UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ（课件PPT)- 【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT UNIT 1 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 默写练习(一) 课文研读·发展思维品质 目 录 Contents 要点自查(一) 语基输入·助力语言输出 课时作业(一) 默写练习(一) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 课文研读·发展思维品质 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 committed with was appointed 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 using finally failures which has saved 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 an to be spread 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 课时作业(一)　阅读专项 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 语基输入·助力语言输出 1 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 to/for (should) carry 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 it's vital that you (should) mind your table manners/it's vital to mind your table manners 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 to go abroad to be studying to have been abroad It was reported that 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 2 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 himself commitment 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 Committed to protecting the environment from being polluted Committing itself to protecting the environment from being polluted 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 3 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 distinct distinction distinctive distinct 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 4 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 obtained numerous awards To obtain good grades 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 5 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 感谢 致意；打招呼 认可 告知收悉 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 obtaining/having obtained 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 in acknowledgement of your help is generally acknowledged to be It is generally acknowledged that 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 a was defeated 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 Learning that you have defeated all the other competitors 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 6 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 As is apparently shown in It is apparent that Apparently 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 7 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 (should) leave was (should) take 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 8 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 Upon/On their return to the country Upon/On returning to the country 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 As soon as they returned to the country The moment they returned to the country 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 9 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 It is an honour for me to represent it's a good idea to pair up 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 It's urgent for students themselves 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 要点自查(一) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 教材助读1 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology<1> or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner<2>), ①whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin<3>， ②a crucial<4> new treatment for malaria<5>．Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of<6> lives, and has led to improved<7> health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it.Artemisinin has become a vital<8> part of the treatment for malaria, and ③is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. ①此处是非限制性定语从句，其先行词是Tu Youyou，whose在从句中作research的定语。 ②a crucial new treatment for malaria作同位语，解释说明artemisinin的具体内容。 ③be thought to do sth被认为是做某事，是句型It is thought that…的变形。 Tu Youyou, ④a committed<9> and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo，China，on 30 December 1930，and graduated from<10> Peking University Medical School in 1955.After she graduated，she worked at the China Academy<11> of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective<12> of discovering a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among ⑤the first researchers chosen.In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ⑥where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.In 1969, she became the head of<13> the project in Beijing, and decided to review<14> ancient Chinese medical texts ⑦to find traditional botanical<15> treatments for the disease.Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated<16> 280,000 plants for their medical properties<17>．From their research，they discovered and tested 380 distinct<18> ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise<19> in the fight against malaria. ④a committed and patient scientist是Tu Youyou的同位语。 ⑤过去分词chosen作后置定语修饰the first researchers。 ⑥此处where引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词Hainan在定语从句中作地点状语。 ⑦不定式短语作目的状语。 One medical text from the fourth century suggested<20> using the extract<21> from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu's team tested a collection of<22> dried wormwood<23> leaves but found no effect.⑧They then tried boiling<24> fresh wormwood, and using the liquid<25> obtained<26> from this to treat malaria，but this did not work<27> either.Their project got stuck<28>. However，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge <29> defeat<30>．She analysed<31> the medical texts again, and by chance<32>， she found one sentence ⑨suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently<33> destroyed its medical properties.⑪Using a lower temperature to draw out<34> the extract, she found a substance<35> that worked.After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted<36> on testing the medicine on themselves ⑫to make sure that it was safe.Later，the medicine was tested on malaria patients, ⑬most of whom recovered.This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. ⑧并列的动名词短语作宾语；过去分词短语作定语。 ⑨现在分词短语作定语，修饰one sentence。 ⑩that引导宾语从句，其中boiling the sweet wormwood是动名词短语作从句的主语。 ⑪现在分词短语作方式状语，状语中动作use由句子逻辑主语she发出。 ⑫不定式短语作目的状语，其中that it was safe是宾语从句。 ⑬most of whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词patients。 According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort<37>．Upon<38> hearing ⑭that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine<39>．It is indeed an honour ⑮for China's scientific<40> research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” ⑭that引导宾语从句，其中had been awarded是过去完成时的被动语态形式。 ⑮此处为不定式的复合结构，在该句中作真正的主语，it作形式主语。 <1>physiology/ˌfIziˈɒlədʒi/n.生理学；生理机能 <2>co-winner n．共同获奖者 ※co-此处是名词前缀，表示“一起；共同；联合”。 <3>artemisinin /ˌɑːtIˈmiːsInIn/n. [药]青蒿素 <4>crucial/ˈkruːʃl/adj.至关重要的；关键性的 <5>malaria/məˈleəriə/n.疟疾 <6>hundreds of thousands of几十万；无数 <7>improved adj.改进的 <8>vital/ˈvaItl/adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 <9>committed/kəˈmItId/adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 ※commit/kəˈmIt/vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) <10>graduate from毕业于(……学校) <11>academy/əˈkædəmi/n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 ※academic/ˌækəˈdemIk/adj.学业的；学术的 <12> objective/əbˈdʒektIv/n.目标；目的 adj.客观的 <13>the head of……的负责人 <14>review vt.复阅；复查 <15>botanical/bəˈtænIkl/adj.植物学的 <16>evaluate/IˈvæljueIt/vt.评价；评估 <17>property/ˈprɒpəti/n.性质；特征；财产 <18>distinct/dIˈstIŋkt/adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 <19>promise n．获得成功的迹象[熟词生义] <20>suggest doing sth建议做某事 <21>extract/ˈekstrækt/n.提取物；摘录 /Ikˈstrækt/vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 易混：exact adj.精确的；准确的 <22>a collection of一批，一些 <23>wormwood/ˈwɜːmwʊd/n.蒿；洋艾, <24>boil/bɔIl/vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点 ※boiling adj.炽热的，很热的 <25>liquid/ˈlIkwId/n.液体 adj.液体的；液态的 ※solid n．固体 <26>obtain/əbˈteIn/vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 <27>work vi.起作用[熟词生义] <28>get stuck被卡住 <29>acknowledge/əkˈnɒlIdʒ/vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 <30>defeat/dIˈfiːt/n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 <31>analyse (NAmE-ze)/ˈænəlaIz/vt.分析 ※analysis n．分析 <32>by chance偶然；意外地 <33>apparently/əˈpærəntli/adv.显而易见；看来；显然 <34>draw out抽出；取出 <35>substance/ˈsʌbstəns/n.物质；物品；事实根据 <36>insist/InˈsIst/vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求 ※insist on坚决要求 <37>team effort团队努力(的结果) <38>upon(＝on) prep. 一……就…… <39>traditional Chinese medicine中医 <40>scientific/ˌsaIənˈtIfIk/adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的 屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖 2015年10月6日 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促成了青蒿素的发现，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。青蒿素挽救了数十万人的生命，改善了数百万人的健康状况。全世界每年有2亿多人罹患疟疾，约60万人死于疟疾。青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据信仅在非洲每年它就能挽救10万人的生命。 屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后，她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索疟疾新疗法为目标的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员之一。一开始，屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者，在那里疟疾更常见。1969年，她成为北京项目的负责人，并决定复阅中国古代医学文献，以寻找这种疾病的传统的植物疗法。她的团队查阅了2 000多本古老的医学文献，并对28万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。在研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，这些疗法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。 一本四世纪的医学文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试了一批干青蒿叶，但发现没有效果。然后，他们尝试把新鲜的青蒿煮沸，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。他们的计划陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。她再次分析了医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，这句话建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。她得出结论，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。用较低的温度提取后，她发现了一种有效的物质。在失败了190多次之后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 屠呦呦说，青蒿素的发现是一个团队努力(的结果)。当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一支团队，还有我的国家的全体人民。这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。” Ⅰ.明主旨大意 What's the main idea of the passage? A．Tu Youyou's problems in discovering artemisinin. B．Introduction about Tu's research team. C．Behind Tu Youyou's Nobel Prize and its value. D．Tu Youyou's personal life. 答案 C Ⅱ.绘层次结构 Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．Tu Youyou's evaluation of the award. Para.2 B．Tu Youyou won Nobel Prize. Para.3 C．The introduction about Tu Youyou and her team. Para.4 D．How artemisinin was discovered. 答案 Paras.1～4　BCDA Read the text (P2～3), then choose the best answer. 1．Why did Tu Youyou win Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine? A．Because she saved millions of people around the world. B．Because she discovered artemisinin which has saved hundreds of thousands of lives. C．Because she formed a team to discover a new treatment for malaria. D．Because she tested countless wormwood and was not afraid of failure. 答案 B 2．What can be inferred according to the last paragraph? A．Tu Youyou is a very modest person. B．Tu Youyou takes great pride in herself. C．Tu Youyou made traditional Chinese medicine spread. D．Tu Youyou was surprised at the great prize. 答案 A 3．How artemisinin was discovered by Tu Youyou's research team? A．They reviewed ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments. B．They discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. C．They drew out the extract from wormwood using a lower temperature and failed over 190 times. D．They tested a collection of dried and fresh wormwood. 答案 C 4．Where does this text probably come from? A．A TV interview.　 B．A medical report. C．A book review. D．A newspaper. 答案 D Ⅰ.解决长难句 1. [翻译]　青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要部分，据信仅在非洲它每年就能挽救10万人的生命。 2. [翻译]　在研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，这些疗法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。 3. [翻译]　她用较低的温度获得提取物，从而发现了一种有效的物质。 Ⅱ.课文语法填空 Tu Youyou, a 1._____________(commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo on 30 December 1930.After graduating from Peking University Medical School, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.She joined a team of scientists 2.________ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria in 1967.Two years later, she 3.____________(appoint) head of the project and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. One medical text from the fourth century suggested 4. _______(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu's team did experiment after experiment and 5.______ (final) found a substance by lowering the temperature to draw out the extract.After many6.____________(failure), they at last found artemisinin, 7.________ soon became a standard treatment for malaria and 8.___________(save) hundreds of thousands of lives worldwide.For this, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort, and it was indeed 9.____ honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine 10._____________ (spread) around the world. (教材P2)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据信仅在非洲它每年就能挽救10万人的生命。 vital　adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 (联想：crucial/major/chief) be vital for/to　　　　　 对……极为重要 be of vital importance (to) (对……)至关重要 It is vital that sb should do sth. 某人做某事是十分重要的。 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要。 [提示] 在It is vital/necessary/important…that…(should) do sth句式中should可以省略。 [助记] To well protect and inherit the world's cultural and natural heritage is of vital importance to the continuity of human civilization and the sustainable development of the world. 保护好、传承好世界文化和自然遗产对人类文明赓续和世界可持续发展至关重要。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Enough sleep is vital _______ the students' well-being and health. (2)It's vital that we ______________ (carry) out the operation immediately. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 Besides, ______________________________________ ______________________________________ in China when you attend a dinner party. 句型公式：sb/sth＋be＋过去分词＋to do ①“sb/sth＋be＋过去分词＋to do”意为“据……某人/某物做……”，可与“It's＋过去分词＋that…”互换。常用于此句型的动词过去分词有said, thought, believed, hoped, considered, known, proved, reported等。 ②“sb/sth＋be＋过去分词＋to do”常见以下几种形式： sb/sth＋be＋过去分词＋ (2024·1月浙江)A woman is believed to have broken her leg after a tree fell on her car.据悉，一名女士在一棵树砸到她的车后腿部受伤了。 [习作练笔]——补全句子/句型转换 (4)据说，主席先生下个月会出国。 Mr Chairman is said ________________ next month. (5)据说，主席先生现在正在国外学习。 Mr Chairman is said __________________ abroad now. (6)据说，主席先生已经出国三次了。 Mr Chairman is said ___________________ three times. (7)She was reported to be awarded the medal. →_____________________ she was awarded the medal. (教材P2)Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist，was born in Ningbo，China，on 30 December 1930… 屠呦呦，一位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波…… committed　adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 ①commit vt.承诺；保证；犯(罪或错等)；投入 (钱、时间、人力等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) ②commitmentn.承诺；奉献；投入 make a commitment to (doing) sth承诺/保证做某事 ①The local government has committed large amounts of money to housing projects. 当地政府在住宅项目上投入了大量资金。 ②(2024·1月浙江)Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory.伊娃发现在这么大的一栋楼里到处走是不可能的。所有不同的走廊和房间都让人难以想象，更不用说记忆了。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Huang Danian committed _______(he) to his research in geophysics. (2)The company's _____________(commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. [习作练笔]——一句多译 (3)致力于保护环境免受污染，政府已经采取了许多有效的措施。 ①_____________________________________________________________, the government has taken many effective measures.(形容词短语作状语) ②________________________________________________________________, the government has taken many effective measures.(现在分词短语作状语) (教材P2)From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. 在研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，这些疗法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。 distinct　adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 (联想：obvious/apparent/evident) ①It is distinct that…很明显…… be distinct from…(in…) (在……方面)与……不同 ②distinctive adj.与众不同的 ③distinction n．差别；区分；优秀；特质 make a distinction between…and… 对……和……加以区分 Philosophers didn't use to make a distinction between arts and science. 哲学家们过去并不对艺术和科学进行区分。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)It is _________ that we should make a ___________ between the two cases.(distinct) (2)(2023·全国乙改编)Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find ___________(distinct) character in the hills or lakes. [习作练笔]——词汇升级 (3)Those two ideas are quite different from each other.(升级加黑词汇)____________ (教材P2)They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. 然后，他们尝试把新鲜的青蒿煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。 obtain　vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 obtain knowledge/one's degree　获得知识/学位 obtain…from… 从……获得…… The longer this situation obtains, the more extensive the problems become.这种局面持续的时间越长，问题波及的范围就越广。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)她全身心投入排球中，因此，她获得了很多荣誉。 She was committed to volleyball and as a result, she ____________________________. (2)为了拿到高分，你背负了巨大压力。 _______________________，you are under too much pressure. (教材P2)However，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。 acknowledge 　vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢；告知收悉；(以微笑、挥手等)致意 (联想：admit) [语义感知]——写出下列句中acknowledge的含义 (1)Doran stuck his head out of the window to acknowledge the cheering.______ (2)I was standing right next to her, but she didn't even acknowledge me.______________ (3)The man is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world.______ (4)All applications will be acknowledged.________ It is widely/generally/universally acknowledged that………是大家公认的。 ②acknowledgementn.承认；感谢 in acknowledgement of…以感谢……；以承认…… It is universally acknowledged that childhood education is of vital importance to a man's growth. 人们普遍认为童年教育对于个人成长至关重要。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (5)In the end, he acknowledged ___________________ __________(obtain) his father's financial support. [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (6)(感谢信)为了感谢您的帮助，我们给您邮寄一份漂亮的礼物。 We are sending you a beautiful gift _________________ ________________. (7)她是世界上公认的最卓越的钢琴家之一。 ①She ______________________________ one of the greatest pianists in the world. ②_________________________________ she is one of the greatest pianists in the world. defeat　n．失败；挫败　vt.击败；战胜 (联想：beat/win) (以文助写)Barriers to success can't defeat us.Instead, they can only make us stronger. 通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让我们更强大。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (8)With his new novel turned down, the novelist has suffered _____ serious defeat. (9)The visiting team ________________(defeat) by our women football team last night, which made our fans excited and proud. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (10)听说你在比赛中击败了其他所有的竞争对手，我写信向你表示祝贺。 ______________________________________________in the contest, I am writing to congratulate. (教材P2)She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她得出结论，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。 apparently　adv.显而易见；看来；显然 (联想：obviously/evidently) ①As is apparently shown in the picture/passage above…　 正如上面图画/文中所明显展示的那样…… ②apparent adj.显然的；表面上的 It is apparent/obvious/evident (to sb) that… (对某人来说)显然…… (2023·1月浙江读后续写) I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years.我把车停在农场外面，走过一座显然已经很多年没用过的挤奶房。 [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (1)正如上面图画所明确显示的那样，大约10%的学生支持这种观点。 __________________________the picture above, there are about 10% students supporting the idea. (2)显然，他陷入了沉思。 ①__________________ he was lost in thought. ②_____________，he was lost in thought. (教材P3)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。 insist 　vi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求(联想：demand) ①“insist(坚决要求/主张) that…”，从句用虚拟语气； ②“insist(坚持说/认为) that…”，从句用陈述语气； ③insist on doing sth坚持做某事 He insisted (that) he hadn't done anything wrong and that he should be set free.他坚持认为自己没有做错任何事，坚决要求被释放。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)His parents insisted that they _______________(leave) enough space for children. (2)The boy insisted that he _______(be) healthy, but his parents insisted that he _______________(take) the medicine. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ读后续写)大卫坚持跑步，就像忘记了自己的所有弱点一样，尽管他在几千米内就被绊倒了。 David ________________________________________ _____________, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers. (教材P3)Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said，… 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说…… 句型公式：upon/on doing…当……时；一……就…… ①介词upon/on后面可以跟动名词或名词作宾语，构成介宾短语，用作时间状语，意为“当……时；一……就……”，表示一件事紧接着另一件事而发生。可以转换为as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 ②表示“一……就……”的常用词(组)有：directly/instantly/immediately, as soon as, hardly…when…， no sooner…than…， the moment/second/instant等。 Upon/On thinking of the wolf's bloody mouth, Mac was nearly dead with fright. ＝The moment he thought of the wolf's bloody mouth, Mac was nearly dead with fright. 一想到那只狼的血盆大口，马克几乎吓晕过去。 [习作练笔]——一句多译 一回到祖国，女足就收到了赞扬和鲜花。 ①_________________________________，the women's football team received praise and flowers.(upon/on＋n.) ②_________________________________，the women's football team received praise and flowers.(upon/on＋doing) ③_________________________________，the women's football team received praise and flowers.(as soon as) ④_________________________________，the women's football team received praise and flowers.(the moment) (教材P3)It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。 句型公式：It is an honour for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是一种荣幸。 “It is an honour for sb to do sth”中it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。其同义表达为“It is one's honour to do sth”。it作形式主语的常用句式： ①It＋be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported…)＋that从句； ②It＋be＋形容词(strange, important, vital, necessary, obvious, possible…)＋that从句； ③It＋be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, a good idea, no wonder…)＋that从句 I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it's my honour to show you around Beijing when that day comes.我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现，当那一天到来时，带你参观北京是我的荣幸。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)对我来说，代表班级参加这次竞赛是一种荣幸。 ________________________________ my class to take part in the competition. (2)(2023·新高考Ⅰ写作)我认为课后随机配对学生进行英语口语训练不是一个好主意。 I don't think __________________________students randomly for the spoken English training after class. (3)(2022·全国乙书面表达)学生自己迫切需要提高自律性。 _____________________________________to improve their self-discipline. $$