暑假作业07 情态动词和省略(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空)-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（译林版2020）

暑假作业07 情态动词和省略(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 考点一、情态动词 (一)情态动词后接的动词形式 形式 表达的含义 情态动词后接一般式：情态动词+do 表示情态动词的基本含义 I could lift the heavy box.我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。 We can go out for a walk after supper, if you like.如果你愿意，我们可以晚饭后出去散步。 情态动词后接进行式: 情态动词+ be doing 表示对现在正在进行的动作进行推测 He must be doing his homework now.他现在肯定在做他的家庭作业。 情态动词后接完成式：情态动词+have done 表示对过去情况的推测或与事实相反的虚拟。 1. must have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测，把握性大，意为“一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。 Tom must have arrived home by now.现在汤姆肯定已经到家了。 2. may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，把握性小，意为“也许已经做过某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。 John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。 3. can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，可通用。can’t语气更加强烈一些。 She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能听见你敲门。 (二) 基本用法 情态动词 基本用法 can/could (1)当表示能力的时候，could 是can 的过去式。 I can play the table tennis, but I couldn’t last year.我会打乒乓球了，但是去年我还不会。 (2)can和could用于疑问句和否定句中意为“不可能”，表示可能性 That can’t be Mary, for she is visiting in Africa.那不可能是玛丽,因为她在非洲旅游。 (3)当表示请求和许可的时，could语气更委婉。 Can this news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？ --Can/Could I go now? --Yes，you can. ----我现在可以走了吗？----是的，可以。 (4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。 may与might (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。 (2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。 (3)may用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。 must (1)表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn’t(不准，禁止)。 (2)表示可能性，must只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。 (3)must带有感情色彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。 need 意为“需要”，其否定式为needn’t(不必)。 will/would (1)表示意志、意愿和决心。will指现在，would指过去。 (2)表示请求。would表示更委婉的语气. (3)表示规律性的“注定会”或习惯性的动作，意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。 shall (1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。 (2)shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。 (3)用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示正式文件、法律、规章制度等中的义务或规定。 should/ought to (1)表示义务或建议，意为“应该”。 (2)也可以表示主观判断，意思是“可能会，应该会”。 dare/need (1)作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句中。 (2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to可以省略。need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。 【归纳】情态动词may与can, 动词原形跟后边。不单作谓词义添, shall, will也常见。建议能力可能现, 命令请求可委婉。must必须dare敢, 过去情态词形变。用法分清多勤练, 素养提升在瞬间。 考点二. 省略 (一)常见的几种省略 类别 具体内容 例句 不 定 式 的 省 略 在动词不定式中，为避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to，否定式的省略用not to —Would you like to go with us？ —I'm glad to, but I'm too busy. --你愿意和我们一起去吗? --我很乐意，但是我太忙了。 The husband wanted to smoke but was told by his wife not to. 丈夫想抽烟，但他妻子叫他不要。 感官动词和使役动词后作宾补的不定式要省to；但被动语态中的to不可省 I saw her enter the room just now. →She was seen to enter the room just now. 我刚才看见她进了房间。→刚才有人看见她进了房间。 介词but、except前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的就是等着瞧。 并 列 句 中 的 省 略 ①如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分 ②主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略 ③主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语 ④在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等成分与第一个并列句相同，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分 ①John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 约翰一定是在踢足球，而玛丽一定是在做作业。 ②His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry. 他的建议使约翰高兴，但(他的建议)使玛丽生气。 ③Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but (he) soon returned to his old ways. 老麦克唐纳戒烟了一段时间，但很快又恢复了老习惯。 y，but I know John won't (sing at the party). 杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会(在晚会上)唱歌。 复 合 句 中 的 省 略 状语从句中的省略： 当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词 ①在as、before、till、once、when、while等引导的时间状语从句中 ②在though、although等引导的让步状语从句中 ③在if、unless(＝if…not)等引导的条件状语从句中 ④在as、as if/though引导的方式状语从句中 ⑤在as/so…as…、than引导的比较状语从句中 ①While(I was)waiting，I was reading some magazines. 当我在等的时候，我在看一些杂志。 ②Though(they were)tired，they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们继续工作。 ③You shouldn't come to his party unless(you were)invited. 除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的聚会。 ④He did as(he had been)told. 他照吩咐做了。 ⑤This car doesn't run as fast as that one(does). 这辆汽车跑得不如那辆快。 I know you can do better than he(can do). 我知道你能做得比他更好 定语从句的省略 在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词that, which, who, whom代替先行词作宾语时，可以省略关系代词。 定语从句中省略的特殊用法 当the way在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词可以省略。 (定语从句in which he behaves, 先行词为the way, 先行词在定语从句中充当方式状语，所以此处关系代词可以省略。) (定语从句in which the company operates,先行词为the way,先行词在定语从句中从当方式状语，所以此处关系代词可以省略。) ①Who was the girl that he spoke to just now?→ Who was the girl he was spoke to just now? 刚刚他与之交谈的那个女孩是谁？ (定语从句that he spoke to just now，先行词为the girl，此处关系代词that代替先行词the girl, 在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词that可以省略。) ② I live near the river which I used to swim in. →I live near the river I used to swim in. 我生活在我过去游泳的那条河流旁边。 (定语从句which I used to swim in，先行词为the river，此处关系代词which代替先行词the river，在定语从句中作宾语 ，所以关系代词which可以省略。) I don’t like the way in which/ that he behaves. →I don’t like the way he behaves. 我不喜欢他行事的方式。 The way in which/that the company operates is really successful. →The way the company operates is really successful. 这家公司运行的方式真的很成功。 宾语从句的省略 谓语动词后的宾语从句，由that引导时，连接词that可以省略。 宾语从句省略的特殊性： 在并列宾语从句中，第一个that可以省略，第二个及之后的that不可以省略。 He warned me (that) the danger ahead would threaten my life. 他警告我，前方的危险会威胁我的生命。 Everybody knows (that) protecting the environment means a lot. 每个人都知道保护环境很重要。 He promised the local people (that) he would raise some funds and that he would set up a school. 他承诺当地人他会筹集一些资金并且建立一所学校。 (二) 其他的省略情况 1.动词不定式的省略 动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to。 —Would you like to go with us ? —I’m glad to (go with us), but I have to finish my homework. --你想和我们一起去吗？--我很乐意去，但是我不得不完成作业。 The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to (play football in the street). 这个男孩想在街上踢足球，但他妈妈告诉他不要在街上踢足球。 2.虚拟语气中的省略 在含有were, had, should的if引导虚拟条件句中常可以省略if而将were, had, should置于句首。 If you should take my advice into consideration, I would be more than grateful. →Should you take my advice into consideration, I would be more than grateful. 如果你能采纳我的建议，我将不胜感激。 If it had not been for Mr. Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve wouldn't have achieved his dream at last. →Had it not been for Mr. Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve wouldn't have achieved his dream at last. 要不是 Mr.Rowe 的耐心和鼓励，Steve 是无法最终实现他的梦想的。 If he were absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted. →Were he absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted. 如果他缺席了这个会，他会失去晋升的机会。 表“命令、要求、建议”等意义的名词性从句中用“should+动词原形”，should常可省略。 The headmaster suggests that all the students (should) do exercise for thirty minute every day to be in good health. 校长建议所有的学生应该每天锻炼30分钟保持健康状态。 3.使用so,not等时的省略。 在英语中,可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 —Is he coming back tonight?他今晚回来吗?—I think so/not.我认为会回来(不会回来)。 4.介词的省略。 　　一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构: ①have difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth.②be busy(in) doing sth.③spend some time(in) doing sth. ④stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 【口诀归纳】回答问题要简洁，并列重复须省略。祈使主语必省略，比较than后须省略。宾从表从that省略，主从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，惯用习语常省略。 单句语法填空 1. Her appearance has changed so much that you ________ well not recognize her. 2. It was said that the old lady ________ sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the front. 3. You ________ be tired after four hours’ reading. 4. It ________(rain) last night, for the road is quite muddy. 5. The ship would ________(sink) with all on board but for the captain. 6. The ground is rather wet, so it ________(rain) last night. 7. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight when he could ________(steal) the money and paid for a place to stay in. 8. With the loss of blood, he couldn’t ________(survive) for very long after being shot. 9. —Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. —I ________. See you later. 10. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He  ________(drink) too much at the party last night. 11. She ________ not go out alone at night. 12. I really  ________  thank you enough. It’s been an amazing day! 13. I had a bad stomachache. You ________ better phone a doctor. 14. It  ________  be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. 15. Why  ________  you do everything as if you have to win? 16. It never occurred to me that she  ________  lie to me again. 17. The boy  ________  speak three languages when he was 12 years old. 18. She  ________  have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then. 19. —School is over. How can we contact Robert? —Try phoning him. He  ________  be home by now. He lives only a stone’s throw from the school. 20. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents  ________  be reported to the safety officer. 21. You ________ have taken so much cash with you, you know—that shop accepted checks. 22. Sometimes smiles around the world ________ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. 23. ________(shall) he come, the problem would be settled. 24.To be honest, I oughtn’t ________ have been driving so fast. 25. I want to tell you that I ________ rather die than give in to these selfish people. 26. When ________(walk) his dog in the park, he came across an old friend of his. 27. Though ________(treat) unfairly in the new company, Shelly always kept a positive mind. 28. Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if ________(root) to the spot. 29. When ________(complete), the task would be made public. 30. Virtual choir members record themselves while ________(perform) alone on video. 31. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If ________, let me know what time suits you best. 32. When deeply ________(absorb) in his phone, he didn’t notice his mother approaching. 33. I felt concerned when ________(watch) the documentary. 34. Some think graffiti is a crime if ________(do) without a property owner’s permission. 35. These books will be put to the best use if ________(donate) to the local library. 36. If ________(give) more time, we are bound to complete the task better. 37. He opened his mouth as if ________(say) something. 38. When ________(walk) down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years. 39. Though ________(defeat) many times, the unemployed man didn’t lose heart. 40. When ________(question) by the police, the thief admitted the theft at last. 41. Geothermal(地热的) power generation is one of our most stable renewable energy resource. All you have to do is ________(drill)(钻孔) deep enough and you will find hot rock. 42. Her job is to take care of the elders and ________(wash) their clothes. 43. Knowing some tips will help ________(sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. 44. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me ________(load) Tiffy into the plane. 45. A burst of laughter made him ________(straight) himself and look around. 46. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not ________. 47. Rather than ________(cause)problems, he is going to help us. 48. Facebook is considering to make its website page ________(look) more beautiful. 49. The boss had her assistant ________(buy) some food for us. 50. All you have to do is ________(select)the photos of healthy food. 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 In a new cartoon named Turtle Journey, Greenpeace UK, an environmental organization, 1 (highlight) ocean destruction from the perspective of a family of sea turtles. 2 (create) the film, Greenpeace UK teamed up with Aardman Animations, as well as Oscar-winning actors and stars. The 3 (power) film follows the family of turtles as they make their way across the seafloor to their home on a coral reef. “Our ocean 4 (drive) to breaking point during the past few years but it’s a story that doesn’t get told often enough,” says Will Mccallum, head of ocean at Greenpeace UK. Ocean damage is 5 (serious) affecting sea turtles and other sea creatures, many of which 6 (face) with extinction at present. “The story of this turtle family 7 (attempt) to get home in the damaged and changing ocean is a 8 (real) for many ocean creatures that are having their habitats destroyed due to human activity,” says actress Olivia Colman, 9 voices a character in the film. “It is my hope 10 this film can inspire more people to take action to protect our ocean.” Passage 2 The guqin, China’s oldest stringed instrument, has existed for over 3,000 years. The earliest piece, 11 (unearth) in Hubei province in 2016, dates back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of wood and seven strings of silk, but unlike its seemingly simple appearance, it takes over a hundred working procedures 12 (make) the instrument, including material selection, painting and tuning. It is 13 extremely demanding job. The guqin, along with the game of Go, calligraphy and painting, 14 (expect) to be mastered by noblemen and scholars in ancient China. The most distinguished guqin 15 (music) was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn & Warring States Periods. As he played the guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard it and understood exactly 16 was expressed in the music. This deep understanding formed a strong bond 17 them, and they became close friends. This is the famous tale behind the guqin masterpiece, High Mountains, Flowing Water, 18 has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the greatest compositions in Chinese guqin music. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained guqin players and perhaps no more than fifty 19 (survive) masters. The original several thousand compositions have 20 (significant) declined to a mere hundred works that are regularly performed today. Passage 3 The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 21 (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” 22 (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it 23 (know) as “qipao”, which has a history behind it. After the early Manchu(满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore 24 (normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. 25 the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. The cheongsam 26 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be short, medium or full 27 (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated 28 (make). Nor 29 it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an 30 (impress) of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. Passage 4 He could still remember the day when he first met her. It was a bright morning 31 (fill) with the sweet smell of flowers in the air. While 32 (walk) along the path, he saw a girl sitting under a tree, reading a book. Her longhair flowing in the breeze, she seemed like an angel. The book she was reading, 33 classic, caught his attention. He really had a strong desire 34 (talk) to her, but he didn’t have the courage. Finally, after gathering up all his 35 (brave), he walked towards her. “Excuse me, but can I join you?” he asked. She looked up, and her big eyes, 36 were like shining stars, met his. A smile appeared on her face. “ 37 (sound) great!” she replied. For the next few hours they talked and laughed about everything, sharing their stories and dreams 38 particular. He thought that maybe this was the beginning of something wonderful, something he had been waiting for all along. 39 he didn’t know that this moment 40 (become) a memory he would hold dear for the rest of his life. －Adapted from “Wuthering Heights” Passage 5 In today’s world, technology has become a necessary part of our lives. However, with the increasing _____41____ (present) of technology, we also face challenges _____42_____ arise from its use. One of the concerns that technology poses (造成) ____43__ (be) the use of persuasive design techniques. Today, many apps and platforms ____44____ (design) to keep us engaged for as long as possible, often leading to addictive behavior. To navigate this dilemma (窘境), we need to be aware ___45___ these techniques and take intentional steps ____46____ (limit) our usage. Setting time limits for app usage, disabling unnecessary notifications (通知), and _____47_____ (practise) mindfulness when using technology can help us break free from the grip of persuasive design. Another concern comes from balancing our virtual and real relationships. We can ___48____ (easy) get caught up in the virtual world while ignoring our face-to-face interactions. To address this, we must set aside time for real-life connections and prioritize (优先考虑) ______49____ (meaning) interactions with those around us. Navigating responsible technology use is ______50______ ongoing journey in our ever-changing digital landscape. We should use technology for the greater good while looking out for its potential traps. Together, we can shape a more responsible technological future. 【答案】41. presence 42. that##which 43. is 44. are designed 45. of 46. to limit 47. practicing 48. easily 49. meaningful 50. an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了技术普及带来的挑战，包括说服性设计技术导致的上瘾行为和虚拟世界对现实社交的影响，并提出了应对措施，倡导负责任地使用技术并警惕其潜在陷阱。 41.考查名词。句意：然而，随着技术的日益普及，我们也面临着使用技术带来的挑战。increasing是形容词，修饰名词，present的名词是presence，意为“存在”，是不可数名词，故填presence。 42.考查定语从句。句意：然而，随着技术的日益普及，我们也面临着使用技术带来的挑战。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词challenges是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that或which。 43.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：技术带来的担忧之一是说服性设计技术的使用。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语One of the concerns是单数，因此空格处用is，故填is。 44.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，许多应用和平台的设计都是为了让我们尽可能长时间地沉浸其中，这往往会导致上瘾行为。应用和平台是被设计，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语apps and platforms是复数，因此空格处是are designed。故填are designed。 45.考查介词。句意：为了应对这种困境，我们需要了解这些技术，并有意识地采取措施限制我们的使用。be aware of是固定短语，意为“意识到”，因此空格处用介词of，故填of。 46.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了应对这种困境，我们需要了解这些技术，并有意识地采取措施限制我们的使用。take steps to do是固定短语，意为“采取措施做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to limit，故填to limit。 47.考查非谓语动词。句意：设置应用程序使用的时间限制，禁用不必要的通知，在使用技术时练习正念，可以帮助我们摆脱说服性设计的束缚。空格处用动名词practicing作主语，故填practicing。 48.考查副词。句意：我们很容易沉浸在虚拟世界中，而忽略了面对面的互动。空格处用副词easily修饰动词get，easily意为“容易地，轻易地”，故填easily。 49.考查形容词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我们必须留出时间与现实生活中的人建立联系，优先考虑与周围的人进行有意义的互动。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词interactions，此处表示“我们必须留出时间与现实生活中的人建立联系，优先考虑与周围的人进行有意义的互动”，空格处意为“有意义的”，形容词是meaningful。故填meaningful。 50.考查冠词。句意：在我们不断变化的数字环境中，引导负责任地使用技术是一段持续的旅程。journey是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，ongoing是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 暑假作业07 情态动词和省略(单句语法填空+语篇语法填空) 考点一、情态动词 (一)情态动词后接的动词形式 形式 表达的含义 情态动词后接一般式：情态动词+do 表示情态动词的基本含义 I could lift the heavy box.我能把那个沉重的盒子举起来。 We can go out for a walk after supper, if you like.如果你愿意，我们可以晚饭后出去散步。 情态动词后接进行式: 情态动词+ be doing 表示对现在正在进行的动作进行推测 He must be doing his homework now.他现在肯定在做他的家庭作业。 情态动词后接完成式：情态动词+have done 表示对过去情况的推测或与事实相反的虚拟。 1. must have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的肯定推测，把握性大，意为“一定做过某事”，只用于肯定句中。 Tom must have arrived home by now.现在汤姆肯定已经到家了。 2. may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，把握性小，意为“也许已经做过某事”，主要用于肯定句和否定句中。 John isn’t at home.I think he may/might have gone to school.约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。 3. can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的事或行为的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”，可通用。can’t语气更加强烈一些。 She can’t/couldn’t have heard you knocking at the door.她不可能听见你敲门。 (二) 基本用法 情态动词 基本用法 can/could (1)当表示能力的时候，could 是can 的过去式。 I can play the table tennis, but I couldn’t last year.我会打乒乓球了，但是去年我还不会。 (2)can和could用于疑问句和否定句中意为“不可能”，表示可能性 That can’t be Mary, for she is visiting in Africa.那不可能是玛丽,因为她在非洲旅游。 (3)当表示请求和许可的时，could语气更委婉。 Can this news be true？这则消息可能是真的吗？ --Can/Could I go now? --Yes，you can. ----我现在可以走了吗？----是的，可以。 (4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时会”。 may与might (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。 (2)表示可能性，用于肯定句。 (3)may用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。 must (1)表示必要性。must意为“必须”，其否定式为mustn’t(不准，禁止)。 (2)表示可能性，must只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。 (3)must带有感情色彩，意为“偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。 need 意为“需要”，其否定式为needn’t(不必)。 will/would (1)表示意志、意愿和决心。will指现在，would指过去。 (2)表示请求。would表示更委婉的语气. (3)表示规律性的“注定会”或习惯性的动作，意为“总是；习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。 shall (1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。 (2)shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁等。 (3)用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示正式文件、法律、规章制度等中的义务或规定。 should/ought to (1)表示义务或建议，意为“应该”。 (2)也可以表示主观判断，意思是“可能会，应该会”。 dare/need (1)作情态动词时，多用于疑问句、否定句中。 (2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to可以省略。need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。 【归纳】情态动词may与can, 动词原形跟后边。不单作谓词义添, shall, will也常见。建议能力可能现, 命令请求可委婉。must必须dare敢, 过去情态词形变。用法分清多勤练, 素养提升在瞬间。 考点二. 省略 (一)常见的几种省略 类别 具体内容 例句 不 定 式 的 省 略 在动词不定式中，为避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to，否定式的省略用not to —Would you like to go with us？ —I'm glad to, but I'm too busy. --你愿意和我们一起去吗? --我很乐意，但是我太忙了。 The husband wanted to smoke but was told by his wife not to. 丈夫想抽烟，但他妻子叫他不要。 感官动词和使役动词后作宾补的不定式要省to；但被动语态中的to不可省 I saw her enter the room just now. →She was seen to enter the room just now. 我刚才看见她进了房间。→刚才有人看见她进了房间。 介词but、except前有实义动词do的具体形式时，后面的不定式不带to All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的就是等着瞧。 并 列 句 中 的 省 略 ①如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分 ②主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略 ③主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语 ④在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等成分与第一个并列句相同，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分 ①John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 约翰一定是在踢足球，而玛丽一定是在做作业。 ②His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry. 他的建议使约翰高兴，但(他的建议)使玛丽生气。 ③Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while，but (he) soon returned to his old ways. 老麦克唐纳戒烟了一段时间，但很快又恢复了老习惯。 y，but I know John won't (sing at the party). 杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会(在晚会上)唱歌。 复 合 句 中 的 省 略 状语从句中的省略： 当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词 ①在as、before、till、once、when、while等引导的时间状语从句中 ②在though、although等引导的让步状语从句中 ③在if、unless(＝if…not)等引导的条件状语从句中 ④在as、as if/though引导的方式状语从句中 ⑤在as/so…as…、than引导的比较状语从句中 ①While(I was)waiting，I was reading some magazines. 当我在等的时候，我在看一些杂志。 ②Though(they were)tired，they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们继续工作。 ③You shouldn't come to his party unless(you were)invited. 除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的聚会。 ④He did as(he had been)told. 他照吩咐做了。 ⑤This car doesn't run as fast as that one(does). 这辆汽车跑得不如那辆快。 I know you can do better than he(can do). 我知道你能做得比他更好 定语从句的省略 在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词that, which, who, whom代替先行词作宾语时，可以省略关系代词。 定语从句中省略的特殊用法 当the way在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词可以省略。 (定语从句in which he behaves, 先行词为the way, 先行词在定语从句中充当方式状语，所以此处关系代词可以省略。) (定语从句in which the company operates,先行词为the way,先行词在定语从句中从当方式状语，所以此处关系代词可以省略。) ①Who was the girl that he spoke to just now?→ Who was the girl he was spoke to just now? 刚刚他与之交谈的那个女孩是谁？ (定语从句that he spoke to just now，先行词为the girl，此处关系代词that代替先行词the girl, 在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词that可以省略。) ② I live near the river which I used to swim in. →I live near the river I used to swim in. 我生活在我过去游泳的那条河流旁边。 (定语从句which I used to swim in，先行词为the river，此处关系代词which代替先行词the river，在定语从句中作宾语 ，所以关系代词which可以省略。) I don’t like the way in which/ that he behaves. →I don’t like the way he behaves. 我不喜欢他行事的方式。 The way in which/that the company operates is really successful. →The way the company operates is really successful. 这家公司运行的方式真的很成功。 宾语从句的省略 谓语动词后的宾语从句，由that引导时，连接词that可以省略。 宾语从句省略的特殊性： 在并列宾语从句中，第一个that可以省略，第二个及之后的that不可以省略。 He warned me (that) the danger ahead would threaten my life. 他警告我，前方的危险会威胁我的生命。 Everybody knows (that) protecting the environment means a lot. 每个人都知道保护环境很重要。 He promised the local people (that) he would raise some funds and that he would set up a school. 他承诺当地人他会筹集一些资金并且建立一所学校。 (二) 其他的省略情况 1.动词不定式的省略 动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to。 —Would you like to go with us ? —I’m glad to (go with us), but I have to finish my homework. --你想和我们一起去吗？--我很乐意去，但是我不得不完成作业。 The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to (play football in the street). 这个男孩想在街上踢足球，但他妈妈告诉他不要在街上踢足球。 2.虚拟语气中的省略 在含有were, had, should的if引导虚拟条件句中常可以省略if而将were, had, should置于句首。 If you should take my advice into consideration, I would be more than grateful. →Should you take my advice into consideration, I would be more than grateful. 如果你能采纳我的建议，我将不胜感激。 If it had not been for Mr. Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve wouldn't have achieved his dream at last. →Had it not been for Mr. Rowe's patience and encouragement, Steve wouldn't have achieved his dream at last. 要不是 Mr.Rowe 的耐心和鼓励，Steve 是无法最终实现他的梦想的。 If he were absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted. →Were he absent from the meeting, he would lose the opportunity to be promoted. 如果他缺席了这个会，他会失去晋升的机会。 表“命令、要求、建议”等意义的名词性从句中用“should+动词原形”，should常可省略。 The headmaster suggests that all the students (should) do exercise for thirty minute every day to be in good health. 校长建议所有的学生应该每天锻炼30分钟保持健康状态。 3.使用so,not等时的省略。 在英语中,可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子。 —Is he coming back tonight?他今晚回来吗?—I think so/not.我认为会回来(不会回来)。 4.介词的省略。 　　一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构: ①have difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth.②be busy(in) doing sth.③spend some time(in) doing sth. ④stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 【口诀归纳】回答问题要简洁，并列重复须省略。祈使主语必省略，比较than后须省略。宾从表从that省略，主从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，惯用习语常省略。 单句语法填空 1. Her appearance has changed so much that you ________ well not recognize her. 【答案】may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：她的外貌变化太大了，你很可能认不出她来。may/might well“很可能”，固定短语，故填may/might。 2. It was said that the old lady ________ sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the front. 【答案】would 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：据说那位老太太总会坐在大树下，等着儿子从前线回来。结合句意可知，此处表示过去反复进行的动作，应用情态动词would。故填would。 3. You ________ be tired after four hours’ reading. 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：读了四个小时的书，你一定累了。此处表示肯定推测，意为“肯定”应用must，故填must。 4. It ________(rain) last night, for the road is quite muddy. 【答案】must have rained 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：昨晚一定下雨了，因为路上很泥泞。此处表示对过去的肯定猜测，用must have done表示“必定做了某事”。故填must have rained。 5. The ship would ________(sink) with all on board but for the captain. 【答案】have sunk 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是船长，那艘船连同船上所有的人都沉没了。but for：要不是，常用于虚拟语气，表示“与过去的事实相反”，句中谓语为“would have done”，故填have sunk。 6. The ground is rather wet, so it ________(rain) last night. 【答案】must have rained 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：地面相当湿，所以昨晚一定下雨了。情态动词must+ have done表示对过去的事情进行有把握的肯定推测，符合语境，此处指根据地面湿，推测过去肯定下雨了。故填must have rained。 7. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight when he could ________(steal) the money and paid for a place to stay in. 【答案】have stolen 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：想想看他今晚本可以偷钱并找地方住下的，现在却睡在大街上。由语境可知此处讲述过去的事情，且是对过去事情的假设。could have done意为“本能够做而未做”。故填have stolen。　 8. With the loss of blood, he couldn’t ________(survive) for very long after being shot. 【答案】have survived 【详解】考查推测句。句意：由于失血过多，他中枪后不可能活太久。根据“With the loss of blood”可知，此处是指本中枪后不可能活很久，对过去情况的推测用couldn’t have done。故填have survived。 9. —Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. —I ________. See you later. 【答案】will 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——谢谢你邀请我们。告诉你妻子，她给我们办了一个完美的派对。——我会的。再见。“Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party.”为祈使句，是请求对方做事，回答的人表示自己愿意遵从对方的意愿，表示现在的意愿应用情态动词will。故填will。 10. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He  ________(drink) too much at the party last night. 【答案】must have drunk 【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：哈利感到不舒服。他昨晚一定是在聚会上喝得太多了。根据上文Harry is feeling uncomfortable.以及后文last night可知表示对过去的肯定猜测，应用must have done。故填must have drunk。 11. She ________ not go out alone at night. 【答案】dare 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：她在晚上不敢独自外出。根据下文“not go out alone at night(在晚上不……独自外出)”可推理出空白处应填表示“胆敢”含义的情态动词，故填dare。 12. I really  ________  thank you enough. It’s been an amazing day! 【答案】can’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我真的不知道怎么感谢你才好。真是奇妙的一天！此处为短语can't do sth. enough，表示再怎么做某事也不为过。故填can't。 13. I had a bad stomachache. You ________ better phone a doctor. 【答案】had 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我肚子疼得厉害。你最好给医生打电话。根据句意和空后的better可知，此处填had，had better“(用于建议、警告、威胁、发表意见等)最好”。故填had。 14. It  ________  be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. 【答案】couldn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在练习中不可能是词汇量造成的问题，因为你认识很多单词。根据后文 you know a lot of words可知，表示推测，结合caused可知意为“不可能”应用couldn’t。故填couldn’t。 15. Why  ________  you do everything as if you have to win? 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：为什么你每件事都要表现得好像你一定要赢似的？根据后文as if you have to win，可知用于表示意图，表示一定要，坚持要，应用must。故填must。 16. It never occurred to me that she  ________  lie to me again. 【答案】should 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我从没想过她竟然会再对我撒谎。根据句意可知，表示“竟然”，用should。故填should。 17. The boy  ________  speak three languages when he was 12 years old. 【答案】could 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个男孩12岁时就会说三种语言了。空后动词speak是原形，空格处用情态动词，由speak three languages when he was 12 years old可知，他12岁时就会说三种语言了，空格处用could表示过去的能力，故填could。 18. She  ________  have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then. 【答案】couldn’t 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：她不可能参加那个会议，因为她当时正在办公室做文书工作。由for she was doing paperwork in the office then可知，句子表示“她不可能参加那个会议，因为她当时正在办公室做文书工作”，表示在过去不可能做过某事用couldn’t have done，因此空格处是couldn’t。故填couldn’t。 19. —School is over. How can we contact Robert? —Try phoning him. He  ________  be home by now. He lives only a stone’s throw from the school. 【答案】should 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——放学了。我们怎么联系罗伯特？——试着给他打电话。他现在应该到家了。他住的地方离学校只有一箭之遥。表示推测时，表示“应该”，根据 He lives only a stone's throw from the school. 可知，说话者对 Robert 现在已经在家这件事很有把握，应用should。故填should。 20. According to the factory safety rules, all accidents  ________  be reported to the safety officer. 【答案】shall 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据工厂的安全规定，所有的事故都要向安全员报告。空前是动词原形be，空格处用情态动词，由According to the factory safety rules可知，句子表示“根据工厂的安全规定，所有的事故都要向安全员报告”，表示按照规则或法律规定必须做某事用情态动词shall，故填shall。 21. You ________ have taken so much cash with you, you know—that shop accepted checks. 【答案】needn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必带那么多现金，你知道——那家商店接受支票。根据下文“that shop accepted checks(那家商店接受支票)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“不必要”含义的情态动词，故填needn’t。 22. Sometimes smiles around the world ________ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. 【答案】can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：有时候，世界各地的微笑可能是虚假的，掩盖了其他的感受，比如愤怒、恐惧或担忧。结合句意可知，本空填情态动词can，意为“可能”，表推测。故填can。 23. ________(shall) he come, the problem would be settled. 【答案】Should 【详解】考查虚拟语气情态动词。句意：如果他来，问题就会解决。虚拟将来时，If从句的谓语形式可用should +动词原形，此处省去if，将should置于句首，构成半倒装句式。句首字母大写，故填Should。 24.To be honest, I oughtn’t ________ have been driving so fast. 【答案】to 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：说实话，我本不该开得这么快。情态动词ought to，意为“应该”，否定形式为oughtn't to，符合句意，故填to。 25. I want to tell you that I ________ rather die than give in to these selfish people. 【答案】would 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我想告诉你，我宁死也不向这些自私的人屈服。would rather do than do“宁愿做，而不愿做”，固定短语，故填would。 26. When ________(walk) his dog in the park, he came across an old friend of his. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和省略。句意：在公园遛狗的时候，他碰到了他的一位老朋友。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当他在公园遛狗的时候”，由came可知，从句中时态用过去进行时，主语he是单数，因此when引导的从句是when he was walking his dog in the park，从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处用walking。故填walking。 27. Though ________(treat) unfairly in the new company, Shelly always kept a positive mind. 【答案】treated 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然Shelly在新公司受到不公平的待遇，但她始终保持积极的心态。从句为though引导的让步状语从句，主、从句主语一致，且从句为一般过去时的被动语态，从句中有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是treated。故填treated。 28. Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if ________(root) to the spot. 【答案】rooted 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：听到这个意外的消息,玛丽呆住了,动弹不得。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：as if he was rooted，省略了he was。故填rooted。 29. When ________(complete), the task would be made public. 【答案】completed 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：任务完成后，将向公众公布。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。“When _______ (complete)”是时间状语从句，原句为“When the task was completed”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略the task was后，应保留过去分词completed。故填completed。 30. Virtual choir members record themselves while ________(perform) alone on video. 【答案】performing 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：虚拟唱诗班成员在独自表演时录制自己的视频。分析句子结构可知，此处为while引导的时间状语中的省略结构，该句省去了“Virtual choir members are”，perform与Virtual choir members之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填performing。 31. If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If ________, let me know what time suits you best. 【答案】not 【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：如果你方便的话，我们8:30在校门外见面吧。如果不方便，请告诉我您最合适的时间。根据If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8:30 outside the school gate.及句意可知，空处表示“不方便”，为条件状语从句If it is not，句式与前一句的条件状语一致，可以省略it is，即，If not。故填not。 32. When deeply ________(absorb) in his phone, he didn’t notice his mother approaching. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注地玩手机时，他没有注意到他的母亲走过来了。“be absorbed in”是一个固定短语，意思是“全神贯注于……，专心致志于……”，用于此句中，表示“他”全神贯注地在看他的手机，在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可以将从句的主语和be动词省略，所以空白处填过去分词absorbed。故填absorbed。 33. I felt concerned when ________(watch) the documentary. 【答案】watching 【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意：看纪录片的时候我很担心。when引导的时间状语从句意为“当我在看纪录片的时候”，由主句谓语felt可知，从句时态用过去进行时，主语是I，因此when引导的从句是when I was watching the documentary，从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是watching。故填watching。 34. Some think graffiti is a crime if ________(do) without a property owner’s permission. 【答案】done 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：有些人认为未经业主允许涂鸦是犯罪行为。空处为状语从句的省略，还原后为if graffiti is done，省略了 graffiti is 。故填done。 35. These books will be put to the best use if ________(donate) to the local library. 【答案】donated 【详解】考查省略句。句意：这些书如果捐赠给当地图书馆，将得到充分利用。if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是if they are donated to the local library，省略they are，空处需填过去分词donated。故填donated。 36. If ________(give) more time, we are bound to complete the task better. 【答案】given 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：如果给我们更多的时间，我们一定会更好地完成任务。分析句子可知，用了if引导条件状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，give“给，给予”和被省略的主语we之间是被动关系，因此应用give的过去分词形式。故填given。 37. He opened his mouth as if ________(say) something. 【答案】to say 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他张开嘴好像要说什么。as if to do为固定句型，表示“好像要做什么”，“as if to do”为方式状语从句“as if +与主语一致的主语+将来时”的省略，此处是as if he was to say something的省略。故填to say。 38. When ________(walk) down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：走在街上，我遇到了多年未见的大卫。时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，故可省略从句的主语和系动词。本句中的“when walking”相当于时间状语从句“when I was walking”，故填walking。 39. Though ________(defeat) many times, the unemployed man didn’t lose heart. 【答案】defeated 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：虽然失败了很多次，这个失业者并没有灰心。由句意空处应填非谓语动词，主语the unemployed man与defeat之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，构成让步状语从句的省略。故填defeated。 40. When ________(question) by the police, the thief admitted the theft at last. 【答案】questioned 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在警察的盘问下，小偷终于承认了偷窃的事。when引导时间状语从句的主语与主句主语the thief一致，动词question与句子主语the thief构成动宾关系，从句为一般过去时的被动语态“When the thief was questioned by the police”，从句主语与be动词可省略，构成“when+过去分词”作状语，故填questioned。 41. Geothermal(地热的) power generation is one of our most stable renewable energy resource. All you have to do is ________(drill)(钻孔) deep enough and you will find hot rock. 【答案】drill 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地热能发电是我们最稳定的可再生能源之一，你所要做的就是钻到足够深的地方，你就会发现炙热的岩石。此句是“all+主语+have to do is+动词原形”结构，表示“某人所要做的就是……”，主语部分有实义动词do的形式，作表语的不定式省略to，is后接动词原形。故填drill。 42. Her job is to take care of the elders and ________(wash) their clothes. 【答案】to wash/wash 【详解】考查不定式。句意：她的工作是照顾老人和洗他们的衣服。不定式作表语说明主语的内容，与take care of the elders并列，可以省略不定式符号。故填to wash或wash。 43. Knowing some tips will help ________(sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. 【答案】ensure 【详解】考查动词和短语。句意：了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的晚餐，无论你在世界的哪个地方。help do sth.意思为：有助于做某事，空处之后that引导宾语从句，此处表示“确保”用动词ensure。故填ensure。 44. After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me ________(load) Tiffy into the plane. 【答案】to load/load 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：道别之后，我让乔治和他的妻子帮我把蒂菲送上飞机。help sb. (to) do sth.意思为：帮助某人做某事，空处缺少不定式作宾补，to可以省略。故填(to)load。 45. A burst of laughter made him ________(straight) himself and look around. 【答案】straighten 【详解】考查动词。句意：一阵笑声使他挺直了身子，环顾四周。设空处为made的宾语补足语，应用动词straighten的非谓语形式，him和动词straighten之间是主动关系，应用省略to的不定式结构作补足语，故填straighten。 46. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not ________. 【答案】to 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意： 司机想把车停在路边，但警察要求他不要这样做。 根据句意可知，警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”；be asked to do sth.“被要求做某事”。 but后的完整表达应该是the driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside，其中的不定式作主补。为避免重复，题干中的空格处省略了动词不定式符号to后的内容。故填to。 47. Rather than ________(cause)problems, he is going to help us. 【答案】cause 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不是要给我们制造麻烦，而是要帮助我们。连词rather than意为“而不是”，其后接动不定式，不定式可带to，也可不带to，但rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式，所以空处应填cause。故填cause。 48. Facebook is considering to make its website page ________(look) more beautiful. 【答案】look 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：脸书正在考虑让自己的网页看起来更漂亮。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾语补足语，因空白处表示的是一个不确定的具体动作，应使用动词不定式，根据动词不定式的用法，当动词不定式在make等表示“使、让”含义的词后作宾语补足语的时候，省略动词不定式符号to，使用动词原形，故填look。 49. The boss had her assistant ________(buy) some food for us. 【答案】buy 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老板让她的助手给我们买了些吃的。此处 have后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。故填buy。 50. All you have to do is ________(select)the photos of healthy food. 【答案】select 【详解】考查不定式to的省略。句意：你所要做的就是选择健康食品的照片。此处作表语，说明主语的内容应用不定式，且主语部分含有实义动词do的各种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。故填select。 语篇语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 In a new cartoon named Turtle Journey, Greenpeace UK, an environmental organization, 1 (highlight) ocean destruction from the perspective of a family of sea turtles. 2 (create) the film, Greenpeace UK teamed up with Aardman Animations, as well as Oscar-winning actors and stars. The 3 (power) film follows the family of turtles as they make their way across the seafloor to their home on a coral reef. “Our ocean 4 (drive) to breaking point during the past few years but it’s a story that doesn’t get told often enough,” says Will Mccallum, head of ocean at Greenpeace UK. Ocean damage is 5 (serious) affecting sea turtles and other sea creatures, many of which 6 (face) with extinction at present. “The story of this turtle family 7 (attempt) to get home in the damaged and changing ocean is a 8 (real) for many ocean creatures that are having their habitats destroyed due to human activity,” says actress Olivia Colman, 9 voices a character in the film. “It is my hope 10 this film can inspire more people to take action to protect our ocean.” 【答案】 1. highlights 2. To create 3. powerful 4. has been driven 5. seriously 6. are faced 7. attempting 8. reality 9. who 10. that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以《海龟之旅》这一新动画片为背景，讲述了环保组织Greenpeace UK如何通过动画的形式从海龟家庭的角度突出展示海洋破坏的严重性。 1. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在一部名为《海龟之旅》的新漫画中，环保组织英国绿色和平从一个海龟家庭的角度强调了海洋的破坏。highlight(强调)是句中谓语动词，与主语Greenpeace UK之间是主动关系，描述目前的情况，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填highlights。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了制作这部电影，英国绿色和平组织与阿德曼动画公司以及奥斯卡获奖演员和明星合作。“(create) the film”是“Greenpeace UK teamed up with...”的目的，用不定式作目的状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填To create。 3. 考查形容词。句意：这部震撼人心的电影讲述了海龟一家穿越海底回到珊瑚礁上的家。作定语修饰名词film，用形容词powerful，意为“极具感染力的，有震撼力的”。故填powerful。 4. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，我们的海洋已经被迫到了崩溃的边缘，但这个故事却很少被人提起。drive(迫使，驱使)是分句中谓语动词，与主语Our ocean之间是被动关系，结合时间状语during the past few years可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态，单数形式。故填has been driven。 5. 考查副词。句意：海洋破坏正在严重影响海龟和其他海洋生物，其中许多目前正面临灭绝。修饰动词affecting，用副词seriously作状语，意为“严重地”。故填seriously。 6. 考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意：海洋破坏正在严重影响海龟和其他海洋生物，其中许多目前正面临灭绝。be faced with是固定短语，意为“面临；面对”；主语many of which(即many of sea turtles and other sea creatures)是复数概念，谓语用复数形式，结合时间状语at present可知，描述当前的状态，用一般现在时态。故填are faced。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为影片中的一个角色配音的女演员奥利维亚·科尔曼说：“对于许多栖息地因人类活动而遭到破坏的海洋生物来说，这个海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。”。“(attempt) to get home in the damaged and changing ocean”作后置定语，attempt(试图)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语this turtle family之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填attempting。 8. 考查名词。句意：为影片中的一个角色配音的女演员奥利维亚·科尔曼说：“对于许多栖息地因人类活动而遭到破坏的海洋生物来说，这个海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一件真实发生的事。”。提示词作表语，结合冠词a可知，用单数名词reality，意为“事实存在；真实发生的事”。故填reality。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：为影片中的一个角色配音的女演员奥利维亚·科尔曼说：“对于许多栖息地因人类活动而遭到破坏的海洋生物来说，这个海龟家族试图在受损和不断变化的海洋中回家的故事是一个现实。”。空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Olivia Colman，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 10. 考查主语从句。句意：我希望这部电影能激励更多的人采取行动来保护我们的海洋。“ this film can inspire more people to take action to protect our ocean”是主语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连接词that引导该从句。it作形式主语。故填that。 Passage 2 The guqin, China’s oldest stringed instrument, has existed for over 3,000 years. The earliest piece, 11 (unearth) in Hubei province in 2016, dates back to the Zhou Dynasty. The body of a guqin is made of wood and seven strings of silk, but unlike its seemingly simple appearance, it takes over a hundred working procedures 12 (make) the instrument, including material selection, painting and tuning. It is 13 extremely demanding job. The guqin, along with the game of Go, calligraphy and painting, 14 (expect) to be mastered by noblemen and scholars in ancient China. The most distinguished guqin 15 (music) was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn & Warring States Periods. As he played the guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard it and understood exactly 16 was expressed in the music. This deep understanding formed a strong bond 17 them, and they became close friends. This is the famous tale behind the guqin masterpiece, High Mountains, Flowing Water, 18 has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the greatest compositions in Chinese guqin music. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained guqin players and perhaps no more than fifty 19 (survive) masters. The original several thousand compositions have 20 (significant) declined to a mere hundred works that are regularly performed today. 【答案】 11. unearthed 12. to make 13. an 14. was expected 15. musician 16. what 17. between 18. which 19. surviving 20. significantly 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国最古老的弦乐器古琴的历史，以及有关古琴的故事和现状。 11. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的一件是2016年在湖北省出土的，可以追溯到周朝。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此空格处需要填入非谓语动词。动词与逻辑主语为动宾关系，因此需要使用过去分词表示被动。故填unearthed。 12. 考查动词不定式。句意：古琴的琴身是由木头和七根丝弦制成的，但与它看似简单的外表不同，制作这把琴需要上百道工序，包括选材、上色和调音。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词；表示“制作这把琴的工序”，动词不定式作主语，it作形式主语。故填to make。 13. 考查冠词。句意：这是一项要求极高的工作。此处表示“一项工作”，job为可数名词，因此空格处需要填入冠词，空格后单词的发音为元音因素，所以用an。故填an。 14. 考查被动语态。句意：古琴和围棋、书法、绘画一样，被认为是中国古代贵族和学者所能掌握的。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；此处“古琴”是被认为，所以空格处需要使用动词的被动语态，时间发生在过去，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was expected。 15. 考查名词。句意：最杰出的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的俞伯牙。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入名词，根据后面可知，此处指的是古琴演奏家；所以需要填入musician。故填musician。 16. 考查宾语从句。句意：当他在山上弹奏古琴时，一个叫钟子期的樵夫听到了，并准确地理解了音乐中所表达的意思。分析句子结构可知，空格及后面为宾语从句，空格处需要填入宾语从句的连接词，从句缺少主语；且表示“什么”。故填what。 17. 考查介词。句意：这种深刻的理解在他们之间形成了牢固的纽带，他们成为了亲密的朋友。此处表示“他们之间形成了纽带”，空格处需要填入表示“在……之间”，此处表示两者之间，因此用between。故填between。 18. 考查定语从句。句意：这就是古琴名作《高山流水》背后的著名故事，它被认为是中国古琴音乐中最伟大的作品之一，并代代相传。分析句子结构可知，空格及后面为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“故事”，因此使用which。故填which。 19. 考查形容词。句意：如今，训练有素的古琴演奏者不足千人，幸存的大师可能不超过50人。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名词之前，因此需要填入形容词；surviving表示“继续存在的”。故填surviving。 20. 考查副词。句意：最初的几千首曲子已经大大减少到今天经常演奏的只有区区几百首。此处位于动词之前，因此需要填入副词作状语，表示“显著地”。故填significantly。 Passage 3 The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 21 (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” 22 (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it 23 (know) as “qipao”, which has a history behind it. After the early Manchu(满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore 24 (normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. 25 the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. The cheongsam 26 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be short, medium or full 27 (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated 28 (make). Nor 29 it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an 30 (impress) of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. 【答案】 21. popularity 22. meaning 23. is known 24. normally 25. Although/Though/While 26. whose 27. length 28. to make 29. does 30. impression 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍旗袍的历史以及样式。旗袍是独具中国特色的女性服饰，上身容易，穿着舒适，旗袍特别适合中国女性的身材。它的好处在于可以使用多种材质，并以不同长度制作，因此在休闲和正式场合都可穿着。 21. 考查名词。句意：旗袍是一种具有鲜明中国特色的女性服饰，在国际高级时装界越来越受欢迎。enjoy是及物动词，后接名词popularity“受欢迎，流行”作宾语，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。 22. 考查非谓语动词。句意：旗袍这个名字的意思就是“长裙子”，它是从中国广东方言中进入英语词汇的。分析句子结构，设空处为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词短语The name “cheongsam”， The name “cheongsam”与动词mean构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填meaning。 23. 考查时态和语态。句意：然而，在包括北京在内的中国其他地区，旗袍被称为“旗袍”，这背后有一段历史。know ... as意为“将……称为；把……叫做”，设空处在主句中作谓语，主语it与动词know之间为被动关系，此句陈述事实用一般现在时，设空处谓语用被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数，设空处填is known；be known as表示“被称为……”，。故填is known。 24. 考查副词。句意：早期的满族统治者来到中国后，满族妇女通常穿着一件连体连衣裙，后来被称为“旗袍”。wear是动词，要用副词normally来修饰。故填normally。 25. 考查状语从句。句意：虽然辛亥革命结束了清朝的统治，但女装在政治变革中幸存下来，并经过后来的改进，成为中国妇女的传统服装。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”且位于句首，用连词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。 26. 考查定语从句。句意：旗袍是一种高领、闭领的旗袍，非常适合中国女性的身材，根据季节或口味，它的袖子可以是短的、中长的或长的。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，指代先行词cheongsam的所有格，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 27. 考查名词。句意：旗袍是一种高领、闭领的旗袍，非常适合中国女性的身材，根据季节或口味，它的袖子可以是短的、中长的或长的。此处表示“长度”应用名词length。 full length意为“长及脚踝的”。故填length。 28. 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，制作起来也不太复杂。此处句型为too+形容词或副词+to do“太……而不能……”符合句意，设空处填动词不定式。故填to make。 29. 考查倒装句。句意：它也不需要太多的材料。上句话提到的情况同样适合下文的人或物，为了避免和上文的内容重复，英语习惯用so，neither/nor引导的倒装句。so引导的倒装句表示肯定，neither/nor引导的倒装句表示否定，其时态与前一句时态保持一致，上下文陈述的不是同一人或事物。根据文中时态应用一般现在时，且句子主语为第三人称单数形式，设空处填助动词does，故填does。 30. 考查名词。句意：无论哪种情况，它都给人一种简单而安静的魅力，优雅而整洁的印象。作宾语，应用名词impression，不定冠词提示用单数。故填impression。 Passage 4 He could still remember the day when he first met her. It was a bright morning 31 (fill) with the sweet smell of flowers in the air. While 32 (walk) along the path, he saw a girl sitting under a tree, reading a book. Her longhair flowing in the breeze, she seemed like an angel. The book she was reading, 33 classic, caught his attention. He really had a strong desire 34 (talk) to her, but he didn’t have the courage. Finally, after gathering up all his 35 (brave), he walked towards her. “Excuse me, but can I join you?” he asked. She looked up, and her big eyes, 36 were like shining stars, met his. A smile appeared on her face. “ 37 (sound) great!” she replied. For the next few hours they talked and laughed about everything, sharing their stories and dreams 38 particular. He thought that maybe this was the beginning of something wonderful, something he had been waiting for all along. 39 he didn’t know that this moment 40 (become) a memory he would hold dear for the rest of his life. －Adapted from “Wuthering Heights” 【答案】 31. filled 32. walking 33. a 34. to talk 35. bravery 36. which 37. Sounds 38. in 39. But 40. would become 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章改编自著名小说《呼啸山庄》，描述主人公的这次偶遇和感受，表达了对爱情美好开始的向往和对珍贵回忆的珍视。 31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个阳光明媚的早晨，空气中弥漫着花香。be filled with为固定搭配，意为“充满”此处作后置定语，修饰名词morning，需用过去分词形式。故填filled。 32. 考查省略。句意：当他沿着小路走的时候，他看见一个女孩坐在树下看书。while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是While he was walking along the path，省略了he was。故填walking。 33. 考查冠词。句意：她正在读的那本书是一本经典名著，引起了他的注意。classic为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且classic发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 34. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他真的很想和她说话，但他没有勇气。空处修饰名词desire，作后置定语，需用动词不定式。故填to talk。 35. 考查名词。句意：最后，他鼓起所有的勇气，向她走去。空处需填名词bravery，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填bravery。 36. 考查定语从句。句意：她抬起头来，她那双像闪亮的星星一样的大眼睛与他的眼睛相遇了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词eyes，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 37. 考查动词时态。句意：“听起来不错!”她回答说。结合上文对话““Excuse me, but can I join you?””可知，使用一般现在时，此处主语为上文中男主人公的请求，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Sounds。 38. 考查介词。句意：在接下来的几个小时里，他们有说有笑，尤其是分享他们的故事和梦想。in particular为固定搭配，意为“尤其”。故填in。 39. 考查连词。句意：但他不知道，这一刻将成为他余生珍视的记忆。前文提到“他认为这可能是美好事物的开始”，而后文则提到“他不知道这一刻会成为他一生中最珍贵的回忆”，因此需要使用转折连词来连接这两个句子，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填But。 40. 考查动词时态。句意同上。此处表示“他不知道这一刻会成为他一生中最珍贵的回忆”，应该使用过去将来时would become作为谓语，表示“将会变成”。故填would become。 Passage 5 In today’s world, technology has become a necessary part of our lives. However, with the increasing _____41____ (present) of technology, we also face challenges _____42_____ arise from its use. One of the concerns that technology poses (造成) ____43__ (be) the use of persuasive design techniques. Today, many apps and platforms ____44____ (design) to keep us engaged for as long as possible, often leading to addictive behavior. To navigate this dilemma (窘境), we need to be aware ___45___ these techniques and take intentional steps ____46____ (limit) our usage. Setting time limits for app usage, disabling unnecessary notifications (通知), and _____47_____ (practise) mindfulness when using technology can help us break free from the grip of persuasive design. Another concern comes from balancing our virtual and real relationships. We can ___48____ (easy) get caught up in the virtual world while ignoring our face-to-face interactions. To address this, we must set aside time for real-life connections and prioritize (优先考虑) ______49____ (meaning) interactions with those around us. Navigating responsible technology use is ______50______ ongoing journey in our ever-changing digital landscape. We should use technology for the greater good while looking out for its potential traps. Together, we can shape a more responsible technological future. 【答案】41. presence 42. that##which 43. is 44. are designed 45. of 46. to limit 47. practicing 48. easily 49. meaningful 50. an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了技术普及带来的挑战，包括说服性设计技术导致的上瘾行为和虚拟世界对现实社交的影响，并提出了应对措施，倡导负责任地使用技术并警惕其潜在陷阱。 41.考查名词。句意：然而，随着技术的日益普及，我们也面临着使用技术带来的挑战。increasing是形容词，修饰名词，present的名词是presence，意为“存在”，是不可数名词，故填presence。 42.考查定语从句。句意：然而，随着技术的日益普及，我们也面临着使用技术带来的挑战。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词challenges是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that或which。 43.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：技术带来的担忧之一是说服性设计技术的使用。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语One of the concerns是单数，因此空格处用is，故填is。 44.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，许多应用和平台的设计都是为了让我们尽可能长时间地沉浸其中，这往往会导致上瘾行为。应用和平台是被设计，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语apps and platforms是复数，因此空格处是are designed。故填are designed。 45.考查介词。句意：为了应对这种困境，我们需要了解这些技术，并有意识地采取措施限制我们的使用。be aware of是固定短语，意为“意识到”，因此空格处用介词of，故填of。 46.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了应对这种困境，我们需要了解这些技术，并有意识地采取措施限制我们的使用。take steps to do是固定短语，意为“采取措施做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to limit，故填to limit。 47.考查非谓语动词。句意：设置应用程序使用的时间限制，禁用不必要的通知，在使用技术时练习正念，可以帮助我们摆脱说服性设计的束缚。空格处用动名词practicing作主语，故填practicing。 48.考查副词。句意：我们很容易沉浸在虚拟世界中，而忽略了面对面的互动。空格处用副词easily修饰动词get，easily意为“容易地，轻易地”，故填easily。 49.考查形容词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我们必须留出时间与现实生活中的人建立联系，优先考虑与周围的人进行有意义的互动。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词interactions，此处表示“我们必须留出时间与现实生活中的人建立联系，优先考虑与周围的人进行有意义的互动”，空格处意为“有意义的”，形容词是meaningful。故填meaningful。 50.考查冠词。句意：在我们不断变化的数字环境中，引导负责任地使用技术是一段持续的旅程。journey是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，ongoing是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 ( 18 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$