衔接点17 完形填空 （初高考点差异及衔接）-2024年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）

衔接点17 完形填空 （初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 完形填空不但考查考生阅读理解的能力, 还考查考生对词汇和语法的掌握能力。 所考查文章以记叙文为主,话题贴近学生生活,涵盖了校园生活、家庭生活、人际交往、自我完善、人生态度、人物经历、励志故事和人生感悟等。 高中要求 完形填空均为15个题,文本长度为200—250词。文本类型均为“心灵鸡汤”类的记叙文。文本内容弘扬主旋律,传播正能量。文本大多包含六大要素:时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。叙述过程中作者会加入对人物语言、行为、心理的描写,也正是这方面的描写增加了学生做题的难度。整个文本包含“动作线索”和“情感线索”双线索,通过对人和事的细致描写传达出作者要表达的意思和文章的中心思想。 【初中完形填空考点聚焦】 例1、主谓一致判断法 　　在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，启动此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。例： 　　...A short time ago , a test _____ given in the United States. ...The results showed that if a person _____ a right breakfast, he or she will work better than he or she who has no breakfast ... 1.　A.is　　　 B.are　　 C.was　　　 D.were 2.　A.eat　　 B.eats　　 C.eating　　 D.ate 例2、固定句式判断法 　　固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：there be举行;not...until句型;It takes/took sb. +金钱/时间+to do sth.句型;It’s +形容词+(for sb.)to do sth,句型;too...to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。 Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel closer to someone. _____ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with... 1.A.It　　　 B.He　　　 C.There　　　 D.Someone 例3、上下文暗示法 　　上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择;但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。 　　Mark Twain, a famous American writer, was once traveling in France. He went by train to Dijon. He was very tired and wanted to _____. He asked the conductor to wake him up when the train got to Dijon. But first he said he was a heavy sleeper... 1.A.read　　 B.write　　 C.drink　　 D.sleep 例4、逻辑推理法 　　逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。 　　When you wave a friend you are using sign(手势)languages. When you smile at someone, you mean to be _____. When you put one finger in front of your _____, you mean “Be quiet.” 　　Yet, people in different countries may use different sign languages. Once an English-man was Italy. He could speak a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street, he felt _____ and went into a restaurant... 1.A.well　　 B.friendly　　 C.fine　　　 D.careful 2.A.eyes　　 B.legs　　　　 C.mouth　　 D.head 3.A.hungry　 B.tired　　　 C.cold　　　 D.ill 例5、词义辨析法 　　词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点;在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。 　　In England, people don’t like _____ very much. You can go on a bus,　_____ on a train, and people just sit looking _____ the windows. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don’t talk... 1.A.laughing　　 B.going out　　 C.talking　　 D.playing 2.A.or　　　　 B.and　　　　　 C.either　　　 D.but 3.A.from　　　 B.through　　　 C.at　　　　 D.out of 例6、固定搭配法 　　固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。 　　From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evening and weekends they are free and _____ themselves. Some watch TV or go to the movies; others take part _____ sports. This is decided by their own interests ... 1.A.love　　 B.work　　 C.enjoy　　 D.play 2.A.at　　　 B.with　　 C.on　　　 D.in 一 　　I grew up in a village. It helped me learn more labor(劳动) skills than my classmates in cities. The first 　1　 was making noodles. Since my parents often came home very late, I prepared noodles so that my family would have 　2　 sooner. I often saw my mom do it so I thought I could make noodles 　3　. But it turned out to be a mess. First I made the noodles too hard. Then I made it too 　4　. But as I kept trying, I learned the skill.   Now I cook every meal instead of 　5　 food on apps and it saves money. Besides, I learn to plant 　6　. The experience taught me things. For example, carrots and potatoes grow under the ground. It is a 　7　 that my friends from the city don't know these in their lives.   Some might say we can learn from books. But it can't 　8　 the joy of watching plants grow. It brings a new way to look at the world. You'll 　9　 everything on your plate.   This may be why I'm so 　10　 to hear that labor education will be required. Students will have a chance to learn skills like cooking and cleaning. Trust me. These useful skills will help you.  1.A.lesson B.skill C.subject D.activity 2.A.breakfast B.lunch C.dinner D.snacks 3.A.slowly B.carefully C.freely D.easily 4.A.difficult B.soft C.different D.ugly 5.A.ordering B.eating C.making D.selling 6.A.fruits B.trees C.vegetables D.flowers 7.A.pleasure B.pity C.practice D.pain 8.A.ask for B.go against C.compare to D.depend on 9.A.value B.sell C.refuse D.waste 10.A.nervous B.calm C.worried D.happy 二 　　The teacher stood before his class and was going to hand out the final exam papers. “I know how hard you have worked to 　1　 this test,” he said. “And because I know you can do it well, I am willing to offer a B to anyone who would prefer not to take the test.”  Many students jumped up to thank the teacher and left the classroom. The teacher looked at the remaining students and said, “Does anybody else want to get a B? This is your last 　2　.” Two more students decided to go.  Seven students 　3　. The teacher then handed out the papers to them. There were only three sentences typed on the paper: Congratulations! You have just been 　4　 an A in this class. Keep believing in yourself.  I 　5　 had a teacher like that but I think it is a test that any teacher could and should give. Students who do not have 　6　 in what they have learned are B students at best (充其量).  The same is true in real life. The A students are those who believe in what they are doing because they have 　7　 both successes and failures. They have learned life's lessons, either from normal education or from events in their lives, and have become 　8　 people.  We should realize that we ourselves do have some limits (限制). However, we should also know that doesn't mean we can't do anything or 　9　 to be anyone. Sir Edmund Hillary, the first person to 　10　 the summit of Mount Qomolangma said, “It's not the mountain we conquer (征服), but ourselves.”  1.A.look for B.pay for C.prepare for D.help for 2.A.chance B.trouble C.test D.change 3.A.stood B.left C.decided D.remained 4.A.given B.checked C.known D.told 5.A.sometimes B.never C.always D.seldom 6.A.confidence B.fun C.interest D.problem 7.A.heard about B.learned from C.written down D.made up 8.A.ruder B.harder C.worse D.better 9.A.mean B.show C.learn D.see 10.A.achieve B.see C.find D.reach 三 　　For me, it's the moment I know that Christmas has truly begun. After lunch, I get a glass of milk and sit down to 　1　 Christmas cards.  I love sending cards to people in my life, even though I now 　2　 see them. I enjoy pushing envelopes(信封) into the postbox and putting the cards I've 　3　 on my own table.  Though it's reported that 80% of people like a paper card better than an e-card, the number I receive is getting smaller each year. If I am 　4　, I might receive lots of group texts. Often I still send cards to such kind of people, but without 　5　 cards, I often remove them from my Christmas card list.  It's reported that we send around 100 million 　6　 paper cards every year, because of high cost and the Internet.  Sadly, while a lot of people enjoy social life, there are many, 　7　 the old people, who aren't so good at using the Internet. For them a(n) 　8　 means that they haven't been forgotten. One of my friends has just moved to a(n) 　9　 city. He knew no one there, so he put up the cards sent to the previous(之前的) owners on the wall, just to make himself feel less 　10　.  So this Christmas, let's put down our phones, take out those old address books and send cards to our family, friends and neighbors. 1.A.share B.collect C.write D.correct 2.A.really B.hardly C.usually D.finally 3.A.received B.sent C.provided D.found 4.A.shy B.busy C.lucky D.ready 5.A.giving away B.taking away C.putting back D.getting back 6.A.bigger B.fewer C.better D.cheaper 7.A.simply B.exactly C.probably D.especially 8.A.text B.email C.call D.card 9.A.beautiful B.old C.modern D.small 10.A.lonely B.friendly C.tired D.relaxed 【高中完形填空考点聚焦】 考纲解读 完形填空均为15个题,文本长度为200—250词。文本类型均为“心灵鸡汤”类的记叙文。文本内容弘扬主旋律,传播正能量。文本大多包含六大要素:时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。叙述过程中作者会加入对人物语言、行为、心理的描写,也正是这方面的描写增加了学生做题的难度。整个文本包含“动作线索”和“情感线索”双线索,通过对人和事的细致描写传达出作者要表达的意思和文章的中心思想。 2.试题考查词类完形填空考查四类实词:以动词、名词为主;形容词、副词为辅。其中形容词和副词侧重考查人物心理变化和精神状态,需要考生依据上下文和人物的动作进行推测,考生普遍反映此类试题较难。 考点清单 1.试题考查词类 完形填空考查四类实词:以动词、名词为主;形容词、副词为辅。其中形容词和副词侧重考查人物心理变化和精神状态,需要考生依据上下文和人物的动作进行推测,考生普遍反映此类试题较难。 2.试题考查形式 完形填空主要有以下五种考查方式: (1)逻辑推理:考生依据上下文,运用“移情策略”,把自己设想为2022年高考试题故事中的“环球旅行的Jessica夫妇”或“正在野营中的妈妈”,依据人物身份进行合理推断,选出符合人物心理描写的形容词和符合人物心理活动的动作。 (2)文化背景:完形填空均为中国或欧美文化生活的小故事,需要考生依据所学文化背景知识选出正确选项。 (3)词汇复现:世界上存在的语言都具有丰富性这一典型特征,作者均避免在同一篇文章中反复使用同一词汇表达同一个含义。完形填空文本虽短,但是对表达喜悦、紧张、失望等的单词、词组多使用同义词复现、近义词复现,有时也会使用原词复现或反义词复现。 (4)词义辨析:每一个题的四个选项词性相同,但词义不同。多数情况下两个选项是“positive(积极、正向)”,两个选项是“negative(消极、负面)”,有时一个选项也会是“neutral(客观、中立)”。 (5)熟词生义:所谓熟词生义就是指我们熟悉的一个单词在新的文本中用法、词性、词义不同,即不是我们所熟知的含义。例如brave,我们通常认为它是形容词,意思是“勇敢的”,但是在句子“Thousands have braved icy rain to demonstrate their support.”中的brave是动词,意思是“勇于置身 (恶劣或危险的环境)”。熟词生义也往往是考试的难点。 3.备考建议 熟记课标词汇,重视熟词生义 熟记新课标英语词汇3000词是做好完形填空的前提。考生要熟悉课标词汇的用法、掌握基本的构词知识,多积累词块和固定搭配,例如thunder rolled;make sense;break the silence等。同时,学习熟词生义,对brave、strange(多表示奇怪的,陌生的,但有时也表示“感觉不舒服的”)等熟悉的词汇,继续研究其第3、4……种用法,并进行针对性的词汇过关训练,提升自己在具体句子中理解和使用词汇的能力。 依据文本大意,宏观推断答案 完形填空试题着重考查考生在一篇文本中对词汇、语篇和文化知识的理解。考生应快速通读全文,根据首句提示,借助文中的关键词,全面理解文章大意,理清脉络,抓住主线,依据人物特点,前后联系,作出正确决断。 分析上下文逻辑,锁定合理答案 完形填空中有的题目设置是为了考查考生对人物感情的逻辑性的精准判断;考查对特殊语境下人物的情绪演变、行为态度、语言褒贬和方式转变的理解判断。这也是对考生思维品质的一种考查。做此类题时,考生一定要理清上下文之间的逻辑关系:是转折关系还是因果关系?是递进关系还是让步关系?从而选出符合上下文逻辑的正确答案。 基于中西文化,合理确定答案 完形填空中有些题目考查考生的文化意识,需要考生依靠生活常识以及中西方国家的历史地理、风俗民情等文化背景知识来选出正确答案。在备考时需要考生理解特定生活环境下的人物动作、情感态度,再根据文本主题确定答案。 运用词汇复现原则,快速找出答案 完形填空的选项设置会通过原词、近义词、同义词、词性变化等方式重现已经出现过的词汇,或者创设一种必须使用特定词汇的语境来考查考生在具体语境中使用词汇的能力。因此做此类题时,在把握语篇、依托语境的基础上,应注意关注上下文是否有相照应的词汇,运用词汇复现技巧快速找出答案。 一 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Mary has been living alone since her husband passed away 37 years ago. In May 2021, the lockdown was particularly ____1____ for her. The 99-year-old spent her days watching television game shows. Also ____2____ at home, Benjamin, a then two-year-old who lived next door was unable to ____3____ with kids of his age. The ____4____ friendship developed gradually. At first, Mary would ____5____ at Benjamin from her window whenever she saw the young boy in the yard. Then, she risked going outside to ____6____ him in person. The routine (惯例) eventually expanded to daily ____7____ by the fence that separated the two homes. The unlikely pair even ____8____ a socially distanced game that Mary calls “cane ball”. “I came out of the house one morning, and he threw his ball toward the ____9____,” she said. “I got my cane (手杖), and I _____10_____ over the fence and hit the ball toward him, and he’d throw it back. That’s how it started.” This spring, Mary _____11_____ Benjamin with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her son. The young boy returned the _____12_____ with a gift of his own—a pile of dirt that he _____13_____ carried in his small hand and dropped at her door. “Friendship really knows no _____14_____,” Benjamin’s mother said. “Certainly, you wouldn’t guess that a 99-year-old and a 2-year-old would be _____15_____, but they could be. And they both got a lot out of it.” 1. A. natural B. simple C. hard D. important 2. A. left B. relaxed C. amazed D. stuck 3. A. compete B. fight C. argue D. play 4. A. unusual B. untrue C. unknown D. unequal 5. A. stare B. wave C. point D. laugh 6. A. greet B. help C. call D. ask 7. A. discussions B. challenges C. gatherings D. shows 8. A. recorded B. watched C. improved D. invented 9. A. wall B. fence C. tree D. house 10. A. reached B. climbed C. jumped D. got 11. A. equipped B. rewarded C. presented D. helped 12 A. emotion B. praise C. favor D. pleasure 13. A. bravely B. carefully C. secretly D. nervously 14. A. limits B. results C. awards D. grades 15. A. neighbors B. competitors C. gamers D. friends 二 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cool spring day and I was walking through the forest. When I left home my mother told me the forest was dangerous and ___1___ me against going too far, but the interesting things were always ___2___ in the forest. The shadows made me feel like they were going to hug me. I ___3___ my new book Different Kinds of Birds from my bag. Mindlessly, I opened it and read about various kinds of birds. ___4___, I ran into an old tree. When I lifted my head and looked at the entire forest, I found tall trees were here and there, with light glancing off their leaves. I ___5___ an apple from a huge apple tree. It was so juicy and sweet. I finished my apple and was just about to grab another one when I ___6___ a beautiful hummingbird(蜂鸟). It was flying near a flower. I looked for its wings. They were beating at such a ___7___ speed that I could barely see them. I looked at my book and ___8___ for “hummingbird” in it. Later, I found another hummingbird in a ___9___ with two baby hummingbirds inside. I quickly took out my brand-new ___10___. I had already taken many breathtaking photos, but this would be my best so far. When I looked at the baby hummingbirds ___11___, I was surprised! Unlike their parents, they were so ___12___ and were nearly naked and blind! I was very interested in them, so I said to myself, “Maybe I will stay here a bit longer.” When I ___13___ that the shadows were growing longer and that the sun was setting, I began to walk back to my ___14___ slowly, careful enough not to disturb the birds. I said to myself, “I have to come back tomorrow, and ___15___ lots of food to feed them.” 1. A. protected B. warned C. supported D. followed 2. A. deeper B. higher C. heavier D. fewer 3. A. gave away B. sent off C. added up D. pulled out 4. A. Suddenly B. Possibly C. Gradually D. Luckily 5. A. observed B. hung C. picked D. shared 6. A. touched B. hurt C. saw D. fed 7. A. clear B. high C. slow D. familiar 8. A. asked B. thought C. headed D. searched 9. A. bottle B. nest C. hill D. book 10. A. watch B. hat C. camera D. box 11. A. simply B. seriously C. closely D. correctly 12. A. dirty B. healthy C. big D. ugly 13. A. noticed B. suggested C. allowed D. insisted 14. A. school B. office C. house D. factory 15. A. clean B. eat C. waste D. bring 三 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The computer plays an important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great ____1____ in the world in the ____2____ century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, ____3____ at schools. Today it is used ____4____ many ways. It really ____5____ the world large wealth (财富) and happiness. The first computer in the world was ____6____ Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was ____7____ and heavy. ____8____ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone ____9____ four periods (时期，阶段)and changed a lot. There’re many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more _____10_____. The computer can do most of the things _____11_____ the people. It can help us to _____12_____ about the real world more quickly, to learn _____13_____ we want to learn and to think _____14_____ ourselves. _____15_____ a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it. 1. A. inventions B. discoveries C. toys D. inventors 2. A. twenty-first B. twenties C. twelfth D. twentieth 3. A. also B. but also C. too D. either 4. A. in B. to C. by D. over 5. A. takes B. helps C. gets D. brings 6. A. found B. invented C. called D. bought 7. A. easy B. small C. large D. light 8. A. For B. Until C. When D. Since 9. A. back B. across C. through D. against 10. A. serious B. harmful C. dangerous D. helpful 11. A. for B. to C. at D. with 12. A. set B. tell C. know D. talk 13. A. what B. that C. which D. who 14. A. of B. about C. out D. for 15. A. For B. Be C. As D. To 四 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Two years ago, Nikki Tysoe ___1___ got on a bike. Today, though, she’s become so ___2___ to the cycling world that she’s even helping to bring pedal power to mental-health nurses at the hospital where she ___3___ . In April, the National Lottery-funded charity Access Sport introduced a program that provides bikes to Tower Hamlets’ Royal London Hospital. Nikki ___4___ herself to pushing for this to be extended to Goodmayes Hospital, a mental-health facility in northeast London ___5___ she’s a project manager. She says having the bikes not only enables nursing staff to travel safely to and ___6___ work during the coronavirus crisis, but also allows them to ___7___ steam during their breaks. Nikki wanted to do something to make life a bit better for the ___8___ in the hospital. There’s a lot of focus on the hospitals at the moment which are having an awful time and this is also a ___9___ time for mental-health staff. The bikes provide a complement（补充） to a “wobble room”，spaces designed for nurses and other staff if they are feeling pressured and need some ___10___ and relief during the pandemic within the hospital. The bikes are surely an extension of that. Junior doctor Aiman is very ___11___ for that program. “Using the bike means I can get to work safely” she says. “This has taken out a lot of ___12___ from my daily life and allows me to focus on my patients. It’s definitely improved my mental well-being. ” Stress levels are generally high in nursing and having bikes would make a ___13___ . ___14___ Access Sport has provided Nikki with bikes, her dream is to have three or four bicycles permanently on site. Following the success of the bike loans, Nikki is working to extend the project ___15___ lockdown. 1. A. previously B. rarely C. originally D. temporary 2. A. addicted B. concerned C. absorbed D. focused 3. A. visits B. works C. assists D. interviews 4. A. equipped B. adopted C. devoted D. adjusted 5. A. when B. which C. as D. where 6. A. from B. through C. during D. for 7. A. put off B. take off C. cut off D. let off 8. A. staff B. stuff C. mass D. majority 9. A. passive B. stressful C. dramatic D. pleasant 10. A. permission B. preference C. profession D. peace 11. A. guilty B. annoyed C. grateful D. respectful 12. A. concerns B. accidents C. reliefs D. missions 13. A. mess B. difference C. determination D. living 14. A. If B. Once C. While D. With 15. A. beyond B. throughout C. within D. to 五 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were ___1___, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to ___2___others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long ___3___ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ___4___, they would grow, raise or catch everything. Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease ___5___, it gave us that extra ___6___. At that time we were both ___7___, which gave us even more motivation to see if we could ____8____ ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and ___9___ salt from the ocean.” Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel _____10_____ the first few weeks were difficult as their bodies adjusted to _____11_____ coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day, he says, “After three weeks our energy levels balanced out and our wishes ______12______and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) _____13_____. As they survive winter, they feel _____14_____ about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge ______15______ending in August. 1. A. dirty B. empty C. broken D. full 2. A. carry on B. take on C. concentrate on D. rely on 3. A. charity B. challenge C. construction D. research 4. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Besides 5. A. hit B. dropped C. failed D. went 6. A. burden B. account C. push D. pull 7. A. generous B. concerned C. occupied D. unemployed 8. A. teach B. protect C. feed D. control 9. A. supply B. harvest C. invent D. rescue 10. A. admits B. argues C. hesitates D. denies 11. A. demanding B. quitting C. changing D. consuming 12. A. reduced B. returned C. existed D. doubled 13. A. head B. life C. end D. point 14. A. positive B. annoyed C. regretful D. bored 15. A. frequently B. unluckily C. merely D. officially 六 完形填空 I am writing this story to express the important value of sportsmanship(体育精神)．Some years ago，my traveling___1___team took part in a nationwide competition.This competition is very___2___ and the atmosphere is far from___3___．After we completed our performance，the next competing team laughed at us and gave us a dirty___4___as we passed them.They looked___5___at us and made fun of our costumes and our performance.My team and I were all very___6___，even to the point of tears. One of my team members___7___that we should boo(发嘘声) them as they performed.Finally I said，“Let's teach them a lesson.” I was the oldest member of the team and their role model.What I said next totally___8___them.I said，“They are on stage right now.Let's go and___9___them.”I then looked up at the stage and started to scream，“Come on！”My teammates all started to shout loudly with me to show support for the team.At first they were____10____．Then I noticed that they were having____11____screaming for the team that a couple of minutes ago they hated. When the team finished dancing and walked off stage，my teammates and I all started to____12____them.Most members of the opposite team____13____and said “thank you”，and they were a little embarrassed.My team and I felt a lot better about the____14____．After that，my teammates understood what a great____15____it was and they were glad that they had shown good sportsmanship. 1. A. design B. football C. dance D. drama 2. A. fierce B. reasonable C. common D. serious 3. A. practical B. heavy C. tense D. friendly 4. A. hand B. look C. job D. paper 5. A. politely B. happily C. straight D. funnily 6. A. upset B. surprised C. excited D. disappointed 7. A. decided B. learned C. thought D. suggested 8. A. shocked B. delighted C. annoyed D. puzzled 9. A. praise B. comfort C. cheer D. thank 10. A. surprised B. embarrassed C. reluctant D. disagreed 11. A. anger B. wish C. sadness D. fun 12. A. welcome B. congratulate C. receive D. scold 13. A. smiled B. fainted C. cried D. left 14. A. position B. future C. place D. situation 15. A. team B. age C. idea D. help 一 　　Last Sunday, waitress King was on her routine work. She took the order of an elderly lady who was sitting　1　.  “It was on Sunday, which is always pretty 　2　,” King told Newsweek. “About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes. Just small　3　, nothing too deep. She told me she was almost 70 and just wanted to stop by an old 　4　 restaurant for a bite.”  As the lady had　5　eating her meal King noticed that she seemed quiet and in deep 　6　. The waitress's first idea was that there might have been something wrong with the 　7　. King went over to check with the lady. But the lady said, 　8　, “The food is good. 　9　 is wrong. Thanks for your kindness.” A few minutes later,the lady 　10　.  But the 　11　 which the lady left behind with the $3 tip on her $10 check brought King to tears.  “Thank you very much for your kind 　12　,” it read. “This is the 　13　 time I've eaten out alone since my husband passed away. I was hoping I could 　14　 it.”  King 　15　 a picture of the note on Twitter, which received a ton of feedback, including “I want to give whoever wrote this note a hug.”  1.A.casually　　 B.happily　　 C.around　　 D.alone 2.A.quiet　　 B.busy　　 C.sunny　　 D.hard 3.A.rest　　 B.table　　 C.talk　　 D.dish 4.A.favorite　　 B.expensive　　 C.strange　　 D.normal 5.A.finished　　 B.started　　 C.considered D.appreciated 6.A.trouble　　 B.thought　　 C.sleep　　 D.shock 7.A.bill　　 B.cook　　 C.food　　 D.air 8.A.trembling　　 B.sighing　　 C.nodding　　 D.smiling 9.A.Nothing　　 B.Everything　　 C.Something　 D.Anything 10.A.bargained　 B.continued　　 C.left　　 D.remained 11.A.note　　 B.gift　　 C.phone　　 D.message 12.A.donation　　 B.service　　 C.reminder　　 D.comfort 13.A.real　　 B.last　　 C.other　　 D.first 14.A.jump at　　 B.get through　　 C.turn down　　 D.put off 15.A.switched　　 B.took　　 C.posted　　 D.delivered 二 　　I've been told I was born middle⁃aged. I took on a lot of family　1　 at an early age, which meant putting away childish things long before childhood was over. When you have sensible adult 　2　 on your mind, it's 　3　 to find time to play. A few months ago, I was listening to a sensible adult podcast (播客) about publishing. During the course of the 　4　, the host said to his guest, “Ever since I read your latest book, I've found myself looking for opportunities to play.” When I heard a sensible adult podcaster talk about taking time to play, I thought, “Well, that's just silly.” The idea of playing as an adult seemed 　5　 in a way I couldn't express clearly. However, I didn't know why the desire to play still　6　 my mind a few days later.  One night, I was cutting across the local park, which would have been bustling (熙熙攘攘的) with 　7　 if I'd been there during the day. Now they were home in bed with their parents, and it was just me in this well⁃loved playground.  It was the swing set that really　8　 my attention. When I saw it, I suddenly remembered playing on the swings with my cousin. I recalled the 　9　of that childhood experience. During the day you'd probably be　10　 by other sensible adults if you were waiting in line with their children. But at night, with no one else around?  I　11　 a bit, but nobody would ever know. So I got on the swing. I pumped (上下快速运动) my 　12　 to go higher, higher.  It was fun,　13　 and simple. Eventually, I came down from the swing, but I didn't resist smiling. I couldn't. That smile 　14　 itself on my face, and it wouldn't go away.   My childhood may be over, but that doesn't mean　15　 is.  1.A.relationships　　 B.responsibilities　　 C.stories　　 D.debts 2.A.matters　　 B.doubts　　 C.efforts　　 D.skills 3.A.strange　　 B.unusual　　 C.unnecessary　　 D.difficult 4.A.interview　　 B.recovery　　 C.change　　 D.negotiation 5.A.frightening　　 B.unappealing　　 C.similar　　 D.normal 6.A.connected with　　 B.met with　　 C.took up　　 D.brushed aside 7.A.adults　　 B.children　　 C.coaches　　 D.parents 8.A.held　　 B.required　　 C.discovered　　 D.escaped 9.A.power　　 B.curiosity　　 C.delight　　 D.disappointment 10.A.looked into　　 B.looked after　　 C.looked at　　 D.looked down on 11.A.hesitated　　 B.studied　　 C.stepped　　 D.rested 12.A.head　　 B.hands　　 C.shoulders　　 D.legs 13.A.shocking　　 B.awkward　　 C.remote　　 D.pure 14.A.pleased　　 B.planted　　 C.challenged　　 D.proved 15.A.reunion　　 B.homework　　 C.playtime　　 D.breakthrough 三 　　I love and enjoy playing the piano. So when the recital (音乐演奏会) was 　1　, I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already　2　 my best music.  However, Mom turned this 　3　 into something worthwhile. “You should 　4　 at Carriage House Manor. I'm sure the 　5　 there would really appreciate the music.” To me, this was a win⁃win situation because not only would I play more music, but I had the chance to 　6　 the residents, some of whom tragically didn't have families.  The much⁃anticipated day 　7　 arrived. Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray⁃haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the 　8　. Despite ongoing conversations at tables, 　9　 still hung like a dark cloud in the room. After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach. But my 　10　 melted away as I played on.  The dinner hour flew by. One woman got up and began to cheerfully 　11　 about the room to the beat of the 　12　 while others snapped their fingers (打响指). I was 　13　 to see how music brought big smiles to their faces.  Calling off the recital was a blessing because it led to us 　14　 the gift of music with those who needed it most. Go spread 　15　 whenever possible.  1.A.cancelled　　 B.sponsored　　 C.organized　　 D.postponed 2.A.recorded　　 B.prepared　　 C.composed　　 D.sung 3.A.burnout　 　 B.letdown　　 C.getaway　　 D.turnaround 4.A.relax　　 B.investigate　　 C.perform　　 D.wait 5.A.seniors　　 B.nurses　　 C.guards　　 D.musicians 6.A.cheer up　　 B.settle down　　 C.comment on　　 D.hunt for 7.A.simply　　 B.accidentally　　 C.finally　　 D.nearly 8.A.freedom　　 B.vacation　　 C.company　　 D.privilege 9.A.silence　　 B.horror　　 C.confusion　　 D.loneliness 10.A.desperation　　 B.nervousness　　 C.frustration　　 D.embarrassment 11.A.spin　　 B.wander　　 C.dance　　 D.glance 12.A.drums　　 B.heart　　 C.words　　 D.music 13.A.determined　　 B.upset　　 C.curious　　 D.amazed 14.A.carrying　　 B.exchanging　　 C.discussing　　 D.sharing 15.A.faith　　 B.kindness　　 C.messages　　 D.awareness 四 　　Last week, Tom and his mom went to a restaurant to celebrate his fifth birthday. When he and his mom were talking there, a waitress　1　 curiously from a distance. Eventually, the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her little boy who also had 　2　 aids in his ears.   When the waitress　3　 that it was Tom's birthday, she decided to give the boy a special gift.  She went to the Internet and　4　 how to say “happy birthday” in sign language. She quickly got all the rules down. Then, she went up to Tom's table and　5　 to him, “Happy birthday to you!” Tom and his mom were really 　6　.   Later, Tom's mom said this was the first time he had　7　 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher. It was a simple phrase 　8　 it was an important gift for Tom.  She added that the 　9　 from the waitress made her very moved. “Thanks to the 　10　 waitress, his fifth birthday is one that we will 　11　 for a lifetime,” the mom said. “My boy was always worried that he would appear very 　12　 when he was talking in sign language. Today, he saw that someone 　13　 tried to talk to him in his 　14　language. It's very 　15　 for him.”  1.A.commented　　 B.sang　　 C.concluded　　 D.watched 2.A.walking　　 B.reading　　 C.hearing　　 D.speaking 3.A.admitted　　 B.learned　　 C.expected　　 D.imagined 4.A.adjusted to　　 B.looked up　　 C.reflected on　　 D.went with 5.A.signed　　 B.pretended　　 C.shouted　　 D.whispered 6.A.frightened　　 B.hurt　　 C.confused　　 D.impressed 7.A.studied　　 B.taught　　 C.talked　　 D.settled 8.A.and　　 B.so　　 C.or　　 D.but 9.A.gift　　 B.apology　　 C.benefit　　 D.explanation 10.A.silly　　 B.impatient　　 C.kind　　 D.clever 11.A.work　　 B.celebrate　　 C.enjoy　 D.remember 12.A.noisy　　 B.funny　　 C.cool　　 D.excited 13.A.angrily　　 B.actually　　 C.shyly　　 D.casually 14.A.special　　 B.formal　　 C.secret　　 D.official 15.A.difficult　　 B.free　　 C.important　　 D.useless 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衔接点17 完形填空 （初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 完形填空不但考查考生阅读理解的能力, 还考查考生对词汇和语法的掌握能力。 所考查文章以记叙文为主,话题贴近学生生活,涵盖了校园生活、家庭生活、人际交往、自我完善、人生态度、人物经历、励志故事和人生感悟等。 高中要求 完形填空均为15个题,文本长度为200—250词。文本类型均为“心灵鸡汤”类的记叙文。文本内容弘扬主旋律,传播正能量。文本大多包含六大要素:时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。叙述过程中作者会加入对人物语言、行为、心理的描写,也正是这方面的描写增加了学生做题的难度。整个文本包含“动作线索”和“情感线索”双线索,通过对人和事的细致描写传达出作者要表达的意思和文章的中心思想。 【初中完形填空考点聚焦】 例1、主谓一致判断法 　　在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，启动此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。例： 　　...A short time ago , a test _____ given in the United States. ...The results showed that if a person _____ a right breakfast, he or she will work better than he or she who has no breakfast ... 1.　A.is　　　 B.are　　 C.was　　　 D.were 2.　A.eat　　 B.eats　　 C.eating　　 D.ate 例2、固定句式判断法 　　固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：there be举行;not...until句型;It takes/took sb. +金钱/时间+to do sth.句型;It’s +形容词+(for sb.)to do sth,句型;too...to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。 Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel closer to someone. _____ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with... 1.A.It　　　 B.He　　　 C.There　　　 D.Someone 例3、上下文暗示法 　　上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择;但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。 　　Mark Twain, a famous American writer, was once traveling in France. He went by train to Dijon. He was very tired and wanted to _____. He asked the conductor to wake him up when the train got to Dijon. But first he said he was a heavy sleeper... 1.A.read　　 B.write　　 C.drink　　 D.sleep 例4、逻辑推理法 　　逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。 　　When you wave a friend you are using sign(手势)languages. When you smile at someone, you mean to be _____. When you put one finger in front of your _____, you mean “Be quiet.” 　　Yet, people in different countries may use different sign languages. Once an English-man was Italy. He could speak a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street, he felt _____ and went into a restaurant... 1.A.well　　 B.friendly　　 C.fine　　　 D.careful 2.A.eyes　　 B.legs　　　　 C.mouth　　 D.head 3.A.hungry　 B.tired　　　 C.cold　　　 D.ill 例5、词义辨析法 　　词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点;在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。 　　In England, people don’t like _____ very much. You can go on a bus,　_____ on a train, and people just sit looking _____ the windows. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don’t talk... 1.A.laughing　　 B.going out　　 C.talking　　 D.playing 2.A.or　　　　 B.and　　　　　 C.either　　　 D.but 3.A.from　　　 B.through　　　 C.at　　　　 D.out of 例6、固定搭配法 　　固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。 　　From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evening and weekends they are free and _____ themselves. Some watch TV or go to the movies; others take part _____ sports. This is decided by their own interests ... 1.A.love　　 B.work　　 C.enjoy　　 D.play 2.A.at　　　 B.with　　 C.on　　　 D.in 一 　　I grew up in a village. It helped me learn more labor(劳动) skills than my classmates in cities. The first 　1　 was making noodles. Since my parents often came home very late, I prepared noodles so that my family would have 　2　 sooner. I often saw my mom do it so I thought I could make noodles 　3　. But it turned out to be a mess. First I made the noodles too hard. Then I made it too 　4　. But as I kept trying, I learned the skill.   Now I cook every meal instead of 　5　 food on apps and it saves money. Besides, I learn to plant 　6　. The experience taught me things. For example, carrots and potatoes grow under the ground. It is a 　7　 that my friends from the city don't know these in their lives.   Some might say we can learn from books. But it can't 　8　 the joy of watching plants grow. It brings a new way to look at the world. You'll 　9　 everything on your plate.   This may be why I'm so 　10　 to hear that labor education will be required. Students will have a chance to learn skills like cooking and cleaning. Trust me. These useful skills will help you.  1.A.lesson B.skill C.subject D.activity 2.A.breakfast B.lunch C.dinner D.snacks 3.A.slowly B.carefully C.freely D.easily 4.A.difficult B.soft C.different D.ugly 5.A.ordering B.eating C.making D.selling 6.A.fruits B.trees C.vegetables D.flowers 7.A.pleasure B.pity C.practice D.pain 8.A.ask for B.go against C.compare to D.depend on 9.A.value B.sell C.refuse D.waste 10.A.nervous B.calm C.worried D.happy 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者学习劳动技能的经历,以及对学生学习劳动技能的一些认识和看法。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“劳动习惯与技能,热爱劳动。” 1.B　lesson课程;skill技能;subject学科;activity活动。根据上文“It helped me learn more labor skills than my classmates in cities.”可知,此处指第一项技能,故选B。 2.C　breakfast早餐;lunch午餐;dinner晚餐;snack小吃。根据“Since my parents often came home very late”可知这里说的是晚餐,故选C。 3.D　slowly慢慢地;carefully仔细地;freely自由地;easily容易地。根据“I often saw my mom do it”可知,因为作者经常看妈妈做面条,所以认为很容易做,故选D。 4.B　difficult困难的;soft柔软的;different不同的;ugly丑陋的。根据前一句“First I made the noodles too hard.”可知,作者先是把面条做得太硬,然后又做得太软,这里的soft和前一句中的hard相对应,故选B。 5.A　根据“food on apps”可知,这里指在应用程序上点餐(order food),故选A。 6.C　根据下文“For example, carrots and potatoes grow under the ground.”可知,这里说的是种植蔬菜,故选C。 7.B　pleasure愉快;pity遗憾;practice练习;pain疼痛。根据上文中的“The experience taught me things.”可知,劳动的经历教会作者很多东西,但城市里的朋友们不知道这些,所以作者认为有点遗憾,故选B。 8.C　ask for要求;go against违背;compare to...与……相比;depend on依靠。根据前一句“Some might say we can learn from books.”可知,这里是将从书中学习知识这件事和看着植物生长的乐趣进行对比,故选C。 9.A　value珍视;sell出售;refuse拒绝;waste浪费。空后的“everything on your plate”指食物,结合上文可知,此处指你会珍惜粮食,故选A。 10.D　nervous紧张的;calm平静的;worried担心的;happy开心的。根据下文“Students will have a chance to learn skills like cooking and cleaning.”可知,作者很赞成学生学习一些劳动技能,所以听到要求学生接受劳动教育这件事就很开心,故选D。 二 　　The teacher stood before his class and was going to hand out the final exam papers. “I know how hard you have worked to 　1　 this test,” he said. “And because I know you can do it well, I am willing to offer a B to anyone who would prefer not to take the test.”  Many students jumped up to thank the teacher and left the classroom. The teacher looked at the remaining students and said, “Does anybody else want to get a B? This is your last 　2　.” Two more students decided to go.  Seven students 　3　. The teacher then handed out the papers to them. There were only three sentences typed on the paper: Congratulations! You have just been 　4　 an A in this class. Keep believing in yourself.  I 　5　 had a teacher like that but I think it is a test that any teacher could and should give. Students who do not have 　6　 in what they have learned are B students at best (充其量).  The same is true in real life. The A students are those who believe in what they are doing because they have 　7　 both successes and failures. They have learned life's lessons, either from normal education or from events in their lives, and have become 　8　 people.  We should realize that we ourselves do have some limits (限制). However, we should also know that doesn't mean we can't do anything or 　9　 to be anyone. Sir Edmund Hillary, the first person to 　10　 the summit of Mount Qomolangma said, “It's not the mountain we conquer (征服), but ourselves.”  1.A.look for B.pay for C.prepare for D.help for 2.A.chance B.trouble C.test D.change 3.A.stood B.left C.decided D.remained 4.A.given B.checked C.known D.told 5.A.sometimes B.never C.always D.seldom 6.A.confidence B.fun C.interest D.problem 7.A.heard about B.learned from C.written down D.made up 8.A.ruder B.harder C.worse D.better 9.A.mean B.show C.learn D.see 10.A.achieve B.see C.find D.reach 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。一名老师以特别的方式进行了一次考试,告诉我们要相信自己,不断挑战自我,也要在生活中学习,从成功和失败中学习,不断吸取人生教训,成为更好的人。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“乐学善思,勤于反思,学会学习”。 1.C　look for寻找;pay for支付;prepare for为……做准备。此处指“我知道你们是多么努力地为这次考试做准备”,故选C。 2.A　chance机会;trouble麻烦;test考试;change改变。根据前一句“Does anybody else want to get a B?”可知,此处表示这是最后一次获得B的机会,故选A。 3.D　stand站立;leave离开;decide决定;remain逗留,不离去。根据上段内容可知,很多学生离开了教室,结合下文“The teacher then handed out the papers to them.”可知,此处表示还剩七个学生没有离开,故选D。 4.A　根据语境可知,此处应表示在这门课上获得了A的成绩,即由老师给出了A的成绩,空处应是given,故选A。 5.B　sometimes有时;never从未;always总是;seldom很少。根据本句话中的连词but可知,前后两个分句为转折关系,后面一个分句说“但我认为这是任何一位教师都可以也都应该(给学生)做的测试”,说明作者从未有过上文那样的老师,故选B。 6.A　confidence自信;fun乐趣;interest兴趣;problem问题。根据上文可知,老师进行的是一次有关自信心的测试,结合老师在试卷上所写的“Keep believing in yourself.(坚持相信自己)”可知,此处表示对自己所学到的知识没有信心的学生的成绩充其量只能是B,故选A。 7.B　hear about听说;learn from从……中学习;write down写下;make up编造。根据后一句中的“They have learned life's lessons, either from normal education or from events in their lives”可知,此处表示从成功和失败中学到东西,故选B。 8.D　本句中的They指的是上句提到的成绩为A的学生,他们吸取了人生的教训后,成了更好的人,故选D。 9.C　mean意思是;show展示;learn学习;see看到。learn to do sth.“学习做某事”,此处的意思是尽管我们有局限,但并不意味着我们做不成任何事,也不意味着我们不能学着成为任何人,故选C。 10.D　achieve实现; see看到;find发现;reach到达。根据语境并结合下文他所说的话可知,他是第一个到达珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的人,故选D。 三 　　For me, it's the moment I know that Christmas has truly begun. After lunch, I get a glass of milk and sit down to 　1　 Christmas cards.  I love sending cards to people in my life, even though I now 　2　 see them. I enjoy pushing envelopes(信封) into the postbox and putting the cards I've 　3　 on my own table.  Though it's reported that 80% of people like a paper card better than an e-card, the number I receive is getting smaller each year. If I am 　4　, I might receive lots of group texts. Often I still send cards to such kind of people, but without 　5　 cards, I often remove them from my Christmas card list.  It's reported that we send around 100 million 　6　 paper cards every year, because of high cost and the Internet.  Sadly, while a lot of people enjoy social life, there are many, 　7　 the old people, who aren't so good at using the Internet. For them a(n) 　8　 means that they haven't been forgotten. One of my friends has just moved to a(n) 　9　 city. He knew no one there, so he put up the cards sent to the previous(之前的) owners on the wall, just to make himself feel less 　10　.  So this Christmas, let's put down our phones, take out those old address books and send cards to our family, friends and neighbors. 1.A.share B.collect C.write D.correct 2.A.really B.hardly C.usually D.finally 3.A.received B.sent C.provided D.found 4.A.shy B.busy C.lucky D.ready 5.A.giving away B.taking away C.putting back D.getting back 6.A.bigger B.fewer C.better D.cheaper 7.A.simply B.exactly C.probably D.especially 8.A.text B.email C.call D.card 9.A.beautiful B.old C.modern D.small 10.A.lonely B.friendly C.tired D.relaxed 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在圣诞节仍然采用手写圣诞卡片并把它们寄出的方式表达祝愿。作者呼吁人们放下手机,给自己的亲朋好友以及邻居寄出圣诞卡片。 1.C　share分享;collect收集;write写;correct改正。根据下文可知,作者坐下来是为了写圣诞卡片,故选C。 2.B　really真正地;hardly几乎不;usually通常;finally最后。even though尽管。此处表示尽管现在作者几乎看不到他们,但还是爱寄卡片给他们,故选B。 3.A　receive 收到;send邮寄;provide提供;find找到。根据上下文可知,作者享受的是寄卡片和收卡片,故选A。 4.C　shy害羞的;busy忙碌的;lucky幸运的;ready准备好的。可能收到很多的群发短信,应该是幸运的,故选C。 5.D　give away赠送;take away拿走;put back放回;get back收回。根据“I often remove them from my Christmas card list”可知,此处应是如果没有收到回赠贺卡,作者就会把这些人从圣诞贺卡名单中删除,故选D。 6.B　根据because of high cost and the Internet可知,由于高成本和互联网,每年少发大约一亿张纸质卡片,故选B。 7.D　simply简单地;exactly准确地;probably可能地;especially尤其,特别。此处指有许多不擅长使用互联网的人,尤其是老年人,故选D。 8.D　text文本;email电子邮件;call电话;card卡片。前文提到老人不擅长使用互联网,所以纸质贺卡能让他们知道自己没有被忘记,故选D。 9.C　beautiful美丽的;old老的;modern现代的;small 小的。由下一句中“he put up the cards sent to the previous owners on the wall”可推知,他搬去的是一个现代化的城市,故选C。 10.A　lonely孤独的;friendly友好的;tired累的;relaxed放松的。根据前文“He knew no one there”可知,他把寄给以前的房主的卡片贴在墙上,只是为了让自己感觉不那么孤独,故选A。 【高中完形填空考点聚焦】 考纲解读 完形填空均为15个题,文本长度为200—250词。文本类型均为“心灵鸡汤”类的记叙文。文本内容弘扬主旋律,传播正能量。文本大多包含六大要素:时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。叙述过程中作者会加入对人物语言、行为、心理的描写,也正是这方面的描写增加了学生做题的难度。整个文本包含“动作线索”和“情感线索”双线索,通过对人和事的细致描写传达出作者要表达的意思和文章的中心思想。 2.试题考查词类完形填空考查四类实词:以动词、名词为主;形容词、副词为辅。其中形容词和副词侧重考查人物心理变化和精神状态,需要考生依据上下文和人物的动作进行推测,考生普遍反映此类试题较难。 考点清单 1.试题考查词类 完形填空考查四类实词:以动词、名词为主;形容词、副词为辅。其中形容词和副词侧重考查人物心理变化和精神状态,需要考生依据上下文和人物的动作进行推测,考生普遍反映此类试题较难。 2.试题考查形式 完形填空主要有以下五种考查方式: (1)逻辑推理:考生依据上下文,运用“移情策略”,把自己设想为2022年高考试题故事中的“环球旅行的Jessica夫妇”或“正在野营中的妈妈”,依据人物身份进行合理推断,选出符合人物心理描写的形容词和符合人物心理活动的动作。 (2)文化背景:完形填空均为中国或欧美文化生活的小故事,需要考生依据所学文化背景知识选出正确选项。 (3)词汇复现:世界上存在的语言都具有丰富性这一典型特征,作者均避免在同一篇文章中反复使用同一词汇表达同一个含义。完形填空文本虽短,但是对表达喜悦、紧张、失望等的单词、词组多使用同义词复现、近义词复现,有时也会使用原词复现或反义词复现。 (4)词义辨析:每一个题的四个选项词性相同,但词义不同。多数情况下两个选项是“positive(积极、正向)”,两个选项是“negative(消极、负面)”,有时一个选项也会是“neutral(客观、中立)”。 (5)熟词生义:所谓熟词生义就是指我们熟悉的一个单词在新的文本中用法、词性、词义不同,即不是我们所熟知的含义。例如brave,我们通常认为它是形容词,意思是“勇敢的”,但是在句子“Thousands have braved icy rain to demonstrate their support.”中的brave是动词,意思是“勇于置身 (恶劣或危险的环境)”。熟词生义也往往是考试的难点。 3.备考建议 熟记课标词汇,重视熟词生义 熟记新课标英语词汇3000词是做好完形填空的前提。考生要熟悉课标词汇的用法、掌握基本的构词知识,多积累词块和固定搭配,例如thunder rolled;make sense;break the silence等。同时,学习熟词生义,对brave、strange(多表示奇怪的,陌生的,但有时也表示“感觉不舒服的”)等熟悉的词汇,继续研究其第3、4……种用法,并进行针对性的词汇过关训练,提升自己在具体句子中理解和使用词汇的能力。 依据文本大意,宏观推断答案 完形填空试题着重考查考生在一篇文本中对词汇、语篇和文化知识的理解。考生应快速通读全文,根据首句提示,借助文中的关键词,全面理解文章大意,理清脉络,抓住主线,依据人物特点,前后联系,作出正确决断。 分析上下文逻辑,锁定合理答案 完形填空中有的题目设置是为了考查考生对人物感情的逻辑性的精准判断;考查对特殊语境下人物的情绪演变、行为态度、语言褒贬和方式转变的理解判断。这也是对考生思维品质的一种考查。做此类题时,考生一定要理清上下文之间的逻辑关系:是转折关系还是因果关系?是递进关系还是让步关系?从而选出符合上下文逻辑的正确答案。 基于中西文化,合理确定答案 完形填空中有些题目考查考生的文化意识,需要考生依靠生活常识以及中西方国家的历史地理、风俗民情等文化背景知识来选出正确答案。在备考时需要考生理解特定生活环境下的人物动作、情感态度,再根据文本主题确定答案。 运用词汇复现原则,快速找出答案 完形填空的选项设置会通过原词、近义词、同义词、词性变化等方式重现已经出现过的词汇,或者创设一种必须使用特定词汇的语境来考查考生在具体语境中使用词汇的能力。因此做此类题时,在把握语篇、依托语境的基础上,应注意关注上下文是否有相照应的词汇,运用词汇复现技巧快速找出答案。 一 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Mary has been living alone since her husband passed away 37 years ago. In May 2021, the lockdown was particularly ____1____ for her. The 99-year-old spent her days watching television game shows. Also ____2____ at home, Benjamin, a then two-year-old who lived next door was unable to ____3____ with kids of his age. The ____4____ friendship developed gradually. At first, Mary would ____5____ at Benjamin from her window whenever she saw the young boy in the yard. Then, she risked going outside to ____6____ him in person. The routine (惯例) eventually expanded to daily ____7____ by the fence that separated the two homes. The unlikely pair even ____8____ a socially distanced game that Mary calls “cane ball”. “I came out of the house one morning, and he threw his ball toward the ____9____,” she said. “I got my cane (手杖), and I _____10_____ over the fence and hit the ball toward him, and he’d throw it back. That’s how it started.” This spring, Mary _____11_____ Benjamin with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her son. The young boy returned the _____12_____ with a gift of his own—a pile of dirt that he _____13_____ carried in his small hand and dropped at her door. “Friendship really knows no _____14_____,” Benjamin’s mother said. “Certainly, you wouldn’t guess that a 99-year-old and a 2-year-old would be _____15_____, but they could be. And they both got a lot out of it.” 1. A. natural B. simple C. hard D. important 2. A. left B. relaxed C. amazed D. stuck 3. A. compete B. fight C. argue D. play 4. A. unusual B. untrue C. unknown D. unequal 5. A. stare B. wave C. point D. laugh 6. A. greet B. help C. call D. ask 7. A. discussions B. challenges C. gatherings D. shows 8. A. recorded B. watched C. improved D. invented 9. A. wall B. fence C. tree D. house 10. A. reached B. climbed C. jumped D. got 11. A. equipped B. rewarded C. presented D. helped 12 A. emotion B. praise C. favor D. pleasure 13. A. bravely B. carefully C. secretly D. nervously 14. A. limits B. results C. awards D. grades 15. A. neighbors B. competitors C. gamers D. friends 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了疫情造成社区隔离，一位99岁的老太太和一个两岁的孩子建立了特殊友谊的故事。 1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2021年5月，封城对她来说尤为艰难。A. natural自然的；B. simple简单的；C. hard艰难的；D. important重要的。根据前面的“Mary has been living alone since her husband passed away 37 years ago.”可知，她的丈夫37年前就去世了，2021年的居家隔离，对她这个孤寡老人来说尤其艰难。故选C。 2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：本杰明当时两岁，住在隔壁，也被困在家里，不能和同龄的孩子一起玩。A. left剩余的；B. relaxed放松的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. stuck被困住的。根据前面的“lockdown”可知，由于采取了隔离措施，因此此处表示“被困在家里”。故选D。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：本杰明当时两岁，住在隔壁，也被困在家里，不能和同龄的孩子一起玩。A. compete竞争；B. fight打架；C. argue争论；D. play玩耍。根据前面的“a then two-year-old”可知，这个小孩因为隔离，也不能和其他同龄的孩子们一起玩。故选D。 4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种不同寻常的友谊是逐渐发展起来的。A. unusual不寻常的；B. untrue不真实的；C. unknown未知的；D. unequal不平等的。根据前面的“The 99-year-old”和“a then two-year-old”及常识可知，99岁的老太太和2岁的小孩之间的友谊应该是不寻常的。故选A。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，每当玛丽看到院子里的小男孩时，她都会从窗口向本杰明招手。A. stare盯着看；B. wave招手；C. point指；D. laugh笑。根据后面的“at Benjamin from her window whenever she saw the young boy in the yard”可知，起初， Mary看到院子里的Benjamin，只是从窗户里面向他挥手。故选B。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她冒险走出去亲自迎接他。A. greet打招呼；B. help帮助；C. call打电话；D. ask问。根据前面的“she risked going outside”和后面的“in person”可知，此处表示“后来Mary冒险外出当面和Benjamin打招呼”，故选A。 7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一惯例最终扩展到每天在分隔两家的篱笆旁聚会。A. discussions讨论；B. challenges挑战；C. gatherings聚会；D. shows展览。结合上文语境及后面的“by the fence (围栏) that separated the two homes”可知，他们后来天天在篱笆那里见面，空格处是“聚会”。故选C。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对不太可能的搭档甚至发明了一种被玛丽称为“手杖球”的社交距离游戏。A. recorded记录；B. watched观看；C. improved提高；D. invented发明。根据后面的“a socially distanced game that Mary calls “cane ball””和“ I 　　　10　　 over the fence and hit the ball toward him, and he’d throw it back. That’s how it started.”可知，他们两个人甚至发明了一种保持社交距离的游戏。故选D。 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一天早上我从房子里出来，他把球扔向篱笆，”她说。A. wall墙；B. fence篱笆；C. tree树；D. house房子。与上文提到的“fence”呼应，此处指Benjamin把球扔向篱笆，故选B。 10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起手杖，越过栅栏，把球打向他，他会把球扔回去。A. reached到达，伸手去够；B. climbed爬；C. jumped跳；D. got 得到。根据“the fence and hit the ball toward him”可知，此处是指越过栅栏。reach over“越过”。故选A。 11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年春天，玛丽送给本杰明一个五彩缤纷的玩具卡车收藏，那曾经是她儿子的。A. equipped配备；B. rewarded奖励；C. presented赠送；D. helped帮助。根据后面的“with a colorful toy truck collection”可知，Mary把一套玩具赠送给了Benjamin。故选C。 12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：小男孩用他自己的一份礼物——一堆泥土，来回报她的恩惠，他小心翼翼地用他的小手拿着，放在了她的门口。A. emotion情绪；B. praise表扬；C. favor恩惠；D. pleasure快乐。与上文的“gift”呼应，此处指Benjamin回报这个恩惠。故选C。 13考查副词词义辨析。句意：小男孩用他自己的一份礼物——一堆泥土，来回报她的恩惠，他小心翼翼地用他的小手拿着，放在了她的门口。A. bravely勇敢地；B. carefully小心翼翼地；C. secretly秘密地；D. nervously紧张地。根据后面的“carried in his small palm and dropped at her door”可知，幼童Benjamin小心翼翼地把一堆土当作礼物回赠给Mary。故选B。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：友谊真的没有界限。A. limits界限；B. results结果；C. awards奖品；D. grades年级。由上文的“The 　　　4　　　　 friendship developed gradually”可知，99岁的老人和2岁的小孩可以做朋友，说明友谊真的没有界限，故选A。 15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，你猜不到一个99岁的人和一个两岁的人会成为朋友，但他们有可能成为朋友。A. neighbors邻居；B. competitors竞争者；C. gamers玩家；D. friends朋友。由上文的“The 　　　4　　　　 friendship developed gradually”可知，此处指“你不会猜到一位99岁的老人和一个2岁的孩子会成为朋友”，故选D。 二 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cool spring day and I was walking through the forest. When I left home my mother told me the forest was dangerous and ___1___ me against going too far, but the interesting things were always ___2___ in the forest. The shadows made me feel like they were going to hug me. I ___3___ my new book Different Kinds of Birds from my bag. Mindlessly, I opened it and read about various kinds of birds. ___4___, I ran into an old tree. When I lifted my head and looked at the entire forest, I found tall trees were here and there, with light glancing off their leaves. I ___5___ an apple from a huge apple tree. It was so juicy and sweet. I finished my apple and was just about to grab another one when I ___6___ a beautiful hummingbird(蜂鸟). It was flying near a flower. I looked for its wings. They were beating at such a ___7___ speed that I could barely see them. I looked at my book and ___8___ for “hummingbird” in it. Later, I found another hummingbird in a ___9___ with two baby hummingbirds inside. I quickly took out my brand-new ___10___. I had already taken many breathtaking photos, but this would be my best so far. When I looked at the baby hummingbirds ___11___, I was surprised! Unlike their parents, they were so ___12___ and were nearly naked and blind! I was very interested in them, so I said to myself, “Maybe I will stay here a bit longer.” When I ___13___ that the shadows were growing longer and that the sun was setting, I began to walk back to my ___14___ slowly, careful enough not to disturb the birds. I said to myself, “I have to come back tomorrow, and ___15___ lots of food to feed them.” 1. A. protected B. warned C. supported D. followed 2. A. deeper B. higher C. heavier D. fewer 3. A. gave away B. sent off C. added up D. pulled out 4. A. Suddenly B. Possibly C. Gradually D. Luckily 5. A. observed B. hung C. picked D. shared 6. A. touched B. hurt C. saw D. fed 7. A. clear B. high C. slow D. familiar 8. A. asked B. thought C. headed D. searched 9. A. bottle B. nest C. hill D. book 10. A. watch B. hat C. camera D. box 11. A. simply B. seriously C. closely D. correctly 12. A. dirty B. healthy C. big D. ugly 13. A. noticed B. suggested C. allowed D. insisted 14. A. school B. office C. house D. factory 15. A. clean B. eat C. waste D. bring 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，孩子都喜欢大自然，作者也不例外。有一天，作者独自走进了森林，在那里他见到了美丽的蜂鸟和鸟宝宝。天色已晚，作者还是舍不得离开，大自然的美妙着实让作者流连忘返。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我离开家时，我的母亲告诉我森林是危险的，并警告我不要走得太远，但有趣的东西总是在森林更深处。A. protected保护；B. warned警告；C. supported支持；D. followed跟随。根据设空前的dangerous可知，作者的母亲应该是警告（warn）作者不要走得太远。故选B项。 2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我离开家时，我的母亲告诉我森林是危险的，并警告我不要走得太远，但有趣的东西总是在森林更深处。A. deeper更深的；B. higher更高的；C. heavier更重的；D. fewer更少的。根据上文作者母亲的警告和转折词but可推知，这里是指有趣的东西总是在森林更深（deeper）处。故选A项。 3.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从包里拿出我的新书《不同种类的鸟》。A. gave away捐赠；B. sent off寄出；C. added up加起来；D. pulled out驶离，掏出。根据下文“I opened it and read about various kinds of birds.(我打开书，阅读关于各种种类的鸟。)”可知，作者从包里掏出（pull out）一本书。故选D项。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我撞上了一棵树。A. Suddenly突然；B. Possibly可能；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据上文可知，作者正在读书，突然（suddenly）撞到了树上。故选A项。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从一棵大苹果树上摘了一个苹果。A. observed观察；B. hung悬挂；C. picked选择，采摘；D. shared分享。根据下文的“It was so juicy”可知，作者应该是从树上摘（pick）了一个苹果。故选C项。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吃完了我的苹果，正准备再拿一个，这时我看到了一只漂亮的蜂鸟。A. touched触摸；B. hurt受伤；C. saw看见；D. fed喂。结合语境及下文对蜂鸟的描述可知，当作者想再摘一个苹果的时候突然看见（see）了一只美丽的蜂鸟。故选C项。 7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们以如此高的速度拍打着翅膀，我几乎看不见它们。A. clear清楚的；B. high高的；C. slow慢的；D. familiar熟悉的。根设空后的“I could barely see them”可知，蜂鸟翅膀挥动的速度很快，以至于看不清。at a high speed意为“高速地”，故选B项。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看了看我的书，在里面搜索“蜂鸟”。A. asked问；B. thought思考，认为；C. headed朝……行进；D. searched搜索。根据语境可知，作者打开书查找（search for）关于蜂鸟的内容。故选D项。 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在一个巢里发现了另一只蜂鸟，里面有两只蜂鸟宝宝。A. bottle瓶子；B. nest巢；C. hill山；D. book书。根据设空后的“with two baby hummingbirds inside”可知，作者在鸟巢（nest）里又看见了一只蜂鸟和两只幼鸟。故选B项。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我迅速拿出我的新相机。A. watch手表；B. hat帽子；C. camera相机；D. box盒子。根据设空后的“I had already taken many breathtaking photos”可知，作者拿出照相机（camera），想要拍照。故选C项。 11.考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我近距离观察蜂鸟宝宝时，我很惊讶！A. simply简单地，仅仅；B. seriously严重地，认真地；C. closely紧密地，接近地；D. correctly正确地。作者刚才只是看到鸟巢里有两只幼鸟，现在靠近（closely）仔细观察它们。故选C项。 12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不像他们的父母，他们长得很丑，几乎光着身子，眼睛也看不见！A. dirty脏的；B. healthy健康的；C. big大的；D. ugly丑陋的。根据上文“a beautiful hummingbird”及设空后的“were nearly naked and blind”可知，幼鸟跟它们的父母不一样，它们很丑陋（ugly），故选D项。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我注意到阴影变长，太阳落山时，我开始慢慢地走回我的房子，非常小心，不惊动鸟儿。A. noticed注意到；B. suggested建议；C. allowed允许；D. insisted坚持。根据“I began to walk back…”可知，作者注意到（notice）天色已晚。故选A项。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我注意到阴影变长，太阳落山时，我开始慢慢地走回我的房子，非常小心，不惊动鸟儿。A. school学校；B. office办公室；C. house房子；D. factory工厂。第一段提到作者从家中出来，现在天色晚了应该是返回家（house）中。故选C项。 15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对自己说:“我明天一定要回来，带很多食物来喂它们。”A. clean清洗，打扫；B. eat吃；C. waste浪费；D. bring带来。根据上文的描述可知，作者很喜欢这些蜂鸟，所以他打算第二大再来并给它们带（bring）些食物。故选D项。 三 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The computer plays an important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great ____1____ in the world in the ____2____ century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, ____3____ at schools. Today it is used ____4____ many ways. It really ____5____ the world large wealth (财富) and happiness. The first computer in the world was ____6____ Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was ____7____ and heavy. ____8____ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone ____9____ four periods (时期，阶段)and changed a lot. There’re many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more _____10_____. The computer can do most of the things _____11_____ the people. It can help us to _____12_____ about the real world more quickly, to learn _____13_____ we want to learn and to think _____14_____ ourselves. _____15_____ a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it. 1. A. inventions B. discoveries C. toys D. inventors 2. A. twenty-first B. twenties C. twelfth D. twentieth 3. A. also B. but also C. too D. either 4. A. in B. to C. by D. over 5. A. takes B. helps C. gets D. brings 6. A. found B. invented C. called D. bought 7. A. easy B. small C. large D. light 8. A. For B. Until C. When D. Since 9. A. back B. across C. through D. against 10. A. serious B. harmful C. dangerous D. helpful 11. A. for B. to C. at D. with 12. A. set B. tell C. know D. talk 13. A. what B. that C. which D. who 14. A. of B. about C. out D. for 15. A. For B. Be C. As D. To 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了电脑的产生，发展以及我们日常生活中的广泛使用。 1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。A. inventions发明；B. discoveries发现；C. toys玩具；D. inventors发明家。根据上文“The computer plays an important part in our everyday life.”可知，这句话的It指代上文的computer，所以电脑是一项发明。故选A。 2.考查数词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. twenty-first21；B. twenties20；C. twelfth第12；D. twentieth第20。根据常识可知，电脑是20世纪的发明，空格前面有the，所以这里要用序数词，表示“第20个世纪”。故选D。 3.考查连词词义辨析。句意：它不仅适用于家庭、办公室、大商店，还有学校。A. also也；B. but also而且；C. too也；D. either也。根据上文“not only”可知，这里考查连词固定搭配not only…but also…，表示“不仅…而且…”的意思。故选B。 4.考查介词词义辨析。句意：今天，它被用在许多方面。A. in在…里面；B. to到；C. by通过；D. over在…上面。根据下文“many ways”可知，这里考查介词和名词的固定搭配in many ways，表示“在许多方面”的意思。故选A。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它真的给世界带来了很大的财富和快乐。A. takes带走；B. helps帮助；C. gets得到；D. brings带来。根据下文“the world large wealth (财富) and happiness”可知，这里是指电脑给世界带来了很大的财富和快乐。故选D。 6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界上的第一台电脑被叫做Enid。A. found发现；B. invented发明；C. called叫，喊；D. bought买。根据下文“Enid”可知，这是这台电脑的名字，所以是被叫做这个名字。故选C。 7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它又大又笨重。A. easy容易的；B. small小的；C. large大的；D. light轻的。根据下文“and heavy”可知，这是指第一台电脑，又大又笨重。故选C。 8.考查连词词义辨析。句意：自从它诞生，它一直发展的很快。A. For因为；B. Until直到；C. When当…时；D. Since自从。根据下文“it was born, it has been developing very fast.”可知，要想发展，就是要从诞生开始。故选D。 9.考查介词词义辨析。句意：直到现在，它已经经历了4个阶段，并且改变了许多。A. back回来；B. across跨过；C. through穿过；D. against对立。根据下文“four periods”可知，这里指电脑的发展经历了4个阶段，go through是固定短语，表示“经历”的意思。故选C。 10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它变得越来越有用。A. serious严肃的；B. harmful有害的；C. dangerous有危险的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster.”可知，电脑一直往好的方向发展，所以变得越来越有用。故选D。 11.考查介词词义辨析。句意：电脑可以为人类做大部分事情。A. for为了；B. to到；C. at在…上面；D. with和，有。根据上文“do most of the things”和下文“the people”可知，这里是指电脑为人类做事情。故选A。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可以帮助我们更快地了解现实世界，学习我们想要学习的东西，为我们自己着想。A. set设置；B. tell告知；C. know知道；D. talk说话。根据下文“about the real world more quickly”可知，这里指电脑可以帮助我们更快地了解现实世界。故选C。 13.考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. what什么；B. that那；C. which哪一个；D. who谁。根据下文“we want to learn”可知，这是考查宾语从句的连词，表示“什么”的意思，在从句中做宾语，所以用连词what。故选A。 14.考查介词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. of…的；B. about关于；C. out在外面；D. for为了。根据下文“ourselves”可知，这里指电脑会为我们自己考虑。故选D。 15.考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为一个21世纪的学生，你必须努力学习它。A. For为了；B. Be是；C. As作为；D. To到。根据下文“a student in the twenty-first century”可知，这里指作为一名学生。故选C。 四 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Two years ago, Nikki Tysoe ___1___ got on a bike. Today, though, she’s become so ___2___ to the cycling world that she’s even helping to bring pedal power to mental-health nurses at the hospital where she ___3___ . In April, the National Lottery-funded charity Access Sport introduced a program that provides bikes to Tower Hamlets’ Royal London Hospital. Nikki ___4___ herself to pushing for this to be extended to Goodmayes Hospital, a mental-health facility in northeast London ___5___ she’s a project manager. She says having the bikes not only enables nursing staff to travel safely to and ___6___ work during the coronavirus crisis, but also allows them to ___7___ steam during their breaks. Nikki wanted to do something to make life a bit better for the ___8___ in the hospital. There’s a lot of focus on the hospitals at the moment which are having an awful time and this is also a ___9___ time for mental-health staff. The bikes provide a complement（补充） to a “wobble room”，spaces designed for nurses and other staff if they are feeling pressured and need some ___10___ and relief during the pandemic within the hospital. The bikes are surely an extension of that. Junior doctor Aiman is very ___11___ for that program. “Using the bike means I can get to work safely” she says. “This has taken out a lot of ___12___ from my daily life and allows me to focus on my patients. It’s definitely improved my mental well-being. ” Stress levels are generally high in nursing and having bikes would make a ___13___ . ___14___ Access Sport has provided Nikki with bikes, her dream is to have three or four bicycles permanently on site. Following the success of the bike loans, Nikki is working to extend the project ___15___ lockdown. 1. A. previously B. rarely C. originally D. temporary 2. A. addicted B. concerned C. absorbed D. focused 3. A. visits B. works C. assists D. interviews 4. A. equipped B. adopted C. devoted D. adjusted 5. A. when B. which C. as D. where 6. A. from B. through C. during D. for 7. A. put off B. take off C. cut off D. let off 8. A. staff B. stuff C. mass D. majority 9. A. passive B. stressful C. dramatic D. pleasant 10. A. permission B. preference C. profession D. peace 11. A. guilty B. annoyed C. grateful D. respectful 12. A. concerns B. accidents C. reliefs D. missions 13. A. mess B. difference C. determination D. living 14. A. If B. Once C. While D. With 15. A. beyond B. throughout C. within D. to 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要内容是古德梅耶斯医院的一个项目经理Nikki帮助该医院的工作人员使用自行车。这不仅能让护理人员在冠状病毒危机期间安全上下班，还能让他们在休息时释放压力。 1.考查副词。句意：两年前，Nikki Tysoe很少骑自行车。A. previously 以前；B. rarely很少；C. originally最初 D. temporary临时。根据第一句和第二句的时间状语“two years ago”和“today”以及第二句话中的转折副词“though”可知，和今天相比，两年前的Nikki很少骑自行车。故选B项。 2.考查形容词。句意：然而今天，她已经对自行车世界如此上瘾，她甚至帮助她工作医院的精神健康护士们使用自行车。A. addicted上瘾的；B. concerned关心的；C. absorbed专心的；D. focused专注的。根据第一句话“Two years ago, Nikki Tysoe rarely got on a bike.”可知，两年前，尼基•泰索很少骑自行车。但是，由第二句话中的转折副词though可知，现在她已经对自行车如此上瘾。故选A项。 3.考查动词。句意：然而今天，她已经对自行车世界如此上瘾，她甚至帮助她工作的医院的精神健康护士们使用自行车。A. visits参观；B. works工作；C. assists协助 D. interviews面试。由第二段的第二句话“... herself to pushing for this to be extended to Goodmayes Hospital, ...she’s a project manager.”可知，Niki是医院的一个项目经理，所以她在医院里工作。故选B项。 4.考查动词。句意：Niki致力于推动古德梅耶斯医院推广这一项目，古德梅耶斯医院是伦敦东北部的一家精神健康机构，她在那里担任项目经理。A. equipped配备；B. adopted采用；C. devoted专心 D. adjusted调整。由上一句“In April, the National Lottery-funded charity Access Sport introduced a program that provides bikes to Tower Hamlets’ Royal London Hospital.”可知，慈善机构Access Sport 开始只为Tower Hamlets’ Royal London Hospital提供自行车，但是Niki想致力于推动古德梅耶斯医院推广这一项目。故选C项。 5.考查定语从句。句意：尼基致力于推动古德梅耶斯医院推广这一项目，古德梅耶斯医院是伦敦东北部的一家精神健康机构，她在那里担任项目经理。A. when当……时候；B. which哪个；C. as作为 D. where在那里。分析句子可知，空格后的句子是一个定语，先行词是Goodmayes Hospital，而先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以要用关系副词where。故选D项。 6.考查介词。句意： 她说，拥有自行车不仅能让护理人员在冠状病毒危机期间安全上下班，还能让他们在休息时释放压力。A. from从……，来自；B. through穿过；C. during期间 ；D. for为了。根据前面的介词to和后面的名词work可知，这儿指的是护理人员上下班 “to and from work”。故选A项。 7.考查动词短语。句意： 她说，拥有自行车不仅能让护理人员在冠状病毒危机期间安全上下班，还能让他们在休息时释放压力。A. put off推迟；B. take off 起飞；C. cut off 切断；D. let off释放。由空格后的名词steam可知，这儿是考查固定短语“let off steam(纾解压力∕发泄怒气)”。故选D项。 8.考查名词。句意：妮基想做点什么让医院员工的生活好一点。A. staff .员工；B. stuff 东西；C. mass.质量； D. majority多数。由上一段的句子“She says having the bikes not only enables nursing staff to travel safely to and from work during the coronavirus crisis, but also allows them to let off steam during their breaks.”可知，妮基想做点什么让医院员工的生活好一点。故选A项。 9.考查形容词。句意：目前医院的情况非常糟糕，这也是心理健康工作人员压力很大的时候。A. passive被动的；B. stressful有压力的；C. dramatic戏剧性的； D. pleasant愉快的。由上文的awful time和空格前的also可知，这里指的是心理健康工作人员压力很大的时候。故选B项。 10.考查名词。句意：这些自行车是对“摇摆室”的补充，为护士和其他工作人员设计的空间，如果他们在医院大流行期间感到压力和需要一些平静和放松。 A. permission许可；B. preference偏爱；C. profession 专业；D. peace和平。由上文的“...they are feeling pressured”和下文的“relief”可知，工作人员需要平静和放松。故选D项。 11.考查形容词。句意：初级医生艾曼非常感谢这个项目。A. guilty内疚的；B. annoyed烦恼的；C. grateful感激的 ；D. respectful尊重的。 有下面Aiman说的话“Using the bike means I can get to work safely”可知，他是感激这个项目的。故选C项。 12.考查名词。句意：这消除了我日常生活中的很多顾虑，让我可以专注于我的病人。A. concerns忧虑；B. accidents事故；C. reliefs减轻；D. missions任务。有下文的“...allows me to focus on my patients(让我可以专注于我的病人)”可知，这个项目消除了Aiman日常生活中的很多顾虑。故选A项。 13.考查名词。句意：护理人员的压力水平普遍很高，拥有自行车会有所不同。 A. mess混乱；B. difference差异；C. determination决定； D. living生活。由上面Aiman的话可知，这个项目对医护人员意义很大，所以要用固定短语“make a difference(有影响，有意义)”。故选B项。 14.考查连词。句意：虽然Access Sport为尼基提供了自行车，但她梦想是永久拥有三到四辆自行车。 A. If 如果；B. Once一次；C. While尽管； D. With带有。由逗号前后两句话的意思是转折关系可知，这儿应该用while引导让步状语从句。故选C项。 15.考查介词。句意：随着自行车贷款的成功，尼基正在努力将该项目延长到封锁之后。A. beyond超过，超出；B. throughout贯穿；C. within在……以内 ；D. to到……去。由上文的“following the success of the bike loans(随着自行车贷款的成功)”可知，Niki有更多的资金，所以他可以继续延长这个项目到（疫情）封锁之后。故选A项。 五 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When an infectious disease broke out and supermarket shelves were ___1___, Daniel and Nancy decided they no longer wanted to ___2___others for food. The couple decided to start a year-long ___3___ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ___4___, they would grow, raise or catch everything. Daniel said, “It is something that we have wanted to do. When the disease ___5___, it gave us that extra ___6___. At that time we were both ___7___, which gave us even more motivation to see if we could ____8____ ourselves.” The pair built a house for chickens and ducks and studied online about where they would get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms and ___9___ salt from the ocean.” Now after five months, they both feel well but Daniel _____10_____ the first few weeks were difficult as their bodies adjusted to _____11_____ coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day, he says, “After three weeks our energy levels balanced out and our wishes ______12______and now we feel great.” Now February has come to a(n) _____13_____. As they survive winter, they feel _____14_____ about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge ______15______ending in August. 1. A. dirty B. empty C. broken D. full 2. A. carry on B. take on C. concentrate on D. rely on 3. A. charity B. challenge C. construction D. research 4. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Besides 5. A. hit B. dropped C. failed D. went 6. A. burden B. account C. push D. pull 7. A. generous B. concerned C. occupied D. unemployed 8. A. teach B. protect C. feed D. control 9. A. supply B. harvest C. invent D. rescue 10. A. admits B. argues C. hesitates D. denies 11. A. demanding B. quitting C. changing D. consuming 12. A. reduced B. returned C. existed D. doubled 13. A. head B. life C. end D. point 14. A. positive B. annoyed C. regretful D. bored 15. A. frequently B. unluckily C. merely D. officially 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定独立制作食物，成功挑战一年不购买东西吃的故事。 1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dirty脏的；B. empty空的；C. broken坏的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectious disease broke out”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选B。 2.考查动词短与词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. carry on继续做；坚持干；B. take on呈现；承担；C. concentrate on专注于；D. rely on依赖；依靠。由后文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D。 3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A. charity慈善；B. challenge挑战；C. construction建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战，故选B。 4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切（吃的）。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead相反；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The couple decided to start a year-long ____3____ where they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat.”和下文“they would grow, raise or catch everything.”可知，上下文是对比的关系。故选C。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. hit袭击；B. dropped下降；C. failed失败；D. went去。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选A。 6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B. account账号；描述；C. push推动力；D. pull拉力。由后文的“gave us even more motivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选C。 7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. generous慷慨的；大方的；B. concerned担心的；C. occupied已占用的；D. unemployed失业的。根据第一段的“When an infectious disease broke out”可知，传染病爆发，他们俩失业。故选D。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. teach教；B. protect保护；C. feed喂养；养活；D. control控制。由上文的“they wouldn’t buy a single thing to eat. ____4____ , they would grow, raise or catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. harvest收获；采集；C. invent发明；D. rescue挽救。由后文的“salt from the ocean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选B。 10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. admits承认；B. argues争论；C. hesitates犹豫；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选A。 11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体适应了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. demanding要求；B. quitting戒除；C. changing改变；D. consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选B。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们的精力平衡了，我们的愿望减少了，现在我们感觉很好。A. reduced减少；B. returned回来；C. existed存在；D. doubled加倍。由上文的“their bodies adjusted to ____11____ coffee, wine and sugar”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，由此可知，他们的愿望减少了。故选A。 13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. life生活；C. end结束；D. point点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，come to an end意为“结束”。故选C。 14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. positive积极的；乐观的；B. annoyed生气的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bored无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“about continuing with this way of living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以就对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A。 15.考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. frequently频繁地；B. unluckily不幸地；C. merely仅仅；D. officially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D。 六 完形填空 I am writing this story to express the important value of sportsmanship(体育精神)．Some years ago，my traveling___1___team took part in a nationwide competition.This competition is very___2___ and the atmosphere is far from___3___．After we completed our performance，the next competing team laughed at us and gave us a dirty___4___as we passed them.They looked___5___at us and made fun of our costumes and our performance.My team and I were all very___6___，even to the point of tears. One of my team members___7___that we should boo(发嘘声) them as they performed.Finally I said，“Let's teach them a lesson.” I was the oldest member of the team and their role model.What I said next totally___8___them.I said，“They are on stage right now.Let's go and___9___them.”I then looked up at the stage and started to scream，“Come on！”My teammates all started to shout loudly with me to show support for the team.At first they were____10____．Then I noticed that they were having____11____screaming for the team that a couple of minutes ago they hated. When the team finished dancing and walked off stage，my teammates and I all started to____12____them.Most members of the opposite team____13____and said “thank you”，and they were a little embarrassed.My team and I felt a lot better about the____14____．After that，my teammates understood what a great____15____it was and they were glad that they had shown good sportsmanship. 1. A. design B. football C. dance D. drama 2. A. fierce B. reasonable C. common D. serious 3. A. practical B. heavy C. tense D. friendly 4. A. hand B. look C. job D. paper 5. A. politely B. happily C. straight D. funnily 6. A. upset B. surprised C. excited D. disappointed 7. A. decided B. learned C. thought D. suggested 8. A. shocked B. delighted C. annoyed D. puzzled 9. A. praise B. comfort C. cheer D. thank 10. A. surprised B. embarrassed C. reluctant D. disagreed 11. A. anger B. wish C. sadness D. fun 12. A. welcome B. congratulate C. receive D. scold 13. A. smiled B. fainted C. cried D. left 14. A. position B. future C. place D. situation 15. A. team B. age C. idea D. help 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和队友们参加比赛的经历来体现体育精神的价值的重要性。 1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我的巡回舞蹈队参加了一次全国性的比赛。A. design 设计；B. football 足球；C. dance 舞蹈；D. drama戏剧。根据下文的When the team finished dancing and walked off stage可知，是舞蹈比赛。故选C。 2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这场比赛非常激烈，气氛也很不友好。A. fierce 激烈的；B. reasonable 合理的；C. common 普通的；D. serious严肃的。这是个全国性的比赛，应该是竞争非常激烈。故选A。 3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这场比赛非常激烈，气氛也很不友好。A. practical 实际的；B. heavy重的；C. tense紧张的；D. friendly友好的。根据下文的After we completed our performance，the next competing team laughed at us and gave us a dirty　　4　　as we passed them.可知，竞争对手们之间很不友好。故选D。 4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们表演完之后，下一个竞争的团队嘲笑我们，当我们经过他们时给了我们一个卑鄙的眼神。A. hand 手；B. look 看；C. job 工作；D. paper报纸。根据下文的They looked　　5　　at us and made fun of our costumes and our performance.可知，此处是指他们看我们。故选B。 5.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们直盯着我们，嘲笑我们的服装和表演。A. politely礼貌的；B. happily 开心的； C. straight直接的；D. funnily有趣的。根据上文当我们经过的时候，他们嘲笑我们可知，此处指盯着我们看，用straight最合语境。故选C。 6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的队友们都非常难过，甚至都哭了。A. upset心烦的；B. surprised吃惊的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文语境及下文的even to the point of tears.可知，他们非常难过。故选A。 7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一个团队成员建议我们应该在他们表演的时候嘘他们。A. decided 决定；B. learned 学到；C. thought认为；D. suggested建议。根据下文作者决定为他们加油可知，此处是 队员的建议。故选D。 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我接下来说的话使他们大为震惊。A. shocked 震惊；B. delighted 高兴的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据上文可知，队员建议回击对方，作者却建议为对方加油，因此，应该是大家很震惊。故选A。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们去给他们加油吧。然后我抬头看着舞台，开始尖叫:“加油!A. praise 奖励；B. comfort安慰；C. cheer欢呼，加油； D. thank感谢。根据下一句I then looked up at the stage and started to scream，“Come on！”可知，作者是建议为他们加油。故选C。 10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始他们是不情愿的。A. surprised 吃惊的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. reluctant不情愿的；D. disagreed不同意的。根据下文的Then I noticed that they were having　　11　　screaming for the team that a couple of minutes ago they hated.可知，一开始，队员们并不情愿。故选C。 11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我注意到，他们在为几分钟前他们还讨厌的球队尖叫，这让他们很开心。A. anger生气；B. wish希望；C. sadness伤心；D. fun乐趣。根据本句句意及下文语境可知，此处是指他们很开心。故选D。 12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当队员们跳完舞走下舞台时，我和我的队友们开始向他们祝贺。A. welcome 欢迎；B. congratulate 祝贺；C. receive 收到；D. scold批评。根据上文作者和队友们给对手加油可知，此处是祝贺他们。故选B。 13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数对方团队的成员微笑着说谢谢，他们有点尴尬。A. smiled 微笑；B. fainted晕倒；C. cried 哭；D. left离开。对方开始时嘲笑我们，而我们却为他们加油并结合句意可知，他们是笑着感谢我们。故选A。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的团队对这种情况感觉好多了。A. position 位置；B. future未来；C. place位置；D. situation情况。对方开始时嘲笑我们，而我们却为他们加油，他们笑着感谢我们。由此可知，此处是指这种情况使我们感觉好多了。故选D。 15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我的队友们明白了这是一个多么伟大的想法，他们很高兴自己展现了良好的体育精神。A. team 团队； B. age年龄；C. idea 主意；D. help帮助。根据上文语境可知，此处是作者的感触，感慨作者要给不友善的队友加油而不是回击他们是多么棒的主意。故选C。 一 　　Last Sunday, waitress King was on her routine work. She took the order of an elderly lady who was sitting　1　.  “It was on Sunday, which is always pretty 　2　,” King told Newsweek. “About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes. Just small　3　, nothing too deep. She told me she was almost 70 and just wanted to stop by an old 　4　 restaurant for a bite.”  As the lady had　5　eating her meal King noticed that she seemed quiet and in deep 　6　. The waitress's first idea was that there might have been something wrong with the 　7　. King went over to check with the lady. But the lady said, 　8　, “The food is good. 　9　 is wrong. Thanks for your kindness.” A few minutes later,the lady 　10　.  But the 　11　 which the lady left behind with the $3 tip on her $10 check brought King to tears.  “Thank you very much for your kind 　12　,” it read. “This is the 　13　 time I've eaten out alone since my husband passed away. I was hoping I could 　14　 it.”  King 　15　 a picture of the note on Twitter, which received a ton of feedback, including “I want to give whoever wrote this note a hug.”  1.A.casually　　 B.happily　　 C.around　　 D.alone 2.A.quiet　　 B.busy　　 C.sunny　　 D.hard 3.A.rest　　 B.table　　 C.talk　　 D.dish 4.A.favorite　　 B.expensive　　 C.strange　　 D.normal 5.A.finished　　 B.started　　 C.considered D.appreciated 6.A.trouble　　 B.thought　　 C.sleep　　 D.shock 7.A.bill　　 B.cook　　 C.food　　 D.air 8.A.trembling　　 B.sighing　　 C.nodding　　 D.smiling 9.A.Nothing　　 B.Everything　　 C.Something　 D.Anything 10.A.bargained　 B.continued　　 C.left　　 D.remained 11.A.note　　 B.gift　　 C.phone　　 D.message 12.A.donation　　 B.service　　 C.reminder　　 D.comfort 13.A.real　　 B.last　　 C.other　　 D.first 14.A.jump at　　 B.get through　　 C.turn down　　 D.put off 15.A.switched　　 B.took　　 C.posted　　 D.delivered [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:服务员King遇到一位独自用餐的年长女士,并和她聊了几句。餐后这位女士留下了小费和一张纸条,感谢King的服务。 1.D　句意:她为一位独自坐着的年长女士点单。根据第五段的“I've eaten out alone”可知,这位女士是一个人来吃饭,所以此处为独自坐着。 2.B　根据语境和常识可知此处表示“那是在周日,总是很忙”。根据下文提到的“About halfway through her meal, it started to slow down so we chatted for a few minutes.”可知,不太忙了时,她们闲聊了一会儿。由此可知,开始的时候很忙。 3.C　根据前文的chatted以及后文的“She told me”可知,她们进行了闲谈。small talk闲谈。 4.A　此处表示“她只是想顺便到一家以前来过的最喜欢的餐馆吃点东西”。根据下文可知,丈夫去世后她一直没有单独出来吃过饭,她希望从痛苦中走出来,所以选择的餐馆应该是她喜欢的。 5.A　句意:当这位女士吃完饭时,King注意到她似乎很安静,陷入了沉思。根据下文她留下餐费及小费可知,此时她吃完了饭。 6.B　根据quiet可知,她陷入沉思(in deep thought)。 7.C　根据后文的“The food is good.”可知,看到女士的表现,服务员的第一反应是食物可能有问题。 8.D　根据下文说话内容中的“The food is good.”以及“Thanks for your kindness.”可知,女士说话时是微笑的。 9.A　根据前文的“The food is good.”可知,女士想表达的是“没有问题”。 10.C　根据后文说的女士留下餐费、小费可知,女士离开了。 11.A　根据后文的“it read”以及“King 　　　a picture of the note on Twitter”可知,女士留了一张纸条。  12.B　纸条是写给服务员King的。女士觉得King很体贴,所以她感谢King的服务。 13.D　根据后文“since my husband passed away”可知,这是她在丈夫去世后第一次独自外出吃饭。 14.B　此处表示“我本来以为我能挺过去”。丈夫去世了,女士本来以为自己能挺过去,但独自一人吃饭时仍十分难过。get through意为“熬过(困难或不快的时期)”。 15.C　句意:King在Twitter上发布了这张纸条的照片,收到了大量的反馈,包括“我想给写这张纸条的人一个拥抱。” 在Twitter上发帖子用post。 二 　　I've been told I was born middle⁃aged. I took on a lot of family　1　 at an early age, which meant putting away childish things long before childhood was over. When you have sensible adult 　2　 on your mind, it's 　3　 to find time to play. A few months ago, I was listening to a sensible adult podcast (播客) about publishing. During the course of the 　4　, the host said to his guest, “Ever since I read your latest book, I've found myself looking for opportunities to play.” When I heard a sensible adult podcaster talk about taking time to play, I thought, “Well, that's just silly.” The idea of playing as an adult seemed 　5　 in a way I couldn't express clearly. However, I didn't know why the desire to play still　6　 my mind a few days later.  One night, I was cutting across the local park, which would have been bustling (熙熙攘攘的) with 　7　 if I'd been there during the day. Now they were home in bed with their parents, and it was just me in this well⁃loved playground.  It was the swing set that really　8　 my attention. When I saw it, I suddenly remembered playing on the swings with my cousin. I recalled the 　9　of that childhood experience. During the day you'd probably be　10　 by other sensible adults if you were waiting in line with their children. But at night, with no one else around?  I　11　 a bit, but nobody would ever know. So I got on the swing. I pumped (上下快速运动) my 　12　 to go higher, higher.  It was fun,　13　 and simple. Eventually, I came down from the swing, but I didn't resist smiling. I couldn't. That smile 　14　 itself on my face, and it wouldn't go away.   My childhood may be over, but that doesn't mean　15　 is.  1.A.relationships　　 B.responsibilities　　 C.stories　　 D.debts 2.A.matters　　 B.doubts　　 C.efforts　　 D.skills 3.A.strange　　 B.unusual　　 C.unnecessary　　 D.difficult 4.A.interview　　 B.recovery　　 C.change　　 D.negotiation 5.A.frightening　　 B.unappealing　　 C.similar　　 D.normal 6.A.connected with　　 B.met with　　 C.took up　　 D.brushed aside 7.A.adults　　 B.children　　 C.coaches　　 D.parents 8.A.held　　 B.required　　 C.discovered　　 D.escaped 9.A.power　　 B.curiosity　　 C.delight　　 D.disappointment 10.A.looked into　　 B.looked after　　 C.looked at　　 D.looked down on 11.A.hesitated　　 B.studied　　 C.stepped　　 D.rested 12.A.head　　 B.hands　　 C.shoulders　　 D.legs 13.A.shocking　　 B.awkward　　 C.remote　　 D.pure 14.A.pleased　　 B.planted　　 C.challenged　　 D.proved 15.A.reunion　　 B.homework　　 C.playtime　　 D.breakthrough [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与自我。主旨:作者本以为成年后玩游戏已经不再具有吸引力,但一次秋千体验让作者找回了童年的快乐。 1.B　根据上文“I've been told I was born middle⁃aged.”和下文“which meant putting away childish things long before childhood was over”可推知,作者的童年很短暂,很早就开始承担家庭的责任。 2.A　 根据上文“putting away childish things long before childhood was over”可知,作者很早就收起了童年幼稚的东西,开始考虑成年人的事情。 3.D　 根据上文和常识可知,如果有成年人的责任和事情,我们就很难找时间玩耍了。 4.A　句意:在采访过程中,主持人对他的嘉宾说:“我读了您的新书后,一直在寻找玩游戏的机会。”根据上文“listening to a sensible adult podcast”和句中“the host said to his guest”可知,这是一次采访。 5.B　 根据上文“Well, that's just silly.”可知,作者认为成年人玩游戏这个想法很傻,因此对作者无吸引力。 6.C　 根据句中副词“still”可知,尽管最初作者认为成年人玩游戏这个想法很傻,但玩游戏的欲望仍然占据了他的脑海。take up意为“占据”。 7.B　 句意:一天晚上,我抄近路穿过当地的公园,如果我白天去的话,公园里一定挤满了孩子。根据下文“Now they were home in bed with their parents”可推断,前文挤满公园的应该是孩子。 8.A　 根据下文“When I saw it, I suddenly remembered playing on the swings with my cousin.”可知,秋千吸引了作者的注意。hold one's attention意为“抓住某人的注意力”。 9.C　 根据上文“I suddenly remembered playing on the swings with my cousin”可知,作者回忆起了快乐的往事。 10.D　 结合常识和下文“if you were waiting in line with their children”可知,如果一个成年人跟孩子一起排队玩秋千,可能会被其他理智的成年人看不起。 11.A　 根据下文“but nobody would ever know”可推知,作者有一个心理斗争的过程,犹豫了一下。 12.D　 句意:我双腿紧蹬,想要荡得更高、更高。根据常识可知,荡秋千需要腿部用力。 13.D　 句意:这很有趣,纯粹而简单。根据句中“simple”可推知,秋千给作者带来纯粹而简单的快乐。 14.B　 句意:那笑容在我脸上浮现,挥之不去。根据上文“...but I didn't resist smiling. I couldn't.”可知,笑容发自内心,植根于脸庞。 15.C　 句意:我的童年可能结束了,但这并不意味着游戏时间结束了。根据上文可知,作者通过荡秋千找回了童年的快乐,虽然童年已逝,但童趣永存,游戏时间随时都在。 三 　　I love and enjoy playing the piano. So when the recital (音乐演奏会) was 　1　, I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already　2　 my best music.  However, Mom turned this 　3　 into something worthwhile. “You should 　4　 at Carriage House Manor. I'm sure the 　5　 there would really appreciate the music.” To me, this was a win⁃win situation because not only would I play more music, but I had the chance to 　6　 the residents, some of whom tragically didn't have families.  The much⁃anticipated day 　7　 arrived. Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray⁃haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the 　8　. Despite ongoing conversations at tables, 　9　 still hung like a dark cloud in the room. After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach. But my 　10　 melted away as I played on.  The dinner hour flew by. One woman got up and began to cheerfully 　11　 about the room to the beat of the 　12　 while others snapped their fingers (打响指). I was 　13　 to see how music brought big smiles to their faces.  Calling off the recital was a blessing because it led to us 　14　 the gift of music with those who needed it most. Go spread 　15　 whenever possible.  1.A.cancelled　　 B.sponsored　　 C.organized　　 D.postponed 2.A.recorded　　 B.prepared　　 C.composed　　 D.sung 3.A.burnout　 　 B.letdown　　 C.getaway　　 D.turnaround 4.A.relax　　 B.investigate　　 C.perform　　 D.wait 5.A.seniors　　 B.nurses　　 C.guards　　 D.musicians 6.A.cheer up　　 B.settle down　　 C.comment on　　 D.hunt for 7.A.simply　　 B.accidentally　　 C.finally　　 D.nearly 8.A.freedom　　 B.vacation　　 C.company　　 D.privilege 9.A.silence　　 B.horror　　 C.confusion　　 D.loneliness 10.A.desperation　　 B.nervousness　　 C.frustration　　 D.embarrassment 11.A.spin　　 B.wander　　 C.dance　　 D.glance 12.A.drums　　 B.heart　　 C.words　　 D.music 13.A.determined　　 B.upset　　 C.curious　　 D.amazed 14.A.carrying　　 B.exchanging　　 C.discussing　　 D.sharing 15.A.faith　　 B.kindness　　 C.messages　　 D.awareness [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:作者的音乐会被取消,在妈妈的建议下,作者去马车之家庄园演奏,为孤独的老人带来欢乐。 1.A　句意:所以当音乐演奏会被取消时,我很失望。根据“...I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already 　　　my best music.”以及最后一段中“Calling off the recital was a blessing”可知,作者期待已久的音乐演奏会被取消。  2.B　句意:我期待了很久,已经准备好了我最好的乐曲。根据“So when the recital (音乐演奏会) was 　　　, I was disappointed.”可知,作者为音乐演奏会准备好了最好的乐曲。   3.B　根据上文“I was disappointed”可知,妈妈把令人失望的事变成有意义的事情。letdown意为“令人失望的事”。 4.C　根据下文可知,妈妈建议作者去马车之家庄园去表演准备好的乐曲。 5.A　此处表示:我相信那里的老年人一定会欣赏这些音乐的。根据“Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray⁃haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the 　　　.”可知,马车之家庄园里住着老人。   6.A　句意:对我来说,这是一个双赢的局面,因为我不仅会演奏更多的乐曲,而且我有机会让这里的居民,包括一些不幸没有了家人的居民,高兴起来。根据“this was a win⁃win situation”和“some of whom tragically didn't have families”可知,作者可以通过演奏乐曲让居民高兴起来。 cheer up意为“使人高兴、振作”。 7.C　根据语境可知,作者期待已久的演奏的那一天终于到来了。 8.C　句意:走进用餐区,我看到几个头发花白的人似乎在享受晚餐和陪伴。根据“I saw several gray⁃haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner”可知,作者准备演奏时,恰好是老人在享受晚餐和陪伴的时间。 9.D　句意:尽管餐桌上的谈话不断,但孤独仍像乌云一样笼罩着房间。根据“some of whom tragically didn't have families”可知,其中一些人失去了家庭成员,所以很孤独。结合语境可知,老人们正在交谈,此时正有人陪伴,似乎不会孤独,但Despite暗示情况恰好相反,老人们依然笼罩在孤独氛围中。 10.B　句意:但当我继续演奏时,我的紧张感慢慢消失了。根据“After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach.”可知,作者刚开始演奏时很紧张。butterflies in one's stomach意为“心里紧张”。 11.C　句意:一名女子站起来,开始随着音乐的节拍欢快地在房间里跳舞,其他人打着响指。根据“One woman got up”及语境可知,这位女子站起来随着音乐的节拍跳舞。 12.D　根据“I was 　　　to see how music brought big smiles to their faces.”及语境可知,女子随着音乐的节拍跳舞。   13.D　句意:我很惊讶地看到音乐是如何让他们的脸上绽放笑容的。根据上文可知,作者看到他们的脸上绽放笑容很惊讶。 14.D　句意:取消演奏会是一件好事,因为它让我们把音乐作为礼物分享给最需要它的人。根据文意可知,音乐会取消后,作者获得了让更有需要的人聆听音乐的机会。 15.B　句意:只要有可能,就去传播善意。根据“whenever possible”和文章主旨可知,作者建议:无论什么时候,只要有可能,就去传播善意。 四 　　Last week, Tom and his mom went to a restaurant to celebrate his fifth birthday. When he and his mom were talking there, a waitress　1　 curiously from a distance. Eventually, the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her little boy who also had 　2　 aids in his ears.   When the waitress　3　 that it was Tom's birthday, she decided to give the boy a special gift.  She went to the Internet and　4　 how to say “happy birthday” in sign language. She quickly got all the rules down. Then, she went up to Tom's table and　5　 to him, “Happy birthday to you!” Tom and his mom were really 　6　.   Later, Tom's mom said this was the first time he had　7　 in sign language with people other than her and his teacher. It was a simple phrase 　8　 it was an important gift for Tom.  She added that the 　9　 from the waitress made her very moved. “Thanks to the 　10　 waitress, his fifth birthday is one that we will 　11　 for a lifetime,” the mom said. “My boy was always worried that he would appear very 　12　 when he was talking in sign language. Today, he saw that someone 　13　 tried to talk to him in his 　14　language. It's very 　15　 for him.”  1.A.commented　　 B.sang　　 C.concluded　　 D.watched 2.A.walking　　 B.reading　　 C.hearing　　 D.speaking 3.A.admitted　　 B.learned　　 C.expected　　 D.imagined 4.A.adjusted to　　 B.looked up　　 C.reflected on　　 D.went with 5.A.signed　　 B.pretended　　 C.shouted　　 D.whispered 6.A.frightened　　 B.hurt　　 C.confused　　 D.impressed 7.A.studied　　 B.taught　　 C.talked　　 D.settled 8.A.and　　 B.so　　 C.or　　 D.but 9.A.gift　　 B.apology　　 C.benefit　　 D.explanation 10.A.silly　　 B.impatient　　 C.kind　　 D.clever 11.A.work　　 B.celebrate　　 C.enjoy　 D.remember 12.A.noisy　　 B.funny　　 C.cool　　 D.excited 13.A.angrily　　 B.actually　　 C.shyly　　 D.casually 14.A.special　　 B.formal　　 C.secret　　 D.official 15.A.difficult　　 B.free　　 C.important　　 D.useless [语篇解读] 语篇类型:记叙文。 主题语境:人与社会。 主旨:一位好心的餐馆服务员为了给有听力障碍的小Tom一个特殊的生日祝福而临时学习手语。 1.D　在Tom和母亲用手语交谈时,有位服务员在远处好奇地观察(watched)。 2.C　根据“the waitress realized that the mom was talking in sign language to her little boy”可知,Tom不能用正常的语言交流,耳朵里戴有助听器(hearing aid)。 3.B　根据“that it was Tom's birthday”可知,女服务员了解到(learned)那天是Tom的生日。 4.B　句意:她上网查找如何用手语说“生日快乐”。根据“She went to the Internet”可知,她在网上查找(looked up)如何用手语说“生日快乐”。 5.A　根据“how to say ‘happy birthday’ in sign language”可知,女服务员来到Tom的桌前用手语说(signed):“祝你生日快乐!” 6.D　根据“Later, Tom's mom said this was the first time he had 　　　in sign language with people other than her and his teacher.”可知,女服务员用手语祝福Tom生日快乐的行为让Tom和妈妈对此印象深刻(impressed)。  7.C　根据“in sign language with people”可知,此处表示用手语与他人交流(talked)。 8.D　句意:这是一个简单的短语,但它是给Tom的一个重要的礼物。上下文形成转折关系,需要用but连接。 9.A　句意:她补充说,女服务员送的礼物让她非常感动。根据“it was an important gift for Tom”可知,此处是信息词gift的复现。 10.C　句意:这位母亲说:“多亏了那位好心的(kind)女服务员,他的五岁生日将是我们一辈子都会记得的生日。”根据上文“Then, she went up to Tom's table and 　　　to him, ‘Happy birthday to you!’”可知,这位母亲觉得女服务员是很善良的。   11.D　根据“She added that the 　　　from the waitress made her very moved.”和“for a lifetime”可知,他的五岁生日将是一辈子都会记得(remember)的。   12.B　根据“My boy was always worried”和“when he was talking in sign language”可推测,Tom担心自己用手语说话时,会显得很滑稽(funny)。 13.B　根据“Then, she went up to Tom's table and 　　　to him, ‘Happy birthday to you!’”可知,此处表示他看到有人真的(actually)试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。  14.A　根据常识可知,他使用的手语是特殊的(special)语言。 15.C　根据“he saw that someone 　　　tried to talk to him in his 　　　language”可知,他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话,这一点对他而言尤其重要(important)。   原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$