暑假作业14 阅读理解七选五(结合必修一至选必一的单元话题)-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（译林版2020）

暑假作业14 阅读理解七选五 (必修一至选必一的单元话题) Passage 1 High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students. Read on and take a look at the following suggestions to help you make it through this period of your life. Take your studies seriously. High school is a time to start thinking about your future. Good grades will open many doors for you, including higher education opportunities and personal growth. 1 If you find yourself struggling with your studies, you can seek help from your teachers and parents. 2 High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation for success in college or in future jobs. Make good use of the resources in your school. High schools offer many kinds of resources that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth. 3 By taking advantage of these resources, you can develop study, social and personal skills. So, explore all the resources to develop yourself into an intelligent and all-round person. Be open to making new friends. Hanging out with friends is great. However, it’s better to step out of your familiar environment and introduce yourself to new people. Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you. 4 Take care of your mental health. High school life is stressful for many reasons, and it’s important to pay attention to your mental health. 5 Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems. A. Develop good time management skills. B. They include libraries, labs, gyms and more. C. Moreover, friends can bring joy and happiness to your life. D. So, make sure you are putting studies at the top of your list. E. It’s a time of change, growth, exploration and self-discovery. F. Taking a good rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress. G. Exchange programs offer you an opportunity to experience new cultures. Passage 2 Communication is important in all families. Families with healthy communication form strong connections with one another. 6 . Actually talk. 7 For instance, in addition to answering “Fine” when your parents ask how school went, try adding an anecdote(轶事) about the day. This will help when you need to talk about the big things. Ask them about their day. This one can help you with the first point. 8 . If they’re stay-home parents, ask them about how the day at home went. Such small talk won’t be small to them. It’ll be a big deal, and they’ll appreciate it. Do the small things. When we say small things, we mean things like helping clear the dinner table, helping put away groceries, and not leaving personal belongings around the house. Those are little things, all of them. 9 , which can make things between you and your parents better. Do the big things. What we mean here is the basic stuff you hear from adults all the time — show up for school, or be respectful to teachers. 10 . That will be okay, because — based on tips 1-2 — you’ll be able to communicate about those things, clear up misunderstandings, and do better next time. Tell them you love them If you say that and hug them, well — you win. A. This tip will make them seem more real to you. B. We know you’re not perfect and you will make mistakes. C. But, if you do those things, you’ll build up lots of goodwill. D. This means taking part in real conversations with your parents. E. It’s never too late to open those lines of communication back up. F. The following tips can improve your communication with parents. G. If they are workers, ask about their jobs. Passage 3 While it seems like some people are naturally more sociable than others, the fact is that all human beings are social. Armed with some skills, it is possible to train oneself to become more social. 11 . Be less critical(批判性的). 12 . They avoid social interaction because they are afraid of being judged by others, or judgmental toward others. It is important to accept that everybody, no matter how they may seem on the outside, has both positive and negative qualities. What separates the confident people from the insecure people is the attitude that they have toward themselves and the active focus on living a fulfilling social life. Don’t over analyze your interactions. It is vital to break the habit of anticipating what social interactions will be like before they happen, and of over analyzing them once they are over. Rather than focusing on what may go wrong, approach every new social interaction with a clean state and a positive attitude. 13 , focus on the positive things rather than the negative ones. Even if it wasn’t the most eventful interaction of your life, try to identify one good experience from each interaction you have, even if it is as simple as having been able to make somebody laugh. 14 . Interestingly, shy people who feel invisible and unwanted also tend to feel like they are constantly under a spotlight, being watched and criticized by others. This strange paradox(悖论) of shyness is what prevents people from feeling comfortable being themselves in front of others. This doesn’t mean that you should feel like an unimportant person, but rather, that you should acknowledge that you are your own worst critic. 15 . A. When reflecting on past interactions B. Realize that you’re not that big of a deal C. Just break out of your comfort zone and try them out D. Other people are simply too busy to constantly judge you E. While you are so caught up in their own lives and interactions F. Some people tend to constantly criticize both themselves and people around G. Over thinking is usually what prevents people from enjoying social interaction Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一上·江苏扬州·期末) Obesity (肥胖症), A Global Problem Andrew Wilson was always a big kid. During his 20s and 30s he kept his weight in control by playing sport. 16 After that, he was trying to lose weight. He watched what he ate and exercised. 17 He tried many diets. He would lose 10 to 20 kilograms, but then the weight would return, and more. Andrew is certainly not alone. Obesity affects all areas of society. 18 In South and Southeast Asia, the number of people suffering from obesity is predicted to double between 2010 and 2030. How did all this come about? The problem is that in recent decades our lifestyle has changed dramatically. Most people in the world are eating high-energy diets. 19 Think of a photo from Asia in the 1970s—everyone was on a bicycle. Today they’re riding in cars. The good news is, there’s plenty that can be done. While the main treatment for obesity is still surgery, new medicines are coming available. 20 Governments also provide us with green open spaces to do physical activity. Another effective solution overseas is to introduce a tax on sugary drinks. A. At the same time we’re moving less. B. Still, his weight increased to 200 kilograms. C. Humans aren’t meant to have diets like that. D. People everywhere are living with extra weight or obesity. E. Soon, experts predict, obesity will be commonly treated with regular pills. F. Most people have a feeling of having finished a meal, but he always felt hungry. G. However, when his family hit a trouble and he was under pressure, he put on weight quickly. Passage 5 Scary movies are something you either really love or avoid at all costs. Generally, people should be running away from things that bring fear. 21 It is a little confusing. According to psychologist Brownlowe, there are a few different reasons behind why people like scary movies.People like the feeling they get when they’re scared. Some people react differently to things that are scary. A study found that people who like scary movies tend to enjoy really strong feelings like fear. When you’re scared, your brain’s immediate response is to fight or flight. 22 For example, your heart may race and your muscles may tense. It can even cause you to scream or jump. “Believe it or not, for some people, this is a lot of fun,” Brownlowe says.It feels good to get through a scary movie. 23 According to Brownlowe, there’s a good reason why scary movies reduce nervousness. “The experience of your brain calming itself down after watching a scary movie is actually very dazzling,” Brownlowe says. “That’s because the dopamine(多巴胺) release causes an increased sense of well-being.” At the same time, it also feels good to go into an experience that seems scary or “risky” and then come out safe and sound. As Brownlowe says, “ 24 To some extent, it can make things that seemed challenging easier to deal with in the future.” For example, some people may find that after watching a Halloween Scare Fest, it’s not as scary to ask their boss for a raise, or to give a public speech. 25 Watching a scary movie is an ideal way to get closer to others. A study found that fear-arousing situations, like watching a scary movie, can increase the attraction between two people. Aside from increasing attraction, it can even bring you closer together. Some even think that scary movies touch a deeper part of our collective consciousness as humans. “It draws us closer when we have a shared experience of being terrified of the dark, or ghosts, or killers,” Brownlowe says. A. It changes our attitudes to risk. B. It’s a great way to make new friends. C. People feel more connected to others. D. It pushes people into choosing simple tasks. E. When this happens, your entire body can react. F. But scary movies have a way of drawing people in. G. Some anxious people may find scary movies comforting. Passage 6 Have you ever tried reading music? If so, you probably noticed a lot of new symbols and words. Maybe you saw the word presto at the beginning. Perhaps you read piano and crescendo throughout the song. 26 Or maybe you didn’t — if you knew how to read Italian! Italian is sometimes called the language that sings. 27 However, the link between Italian and music is deeper than that. Today, musical vocabulary is full of Italian words. However, it wasn’t always so. Thousands of years ago, people didn’t write music. Instead, they passed songs down orally and taught each other to play them on instruments. 28 Later, people in Spain and Italy began putting music to paper for use in church choirs(教堂唱诗班). Around 1000 CE, an Italian man named Guido d’ Arezzo came up with the four-lined staff(四线谱), which eventually led to the development of the five-lined staff still used in modern music today. Over the next few centuries, many of the people writing music were Italian. Of course, people in other parts of the world were writing music, too. In an effort to standardize written music, many of them used Italian terms. 29 For example, Beethoven sometimes used German words instead of Italian. Claude Debussy used French in “Clair de Lune”. 30 You might already be familiar with some terms! One example is tempo — the speed of a piece of music. Markings in written music tell the player when the music should be adagio (slow), or allegro (fast). The dynamics, or volume, of a piece of music might begin with piano (soft), then crescendo (get louder) and finally fortissimo (very loud). A. Many think it sounds musical. B. Others wrote music in their own languages. C. Still, Italian is the primary language used in music. D. You probably needed to ask your teacher what these words meant. E. Learning to read music is an important part of practicing those skills. F. People who write music even have ways to communicate techniques. G. Ancient people in Babylonia, Greece, and Rome were some of the earliest to write music. Passage 7 Say you’re on vacation at Niagara Falls. You want to take an amazing photo that captures(捕捉) the exceptional beauty of the waterfalls. 31 The thing is you’re not a professional photographer. So, what do you do? Here are some tips that can step up your photography game. 32 Before you snap(拍摄) a shot, ask yourself: What are you trying to document and why? That may be as simple as saying to yourself: “I’m going to take a picture of this painting at the museum because I like the colors.” It can help you focus on what you want to remember. Make a shot list. Professional photographers often create “shot lists”—a checklist of every photo they hope to capture, along with notes on style and composition—to ensure they get the coverage they need. You can try this same approach on your vacation. 33 Capture the ordinary. 34 These scenes may not feel impressive enough to photograph in the moment, but they’re ones you’re likely to want to remember after your trip is over. The images may be as simple as your dad napping(打盹) on the plane or your beloved backpack. Study your photos. It can be hard to appreciate your photos in the rush of a trip. 35 You’ll most likely find some surprises—a glance(一瞥) of a friend in the background or a dangling(悬挂的) flower from a tree branch. Keep an eye out for anything that makes you happy. Above all, what matters is that the photo is meaningful to you. A. Learn from the professionals. B. Think before you take a photo. C. Try to capture moments or objects that may seem “ordinary”. D. Thus, wait until you’re back home to study your images more carefully. E. Making use of your senses is another way to add dimension to your pictures. F. However, you don’t want to take the same photo that everyone else is taking. G. Such a list can help figure out your photo goals and identify what you’re most excited about. Passage 8 Writing poetry is a way to express emotions without directly stating what you are describing. Writing poetry for the first time can be challenging, but there are so many ways to start and finish a poem. 36 . People like Emily Dickinson, Edgar Allan Poe and Robert Frost all changed the way people understand and write poetry. Look up some poems by famous writers to see what you like and what you don’t like. Keep in line with your emotions. 37 . You can easily put emotions into your poetry if you understand what you are feeling throughout the day. Try to note whenever you are feeling a strong emotion and what made you feel it. Decide on a theme for your poem. A theme is your topic and your opinion on the topic. 38 In order to create a theme, you have to explain your opinion on what you are writing about. Use rhyming (押韵的) words if you’d like your poem to have rhythm. Some poetry uses rhyming words at the end of each line or every other line to create a flow. If you’d like to use rhyming words in your poetry, try to insert them as you write, instead of thinking of them before you start writing. For example, a poem could use rhyming words, like seen, clean, mean and glean. Feel free to use rhymes in your poetry! 39 . Don’t feel like your poem has to be a certain length. There is no limit as to how long a poem is. Some are a mere sentence long, while others are paragraphs long or even the length of a novel. It all depends on when you are satisfied with your work. 40 . You can work your way up to longer poetry over time. A. Your first poem can be short B. Revise your first draft of your poem C. Remember that not all poems rhyme D. A lot of poetry is flooded with feelings E. Read famous poems as examples to follow F. Something like “a sunflower” is just a topic G. Use descriptive language to create a picture Passage 9 4 Reasons Why Wild Animals Are So Important As we know, the earth gives us food, medicines and materials, often through wild animals. These wild animals are important to our existence. Sadly, they are becoming extinct at an alarming rate. We need to change this loss of nature and create a future where wildlife and people thrive 蓬勃发展) again. 41 Here are some reasons why wild animals are so important to the world at large. Wild animals keep balance in ecosystems. 42 If any part is threatened or becomes extinct, this has a knock-on effect on the whole ecosystem. sending shock waves through the environment. For ecosystems to survive and perhaps even thrive, we must protect all of our wildlife. Diversity(多样性) means healthier ecosystems and healthier wild animals. When there is a wildlife issue, you’ll often hear the term biodiversity, which refers to the number of species in an ecosystem. 43 Why do we consider this important? A wide variety of animals means greater productivity and better health. If there are fewer animal species, a disease that affects any species spreads faster and more effectively. 44 All of the food that we eat comes from an animal or plant. Living without various food sources causes our nutrition(营养) to suffer. Protecting wildlife and its natural habitats strengthens food safety for humans around the world. Wildlife helps medical research. Wild animals have helped us find important medicines that help with many diseases. 45 Many medical systems like Chinese traditional medicines still rely on herbs and spices, but even Western medicine have made great progress with wildlife research. A. All living things are interconnected. B. Healthy ecosystems mean a lot of diversity. C. Or we will lose these animals to future generations. D. People worldwide depend on wildlife for their snack. E. Wildlife provides important nutrients for the human race. F. The human race has always turned to nature for medicine. G. We should notice the influence caused by wildlife on culture. Passage 10 Natural disasters can cause people’s fears at any age. 46 , but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters. Let’s see how to talk to your children about natural disasters correctly. ● Be honest When there is information about natural disasters, try not to hide it. 47 . They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on. Give proper explanations or even check books out from the library. ● 48 Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns. Deal with any of their fears, big or small, and provide some kind of comfort. Whether these disasters are happening far away or close to home, they need to know that you will keep them safe. ● Make a plan for your family There is no place on Earth that is free from possibly suffering some type of natural disaster. All families should have a disaster plan and emergency supplies at home. Create a family safety plan, and share it with your children. 49 . ● Talk about the helpers 50 . The idea that firefighters, paramedics (护理人员), and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety. A. Answer questions B. Take away your children’s fears C. It is completely natural to be afraid D. They just have to wait with nothing to do E. It can prepare them for what to do if a disaster happens F. Instead, offering detailed information and explanation can help calm your children G. Teach your children about the different types of helpers that show up in a disaster Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东佛山·阶段练习) Born in London on 28 November 1772, Luke Howard was interested in the weather from an early age 51 He was instead easily distracted(分心) by the clouds he could see through the window. He started his career as a pharmacist, producing and sending out medicines for people. 52 He soon became an amateur meteorologist(业余气象学者). In 1802, Howard presented his research in a lecture to the Askesian Society, a club for people who were interested in science. At this point, meteorology hadn't progressed as much as other sciences, because it was difficult to take observations when the weather was always changing. To take his observations, Howard did sketches(草图) of the clouds as they moved and changed in the sky. 53 Howard suggested that although the shapes of clouds were changing, there were three basic types of clouds in the sky, to which he gave Latin names. 54 . The second was“cumulus”, meaning heap(一堆) or pile. And the third was “stratus”, meaning layer or sheet. He also introduced four other cloud types to recognize the changing clouds when they are joining together or breaking apart. In 1803, he published his research in a paper called “On the Modifications of Clouds”. After the publication of Howard's research, the field of meteorology continued to develop. Scientists now have a much greater understanding of weather patterns(模式) all around the world. 55 Professor Liz Bentley, Chief Executive of the Royal Meteorological Society, said, “His scientific work helped us understand our climate.” A. There are now 10 types of clouds. B. But his true passion was meteorology. C. But it was Howard's work that started it all. D. He couldn't stay focused when he was at school. E. This helped him to recognize the forms we know today. F. Howard's findings also inspired the artist John Constable. G. The first was called “cirrus”, which means tendril or hair in Latin. Passage 12 Internet addiction is a common problem that can be just as damaging as any other form of addiction. 56 Charge devices in another room at night to prevent bedtime browsing. Bedtime browsing can interfere with your sleep due to the blue light your smart phone emits, so stopping bedtime browsing may help you to sleep better. If you often browse the internet on your phone while lying in bed, prevent yourself from doing this by charging your phone in another room of the house. 57 Remove social media apps from your phone. If you find yourself picking up your phone and going on the internet every time you get a notification, delete the social media apps on your phone. 58 This may help to prevent you from accessing these apps on and off all day. 59 Exercising, writing, and doing crossword puzzles are all better alternatives to mindlessly browsing the internet. If you want to reduce the time on the internet but aren’t sure what to do with the extra time, identify some meaningful activities that you enjoy and pick one to do instead when you’re feeling the urge to go online. Reach out to friends and family to build more in-person connections. If you’re longing for social interaction, call up a friend and make plans to do something fun, or arrange a family dinner or game night. 60 look into a special interest group that you can join. Attend in-person meetings to connect with other people sharing your interests, and you can make new friends and distract yourself from the internet. A. Use relaxation techniques to reduce stress. B. Replace internet use with a healthy activity. C. If you don’t have friends or family who you can turn to, D. When you feel bored and want to do something to kill time, E. Make it a rule that you can only check them on your computer. F. If you rely too much on the internet, the following strategies may help you. G. In this case, read a book or use a relaxation technique to help you wind down. Passage 13 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北邯郸·期中) There are over 15 million restaurants in the world. According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, when combined(合并), food that is produced by these restaurants is more or less enough for the customers. About 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted. 61 It’s really a pity that billions’ worth of food is wasted. 62 For it’s rather difficult to recycle or reduce waste if big companies aren’t going to stop sending out gas into the atmosphere(大气), or cutting down entire forests to provide the world with food to satisfy its hunger for cattle and coffee. 63 CNN World reports that restaurants in California right now are trying out a new way to fight food waste in the form of the surcharge(附加费) that aims to help farmers. The initiative (倡议) is still optional for restaurants. According to Anthony Myint, the organizer of the initiative, he hopes that restaurants do take the lead, and that they try to do what they can to ease environmental concerns. 64 It shows their dishes are eco-friendly and nutritious(有营养的). Myint hopes at least 200 restaurants sign on for their statewide programme by the end of this year so that the farmers could receive funding that could reach $10 million per year. 65 This partnership is an opportunity for eaters and buyers to share in land-based solutions. A. The food is very cheap. B. It will be used to promote healthier soil. C. We can really save a lot of money in fact. D. Despite all this, restaurants are trying to change that. E. These billions’ worth of wasted food is also expensive. F. However, it would be too difficult to just keep everything. G. He also shares how he wants to eventually see Restore California signs on restaurants. Passage 14 Working out is such an important part of your overall health. 66 While starting an exercise routine might seem demanding, don’t worry. Choose your inspiration and set a clear, achievable goal. Having a goal can really help you feel motivated. Take a few minutes to think about why you’re working out and what you want to achieve. 67 Write down your goal and post it somewhere you’ll see it regularly, like your bathroom mirror or on your fridge. 68 Decide how many days a week you’ll be able to work out. Ideally, you should get at least 30 minutes of exercise per day, 5 days a week. However, if you’re trying to achieve a certain goal, you might want to consider working out for about an hour several days a week. Push yourself to work hard. The trick is to do it safely and in a controlled manner. If you ran 2 miles yesterday and felt worn out later, don’t try to run 5 miles today. Instead, find a level of effort that leaves you feeling like you got in a good workout. 69 Work as much of your body as you can. The more parts of your body receive exercise, the more you’ll notice exercises’ positive effects on your weight, mood, stress levels, sleeping patterns, and overall sense of well-being. 70 But some options are better than others. Lifting free weights, for example, works more muscle groups than using targeted weightlifting machines. A. It’s good for both your body and mind! B. As always, any exercise is good exercise. C. Figure out a schedule that suits your needs. D. Set a date when you want to accomplish your goal, too. E. You can record each of your workouts on your phone with them. F. If you want to feel energized, you’ll need to ensure some good sleep. G. Then try to slightly add on to the intensity of that level every couple of weeks. Passage 15 Grain Rain is the sixth solar term(节气) in the twenty-four solar terms, which is from an old Chinese saying — rain produces hundreds of grains. 71 . The Chinese name of Grain Rain was originated from a folk story. When Cang Jie, an official in the Yellow Emperor period, created a set of characters from observing the tracks of animals, countless grain came down from the sky like rainfall. 72 . Because of the legend, April 20 has been named as the annual UN Chinese Language Day since 2010 by the United Nations’ Department of Public Information. It is roughly around the Grain Rain day, which falls between April 19 and April 21. 73 . The southern China has the custom of picking tea in the Grain Rain season. The newly-picked spring tea in the Grain Rain season is rich in nutrients(营养物) and has the functions of heat-clearing and eyesight-clearing. 74 . Seeing peonies(牡丹) three days after Grain Rain has become a tradition in northern China. Because the flowering of the peonies happens during Grain Rain, it is also known as the “Flower of the Grain Rain”. 75 . Chinese people also link peonies with wealth and rank. A. There is an interesting folk story about Grain Rain B. The customs of Grain Rain vary from place to place C. Therefore, the Yellow Emperor named this day as guyu D. The flower represents grace and honor in Chinese culture E. They play an important role in our traditional farming society F. This means the rain is important for the growth of grain at this time of year G. On the day of Grain Rain, people will come to pick some new tea and drink it Passage 16 Some of Harry Potter’s stories have been made into movies. After a long search, the filmmakers found Daniel Radcliffe to play the part of Harry in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. The movies turn out to be a big success. Have you ever read Harry Potter’s adventures? 76 . The boy wizard Harry Potter is an unhappy 11-year-old boy. He lives with his Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon Dursley and their awful son Dudley. Harry is a wizard, but he doesn’t know it! 77 . They both died in the fighting with the evil wizard Voldemort when Harry was just a baby. Harry was hidden in the unmagical Dursleys to protect him from Voldemort. Harry’s adventures begin when he is accepted to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. There, he meets adults like Headmaster Albus Dumbledore and Groundskeeper Rubeus Hagrid. He also befriends schoolmates like Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, and meets rivals like Draco Malfoy. 78 , a game a little like soccer that is played on flying broomsticks. The Harry Potter novels tell the adventures of Harry at Hogwarts. Each book covers one school year in Harry’s life, starting at age 11. Success story Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was a big success. 79 . It was then published in North America with a slightly different title: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. The story was very popular there, as well. Other books about Harry followed: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. The novels have been translated into more than 30 languages and have sold millions and millions of copies. 80 ! A. His mother was a witch and his father was a wizard B. Once you have read about Harry Potter, you will understand him easier C. Harry is also quite brave, though he still has fear D. It won Prizes for Children’s Literature in the United Kingdom E. If not, then let’s quickly introduce him F. He learns magic and how to play Quidditch G. The arrival of a new Harry Potter book is a worldwide event ( 11 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 暑假作业14 阅读理解七选五 (必修一至选必一的单元话题) Passage 1 High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students. Read on and take a look at the following suggestions to help you make it through this period of your life. Take your studies seriously. High school is a time to start thinking about your future. Good grades will open many doors for you, including higher education opportunities and personal growth. 1 If you find yourself struggling with your studies, you can seek help from your teachers and parents. 2 High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation for success in college or in future jobs. Make good use of the resources in your school. High schools offer many kinds of resources that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth. 3 By taking advantage of these resources, you can develop study, social and personal skills. So, explore all the resources to develop yourself into an intelligent and all-round person. Be open to making new friends. Hanging out with friends is great. However, it’s better to step out of your familiar environment and introduce yourself to new people. Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you. 4 Take care of your mental health. High school life is stressful for many reasons, and it’s important to pay attention to your mental health. 5 Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems. A. Develop good time management skills. B. They include libraries, labs, gyms and more. C. Moreover, friends can bring joy and happiness to your life. D. So, make sure you are putting studies at the top of your list. E. It’s a time of change, growth, exploration and self-discovery. F. Taking a good rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress. G. Exchange programs offer you an opportunity to experience new cultures. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了给高一新生的建议，包括认真学习，培养良好的时间管理技能等。 1. 上文“High school is a time to start thinking about your future. Good grades will open many doors for you, including higher education opportunities and personal growth.(高中是一个开始思考未来的时刻。好成绩将为你打开许多大门，包括高等教育机会和个人成长)”说明高中学习的重要性。空处和前文为因果关系，说明高中认真学习非常重要，因此学习是高中要完成的首要任务。D项中的“putting studies at the top of your list”和前文中的“Good grades will open many doors for you”相呼应，所以D项“所以，一定要把学习放在首要位置”符合语境。故选D。 2. 下文“High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well.(高中生活充满挑战，有很多工作和活动。有效的时间管理可以帮助您组织任务、计划时间表并很好地实现目标) ”说明本段讲述高中生应该培养时间管理能力。A项“培养良好的时间管理技能”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 3. 上文“High schools offer many kinds of resources that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth.(高中提供了多种资源，可以帮助你学习和实现个人成长)”说明高中的各种资源有助于学生的学习。空处顺接前文，进一步说明学校的资源有哪些。B项中的They指代前文中的“many kinds of resources”，说明学校资源包括图书馆、实验室、健身房等。故选B。 4. 上文“Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you.(结交新朋友可以打开更多的可能性，提高你的社交能力，并为你建立一个支持系统)”说明结交新朋友对高中生的好处。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明交朋友的好处。C项中的“friends”是前文中该词的复现，所以C项“此外，朋友可以给你的生活带来欢乐和幸福”符合语境。故选C。 5. 上文“Take care of your mental health.(照顾好你的心理健康)”以及下文“Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems.(此外，如果你面临压力、焦虑或其他健康问题，你可以与值得信赖的成年人交谈)”说明本段讲述如何照顾好学生的心理问题。空处和下文并列说明如何减轻学生的压力。F项中的“help reduce stress”和下文中的“if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems”相呼应，说明好好休息和锻炼有助于减轻压力。故选F。 Passage 2 Communication is important in all families. Families with healthy communication form strong connections with one another. 6 . Actually talk. 7 For instance, in addition to answering “Fine” when your parents ask how school went, try adding an anecdote(轶事) about the day. This will help when you need to talk about the big things. Ask them about their day. This one can help you with the first point. 8 . If they’re stay-home parents, ask them about how the day at home went. Such small talk won’t be small to them. It’ll be a big deal, and they’ll appreciate it. Do the small things. When we say small things, we mean things like helping clear the dinner table, helping put away groceries, and not leaving personal belongings around the house. Those are little things, all of them. 9 , which can make things between you and your parents better. Do the big things. What we mean here is the basic stuff you hear from adults all the time — show up for school, or be respectful to teachers. 10 . That will be okay, because — based on tips 1-2 — you’ll be able to communicate about those things, clear up misunderstandings, and do better next time. Tell them you love them If you say that and hug them, well — you win. A. This tip will make them seem more real to you. B. We know you’re not perfect and you will make mistakes. C. But, if you do those things, you’ll build up lots of goodwill. D. This means taking part in real conversations with your parents. E. It’s never too late to open those lines of communication back up. F. The following tips can improve your communication with parents. G. If they are workers, ask about their jobs. 【答案】6. F 7. D 8. G 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了能帮助青少年改善与家长的沟通几点建议。 6. 分析设空，位于首段段尾，应点出本文主题，引出下文；根据前文“Communication is important in all families. Families with healthy communication form strong connections with one another.(沟通在所有家庭中都很重要。健康沟通的家庭彼此之间形成牢固的联系)”可知，提到沟通对于所有家庭都很重要，所以F项“The following tips can improve your communication with parents.(下面的建议可以提高你与父母的沟通)”承接上文，点出主题引领下文，符合语境。故选F项。 7. 设空处位于段首句；根据后文“For instance, in addition to answering “Fine” when your parents ask how school went, try adding an anecdote (轶事) about the day. This will help when you need to talk about the big things.(例如，当你的父母问你学校过得怎么样时，除了回答“很好”之外，试着加上一件关于当天的轶事。当你需要谈论大事时，这将会有所帮助)”可知，本段主要讲述了要与父母真正地有内容的交谈，而非表面上的闲聊或敷衍。所以D项“This means taking part in real conversations with your parents.(这意味着和你的父母进行真实的对话)”符合本段主旨，该选项阐述了小标题“Actually talk.(真正地交谈)”所要表达的意思，选项中的代词“This”指代小标题。故选D项。 8. 根据本段小标题“Ask them about their day.(问问他们这一天过得怎么样)”，以及根据后文“If they’re stay-home parents, ask them about how the day at home went.(如果他们是全职父母，问问他们在家里过得怎么样)”可知，此处是在举例怎么开始谈话，所以G项“If they are workers, ask about their jobs.(如果他们是工人，询问他们的工作)”符合主题，与设空处后一句的句式结构相同。故选G项。 9. 根据前文“When we say small things, we mean things like helping clear the dinner table, helping put away groceries, and not leaving personal belongings around the house. Those are little things, all of them.(当我们说小事时，我们指的是帮助清理餐桌，帮助收拾杂货，不把私人物品放在家里。这些都是小事)”可知，C项“But, if you do those things, you’ll build up lots of goodwill.(但是，如果你做了这些事情，你会建立很多善意)”是在说明，做了前文所说的小事情能够带来的好的结果，且和前文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。 10. 根据前文“What we mean here is the basic stuff you hear from adults all the time — show up for school, or be respectful to teachers.(我们这里的意思是你一直从成年人那里听到的基本的东西——去上学，或者尊重老师)”可知，此处说明了你应该完成重要的事情，也就是你经常听成年人说到的事情，例如，好好上学、尊重老师，后文“That will be okay, because — based on tips 1-2 — you’ll be able to communicate about those things, clear up misunderstandings, and do better next time.(没关系，因为基于1-2条建议，你将能够就这些事情进行沟通，消除误解，并在下次做得更好)”指出：那也没关系，因为根据前两点建议，你能够好好沟通这些事情，消除误解，下次做得更好，所以B项“We know you’re not perfect and you will make mistakes.(我们知道你不是完美的，你会犯错误)”符合语境。下文中的“those things”指代B项中的“mistakes”。故选B项。 Passage 3 While it seems like some people are naturally more sociable than others, the fact is that all human beings are social. Armed with some skills, it is possible to train oneself to become more social. 11 . Be less critical(批判性的). 12 . They avoid social interaction because they are afraid of being judged by others, or judgmental toward others. It is important to accept that everybody, no matter how they may seem on the outside, has both positive and negative qualities. What separates the confident people from the insecure people is the attitude that they have toward themselves and the active focus on living a fulfilling social life. Don’t over analyze your interactions. It is vital to break the habit of anticipating what social interactions will be like before they happen, and of over analyzing them once they are over. Rather than focusing on what may go wrong, approach every new social interaction with a clean state and a positive attitude. 13 , focus on the positive things rather than the negative ones. Even if it wasn’t the most eventful interaction of your life, try to identify one good experience from each interaction you have, even if it is as simple as having been able to make somebody laugh. 14 . Interestingly, shy people who feel invisible and unwanted also tend to feel like they are constantly under a spotlight, being watched and criticized by others. This strange paradox(悖论) of shyness is what prevents people from feeling comfortable being themselves in front of others. This doesn’t mean that you should feel like an unimportant person, but rather, that you should acknowledge that you are your own worst critic. 15 . A. When reflecting on past interactions B. Realize that you’re not that big of a deal C. Just break out of your comfort zone and try them out D. Other people are simply too busy to constantly judge you E. While you are so caught up in their own lives and interactions F. Some people tend to constantly criticize both themselves and people around G. Over thinking is usually what prevents people from enjoying social interaction 【答案】11. C 12. F 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3种提高社交能力的方法。 11. 根据上文“While it seems like some people are naturally more sociable than others, the fact is that all human beings are social. Armed with some skills, it is possible to train oneself to become more social. (虽然看起来有些人天生比其他人更善于交际，但事实是，所有人都是善于交际的。有了一些技能，就有可能训练自己变得更善于交际。)”和下文“Be less critical(批判性的). (不要那么挑剔。)”，“Don’t over analyze your interactions. (不要过度分析你的互动。)”可知，文章接下来介绍的是训练自己变得更善于交际的一些技能。选项C“仅仅跳出你的舒适区，尝试一下”和上下文意思一致。故选C。 12. 根据下文“They avoid social interaction because they are afraid of being judged by others, or judgmental toward others. (他们避免社交，因为他们害怕被别人评判，或者对别人评头论足。)”可知，这里介绍一些人为什么会避免社交。选项F“有些人经常批评自己和周围的人”和下文意思一致。故选F。 13. 根据上文“It is vital to break the habit of anticipating what social interactions will be like before they happen, and of over analyzing them once they are over. Rather than focusing on what may go wrong, approach every new social interaction with a clean state and a positive attitude. (重要的是要打破在社交互动发生之前就预测会是什么样子的习惯，以及在社交互动结束后过度分析的习惯。与其关注可能出现的问题，不如以清新的状态和积极的态度对待每一次新的社交活动。)”和下文“focus on the positive things rather than the negative ones.(关注积极的事情而不是消极的事情。)”可知，这里建议社交之后要积极的面对。选项A“当反思过去的互动时”作时间状语从句，和上下文意思一致。故选A。 14. 根据下文“Interestingly, shy people who feel invisible and unwanted also tend to feel like they are constantly under a spotlight, being watched and criticized by others. This strange paradox (悖论) of shyness is what prevents people from feeling comfortable being themselves in front of others. This doesn’t mean that you should feel like an unimportant person, but rather, that you should acknowledge that you are your own worst critic. (有趣的是，那些觉得自己被忽视和不受欢迎的害羞的人也往往会觉得自己一直处于聚光灯下，受到他人的关注和批评。这种奇怪的害羞悖论使人们在别人面前感到自在。这并不意味着你应该觉得自己是一个不重要的人，而是你应该承认自己是最糟糕的批评者。)”可知，这里建议人们不要认为自己很重要。选项B“要意识到你没什么大不了的”和下文意思一致。故选B。 15. 根据上文“This strange paradox (悖论) of shyness is what prevents people from feeling comfortable being themselves in front of others. This doesn’t mean that you should feel like an unimportant person, but rather, that you should acknowledge that you are your own worst critic. (这种奇怪的害羞悖论使人们在别人面前感到自在。这并不意味着你应该觉得自己是一个不重要的人，而是你应该承认自己是最糟糕的批评者。)”可知，这里说明只是你自己对自己评论，而其他人不会经常这样做。选项D“其他人只是太忙了，无法经常评判你”和上文意思一致。故选D。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一上·江苏扬州·期末) Obesity (肥胖症), A Global Problem Andrew Wilson was always a big kid. During his 20s and 30s he kept his weight in control by playing sport. 16 After that, he was trying to lose weight. He watched what he ate and exercised. 17 He tried many diets. He would lose 10 to 20 kilograms, but then the weight would return, and more. Andrew is certainly not alone. Obesity affects all areas of society. 18 In South and Southeast Asia, the number of people suffering from obesity is predicted to double between 2010 and 2030. How did all this come about? The problem is that in recent decades our lifestyle has changed dramatically. Most people in the world are eating high-energy diets. 19 Think of a photo from Asia in the 1970s—everyone was on a bicycle. Today they’re riding in cars. The good news is, there’s plenty that can be done. While the main treatment for obesity is still surgery, new medicines are coming available. 20 Governments also provide us with green open spaces to do physical activity. Another effective solution overseas is to introduce a tax on sugary drinks. A. At the same time we’re moving less. B. Still, his weight increased to 200 kilograms. C. Humans aren’t meant to have diets like that. D. People everywhere are living with extra weight or obesity. E. Soon, experts predict, obesity will be commonly treated with regular pills. F. Most people have a feeling of having finished a meal, but he always felt hungry. G. However, when his family hit a trouble and he was under pressure, he put on weight quickly. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是肥胖产生的原因和解决肥胖的方法。 16. 空前“During his 20s and 30s he kept his weight in control by playing sport.(在他二三十岁的时候，他通过运动来控制体重。)”说明他想控制体重，空后“After that, he was trying to lose weight.(从那以后，他一直在努力减肥。)”说明他要减肥，空格处应该说他长胖，G选项“However, when his family hit a trouble and he was under pressure, he put on weight quickly.(然而，当他的家庭遇到麻烦，他承受压力时，他的体重很快就增加了。)”说明他长胖了，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 17. 空前“After that, he was trying to lose weight. He watched what he ate and exercised.(从那以后，他一直在努力减肥。他注意饮食和锻炼。)”说明了他努力减肥，空格处应该说他减肥是否有效，空后“He tried many diets. He would lose 10 to 20 kilograms, but then the weight would return, and more.(他尝试了许多饮食方法。他会减掉10到20公斤，但随后体重会反弹，甚至更多。)”说明他减肥是无效的，空格处应该说他减肥没有用，B选项“Still, his weight increased to 200 kilograms.(但是，他的体重增加到了200公斤。)”说明他体重增加了，也就是减肥没有效果，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 18. 空前“Andrew is certainly not alone. Obesity affects all areas of society.(安德鲁当然不是一个人。肥胖影响着社会的各个领域。)”说明肥胖影响很多方面，空格处应该详细阐述这种广泛的影响，D选项“People everywhere are living with extra weight or obesity.(世界各地的人们都超重或肥胖。)”说明了肥胖的影响面很广，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 19. 空前“The problem is that in recent decades our lifestyle has changed dramatically. Most people in the world are eating high-energy diets.(问题是近几十年来我们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。世界上大多数人都在吃高能量饮食。)”说明了近几十年我们生活方式上发生的巨大变化，空格处也应该是某种生活方式的变化，A选项“At the same time we’re moving less.(与此同时，我们运动地更少了。)”说明了我们活动更少了，是生活方式上的变化，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 20. 空前“While the main treatment for obesity is still surgery, new medicines are coming available.(虽然治疗肥胖的主要方法仍然是手术，但新的药物正在出现。)”说明了新的药物正在出现，空格处应该说这种药物会有什么好处，E选项“Soon, experts predict, obesity will be commonly treated with regular pills.(专家预测，不久以后，肥胖将普遍使用常规药物治疗。)”说明将来人们会用药来治疗肥胖，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 Passage 5 Scary movies are something you either really love or avoid at all costs. Generally, people should be running away from things that bring fear. 21 It is a little confusing. According to psychologist Brownlowe, there are a few different reasons behind why people like scary movies.People like the feeling they get when they’re scared. Some people react differently to things that are scary. A study found that people who like scary movies tend to enjoy really strong feelings like fear. When you’re scared, your brain’s immediate response is to fight or flight. 22 For example, your heart may race and your muscles may tense. It can even cause you to scream or jump. “Believe it or not, for some people, this is a lot of fun,” Brownlowe says.It feels good to get through a scary movie. 23 According to Brownlowe, there’s a good reason why scary movies reduce nervousness. “The experience of your brain calming itself down after watching a scary movie is actually very dazzling,” Brownlowe says. “That’s because the dopamine(多巴胺) release causes an increased sense of well-being.” At the same time, it also feels good to go into an experience that seems scary or “risky” and then come out safe and sound. As Brownlowe says, “ 24 To some extent, it can make things that seemed challenging easier to deal with in the future.” For example, some people may find that after watching a Halloween Scare Fest, it’s not as scary to ask their boss for a raise, or to give a public speech. 25 Watching a scary movie is an ideal way to get closer to others. A study found that fear-arousing situations, like watching a scary movie, can increase the attraction between two people. Aside from increasing attraction, it can even bring you closer together. Some even think that scary movies touch a deeper part of our collective consciousness as humans. “It draws us closer when we have a shared experience of being terrified of the dark, or ghosts, or killers,” Brownlowe says. A. It changes our attitudes to risk. B. It’s a great way to make new friends. C. People feel more connected to others. D. It pushes people into choosing simple tasks. E. When this happens, your entire body can react. F. But scary movies have a way of drawing people in. G. Some anxious people may find scary movies comforting. 【答案】21. F 22. E 23. G 24. A 25. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们喜欢恐怖电影的背后的几个原因。 21. 根据上文“Scary movies are something you either really love or avoid at all costs. Generally, people should be running away from things that bring fear.(恐怖电影是你要么真的很喜欢，要么不惜一切代价避免的东西。一般来说，人们应该远离带来恐惧的事物)”以及后文“It is a little confusing. According to psychologist Brownlowe, there are a few different reasons behind why people like scary movies.(这有点令人困惑。根据心理学家布朗洛的说法，人们喜欢恐怖电影的背后有几个不同的原因)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出人们被恐惧电影吸引，故F选项“但是恐怖电影有吸引人的方法”符合语境，故选F。 22. 根据上文“Some people react differently to things that are scary. A study found that people who like scary movies tend to enjoy really strong feelings like fear. When you’re scared, your brain’s immediate response is to fight or flight.(有些人对可怕的事情反应不同。一项研究发现，喜欢恐怖电影的人往往喜欢真正强烈的感觉，比如恐惧。当你害怕的时候，你的大脑的第一反应是战斗或逃跑)”以及后文“For example, your heart may race and your muscles may tense. It can even cause you to scream or jump. “Believe it or not, for some people, this is a lot of fun,” Brownlowe says.(例如，你的心跳加速，肌肉紧张。它甚至会让你尖叫或跳起来。“信不信由你，对一些人来说，这很有趣，”布朗洛说)”可知，后文提到了因为害怕心跳加速，肌肉紧张，说明身体会对此做出反应。故E选项“当这种情况发生时，你的整个身体都会做出反应”符合语境，故选E。 23. 根据后文“According to Brownlowe, there’s a good reason why scary movies reduce nervousness. “The experience of your brain calming itself down after watching a scary movie is actually very dazzling,” Brownlowe says. “That’s because the dopamine (多巴胺) release causes an increased sense of well-being.”(根据布朗洛的说法，恐怖片能减轻紧张情绪是有原因的。布朗洛说：“看完恐怖电影后，大脑平静下来的经历实际上是非常令人眼花缭乱的。这是因为多巴胺的释放会增加幸福感。”)”可知，后文提到恐怖片能减轻紧张情绪，并且看完恐怖电影，大脑因为多巴胺的释放会增加幸福感，说明一些焦虑的人会发现恐怖电影可以缓解他们的情绪。故G选项“一些焦虑的人可能会觉得恐怖电影很安慰”符合语境，故选G。 24. 根据上文“At the same time, it also feels good to go into an experience that seems scary or “risky” and then come out safe and sound.(与此同时，进入一个看似可怕或“冒险”的体验，然后安然无恙地出来，感觉也很好)”以及后文“To some extent, it can make things that seemed challenging easier to deal with in the future.(在某种程度上，它可以使那些看起来具有挑战性的事情在未来更容易处理)”可知，后文提到恐怖电影“可以使那些看起来具有挑战性的事情在未来更容易处理”，即恐怖电影可以改变我们对风险的看法或态度，故A选项“它改变了我们对风险的态度”符合语境，故选A。 25. 根据本段内容“Watching a scary movie is an ideal way to get closer to others. A study found that fear-arousing situations, like watching a scary movie, can increase the attraction between two people. Aside from increasing attraction, it can even bring you closer together. Some even think that scary movies touch a deeper part of our collective consciousness as humans. “It draws us closer when we have a shared experience of being terrified of the dark, or ghosts, or killers,” Brownlowe says.(看恐怖电影是拉近与他人关系的理想方式。一项研究发现，令人恐惧的场景，比如看恐怖电影，可以增加两个人之间的吸引力。除了增加吸引力，它甚至可以拉近你们的距离。有些人甚至认为恐怖电影触及了人类集体意识的更深层部分。布朗洛说：“当我们共同经历对黑暗、鬼魂或杀手的恐惧时，它会拉近我们的距离。”)”可知，本段的主旨是看恐怖电影可以与他人的联系更紧密。故C选项“人们感觉与他人联系更紧密”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 6 Have you ever tried reading music? If so, you probably noticed a lot of new symbols and words. Maybe you saw the word presto at the beginning. Perhaps you read piano and crescendo throughout the song. 26 Or maybe you didn’t — if you knew how to read Italian! Italian is sometimes called the language that sings. 27 However, the link between Italian and music is deeper than that. Today, musical vocabulary is full of Italian words. However, it wasn’t always so. Thousands of years ago, people didn’t write music. Instead, they passed songs down orally and taught each other to play them on instruments. 28 Later, people in Spain and Italy began putting music to paper for use in church choirs(教堂唱诗班). Around 1000 CE, an Italian man named Guido d’ Arezzo came up with the four-lined staff(四线谱), which eventually led to the development of the five-lined staff still used in modern music today. Over the next few centuries, many of the people writing music were Italian. Of course, people in other parts of the world were writing music, too. In an effort to standardize written music, many of them used Italian terms. 29 For example, Beethoven sometimes used German words instead of Italian. Claude Debussy used French in “Clair de Lune”. 30 You might already be familiar with some terms! One example is tempo — the speed of a piece of music. Markings in written music tell the player when the music should be adagio (slow), or allegro (fast). The dynamics, or volume, of a piece of music might begin with piano (soft), then crescendo (get louder) and finally fortissimo (very loud). A. Many think it sounds musical. B. Others wrote music in their own languages. C. Still, Italian is the primary language used in music. D. You probably needed to ask your teacher what these words meant. E. Learning to read music is an important part of practicing those skills. F. People who write music even have ways to communicate techniques. G. Ancient people in Babylonia, Greece, and Rome were some of the earliest to write music. 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. G 29. B 30. C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了乐谱上的音乐术语及其相关历史。 26. 上文“Maybe you saw the word presto at the beginning. Perhaps you read piano and crescendo throughout the song.(也许你在开始的时候看到了presto这个词。也许你读了整首歌的piano和crescendo)”列举了一些乐谱中会出现的新词；下文“Or maybe you didn’t — if you knew how to read Italian!(也许你不会——如果你知道怎么读意大利语的话)”提到如果你知道如何读意大利语，你不会做某件事。由此可知，本空应该与你是否了解上文所提到的新词有关，故D项“你可能需要问你的老师这些词是什么意思”符合语境。下文提到的“你不会做的某件事”指D项中的ask your teacher what these words meant。D项中的these words指代上文中的the word presto和piano and crescendo。故选D。 27. 上文“Italian is sometimes called the language that sings.(意大利语有时被称为唱歌的语言)”指出意大利语有时被称为唱歌的语言，下文“However, the link between Italian and music is deeper than that.(然而，意大利语和音乐之间的联系远不止于此)”指出意大利语和音乐之间的联系很深。由此可知，本空应该与意大利语和音乐之间的关系有关，故A项“意大利语听起来像音乐”符合语境。A项中的it 指代上文中的Italian，且musical与下文中的music是原词复现关系。故选A。 28. 上文“Thousands of years ago, people didn’t write music. Instead, they passed songs down orally and taught each other to play them on instruments.(几千年前，人们不写音乐。相反，他们口头传递歌曲，并互相教对方用乐器演奏)”指出几千年以前，人们不会写乐谱，而是通过口头传唱、相互教对方用乐器演奏的方式传承音乐；下文“Later, people in Spain and Italy began putting music to paper for use in church choirs (教堂唱诗班).(后来，西班牙和意大利的人们开始把音乐写在纸上，供教堂唱诗班使用)”指出后来西班牙人和意大利人开始把音乐写在纸上，供教堂唱诗班使用。由此可知，本空应该与什么人开始写乐谱有关，且与下文内容之间是顺承关系，故G项“古巴比伦尼亚、古希腊和古罗马的人是最早写乐谱的人”符合语境。G项中的the earliest 呼应下文中的Later，且write music呼应下文中的putting music to paper。故选G。 29. 上文“Of course, people in other parts of the world were writing music, too. In an effort to standardize written music, many of them used Italian terms.(当然，世界上其他地方的人也在创作音乐。为了使书面音乐标准化，他们中的许多人使用了意大利语术语)”指出世界上不同地方的人都会写乐谱，但为了使乐谱标准化，很多人都使用意大利语的音乐术语；下文“For example, Beethoven sometimes used German words instead of Italian. Claude Debussy used French in “Clair de Lune”.(例如，贝多芬有时用德语而不是意大利语。克劳德·德彪西在《月光》中使用了法语)”列举贝多芬用德语写乐谱和克劳德·德彪西(Claude Debussy)用法语写出了钢琴曲《月光》(“Clair de Lune”)。由此可知，除了意大利语，也有人用其他语言写乐谱，故B项“其他人用自己的语言写音乐”符合语境。B项中的wrote与上文中的writing和written是原词复现关系，且their own languages呼应下文中的German words和French。故选B。 30. 根据下文中的“You might already be familiar with some terms!(你可能已经熟悉了一些术语)”和列举的一些意大利语的音乐术语可知，本段具体介绍一些意大利语的音乐术语的含义，且本空应为本段主旨句，故C项“意大利语仍然是乐谱中使用的主要语言”符合语境，并呼应首段内容。故选C。 Passage 7 Say you’re on vacation at Niagara Falls. You want to take an amazing photo that captures(捕捉) the exceptional beauty of the waterfalls. 31 The thing is you’re not a professional photographer. So, what do you do? Here are some tips that can step up your photography game. 32 Before you snap(拍摄) a shot, ask yourself: What are you trying to document and why? That may be as simple as saying to yourself: “I’m going to take a picture of this painting at the museum because I like the colors.” It can help you focus on what you want to remember. Make a shot list. Professional photographers often create “shot lists”—a checklist of every photo they hope to capture, along with notes on style and composition—to ensure they get the coverage they need. You can try this same approach on your vacation. 33 Capture the ordinary. 34 These scenes may not feel impressive enough to photograph in the moment, but they’re ones you’re likely to want to remember after your trip is over. The images may be as simple as your dad napping(打盹) on the plane or your beloved backpack. Study your photos. It can be hard to appreciate your photos in the rush of a trip. 35 You’ll most likely find some surprises—a glance(一瞥) of a friend in the background or a dangling(悬挂的) flower from a tree branch. Keep an eye out for anything that makes you happy. Above all, what matters is that the photo is meaningful to you. A. Learn from the professionals. B. Think before you take a photo. C. Try to capture moments or objects that may seem “ordinary”. D. Thus, wait until you’re back home to study your images more carefully. E. Making use of your senses is another way to add dimension to your pictures. F. However, you don’t want to take the same photo that everyone else is taking. G. Such a list can help figure out your photo goals and identify what you’re most excited about. 【答案】31. F 32. B 33. G 34. C 35. D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在度假时拍摄优质照片的几个技巧。 31. 根据上文“Say you’re on vacation at Niagara Falls. You want to take an amazing photo that captures (捕捉) the exceptional beauty of the waterfalls.(假设你在尼亚加拉大瀑布度假。你想拍一张惊人的照片，捕捉到瀑布的非凡之美)”指出假设你正在尼亚加拉瀑布度假，你想拍一张令人惊叹的照片，捕捉瀑布的非凡之美。下文“The thing is you’re not a professional photographer. So, what do you do? Here are some tips that can step up your photography game.(问题是你不是专业摄影师。那么，你是怎么做的?这里有一些技巧可以提高你的摄影水平)”提到了你并非专业摄影师，那么你会怎么做，接下来的几段介绍了能提高摄影水平的几个技巧，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出想拍出不同的照片。故F选项“但是，你不会想拍和别人拍的一样的照片”符合语境，故选F。 32. 根据本段内容“Before you snap (拍摄) a shot, ask yourself: What are you trying to document and why? That may be as simple as saying to yourself: “I’m going to take a picture of this painting at the museum because I like the colors.” It can help you focus on what you want to remember.(在你拍照之前，问问你自己：你想要记录什么，为什么？这可能就像对自己说:“我要在博物馆给这幅画拍张照片，因为我喜欢它的颜色。”它可以帮助你专注于你想要记住的东西)”可知，设空处为小标题，起总结全段主旨的作用。通读该段内容可知，该段介绍的技巧是在拍照之前，你可以问问自己：你想记录什么？为什么？B项概括了本段主旨，适合作小标题。故B选项“拍照前要三思”符合语境，故选B。 33. 根据上文“Professional photographers often create “shot lists”—a checklist of every photo they hope to capture, along with notes on style and composition—to ensure they get the coverage they need. You can try this same approach on your vacation.(专业摄影师通常会创建“拍摄清单”——一份他们希望拍摄的每张照片的清单，以及风格和构图的注释——以确保他们得到他们需要的内容。你可以在度假时尝试同样的方法)”说明了专业摄影师通常会拟订一个“拍摄清单”，确保他们能拍到自己想要的内容。在度假时，你也可以尝试一下这个方法。G项中的Such a list呼应上文中的shot lists。故G选项“这样的清单可以帮助你找出你的摄影目标，并确定你最感兴趣的是什么”符合语境，故选G。 34. 根据该段小标题“Capture the ordinary.(捕捉平凡)”可知，该段介绍的拍照技巧是捕捉普通的事物，C项中的capture和ordinary分别与小标题中的Capture和ordinary构成原词复现。故C选项“试着捕捉那些看起来“普通”的瞬间或物体”符合语境，故选C。 35. 根据上文“It can be hard to appreciate your photos in the rush of a trip.(在匆忙的旅行中很难欣赏你的照片)”说明了在匆忙的旅行中，你可能很难顾得上欣赏你的照片。下文“You’ll most likely find some surprises—a glance (一瞥) of a friend in the background or a dangling (悬挂的) flower from a tree branch. Keep an eye out for anything that makes you happy. Above all, what matters is that the photo is meaningful to you.(你很可能会发现一些惊喜——背景中朋友的一瞥，或者树枝上悬挂着的一朵花。留意任何能让你开心的事情。最重要的是，照片对你来说是有意义的)”指出你很可能会发现一些惊喜，并进行举例说明。D项中的study your images与小标题Study your photos相呼应。故D选项“因此，等到你回家后再仔细研究你的照片”符合语境，故选D。 Passage 8 Writing poetry is a way to express emotions without directly stating what you are describing. Writing poetry for the first time can be challenging, but there are so many ways to start and finish a poem. 36 . People like Emily Dickinson, Edgar Allan Poe and Robert Frost all changed the way people understand and write poetry. Look up some poems by famous writers to see what you like and what you don’t like. Keep in line with your emotions. 37 . You can easily put emotions into your poetry if you understand what you are feeling throughout the day. Try to note whenever you are feeling a strong emotion and what made you feel it. Decide on a theme for your poem. A theme is your topic and your opinion on the topic. 38 In order to create a theme, you have to explain your opinion on what you are writing about. Use rhyming (押韵的) words if you’d like your poem to have rhythm. Some poetry uses rhyming words at the end of each line or every other line to create a flow. If you’d like to use rhyming words in your poetry, try to insert them as you write, instead of thinking of them before you start writing. For example, a poem could use rhyming words, like seen, clean, mean and glean. Feel free to use rhymes in your poetry! 39 . Don’t feel like your poem has to be a certain length. There is no limit as to how long a poem is. Some are a mere sentence long, while others are paragraphs long or even the length of a novel. It all depends on when you are satisfied with your work. 40 . You can work your way up to longer poetry over time. A. Your first poem can be short B. Revise your first draft of your poem C. Remember that not all poems rhyme D. A lot of poetry is flooded with feelings E. Read famous poems as examples to follow F. Something like “a sunflower” is just a topic G. Use descriptive language to create a picture 【答案】36. E 37. D 38. F 39. C 40. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何写出好的诗歌的方法。 36. 根据后文“People like Emily Dickinson, Edgar Allan Poe and Robert Frost all changed the way people understand and write poetry. Look up some poems by famous writers to see what you like and what you don’t like.(像艾米莉·狄金森、埃德加·爱伦·坡和罗伯特·弗罗斯特这样的人都改变了人们理解和写诗的方式。查一些著名作家的诗，看看你喜欢什么，不喜欢什么)”可知，后文列举了写诗的名人，可见是通过阅读名人的诗来学习，故E选项“阅读名诗作为学习的榜样”符合语境，故选E。 37. 根据上文“Keep in line with your emotions.(与你的情绪保持一致)”以及后文“You can easily put emotions into your poetry if you understand what you are feeling throughout the day. Try to note whenever you are feeling a strong emotion and what made you feel it.(如果你能理解自己全天的感受，你就能很容易地把情感融入到诗歌中。当你感觉到一种强烈的情绪时，试着记下是什么让你感觉到这种情绪)”可知，本段主要说明的是诗歌与情绪之间的关系，D选项中feelings对应上文emotions。故D选项“很多诗都充满了感情”符合语境，故选D。 38. 根据上文“Decide on a theme for your poem. A theme is your topic and your opinion on the topic.(为你的诗确定一个主题。主题是你的话题和你对这个话题的看法)”以及后文“In order to create a theme, you have to explain your opinion on what you are writing about.(为了创建一个主题，你必须解释你对所写内容的看法)”可知，本句与诗歌的主题选项相关，F选项中topic对应上文theme。故F选项“像‘向日葵’这样的东西只是一个话题”符合语境，故选F。 39. 根据上文“Use rhyming (押韵的) words if you’d like your poem to have rhythm. Some poetry uses rhyming words at the end of each line or every other line to create a flow. If you’d like to use rhyming words in your poetry, try to insert them as you write, instead of thinking of them before you start writing. For example, a poem could use rhyming words, like seen, clean, mean and glean. Feel free to use rhymes in your poetry! (如果你想让你的诗有节奏，就使用押韵的词。一些诗歌在每一行或每隔一行的末尾使用押韵词来创造流畅。如果你想在你的诗中使用押韵的词，试着在你写作的时候插入它们，而不是在你开始写作之前考虑它们。例如，一首诗可以使用押韵的词，如seen、clean、mean和lean。在你的诗歌中随意使用押韵！)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，与诗歌押韵有关，C选项中rhyme对应上文rhyming words。故C选项“记住不是所有的诗都押韵”符合语境，故选C。 40. 根据后文“You can work your way up to longer poetry over time.(随着时间的推移，你可以逐渐写出更长的诗)”可知，后文提到了写出更长的诗，可知一开始的诗可以很短，故A选项“你的第一首诗可以很短”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 9 4 Reasons Why Wild Animals Are So Important As we know, the earth gives us food, medicines and materials, often through wild animals. These wild animals are important to our existence. Sadly, they are becoming extinct at an alarming rate. We need to change this loss of nature and create a future where wildlife and people thrive 蓬勃发展) again. 41 Here are some reasons why wild animals are so important to the world at large. Wild animals keep balance in ecosystems. 42 If any part is threatened or becomes extinct, this has a knock-on effect on the whole ecosystem. sending shock waves through the environment. For ecosystems to survive and perhaps even thrive, we must protect all of our wildlife. Diversity(多样性) means healthier ecosystems and healthier wild animals. When there is a wildlife issue, you’ll often hear the term biodiversity, which refers to the number of species in an ecosystem. 43 Why do we consider this important? A wide variety of animals means greater productivity and better health. If there are fewer animal species, a disease that affects any species spreads faster and more effectively. 44 All of the food that we eat comes from an animal or plant. Living without various food sources causes our nutrition(营养) to suffer. Protecting wildlife and its natural habitats strengthens food safety for humans around the world. Wildlife helps medical research. Wild animals have helped us find important medicines that help with many diseases. 45 Many medical systems like Chinese traditional medicines still rely on herbs and spices, but even Western medicine have made great progress with wildlife research. A. All living things are interconnected. B. Healthy ecosystems mean a lot of diversity. C. Or we will lose these animals to future generations. D. People worldwide depend on wildlife for their snack. E. Wildlife provides important nutrients for the human race. F. The human race has always turned to nature for medicine. G. We should notice the influence caused by wildlife on culture. 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. E 45. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么野生动物重要的四个原因。 41. 根据设空处前文“We need to change this loss of nature and create a future where wildlife and people thrive (蓬勃发展) again.(我们需要改变这种自然的丧失，创造一个野生动物和人类再次茁壮成长的未来。)”可知，前文主要介绍人类需要保护野生动物，使其能与人类一起在未来蓬勃发展。结合设空处后文列举出的野生动物重要性可知，设空处应承接前文内容，做进一步说明。C项“Or we will lose these animals to future generations.(否则我们的后代将失去这些动物。)”与前文是并列关系，从反面进一步说明保护野生动物很重要。故选C。 42. 根据本段小标题“Wild animals keep balance in ecosystems.(野生动物维持生态系统的平衡。)”及设空处后文“If any part is threatened or becomes extinct, this has a knock-on effect on the whole ecosystem, sending shockwaves through the environment.(如果任何一部分受到威胁或灭绝，就会对整个生态系统产生连锁反应，在整个环境中发出冲击波。)”可知，野生动物保持了生态平衡，所有的生命都是相互联系，相互影响的。因此，设空处应承接主题，同时引出后文。A项“All living things are interconnected.(所有生物都是相互联系的。)”承上启下，符合文意。故选A。 43. 根据设空处后文“Why do we consider this important? A wide variety of animals means greater productivity and better health. If there are fewer animal species, a disease that affects any species spreads faster and more effectively.(为什么我们认为这很重要?种类繁多的动物意味着更高的生产力和更好的健康状况。如果动物种类较少，影响任何物种的疾病就会传播得更快、更有效。)”可知，后文主要介绍动物种类繁多会给人类带来生产力和健康方面的好处。结合本段小标题“Diversity (多样性) means healthier ecosystems and healthier wild animals.(多样性意味着更健康的生态系统和更健康的野生动物。)”可知，本段主要介绍种类繁多的动物与健康的生态系统之间的紧密关系。因此，设空处应承接前文话题，并引出后文内容。B项“Healthy ecosystems mean a lot of diversity.(健康的生态系统意味着多样性。)”承上启下，符合文意。故选B。 44. 根据本段内容“All of the food that we eat comes from an animal or plant. Living without various food sources causes our nutrition (营养) to suffer. Protecting wildlife and its natural habitats strengthens food safety for humans around the world.(我们吃的所有食物都来自动物或植物。没有各种食物来源的生活使我们的营养受到影响。保护野生动物及其自然栖息地可以加强世界各地人类的食品安全。)”可知，本段主要介绍野生动物能满足人类的营养需求。结合前后文段首的结构特点可知，设空处应总结后文。E项“Wildlife provides important nutrients to the human race.(野生动物为人类提供重要的营养。)”总结全段，符合文意。故选E。 45. 根据设空处后文“Many medical systems like Chinese traditional medicines still rely on herbs and spices, but even Western medicine have made great progress with wildlife research.(许多医疗系统，如中药，仍然依赖草药和香料，但即使是西医，也在野生动物研究方面取得了很大进展。)”可知，后文列举中药和西药的例子是为了进一步解释人类向大自然中的动植物寻求药材。因此，设空处应对后文的两个事例做出总结。F项“The human race has always turned to nature for medicine.(人类一直向自然寻求药材。)”概括后文事例，符合文意。故选F。 Passage 10 Natural disasters can cause people’s fears at any age. 46 , but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters. Let’s see how to talk to your children about natural disasters correctly. ● Be honest When there is information about natural disasters, try not to hide it. 47 . They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on. Give proper explanations or even check books out from the library. ● 48 Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns. Deal with any of their fears, big or small, and provide some kind of comfort. Whether these disasters are happening far away or close to home, they need to know that you will keep them safe. ● Make a plan for your family There is no place on Earth that is free from possibly suffering some type of natural disaster. All families should have a disaster plan and emergency supplies at home. Create a family safety plan, and share it with your children. 49 . ● Talk about the helpers 50 . The idea that firefighters, paramedics (护理人员), and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety. A. Answer questions B. Take away your children’s fears C. It is completely natural to be afraid D. They just have to wait with nothing to do E. It can prepare them for what to do if a disaster happens F. Instead, offering detailed information and explanation can help calm your children G. Teach your children about the different types of helpers that show up in a disaster 【答案】46. C 47. F 48. B 49. E 50. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何和孩子谈论自然灾害让孩子正确地面对。 46. 根据空前的“Natural disasters can cause people’s fears at any age.(自然灾害可以引起人们在任何年龄的恐惧。)”可知，任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都有恐惧，结合空后的“but you do have lots of influence on how your children may face the possible disasters.(但是你确实对你的孩子如何面对可能的灾难有很大的影响。)”可知，成人对孩子如何面对灾难有很大的影响，与此空为转折关系，由此可知，此空应是承接上文，且与空后内容为转折关系，C选项“It is completely natural to be afraid(害怕是完全正常的)”讲述的内容承接上文讲述的“任何年龄段的人对自然灾害都会感到恐惧”，且与空后的内容为转折关系，符合语境。故选C项。 47. 根据空前的“When there is information about natural disasters, try not to hide it.(当有关于自然灾害的信息时，尽量不要隐藏它。)”可知，出现自然灾难时不要去隐藏，结合空后的“They may want to know more about where the natural disaster is and the path that it is on.(他们可能想知道更多关于自然灾害的位置和路径。)”可知，孩子们可能想知道更多关于自然灾害的情况，由此可知，此空应涉及到出现自然灾害时应如何处理，F选项“Instead, offering detailed information and explanation can help calm your children(相反，提供详细的信息和解释可以帮助你的孩子平静下来)”讲述的内容是要给孩子同自然灾难的信息和解释对孩子有帮助，与空前内容为转折关系，其中的instead为关键信息，且空后的they指的是F选项中的your children。故选F项。 48. 分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据小标下的“Ask your children what they are nervous about so that you can solve their concerns.(问问你的孩子他们紧张的是什么，这样你就可以解决他们的担忧。)”可知，本段主要讲述的事如何做帮助孩子战胜恐惧，B选项“Take away your children’s fears(消除孩子们的恐惧)”讲述的内容符合本段的内容，且概括了本段的主题。故选B项。 49. 根据本段的主题句“Make a plan for your family(为你的家庭制定一个计划)”可知，本段主要讲述的是为家庭制定一个计划，结合空前的“Create a family safety plan, and share it with your children.(制定一个家庭安全计划，并与你的孩子分享。)”可知，制定一个家庭安全计划，并且与孩子分享，由此可知，此空应进一步讲述这样做的结果是什么，E选项“It can prepare them for what to do if a disaster happens(它可以让他们为灾难发生时的应对做好准备)”讲述的内容进一步对空前内容做出解释，其中的it指代的为空前提到的制定的家庭安全计划，符合语境。故选E项。 50. 根据本段的主题句“Talk about the helpers(谈论救援者)”可知，本段讲述的是与孩子讨论一下帮助者的相关情况，G选项“Teach your children about the different types of helpers that show up in a disaster(告诉你的孩子在灾难中出现的不同类型的救援者)”中涉及到了救援者的相关情况，其中的helpers为词汇复现，且与本段讲述的内容与空后“The idea that firefighters, paramedics (护理人员), and other disaster service workers will be there to help in case of an emergency helps children take away some of the anxiety.(消防员、护理人员(护理人员)和其他灾难服务人员将在紧急情况下提供帮助的想法有助于孩子们消除一些焦虑。)”提到的救援者的相关信息，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东佛山·阶段练习) Born in London on 28 November 1772, Luke Howard was interested in the weather from an early age 51 He was instead easily distracted(分心) by the clouds he could see through the window. He started his career as a pharmacist, producing and sending out medicines for people. 52 He soon became an amateur meteorologist(业余气象学者). In 1802, Howard presented his research in a lecture to the Askesian Society, a club for people who were interested in science. At this point, meteorology hadn't progressed as much as other sciences, because it was difficult to take observations when the weather was always changing. To take his observations, Howard did sketches(草图) of the clouds as they moved and changed in the sky. 53 Howard suggested that although the shapes of clouds were changing, there were three basic types of clouds in the sky, to which he gave Latin names. 54 . The second was“cumulus”, meaning heap(一堆) or pile. And the third was “stratus”, meaning layer or sheet. He also introduced four other cloud types to recognize the changing clouds when they are joining together or breaking apart. In 1803, he published his research in a paper called “On the Modifications of Clouds”. After the publication of Howard's research, the field of meteorology continued to develop. Scientists now have a much greater understanding of weather patterns(模式) all around the world. 55 Professor Liz Bentley, Chief Executive of the Royal Meteorological Society, said, “His scientific work helped us understand our climate.” A. There are now 10 types of clouds. B. But his true passion was meteorology. C. But it was Howard's work that started it all. D. He couldn't stay focused when he was at school. E. This helped him to recognize the forms we know today. F. Howard's findings also inspired the artist John Constable. G. The first was called “cirrus”, which means tendril or hair in Latin. 【答案】51. D 52. B 53. E 54. G 55. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了卢克·霍华德对气象学做出的贡献。 51. 根据下文“He was instead easily distracted by the clouds he could see through the window. ”(相反，他很容易被透过窗户看到的云分散注意力)可知，选项承接下文与下文话题一致，说的都是他不能注意力集中的事情。故D选项“他在学校时不能集中注意力。”切题。故选D项。 52. 根据上文“He started his career as a pharmacist, producing and sending out medicines for people.”(他的职业生涯始于药剂师，为人们生产和分发药品)根据下文“He soon became an amateur meteorologist (业余气象学者).”(他很快就成了一名业余气象学家)可知，选项与上文为转折关系且引起下文，说明他真正热爱的是气象学。故B选项“但他真正热爱的是气象学”切题。meteorology呼应meteorologist (业余气象学者)。故选B项。 53. 根据上文“To take his observations, Howard did sketches (草图) of the clouds as they moved and changed in the sky.”(为了进行观察，霍华德画了云在天空中移动和变化的草图)可知，选项承接上文说明这么做的作用是什么。故E选项“这帮助他认识到我们今天所知道的云的形状”切题。故选E项。 54. 根据下文“The second was“cumulus”, meaning heap (一堆) or pile.”(第二个是“积云”，意思是堆或堆。)可知，选项与下文为并列关系，说明的是第一种类型的云。故G选项“第一种叫做“卷云”，在拉丁语中是卷须或毛发的意思”切题。故选G项。 55. 根据上文“After the publication of Howard's research, the field of meteorology continued to develop. Scientists now have a much greater understanding of weather patterns (模式) all around the world.”(霍华德的研究发表后，气象学领域继续发展。科学家们现在对世界各地的天气模式有了更深入的了解。)可知，选项承接上文说明科学家们现在对世界各地的天气模式有了更深入的了解的原因。故C选项“但这一切都是从霍华德的工作开始的”切题。故选C项。 Passage 12 Internet addiction is a common problem that can be just as damaging as any other form of addiction. 56 Charge devices in another room at night to prevent bedtime browsing. Bedtime browsing can interfere with your sleep due to the blue light your smart phone emits, so stopping bedtime browsing may help you to sleep better. If you often browse the internet on your phone while lying in bed, prevent yourself from doing this by charging your phone in another room of the house. 57 Remove social media apps from your phone. If you find yourself picking up your phone and going on the internet every time you get a notification, delete the social media apps on your phone. 58 This may help to prevent you from accessing these apps on and off all day. 59 Exercising, writing, and doing crossword puzzles are all better alternatives to mindlessly browsing the internet. If you want to reduce the time on the internet but aren’t sure what to do with the extra time, identify some meaningful activities that you enjoy and pick one to do instead when you’re feeling the urge to go online. Reach out to friends and family to build more in-person connections. If you’re longing for social interaction, call up a friend and make plans to do something fun, or arrange a family dinner or game night. 60 look into a special interest group that you can join. Attend in-person meetings to connect with other people sharing your interests, and you can make new friends and distract yourself from the internet. A. Use relaxation techniques to reduce stress. B. Replace internet use with a healthy activity. C. If you don’t have friends or family who you can turn to, D. When you feel bored and want to do something to kill time, E. Make it a rule that you can only check them on your computer. F. If you rely too much on the internet, the following strategies may help you. G. In this case, read a book or use a relaxation technique to help you wind down. 【答案】56. F 57. G 58. E 59. B 60. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了有助于戒掉网瘾的策略。 56. 上文“Internet addiction is a common problem that can be just as damaging as any other form of addiction.(网瘾是一种常见的问题，它和其他形式的成瘾一样具有破坏性)”提到网瘾问题，下文介绍了一些有助于戒掉网瘾的方法，F项“如果你过于依赖互联网，下面的策略可能会对你有所帮助”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 57. 上文“If you often browse the internet on your phone while lying in bed, prevent yourself from doing this by charging your phone in another room of the house.(如果你经常躺在床上用手机上网，那就到别的房间给手机充电吧)”提到去别的房间给手机充电，G项“在这种情况下，读一本书或使用放松技巧来帮助你放松下来”承接上文，讲述没有手机的情况下可以做些别的事情来放松，故选G。 58. 上文“If you find yourself picking up your phone and going on the internet every time you get a notification, delete the social media apps on your phone.(如果你发现自己每次收到通知就会拿起手机上网，那就删除手机上的社交媒体应用程序)”提到删除手机上的社交媒体应用程序，E项“规定自己只能在电脑上查看”承接上文，删除手机上的应用程序，规定自己只能在电脑上查看通知，下文“This may help to prevent you from accessing these apps on and off all day.(这可能有助于防止你整天打开和关闭这些应用程序)”中的 “This”指代E项内容，故选E。 59. 根据本段内容“Exercising, writing, and doing crossword puzzles are all better alternatives to mindlessly browsing the internet. If you want to reduce the time on the internet but aren’t sure what to do with the extra time, identify some meaningful activities that you enjoy and pick one to do instead when you’re feeling the urge to go online.(锻炼、写作和做填字游戏都是比盲目浏览互联网更好的选择。如果你想减少上网的时间，但又不知道该怎么利用这些额外的时间，那就找一些你喜欢的有意义的活动，在你想上网的时候选一个去做)”可知，本段是说从事一些比上网更好的有意义的活动，B项“用健康的活动代替上网”符合语境，故选B。 60. 上文“If you’re longing for social interaction, call up a friend and make plans to do something fun, or arrange a family dinner or game night.(如果你渴望社交互动，打电话给朋友，计划做一些有趣的事情，或者安排家庭晚餐或游戏之夜)”提到和朋友或家人进行一些互动，结合下文“look into a special interest group that you can join(找一个你可以加入的特殊兴趣小组)”提到其他的活动，故此处指如果找不到可以联系的朋友或家人，就去加入一个兴趣小组，C项“如果你没有可以联系到的朋友或家人”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 13 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北邯郸·期中) There are over 15 million restaurants in the world. According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, when combined(合并), food that is produced by these restaurants is more or less enough for the customers. About 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted. 61 It’s really a pity that billions’ worth of food is wasted. 62 For it’s rather difficult to recycle or reduce waste if big companies aren’t going to stop sending out gas into the atmosphere(大气), or cutting down entire forests to provide the world with food to satisfy its hunger for cattle and coffee. 63 CNN World reports that restaurants in California right now are trying out a new way to fight food waste in the form of the surcharge(附加费) that aims to help farmers. The initiative (倡议) is still optional for restaurants. According to Anthony Myint, the organizer of the initiative, he hopes that restaurants do take the lead, and that they try to do what they can to ease environmental concerns. 64 It shows their dishes are eco-friendly and nutritious(有营养的). Myint hopes at least 200 restaurants sign on for their statewide programme by the end of this year so that the farmers could receive funding that could reach $10 million per year. 65 This partnership is an opportunity for eaters and buyers to share in land-based solutions. A. The food is very cheap. B. It will be used to promote healthier soil. C. We can really save a lot of money in fact. D. Despite all this, restaurants are trying to change that. E. These billions’ worth of wasted food is also expensive. F. However, it would be too difficult to just keep everything. G. He also shares how he wants to eventually see Restore California signs on restaurants. 【答案】61. E 62. F 63. D 64. G 65. B 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了全球餐馆食物浪费的问题以及加利福尼亚州餐馆为应对这一问题所采取的新举措——通过附加费帮助农民并促进环保。 61. 由上文“There are over 15 million restaurants in the world. According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, when combined (合并), food that is produced by these restaurants is more or less enough for the customers. About 1.3 billion tons of food is wasted. (世界上有超过1500万家餐馆。根据联合国粮食及农业组织的一份报告，这些餐馆生产的食物加起来对顾客来说或多或少是足够的。大约有13亿吨食物被浪费。)”可知，上文提到了全球餐馆产生的食物浪费总量达到了约13亿吨，因此接下来自然会强调这些被浪费的食物价值不菲，选项E“These billions’ worth of wasted food is also expensive.(这些价值数十亿美元的浪费食品也是昂贵的。)”能承接上文的这一话题，指出这些浪费的食物不仅量大，其经济价值也高，进一步突出了食物浪费问题的严重性。故选E。 62. 由上文“It’s really a pity that billions’ worth of food is wasted (很遗憾，数十亿的食物被浪费了。)”和下文“For it’s rather difficult to recycle or reduce waste if big companies aren’t going to stop sending out gas into the atmosphere (大气), or cutting down entire forests to provide the world with food to satisfy its hunger for cattle and coffee. (因为如果大公司不停止向大气中排放气体，或者不停止砍伐整个森林来为世界提供食物来满足人们对牛和咖啡的渴望，那么回收或减少废物是相当困难的。)”可知，上文提到食物浪费的可惜，下文指出如果大型公司不停止排放温室气体或砍伐整片森林以提供食物来满足人们对肉类和咖啡的需求，那么回收或减少浪费将相当困难。因此，本空可能会继续探讨解决食物被浪费这一问题的难度，选项F“However, it would be too difficult to just keep everything. (然而，仅仅保留所有东西太难了)”中的too difficult与后文的difficult相呼应，表明保持现状不改变是行不通的，需要采取新的措施，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 63. 由下文“CNN World reports that restaurants in California right now are trying out a new way to fight food waste in the form of the surcharge (附加费) that aims to help farmers. The initiative (倡议) is still optional for restaurants. (据CNN世界报道，加州的餐馆正在尝试一种新的方式来对抗食物浪费，即收取附加费，旨在帮助农民。该倡议对餐馆来说仍然是可选的。)”可知，后文是餐馆为改变这一现状所做的努力，选项D“Despite all this, restaurants are trying to change that. (尽管如此，餐馆仍在努力改变这一现状。)”表明尽管面临挑战，餐馆行业仍在尝试做出改变，能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。 64. 由上文“According to Anthony Myint, the organizer of the initiative, he hopes that restaurants do take the lead, and that they try to do what they can to ease environmental concerns. (据该倡议的组织者Anthony Myint说，他希望餐馆能够带头，并尽其所能缓解对环境的担忧。)”可知，前文提到了Anthony Myint作为倡议的组织者，希望餐馆能积极参与并尽力缓解环境问题。接下来自然会讲述他的进一步期望或计划，选项G“He also shares how he wants to eventually see Restore California signs on restaurants. (他还分享了他希望最终在餐馆上看到“恢复加州”标志的想法。)”旨在通过标识展示餐馆对环保的支持，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 65. 由上文“Myint hopes at least 200 restaurants sign on for their statewide programme by the end of this year so that the farmers could receive funding that could reach $10 million per year. (Myint希望到今年年底至少有200家餐馆签署他们的全州计划，这样农民就可以获得每年1000万美元的资金。)”可知，前文提到希望通过这一倡议筹集的资金，这部分资金的具体用途自然成为接下来要说明的内容，选项B“It will be used to promote healthier soil. (它将用于促进土壤的健康。)”中的It指代前面提到的资金，promote healthier soil则具体阐述了这些资金的用途，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 14 Working out is such an important part of your overall health. 66 While starting an exercise routine might seem demanding, don’t worry. Choose your inspiration and set a clear, achievable goal. Having a goal can really help you feel motivated. Take a few minutes to think about why you’re working out and what you want to achieve. 67 Write down your goal and post it somewhere you’ll see it regularly, like your bathroom mirror or on your fridge. 68 Decide how many days a week you’ll be able to work out. Ideally, you should get at least 30 minutes of exercise per day, 5 days a week. However, if you’re trying to achieve a certain goal, you might want to consider working out for about an hour several days a week. Push yourself to work hard. The trick is to do it safely and in a controlled manner. If you ran 2 miles yesterday and felt worn out later, don’t try to run 5 miles today. Instead, find a level of effort that leaves you feeling like you got in a good workout. 69 Work as much of your body as you can. The more parts of your body receive exercise, the more you’ll notice exercises’ positive effects on your weight, mood, stress levels, sleeping patterns, and overall sense of well-being. 70 But some options are better than others. Lifting free weights, for example, works more muscle groups than using targeted weightlifting machines. A. It’s good for both your body and mind! B. As always, any exercise is good exercise. C. Figure out a schedule that suits your needs. D. Set a date when you want to accomplish your goal, too. E. You can record each of your workouts on your phone with them. F. If you want to feel energized, you’ll need to ensure some good sleep. G. Then try to slightly add on to the intensity of that level every couple of weeks. 【答案】66. A 67. D 68. C 69. G 70. B 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了锻炼对身心健康的重要性，并给出了如何制定锻炼计划和目标、如何安排锻炼时间以及如何安全有效地进行锻炼等实用建议。 66. 根据前文“Working out is such an important part of your overall health.(锻炼是你整体健康的重要组成部分)”可知，锻炼对健康很有益处，A项“It’s good for both your body and mind!(这对你的身心都有好处!)”是对前句的详细说明，符合文意。故选A项。 67. 根据前文“Having a goal can really help you feel motivated. Take a few minutes to think about why you’re working out and what you want to achieve.(有一个目标真的能让你有动力。花几分钟想想你为什么要锻炼，你想要达到什么目标)”可知，本段主要讲述为锻炼设立目标，所以D项“Set a date when you want to accomplish your goal, too.(设定一个你想要完成目标的日期)”符合本段主题，为目标设立日期。故选D项。 68. 空处位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Decide how many days a week you’ll be able to work out. Ideally, you should get at least 30 minutes of exercise per day, 5 days a week. However, if you’re trying to achieve a certain goal, you might want to consider working out for about an hour several days a week.(决定你一周能锻炼多少天。理想情况下，你应该每周锻炼5天，每天至少锻炼30分钟。然而，如果你想达到一个特定的目标，你可能需要考虑每周锻炼几天，每次锻炼一个小时左右)”可知，本段主要讲述了制定合适的时间表，所以C项“Figure out a schedule that suits your needs.(找出一个适合你需要的时间表)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选C项。 69. 根据前文“The trick is to do it safely and in a controlled manner. If you ran 2 miles yesterday and felt worn out later, don’t try to run 5 miles today. Instead, find a level of effort that leaves you feeling like you got in a good workout.(关键是要安全、可控地做这件事。如果你昨天跑了2英里，然后觉得累了，今天就不要试着跑5英里。相反，找到一个让你感觉自己得到了良好锻炼的努力程度)”可知，本段主要讲述锻炼时要量力而行，所以G项“Then try to slightly add on to the intensity of that level every couple of weeks.(然后试着每隔几周增加一点强度)”是进一步说明锻炼时需要考虑量力而行，符合本段主题。故选G项。 70. 根据前文“Work as much of your body as you can. The more parts of your body receive exercise, the more you’ll notice exercises’ positive effects on your weight, mood, stress levels, sleeping patterns, and overall sense of well-being.(尽可能多地锻炼你的身体。你身体的各个部位得到的锻炼越多，你就越会注意到锻炼对你的体重、情绪、压力水平、睡眠模式和整体幸福感的积极影响)”以及后文“But some options are better than others.(但有些选择比其他选择更好)”可知，前文在讲述运动的好处，后文讲有些选择比其他选择更好，所以空处应是一个过渡句，B项“As always, any exercise is good exercise.(一如既往，任何运动都是好的运动)”符合文意，承接上文，和下文构成转折关系。故选B项。 Passage 15 Grain Rain is the sixth solar term(节气) in the twenty-four solar terms, which is from an old Chinese saying — rain produces hundreds of grains. 71 . The Chinese name of Grain Rain was originated from a folk story. When Cang Jie, an official in the Yellow Emperor period, created a set of characters from observing the tracks of animals, countless grain came down from the sky like rainfall. 72 . Because of the legend, April 20 has been named as the annual UN Chinese Language Day since 2010 by the United Nations’ Department of Public Information. It is roughly around the Grain Rain day, which falls between April 19 and April 21. 73 . The southern China has the custom of picking tea in the Grain Rain season. The newly-picked spring tea in the Grain Rain season is rich in nutrients(营养物) and has the functions of heat-clearing and eyesight-clearing. 74 . Seeing peonies(牡丹) three days after Grain Rain has become a tradition in northern China. Because the flowering of the peonies happens during Grain Rain, it is also known as the “Flower of the Grain Rain”. 75 . Chinese people also link peonies with wealth and rank. A. There is an interesting folk story about Grain Rain B. The customs of Grain Rain vary from place to place C. Therefore, the Yellow Emperor named this day as guyu D. The flower represents grace and honor in Chinese culture E. They play an important role in our traditional farming society F. This means the rain is important for the growth of grain at this time of year G. On the day of Grain Rain, people will come to pick some new tea and drink it 【答案】71. F 72. C 73. B 74. G 75. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国二十四节气中的第六个节气——谷雨。 71. 上文引用了中国谚语“rain produces hundreds of grains(雨生百谷)”，F项“This means the rain is important for the growth of grain at this time of year (这意味着在每年的这个时候，雨水对谷物的生长很重要)”对其作出解释，句中指示代词This指代上文谚语，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 72. 上文“The Chinese name of Grain Rain was originated from a folk story. When Cang Jie, an official in the Yellow Emperor period, created a set of characters from observing the tracks of animals, countless grain came down from the sky like rainfall.(谷雨的中文名来源于一个民间故事。当黄帝时期的官员仓颉通过观察动物的足迹创造出一套文字时，无数的谷物像雨水一样从天而降)”提出谷雨的名称源于一个民间故事，并讲述了这一故事，C项“Therefore, the Yellow Emperor named this day as guyu (因此，黄帝将这一天命名为谷雨)”作为故事的结语，点名词“谷雨”的由来，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 73. 下文“The southern China has the custom of picking tea in the Grain Rain season.(中国南方有谷雨时节采茶的习俗)”列举了南方谷雨时节采茶的习俗，是对B项“The customs of Grain Rain vary from place to place(谷雨的习俗因地而异)”的举例说明，上下文中customs一词是线索词。故选B项。 74. 上文“The newly-picked spring tea in the Grain Rain season is rich in nutrients (营养物) and has the functions of heat-clearing and eyesight-clearing.(谷雨时节新采的春茶营养丰富，具有清热明目的功效)”介绍和谷雨时节新茶的好处，G项“On the day of Grain Rain, people will come to pick some new tea and drink it(在谷雨的那一天，人们会来采摘一些新茶喝)”承接上文，人们因春茶的益处和功效而选择采摘品尝，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 75. 根据下文“Chinese people also link peonies with wealth and rank.(中国人还把牡丹与财富和地位联系在一起)”中also可知，设空句中也会提到牡丹的象征意义，D项“The flower represents grace and honor in Chinese culture (在中国文化中，花代表着优雅和荣誉)”说明牡丹象征着优雅和荣誉，与下文构成并列关系。故选D项。 Passage 16 Some of Harry Potter’s stories have been made into movies. After a long search, the filmmakers found Daniel Radcliffe to play the part of Harry in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. The movies turn out to be a big success. Have you ever read Harry Potter’s adventures? 76 . The boy wizard Harry Potter is an unhappy 11-year-old boy. He lives with his Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon Dursley and their awful son Dudley. Harry is a wizard, but he doesn’t know it! 77 . They both died in the fighting with the evil wizard Voldemort when Harry was just a baby. Harry was hidden in the unmagical Dursleys to protect him from Voldemort. Harry’s adventures begin when he is accepted to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. There, he meets adults like Headmaster Albus Dumbledore and Groundskeeper Rubeus Hagrid. He also befriends schoolmates like Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, and meets rivals like Draco Malfoy. 78 , a game a little like soccer that is played on flying broomsticks. The Harry Potter novels tell the adventures of Harry at Hogwarts. Each book covers one school year in Harry’s life, starting at age 11. Success story Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was a big success. 79 . It was then published in North America with a slightly different title: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. The story was very popular there, as well. Other books about Harry followed: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. The novels have been translated into more than 30 languages and have sold millions and millions of copies. 80 ! A. His mother was a witch and his father was a wizard B. Once you have read about Harry Potter, you will understand him easier C. Harry is also quite brave, though he still has fear D. It won Prizes for Children’s Literature in the United Kingdom E. If not, then let’s quickly introduce him F. He learns magic and how to play Quidditch G. The arrival of a new Harry Potter book is a worldwide event 【答案】76. E 77. A 78. F 79. D 80. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了有关《哈利·波特》的书籍获得巨大成功。 76. 上文“Have you ever read Harry Potter’s adventures? (你读过哈利波特的历险记吗？)”提问是否读过哈利波特的故事，选项E“如果没有，那就让我们快速介绍一下”回答上文，引出文章主题。故选E项。 77. 上文“Harry is a wizard, but he doesn’t know it! (哈利是一个巫师，但他不知道！)”说明哈利是一个巫师，选项A“他的母亲是女巫，父亲是巫师”承接上文，谈到哈利的父母都是巫师，引领下文“They both died in the fighting with the evil wizard Voldemort when Harry was just a baby. (当哈利还是个婴儿的时候，他们都死于与邪恶巫师伏地魔的战斗。)”介绍哈利父母作为巫师的故事。故选A项。 78. 上文(段首)“Harry’s adventures begin when he is accepted to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. (哈利的冒险从他被霍格沃茨魔法学校录取开始。)”等说明哈利被魔法学校录取，选项F“他学习魔法和玩Quidditch”承接上文，介绍哈利在学校学习魔法，下文“a game a little like soccer that is played on flying broomsticks (一种在飞天扫帚上玩的有点像足球的游戏)”作Quidditch的同位语，对其进行解释说明。故选F项。 79. 上文“Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was a big success. (《哈利·波特与魔法石》大获成功。)”说明这本书非常成功，选项D“它在英国获得了儿童文学奖”承接上文，具体说明成功奖项。故选D项。 80. 上文“The novels have been translated into more than 30 languages and have sold millions and millions of copies. (这些小说已被翻译成30多种语言，销量达数百万册。)”说明这些小说被世界各地广泛阅读，选项G“《哈利·波特》新书的问世是一件世界性的大事”承接上文，说明《哈利·波特》新书是世界性的大事。故选G项。 ( 17 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$