WEICOME UNIT Section Ⅲ（课件PPT)- 【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

WEICOME UNIT Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 语法慧学·提升语言能力 目 录 Contents 课时作业(二) 语基输入·助力语言输出 语法慧学·提升语言能力 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词 代词 数词 动词-ing短语 动词不定式短语 be后的名词短语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 实义动词 动词短语 助动词 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词短语 间接宾语 直接宾语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词 形容词 动词-ing短语 介词短语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 形容词 动词不定式短语 介词短语 现在分词 过去分词 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 形容词 名词 动词不定式短语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 介词短语 时间 副词 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词 that从句 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 不及物 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 主语　 谓语 F T 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 及物 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 √ √ × 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 My father promised to buy me a cellphone. My hobbies include traveling and swimming. 她鼓励所有年龄段的人。 你知道他什么时候去北京的吗？ 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词 形容词 介词短语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 主语 系动词 形容词作表语 they felt very excited 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 名词 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 some information to me/offer me some information offer 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 形容词 动词-ing 动词不定式 短语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 His father told him not to play in the street. We all hear him read English aloud every morning. 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 副词 从句 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 状语　 主语 谓语 I will work hard 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 及物动词 名词 从句 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 状语 主语 谓语 宾语 make more friends through face to face communication 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 主语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 there might be more work There are some activities 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 表语 主语 宾语补足语 宾语补足语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 定语 宾语 宾语 主语 状语 状语 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 S＋V＋O＋OC S＋V＋A There be句型 S＋V＋IO＋DO S＋V＋O＋ OC S＋V＋ P 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 The accident happened yesterday afternoon. The next day, we set off early in the morning. He has refused to help them. 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 The local people are all friendly. I told him that the bus was late. We will make them happy. The activity left us a deep impression. There are 24 girls and 30 boys in our class. 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 语基输入·助力语言输出 1 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 to see receiving on/upon 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 课时作业(二)　语言运用专项 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 句子基本结构 一、句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分有主要成分与次要成分之分。主要成分是主语和谓语，次要成分有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 1．主语(Subject) 【感知】 ①(教材P3)An exchange student is talking to a teacher on campus. ②(教材P4)I want to make a good first impression. ③Seven-tenths of the earth surface is covered with water. ④(教材P8)Dancing and skating are my hobbies… ⑤To see is to believe. ⑥There is a full range of activities for children. 【发现】 ①______作主语 ②______作主语 ③______作主语 ④____________作主语 ⑤_______________作主语 ⑥there be句型中____________________作主语 【阐释】 主语表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象，是句子叙述的主体。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动词-ing(短语)和从句等皆可作主语。 [即时训练1]——标出下列句中的主语 (1)To protect ocean is to protect ourselves. (2)On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. (3)Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. (4)No one can change your mind, except yourself. (5)I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming. (6)It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. 2．谓语(Predicate) 【感知】 ①(教材P3)A boy meets a girl during a break. ②(教材 P4)I couldn't concentrate on the experiment. ③(教材P4)I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all. 【发现】 ①________作谓语 ②情态动词＋________作谓语 ③_______＋动词作谓语 【阐释】 谓语放在主语之后，说明主语所做的动作或所处的状态，由动词或动词短语充当。 [即时训练2]——标出下列句中的谓语 (1)A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. (2)For example, garbage can't be thrown into ocean. (3)He had worked so hard for this event! 3．宾语(Object) 【感知】 ①(教材P4)I just had my first maths class at senior high school! ②(教材P6)Tim writes his parents an email every week… 【发现】 ①________作宾语 ②his parents是________；email是________ 【阐释】 宾语放在动词或介词后，表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者。 [即时训练3]——标出下列句中的宾语 (1)I parked my car outside the farm. (2)David had decided to join the cross-country team. (3)Only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology. 4．表语(Predicative) 【感知】 ①(教材P5)Tian Hua is a new student at a school in America. ②(教材P4)I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all. ③One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫)． ④(教材P5)She is in Grade 10! 【发现】 ①______作表语 ②_______作表语 ③____________作表语 ④________作表语 【阐释】 表语放在系动词后，来说明主语的身份、特征和状态。 [即时训练4]——标出下列句中的表语 (1)I am on the road. (2)But the hardest part for me is that I got an injury… (3)It feels great to have done something useful. (4)My goal is to help my students develop awareness of their strengths, weaknesses, and learning needs. 5．宾语补足语(Object complement) 【感知】 ①(教材P4)I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. ②(教材P4)I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet… ③As a senior 3 student, the great pressure from study made me nearly out of breath. ④I have never seen her dancing. ⑤He was very happy to see the work finished. 【发现】 ①_______作宾语补足语 ②_________________作宾语补足语 ③________作宾语补足语 ④________作宾语补足语 ⑤________作宾语补足语 【阐释】 宾语补足语放在宾语后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 [即时训练5]——标出下列句中的宾语补足语 (1)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful. (2)I shouldn't allow my stuttering(口吃) to stand between me and my success. (3)I saw you standing outside. (4)I find it difficult to work out the problem. 6．定语(Attribute) 【感知】 ①(教材P4)He even told us a funny story… ②(教材P4)This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. ③Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. 【发现】 ①_______作定语 ②______作定语 ③______________作定语 【阐释】 定语是指修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的修饰成分。单个词作定语多放在被修饰部分的前面，但由多个词构成的定语部分则通常放在被修饰部分的后面。 [即时训练6]——标出下列句中的定语 (1)The book to read this evening is written by Lu Xun. (2)These are apple trees. (3)Have you seen the tall building? 7．状语(Adverbial) 【感知】 ①(教材 P5) She is studying at an American high school for one year. ②(教材P5)She did not feel confident at all when she arrived. ③I'm very pleased to see you. 【发现】 ①________作状语 ②when引导的从句作______状语 ③______作状语 【阐释】 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫作状语。状语的位置非常灵活：修饰形容词、副词时通常放在被修饰词之前；通常在句子的基本结构之后，强调时放在句首。 [即时训练7]——标出下列句中的状语 (1)He is making a model plane in the room. (2)I'll be back in a while. (3)He went home to see his old parents. (4)Luckily, the dog was saved. 8．同位语(Appositive) 【感知】 ①We students should study hard. ②The news that he had passed the exam delighted his mother. 【发现】 ①______作同位语 ②__________作同位语 【阐释】 对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位语。同位语常常置于被说明的词之后。 [即时训练8]——标出下列句中的同位语 (1)Li Hua, a student, lives in Beijing. (2)I have no idea when he will be back. 二、八种基本句式结构 句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来。 1．主谓结构(SV)：主语＋谓语(不及物动词) 【感知】 ①I ┃ looked around. ②A full moon ┃ rose. ③Among the distant dark clouds, lightning ┃ flashed. ④The patient's condition ┃ is improving. 【发现】 此类结构的谓语动词(短语)是_______动词(短语)。 【阐释】 该结构中的谓语动词为不及物动词(短语)，故其后不能直接接宾语，也没有被动语态。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。常见的不及物动词(短语)有：rise, matter, begin, come, go, happen，last, appear, work, come true, take place等。 [即时训练1]——分析句子成分/判断正(T)误(F) (1) The writing lecture┃had just begun. (2)His home ┃ broke out a fire last night.(　 　) (3)A fire ┃ broke out in his home last night.(　 　) 2．主谓宾结构(SVO)：主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语 【感知】 ①Last Sunday, our school ┃ held ┃ a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity. ②I ┃ don't care about ┃ the gold. ③You ┃ should not give up ┃ taking part in the match. ④I ┃ offered ┃ to do the rest work of our project. ⑤Ralph Emerson ┃ once said ┃ that the purpose of life is not to be happy. 【发现】 该句型的谓语动词(短语)是一个______动词(短语)。句①②宾语是名词；句③宾语是动词-ing短语；句④宾语是动词不定式短语；句⑤宾语是从句。 【阐释】 该结构中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语，一般有被动语态。用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词-ing或从句等。 [提示] 在“动词＋介词”的动词短语中，宾语只能接在介词之后；在“动词＋副词”的动词短语中，作宾语的名词放于副词前后皆可，作宾语的代词只能放在副词之前。 [ ]Please wake Li Ling up (＝wake up Li Ling) at 6：30 in the morning. [ ]Please wake her up at 6：30 in the morning. [ ]Please wake up her at 6：30 in the morning. [即时训练2]——英汉互译 (1)父亲答应要给我买一部手机。 ______________________________________________ (2)我的爱好包括旅游和游泳。 ______________________________________________ (3)She encourages people of all ages. ______________________________________________ (4)Do you know when he left for Beijing? ______________________________________________ 3．主系表结构(SVP)：主语＋系动词＋表语 【感知】 ①Levine's findings ┃ are ┃ a great start. ②Why is ┃ your mother ┃ annoyed? ③I ┃ felt ┃ so ashamed. ④Well, I ┃ may be ┃ old, but I ┃ am not ┃ hopelessly challenged. ⑤Your advice ┃ is ┃ of great help. ⑥The only thing I don't like ┃ is ┃ that my mom wants to know every part of my life. 【发现】 句①______作表语；句②③④_______作表语；句⑤________作表语；句⑥that从句作表语。 【阐释】 该结构中的谓语动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时态。常见的系动词有be动词，还有感官系动词(sound/look/smell/taste/feel)，变化系动词(become/get/grow/ turn/go/fall/run)，持续系动词(remain/keep/hold/stay)，表像系动词(seem/appear)等。表语可由名词、形容词、介词短语、分词、不定式或从句充当。 [即时训练3]——分析句子成分/补全句子 (1)All of them were amazed. (2)Hearing the news, (他们感到非常兴奋)． 4．主谓宾宾结构(SVIODO)：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 【感知】 ①It ┃ gives ┃ her ┃ a sense of duty. ②The president ┃ showed ┃ me ┃ her daughter's pictures. ③Can you ┃ lend ┃ me ┃ that book? ④He ┃ showed ┃ me ┃ how to run the machine. ⑤I ┃ told ┃ him ┃ that the bus was late. ⑥I hope you ┃ can tell ┃ me ┃ the truth. ＝I hope you ┃ can tell ┃ the truth ┃ to me. ⑦Her father ┃ bought ┃ her ┃ a dictionary. ＝Her father ┃ bought ┃ a dictionary ┃ for her. 【发现】 句①②③是______作直接宾语；句④是“疑问词＋to do”作直接宾语；句⑤是 that 从句作直接宾语；句⑥⑦用介词可以对宾语互换。 【阐释】 该结构中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接宾语，指物的宾语称为直接宾语。通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后，也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词for或to。间接宾语之前用介词to的常见动词有give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send, pay, order等。间接宾语之前用介词for 的常见动词有buy, fetch, save, choose, sing等。 [即时训练4]——分析句子成分/补全句子 (1)You had better buy your friends some small gifts. (2)Besides, nothing could be better if you could _______ ___________________________________________(提供给我一些信息)． 5．主谓宾宾补结构(SVOOC)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【感知】 ①They ┃ usually keep ┃ the door ┃ open. ②My teacher ┃ had ┃ me ┃ standing all the morning. ③I ┃ saw ┃ them ┃ getting on the bus. ④He ┃ made ┃ the girl ┃ cry just now. ⑤He ┃ asked ┃ me ┃ to come back soon. ⑥Mum ┃ requested ┃ me ┃ not to make noise. 【发现】 句①_______作宾语补足语；句②③__________作宾语补足语；句④动词原形作宾语补足语；句⑤⑥__________ ________作宾语补足语。 【阐释】 该结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。该句式常用于三类动词： ①使役动词keep, make, let, have, leave, get等； ②感官动词或短语see, watch, notice, observe, find, catch, look at, listen to, hear, feel, smell 等； ③ask, tell, order, request, permit, persuade等。 [即时训练5]——翻译 (1)他的父亲告诉他不要在街上玩耍。 ______________________________________________ (2)每天早晨，我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 ______________________________________________ 6．主谓状结构(SVA)：主语＋谓语＋状语 【感知】 ①Everything ┃ goes ┃ well. ②He ┃ has been standing ┃ there. ③The book ┃ ends ┃ with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn. ④His parents ┃ have worked ┃ in the company for ten years. ⑤She ┃ was reading ┃ when her mother came in. 【发现】 句①②______作状语；句③④介词短语作状语；句⑤______作状语。 【阐释】 该结构中的谓语动词通常为不及物动词：副词或介词短语等在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 [即时训练6]——分析句子成分/补全句子 (1)Hopefully, you can take part. 　 (2)If accepted, ____________________(我会努力工作) to offer you best articles. 7．主谓宾状结构(SVOA)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 【感知】 ①The man ┃ raised ┃ his arms ┃ above his head. ②The girl ┃ enjoys ┃ reading ┃ in the morning. ③She ┃ was doing ┃ her homework ┃ when the teacher came in. 【发现】 此结构中，谓语动词是________；句①③中宾语是______；句②中宾语是动词-ing；句③中状语是______。 【阐释】 该结构中的谓语动词通常为及物动词或动词短语；副词、介词短语或从句等在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 [即时训练7]——分析句子成分/补全句子 (1)One day some of my students were talking about what they would like to be in the future. (2)另外，你最好通过面对面的交流来结交更多的朋友。 Besides, you had better __________________________ _______________________________. 8．There be句型 【感知】 ①There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year. ②There goes the bell.Let's go into the lecture hall. ③There seems to be a little dog under the desk. ④There happened to be a man walking by. 【发现】 句①谓语动词是were；句②第一个句子中谓语动词是goes，后接主语；句③④谓语动词是seems to be和happened to be，后接的是______。 【阐释】 There be句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”。基本结构是：There is/are/was/were…。谓语动词有时候可用表示存在的其他动词(短语)，如live, stand, lie, seem/appear to be(好像有)，happen to be(碰巧有), used to be(曾经有)等。 [即时训练8]——补全句子 (1)The farmer said ____________________________(可能有更多工作), but I wasn't interested. (2)_____________________________(有一些活动) which everyone should do in our life. Ⅰ.写出下列句子中的画线部分充当什么成分 1．The question is that no one knows the location of the new hospital. 2．To be or not to be is a question. 3．His confidence enabled him to finish the task successfully. 4．The class teacher had us clean the classroom yesterday. 5．Is he the man who wants to see you？ 6．This book gives me some ideas on how to make friends. 7．I feel it our duty to serve the people heart and soul. 8．What you explained just now didn't satisfy me. 9．We must get together again some day. 10．If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. Ⅱ.写出下列句子属于哪类句型 1．I found the problem easy._______________ 2．I have never cooked at home._________ 3．There are ten boys under the big tree.______________ 4．Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present._________________ 5．The boss made him do the work all day.____________ _____ 6．The tree has grown much taller than before._________ _______ Ⅲ.语法与写作 用给出的句型翻译下列句子。 1．事故是昨天下午发生的。(S＋V＋A) ______________________________________________ 2．第二天，我们一早就出发了。(S＋V＋A) ________________________________________ 3．他拒绝帮助他们。(S＋V＋O) ________________________________ 4．当地的人们都很友好。(S＋V＋P) ______________________________________ 5．我告诉他公交车晚点了。(S＋V＋IO＋DO) _____________________________________ 6．我们将让他们幸福。(S＋V＋O＋OC) ____________________________ 7．这次活动给我们留下了深刻印象。(S＋V＋O＋OC) ___________________________________________ 8．我们班有24位女生和30位男生。(There be句型) _____________________________________________ (教材P6)Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. 汤姆正盼望着迎接这名新的交换生。 look forward to(to为介词)　盼望；期待 look into　　　　　　　观察；调查 look out 注意；小心 look down on/upon 轻视；瞧不起 I'm looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. 我正期盼能尽快收到你的来信。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)The old man stood up and looked forward _________ (see) what was going on outside. (2)The children all are looking forward to ____________ (receive) lucky money, playing happily with each other, and setting off fireworks. (3)A good teacher never looks down___________ slow students. [提示] look forward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的；在定语从句中常考查look forward to，其后的动词与to没有任何关系。The concert that we are looking forward to was canceled yesterday. 昨天我们期待已久的音乐会被取消了。 $$