河南省商丘市各县区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

绝密★启用前 2023-2024学年河南省商丘市各县区联考高二下学期期末考试 英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷（选择题） 一、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共33.5分。 A A 3-Day Tour from Los Angeles to San Francisco Tour Code：GOL—LA—344 Duration：3 Day（s）/ 2 Nights Tour Guide：Chinese，English Day 1—Los Angeles—17-Mile Drive—San Francisco We will depart from Los Angeles this morning and travel to the picturesque Monterey Peninsula!Sea breezes，surging waves，bizarre rocks，and adorable seals along with sea lions rest on the beach.First，we will stop at a world's first-class golf course resort to sightsee the amazing ocean views and multimillion-dollar mansions.Then we enjoy the scenery of the 17 Miles dr.，which is truly breathtaking! Hotel：Wild Palms，a JDV by Hyatt Hotel or Similar. Day 2— San Francisco City Tour Join us today as we head over to San Francisco!San Francisco is home to over 50 rolling hills and is surrounded by water on 3 sides.We will visit the Golden Gate Bridge，Lombard Street，Palace of Fine Arts，and Fisherman's Wharf!You can even take an optional cruise on the San Francisco Bay. Hotel：Holiday Inn Express Chowchilla or Similar. Day 3—Yosemite National Park—Los Angeles California is known for its natural beauty that it portrays，today we will be showing you the greatest one of all!It is beyond your imagination!We will be visiting Yosemite National Park，one of the most spectacular places to visit in the world! Hotel→ Yosemite National Park → Los Angeles WHAT'S EXCLUDED. × Lunch and dinner.Service fee （minimum USD＄12/person/day） × Expenditure for personal purposes ATTRACTION PRICES Attractions Adult Child （3—11 years. ） Senior （65+ years. ） San Francisco Bay Cruise，CA ＄47.00 ＄34.00 ＄47.00 San Francisco In-Depth Tour，CA ＄45.00 ＄45.00 ＄45.00 1.Where can you enjoy the famous city attractions？ ______ A. Monterey Peninsula. B. San Francisco City. C. Yosemite National Park. D. Denmark city. 2.Which of the following isn't included in the 3-day tour？ ______ A. To visit Yosemite National Park. B. To sightsee the scenery of the 17 Miles dr. C. To stay in the same hotel for the 3-day tour. D. To enjoy the ocean scenery in Monterey Peninsula. 3.How much would a couple with two children （3-11 yrs.） pay for admission to San Francisco Bay Cruise，CA？ ______ A. ＄162.00. B. ＄180.00. C. ＄175.00. D. ＄184.00. B Lately，an 86.6-metre-tall mass-timber（拼接木材） tower in Milwaukee，Wisconsin designed by Korb+Associates Architects，has been certified as the world's tallest timber building.Located in a neighbourhood near the lakefront，the 25-store y tower is made almost entirely from timber except for the base，elevators and stair shafts（竖井）. The structure took only two years to build.It has a concrete-framed podium（基座） at the base that is six storeys tall and the 19-store y timber tower rises from the podium.The core containing the elevator shaft and staircase is made of concrete to help the building deal with wind and earthquakes，as well as for fire safety reasons. "Our cores are concrete，"Korb+Associates Architects founder Jason Korb said. Thornton Tomasetti associate Alejandro Fernandez，who worked on the project，said that the city required a three-hour fire rating for the columns，so the team worked with the Forest Products Laboratory to optimize the columns to meet this standard. "We think it was the first three-hour fire testing on columns，" said Fernandez，adding that the floor plates had a two-hour rating，meaning the components can burn for two hours without losing structural integrity. Because of requirements preventing external wood exposure and the developer's desire to capture the lake views，the outside of the structure is made almost entirely of glass and metal panelling. Both Korb and Fernandez agreed that many of the drivers behind the project were economic——from the real estate perspective of the facade（建筑物正面） to the cost restrictions of the timber.Much of the wood was sourced from Austria because sourcing high-quality supplies from North American manufacturers would have been too expensive.Economic benefits were increased by labour usage of the project.Korb estimated that the project used about 25 per cent of the onsite labour required for a concrete structure and that it was completed in about half the time. Both Fernandez and Korb believe that the tower will provide further proof of concept for developers who are looking to create innovative structures from timber.And mid-rise developments like these that "attract people to the urban core"are a "good"thing，Korb added. 4.What can we know about the building？ ______ A. It is about 19-storey tall. B. Its cores are made of timber. C. It is the tallest building in the world. D. It can stand three-hour fire testing on columns. 5.Where is the wood used for construction from？ ______ A. Austria. B. North America. C. The Wisconsin state. D. The Forest Products Laboratory. 6.What does Korb think of the project？ ______ A. It is time-saving. B. It is difficult and costly. C. It is environment-friendly. D. It is energy-consuming. 7.What can we infer from the last paragraph？ ______ A. More developers will choose timber to build tall buildings. B. The timber tower is a good example of innovative structure. C. Mid-rise developments will become more and more popular. D. Innovative structures from timber will need more improvements. C Fancy spending your summer break improving your skills and preparing for your first job？We have gathered the best summer programs in Singapore in recent years.Now you will be able to narrow down your choices and make a decision. Standout Global Summer Program At Standout Summer School，one of your missions will be to work as an intern （实习学生） with leaders in the business world who have plenty of years of experience in the field.Through this program，you can boost your knowledge by interacting with experts in fields like digital marketing，entrepreneurship（创业），investment，etc.Wherever you come from，the school will welcome you in their detailed program. NTU Summer School Program Nanyang Technological University will take you on a unique experience in their summer camp.In NTU's summer school，you will be able to enjoy your favorite business track out of five different options.Each track will lead you to an internship （实习期）at a top-ranked company lasting from 3 weeks to 2 months. NUS Summer School Program The National University of Singapore offers one of the leading summer camps in Singapore.The program is designed for students who are from its partner universities located all around the world.With passion as one of the university's core values，the NUS Summer School guarantees continuous development for its students. Singapore Management University Global Summer Program With its third Global Summer Program starting in July，Singapore Management University offers international students an unforgettable opportunity：4 weeks of learning in Singapore，with a week spent overseas in another Asian city to combine an unmatched experience. Get in touch with us to get all your questions about global summer programs answered! 8.What's the purpose of these programs？ ______ A. Help students to enhance their skills. B. Spend overseas in summer break. C. Enjoy students' favorite business track. D. Work as an intern with leaders in the business world. 9.Which program only allows students from its partner universities to join？ ______ A. Standout Global Summer Program. B. NUS Summer School Program. C. NTU Summer School Program. D. Singapore Management University Global Summer Program. 10.How many weeks does Singapore Management University Global Summer Program last？ ______ A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Eight. D Nowadays，smartphones fill us with text messages.Social media attack us with endless notices.Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices，from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past. Thoreau would beg to differ.As a writer who claimed the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago，he went against his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age，distinguished by the rise of huge factories and powerful machines such as steam engines.Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden. In Walden，Thoreau is basically making a philosophical statement：We are not living deliberate or meaningful lives，thanks to modern technology.We created powerful machines to make life more convenient.Unfortunately，these machines have done the opposite.In his words， "Men have become the tools of their tools". When technology causes that much distraction and confusion，it may be healthy to simplify life by shortening these technological use.Personally，I've done so in two ways.First，I don't use data on my cellphone.I only use it to call or text.Second，I quit most social media.As a result，my technology distracts me very little，which allows me to live in.less confusion and，therefore，more deliberation.Sure，that's not as extreme as Thoreau-moving to the woods，but it's a realistic move I can make toward a more meaningful life. One final clarification：Thoreau's message of simplicity isn't about rejecting all technology.It is，however，rejecting technological consumerism，or compulsively buying more technology for the sake of having more technology.This is why Walden is such an important book for technology education.Simplicity means minimizing material distractions so as to maximize life's meaning. 11.What do we know about Thoreau in paragraph 2？ ______ A. He lived in the high industrial building. B. He moved to a place close to nature. C. He thought highly of modern technology. D. He was fond of adventure in urban areas. 12.Why are people not living meaningful lives according to Thoreau？ ______ A. Men haven't made full use of their technology . B. Some digital devices are inconvenient to use. C. Men have become the slaves of modern technology. D. Modern machines are powerful enough to control people. 13.How does the author shorten technological use？ ______ A. By using date on the phone. B. By abusing technological devices. C. By living in less confusion. D. By quitting using most social media. 14.Which statement will Thoreau probably agree with from the last paragraph？ ______ A. Less is more. B. The more，the better. C. Knowledge is power. D. No pains，no gains. 二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。 Stages of a Hurricane：Simple Storms Grow Into Giants A storm progresses through four different stages before it is actually considered a hurricane.First is a tropical （热带的） disturbance，which has thunderstorms and rotating （旋转的） winds.Next is a tropical depression （低气压），which is similar to a tropical disturbance，but has winds between 23 and 39 miles per hour.A tropical storm is the next level，which has stronger wind speeds between 40 and 73 miles per hour. （1） ______ The wind picks up energy from the warm surface ocean water. As a hurricane crosses over land，it begins to become weaker and reduce in strength. （2） ______ At this point，a hurricane can still cause a lot of damage because of high winds，rain，and flooding，but unless it makes its way back over the open ocean，it is downgraded from a hurricane back to a tropical storm. What's Your Name，Hurricane？ Hurricanes and tropical storms are given names to help people recognize them. （3） ______ Before 1953，hurricanes were not given official names.From 1953 through 1978，hurricanes were only female names like Isabel，Camille，Claudette，and Wilma.Beginning in 1979，hurricanes were given the names of both women and men. （4） ______ For example，in 2010，storms were named as follows：Alex （male），Bonnie （female），Colin （male），Danielle （female），Earl （male） and so on. There are six different lists of names that change. （5） ______ The only way that a new name is added is adopted when a hurricane has been particularly deadly or costly and the name is retired，then replaced with a new one. A.It is difficult to give hurricanes official names. B.And the same names are used every six years. C.During this period the hurricanes do not destroy things as usual. D.Once winds reach 74 miles per hour，the storm is officially called a hurricane. E.Scientists refer to hurricanes and storms by name as they track them across the ocean. F.This is because it's no longer over the warm ocean water where it needs for energy. G.Today，the names alternate （交替） male and female，and they are named in the order of letters. 15.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 16.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 A few years ago，I started a daily running habit.After a few months，I found myself in a good（1） ______ ：Running was getting mentally and physically easier，and I noticed I had more（2） ______ throughout the day.But after about a year，I started getting（3） ______ in my ankles and knees——nothing （4） ______ ， but enough for me to constantly （5） ______ if I was damaging my body more.My running habit started to （6） ______ my daily life，so I decided to make a （7） ______ .Now，I do regular full-body （8） ______ and only run once a week.And on the days when I don't do full workouts，I go for a walk.My body feels stronger，and my mind is clearer. I also revisited my （9） ______ habit.When I first started writing，my goal was to one day get a book deal from a major （10） ______ .And so I built habits to get me there.I （11） ______ talked to people in the publishing world and （12） ______ myself to write pages and pages each day.While I was doing this，I kept writing （13） ______ articles on the side.Soon，though，I （14） ______ a shift：Readers kept telling me that they found value in these shorter pieces，and it （15） ______ that this was the type of content I enjoyed writing most.So I've changed my writing habits. Even the best routines are useless if they are no longer serving you.Just get rid of them，and replace them with new ones that will help you get where you want to go. 20.A. place B. order C. routine D. circle 21.A. energy B. time C. interest D. confidence 22.A. covered B. burnt C. cut D. injured 23.A. major B. common C. small D. wrong 24.A. imagine B. wonder C. suppose D. assess 25.A. disturb B. build C. save D. simplify 26.A. plan B. change C. difference D. wish 27.A. treatment B. examination C. exercise D. stretch 28.A. working B. sleeping C. eating D. writing 29.A. publisher B. designer C. editor D. advertiser 30.A. eventually B. regularly C. properly D. hurriedly 31.A. allowed B. advised C. pushed D. commanded 32.A. wonderful B. short C. attractive D. complex 33.A. formed B. brought C. caused D. noticed 34.A. insisted on B. held up C. turned out D. believed in 第II卷（非选择题） 四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 35.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the north bank of Fuxian Lake in Chengjiang County，Yunnan Province sits a straw-hat-shaped mountain （1） ______ （ call） Maotian Mountain，（ 2） ______ a 512-hectare site is praised as a "world-class treasure trove of fossils" by the international scientific community.On July 1，1984，young paleontologists in China discovered a fossil of the arthropod （节肢动物化石） with a long tail in Maotian Mountain. "（3） ______ we had studied in China were just shell of fossils.The arthropods，lifelike fossils with legs，which belonged to fossils of soft-bodied animals，are （4） ______ game changer in the research of China's paleontology （古生物学）"，Hou Xianguang，a paleontologist said. Scientists have obtained a large number of research results on Chengjiang Fossil Site.The reason why Chengjiang fauna （动物群） is （5） ______ great significance is that it is closely related to the emergence of the animal tree of life. Up to now，more than 20 phyla and more than 280 species （6） ______ （ record）in the Chengjiang Fossil Site，of which，80% are new species.On July 1，2012，the Chengjiang Fossil Site （7） ______ （ be） inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO，（ 8） ______ （ become） China' s first World Heritage Site for paleontological fossils. The UNESCO evaluation says the Chengjiang Fossil Site is one of the （9） ______ （ early） records of a complex marine ecosystem of the early Cambrian communities.The property displays excellent quality of fossil （10） ______ （ preserve）.It presents an exceptional record of the rapid diversification of life on Earth during the early Cambrian period. (1) ______ (2) ______ (3) ______ (4) ______ (5) ______ (6) ______ (7) ______ (8) ______ (9) ______ (10) ______ 五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共50分。 36.在越来越激烈的学习竞争中，目前高二的一些学生也存在不同程度的心理问题。请你以"How to Improve Students' Mental Health"为题写一篇短文，向学校英文报投稿。 要求如下： （1）采取正确的态度。 （2）寻求帮助。 （3）保持有规律运动的习惯。 注意： （1）词数100左右； （2）the mental health consulting room （心理健康咨询室） How to Improve Students' Mental Health_______ 37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Merchant Tovel loved attention.Knowing that people would listen if he had news to share，he went around his village making up stories about the local rabbi（犹太教神职人员）. "He mixes dairy and meat!" said Tovel. The townspeople shook their heads，for they all knew that dairy and meat must not be mixed in the course of any meal. "And he sneaks（偷拿） food on Yom Kippur，" added Tovel. "Not Yom Kippur!"cried the townspeople. For not only is Yom Kippu r the most important fasting day of the year，but it is also the holiest Jewish holiday. Later，alone in his home，the talebearer felt bad about what he had done.His stories about the rabbi had spread quickly. "I will go to the rabbi and beg him for forgiveness，"he decided.Then all would be well again. The next morning，he went to the temple and knocked on the door. "Rabbi，"he called，"it is merchant Tovel，coming to see you about an important matter." "Come in，Tovel，"the rabbi said warmly，opening the door. In a matter of moments，Tovel told the rabbi all the things he had said.Then he asked，"What can I do to make things right？" The rabbi thought for a moment，then told him，"You must take a feather pillow（枕头），cut it open，and feed the feathers to the wind." Tovel thought that the rabbi's suggestion was strange，but the task seemed simple enough.And if it would take away the guilt he felt，then why not do it？Tovel thanked the rabbi and quickly left the temple.At home，the talebearer grabbed a feather pillow，waited for the afternoon winds to pick up，then climbed to the top of a hill.There，he cut open the pillow and watched the feathers float far and wide across the land.Satisfied，Tovel returned to tell the rabbi of his deed. "Now go and gather those feathers，"the rabbi commanded. 注意： 续写词数应为 150 左右； "But they are everywhere!" Tovel cried. "How will I get them all？"___________ Feeling disappointed，Tovel returned to tell the rabbi about the feathers he couldn't collect.__________ 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 2023-2024学年河南省商丘市各县区联考高二下学期期末考试 英语试卷（答案和解析） 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. 【小题1】called 【小题2】where 【小题3】What 【小题4】a 【小题5】of 【小题6】have been recorded 【小题7】was 【小题8】becoming 【小题9】earliest 【小题10】preservation 36. How to Improve Students' Mental HealthWith the increasingly fierce study competition，there is no doubt that mental problems have become a heated issue which is related to daily life.Nowadays，it is widely acknowledged that mental health plays an important role in students' life.We should take the right attitude towards the situation.（话题） As far as I'm concerned，on no account should we ignore the significance of mental health.Above all，we should keep an optimistic attitude and bravely face it in terms of our work and study.What's more，if we have difficulty with pains and puzzles，communicate with our parents，teachers or friends to release our stress.We should not hesitate to go to the mental health consulting room for help.（寻求帮助）Last but not least，keep a habit of doing sports regularly，which is of great benefit to us.【高分句型一】Only in this way can we improve our mental health.【高分句型二】（保持有规律运动的习惯） 37. "But they are everywhere!" Tovel cried."How will I get them all？"The rabbi said，"Words are like feathers scattered by the wind.Once you let them out，you can never take them back. " Understanding the consequences of his gossip，Tovel set out to do as the rabbi had instructed.【高分句型一】He managed to collect most of the feathers that he had scattered in town but a few were blown too far away for him to get.【高分句型二】（托维尔收集被风吹散的羽毛的经过） Feeling disappointed，Tovel returned to tell the rabbi about the feathers he couldn't collect.The rabbi smiled and replied，"Those feathers may be gone forever，but you can start today to speak kindly and truthfully.This way，you won't have to worry about chasing feathers in the wind again." Tovel left the temple，feeling relieved and with a new-found understanding about the power of his words.From that day on，he no longer felt the need to fabricate stories or gossip about others.He made efforts to speak kindly and truthfully，and by doing so，he won back the respect of his villagers.（拉比告诉托维尔一些道理以及托维尔的内心感受） 【解析】 1~3. （1）细节理解题。根据Day 2— San Francisco City Tour部分中We will visit the Golden Gate Bridge，Lombard Street，Palace of Fine Arts，and Fisherman's Wharf!（我们将参观金门大桥、伦巴第街、艺术宫和渔人码头）可知，在旧金山可以欣赏到著名的城市景点，故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据Day 1—Los Angeles—17-Mile Drive—San Francisco部分中Hotel：Wild Palms，a JDV by Hyatt Hotel or Similar.（酒店：野棕榈，凯悦酒店或类似的JDV）以及Day 2— San Francisco City Tour部分中Hotel：Holiday Inn Express Chowchilla or Similar.（酒店：Chowchilla快捷假日酒店或类似酒店）可知，这次旅行第一天和第二天住得不是同一家酒店，A．To visit Yosemite National Park.参观约塞米蒂国家公园；B．To sightsee the scenery of the 17 Miles dr.去看看17 Miles dr的风景；C．To stay in the same hotel for the 3-day tour.在3天的旅行中住在同一家酒店；D．To enjoy the ocean scenery in Monterey Peninsula在蒙特利半岛欣赏海景。故选C。 （3）数字计算题。根据表格中San Francisco Bay Cruise，CA的价格可知，旧金山湾游轮成年人是每人47美元，3到11岁的孩子是每人34美元，故一对夫妻和两个3到11岁的孩子一共需要162美元。故选A。 这篇短文主要介绍了从洛杉矶到旧金山的3天旅游行程。第一天，我们将从洛杉矶出发，前往风景如画的蒙特雷半岛，欣赏大海的微风、汹涌的海浪、奇特的岩石和可爱的海豹。然后我们将参观世界一流的高尔夫球场度假村，欣赏令人惊叹的海景和价值百万美元的豪宅，接着我们将欣赏令人叹为观止的17英里海岸线的风景。第二天，我们将前往旧金山参观金门大桥、著名的弯弯街、美术宫和渔人码头。第三天，我们将参观世界上最壮观的景点之一，优胜美地国家公园。短文还提到了不包括在行程中的午餐和晚餐费用，以及景点门票价格。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。 4~7. （1）细节理解题。根据第三段中so the team worked with the Forest Products Laboratory to optimize the columns to meet this standard. "We think it was the first three-hour fire testing on columns，" said Fernandez（因此该团队与森林产品实验室合作，优化这些柱子，以满足这一标准。费尔南德斯说："我们认为这是对柱子进行的第一次三小时的防火测试。"）可知，关于这栋楼我们知道它的柱子可以经受三个小时的防火测试。故选D。 （2）细节理解题。根据第五段中Much of the wood was sourced from Austria because sourcing high-quality supplies from North American manufacturers would have been too expensive.（大部分木材来自奥地利，因为从北美制造商那里采购高质量的木材成本太高。）可知，建筑用的木材来自奥地利。故选A。 （3）推理判断题。根据第五段中Korb estimated that the project used about 25 per cent of the onsite labour required for a concrete structure and that it was completed in about half the time.（Korb估计，该项目使用了混凝土结构所需的25%的现场劳动力，并在大约一半的时间内完成。）可推知，Korb认为这个项目很省时。故选A。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Both Fernandez and Korb believe that the tower will provide further proof of concept for developers who are looking to create innovative structures from timber.（Fernandez和Korb都认为，这座塔将为那些寻求用木材创造创新结构的开发商提供进一步的概念证明。）可推知，木塔是创新结构的一个很好的例子。故选B。 这篇短文主要介绍了位于威斯康星州密尔沃基市的一座86.6米高的木结构塔楼，该塔楼被认证为世界上最高的木结构建筑。该塔楼几乎完全由木材构成，除了底部、电梯和楼梯井外。该结构仅用了两年时间建成，底部有一个六层高的混凝土框架基座，19层高的木结构塔楼从基座上升。建筑的核心部分采用混凝土制成，以应对风灾、地震和火灾安全等问题。外部几乎全部由玻璃和金属板材构成。该项目的驱动力主要是经济因素，从房地产角度来看，外立面的要求以及木材成本限制等。许多木材来自奥地利，因为从北美制造商那里采购高质量的木材将会太昂贵。该塔楼的建设也增加了劳动力的使用，节约了时间和成本。该塔楼将为希望创造创新木结构建筑的开发商提供进一步的概念证明。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。 8~10. （1）细节理解题。由文章第一段中的Fancy spending your summer break improving your skills and preparing for your first job（想利用暑假提高自己的技能，为自己的第一份工作做准备吗）；以及后文的介绍，可知这些暑期项目是为了帮助学生提高自己的技能。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据NUS Summer School Program部分中的The program is designed for students who are from its partner universities located all around the world（该项目是为来自世界各地合作大学的学生设计的），可知只为来自其合作大学的学生提供夏令营项目是新加坡国立大学暑期学校项目。故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据Singapore Management University Global Summer Program部分中的With its third Global Summer Program starting in July，Singapore Management University offers international students an unforgettable opportunity：4 weeks of learning in Singapore，with a week spent overseas in another Asian city to combine an unmatched experience（新加坡管理大学将于今年7月启动第三届全球暑期项目，为国际学生提供一个难忘的机会：在新加坡学习4周，并在另一个亚洲城市度过一周，以获得无与伦比的海外体验），可知新加坡管理大学的暑期项目会持续五周时间。故选C。 这是一篇应用文。作者推荐了近年来新加坡几个最好的暑期项目。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。 11~14. （1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.（Thoreau退出城市生活，独自一人住在树林里）可知，Thoreau搬到了一个接近大自然的地方，A.He lived in the high industrial building.他住在高高的工业大楼里；B.He moved to a place close to nature.他搬到了一个接近大自然的地方；C.He thought highly of modern technology.他对现代技术评价很高；D.He was fond of adventure in urban areas.他喜欢在市区冒险。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段中We are not living deliberate or meaningful lives，thanks to modern technology.（由于现代科技，我们没有过着深思熟虑或有意义的生活）和In his words， 'Men have become the tools of their tools'.（用他的话来说，"人类已经成为工具的工具"）可知，按照Thoreau的观点，人们没有过上有意义的生活是因为他们成为了现代科技的奴隶，故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第四段Second，I quit most social media.（其次，我退出了大多数社交媒体）可知，作者缩短对科技的使用的第二种方法是退出大多数的社交媒体，故选D。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段One final clarification：Thoreau's message of simplicity isn't about rejecting all technology.It is，however，rejecting technological consumerism，or compulsively buying more technology for the sake of having more technology.This is why Walden is such an important book for technology education.Simplicity means minimizing material distractions so as to maximize life's meaning.（最后要澄清的是：Thoreau的简单思想并不是要拒绝所有的科技。然而，它拒绝科技消费主义，或者为了拥有更多科技而强制购买更多科技。这就是为什么《瓦尔登湖》是一本如此重要的技术教育书籍。简单意味着尽量减少物质上的干扰，从而使生活的意义最大化）可知，Thoreau并不是要拒绝所有的科技，而是要让科技减少对生活的干扰，从而使生活意义最大化，故A项"Less is more.少即是多"意思是简单的东西往往带给人们的是更多的享受，与Thoreau的观点一致，故选A。 这段短文主要写了现代科技带来的便利性和社交媒体的影响，以及亨利•梭罗在《瓦尔登湖》中对简单生活的价值的探讨。梭罗认为现代科技让人们的生活变得不自主、无意义，他提倡简化生活以追求更有意义的生活。作者也分享了自己简化生活的方式，即减少手机和社交媒体的使用，以减少科技带来的干扰和混乱，从而更加深思熟虑地生活。最后，梭罗的简单生活观念并不是完全拒绝科技，而是拒绝盲目购买科技产品，强调简化物质的干扰以追求生活的意义。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。 15~19. （1）联系上文题。根据空前A storm progresses through four different stages before it is actually considered a hurricane.First is a tropical （热带的） disturbance，which has thunderstorms and rotating （旋转的） winds.Next is a tropical depression （低气压），which is similar to a tropical disturbance，but has winds between 23 and 39 miles per hour.A tropical storm is the next level，which has stronger wind speeds between 40 and 73 miles per hour. （一场风暴经过四个不同的阶段才真正被视为飓风。首先是热带扰动，有雷暴和旋转风。接下来是热带低气压，类似于热带扰动，但风速在每小时23至39英里之间。热带风暴是下一级，其风速在每小时40至73英里之间。）可知，一场风暴经过四个不同的阶段才真正被视为飓风，前面讲了三个阶段，这里应该讲到风暴形成飓风的最后一个阶段。D项"一旦风速达到每小时74英里，风暴就被正式称为飓风。"符合语境，故选D。 （2）联系上文题。根据空前As a hurricane crosses over land，it begins to become weaker and reduce in strength. （当飓风穿过陆地时，它开始变得更弱，强度降低。）可知，下面要讲到飓风变弱的原因。F项"这是因为它不再处于需要能量的温暖海水之上。"解释了飓风因为不在温暖海水上所以变弱的原因，符合语境，故选F。 （3）细节理解题。根据空前Hurricanes and tropical storms are given names to help people recognize them. （飓风和热带风暴被命名以帮助人们识别它们。）可知，飓风有自己的名称。以及空后Before 1953，hurricanes were not given official names.From 1953 through 1978，hurricanes were only female names like Isabel，Camille，Claudette，and Wilma.Beginning in 1979，hurricanes were given the names of both women and men. （从1953年到1978年，飓风都是女性的名字，比如伊莎贝尔、卡米尔、克劳德特和威尔玛。从1979年开始，飓风的名字有男有女。）可知，这里介绍了科学家给飓风命名的具体名称。E项"当科学家们在海洋中追踪飓风和风暴时，他们会用名字来称呼它们。"提到了科学家给飓风和风暴命名，符合语境，故选E。 （4）细节理解题。根据空前Beginning in 1979，hurricanes were given the names of both women and men.（从1979年开始，飓风的名字有男有女。）可知，飓风名字有男有女。以及空后For example，in 2010，storms were named as follows：Alex （male），Bonnie （female），Colin （male），Danielle （female），Earl （male） and so on.（例如，2010年，风暴的命名如下：Alex（男性）、Bonnie（女性）、Colin（男性）、Danielle（女性）、Earl（男性）等。）可知，这里举了一些男女名词代表飓风。G项"今天，名字是男女交替的，而且是按字母顺序命名的。"符合语境，故选G。 （5）细节理解题。根据空前There are six different lists of names that change.（有六组不同的会改变的名字列表。）可知，这里讲到飓风的命名也会发生改变。以及空后The only way that a new name is added is adopted when a hurricane has been particularly deadly or costly and the name is retired，then replaced with a new one.（添加新名称的唯一方法是，当飓风造成特别致命或造成特别严重的损失时，该名称被淘汰，然后用一个新名称取而代之。）可知，这里飓风的名字很长时间才会换，name和选项中的name是原词复现。B项"同样的名字每六年更换一次。"符合语境，故选B。 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飓风的四个阶段和其命名方式。 关于选句填空的做题步骤： 步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。 步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。 步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。 步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。 步骤五：区分相似项。 20~34. （1）考查名词及语境理解。A.place地方；B.order订单；C.routine常规，惯例；D.circle圆圈。句意：几个月后，我发现自己养成了一个很好的习惯：跑步在精神上和身体上都变得更容易了，我注意到我一整天都有更多的精力。根据前文"A few years ago，I started a daily running habit.（几年前，我养成了每天跑步的习惯。）"可知，此处是指养成了一个很好的习惯。故选C项。 （2）考查名词及语境理解。A.energy精力；B.time时间；C.interest兴趣；D.confidence信心。句意：几个月后，我发现自己养成了一个很好的习惯：跑步在精神上和身体上都变得更容易了，我注意到我一整天都有更多的精力。根据上文"Running was getting mentally and physically easier（跑步在精神上和身体上都变得更容易了）"可知，此处是指一整天都有更多的精力。故选A项。 （3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.covered有遮盖物的；B.burnt烧坏的；C.cut缩减的；D.injured受伤的。句意：但大约一年后，我的脚踝和膝盖开始受伤---没什么大不了的，但足以让我不断怀疑自己是否对身体造成了更大的伤害。根据下文"if I was damaging my body more（是否对身体造成了更大的伤害）"可知，此处是指脚踝和膝盖开始受伤。故选D项。 （4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.major严重的；B.common普遍的；C.small小的；D.wrong错误的。句意：但大约一年后，我的脚踝和膝盖开始受伤---没什么大不了的，但足以让我不断怀疑自己是否对身体造成了更大的伤害。根据下文"but enough for me（但是足以使我……）"可知，此处是指没什么严重的。故选A项。 （5）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagine想象；B.wonder想知道；C.suppose推断；D.assess评估。句意：但大约一年后，我的脚踝和膝盖开始受伤---没什么大不了的，但足以让我不断怀疑自己是否对身体造成了更大的伤害。根据下文"if I was damaging my body more（是否对身体造成了更大的伤害）"可知，此处是指想知道自己是否对身体造成了更大的伤害，故选B项。 （6）考查动词及语境理解。A.disturb扰乱；B.build建立；C.save节省；D.simplify简化。句意：我的跑步习惯开始扰乱我的日常生活，所以我决定做出改变。根据上文"But after about a year，I started getting injured in my ankles and knees（但大约一年后，我的脚踝和膝盖开始受伤）"可知，此处是指跑步习惯开始扰乱"我"的日常生活，故选A项。 （7）考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划；B.change改变；C.difference不同；D.wish愿望。句意：我的跑步习惯开始扰乱我的日常生活，所以我决定做出改变。根据后文"and only run once a week（并且每周只跑一次）"可知，此处是指决定做出改变，故选B项。 （8）考查名词及语境理解。A.treatment治疗；B.examination考试；C.exercise锻炼，运动；D.stretch伸展。句意：现在，我定期做全身运动，每周只跑步一次。根据下文"and only run once a week（每周只跑步一次）"以及"And on the days when I don't do full workouts，I go for a walk.（在我不进行全面锻炼的日子里，我会去散步。）"可知，此处是指定期做全身运动，故选C项。 （9）考查动名词及语境理解。A.working工作；B.sleeping睡眠；C.eating吃；D.writing写作。句意：我也重新审视了自己的写作习惯。根据后文"When I first started writing（最初我开始写作的时候）"可知，此处是指重新审视了自己的写作习惯，故选D项。 （10）考查名词及语境理解。A.publisher出版社；B.designer设计师；C.editor编辑；D.advertiser广告商。句意：最初我开始写作的时候，我的目标是有一天能和一家大的出版社签订出书协议。根据上文"get a book deal（签订出书协议）"可知，此处是指和一家大的出版社签订出书协议，故选A项。 （11）考查副词及语境理解。A.eventually最终；B.regularly经常地；C.properly恰当地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。句意：我经常和出版界的人交谈，强迫自己每天写一页又一页。根据前文"And so I built habits to get me there.（所以我养成了一些习惯来达到这个目标。）"可知，此处是指经常和出版界的人交谈，故选B项。 （12）考查动词及语境理解。A.allowed允许；B.advised建议；C.pushed强迫；D.commanded命令。句意：我经常和出版界的人交谈，强迫自己每天写一页又一页。根据下文"myself to write pages and pages each day（……自己每天写一页又一页）"可知，此处是指强迫自己每天写一页又一页，故选C项。 （13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.wonderful精彩的；B.short简短的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.complex复杂的。句意：当我在做这些的时候，我一直在兼职写一些短文。根据后文"Readers kept telling me that they found value in these shorter pieces（读者不断地告诉我，他们在这些短小的文章中发现了价值）"可知，此处是指一直在兼职写一些短文，故选B项。 （14）考查动词及语境理解。A.formed形成；B.brought带来；C.caused引起；D.noticed注意到。句意：但很快，我注意到一个变化：读者不断告诉我，他们在这些较短的文章中发现了价值，事实证明，这是我最喜欢写的内容类型。根据下文"Readers kept telling me that they found value in these shorter pieces（读者不断地告诉我，他们在这些短小的文章中发现了价值）"可知，此处是指注意到一个变化，故选D项。 （15）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.insisted on坚持；B.held up阻挡；C.turned out证明是；D.believed in信任。句意：但很快，我注意到一个变化：读者不断告诉我，他们在这些较短的文章中发现了价值，事实证明，这是我最喜欢写的内容类型。根据下文"that this was the type of content I enjoyed writing most（这是我最喜欢写的内容）"可知，此处是指事实证明这是"我"最喜欢写的内容类型，故选C项。 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在改变了运动和写作习惯以后，身体和事业都有了好的转变。作者认为：如果你的习惯不能为你服务的话，即使是再好也没有用。把它们扔掉，换上新的，这会帮助你到达你想去的地方。 做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。 35. （1）考查过去分词。句意：在云南省澄江县抚仙湖北岸，坐落着一座草帽状的山，名为"帽天山"，这里占地512公顷，被国际科学界誉为"世界级的化石宝库"。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，动词call与其逻辑主语a straw-hat-shaped mountain之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。 （2）考查定语从句关系词。句意：在云南省澄江县抚仙湖北岸，坐落着一座草帽状的山，名为"帽天山"，这里占地512公顷，被国际科学界誉为"世界级的化石宝库"。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Maotian Mountain，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 （3）考查主语从句连接词。句意：我们在中国研究的只是化石的外壳。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故应用连接代词what引导，句首单词首字母应大写，故填What。 （4）考查不定冠词。句意："节肢动物是一种有腿的栩栩如生的化石，属于软体动物化石，是中国古生物学研究的一个游戏规则改变者。"古生物学家Hou Xianguang说。changer"改变者"是可数名词，结合句意可知，此处泛指"一个游戏规则改变者"，应用不定冠词，且game的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 （5）考查介词。句意：澄江动物群之所以意义重大，是因为它与动物生命之树的出现密切相关。be of great significance"意义重大"，是固定短语，相当于be very significant，故填of。 （6）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：截至目前，澄江化石遗址已记录到20余门280余种，其中80%为新种。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语species和谓语动词record之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语species表示复数意义，助动词应用have，故填have been recorded。 （7）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：2012年7月1日，澄江化石遗址被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》，成为中国首个古生物化石世界遗产。分析可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语on July 1，2012可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语the Chengjiang Fossil Site表示单数意义，be动词应用was，故填was。 （8）考查现在分词。句意：2012年7月1日，澄江化石遗址被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》，成为中国首个古生物化石世界遗产。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，become与其逻辑主语the Chengjiang Fossil Site之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填becoming。 （9）考查形容词最高级。句意：联合国教科文组织的评估称，澄江化石遗址是寒武纪早期复杂海洋生态系统的最早记录之一。结合句意及空前的定冠词the可知，此处使用了"one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"这一用法，表示"最……的……之一"，故填earliest。 （10）考查不可数名词。句意：该财产具有优良的化石保存品质。分析可知，此处应填名词preservation"保存"作介词of的宾语，preservation为抽象名词，不可数，故填preservation。 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了云南省的澄江化石遗址。 语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。 36. 高分句型一：Last but not least，keep a habit of doing sports regularly，which is of great benefit to us. 译文：最后但同样重要的是，保持定期运动的习惯，这对我们有很大的好处。 分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。 高分句型二：Only in this way can we improve our mental health. 译文：只有这样，我们才能改善我们的心理健康。 分析：这句话使用了only+介词短语置于句首，后面接部分倒装。 这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，写作时要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。 37. 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了主人公托维尔从一开始喜欢编造故事和八卦别人，到后来和善而诚实地说话的故事。 高分句型一：Understanding the consequences of his gossip，Tovel set out to do as the rabbi had instructed. 翻译：托维尔明白了他的流言蜚语的后果，于是开始按照拉比的指示行事。 分析：本句使用了现在分词短语Understanding the consequences of his gossip作状语。 高分句型二：He managed to collect most of the feathers that he had scattered in town but a few were blown too far away for him to get. 翻译：他设法收集了散落在城里的大部分羽毛，但也有一些被吹得太远了，他拿不到。 分析：本句使用了that引导的定语从句。 （1）品读原文，确定文章线索        每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。 （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求        一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。 （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路        根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。 （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句        在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。 第1页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$