暑假作业05 由关系代词、关系副词引导的限制性定语从句(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空)-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（译林版2020）

暑假作业05 由关系代词、关系副词引导的限制性定语从句(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 定语从句 定 语 从 句 定义 在主从复合句中, 对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰、限制作用的从句 关 系 词 关系代词 who; whom; whose; which; that 关系副词 when; where; why 可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 本单元主要学习关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句 考点一 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 1.关系代词 关系代词 指代 (即先行词) 在定语从句中所作的句子成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人/物 定语 Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her. 昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。 I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。  My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里  A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。 The student (whom) I taught two years ago has joined the army. 我两年前教的那个学生已经参军了。  The room whose window faces south is mine. 那个窗户朝南的房间是我的。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 特别提醒: 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况 1. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 4. 当先行词既指人又指物时。 5. 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。 6. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Eg. All that you must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。 He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。 The only thing that we can do is give in to our parents’ ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救你的人是谁? Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 二.关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 关系副词在引导定语从句时, 其功能相当于介词短语, 在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表时间的名词 时间状语 where 表地点的名词 地点状语 why 表原因的名词 原因状语 In an age where mobile phones and the Internet are eating up most of our time and energy, one can understand how difficult it is to focus attention and energy on studies.。在一个手机和互联网吞噬了我们大部分时间和精力的时代，人们可以理解将注意力和精力集中在学习上是多么困难。 David has reached a stage where he does not want to hide his eagerness to change the plan.大卫已经到了不想掩饰自己想改变计划的地步。 I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 单句语法填空 1. This is the very book ________ has good maps showing details of world geography. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正是这本书里有很好的地图，展示了世界地理的细节。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词book，指物，在定语从句中作主语，且book前有the very修饰，需用关系代词that引导。故填that。 2. Tom worked on the most beautiful farm ________ we visited the other day. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆在我们前几天参观的最美丽的农场工作。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是farm，指物，被形容词最高级the most beautiful修饰，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，只用关系代词that。故填that。 3. A true friendship carries a long history of experience ________ determines who we are and keeps us connected. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：真正的友谊有着悠久的历史，它决定了我们是谁，并使我们保持联系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词experience 指物，从句缺少主语，使用关系代词that或者which引导定语从句，故填that或which。 4. Obviously, any child ________ receives patient teaching over a long period is likely to improve. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：显然，长时间内接受耐心的教导的任何孩子都有可能提高。分析句子可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词child，指人，关系词从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或者that引导。故填who或that。 5. The children ________ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbors and friends. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：找不到父母的孩子由邻居和朋友照顾。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词The children，且从句缺少修饰parents的定语，故填whose，引导定语从句。故填whose。 6. It is such a heavy rock ________ no one can lift. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一块没人能举起的大石头。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a heavy rock，在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词由such修饰，需用关系代词as引导。故填as。 7. Yesterday I came across the man about ________ you talked last time. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天我遇到了你上次谈到的那个人。空处引导定语从句，先行词the man，指人，在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 8. We want to buy a book of ________ the theme is about biology. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们想买一本主题是生物学的书。分析句式结构可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词book并在从句中作介词of的宾语。故填which。 9. I will never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life. 【答案】when; which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记那些年，当我住在农场的农民，这对我的生活有很大的影响。第一空引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词years是时间，作时间状语，因此第一空用when引导定语从句；第二空引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此用which引导定语从句，故填when，which。 10. Tony will never forget these days ________ she lived in China with her mother, ________ has a great effect on her life . 【答案】when; which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Tony永远不会忘记她和母亲一起生活在中国的这些日子，这对她的生活有很大的影响。分析句子结构可知，第一个空为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少状语，所以使用关系副词， 先行词these days指的是时间，所以此处应使用关系副词when；第二空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处应使用关系代词，先行词 these days指的是事物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以此处使用关系代词 which。故填①when②which。 11. I believe the time will soon come ________ there will be no wars in the world. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我相信世界上不会发生战争的时刻很快就会到来。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the time，在定语从句作时间状语。所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 12. I will never forget such a beautiful village ________ I spent my childhood with my grandparents. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记这样一个美丽的村庄，我在那里度过了我的童年和我的祖父母。空处引导定语从句，先行词village，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 13. Mr. Fox said he liked the atmosphere ________ everybody can have a free chat. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：福克斯先生说，他喜欢每个人都可以自由聊天的氛围。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作地点状语，先行词为atmosphere。故填where。 14. -- Do you know the reason ________ he was late for the meeting yesterday? --Yes, but I don’t think the reason ________he told me is reasonable. 【答案】why; that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：----你知道他昨天开会迟到的原因吗？----是的，但我认为他告诉我的理由不合理。第一空，空处引导从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词指原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导从句，第二空，空处引导从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导从句。故填①why，②that。 15. I don’t know the reason ________ David has refused to see me . 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不知道大卫拒绝见我的原因。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，对先行词reason进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作原因状语，所以应该用关系副词why引导定语从句。故填why。 16. I don’t know the reason ________ you were absent from the meeting , but I’m sure that someone will tell me the reason ________ you haven’t told me. 【答案】why; that/which 【详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意：我不知道你缺席会议的原因，但我确定有人会告诉我理由，而这理由是你没有告诉我的。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，在定语从句中作状语，故应用why引导；空2：此处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用that/which引导，故填why；that/which。 17. He still remembered the places and persons ________ he visited there. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他仍然记得他在那里参观过的地方和人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the places and persons，先行词既有人又有物，关系词在从句中作宾语，只能使用that引导从句。故填that。 18. His father works in a company ________ name always appears in the local newspapers. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的父亲在一家公司工作，该公司的名字经常出现在当地报纸上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：company，因空白处在定语从句中作定语，使用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 19．The girl to I lent my bike works in a hospital. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我把自行车借给的那个女孩在医院工作。分析句子结构可知，空处需要填入一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词the girl。先行词指人，在从句中作介词to的宾语，因此应该使用关系代词whom引导该限定性定语从句。故填whom。 20．Sales director is a position interaction technique is just as vital as sales competence. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个互动技巧和销售能力一样重要的职位。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词或者“介词+which”引导定语从句，先行词position为抽象地点名词，可以与介词in搭配表示“在这个岗位上”，也可以使用关系副词where表地点，所以此处可以使用in which或者where。故填where。 21．Do you remember the day which we first met? 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？此处为介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为the day，表示具体到某一天应用介词on。故填on。 22．The boy with the teacher is talking is Tom. 【答案】 whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和老师谈话的那个男孩是汤姆。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The boy，先行词指人，talk with sb是固定短语，意为“与某人交谈”，因此需用介词with和关系代词搭配，引导定语从句，先行词作with的宾语，关系代词应用whom。故填 whom。 23．He met a woman with he had very little in common. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他遇到了一个和他没有什么共同点的女人。分析句子可知，此处为介词with+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词a woman在从句作with的宾语成分，应用关系代词whom；固定短语have little in common with“与……有很少共同之处”，此处为介词with的前置。故填whom。 24．The reason he was absent was quite complicated. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他缺席的原因很复杂。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中表示某事发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词，或用“介词+关系代词”引导该从句，用for the reason表示“因为某种原因”，reason指物，关系代词用which。故填why或for which。 25．The teacher with you talked yesterday is our maths teacher. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天和你谈话的那位老师是我们的数学老师。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为teacher，指代人，关系词替代先行词作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 26．The man with I shook hands just now is my daughter’s English teacher. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：刚才和我握手的那个人是我女儿的英语老师。此处是“with+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是The man，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，使用关系代词whom，故填whom。 27．The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through he could see what is happening outside. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个顽皮的男孩在墙上打了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到外面发生的事情。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词through+关系代词引导的定语从句，代替先行词hole在从句中作through的宾语成分，应用关系代词which。故填which。 28．The old man always wears his thick glasses without he can’t see anything. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人总是戴着厚厚的眼镜，不戴眼镜他什么也看不见。“without _____ he can’t see anything”为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词glasses，指物，设空处指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词without的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 29．I think she is my Ms. Right. I know from the first sight of her that she is the one without my life will surely be dull and colorless. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想她就是我的Ms. Right。第一眼看到她，我就知道，没有她，我的生活一定会变得枯燥无味。“without _____ my life will surely be dull and colorless”是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词the one指人，设空处指代先行词作介词without宾语，因此空格处用关系代词whom。故填whom。 30．The place at the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross­river traffic is the heaviest. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：拟建桥梁的地点应该是跨河交通最繁忙的地方。在定语从句中缺少介词at的宾语，且先行词为place，应用关系代词which。故填which。 31．The 1960s was a difficult time Chinese scientists like Tu Youyou had very limited resources and poor technological support. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：20世纪60年代是一个艰难的时期，像屠呦呦这样的中国科学家资源非常有限，技术支持也很差。定语从句修饰先行词time，在从句作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 32．The nuclear waste discharge is now the major reason environmentalists feel worried about the future of marine creatures. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：核废料的排放现在是环保主义者对海洋生物的未来感到担忧的主要原因。定语从句修饰先行词reason，在从句作原因状语，应用why。故填why。 33．I wish to visit the West Lake which Hangzhou is famous. 【答案】for 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我希望参观杭州著名的西湖。分析句子结构，此处为定语从句；使用“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句，先行词为West Lake，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作宾语，因be famous for为固定短语，且先行词指物，使用for which引导定语从句。故填for。 34．We have reached a stage we have to solve the problem by using scientific methods. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经到了必须用科学方法解决问题的阶段。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词stage表示地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。 35．He is not half such a fool they thought. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他远非他们认为的那么傻。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a fool，先行词前有such修饰，应用关系代词as做引导词，从句中省略了he was，as是作表语。故填as。 36．He is such a person is respected by all of us. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是我们大家都尊敬的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person，先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且前面有such修饰，所以需要关系代词as引导定语从句。故选as。 37．It is such a heavy rock no one can lift. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一块没人能举起的大石头。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a heavy rock，在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词由such修饰，需用关系代词as引导。故填as。 38．The Bird’s Nest is such a fantastic building attracts a great many tourists. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：鸟巢是一座神奇的建筑，吸引了许多游客。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a fantastic building，且先行词前有such修饰，所以应用as引导。故填as。 39．He opens a door which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism. ( 【答案】through 【详解】考查介词。句意：他打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个新世界，一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的世界。分析句子可知，此处用“介词+关系词”引导定语从句，“通过”使用介词through，先行词是door，关系词在从句中作介词through的宾语。故填through。 40．The lab in they worked has poor air quality. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。此处为介词+关系代词结构引导的定语从句修饰先行词lab，先行词lab作介词in的宾语，表示物，用关系代词which指代lab。故填which。 41．She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from she gained a deep knowledge. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她学了两年半的中医，对中医有很深的了解。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是expects，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作from的宾语，应用“介词from+whom”引导。故填whom。 42．China has many museums in the collections of cultural relics are beyond count. It would be a pity if so many cultural relics and cultural heritages were only displayed in museum cabinets，lifeless and cold. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国有许多博物馆，里面收藏的文物数不胜数。如果这么多文物和文化遗产只陈列在博物馆的柜子里，毫无生气，冷冰冰的，那将是一种遗憾。分析句子可知，此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是many museums，指物，作介词in后面的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 43．The ship, the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower. 【答案】on which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：欧洲人乘坐前往美洲大陆的船被称为“五月花号”。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为ship，因先行词在定语从句中作状语，使用“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句，表示“在船上”用介词on，先行词指物，使用关系代词which，故填on which。 44．Someone is capable has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有能力的人有做好某件事所必需的技能或品质。定语从句修饰someone，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 45．Table read is not the only effective practice helps students improve their speaking. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：剧本朗读并不是帮助学生提高口语的唯一有效练习。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词practice，指物，在定语从句中作主语，并且先行词前面有the only修饰，需用关系代词that引导。故填that。 46．Friends is not the first TV show Mathew Parry starred at the early stage of his acting career. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《老友记》并不是马修·派瑞演艺生涯早期出演的第一部电视剧。定语从句修饰先行词TV show，先行词在从句作宾语，且由序数词修饰，只能用that引导。故填that。 47.If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something deserves a verbal reward. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果表扬是真诚的，专注于努力而不是结果，你可以在孩子做了值得口头奖励的事情时给予表扬。分析句子可知，设空处引导限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词something，当先行词为不定代词something时，指代物引导词用that。故填that。 48．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更强有力的保护。定语从句修饰先行词，关系词在从句作主语，指物，先行词前有all修饰应用that引导。故填that。 49．Those want to go to the party must be at the school gate by 5 pm. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些想去参加聚会的人必须在下午5点前到学校门口。 want to go to the party是定语从句，对先行词those进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，先行词those指人，所以应该用关系代词who。故填who。 50．Anyone agrees with what I said may raise your hand. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何同意我所说的的人都可以举手。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词anyone，此处指代人，引导词用who。故填who。 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 I have a degree in business. However, it was my father's decision for me to pursue a business major. Nevertheless, even if my college 1 (experience) were fantastic, I still had no interest in any field of commerce, let alone having a long-term career 2 a businesswoman. After I 3 (graduate), I worked as a marketing 4 (plan) at a computer company. My pay and working environment were great; however, I still didn’t feel happy 5 (do) something I wasn’t interested in. After two months of working there, I made up my mind 6 (quit) and decided to do 7 I love, namely teaching English. I have now been an English teacher for over twenty years. I love my job and love being with my students. If you are in a place 8 you don’t love what you are learning or doing, please ask yourself what you are really passionate for, and what you 9 (true) want for your life. Don’t rush to get yourself a quick answer. Take some time to think about what career could make you happy. The important thing is that you are happy and then you will be able to bring happiness to people around you. There is a quote that says, "Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success." If you love what you are doing, you will be 10 (success). 【答案】 1. experiences 2. as 3. graduated 4. planner 5. doing 6. to quit 7. what 8. where 9. truly 10. successful 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍自己的职业经历来说明选择自己喜欢的职业很重要。 1. 考查名词。分析句子可知，本空作主语，根据谓语动词的were可知，主语用复数形式，故用experiences。 2. 考查介词。分析句子可知，更别提把商人作为一个长期的职业，故用介词as。 3. 考查动词的一般过去时。分析句子可知，graduate作谓语，与主语I为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时graduated。 4. 考查名词。由于a修饰名词，根据句意可知，在电脑公司当策划员，故用planner。 5. 考查现在分词作原因状语。分析句子可知，本句缺乏原因状语，do与其逻辑主语I为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式doing。 6. 考查不定式。本句为短语make up my mind to do sth下定决心做某事，故用不定式to quit。 7. 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，　　7　　 I love作do的宾语，该从句缺乏love的宾语，故用连接代词what。 8. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，you don’t love what you are learning or doing作限制性定语从句修饰先行词place，从句缺乏状语，故用关系副词where作地点状语。 9. 考查副词。修饰动词want用副词，故用truly。 10. 考查形容词作表语。分析句子可知，be动词后接形容词作表语，本句缺乏表语，故用形容词successful。 Passage 2 So far, China Eastern Airlines 11 (receive) approval(批准)fiom the Ministry oflndustry and Information Technology to offer in- flight Wi-Fi service on 21 airplanes. The carrier becomes China's first airline company 12 (provide) Wi-Fi service for both domestic and international flights. Passengers 13 (leave) for New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Toronto, Beijing and Guangzhou will have access 14 me Wi-Fi service through a telecommunication satellite. The flights will begin to provide the service in one month after operational 15 (prepare). The Wi-Fi service will be free in the 21 airplanes at the beginning, 16 a charge list is now under discussion. The company plans to put in Wi-Fi service 17 (equip) in all airplanes by 2019-2020. Other carriers in China, such as Air China and Hainan Airlines also have been following this attempt in some oftheir flights during the past few years. Industry experts note that 18 approval for the Wi-Fi service on 21 airplanes.is a trial for commercial in-flight Internet service operations in China. Aviation(航空)business staff say that China has the potential to become the world's 19 (large) aviation market, 20 is likely to create tens of billions of yuan in profit in the aviation Internet business. 【答案】 11. has received 12. to provide 13. leaving 14. to 15. preparations 16. but 17. equipment 18. the 19. largest 20. which 【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国东方航空公司(China Eastern Airlines）获工信部批准在21架航班上提供舱内Wi-Fi服务，成为全国首家同时向国内、国际航班旅客提供“空中上网”服务的航空公司。 11. 考查谓语时态。句意：中国东方航空公司已经获工信部批准，同意其在21架飞机上提供‘空中上网’服务。根据空前so far可知空处填现在完成时，故填has received。 12. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子中包含“the first +名词+ to do sth.”是固定句式句式。故填to provide。 13. 考查非谓语动词。 本句句子的主要成分完整，passengers是主语，will have 是谓语，access是宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里应填现在分词leaving作定语修饰主语passengers。故填leaving。 14. 考查介词。句意：前往纽约、洛杉矶、旧金山、多伦多、北京和广州的乘客可以通过一颗通讯卫星使用me Wi-Fi服务。根据句意可知， have access to sth.是固定搭配，表示“有机会或权利利用某物”，故填to。 15. 考查名词。根据空白处前面的形容词operational可以知道，该空白处应填名词，prepare的名词形式是preparation，且常使用其复数形式。故填preparations。 16. 考查并列连词。句意：这21架飞机的Wi-Fi服务一开始是免费的，但目前正在讨论收费清单。根据句意可知，此处表示转折关系，故填but。 17. 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空白处应填名词，equip的名词形式是equipment，且equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。 18. 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据上下文，这里的approval是特指，故前面应使用定冠词。故填the。 19. 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国有能力成为世界上最大的航空市场。根据句意可知，空白处应填形容词large的最高级形式。故填largest。 20. 考查定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子的market。故应用关系代词which。 Passage 3 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 21 (hold) and the students of our class took 22 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 23 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 24 (athlete）while others remained 25 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 26 (excite) because I would compete 27 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 28 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 29 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 30 made us disappointed. 【答案】 21. was held 22. an 23. performed 24. athletes 25. seated 26. excited 27. in 28. missing 29. better 30. which 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了上周作者所在学校举办了每年都举办的运动会，尽管作者在比赛过程中摔倒了，但作者仍然期待着第二天的良好表现。但天不作美，由于天气原因，运动会被推迟，使同学们很失望。 21. 考查一般过去时。由“Last week”可知，本句为一般过去时,our yearly school sports meeting 为主语，与谓语hold为被动，所以应填was held。故填 was held。 22. 考查冠词。表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。part为抽象名词被active修饰，且active首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 23. 考查过去分词。分析句子可知，ceremony与perform在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填performed 。 24. 考查名词复数。athlete为可数名词。本句指多个运动员，所以用复数athletes 。故填athletes 。 25. 考查形容词。be seated“就坐”为固定短语，remain为系动词后接seated作表语。故填seated。 26. 考查形容词。以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。本句的主语为I, 所以表语应为excited。故填excited。 27. 考查介词。in the 100-meter dash “在百米冲刺”in“在......里”符合句意。故填in。 28. 考查现在分词。分析句子可知，I 与miss 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填missing。 29. 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知，因为作者在运动会当天摔倒了，所以作者期望明天的表现比今天的好。所以用形容词的比较级。故填better。 30. 考查关系代词。分析句子可知，which为非限制性定语从句的先行词，指代前面的整个句子，作定语从句的主语。故填which。 Passage 4 A recent film has earned huge attention on social media platforms, many citizens 31 (praise) the short video as the “best commercial video of 2019 ”. The film focuses on 32 question “Who is Peppa?” and tells a touching story 33 highlights Chinese families. In the beginning, a senior man 34 (name) Li Yubao in a remote mountainous area asked his grandson on the phone 35 gifts he wanted for the Spring Festival, but only heard the word “Peppa” due to the poor mobile signal. Therefore, the man begins an interesting journey to discover who Peppa is. 36 the help of neighbors, the senior man made a Peppa model with irons and steels, and 37 (surprise) his grandson. The short video 38 (encourage) people working outside to come back home often and accompany family members 39 (spend) a happy and warm Spring Festival holiday. After all, family connections are the most 40 (significance) thing in Chinese people’s hearts. 【答案】 31. praising 32. the 33. that/which 34. named 35. what 36. With 37. surprised 38. encourages 39. to spend 40. significant 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在社交媒体上引起广泛关注的一部短视频的内容以及它所反映出的意义。 31. 考查现在分词。分析句子可知，本句的主语为A recent film，谓语为has earned，所以praise为非谓语且与many citizens在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。本句是独立主格结构作伴随状语。故填praising。 32. 考查冠词。由“Who is Peppa?”可知，本句在特指这个问题，所以用定冠词the特指这个问题。故填the。 33. 考查关系代词。分析句子可知，a touching story为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为that/which。故填that/which。 34. 考查过去分词。分析句子可知，a senior man与name在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词named作后置定语。故填named。 35. 考查连接代词。分析句子可知，ask后接双宾语，间接宾语为his grandson，直接宾语为　　5　　gifts he wanted for the Spring Festival，这是一个宾语从句，主语为he，谓语为wanted，在此表示“……的”，春节他想要的礼物，故填what。 36. 考查介词。句意：在邻居的帮助下，老人用钢铁做了一个佩奇模型。with the help of“在……帮助下”为固定短语，且符合句意。故填With。 37. 考查一般过去时。分析句子可知，and并列连接谓语动词made和surprised。故填surprised。 38. 考查一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句在说明短片所反映出的意义，所以本句为一般现在时，主语为The short video，谓语应为第三人称单数。故填encourages。 39. 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to spend。 40. 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，本句为主系表结构，表语用形容词。故填significant。 Passage 5 ____41____(follow) Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, an ancient Silk Road city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became____42____latest place that has caused a nationwide craze thanks to its iconic(标志性) dish malatang, a local street dish featuring a mix of fresh vegetables and meat boiled in a hot, spicy broth(辛辣的汤汁). Since March 20th, over 1.8 billion people ____43____ (view) this topic on Douyin. The overall number of travel ____44____(order) to Tianshui, Gansu, has increased ____45____ over 20% compared to the same period last year. Local-produced ingredients(食材原料)such as Gangu chili, Qin’an peppercorns (花椒), and Dingxi potatoes are the secrets to the unique flavor and ____46____(attract) appearance of Tianshui malatang. Gangu chili has a bright red color and a spicy fragrance with lingering sweetness. Potatoes produced in Dingxi, ____47____are known as the “hometown of Chinese potatoes”, have a high starch content. Hand-pulled noodles made from these potatoes have a chewy texture. It is these specific ingredients ____48____lay out the foundation for Tianshui malatang to stand out.               Following Zibo barbecue and Harbin frozen pear, here comes Tianshui malatang. Food has____49____(apparent) become a new hot spot for small Chinese cities to catch the spotlight on social media platforms. The Tianshui government is also taking every opportunity_____50_____(promote) Tianshui’s development with a small bowl of malatang. 【答案】41. Following 42. the 43. have viewed 44. orders 45. by 46. attractive 47. which 48. that 49 apparently 50. to promote 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫在社交媒体上走红。 41.考查非谓语。句意：继淄博和哈尔滨之后，位于中国西北部甘肃省的丝绸之路古城天水，因其标志性的麻辣烫而成为最新一个引起全国热议的地方。空处为非谓语动词，Tianshui与follow在逻辑上是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Following。 42.考查冠词。句意：继淄博和哈尔滨之后，位于中国西北部甘肃省的丝绸之路古城天水，因其标志性的麻辣烫而成为最新一个引起全国热议的地方。形容词最高级前的冠词为定冠词the。故填the。 43.考查时态。句意：自3月20日以来，超过18亿人在抖音上观看了这个话题。根据Since March 20th可知，本句为现在完成时。故填have viewed。 44.考查名词。句意：与去年同期相比，前往甘肃天水的旅游订单总量增长了20%以上。The number of 后接名词复数。故填orders。 45.考查介词。句意：与去年同期相比，前往甘肃天水的旅游订单总量增长了20%以上。根据句意可知，表示增加了，为increase by。故填by。 46.考查形容词。句意：当地出产的原料，如甘谷辣椒、秦安花椒和定西土豆，是天水麻辣烫独特风味和诱人外观的秘诀。形容词attractive作定语修饰名词appearance。故填attractive。 47.考查定语从句。句意：被誉为“中国土豆之乡”的定西出产的土豆淀粉含量很高。先行词为Potatoes，做非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为which。故填which。 48.考查强调句。句意：正是这些特殊的成分奠定了天水麻辣烫脱颖而出的基础。本句为强调句式：it be +强调部分+that。故填that。 49.考查副词。句意：美食显然已经成为中国小城市在社交媒体平台上吸引眼球的新热点。副词apparently作状语修饰动词become。故填apparently。 50.考查非谓语。句意：天水市政府也抓住每一个机会，用一小碗麻辣烫来促进天水的发展。动词不定式作目的状语。故填to promote。 ( 14 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 暑假作业05 由关系代词、关系副词引导的限制性定语从句(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 定语从句 定 语 从 句 定义 在主从复合句中, 对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰、限制作用的从句 关 系 词 关系代词 who; whom; whose; which; that 关系副词 when; where; why 可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 本单元主要学习关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose引导的限制性定语从句 考点一 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 1.关系代词 关系代词 指代 (即先行词) 在定语从句中所作的句子成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人/物 定语 Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her. 昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。 I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。  My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里  A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。 The student (whom) I taught two years ago has joined the army. 我两年前教的那个学生已经参军了。  The room whose window faces south is mine. 那个窗户朝南的房间是我的。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 特别提醒: 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况 1. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。 2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 3. 当先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 4. 当先行词既指人又指物时。 5. 当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时, 为避免重复而用that。 6. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Eg. All that you must keep in mind is that you must be buried in your research. 你必须记住的所有的事情是你必须专心于你的研究。 He was the first survivor that was dug out from the ruins. 他是从废墟中被挖出的第一个幸存者。 The only thing that we can do is give in to our parents’ ideas. 我们唯一能做的事情就是听从我们父母的意见。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 Who is the man that came to rescue you in this disaster? 在这次灾难中救你的人是谁? Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 二.关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 关系副词在引导定语从句时, 其功能相当于介词短语, 在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表时间的名词 时间状语 where 表地点的名词 地点状语 why 表原因的名词 原因状语 We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. 我们已经进入了一个时代, 在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。 Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. 他们的孩子正处于这样的阶段, 她只会说单个的词不会说完整的句子。 I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。 单句语法填空 1. This is the very book ________ has good maps showing details of world geography. 2. Tom worked on the most beautiful farm ________ we visited the other day. 3. A true friendship carries a long history of experience ________ determines who we are and keeps us connected. 4. Obviously, any child ________ receives patient teaching over a long period is likely to improve. 5. The children ________ parents could not be found were looked after by neighbors and friends. 6. It is such a heavy rock ________ no one can lift. 7. Yesterday I came across the man about ________ you talked last time. 8. We want to buy a book of ________ the theme is about biology. 9. I will never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________ has a great effect on my life. 10. Tony will never forget these days ________ she lived in China with her mother, ________ has a great effect on her life . 11. I believe the time will soon come ________ there will be no wars in the world. 12. I will never forget such a beautiful village ________ I spent my childhood with my grandparents. 13. Mr. Fox said he liked the atmosphere ________ everybody can have a free chat. 14. -- Do you know the reason ________ he was late for the meeting yesterday? --Yes, but I don’t think the reason ________he told me is reasonable. 15. I don’t know the reason ________ David has refused to see me . 16. I don’t know the reason ________ you were absent from the meeting , but I’m sure that someone will tell me the reason ________ you haven’t told me. 17. He still remembered the places and persons ________ he visited there. 18. His father works in a company ________ name always appears in the local newspapers. 19．The girl to I lent my bike works in a hospital. 20．Sales director is a position interaction technique is just as vital as sales competence. 21．Do you remember the day which we first met? 22．The boy with the teacher is talking is Tom. 23．He met a woman with he had very little in common. 24．The reason he was absent was quite complicated. 25．The teacher with you talked yesterday is our maths teacher. 26．The man with I shook hands just now is my daughter’s English teacher. 27．The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through he could see what is happening outside. 28．The old man always wears his thick glasses without he can’t see anything. 29．I think she is my Ms. Right. I know from the first sight of her that she is the one without my life will surely be dull and colorless. 30．The place at the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross­river traffic is the heaviest. 31．The 1960s was a difficult time Chinese scientists like Tu Youyou had very limited resources and poor technological support. 32．The nuclear waste discharge is now the major reason environmentalists feel worried about the future of marine creatures. 33．I wish to visit the West Lake which Hangzhou is famous. 34．We have reached a stage we have to solve the problem by using scientific methods. 35．He is not half such a fool they thought. 36．He is such a person is respected by all of us. 37．It is such a heavy rock no one can lift. 38．The Bird’s Nest is such a fantastic building attracts a great many tourists. 39．He opens a door which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism. ( 40．The lab in they worked has poor air quality. （用适当的词填空） 41．She studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with expects in the field from she gained a deep knowledge. 42．China has many museums in the collections of cultural relics are beyond count. It would be a pity if so many cultural relics and cultural heritages were only displayed in museum cabinets，lifeless and cold. 43．The ship, the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower. 44．Someone is capable has the skill or qualities necessary to do a particular thing well. 45．Table read is not the only effective practice helps students improve their speaking. 46．Friends is not the first TV show Mathew Parry starred at the early stage of his acting career. 47.If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something deserves a verbal reward. 48．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live within the Giant Panda Range. 49．Those want to go to the party must be at the school gate by 5 pm. 50．Anyone agrees with what I said may raise your hand. 语篇语法填空 Passage 1 I have a degree in business. However, it was my father's decision for me to pursue a business major. Nevertheless, even if my college 1 (experience) were fantastic, I still had no interest in any field of commerce, let alone having a long-term career 2 a businesswoman. After I 3 (graduate), I worked as a marketing 4 (plan) at a computer company. My pay and working environment were great; however, I still didn’t feel happy 5 (do) something I wasn’t interested in. After two months of working there, I made up my mind 6 (quit) and decided to do 7 I love, namely teaching English. I have now been an English teacher for over twenty years. I love my job and love being with my students. If you are in a place 8 you don’t love what you are learning or doing, please ask yourself what you are really passionate for, and what you 9 (true) want for your life. Don’t rush to get yourself a quick answer. Take some time to think about what career could make you happy. The important thing is that you are happy and then you will be able to bring happiness to people around you. There is a quote that says, "Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success." If you love what you are doing, you will be 10 (success). Passage 2 So far, China Eastern Airlines 11 (receive) approval(批准)fiom the Ministry oflndustry and Information Technology to offer in- flight Wi-Fi service on 21 airplanes. The carrier becomes China's first airline company 12 (provide) Wi-Fi service for both domestic and international flights. Passengers 13 (leave) for New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Toronto, Beijing and Guangzhou will have access 14 me Wi-Fi service through a telecommunication satellite. The flights will begin to provide the service in one month after operational 15 (prepare). The Wi-Fi service will be free in the 21 airplanes at the beginning, 16 a charge list is now under discussion. The company plans to put in Wi-Fi service 17 (equip) in all airplanes by 2019-2020. Other carriers in China, such as Air China and Hainan Airlines also have been following this attempt in some oftheir flights during the past few years. Industry experts note that 18 approval for the Wi-Fi service on 21 airplanes.is a trial for commercial in-flight Internet service operations in China. Aviation(航空)business staff say that China has the potential to become the world's 19 (large) aviation market, 20 is likely to create tens of billions of yuan in profit in the aviation Internet business. Passage 3 Last week,our yearly school sports meeting 21 (hold) and the students of our class took 22 active part in it.On the first day,we watched the impressive opening ceremony 23 (perform) by energetic teachers and students.Soon,the games formally began.Some of my classmates ran to the track to cheer for the 24 (athlete）while others remained 25 (seat),watching them from a distance.I was 26 (excite) because I would compete 27 the 100-meter dash with my classmates cheering.Unfortunately,I fell on the ground, 28 (miss) the chance to win.What a pity!Although I failed,I was still looking forward to a 29 (good) performance the next day.However,as a result of the rain,we had to put off the sports meeting, 30 made us disappointed. Passage 4 A recent film has earned huge attention on social media platforms, many citizens 31 (praise) the short video as the “best commercial video of 2019 ”. The film focuses on 32 question “Who is Peppa?” and tells a touching story 33 highlights Chinese families. In the beginning, a senior man 34 (name) Li Yubao in a remote mountainous area asked his grandson on the phone 35 gifts he wanted for the Spring Festival, but only heard the word “Peppa” due to the poor mobile signal. Therefore, the man begins an interesting journey to discover who Peppa is. 36 the help of neighbors, the senior man made a Peppa model with irons and steels, and 37 (surprise) his grandson. The short video 38 (encourage) people working outside to come back home often and accompany family members 39 (spend) a happy and warm Spring Festival holiday. After all, family connections are the most 40 (significance) thing in Chinese people’s hearts. Passage 5 ____41____(follow) Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui, an ancient Silk Road city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became____42____latest place that has caused a nationwide craze thanks to its iconic(标志性) dish malatang, a local street dish featuring a mix of fresh vegetables and meat boiled in a hot, spicy broth(辛辣的汤汁). Since March 20th, over 1.8 billion people ____43____ (view) this topic on Douyin. The overall number of travel ____44____(order) to Tianshui, Gansu, has increased ____45____ over 20% compared to the same period last year. Local-produced ingredients(食材原料)such as Gangu chili, Qin’an peppercorns (花椒), and Dingxi potatoes are the secrets to the unique flavor and ____46____(attract) appearance of Tianshui malatang. Gangu chili has a bright red color and a spicy fragrance with lingering sweetness. Potatoes produced in Dingxi, ____47____are known as the “hometown of Chinese potatoes”, have a high starch content. Hand-pulled noodles made from these potatoes have a chewy texture. It is these specific ingredients ____48____lay out the foundation for Tianshui malatang to stand out.               Following Zibo barbecue and Harbin frozen pear, here comes Tianshui malatang. Food has____49____(apparent) become a new hot spot for small Chinese cities to catch the spotlight on social media platforms. The Tianshui government is also taking every opportunity_____50_____(promote) Tianshui’s development with a small bowl of malatang. ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$