful Paintings C. Trouble in Class D. A Sad Story 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过叙述Rick的经历和他的母亲如何帮助他控制情绪的故事，向读者传达了一个关于理解和控制愤怒情绪的道理。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Rick was a young boy who was often angry at everything around him. To help Rick, his mom came home with a canvas (画布) and paint. “You are good at painting. Whenever you feel bad about something, paint it instead of getting angry,” said his mother.(瑞克是个小男孩，经常对周围的一切都生气。为了帮助里克，他的妈妈带着画布和颜料回家。“你很擅长画画。当你对某件事感到难过时，把它画出来，而不是生气，”他的母亲说)”可知，瑞克的妈妈要他画画是因为她想知道什么会让他生气并帮助他。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““The first is about how some kids in my class show off (炫耀) their new clothes The next is about my teacher who always tells me about how I’m doing things wrong. And the last painting is about how one of my schoolmates said I should change my attitude (态度). They all make me so angry,” Rick replied.(“第一个是关于我们班的一些孩子如何炫耀他们的新衣服，第二个是关于我的老师，他总是告诉我我做错了什么。最后一幅画是关于我的一个同学说我应该改变我的态度。他们都让我很生气，”里克回答)”可知，瑞克的母亲不在画里。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Then she explained carefully, “All the people you were angry with did nothing wrong. The kids were showing off their good clothes but never laughed at you for not being able to afford any. Your teacher scolded (责备) you but that was because you caused trouble in class. And your schoolmate was only trying to help you correct your mistakes.”(然后她小心翼翼地解释说：“所有你生气的人都没有做错什么。孩子们在炫耀他们的好衣服，但从不嘲笑你买不起衣服。你的老师责备你，但那是因为你在课堂上制造麻烦。而你的同学只是想帮你改正错误。”)”可知，瑞克买不起衣服，所以可以推知瑞克家不是一个富有的家庭。故选D项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Rick was a young boy who was often angry at everything around him. To help Rick, his mom came home with a canvas (画布) and paint. “You are good at painting. Whenever you feel bad about something, paint it instead of getting angry,” said his mother.(瑞克是个小男孩，经常对周围的一切都生气。为了帮助里克，他的妈妈带着画布和颜料回家。“你很擅长画画。当你对某件事感到难过时，把它画出来，而不是生气，”他的母亲说)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个经常对周围的一切都生气男孩，所以A项“An Angry Boy(一个愤怒的男孩)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。 D For many of us, winter colds come regularly. Whatever we do, winter colds and the flu (流感) always find a way to get in, making us cough and sniffle (抽鼻子) into our scarves. In fact, when a virus (病毒) like the winter cold enters the body through the nose, the cells (细胞) in the nose start producing simple copies of themselves called extracellular vesicles, or EVs (胞外囊泡) ___32___. Recently, a team of scientists think they may have found out why we get more viruses in winter. It's because cold temperatures actually make our noses worse at fighting viruses. The scientists did tests on cells taken from the noses of human volunteers, because they wanted to find out more about how EVs fight viruses and how well they work in colder temperatures. The results showed that EVs are usually very good at catching viruses, but they don't work so well at lower temperatures. They found that in colder temperatures, the number of EVs produced decreases (减少) by more than 40%, meaning the nose might not be good at stopping viruses from getting further into the body. Benjamin Bleier, one of the study's scientists, said the results gave the first perfectly reasonable explanation for why we get more colds in the winter months. And, he said that wearing a mask in winter may not only stop some viruses from getting in, it may also help produce more of those EVs while keeping the nose a little warmer. 32. The writer begins the passage with _________. A. a story B. an example C. a fact D. a conversation 33. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ____▲____? A. EVs are viruses produced in the nose. B. They catch the viruses and kill them. C. Cells and EVs are viruses in the body. D. They stop cells coming into the body. 34. When it’s cold, EVs will _________. A. work better B. work worse C. become more D. become viruses 35. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to “________”. A. the body B. the nose C. fighting viruses D. wearing a mask 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要解释了为什么在冬天我们更容易感冒和流感，以及科学家对此研究发现。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For many of us, winter colds come regularly. Whatever we do, winter colds and the flu (流感) always find a way to get in, making us cough and sniffle (抽鼻子) into our scarves.(对我们许多人来说，冬季感冒是经常发生的。无论我们做什么，冬季感冒和流感总有办法进来，让我们用围巾捂着鼻子咳嗽)”可知，作者以一个事实开始这篇文章。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据前文“In fact, when a virus (病毒) like the winter cold enters the body through the nose, the cells (细胞) in the nose start producing simple copies of themselves called extracellular vesicles, or EVs (胞外囊泡).(事实上，当像冬季寒冷这样的病毒通过鼻子进入人体时，鼻子中的细胞开始产生简单的自我复制，称为细胞外囊泡，或EVs)”可知，此处讲述病毒进入鼻子时，鼻子会产生细胞外囊泡，所以接下来，应是细胞外囊泡的作用，所以B项“They catch the viruses and kill them.(它们捕获病毒并杀死它们)”符合文意。故选B项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The scientists did tests on cells taken from the noses of human volunteers, because they wanted to find out more about how EVs fight viruses and how well they work in colder temperatures. The results showed that EVs are usually very good at catching viruses, but they don’t work so well at lower temperatures. They found that in colder temperatures, the number of EVs produced decreases (减少) by more than 40%, meaning the nose might not be good at stopping viruses from getting further into the body.(科学家们对取自人类志愿者鼻子的细胞进行了测试，因为他们想更多地了解EVs是如何对抗病毒的，以及它们在较冷的温度下是如何工作的。结果表明，EVs通常很善于捕捉病毒，但在较低的温度下就不那么管用了。他们发现，在较低的温度下，产生的EVs数量减少了40%以上，这意味着鼻子可能无法很好地阻止病毒进一步进入人体)”可知，天气冷的时候，EVs会工作得更糟。故选B项。 【35题详解】 词句猜测题。划线代词为代词it，应是代指前文提到的东西或事情，根据前文“And, he said that wearing a mask in winter may not only stop some viruses from getting in(他说，冬天戴口罩不仅可以阻止一些病毒进入)”并结合划线词所在句句意“it may also help produce more of those EVs while keeping the nose a little warmer.(它也可能有助于生产更多的电动汽车，同时让鼻子暖和一点)”可知，此处it代指应是“戴口罩”。故选D项。 E A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste way better. Recently, a new kind of pickle, digital (电子的) pickled vegetables, is being discussed. It refers to the videos people watch while eating that make their food more delicious. The topic received more than 16 million clicks on Sina Weibo and about 100,000 people joined in the discussion. Instead of being accompanied (陪伴) by friends and family during a meal, many young people in China are watching short videos while eating. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles.” Can this habit affect your diet? According to research in 2019, you may eat more! The research team conducted the first test. They asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns(模式) on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines, and without distraction (干扰). After the test, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased the amount of food that people take in by about 15 percent. To explore (探究) the reason, the team conducted another test. They invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating, and the other listened to a clip (片段) that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less because they paid more attention to their meals. When eating with the "digital pickles," our attention can be distracted(分歧), which leads to eating more than expected. The study suggests that if you’re eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging(投入的) task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel. 36. According to the passage, a new kind of pickle is ___________. A. a kind of vegetable grown by farmers B. the videos people watch while eating C. a kind of food that is popular online D. the computer games played by children 37. How did the research team find out the truth? A. Through two tests with different people. B. By starting the discussion online. C. With the help of some Chinese volunteers. D. From people's changes of weight 38. If people who like to eat with digital pickled vegetables want to eat less than before they’d better _________. A. eat different food with digital pickled vegetables B. eat without listening to or watching anything C. eat while reading a colorful food magazine D. eat while listening to an audio clip about others eating 39. The best structure of the passage may be __________. (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章通过介绍“电子泡菜现象”建议人们如果想减少进食量，最好在吃饭时不听任何东西或看任何东西，以更专注于自己的进食过程。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“A spoonful of pickles can sometimes make a meal taste way better. Recently, a new kind of pickle, digital pickled vegetables, is being discussed. It refers to the videos people watch while eating that make their food more delicious.(一勺泡菜有时可以使一顿饭的味道更好。最近，一种新型泡菜——电子泡菜正在引起人们的热议。它指的是人们在吃饭时观看的视频，这些视频会让他们的食物更美味。)”可知，这种新的泡菜，叫做“电子泡菜”，指的是人们在吃饭时观看的视频，这些视频让他们的食物更美味。故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“According to research in 2019, you may eat more! The research team conducted the first test. (根据2019年的研究，你可能会吃得更多！研究小组进行了第一次测试。) ”和第四段的“After the test, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased the amount of food that people take in by about 15 percent.(测试结束后，研究小组发现，吃饭时分心会使人们摄入的食物量增加约15%。)”以及第五段的“To explore the reason, the team conducted another test. They invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating, and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less because they paid more attention to their meals. When eating with the "digital pickles," our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.(为了探究原因，研究小组进行了另一项测试。他们邀请了两组人：一组人一边吃东西一边听另一个人吃东西的音频片段，另一组人听一段帮助他们想象自己在吃东西的音频片段。结果显示，第二组人吃得更少，因为他们更注意自己的饮食。当吃“数字泡菜”时，我们的注意力会分散，从而导致吃得比预期的多。)”可知，研究团队通过两个实验得出了结论。第一个实验涉及62名志愿者，研究他们在不同干扰情况下的饮食模式；第二个实验则探讨了听不同音频片段对进食量的影响。因此，研究团队是通过两个不同的测试得出结论的。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The study suggests that if you're eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel.(研究表明，如果你在吃东西或喝水的时候，你的注意力被一项高度投入的任务分散了，你就不太可能分辨出你有多饱。)”可知，研究表明，当人们在吃饭时受到高度吸引的任务的干扰时，更难判断自己是否饱了，导致他们吃得更多。因此，如果人们想减少进食量，最好在吃饭时不听任何东西或看任何东西，以更专注于自己的进食过程。故选B。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段和第二段引入话题，介绍“电子泡菜”并描述这个话题在网络上的讨论热度；第三段提出研究问题，即“这种习惯会影响你的饮食吗？”并介绍第一个实验，第四段描述第一个实验结果，说明干扰会增加进食量。第五段描述第二个实验及其结果，进一步探讨注意力分散带来的影响；第六段总结研究结果，即研究表明，如果你在吃东西或喝水的时候，你的注意力被一项高度投入的任务分散了，你就不太可能分辨出你有多饱，因此如果人们想减少进食量，最好在吃饭时不听任何东西或看任何东西，以更专注于自己的进食过程。这样第一段和第二段在同一层级，第三段和第四段在同一层级，它们与第五段为并列关系，第六段为总结，因此D项能够呈现文章的结构。故选D。 V.口语应用。（每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择恰当的句子完成此对话。 A. What do you plan to do tomorrow? B. I haven’t been there for a long time. C. Would you like to go out with me? D. He is also interested in science. E. I used to be short. F. I was very shy in the past. G. At Lianglukou Subway Station at 9:00 a.m. A: Hi, Eric. Long time no see. B: Hi, Peter. It’s two years since we went to middle school. A: You have changed a lot. B: _____40_____. But I’m tall now. A: And your hair is longer than before, too. By the way, tomorrow is Sunday. _____41_____ B: Yes, of course. A: I remember you like science very much. Let’s go to the Science Museum. B: Great! _____42_____. When and where shall we meet? A: _____43_____. Let’s take the subway to go there. B: My little brother may go together with us. _____44_____ . A: Really? Brothers always like the same things. I believe he will have a nice day. B: See you then! A: See you! 【答案】40. E 41. C 42. B 43. G 44. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇对话填空。这篇文章讲述的是两位老朋友重逢，他们计划在周末一起去科学博物馆参观。 【40题详解】 根据后文“But I’m tall now.(但是我现在高了)”可知，Eric现在长得高了，过去的时候应该是矮的。E选项“I used to be short.( 我以前很矮)”符合语境。故选E。 【41题详解】 根据前文“By the way, tomorrow is Sunday.(顺便说一下，明天是星期天)”以及后文的Eric的回答“Yes, of course.(是的，当然)”可知，设空处表示明天是星期天，Peter询问Eric是否有空愿意跟他一起外出，Eric的回答是肯定的。C选项“Would you like to go out with me?(你愿意和我出去吗？)”符合语境。故选C。 【42题详解】 根据前文“Let’s go to the Science Museum.(我们去科学博物馆吧)”以及后文“Great!(很棒！)”可知，Peter提议去科学博物馆，Eric表示赞同，并且说自己已经许久未去过科学博物馆了。B选项“I haven’t been there for a long time.(我很久没去那里了)”符合语境。故选B。 【43题详解】 根据前文“When and where shall we meet? (我们什么时候在哪里见面？)”可知，此处Eric询问什么时候在哪儿见面，故Peter应该对此问题进行回答。G选项“At Lianglukou Subway Station at 9:00 a.m.(上午9点在两路口地铁站)”符合语境。故选G。 【44题详解】 根据前文“My little brother may go together with us. (我弟弟可能和我们一起去)”可知，此处提及Eric的弟弟可能和二人一同前往科学博物馆。D选项“He is also interested in science.(他对科学也很感兴趣)”中的he指代Eric的弟弟，符合语境。故选D。 第II卷（共55分） VI.任务型阅读。（66—67小题，每小题2分，68题3分，共9分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 At the opening ceremony (典礼) of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, everyone was amazed by the Malan Flower Children’s Choir (合唱团). The song moved people around the world. The choir was named after Malan Village. Deng Xiaolan taught music there for 18 years. Sadly, Deng passed away soon after this great performance, leaving behind her beloved village and the children she taught. Deng Xiaolan was born in a small village in Hebei Province in 1943. She learned the violin and singing when she was young. She joined the school band after entering Tsinghua University, and she also taught her colleagues to play the violin after graduation. She worked in Beijing until she retired(退休). In 2004, the 61-year-old woman started volunteering to teach music in Malan Village. Deng’s arrival (到来) brought changes to the children in the village. They fell in love with music. They would sing together in the morning, at noon, and at dusk (黄昏). Their beautiful voices went along with the birds’ songs and the wind through the trees. Some of the children went to college to study music and even became music teachers later. To let the children experience the beautiful views of our capital city, she even paid for their trip to Beijing. She led them to the Palace Museum, the Tiananmen Square, and so on. They opened their eyes to the outside world as well. Teaching music in the village for such a long time was not easy for Deng, but she believed that music could make children healthier and happier. “In the last 18 years of her life, mum devoted (奉献) most of her time and energy to music education for children in Malan Village, which brought her great joy and made her life more meaningful. Her hard work had a big effect even though she’s no longer with us, ” said her daughter. 45. Is Deng Xiaolan still alive? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. When did Deng Xiaolan start volunteering to teach music in Malan Village? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What changes did Deng’s arrival bring to the children? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. Do you think it’s necessary for the old people to volunteer in the way like Deng Xiaolan’s? Why or why not? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. No.##No, she isn’t. 46. In 2004. 47. The children in the village fell in love with music and they opened their eyes to the outside world as well. 48. I believe it is necessary for the elderly to volunteer in the way of Ms. Deng Xiaolan, as it can bring a sense of achievement and happiness to the elderly, while also having a positive impact on the younger generation, stimulating their interest and potential, and also helping to pass on knowledge and culture, promoting social harmony and progress. 【解析】 【45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Deng Xiaolan taught music there for 18 years. Sadly, Deng passed away soon after this great performance, leaving behind her beloved village and the children she taught.(邓小岚在那里教了18年音乐。不幸的是，邓在这次伟大的表演后不久就去世了，留下了她深爱的村庄和她教过的孩子们。)”可知，邓在这次伟大的表演后不久就去世了。所以答案是No./No, she isn’t. 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“ In 2004, the 61-year-old woman started volunteering to teach music in Malan Village.( 2004年，61岁的她开始在马兰村志愿教音乐。)”可知，2004年，61岁的她开始在马兰村志愿教音乐。故答案为In 2004. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Deng’s arrival (到来) brought changes to the children in the village. They fell in love with music.(邓的到来给村里的孩子们带来了变化。他们爱上了音乐。)”以及本段中“They opened their eyes to the outside world as well.(他们也打开了看外面世界的眼睛。)”可知，邓的到来，让村里的孩子们爱上了音乐，他们也打开了外面世界的眼睛。故答案为The children in the village fell in love with music and they opened their eyes to the outside world as well. 【48题详解】 开放式题目。根据题干“Do you think it’s necessary for the old people to volunteer in the way like Deng Xiaolan’s? Why or why not?(你认为老年人有必要像邓小岚那样做志愿者吗？为什么需要或为什么不需要？)”可知，本题目为开放式题目回答合理即可。我认为老年人像邓小兰女士那样志愿服务是有必要的，因为这可以给老年人带来成就感和快乐，同时可以对年轻一代产生积极影响，激发他们的兴趣和潜能，并且也可以帮助传承知识和文化，促进社会和谐与进步。故答案为：I believe it is necessary for the elderly to volunteer in the way of Ms. Deng Xiaolan, as it can bring a sense of achievement and happiness to the elderly, while also having a positive impact on the younger generation, stimulating their interest and potential, and also helping to pass on knowledge and culture, promoting social harmony and progress. VII.完成句子。（每空1分，共10分） 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。 49. He’s had the sweater for a long time.(改为否定句) He _________ _________the sweater for a long time. 【答案】 ①. hasn’t ②. had 【解析】 【详解】考查否定句。句意：这件毛衣他穿了很久了。→这件毛衣他已经很久没穿了。原句的谓语动词“has had”为现在完成时，变成否定句需要在has后面加not，缩写为“hasn’t”，had不变。故填①hasn’t；②had。 50. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.（对划线部分提问） _________ was Kate _________ at eight last night? 【答案】 ①. What ②. doing 【解析】 【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意：昨晚八点凯特在做什么？句子中划线部分是“reviewing her lessons”，所以提问时需要询问的是过去进行时的动作。所以用特殊疑问词“What”来询问动作，was doing构成过去进行时态。故填①What，②doing。 51. I want to know the way to communicate with my parents. (改为同义句) I _________ _________to communicate with my parents. 【答案】 ①. wonder ②. how 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和“特殊疑问词+不定式”。句意：我想知道如何与我的父母沟通。“want to know”可以使用wonder一词替换，“the way to communicate with my parents”为“与父母沟通的方法”，即“如何与父母沟通”，为“how to communicate with my parents”。故填①wonder；②how。 52. 这只熊猫见到新鲜的竹子似乎很开心。（完成译句） The panda _________ _________ when she saw the fresh bamboo. 【答案】 ①. seemed ②. happy 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和形容词。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“似乎很开心”，分析英文句子可知，主句缺少谓语，可用系动词seem意为“似乎”，根据后文的saw可知，用一般过去时，“开心”作表语译为“happy”。故填①seemed，②happy。 53. 尽你所能，你将了解你有多强大。 _________ your best, _________ you will know how strong you are. 【答案】 ①. Try ②. and 【解析】 【详解】考查祈使句和连词。根据汉语提示，表示“尽你所能”用try your best，此处构成祈使句+and+陈述句的举行，此处祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。同时第一空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故答案为Try；and。 VIII.短文填空。（每空2分，共16分） 根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 March 12th is Tree Planting Day in China. Trees are important to the earth. You can help to improve the environment and make the world a better place by planting trees. If you want to plant a tree, here are some simple _____54_____ for you to follow. Step 1: Choose the Right Kind You need to choose the right kind of trees ____55____ you plant a tree. Some kinds live better in cool or cold places, while others live better in warm or hot places. Step 2: Choose the Proper Place Once you have your tree, find a proper place for planting. Look for an area that gets plenty of sunlight and enough space for the tree to grow. What's more, the ground should be neither too wet nor too _____56_____. Avoid planting your tree too close to buildings because when the tree _____57_____, it may influence the building nearby and its roots (根) may also cause trouble. Step 3: Plant the Tree Dig a hole that is just a little wider than the root ball of the tree. Pick up rocks from the soil (土壤) because they may _____58_____ the roots. Now it's time to plant your tree. Carefully place the tree in the hole, and fill _____59_____ with some soil. Make sure to press the soil down. Don't forget to tie a stick to the tree. In this way, the tree will stand _____60_____, not leaning (倾斜) to one side. After finishing the above steps, remember to water the tree well. Step 4: Care for the Tree Continue to water the tree once a week during the first year after planting. Then the tree will get used to the new environment sooner. Cut ____61____ some old branches so that the tree will grow better the next year. In a word, planting trees is important to the health of our planet, and it's something that everyone can do. 【答案】54. steps 55. before 56. dry 57. grows 58. hurt 59. it 60. straight 61. off 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了种树的一些简单步骤。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你想种树，这里有一些简单的步骤供你遵循。根据句意和下文介绍的step1到step4可知这里是名词step，意为“步骤”，前面有some修饰，应用复数形式，故填steps。 【55题详解】 考查连词。句意：在你种树之前，你需要选择合适的树。 根据句意可知是连词before，意为“在……之前”，连接时间状语从句，故填before。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，地面不能太湿也不能太干。设空处和wet并列，并且意思相反，可知是dry，意为“干燥的”，故填dry。 【57题详解】 考查动词。句意：不要把树种植在离建筑物太近的地方，因为当树生长时，它可能会影响附近的建筑物，它的根也可能会造成麻烦。设空处为从句谓语，和句意可知是动词grow，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语the tree，谓语用第三人称单数，故填grows。 【58题详解】 考查动词。句意：把泥土里的石头捡起来，因为它们可能会伤到根。设空处为从句谓语，根据句意可知是动词hurt，接在情态动词may后，应用动词原形，故填hurt。 【59题详解】 考查代词。句意：小心地把树放在洞里，填上一些土。根据句意可知是往洞里填些土，所以设空处指代上文的the hole，应用代词it，故填it。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：这样，树就会站直，而不会向一边倾斜。根据句意可知设空处意思是直的，修饰动词stand，应用副词作状语，故填straight。 【61题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：剪掉一些老树枝，这样树明年会长得更好。短语cut off，意为“剪掉”，符合句意，故填off。 IX.书面表达。（满分20分） 62. 提升生活技能（life skills ）对青少年的学习和家庭生活及社交能力都具有促进作用，并能使其终身受益，为提高青少年对提升生活技能的关注度，New Teens杂志开展了以“The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye”为题的英语征文比赛，请你写一篇征文参赛，分享你认为最重要的生活技能。 参考生活技能类型 要求： 1.80-120词，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 参考信息： 1. 介绍最重要的生活技能； 2. 解释其重要的原因； 3. 分享其提升的方法； 4. ...... The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye Life skills are important to all of us. As a teenager, I think ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye Life skills are important to all of us. As a teenager, I think the most crucial life skill is self-management. This skill is essential because it helps us to organize our time, set goals, and prioritize tasks, which in turn enhances our efficiency and effectiveness in both learning and daily life. Self-management is important because it is particularly beneficial for students as it aids in achieving academic success and maintaining a healthy balance between studies and leisure. To improve self-management, one can start by setting clear and achievable goals. Break them down into smaller tasks and create a schedule to tackle them systematically. Additionally, regular reflection on our progress and adjusting our plans accordingly can also help in honing this skill. In conclusion, self-management is a life skill that can significantly contribute to personal growth and success. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。New Teens杂志开展了以“The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye”为题的英语征文比赛，要求考生写一篇征文参赛，分享自己认为最重要的生活技能。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：essential→significant 增强：enhance→ strengthen 维持：maintain→ keep 此外：additionally→ in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, regular reflection on our progress and adjusting our plans accordingly can also help in honing this skill. 拓展句：Additionally, regular reflection on our progress and adjusting our plans accordingly can also help in honing this skill, which can be greatly helpful to us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This skill is essential because it helps us to organize our time, set goals, and prioritize tasks, which in turn enhances our efficiency and effectiveness in both learning and daily life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To improve self-management, one can start by setting clear and achievable goals. （运用了不定式作状语） 听力答案：1~6 BABACC 7~12 AABCBC 13~16 ACBA 17~20 CBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 渝北区2023年高中指标到校招生文化测试 英 语 试 题 (全卷共九个大题。满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 注意事项： 1.试题的答案书写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。 2.作答前认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项。 3.考试结束，由监考人将试题卷和答题卡一并收回。 第I卷（共95分） I.听力测试。(共30分) 第一节(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听一遍。根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. Lucky you. B. You’re welcome. C. It doesn’t matter. 2. A. Good idea! B. What about you? C. How beautiful it is! 3. A. Sounds cool. B. Sure, I will C. Sorry, you are wrong. 4. A. A talk show. B. Yes, I do C. They are boring. 5. A. Never give up. B. Have a nice day. C. You need to have a rest. 6. A. I hope not. B. That’s all right. C.I agree with you. 第二节(每小题1.5分，共9分) 听一遍。根据你所听到的对话和问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 7. A. A dog. B. A bird. C. A cat. 8. A. Coffee B. Sugar. C. Milk 9. A. Susan. B. Jack. C. Ben. 10. A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By taxi. 11. A. Yes, she will. B. No, she won’t. C. She’s not sure. 12. A. Watch TV. B. Play computer games C. Play with his friends. 第三节(每小题1.5分，共6分) 听两遍。根据你所听到的长对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答题标号涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第13和14小题。 13. Where will the boy go to help? A. In the park. B. In the street. C. In the school. 14. What will his sister volunteer to do? A. Tell interesting stories. B. Clean up the hospital C. Visit sick children. 听第二段材料，回答第15和16小题 15.What is the girl’s last name? A. Gina B. Green. C. Black 16. When did Gina go to the library? A. This morning. B. This afternoon. C. This evening. 第四节(每小题1.5分，共6分) 听两遍。根据你所听到的短文内容，从A、B、C 三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 17. Li Hun is __________. A. a teacher B. a writer C. a student 18 The novel The Three-Body Problem is written by a __________ writer. A. Canadian B. Chinese C. Japanese 19. Li Hun is going to __________. A. have a good time B. study science in college C. go to a writing class 20. Li Hua’s speech is given __________. A on Monday B on Wednesday C. on Friday II.单项选择。(每小题1分，共10分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. Lonely Warrior is __________ popular song. Many students like it. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. You need to learn English __________ well. It’s the rule of a language. A. music B. homework C. grammar D. culture 3. —Which of these shirts would you take? — __________. One is for my son, and the other is for my husband. A. Neither B. Both C. None D. All 4. Shenzhou-15 astronauts completed their first spacewalk __________ February 10th, 2023. A. at B. in C. for D. on 5. How time flies! It will be my __________ birthday next Sunday. A. fifteenth B. the fifteenth C. fifteen D. the fifteen 6. Many buildings __________ down in Turkey (土耳其) and thousands of people died in the earthquake. A. felt B. fell C. took D. pulled 7. —Whose blue T-shirt is this? —It __________ belong to Tom. I saw him wear it yesterday. A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t 8. Few students could understand the maths problem until it __________ by Mr. Smith. A. explains B. explained C. was explained D. was explaining 9. —How is the traffic in your town? —It was bad, but now it’s much __________ with the help of the police. A bad B. good C. worse D. better 10. —Do you know __________ for Ms. Li? —In Room 201. A. whether we’ll have a surprise party B. where will we have a surprise party C. when we will have a surprise party D. where we will have a surprise party III. 完型填空。(每小题1.5分，共15分) 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑。 Waiting hours to go on a theme park ride, queuing (排队) at the post office...Nobody likes queuing, except for, perhaps, the ______11______. Really, we, people in Britain, have a great deal of respect for queuing. Like it or not, queuing is necessary to keep order and ______12______ people from getting angry with each other. But where does it come from? According to the website, Culture Trip, the origins (起源) of queuing can date back to the early 19th ______13______at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) in England. Why? As cities were getting bigger and more crowded, queues ______14______ started to happen. People queued up for everyday things ______15______ posting letters at the post office or shopping in local shops. During World War II, it became even more important to keep during hard time. So the government encouraged people to “do their duty and ______16______ their turn.” As a Briton myself, I have to say this is true of the British people. We like things to be orderly and we believe in showing politeness and waiting your turn. It can be found in all kinds of everyday activities. In the UK, it’s normal to let people off the bus or train before you get ______17______. In London, ______18______you don’t do this, you’ll even get shouted at. It’s also very important to stand on the ______19______ on an escalator (电动扶梯). In this way, _____20_____can walk on the left side if they are in a hurry. As the saying goes in the UK, “Keep calm and carry on.” 11. A. British B. Chinese C. Americans D. French 12. A. help B. tell C. stop D. enjoy 13. A. day B. month C. year D. century 14. A. luckily B. successfully C. strangely D. naturally 15. A. with B. like C. from D. to 16. A. change B. use C. wait D. jump 17. A. on B. off C. up D. down 18. A. because B. unless C. if D. after 19. A. left B. right C. front D. back 20. A. others B. the other C. another D. the others IV. 阅读理解。(41-43小题，每小题1分，44-59小题，每小题2分，共35分) 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A Rat Ox Tiger Rabbit Dragon Snake 1996, 2008, 2020 1997, 2009, 2021 1998, 2010, 2022 1999, 2021, 2023 2000, 2012, 2024 2001, 2013, 2025 Horse Goat Monkey Roster Dog Pig 2002, 2014, 2026 2003, 2015, 2027 2004, 2016, 2028 2005, 2017, 2029 2006, 2018, 2030 2007, 2019, 2031 It’s 2023 of the Gregorian calendar (公历). You may hear someone says it is the Year of the Rabbit when they talk about the lunar calendar (农历). In ancient times, in order to make people easily remember the years, our ancestors came up with an idea — use the animals represent the years. Each lunar year is named after a different animal. There are 12 animals in total, Twelve Chinese zodiac (生肖) animals come in the order of time. The Year of the Rat comes first and the Year of the Pig comes last. 21. ___________ is not in the Chinese zodiac. A. The dog B. The goat C. The cat D. The horse 22. From the Chinese zodiac, we know 1995 is the Year of the __________. A. Dragon B. Monkey C. Rat D. Pig 23. A boy student of Grade 9 was born in the Year of the Rat. He was born in __________. A. 2008 B. 2012 C. 2015 D. 2020 B At the age of 24, most people are still trying to figure out their way in the world. Not for Kylian Mbappe. The Frenchman is on his way to greatness already. Mbappe became known to the world in the Russian World Cup of 2018. At that time, he was just starting out in his career. But he showed everyone that he had all of the skills of a great football player. He was the scorer of four goals then. And after only two World Cups, the young man has already scored 12 World Cup goals. Messi only has one more goal than him over the course of five World Cups. Mbappe’s performance in the 2022 World Cup final (决赛) was perfect. But the final night belonged to Argentina. Messi and his teammates performed a little bit better. Mbappe, however, is confident of his ability to make his mark in future World Cups. After all, he has just turned 24. If he remains injury-free, he should have at least two more World Cups ahead of him. After all, it’s common for players to get hurt in the field. If he plays for as long as Messi, that number will rise to three. The future is uncertain, but we know one thing for sure: Mbappe will continue to challenge himself. “I’ve never said I was going to be the greatest player in history,” said Mbappe. “But I’ve never put limits (极限) on myself.” Let’s wait for his wonderful performance in The FIFA World Cup. America\Mexico\Canada 2026. 24 Mbappe has joined in ___________ World Cups. A. two B. three C. four D. five 25. ___________ won the 2022 World Cup. A. France B. Russia C. America D. Argentina 26. The underlined word “injury-free” in Paragraph 3 probably means “___________”. A. 无忧无虑的 B. 不受损伤的 C. 信心十足的 D. 完美无缺的 27. What does the writer think of Mbappe? A. He is a great football player in Russia. B. He is too young to be the winner. C. He will become better and better. D. He doesn’t play as well as Messi. C Is it easy for you to get angry? Do you sometimes think others treat you badly? Maybe the story below can bring you something. Rick was a young boy who was often angry at everything around him. To help Rick, his mom came home with a canvas (画布) and paint. “You are good at painting. Whenever you feel bad about something, paint it instead of getting angry,” said his mother. Though not that happy. Rick gave it a try After creating many paintings, he took his artwork to his mom. “Tell me, Rick. What are these paintings about?” his mother asked. “The first is about how some kids in my class show off (炫耀) their new clothes The next is about my teacher who always tells me about how I’m doing things wrong. And the last painting is about how one of my schoolmates said I should change my attitude (态度). They all make me so angry,” Rick replied. Rick’s mom took Rick by her side and told him, “Don’t you see, Rick? You’re getting so angry but you never try to understand why.” Then she explained carefully, “All the people you were angry with did nothing wrong. The kids were showing off their good clothes but never laughed at you for not being able to afford any. Your teacher scolded (责备) you but that was because you caused trouble in class. And your schoolmate was only trying to help you correct your mistakes.” Rick’s mom smiled and said, “Next time you get angry, take a deep breath and walk away for a couple of seconds. And when you come back, talk to the person you’re angry with. You might keep your cool in this way.” Rick took his mom’s advice and became less angry. Now he feels happy around other children. 28. Why did Rick’s mom ask him to paint? A. Because she wanted to know what would make him angry and helped him. B. Because the teacher thought painting was the best way to make Rick happy. C. Because every time Rick painted, he didn’t think about any unhappy things. D. Because only painting could keep Rick from getting angry with his friends. 29. _________ was/were not in the paintings. A. Rick’s classmates B. Rick’s teacher C. Rick’s mother D. Rick’s schoolmate 30. According to the passage, we can infer that __________. A. Rick was often angry with others B. Rick is good at painting C. the kids in Rick’s class aren’t friendly D. Rick isn’t from a rich family 31. The best title of the passage may be ____________. A. An Angry Boy B. Beautiful Paintings C. Trouble in Class D. A Sad Story D For many of us, winter colds come regularly. Whatever we do, winter colds and the flu (流感) always find a way to get in, making us cough and sniffle (抽鼻子) into our scarves. In fact, when a virus (病毒) like the winter cold enters the body through the nose, the cells (细胞) in the nose start producing simple copies of themselves called extracellular vesicles, or EVs (胞外囊泡) ___32___. Recently, a team of scientists think they may have found out why we get more viruses in winter. It's because cold temperatures actually make our noses worse at fighting viruses. The scientists did tests on cells taken from the noses of human volunteers, because they wanted to find out more about how EVs fight viruses and how well they work in colder temperatures. The results showed that EVs are usually very good at catching viruses, but they don't work so well at lower temperatures. They found that in colder temperatures, the number of EVs produced decreases (减少) by more than 40%, meaning the nose might not be good at stopping viruses from getting further into the body. Benjamin Bleier, one of the study's scientists, said the results gave the first perfectly reasonable explanation for why we get more colds in the winter months. And, he said that wearing a mask in winter may not only stop some viruses from getting in, it may also help produce more of those EVs while keeping the nose a little warmer. 32. The writer begins the passage with _________. A. a story B. an example C. a fact D. a conversation 33. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ____▲____? A. EVs are viruses produced in the nose. B. They catch the viruses and kill them. C. Cells and EVs are viruses in the body. D. They stop cells coming into the body. 34. When it’s cold, EVs will _________. A. work better B. work worse C. become more D. become viruses 35. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to “________”. A. the body B. the nose C. fighting viruses D. wearing a mask E A spoonful of pickles (泡菜) can sometimes make a meal taste way better. Recently, a new kind of pickle, digital (电子的) pickled vegetables, is being discussed. It refers to the videos people watch while eating that make their food more delicious. The topic received more than 16 million clicks on Sina Weibo and about 100,000 people joined in the discussion. Instead of being accompanied (陪伴) by friends and family during a meal, many young people in China are watching short videos while eating. Many believe that their food is more delicious with the “digital pickles.” Can this habit affect your diet? According to research in 2019, you may eat more! The research team conducted the first test. They asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns(模式) on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines, and without distraction (干扰). After the test, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased the amount of food that people take in by about 15 percent. To explore (探究) the reason, the team conducted another test. They invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to an audio clip about another person eating, and the other listened to a clip (片段) that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less because they paid more attention to their meals. When eating with the "digital pickles," our attention can be distracted(分歧), which leads to eating more than expected. The study suggests that if you’re eating or drinking while your attention is distracted by a highly engaging(投入的) task, you’re less likely to be able to tell how full you feel. 36. According to the passage, a new kind of pickle is ___________. A. a kind of vegetable grown by farmers B. the videos people watch while eating C. a kind of food that is popular online D. the computer games played by children 37. How did the research team find out the truth? A. Through two tests with different people. B. By starting the discussion online. C. With the help of some Chinese volunteers. D. From people's changes of weight 38. If people who like to eat with digital pickled vegetables want to eat less than before, they’d better _________. A. eat different food with digital pickled vegetables B. eat without listening to or watching anything C. eat while reading a colorful food magazine D. eat while listening to an audio clip about others eating 39. The best structure of the passage may be __________. (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3...) A. B. C. D. V.口语应用。（每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择恰当的句子完成此对话。 A. What do you plan to do tomorrow? B. I haven’t been there for a long time. C. Would you like to go out with me? D. He is also interested in science. E. I used to be short. F. I was very shy in the past. G. At Lianglukou Subway Station at 9:00 a.m. A: Hi, Eric. Long time no see. B: Hi, Peter. It’s two years since we went to middle school. A: You have changed a lot. B: _____40_____. But I’m tall now. A: And your hair is longer than before, too. By the way, tomorrow is Sunday. _____41_____ B: Yes, of course. A: I remember you like science very much. Let’s go to the Science Museum. B: Great! _____42_____. When and where shall we meet? A: _____43_____. Let’s take the subway to go there. B: My little brother may go together with us. _____44_____ . A: Really? Brothers always like the same things. I believe he will have a nice day. B: See you then! A: See you! 第II卷（共55分） VI.任务型阅读。（66—67小题，每小题2分，68题3分，共9分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 At the opening ceremony (典礼) of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, everyone was amazed by the Malan Flower Children’s Choir (合唱团). The song moved people around the world. The choir was named after Malan Village. Deng Xiaolan taught music there for 18 years. Sadly, Deng passed away soon after this great performance, leaving behind her beloved village and the children she taught. Deng Xiaolan was born in a small village in Hebei Province in 1943. She learned the violin and singing when she was young. She joined the school band after entering Tsinghua University, and she also taught her colleagues to play the violin after graduation. She worked in Beijing until she retired(退休). In 2004, the 61-year-old woman started volunteering to teach music in Malan Village. Deng’s arrival (到来) brought changes to the children in the village. They fell in love with music. They would sing together in the morning, at noon, and at dusk (黄昏). Their beautiful voices went along with the birds’ songs and the wind through the trees. Some of the children went to college to study music and even became music teachers later. To let the children experience the beautiful views of our capital city, she even paid for their trip to Beijing. She led them to the Palace Museum, the Tiananmen Square, and so on. They opened their eyes to the outside world as well. Teaching music in the village for such a long time was not easy for Deng, but she believed that music could make children healthier and happier. “In the last 18 years of her life, mum devoted (奉献) most of her time and energy to music education for children in Malan Village, which brought her great joy and made her life more meaningful. Her hard work had a big effect even though she’s no longer with us, ” said her daughter. 45. Is Deng Xiaolan still alive? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. When did Deng Xiaolan start volunteering to teach music in Malan Village? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What changes did Deng’s arrival bring to the children? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. Do you think it’s necessary for the old people to volunteer in the way like Deng Xiaolan’s? Why or why not? _________________________________________________________________________________________ VII.完成句子。（每空1分，共10分） 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。 49. He’s had the sweater for a long time.(改为否定句) He _________ _________the sweater for a long time. 50. Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night.（对划线部分提问） _________ was Kate _________ at eight last night? 51. I want to know the way to communicate with my parents. (改为同义句) I _________ _________to communicate with my parents. 52. 这只熊猫见到新鲜的竹子似乎很开心。（完成译句） The panda _________ _________ when she saw the fresh bamboo. 53. 尽你所能，你将了解你有多强大。 _________ your best, _________ you will know how strong you are. VIII.短文填空。（每空2分，共16分） 根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。 March 12th is Tree Planting Day in China. Trees are important to the earth. You can help to improve the environment and make the world a better place by planting trees. If you want to plant a tree, here are some simple _____54_____ for you to follow. Step 1: Choose the Right Kind You need to choose the right kind of trees ____55____ you plant a tree. Some kinds live better in cool or cold places while others live better in warm or hot places. Step 2: Choose the Proper Place Once you have your tree, find a proper place for planting. Look for an area that gets plenty of sunlight and enough space for the tree to grow. What's more, the ground should be neither too wet nor too _____56_____. Avoid planting your tree too close to buildings because when the tree _____57_____, it may influence the building nearby and its roots (根) may also cause trouble. Step 3: Plant the Tree Dig a hole that is just a little wider than the root ball of the tree. Pick up rocks from the soil (土壤) because they may _____58_____ the roots. Now it's time to plant your tree. Carefully place the tree in the hole, and fill _____59_____ with some soil. Make sure to press the soil down. Don't forget to tie a stick to the tree. In this way, the tree will stand _____60_____, not leaning (倾斜) to one side. After finishing the above steps, remember to water the tree well. Step 4: Care for the Tree Continue to water the tree once a week during the first year after planting. Then the tree will get used to the new environment sooner. Cut ____61____ some old branches so that the tree will grow better the next year. In a word, planting trees is important to the health of our planet, and it's something that everyone can do. IX.书面表达。（满分20分） 62. 提升生活技能（life skills ）对青少年的学习和家庭生活及社交能力都具有促进作用，并能使其终身受益，为提高青少年对提升生活技能的关注度，New Teens杂志开展了以“The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye”为题的英语征文比赛，请你写一篇征文参赛，分享你认为最重要的生活技能。 参考生活技能类型 要求： 1.80-120词，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 参考信息： 1. 介绍最重要的生活技能； 2. 解释其重要的原因； 3. 分享其提升的方法； 4. ...... The Most Important Life Skill in My Eye Life skills are important to all of us. As a teenager, I think ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1~6 BABACC 7~12 AABCBC 13~16 ACBA 17~20 CBBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$