UNIT 3 Period Two Part Ⅱ Grammar—Relative Clauses(4)（课件PPT)- 【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

CONSERVATION UNIT 3 Period Two　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Part Ⅱ　Grammar—Relative Clauses(4)—Defining and Non-defining Clauses 知识总览　领悟语法精髓 语法慧学　提升语言能力 目 录 Contents 课时作业(十二) 随堂演练　核心素养落实 知识总览　领悟语法精髓 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 2、4、6、8 5 1、3、7、10 9 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 语法慧学　提升语言能力 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 随堂演练　核心素养落实 who/whom/that where that/which 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) where why As that 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) when who whom 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) which surprised his parents who lost their lives 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) where they saw many famous artists' paintings As is known to us all 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) why he didn't come to school as usual whose houses had burned down 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 课时作业(十二) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第一册(BS) 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题 1．Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth's history. 2．In fact, over 90 percent of all species that ever lived are now extinct. 3．In the last 500 million years, there have been five times when life on Earth has almost ended. 4．These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, which killed 90% to 96% of all species. 5．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. 6．A 2015 study by scientists who were based at Brown University and Duke University in the US, looked at how quickly species die out due to natural causes, that is, the “background extinction rate”． 7．There is a long list of reasons why so many species are dying out: air and water pollution, forests being destroyed, factory farming and overfishing. 8．If a sixth mass extinction occurs, scientists who have studied the issue believe that up to three quarters of all species on Earth could die out. 9．This would mean we have to significantly change the way we live. 10．For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. 定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词引导的定语从句有句___________；“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句有句_____；关系副词引导的定语从句有句____________；the way作先行词，定语从句缺状语用that或者in which 或者省略关系词，如句_____。 一、定语从句的种类 根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 1．限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。 This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday. 这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。 The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amy's English teacher. 在地震中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。 2．非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。 He is English, which I know from his accent. 他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。 (2022·新高考Ⅱ)Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. 多年来一直下降的交通事故现在急剧上升。 二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较 1．形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。 (2022·全国甲)It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn't been on the stage here.很难说出哪位喜剧明星没有在这里登台过。(限制性定语从句) (2022·北京)We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.我们可能没有任何疾病，但体质仍然弱，这随时可能成为病毒(攻击)的目标。(非限制性定语从句) 2．先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。试比较： This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词是novel) The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定语从句，先行词为novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited. 那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容) 3．关系词的使用情况不同 (1)that, why不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，指物时要用which代替that, for which代替why。 (2024·1月浙江写作)Lastly, it promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is essential for overall well-being. 最后，它促进健康和积极的生活方式，这对整体健康至关重要。 I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind. 我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。 (2)关系代词替代情况不同 ①关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who代替。 This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句) The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress. 这位年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。(非限制性定语从句) ②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。 (2024·1月浙江读后续写)Her efforts were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking. 老师注意到了她的努力，称赞了她的创新思维。 (3)关系代词省略情况不同 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。 This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago.这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句) (2022·全国甲写作)World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation. 6月8日是世界海洋日，旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。(非限制性定语从句) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The boy _________________ I thought to be honest lied to me. 2．This is the room _________ my grandma used to live. 3．This is the room ______________ my grandma used to live in. 4．(2023·北京)Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, _________ thousands were attending a water conference. 5．This was the reason ______ he took apart the machine. 6．______ is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 7．(2022·新高考Ⅱ)We need something on the books ________ can change people's behavior. 8．Do you still remember the summer holiday ________ we made a journey to Beijing? 9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ)I looked around and finally spotted David, _______ was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. 10．When walking down the street, I came across David, ________I hadn't seen for years. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．他又没通过考试，这让他的父母很吃惊。 He failed in the exam again,_______________________. 2．你知道在交通事故中丧生的人数吗？ Do you know the number of people _________________ in the traffic accident? 3．他们去了大英博物馆，在那里他们看到了许多著名艺术家的画作。 They went to the British Museum, __________________ _________________________________. 4．众所周知，书籍是知识的源泉。 _________________________, books are the source of knowledge. 5．我不知道他为什么没有照常来学校。 I don't know the reason __________________________ _______________. 6．那些房屋被烧毁的居民得到了政府的帮助。 The residents, _____________________________, were given help by the government. $$