专题07 语法填空(记叙文+说明文)- 备战2025年高考英语真题题源解密(新高考通用)

2024-06-18
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英语中高考研究站
进店逛逛

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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习-真题
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 421 KB
发布时间 2024-06-18
更新时间 2024-06-18
作者 英语中高考研究站
品牌系列 上好课·真题题源解密
审核时间 2024-06-18
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专题07 语法填空 考情概览:解读近年命题思路和内容要求,统计真题考查情况。 2024年真题研析:分析命题特点,探寻常考要点,真题分类精讲。 近年真题精选:分类精选近年真题,把握命题趋势。 必备知识速记:归纳串联解题必备知识,总结易错易混点。 名校模拟探源:精选适量名校模拟题,发掘高考命题之源。 【命题意图】 2024年新高考I卷语法填空为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。向世界展示中国文化,引导学生传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化,增强文化自信和价值观自信,厚植爱国主义情怀,其考查题点最大的变化就是加大了对词性转换的考查,淡化了对非谓语动词和从属连词的考查。 2024年新高考II卷语法填空语篇语法填空是一篇说明文,主题语境是“人与社会”。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点。考点分布均衡,谓语动词2道,非谓语动词3道,名词1道,词性转换2道,从属连词1道,介词1道。其考查题点最大的变化就是冠词、介词、代词部分相对减少或没有涉及。 【课标链接】 高考英语语法填空旨在考查学生在理解语篇的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况,反映学生对词汇、语法,尤其是句法的运用能力,体现学生的英语语言知识和能力水平。相较于单项选择,语法填空有完整的语篇支撑,语境更为清晰,语用更加明确,考点也更容易把握。考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种,比例通常保持在7∶3。有提示词试题包括:词形转换,形容词、副词比较等级的变化,名词单复数的变化,动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词等。无提示词试题包括:冠词、介词、连词、代词,以及一些习惯搭配等。 命题分析 【考查要点】 2024年新高考I卷语法填空为人与社会,文章介绍了英国“丝绸之路璃温室花园”的整体设计以及其新建成的玻璃温室。有提示词7(谓语动词1,非谓语动词1,名词,形容词2)无提示词3(冠词1,定语从句1,介词1)。2024年新高考I卷语法填空考点难度较大,难点在于文章话题陌生,句子偏长,词性转换要求高。整个语篇涉及词形转换多达四处,56题engineering,57题functional,59题closed,62题favourites,65题richness。学生平时需要多加强构词法训练,达到举一反三熟能生巧目的。 2024年新高考II卷语法填空考查要点:有提示词7 (谓语动词2,非谓语动词3,词性转换2); 无提示词3(,介词1,冠词0,并列连词1,从属连词1)。II卷谓语动词和非谓语动词的考查共5道,与去年相比,明显增加。这就要求学生平时学习中多关注动词部分。 试题精讲 (2024·新高考卷语法填空) Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 题源网站 https://inhabitat.com/amazing-greenhouse-set-near-garden-influenced-by-silk-road/ 语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与自然,科技与生活 语篇内容 介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响。 难易程度 ★★★★☆ 建议用时 9mins 难点分析 T56 词性变化 engineering作名词;T59非谓语动词的判断和使用(stay closed); T63 介词 as 表“作为”(该考点在2022 年 serve as; 2017年 started ... as a method of...皆考过,但2024年难度更大,容易受固定搭配 stand for干扰);长难句理解以及一句多空(56和57,60和61都是一句两空;63.64.65是一句三空); 另外T60中walk的熟词生义也对理解会产生障碍,walk sb through sth“逐步引导”(to help sb learn or become familiar with sth, by showing them each step each stage of the process in turn) 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 词性转换 冠词 介词 定语从句 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 (2024·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 语篇解读 语篇长度 209词 主旨概要 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 语言知识 词汇默写 1. element 2. commemorate 3. contemporary - 4. Romeo and Juliet 5. statue 6. pavilion 词汇答案 1. element - 元素,要素 2. commemorate - 纪念,庆祝 3. contemporary - 当代的,现代的 4. Romeo and Juliet - 罗密欧与朱丽叶(莎士比亚名剧) 5. statue - 雕像,塑像 6. pavilion - 亭子,凉亭 重点短语/句型 happen to do... "Happen to do" 是一个常用的英语短语,用来表示某件事情是偶然发生的,或者某人碰巧做了某件事情。这个短语通常用于描述非计划的或意外的事件。 如: I happened to be at the store when they announced the sale. She happened to mention the idea at the meeting, and it got everyone's attention. I happened to meet an old friend while I was out shopping. 【1】(2023·新高考卷I语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. 【2】(2023·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___58___? Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___61___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___62___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___63___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___65___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【3】(2022·新高考卷I语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【4】(2022·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【5】(2021·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are. The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish). What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs. As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit! 【6】(2021·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 分析近三年的高考试题,可以发现语法填空综合性强,语法点分布广,重难点在于非谓语动词知识点的综合运用。学生平时需要多练习此类综合考查知识点的题目,提升对知识点的综合运用能力。 近三年I卷语法填空考点对比: 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2024 1 1 4 1 1 1 2023 0 4 2 1 1 1 0 1 2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 近三年II卷语法填空考点对比: 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 名词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2024 2 3 2 1 1 1 2023 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 2022 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 1. 熟悉常用的语法规则。英语语法填空考察的是学生的语法知识和应用能力。教师需要让学生熟悉英语中常用的语法规则,如时态、语态、名词、代词和动词的时态等等。通过对这些语法规则的讲解和练习,可以帮助学生更好地掌握应用方法。 2. 关注上下文语境,尽可能还原原文意思。语法填空涉及到一些句子缺少必要的语言组成部分,因此对上下文语境的理解非常关键。教师可以训练学生通过上下文理解句子的含义,让学生能够根据语境预测正确的答案,同时可以透过语言进行信息补充,更好地还原原文意思。 3. 培养学生注意细节。语法填空考验的是学生的细节分析能力,许多语法错误在句子中的细节处,教师可以提供练习材料帮助学生熟悉常见的错误类型,引导学生注重细节。 【1】【浙江省北斗星盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月阶段性联考】 Qipao, a traditional dress for females in China, is reputed as one of the traditional Chinese ____56____ (costume) and an irreplaceable cultural heritage in the fashion world. Though ____57____ (debate) by experts about the exact time of its occurrence, it is believed that Qipao originated from a type of Manchurian female garment in the Qing Dynasty (1632-1912). Qipao mainly ____58____ (feature) a stand-up collar, Chinese knotted buttons, and a tight-fitting waist, is usually made from silk or cotton. Two major styles of modern Qipao, ____59____ were established in the progression, are the Shanghai style and the Beijing style. ____60____ former, absorbing western elements of design and tailoring, leads the fashion trend. ____61____ is generally accepted by scholars that the craze for Qipao in the Republican Period is a ____62____ (nature) result of the rise of women’s pursuit of freedom. Wearing Qipao, which is ____63____ (basic) a one-piece robe, carries a symbolic sense of promoting gender equality. Later on, the priority of Qipao shifted from a political expression to aesthetic(审美的) emphasis. It was chosen ____64____ the Republic of China’s mandarin dress in 1929. Since the reform and opening-up policy ____65____ (adopt) in China, Qipao has been designated (命名) as the formal dress for female diplomats in foreign affairs activities. 【2】【2024届江苏省百校大联考高三上学期第二次考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dazu Rock Carvings refers to all of the 102 cliffside carvings in Dazu district, Chongqing. The ___56___ (construct) of those rock carvings dates back to 650, and continued into the 17th century. The scenic area ___57___ (add) to the World Heritage List in December 1999. So far, 50,000 statues and 100,000 carved Chinese characters ___58___ (identify) and over 75 cliff statue sites are under state protection. The cliff statues are large in size, well carved and among the best ___59___ (preserve) of their similarities. The Dazu Rock Carvings have ___60___ important position in the history of China’s grotto art. Artisans created these rock carvings not simply by replicating (复制) images that their ancestors had made ___61___ by combining religious figures with ordinary life, ___62___ recorded the transition (过渡) of society. The statues show the evolution of carving and national features, ___63___ (break) new ground in religious art and creating dynamic figures full of life. They stand on the peak of Chinese rock carving art with their historical values and aesthetic (美学) quality. According to the UNESCO description, the Dazu Rock Carvings are remarkable ___64___ their rich diversity of subject matter and the light they cast on daily life in ancient China. Their existence proved the ____65____ (harmony) synthesis (结合) of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism during that period. 【3】【湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese coffee giant Luckin Coffee hit 10,000 stores in China in June, surpassing (超过) Starbucks ___36___ the largest coffee chain brand in the country following rapid nationwide ___37___ (expand) this year. Founded in 2017, Luckin Coffee burst onto the Chinese coffee scene to challenge Starbucks through ___38___ (afford) coffee options and mobile ordering. It is very common to buy a drink from Luckin for $ 2 or less after heavy discounts. Meanwhile, a cup of coffee from Starbucks ___39___ (price) at $ 4.1 or more. In the quarter ended June 30, Luckin Coffee opened 1,485 new stores, ___40___ (average) 16.5 new stores daily. China is traditionally a tea-drinking market, ___41___ over the last few years, coffee sales have been increasing ___42___ (steady), especially in urban areas and among younger ___43___ (professional). China’s overall coffee sales will rise at ___44___ rate of 8.7% annually from 2022 to 2027, according to GlobalData. The Chinese coffee chain expanded to Singapore in its first international attempt and has opened 14 stores in the city-state so far. ____45____ (make) things even more impressive, all the coffee is specially crafted by an international team of World Barista Championship winners, so you won’t find a bad cup of Joe. 【4】【湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Quite a few visitors to a three-day promotional event in Beijing on Friday tried their hands at fixing a Luban lock—a traditional Chinese educational toy believed to have been invented by Lu Ban, ____56____ structural engineer from the Spring and Autumn Period (770—476 BC). The lock, whose concave and convex (凹凸的) parts match ____57____ (perfect), is among hundreds of products that have been selected from the agriculture, manufacturing as well as cultural and tourism industries of Shandong province in East China. They are being promoted at the event, ____58____ (title) Friendly Shandong and Remarkable Shandong, which are the country’s cultural heritage. Lu, who was born in what is now Shandong province, ____59____ (know) as the “father of carpentry” in China. ____60____ it is easy to take his locks apart, it is difficult to rebuild them, and this is what attracts many ____61____ (try) their luck. ____62____ a key place for early Chinese civilization, Shandong, the hometown of Chinese philosophers Confucius and Mencius, has diverse cultural ____63____ (treasure) worthy of note on the global stage, said Benjamin Hammer, a US citizen who works at Shandong University. Zhou Naixiang, the governor of Shandong ____64____ addressed the opening of the event, said, “In the economic field, Shandong has committed to developing 10 industries, including information technology, modern efficient agriculture and high-quality cultural tourism, presenting huge potential in ____65____ (cooperate).” 【5】【山东高中名校大联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月统一调研考】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The strong presence of Chinese internet and technology companies as sponsors of the 19th Asian Games ____36____ (grab) the attention of viewers around the world since it started. This demonstrates China’s great achievements and ____37____ (strength) in the digital and technological innovation. The 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, had a record-breaking 176 sponsors, ____38____ (show) the event’s global appeal. Among the 11 official partners, five are Chinese tech companies. ____39____ comparison, there were only 52 sponsors for the 16th Asian Games held in 2010 in Guangzhou, among ____40____ only three companies were from China’s internet and tech field. Alibaba Cloud, the cloud computing unit of Alibaba Group, plays a vital role by providing essential technological support for event management, results distribution, and live cloud broadcasting. ____41____ (additional), it contributes to the development of a digital platform ensuring ____42____ (efficiency) broadcast in the Asian Games Village. Chinese tech companies’ strong presence not only boosts brand awareness globally ____43____ also proves their technological and innovative capabilities. According to the 2022 Global Innovation Index ____44____ (release) by the World Intellectual Property Organization China’s strength in sci-tech innovations has taken _____45_____ great jump in recent years, reaching the 11th spot among the top 30. 【技巧点拨】 1. 有提示词填空题的解题技巧 此类题考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两类:一是动词的时态、语态、人称和主谓一致,动词的非谓语变化,名词的数,形容词的级别及代词的格等变化;另一类是词的词形变化,即通过派生、转化等构词法生成符合语境和语法的新词。 (1)当提示词为动词原形时,一般应考虑动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。 分析句子结构,如考查谓语动词,就要全面分析句意,综合各种条件,判定谓语动词的时态、语态和人称单复数变化。 考查非谓语动词。如果句中已有谓语,且设空处不作并列谓语,应考虑填非谓语动词。根据其在句中的成分,判断其逻辑主语,确定两者的逻辑关系(是主谓关系还是动宾关系),并根据其时间和句法功能做出进一步选择。简单说,即“先语态,后时态,再功能”。 例如:A talk_____(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang. 句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”做的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。 (2)当提示词为名词时,要注意名词的单复数和所有格的变化。 例如:There are many students living at school, and the____(child) houses are all far from school. 由students一词可以判断出横线处应填名词复数,且作houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children's。 另外,也要注意将名词变为形容词或动词的情况,比如2020年全国甲卷第69空。 例如:The ______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink? colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 空格后是被形容词long所修饰的名词branches,根据句意“又美又长的枝条”可知,空格处应该是形容词。故将名词变为形容词beautiful。 (3)当提示词为形容词或副词时,考查方向通常有三种:考查其比较等级、考查形容词和副词之间的词性转换和考查形容词或副词的反义词。 注意:若考查比较等级时,题中通常会有than、one of (the)、even、much等与其比较级或最高级连用,或在词后加后缀?或在词前加more/most和less/least,且形容词的最高级前还要加定冠词the。 例如:I am ____(tall) than Liu Wen. He is the tallest student in my class. 此題后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,而只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。 (4)当提示词是代词时,要注意其各种格之间的形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)和反身代词,另外还有如other/another等不定代词的形式变化。 例如:(2020年·全国乙卷)...could help China decide whether _______(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 根据文意和语法结构可知,此处it应变为所有格its。 例如:(2018年·全国丙卷)...I was just glad to find _____ (they) alive. 根据文意和语法要求可知,此处应填宾格them。 例如:The king decided to see the painter by ____(he). 根据介词by可知,横线处应填反身代词himself。 (5)当提示词是数词时,要注意基数词、序数词等形式变化。 数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀?甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。 例如:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half; my second son shall take a ____(three). 根据语境可知,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,那么二儿子应该分得“三分之一”,所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。 特别提醒:要注意一些表示“整十”的基数词和序数词的拼写。 (6)词类转换 词类转换多以派生词为主,如形容词、副词、名词、动词间的相互转化。因此,要分析句子结构,确定所填词的词性,根据构词法做出相应变化。 例如:Lious lost his wallet yesterday, so he was very ____(happiness). 在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该处应用形容词。钱包丢了,Lious应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un就成了unhappy。 2. 无提示词填空题的解题技巧 无提示词填空题需要学生在不给出提示词的情况下,填入符合上下文逻辑、语法、句法的词汇,主要考查冠词、代词、介词、情态动词、助动词、连词和关系词等。 (1)冠词 如果空格后为名词,且无其他修饰词,可以考虑填冠词(a、an或the)。这里要注意定冠词和不定冠词的区别:如果是第一次出现的、表示泛指的可数名词单数,用不定冠词a/an;如果是特指,或已知的,或专有名词,则用定冠词the。 (2)代词 没有提示词时,根据文意,也有可能需要填恰当的代词。这时代词一定是上文中有所明确的指代对象,这需要学生正确理解文意,并填写代词的恰当的格与数。 例如:(2017年·全国甲卷)...people were using ________ every day. 此处指代上文提到过的the railway,故需要用代词it。 然而,也不排除根据上下文,有需要填写形容词性物主代词(his、her、my、their等)、不定代词(other、another、either、both等)或反身代词的可能。答题时,分析句子成分是关键:缺主语,用主格;缺宾语,用宾格;如果宾语与主语为同一人(或物),用反身代词。 (3)介词 如果空格后是名词性成分(名词、代词、动名词或名词性从句),尤其是当空格后是代词的宾格时,则首先考虑填介词;如果空格前为动词,且空后为名词、动名词,则也可能填介词,构成动词短语。这时需要根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语。 例如:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying ____, dirty but happy. 根据从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enjoy oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。 (4)情态动词和助动词 如果空格后的谓语动词是原形或是have done或be doing等形式,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,要考虑表示“推理判断”的情态动词,如must、should;或者有可能是虚拟语气的某种形式。 如果是强调空格后的动词,则需要填助动词do的某种形式。 如果是倒装句,空格后为主语,则考虑填do、have等助动词的某种形式或某些情态动词。 (5)连词 连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词,对连词的考查实际上是对并列句、名词性从句和状语从句用法的考查。 如果两句话彼此语义平等,分述了两个情况,则考虑是并列句。常用的并列连词有and(表顺承)、but(表转折)、or(表选择)、so/for(表因果)等。 如果一句话在另一句话中做了某个句子成分,两句话彼此语义间有主次关系或有修饰关系,则考虑是从属复合句。复合句根据从句在主句中所作的成分,又分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句,其各自又有具体的分类。 选择复合句的连词,首先要判断是三大从句的哪一种。如果是名词性从句和定语从句,则要从句子成分是否完整的角度去选择连词,即“缺什么补什么”。同时要格外注意如what、that、which和where等连词在名词性从句和定语从句中的用法区别。如果是状语从句,则首先根据句意逻辑,判断是哪种状语从句,然后根据文意和连词用法,在引导该类从句的连词中选择恰当的连词。 另外,有些常见的关联搭配,学生也需要加以关注。比如:常用的连词有and、or、but、so、for、while等,常用的关联短语有both...and...、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等。 例如:Wang Jun could not go to school, _____ his family was too poor. 此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面有逗号隔开,所以填for。 再如:____ Marie and Jannie like going to the theatre. 横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and...,故答案为Both。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 语法填空 考情概览:解读近年命题思路和内容要求,统计真题考查情况。 2024年真题研析:分析命题特点,探寻常考要点,真题分类精讲。 近年真题精选:分类精选近年真题,把握命题趋势。 必备知识速记:归纳串联解题必备知识,总结易错易混点。 名校模拟探源:精选适量名校模拟题,发掘高考命题之源。 【命题意图】 2024年新高考I卷语法填空为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。向世界展示中国文化,引导学生传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化,增强文化自信和价值观自信,厚植爱国主义情怀,其考查题点最大的变化就是加大了对词性转换的考查,淡化了对非谓语动词和从属连词的考查。 2024年新高考II卷语法填空语篇语法填空是一篇说明文,主题语境是“人与社会”。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点。考点分布均衡,谓语动词2道,非谓语动词3道,名词1道,词性转换2道,从属连词1道,介词1道。其考查题点最大的变化就是冠词、介词、代词部分相对减少或没有涉及。 【课标链接】 高考英语语法填空旨在考查学生在理解语篇的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况,反映学生对词汇、语法,尤其是句法的运用能力,体现学生的英语语言知识和能力水平。相较于单项选择,语法填空有完整的语篇支撑,语境更为清晰,语用更加明确,考点也更容易把握。考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种,比例通常保持在7∶3。有提示词试题包括:词形转换,形容词、副词比较等级的变化,名词单复数的变化,动词的时态、语态及非谓语动词等。无提示词试题包括:冠词、介词、连词、代词,以及一些习惯搭配等。 命题分析 【考查要点】 2024年新高考I卷语法填空为人与社会,文章介绍了英国“丝绸之路璃温室花园”的整体设计以及其新建成的玻璃温室。有提示词7(谓语动词1,非谓语动词1,名词,形容词2)无提示词3(冠词1,定语从句1,介词1)。2024年新高考I卷语法填空考点难度较大,难点在于文章话题陌生,句子偏长,词性转换要求高。整个语篇涉及词形转换多达四处,56题engineering,57题functional,59题closed,62题favourites,65题richness。学生平时需要多加强构词法训练,达到举一反三熟能生巧目的。 2024年新高考II卷语法填空考查要点:有提示词7 (谓语动词2,非谓语动词3,词性转换2); 无提示词3(,介词1,冠词0,并列连词1,从属连词1)。II卷谓语动词和非谓语动词的考查共5道,与去年相比,明显增加。这就要求学生平时学习中多关注动词部分。 试题精讲 (2024·新高考卷语法填空) Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 题源网站 https://inhabitat.com/amazing-greenhouse-set-near-garden-influenced-by-silk-road/ 语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与自然,科技与生活 语篇内容 介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响。 难易程度 ★★★★☆ 建议用时 9mins 难点分析 T56 词性变化 engineering作名词;T59非谓语动词的判断和使用(stay closed); T63 介词 as 表“作为”(该考点在2022 年 serve as; 2017年 started ... as a method of...皆考过,但2024年难度更大,容易受固定搭配 stand for干扰);长难句理解以及一句多空(56和57,60和61都是一句两空;63.64.65是一句三空); 另外T60中walk的熟词生义也对理解会产生障碍,walk sb through sth“逐步引导”(to help sb learn or become familiar with sth, by showing them each step each stage of the process in turn) 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 词性转换 冠词 介词 定语从句 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61. the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which##that 65. richness 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室,并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知,空处考查短语engineering techniques,意为“工程技术”,符合句意。故填engineering。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。故填functional。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:温室在温暖的日子里开放,利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“使用某物去做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。故填closed。 【60题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。 【62题详解】 考查名词的数。句意:这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词,意为“特别受喜爱的东西”,根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词design,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意:这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作,位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头,将中国西南的植物容纳其中,将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰,定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词,应用名词形式richness,作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 (2024·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 语篇解读 语篇长度 209词 主旨概要 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 语言知识 词汇默写 1. element 2. commemorate 3. contemporary - 4. Romeo and Juliet 5. statue 6. pavilion 词汇答案 1. element - 元素,要素 2. commemorate - 纪念,庆祝 3. contemporary - 当代的,现代的 4. Romeo and Juliet - 罗密欧与朱丽叶(莎士比亚名剧) 5. statue - 雕像,塑像 6. pavilion - 亭子,凉亭 重点短语/句型 happen to do... "Happen to do" 是一个常用的英语短语,用来表示某件事情是偶然发生的,或者某人碰巧做了某件事情。这个短语通常用于描述非计划的或意外的事件。 如: I happened to be at the store when they announced the sale. She happened to mention the idea at the meeting, and it got everyone's attention. I happened to meet an old friend while I was out shopping. 【答案】36. who 37. themes 38. were 39. to 40. inspired 41. was built 42. visibility 43. to find 44. Recalling 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点,并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德,且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说,尽管他们从未见过面,但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。 【39题详解】 考查固定短语。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语:be similar to,意为“和……相似”,符合句意。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语,被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系,用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 【41题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was built。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式,visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:Edmondson说,这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度,并补充说,游客们穿过故居花园时,常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语,用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语,主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式担当状语;出现在句首,首字母大写。故填Recalling。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意:回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版,并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时,Edmondson说:“听到中文,看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的,非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构,用and连接。故填and。 【1】(2023·新高考卷I语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. 考点分析 出处 https://go.huanqiu.com/article/47WKN2seQi4 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2023 0 4 2 1 1 1 0 1 2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 2020 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 参考答案: 36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by 41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting 【答案与解析】 36【答案】tasty 考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤),故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语,故填tasty。 37【答案】to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。 38【答案】or 考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。 39【答案】recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 40【答案】by 考查介词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包,更少的汤,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配,根据句意,故填by。 41【答案】to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 42【答案】their 考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 43【答案】a 考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 44【答案】rarely 考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。 45【答案】wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。 【2】(2023·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___56___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___58___? Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___61___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___62___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___63___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___65___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2023 1 1 4 0 1 1 1 1 2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 2020 3 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 全文大意 每当我告诉人们我在柏林动物园教英语,几乎总会得到疑惑的表情。在这背后,这个人在试图弄清楚我到底是教谁……动物吗? 自2017年6月,也就是两只新熊猫“梦梦”和“娇庆”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员们更加自然和自信地说英语。他们用英语交流的对象是谁呢? 并不是熊猫,尽管医疗训练指令所使用的语言的确是英语。他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客交谈,与前来查看从中国借来的熊猫的中国饲养员交谈。他们还需要准备用英语接受国际记者的采访。这就是为什么他们需要一位英语教练。 那么,他们在学什么呢?基本上是如何描述熊猫的生活。看着熊猫项目的发展并看到熊猫们在新家中安顿下来,这是一种荣幸。当我还是个小女孩的时候,我梦想长大后成为一名动物园饲养员。现在,通过帮助熊猫饲养员们用英语完成工作,我间接地实现了那个梦想。 【答案】56. arrival 57. confident 58. with 59. the 60. visiting 61. interviews 62. why 63. Basically 64. and 65. wished 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空前是冠词,空后是介词,所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语,arrive的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,根据句意此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。 【59题详解】 考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,所以空处应填形容词作定语;visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 【61题详解】 考查名词的数。句意:他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知,空前是动词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,interview意为“采访”为可数名词,不止一段采访,应用复数形式。故填interviews。 【62题详解】 考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。 【64题详解】 考查连词。句意:我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展,看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知,“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系,应该用and连接。故填and。 【65题详解】 考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 【3】(2022·新高考卷I语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】56. Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64. as 65. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 【58题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 【60题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系,应用and。故填and。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语,应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve,设空处应用副词eventually作状语,修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语:serve as (充当)。故填as。 【65题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all修饰,只能用关系代词that。故填that。 【4】(2022·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. son's 45. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上,即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意:他坚持了几分钟,尖叫喊着他的父亲,但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写连词,连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意,此处表示并列关系。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 【43题详解】 考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意:他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意,life与提示词son之间是所属关系,故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 【45题详解】 考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。 【5】(2021·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are. The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish). What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs. As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit! 【答案】56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a 【解析】 【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海,温泉以及台阶。 【56题详解】 考查主语从句。句意:这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,应用what引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。 【57题详解】 考查名词复数。句意:当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海,你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语,we为复数,应用human的复数形式。故填humans。 【58题详解】 考查副词。句意:它无疑会帮助你恢复精神!修饰动词help,应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。 【59题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意:关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是,气温越低,温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。故填hotter。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意:但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”,补充说明宾语us的感受,应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。 【61题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意:你不禁会想,对当时的人们来说,把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知,“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语,it是从句的形式主语,不定式为真正主语,谓语动词用单数形式,安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was。 【62题详解】 考查连词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知,“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系,都是作it的谓语,故用并列连词and。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意:虽然在上山的路上,这是唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知,此处应用形容词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs,意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。 【64题详解】 考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句为does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意:当你在中国的时候,黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时,意为“绝对必要的事物”,为可数名词,此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”,应用不定冠词,must是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。 【6】(2021·新高考卷II语法填空) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws (吸管). I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which##that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. from 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋,减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候,我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词,所以填seventh。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾,以为那是食物时,我很难过。分析句子结构,____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语,think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系,用现在分词,所以填thinking。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构,____3____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语,用不定式,所以填to educate。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构, ____4____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which或that引导该从句,所以填which或that。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意:我找到了这家公司的联系方式,并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系,用and连接两个并列的谓语动词,所以填and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境的危害,并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句,how之后接形容词,所以填harmful。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用v+ed形式的形容词,所以填excited。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语,用名词,前面有不定冠词修饰,用名词单数,所以填representative。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意:一位公司代表回信告诉我,该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。 from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。 分析近三年的高考试题,可以发现语法填空综合性强,语法点分布广,重难点在于非谓语动词知识点的综合运用。学生平时需要多练习此类综合考查知识点的题目,提升对知识点的综合运用能力。 近三年I卷语法填空考点对比: 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2024 1 1 4 1 1 1 2023 0 4 2 1 1 1 0 1 2022 2 2 2 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 近三年II卷语法填空考点对比: 年份 有提示词 无提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 代词 名词 冠词 介词 从属连词 并列连词 2024 2 3 2 1 1 1 2023 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 2022 2 2 2 1 0 1 0 2 1 2021 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 1. 熟悉常用的语法规则。英语语法填空考察的是学生的语法知识和应用能力。教师需要让学生熟悉英语中常用的语法规则,如时态、语态、名词、代词和动词的时态等等。通过对这些语法规则的讲解和练习,可以帮助学生更好地掌握应用方法。 2. 关注上下文语境,尽可能还原原文意思。语法填空涉及到一些句子缺少必要的语言组成部分,因此对上下文语境的理解非常关键。教师可以训练学生通过上下文理解句子的含义,让学生能够根据语境预测正确的答案,同时可以透过语言进行信息补充,更好地还原原文意思。 3. 培养学生注意细节。语法填空考验的是学生的细节分析能力,许多语法错误在句子中的细节处,教师可以提供练习材料帮助学生熟悉常见的错误类型,引导学生注重细节。 【1】【浙江省北斗星盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月阶段性联考】 Qipao, a traditional dress for females in China, is reputed as one of the traditional Chinese ____56____ (costume) and an irreplaceable cultural heritage in the fashion world. Though ____57____ (debate) by experts about the exact time of its occurrence, it is believed that Qipao originated from a type of Manchurian female garment in the Qing Dynasty (1632-1912). Qipao mainly ____58____ (feature) a stand-up collar, Chinese knotted buttons, and a tight-fitting waist, is usually made from silk or cotton. Two major styles of modern Qipao, ____59____ were established in the progression, are the Shanghai style and the Beijing style. ____60____ former, absorbing western elements of design and tailoring, leads the fashion trend. ____61____ is generally accepted by scholars that the craze for Qipao in the Republican Period is a ____62____ (nature) result of the rise of women’s pursuit of freedom. Wearing Qipao, which is ____63____ (basic) a one-piece robe, carries a symbolic sense of promoting gender equality. Later on, the priority of Qipao shifted from a political expression to aesthetic(审美的) emphasis. It was chosen ____64____ the Republic of China’s mandarin dress in 1929. Since the reform and opening-up policy ____65____ (adopt) in China, Qipao has been designated (命名) as the formal dress for female diplomats in foreign affairs activities. 【答案】56. costumes 57. debated 58. featuring 59. which 60. The 61. It 62. natural 63. basically 64. as 65. was adopted 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旗袍的发展历史。 【56题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意:旗袍是中国女性的传统服饰,被誉为中国传统服饰之一,也是时尚界不可替代的文化遗产。costume“服装”是可数名词,one of后接可数名词复数。故填costumes。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管专家们对旗袍出现的确切时间存在争议,但普遍认为旗袍起源于清朝(1632-1912年)满洲女性的一种服装。空处应填过去分词和though构成让步状语,逻辑主语“旗袍”为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填debated。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:旗袍的主要特点是立领、中式结扣和紧身腰,通常由丝绸或棉花制成。本句已有动词is,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;空处动词与空前名词之间是主动关系,所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故填featuring。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:现代旗袍在发展过程中形成了海派和京派两大风格。分析句子结构可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是styles,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【60题详解】 考查冠词。句意:前者吸收了西方的设计和剪裁元素,引领着时尚潮流。此处特指前文提到的the Shanghai style,因此用定冠词The。the former“前者”。故填The。 【61题详解】 考查it作形式主语。句意:学者们普遍认为,民国时期的旗袍热是女性追求自由运动兴起的自然结果。此处是it作形式主语,that引导的句子作真正的主语。故填It。 【62题详解】 考查形容词。句意:学者们普遍认为,民国时期的旗袍热是女性追求自由运动兴起的自然结果。此处修饰名词result用形容词,因此用 natural“自然的”。故填natural。 【63题详解】 考查副词。句意:旗袍基本上是一件长袍,穿旗袍有一种促进性别平等的象征意义。本句为主系表结构,句子基本成份完整,因此空处用副词basically作状语。故填basically。 【64题详解】 考查固定短语。句意:它于1929年被选为中华民国的政界服装。be chosen as“被选为”,因此用介词as。故填as。 【65题详解】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:自从中国实行改革开放政策以来,旗袍就被指定为女外交官在外事活动中的正式服装。Since引导时间状语从句,根据语境可知事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时,主语是the reform and opening-up policy,与动词adopt“采用”是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,因此用was adopted。故填was adopted。 【2】【2024届江苏省百校大联考高三上学期第二次考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dazu Rock Carvings refers to all of the 102 cliffside carvings in Dazu district, Chongqing. The ___56___ (construct) of those rock carvings dates back to 650, and continued into the 17th century. The scenic area ___57___ (add) to the World Heritage List in December 1999. So far, 50,000 statues and 100,000 carved Chinese characters ___58___ (identify) and over 75 cliff statue sites are under state protection. The cliff statues are large in size, well carved and among the best ___59___ (preserve) of their similarities. The Dazu Rock Carvings have ___60___ important position in the history of China’s grotto art. Artisans created these rock carvings not simply by replicating (复制) images that their ancestors had made ___61___ by combining religious figures with ordinary life, ___62___ recorded the transition (过渡) of society. The statues show the evolution of carving and national features, ___63___ (break) new ground in religious art and creating dynamic figures full of life. They stand on the peak of Chinese rock carving art with their historical values and aesthetic (美学) quality. According to the UNESCO description, the Dazu Rock Carvings are remarkable ___64___ their rich diversity of subject matter and the light they cast on daily life in ancient China. Their existence proved the ____65____ (harmony) synthesis (结合) of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism during that period. 【答案】56. construction 57. was added 58. have been identified 59. preserved 60. an 61. but 62. which 63. breaking 64. for 65. Harmonious 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了大足石刻的历史、主题以及历史价值,同时介绍了它的保护现状。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意:那些岩石雕刻的结构可以追溯到650年,一直延续到17世纪。分析句子可知,空格处为句子的主语,应使用名词形式construction,此处为抽象概念,不可数,故填construction。 【57题详解】 考查动词时态以及语态。句意:该景区于1999年12月被列入世界遗产名录。分析句子可知,空格处为句子谓语部分,主语The scenic area和动词add之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据时间状语December 1999应使用一般过去时,因此,此处是一般过去时被动语态,主语The scenic area是第三人称单数形式,助动词be使用was,故填was added。 【58题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意:到目前为止,有5万尊雕像和10万个刻字3和75个摩崖造像遗址受到国家保护。分析句子可知,空格处为句子谓语部分,主语statues和characters与动词identify之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据时间状语So far应使用现在完成时,因此,此处是现在完成时的被动语态,主语statues和characters是复数形式,故填have been identified。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些悬崖雕像体积庞大,雕刻精美,是同类雕像中保存最好的。分析句子可知,空格处构成“the+形容词”表示一类事物,充当介词among的宾语,指的是被保护的雕像,所给动词preserve和逻辑主语statues是被动关系,应使用过去分词充当形容词,故填preserved。 【60题详解】 考查冠词。句意:大足石刻在中国石窟艺术史上具有重要地位。position“地位”是可数名词单数形式,此处表示泛指,应使用不定冠词,后面的单词important开头发音是辅音,故填an。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意:艺术家们不仅通过复制祖先制作的图像,还通过将宗教人物与日常生活相结合,记录了社会的转变,从而创造了这些石刻。分析句子可知,空格处和前面的构成固定句式not simply…but…“不仅……而且……”,故填but。 【62题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制定语从句引导词,从句缺少主语,先行词为整个主句内容,应用关系代词which,故填which。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些雕像展示了雕刻和民族特色的演变,开创了宗教艺术的新领域,创造了充满活力的人物形象。句中已有谓语动词show,故空处为非谓语动词,此处表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语。故填breaking。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意:根据联合国教科文组织的描述,大足石刻以其丰富的题材多样性和对中国古代日常生活的启示而引人注目。分析句子可知,此处固定短语be remarkable for“以……而著称”,故填for。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意:它们的存在证明了这一时期佛、道、儒的和谐统一。分析句子可知,空格处应使用形容词harmonious修饰名词synthesis,故填harmonious。 【3】【湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese coffee giant Luckin Coffee hit 10,000 stores in China in June, surpassing (超过) Starbucks ___36___ the largest coffee chain brand in the country following rapid nationwide ___37___ (expand) this year. Founded in 2017, Luckin Coffee burst onto the Chinese coffee scene to challenge Starbucks through ___38___ (afford) coffee options and mobile ordering. It is very common to buy a drink from Luckin for $ 2 or less after heavy discounts. Meanwhile, a cup of coffee from Starbucks ___39___ (price) at $ 4.1 or more. In the quarter ended June 30, Luckin Coffee opened 1,485 new stores, ___40___ (average) 16.5 new stores daily. China is traditionally a tea-drinking market, ___41___ over the last few years, coffee sales have been increasing ___42___ (steady), especially in urban areas and among younger ___43___ (professional). China’s overall coffee sales will rise at ___44___ rate of 8.7% annually from 2022 to 2027, according to GlobalData. The Chinese coffee chain expanded to Singapore in its first international attempt and has opened 14 stores in the city-state so far. ____45____ (make) things even more impressive, all the coffee is specially crafted by an international team of World Barista Championship winners, so you won’t find a bad cup of Joe. 【答案】36. as 37. expansion 38. affordable 39. is priced 40. averaging 41. but 42. steadily 43. professionals 44. a 45. To make 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。今年6月,中国咖啡巨头瑞幸咖啡在中国的门店数量达到1万家,超过星巴克,成为中国最大的咖啡连锁品牌。文章主要介绍了瑞幸咖啡近年来的发展情况。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意:中国咖啡巨头瑞幸咖啡今年 6 月在中国的门店数量达到 10,000 家,超过星巴克成为中国最大的咖啡连锁品牌。后跟名词作宾语,表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意:中国咖啡巨头瑞幸咖啡今年 6 月在中国的门店数量达到 10,000 家,超过星巴克成为中国最大的咖啡连锁品牌。作follow的宾语,应用名词expansion,不可数。故填expansion。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意:瑞幸咖啡成立于2017年,以价格实惠的咖啡选择和手机订餐挑战星巴克。结合语意,修饰名词options应用形容词affordable,作定语。故填affordable。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态。句意:与此同时,星巴克一杯咖啡的价格在4.1美元以上。price与主语构成被动关系,且陈述现在的一般事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为a cup of coffee,be动词使用is。故填is priced。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:在截至6月30日的季度中,瑞幸咖啡新开了1485家门店,平均每天新开16.5家门店。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词,average与上文句子构成主动关系,故用现在分词形式作状语。故填averaging。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意:中国传统上是一个饮茶市场,但在过去几年里,咖啡的销量一直在稳步增长,尤其是在城市地区和年轻的专业人士中。结合前后文语境可知,句子前后为转折关系,应用连词but。故填but。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意:中国传统上是一个饮茶市场,但在过去几年里,咖啡的销量一直在稳步增长,尤其是在城市地区和年轻的专业人士中。修饰动词increase应用副词steadily。故填steadily。 【43题详解】 考查名词的数。句意:中国传统上是一个饮茶市场,但在过去几年里,咖啡的销量一直在稳步增长,尤其是在城市地区和年轻的专业人士中。根据上文among表示在三者或三者以上之中,可知professional应用复数形式。故填professionals。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意:根据GlobalData的数据,从2022年到2027年,中国的咖啡总销量将以每年8.7%的速度增长。短语at a rate of表示“以……的速度”。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:更让人印象深刻的是,所有的咖啡都是由世界咖啡师锦标赛冠军组成的国际团队特别制作的,所以你不会找到一杯糟糕的咖啡。分析句子结构可知,make在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式形式,句首单词首字母大写。故填To make。 【4】【湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期12月考试】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Quite a few visitors to a three-day promotional event in Beijing on Friday tried their hands at fixing a Luban lock—a traditional Chinese educational toy believed to have been invented by Lu Ban, ____56____ structural engineer from the Spring and Autumn Period (770—476 BC). The lock, whose concave and convex (凹凸的) parts match ____57____ (perfect), is among hundreds of products that have been selected from the agriculture, manufacturing as well as cultural and tourism industries of Shandong province in East China. They are being promoted at the event, ____58____ (title) Friendly Shandong and Remarkable Shandong, which are the country’s cultural heritage. Lu, who was born in what is now Shandong province, ____59____ (know) as the “father of carpentry” in China. ____60____ it is easy to take his locks apart, it is difficult to rebuild them, and this is what attracts many ____61____ (try) their luck. ____62____ a key place for early Chinese civilization, Shandong, the hometown of Chinese philosophers Confucius and Mencius, has diverse cultural ____63____ (treasure) worthy of note on the global stage, said Benjamin Hammer, a US citizen who works at Shandong University. Zhou Naixiang, the governor of Shandong ____64____ addressed the opening of the event, said, “In the economic field, Shandong has committed to developing 10 industries, including information technology, modern efficient agriculture and high-quality cultural tourism, presenting huge potential in ____65____ (cooperate).” 【答案】56. a 57. perfectly 58. titled 59. is known 60. While##Though##Although 61. to try 62. As 63. treasures 64. who##that 65. cooperation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种传统的中国益智玩具——鲁班锁,以及它的发明人鲁班和他的故乡的一些相关知识。 【56题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意:周五,在北京举行的为期三天的宣传活动中,不少游客试图修复鲁班锁。鲁班锁是一种中国传统的益智玩具,据信是由春秋时期(公元前770-476年)的结构工程师鲁班发明的。结合句意,空处表示“一位”结构工程师, 应用不定冠词,且structural是辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【57题详解】 考查副词。句意:该锁的凹凸部分完美匹配,是从中国东部山东省农业、制造业以及文化和旅游业中挑选的数百种产品之一。分析句子可知,空处应用副词修饰动词match,perfect的副词形式为perfectly“完美地”。故填 perfectly。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:他们在标题为“友好山东,卓越山东”的活动中被宣传,这是中国的文化遗产。分析句子可知,空处应用过去分词作后置定语,与被修饰词the event构成逻辑上的被动关系,title“给……命名”的过去分词为titled。故填titled。 【59题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:鲁出生在现在的山东省, 被誉为中国“木工之父”。句子描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,分析句子可知,空处在句中作谓语,主语是Lu,谓语动词用单数,be known as“作为……而闻名”是固定短语,句中be应用一般现在时第三人称单数形式is。故填is known。 【60题详解】 考查状语从句。句意:尽管把他的锁拆开很容易,但重建起来却很困难,这正是吸引许多人尝试运气的原因。根据句意可知,空处应填While/Though/ Although引导让步状语从句,译为“虽然,尽管”,位于句首,首字母大写。 故填While或Though或Although。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管把他的锁拆开很容易,但重建起来却很困难,这正是吸引许多人尝试运气的原因。分析句子可知,空出应用不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to try。 【62题详解】 考查介词。句意:在山东大学工作的美国公民Benjamin Hammer说,作为中国早期文明的关键之地,中国哲学家孔子和孟子的故乡山东拥有值得在全球舞台上关注的各种文化宝藏。结合句意,空处应用介词as“作为”,位于句首,首字母大写。故填As。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意:在山东大学工作的美国公民Benjamin Hammer说,作为中国早期文明的关键之地,中国哲学家孔子和孟子的故乡山东拥有值得在全球舞台上关注的各种文化宝藏。treasure“瑰宝”是可数名词,前面有diverse“多样的”修饰,应用复数形式treasures。故填 treasures。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:山东省省长周乃祥在开幕式上致辞说:“在经济领域,山东致力于发展信息技术、现代高效农业和高品质文化旅游等10个产业,合作潜力巨大”。分析句子可知,空处应填关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词the governor“省长”,并在从句中作主语,指代人,故用关系代词who或that。故填who或that。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意:山东省省长周乃祥在开幕式上致辞说:“在经济领域,山东致力于发展信息技术、现代高效农业和高品质文化旅游等10个产业,合作潜力巨大”。分析句子可知,空处应填名词作介词in的宾语,cooperate的名词形式为cooperation“合作”。故填cooperation。 【5】【山东高中名校大联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月统一调研考】 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The strong presence of Chinese internet and technology companies as sponsors of the 19th Asian Games ____36____ (grab) the attention of viewers around the world since it started. This demonstrates China’s great achievements and ____37____ (strength) in the digital and technological innovation. The 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou, had a record-breaking 176 sponsors, ____38____ (show) the event’s global appeal. Among the 11 official partners, five are Chinese tech companies. ____39____ comparison, there were only 52 sponsors for the 16th Asian Games held in 2010 in Guangzhou, among ____40____ only three companies were from China’s internet and tech field. Alibaba Cloud, the cloud computing unit of Alibaba Group, plays a vital role by providing essential technological support for event management, results distribution, and live cloud broadcasting. ____41____ (additional), it contributes to the development of a digital platform ensuring ____42____ (efficiency) broadcast in the Asian Games Village. Chinese tech companies’ strong presence not only boosts brand awareness globally ____43____ also proves their technological and innovative capabilities. According to the 2022 Global Innovation Index ____44____ (release) by the World Intellectual Property Organization China’s strength in sci-tech innovations has taken _____45_____ great jump in recent years, reaching the 11th spot among the top 30. 【答案】36. has grabbed 37. strengths 38. showing 39. By 40. which 41. Additionally 42. efficient 43. but 44. released 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。自第19届亚运会开幕以来,中国互联网和科技公司作为赞助商的强大存在吸引了世界各地观众的注意。这体现了中国在数字科技创新方面的巨大成就和优势。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意:自第19届亚运会开幕以来,中国互联网和科技公司作为赞助商的强大存在吸引了世界各地观众的注意。since时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句谓语动词grab表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,用现在完成时,主语为The strong presence of Chinese internet and technology companies as sponsors of the 19th Asian Games,助动词用has。故填has grabbed。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意:这体现了中国在数字科技创新方面的巨大成就和优势。strength表示“优势”为可数名词,根据上文achievements and可知应用复数形式。故填strengths。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:在杭州举行的第19届亚运会有创纪录的176家赞助商,显示了该赛事的全球吸引力。分析句子结构可知show为非谓语动词,空后内容是前句造成的自然而然的结果,show用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填showing。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意:相比之下,2010年在广州举行的第16届亚运会只有52家赞助商,其中只有3家公司来自中国互联网和科技领域。短语by comparison表示“相比之下”,首字母大写。故填By。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:相比之下,2010年在广州举行的第16届亚运会只有52家赞助商,其中只有3家公司来自中国互联网和科技领域。此处是“介词+关系代词”结构引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词52 sponsors,关系词替代先行词作介词among的宾语,指物,用关系代词which。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意:此外,它还有助于发展数字平台,确保亚运村的高效广播。修饰后文句子应用副词additionally作状语,首字母大写。故填Additionally。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意:此外,它还有助于发展数字平台,确保亚运村的高效广播。修饰名词broadcast应用形容词efficient作定语。故填efficient。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意:中国科技公司的强大影响力不仅提升了全球品牌知名度,也证明了它们的技术和创新能力。表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…。故填but。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:根据世界知识产权组织发布的2022年全球创新指数,近年来中国在科技创新方面的实力有了很大的飞跃,在前30名中排名第11位。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词release与逻辑主语the 2022 Global Innovation Index构成被动关系,故用过去分词形式作定语。故填released。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意:根据世界知识产权组织发布的2022年全球创新指数,近年来中国在科技创新方面的实力有了很大的飞跃,在前30名中排名第11位。表示“有很大飞跃”短语为take a great jump。故填a。 【技巧点拨】 1. 有提示词填空题的解题技巧 此类题考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两类:一是动词的时态、语态、人称和主谓一致,动词的非谓语变化,名词的数,形容词的级别及代词的格等变化;另一类是词的词形变化,即通过派生、转化等构词法生成符合语境和语法的新词。 (1)当提示词为动词原形时,一般应考虑动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法。 分析句子结构,如考查谓语动词,就要全面分析句意,综合各种条件,判定谓语动词的时态、语态和人称单复数变化。 考查非谓语动词。如果句中已有谓语,且设空处不作并列谓语,应考虑填非谓语动词。根据其在句中的成分,判断其逻辑主语,确定两者的逻辑关系(是主谓关系还是动宾关系),并根据其时间和句法功能做出进一步选择。简单说,即“先语态,后时态,再功能”。 例如:A talk_____(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang. 句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”做的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。 (2)当提示词为名词时,要注意名词的单复数和所有格的变化。 例如:There are many students living at school, and the____(child) houses are all far from school. 由students一词可以判断出横线处应填名词复数,且作houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children's。 另外,也要注意将名词变为形容词或动词的情况,比如2020年全国甲卷第69空。 例如:The ______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink? colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 空格后是被形容词long所修饰的名词branches,根据句意“又美又长的枝条”可知,空格处应该是形容词。故将名词变为形容词beautiful。 (3)当提示词为形容词或副词时,考查方向通常有三种:考查其比较等级、考查形容词和副词之间的词性转换和考查形容词或副词的反义词。 注意:若考查比较等级时,题中通常会有than、one of (the)、even、much等与其比较级或最高级连用,或在词后加后缀?或在词前加more/most和less/least,且形容词的最高级前还要加定冠词the。 例如:I am ____(tall) than Liu Wen. He is the tallest student in my class. 此題后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,而只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。 (4)当提示词是代词时,要注意其各种格之间的形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)和反身代词,另外还有如other/another等不定代词的形式变化。 例如:(2020年·全国乙卷)...could help China decide whether _______(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 根据文意和语法结构可知,此处it应变为所有格its。 例如:(2018年·全国丙卷)...I was just glad to find _____ (they) alive. 根据文意和语法要求可知,此处应填宾格them。 例如:The king decided to see the painter by ____(he). 根据介词by可知,横线处应填反身代词himself。 (5)当提示词是数词时,要注意基数词、序数词等形式变化。 数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀?甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。 例如:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half; my second son shall take a ____(three). 根据语境可知,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,那么二儿子应该分得“三分之一”,所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。 特别提醒:要注意一些表示“整十”的基数词和序数词的拼写。 (6)词类转换 词类转换多以派生词为主,如形容词、副词、名词、动词间的相互转化。因此,要分析句子结构,确定所填词的词性,根据构词法做出相应变化。 例如:Lious lost his wallet yesterday, so he was very ____(happiness). 在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该处应用形容词。钱包丢了,Lious应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un就成了unhappy。 2. 无提示词填空题的解题技巧 无提示词填空题需要学生在不给出提示词的情况下,填入符合上下文逻辑、语法、句法的词汇,主要考查冠词、代词、介词、情态动词、助动词、连词和关系词等。 (1)冠词 如果空格后为名词,且无其他修饰词,可以考虑填冠词(a、an或the)。这里要注意定冠词和不定冠词的区别:如果是第一次出现的、表示泛指的可数名词单数,用不定冠词a/an;如果是特指,或已知的,或专有名词,则用定冠词the。 (2)代词 没有提示词时,根据文意,也有可能需要填恰当的代词。这时代词一定是上文中有所明确的指代对象,这需要学生正确理解文意,并填写代词的恰当的格与数。 例如:(2017年·全国甲卷)...people were using ________ every day. 此处指代上文提到过的the railway,故需要用代词it。 然而,也不排除根据上下文,有需要填写形容词性物主代词(his、her、my、their等)、不定代词(other、another、either、both等)或反身代词的可能。答题时,分析句子成分是关键:缺主语,用主格;缺宾语,用宾格;如果宾语与主语为同一人(或物),用反身代词。 (3)介词 如果空格后是名词性成分(名词、代词、动名词或名词性从句),尤其是当空格后是代词的宾格时,则首先考虑填介词;如果空格前为动词,且空后为名词、动名词,则也可能填介词,构成动词短语。这时需要根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语。 例如:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying ____, dirty but happy. 根据从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enjoy oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。 (4)情态动词和助动词 如果空格后的谓语动词是原形或是have done或be doing等形式,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,要考虑表示“推理判断”的情态动词,如must、should;或者有可能是虚拟语气的某种形式。 如果是强调空格后的动词,则需要填助动词do的某种形式。 如果是倒装句,空格后为主语,则考虑填do、have等助动词的某种形式或某些情态动词。 (5)连词 连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词,对连词的考查实际上是对并列句、名词性从句和状语从句用法的考查。 如果两句话彼此语义平等,分述了两个情况,则考虑是并列句。常用的并列连词有and(表顺承)、but(表转折)、or(表选择)、so/for(表因果)等。 如果一句话在另一句话中做了某个句子成分,两句话彼此语义间有主次关系或有修饰关系,则考虑是从属复合句。复合句根据从句在主句中所作的成分,又分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句,其各自又有具体的分类。 选择复合句的连词,首先要判断是三大从句的哪一种。如果是名词性从句和定语从句,则要从句子成分是否完整的角度去选择连词,即“缺什么补什么”。同时要格外注意如what、that、which和where等连词在名词性从句和定语从句中的用法区别。如果是状语从句,则首先根据句意逻辑,判断是哪种状语从句,然后根据文意和连词用法,在引导该类从句的连词中选择恰当的连词。 另外,有些常见的关联搭配,学生也需要加以关注。比如:常用的连词有and、or、but、so、for、while等,常用的关联短语有both...and...、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等。 例如:Wang Jun could not go to school, _____ his family was too poor. 此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面有逗号隔开,所以填for。 再如:____ Marie and Jannie like going to the theatre. 横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and...,故答案为Both。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题07 语法填空(记叙文+说明文)- 备战2025年高考英语真题题源解密(新高考通用)
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