07.必修第二册Unit 1-2025年高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019)

人教版2019必修第二册 Unit 1 Ⅰ. 重点词汇 1. balance n. 平衡; 均匀 vt. 使平衡 【教材原句】 Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. (P4)在进步和文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。 【词块必记】 (1)keep one’s balance 　　　 保持平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡 (2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B (3)balanced adj. 平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Before making the final decision, you’d better balance the advantages _______ the disadvantages. ②You’d better keep a ________ (balance) diet for the benefit of your health. 完成句子 ③When he first learned to skate, he didn’t know how to ______________and ______________constantly. But now he has learned to ___________ ________ while skating. 在他最初学习滑冰时, 他不知道如何使自己保持平衡, 经常失去平衡。可是, 现在他已经学会了滑冰时使自己保持平衡。  against balanced balance himself lost his balance keep himself balanced 2. likely adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地 【典型例句】 Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 来自大坝的水可能会损坏许多庙宇和毁坏文化遗产, 它们是埃及文化遗产中重要的一部分。 【词块必记】 (1) sb. /sth. be likely to do sth. 　 很可能…… =It’s likely that sb. /sth. . . . 很可能…… (2) unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 be unlikely to. . . 不可能…… 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①I have learned that Mr Brown disagrees with you. Your suggestion is _______ (like) to be accepted under present condition. ②If you grow up in a large family, you are more______ (like) to develop the ability to get on well with others. unlikely likely 【典型例句】 It is likely that you make your friends feel embarrassed if you don’t know China’s table manners. 如果你不懂中国的餐桌礼仪你有可能使你的朋友感到尴尬。 3. limit n. 限度; 限制 vt. 限制; 限定 【典型例句】 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so. 文章的长度大约限制在400词。 【词块必记】 (1) limit. . . to. . . 　　　　　 把……限制在……内 (2)beyond the limit 超过限度 set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的 (3) limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限的 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ① There is a limit to one’s life, but no limit to _______ (serve) the people. ② I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit __ what I can do. ③He was born in a poor family, and only received _______ (limit) education in his childhood. serving to limited 【典型例句】 They were more likely to break the speed limit and be at the risk of getting fined. 他们很可能打破速度限制并有被罚款的风险。 4. attempt n. &vt. 企图; 试图; 尝试 【典型例句】 Personally speaking, parents are making an attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require. 就我个人而言, 父母们正试图通过给孩子要的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。 【词块必记】 (1) make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 　 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ① He attempted __________(compete) for the position of chairman of the Students’ Union.   ② It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at _________ (explain) climate change. to compete explaining 句式升级(with复合结构改写) ③ Every international student attempted to make their own tea. Soon the tea room became lively. → Soon the tea room became lively with every international student __________ ___________________.   attempting to make their own tea 5. forgive vt. &vi. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅; 宽恕 【典型例句】 Please forgive me for my being unable to keep you company to the bookstore. 请原谅我没能陪伴你去书店。 【词块必记】 (1) forgive me　　　　　　 请原谅; 对不起 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了) 某事 (2) forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌 【知识微练】 句式升级 Excuse me for having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness. →_____________having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness. (用forgive改写)  Forgive me for Ⅱ. 核心短语 6. lead to 导致 【典型例句】 As we all know, all roads lead to Rome. 众所周知, 条条大路通罗马。 【词块必记】 (1) lead to中的to 为介词, 后接名词, 代词。 (2) lead sb. to do sth. 　　　　 使某人做某事 lead sb. to/into someplace 带领某人进入某地 lead/live a. . . life 过……样的生活 lead the way 引路; 带路 【知识拓展】 表示“导致”的常用表达还有: cause, result in, contribute to, bring about。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s ___________(catch).   ② He led me _________(believe) that he had a lot of influence.   完成句子 ③As we all know, success lies in hard work _________________________.   众所周知, 成功在于努力, 然而懒惰导致失败。 ④I hold the firm belief that all these measures will _________________________ __________.   我坚信这些措施会极大改善他们的生活。 being caught to believe while laziness leads to failure lead to a great improvement in their life 7. turn to向……求助 【典型例句】 Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble. 在你遇到困难时请求助于警察。 【词块必记】 turn down　　　　　　 关小; 拒绝 turn away 拒绝……入内; 把……打发走 turn up 出现; 露面; 调大 turn out 证明是; 结果是; 出席 turn over 翻转; 翻身; 移交 【知识微练】 写出黑体部分的含义 ①After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. ( ) ②The meeting has already begun, but the chairman hasn’t turned up yet. ( ) ③Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left. ( ) ④She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. ( ) 开始从事 出现 转向 拒绝 Ⅲ. 经典句式 8. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.   新旧更替的时代已经到来, 在走向未来的过程中, 我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。 【典型例句】 ①Then came the moment we had been looking forward to. 我们一直盼望的时刻来了。 ②Just in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1, 000 years. 就在我们的房子前面, 有一棵一千年历史的大树。 【句型公式】 倒装句 全部倒装主要分三种情况 ①表示方位或时间的副词 (如here, there, now, then, in, out 等)位于句首作状语, 谓语动词为go, come等表示位移的动态动词时, 通常用全部倒装; ②表示方位的介词短语位于句首时, 通常用全部倒装; ③在主系表结构的句子中, 出于强调的目的, 把表语提前, 则构成全部倒装。 【知识微练】 完成句子 ①______________________that Dolly had become seriously ill.   接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 ②____________________the musical and theatrical groups.   特别受欢迎的是音乐组和戏剧组。 ③In a lecture hall of a university in England _____________.   英国一所大学的讲座大厅里坐着一位教授。 Then came the bad news Especially popular are sits a professor 【典型例句】 There comes a time when one must be responsible for his/her mistakes. 到了一个人必须要为自己所犯的错负责的时候了。 【知识补充】 1. worthwhile adj. 值得做的; 值得花时间的 【典型例句】 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 要使你的英国之行愉快且值得, 你就必须留心观察。 【词块必记】 (1) It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 　　 值得做某事 (2) be (well) worth doing …… (非常) 值得被做 be worth+n. 值得……; 值…… 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is worth ___________ (experience). ②As far as I am concerned, the short English film—Growing Together is well worthy ____________(watch).   experiencing to be watched 完成句子 ③____________________________to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.   努力提高公众的环保意识是非常值得的。 It is well worth making an effort 2. donate. . . to. . . 向……捐赠…… 【教材原句】 Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. (P4)50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8 000万美元。 【词块必记】 (1) donate. . . to. . . 　　　　 把……捐赠给…… donate. . . to do sth. 捐赠/捐献……做某事 (2) donation n. 捐赠; 捐献 make a donation to. . . 向……捐赠 (3) donator n. 捐赠者 【知识微练】 完成句子 ① Given the chance, I would ________________those who still live under the bottom line of the modern living condition.   若有机会, 我会向那些仍生活在现代生活标准之下的人捐款。 ②Now I am writing an e-mail to tell you something about ________________.   现在我正在给你写邮件, 告诉你关于我们捐赠的书的事。 ③ The old man _______________________________.   这位老人向这所学校捐赠了大量金钱。 make donations to our donated books donated a lot of money to the school 3. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.   这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路, 而且意识到了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。 【典型例句】 The smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health. 智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间, 而且对我们的身体健康有很大危害。 【句型公式】 (1)not only. . . but also用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分, 着重强调后者, 意为 “不仅……而且……”; 其中的also有时可以省略。 (2)若连接两个句子, 且 not only 位于句首时, not only 后面的句子要用部分倒装。 (3)若连接的两个成分作主语, 其谓语的单复数通常与靠近的主语保持一致。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Not only ____ he plan to find 40 twins before his 40th birthday but also he intends to write a book according to his experience. ②Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___ (be) tired of having the exam one after another. does are 【典型例句】 Not only did I appreciate lots of beautiful scenery during this journey, but also I learned a lot about the customs of the places I travelled to. 在这次旅行中, 我不仅欣赏了许多美丽的风景, 还了解了很多我所去的地方的风俗习惯。 附1： Ⅰ. 话题词汇 1. civilization文明 2. traditional传统的 3. unique独特的 4. date back to追溯到 5. pass down传递 6. the symbol of……的象征 7. take effective measures采取有效的措施 8. with the help of在……帮助下 9. think highly of对……评价高 10. make great contributions to对……做出巨大的贡献 11. have a great effect/influence/impact on 对……有大的影响 12. lists of World Heritage世界遗产名录 Ⅱ. 话题句式 1. Cultural relics represent historic cultures. 文化遗产代表了历史文化。 2. Cultural heritage is a symbol of great ancient civilization. 文化遗迹是伟大文明的象征。 3. I believe we can certainly protect cultural heritage well with the public and the government working together. 我相信, 由于公众和政府的共同努力, 我们一定能够保护好文化遗产。 4. It’s reported that in this country among the people who suffered from COVID-19 there were more than three times as many the old people as the young. 据报道, 在这个国家里患新型冠状病毒肺炎的人中, 老年人是年轻人的三倍多。 5. With their efforts, more and more people become concerned about protecting cultural relics. 在他们的努力下, 越来越多的人关心文化遗产的保护。 聆听经典·话题热身 【英语歌词】 Sailing《航行》是Rod Stewart演唱的一首歌曲。这首歌也是《哥伦布传》的主题曲。Sailing这首歌, 朴实无华、意境悠远, 既有心情的宣泄, 又带点淡淡的忧伤, 透出一股苍茫, 给人以力量。  附2： 注: 听音填空 Sailing I am sailing I am sailing Home again ’ ①___________. I am sailing stormy waters. To be near you To be free I am flying I am flying Like a bird ’ cross the sky cross the sea I am flying passing ②__________ To be near you To be free Can you hear me Can you hear me Through ③_____________________ I am dying Forever crying To be with you Who can say Can you hear me Can you hear me Through the dark night far away I am dying Forever crying high clouds the dark night far away To be with you Who can say? We are sailing We are sailing Home again ’ cross the sea We are sailing stormy waters To be near you To be free Oh Lord To be near you To be free Oh Lord To be near you To be free Oh Lord To be near you To be free Oh Lord 【词汇补充】 1. stormy adj. 有暴风雨的 2. forever adv. 永远 3. Lord n. 上帝 译文: 《航行》 我在航行 我在航行 跨越海洋 再次归家 我在暴风雨中航行 向你靠近 获得自由 我在飞翔 我在飞翔 像只鸟儿 飞越天空 我在高空的白云中穿越飞翔 向你靠近 获得自由 你可听到我的心声 你可听到我的心声 夜空茫茫, 远隔万里 我将死去 永远哭泣 与你相伴 其中甘苦谁能说 你可听到我的心声 你可听到我的心声 夜空茫茫, 远隔万里 我将死去 永远哭泣 与你相伴 其中甘苦谁能说 我们在航行 我们在航行 跨越海洋 再次归家 我们在暴风雨中航行 向你靠近 获得自由 哦, 上帝 向你靠近 获得自由 哦, 上帝 向你靠近 获得自由 哦, 上帝 向你靠近 获得自由 哦, 上帝 词汇 清单 核心短语 重点句式 认知词汇：download, republic, pyramid, process, overseas, exit, sheet, parade, mirror, roof, dragon,digital, image, cave, throughout, quote, paraphrase,contrast, forever 拓展词汇：professional→ profession→ professor;archaeologist→ archaeology→ archaeological→ archaeologically;entrance→ enter;tradition→traditional→ traditionally; further→ far→ furthest(far→ farther→ farthest) historic→ history→ historical; comparison→ compare; identify→identification → identity 应用词汇：1.forgive: forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 2. quality: of good/high quality; in quality 3. opinion: in one’s opinion; have an opinion on 4. comparison: by comparison; in comparison with; compare… with…; compare…to… all over the world Today, the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. (as… as…） $$2025高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019) 必修第二册Unit 1 I.词汇默写 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. ____________ vt. 保存; 保护; 维持n. 保护区 2. ____________ n. 抗议vi. & vt. 反对; 抗议 3. ____________ vt. 建立; 创立 4. ____________ vt. 捐款; 捐赠 5. ____________ vt. 阻止; 阻碍; 阻挠 6. ____________ n. 重要议题vt. 宣布; 公布 7. ____________ adj. 值得做的; 值得花时间的 8. ____________ vi. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡 9. ____________ vi. & vt. 原谅; 宽恕 10. ____________ vt. 确认; 认出; 找到 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. creative adj. 创造性的; 有创造力的→____________ vt. 创造, 创作→____________ n. 创造→____________ adv. 创造性地 2. promote vt. 促进; 提升; 推销; 晋级→____________ n. 提升; 晋升; 推销 3. application n. 申请; 运用→____________ v. 申请; 应用 4. balance n. 平衡vt. 使平衡→____________ adj. 平衡的 5. proposal n. 提议; 建议→____________ v. 建议 6. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地→____________ adj. 不可能的 adv. 未必 7. prevent vt. 阻止; 阻碍→____________ n. 预防; 阻止 8. loss n. 丧失; 损失→lose vt. 遗失→____________ adj. 迷路的 9. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→____________ vi. &vt. 捐献; 捐助 10. investigate vt. 调查; 研究→____________ n. 调查 III.核心短语 1. ____________　　 参与(某事); 参加(某活动)  2. ____________ 让步; 屈服  3. ____________ 保持平衡  4. ____________ 导致  5. ____________ 提出建议  6. ____________ 向……求助  7. ____________ 阻止; 不准 8. ____________ 向……捐赠…… 9. ____________ 确保; 设法保证  10. ____________ 在世界各地  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: a time when. . . 一个……的时代 _______________________________________(新旧更替的时代到来), and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.   2. 句型公式: not only. . . but also. . . 不但……而且…… _______________________________________ (这些国家不仅找到了一条通向未来的道路) that did not run over the relics of the past, _______________________________________ (而且明白了) it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.   3. 句型公式: It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事 How long did _______________________________________(完成这个项目花了多少时间)?   4. 句型公式: as. . . as. . . 和……一样…… Today, the caves are just _______________________________________ (和……一样国际化) they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.   参考答案 Ⅰ. 1. preserve vt. 保存; 保护; 维持n. 保护区 2. protest n. 抗议vi. & vt. 反对; 抗议 3. establish vt. 建立; 创立 4. donate vt. 捐款; 捐赠 5. prevent vt. 阻止; 阻碍; 阻挠 6. issue n. 重要议题vt. 宣布; 公布 7. worthwhile adj. 值得做的; 值得花时间的 8. disappear vi. 消失; 灭绝; 消亡 9. forgive vi. & vt. 原谅; 宽恕 10. identify vt. 确认; 认出; 找到 Ⅱ. 1. creative adj. 创造性的; 有创造力的→create vt. 创造, 创作→creation n. 创造→creatively adv. 创造性地 2. promote vt. 促进; 提升; 推销; 晋级→promotion n. 提升; 晋升; 推销 3. application n. 申请; 运用→apply v. 申请; 应用 4. balance n. 平衡vt. 使平衡→balanced adj. 平衡的 5. proposal n. 提议; 建议→propose v. 建议 6. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地→unlikely adj. 不可能的 adv. 未必 7. prevent vt. 阻止; 阻碍→prevention n. 预防; 阻止 8. loss n. 丧失; 损失→lose vt. 遗失→lost adj. 迷路的 9. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→contribute vi. &vt. 捐献; 捐助 10. investigate vt. 调查; 研究→investigation n. 调查 III.1. take part in　　 参与(某事); 参加(某活动)  2. give way to 让步; 屈服  3. keep balance 保持平衡  4. lead to 导致  5. make a proposal 提出建议  6. turn to 向……求助  7. prevent. . . from. . . 阻止; 不准 8. donate. . . to. . . 向……捐赠…… 9. make sure 确保; 设法保证  10. all over the world 在世界各地  IV.1. 句型公式: a time when. . . 一个……的时代 There comes a time when the old must give way to the new(新旧更替的时代到来), and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.   2. 句型公式: not only. . . but also. . . 不但……而且…… Not only had the countries found a path to the future (这些国家不仅找到了一条通向未来的道路) that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that (而且明白了) it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.   3. 句型公式: It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事 How long did it take to complete the project(完成这个项目花了多少时间)?   4. 句型公式: as. . . as. . . 和……一样…… Today, the caves are just as international as (和……一样国际化) they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.   II.综合练习 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1. A rainstorm hit the southeastern part of China, causing severe damage crops. 2. Without passion, people won’t have the (motivate) or the joy necessary for creative thinking. 3. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks tiny creature lived. 4. We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills can be used for either good or bad purposes. 5. They’ll very likely ask an increase in the budget. 6. Don’t trust such people praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back. 7. They have made outstanding (contribute) to the nation’s construction and development. 8. Those who have made great __________ (contribute) to human beings and society will never be forgotten. 9. The boy father is a teacher is very clever. 10. The buildings in the Forbidden City are all covered with yellow glazed tile (琉璃瓦) (roof) with red columns and high walls beneath, symbolizing the noble status of the royal family. 11. The little girl finally realized her ambition of becoming a (profession) singer. 12. After school, there were many clubs to join. The one attracted me most was the Rugby Club. 13. Most IT (department) do not have effective communication and marketing programs. 14. It’s said that he’s looking for a new job, one he can get more money to support his family. 15. It is so brave him to save the children from the fire. 16. In most cases, college graduates don't mind what job they will do so long as it is one they can earn money to support themselves. 17. I made a proposal that he (send) to hospital at once. 18. It is hard to defeat a person never gives up. 19. He was awarded a prize for his contribution to (protect) the environment. 20. Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their (contribute) to the theater. 21. Etosha is one of the world’s greatest wildlife (preserve). 22. Mike did not do it on purpose, so his mistake may (forgive) by his friends. 23. Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, days are limited,is full of difficulties. 24. He is the most boring speaker I have ever heard. 25. As the whirlpool became less wild, the waves soon carried me to an area the other fishermen stayed. 26. I would like to respect for the (contribute) they make. 27. I can think of many cases students know a lot of words but still fail to write a good essay. 28. The majority of the representatives didn’t a of that project, thinking it would certainly destroy the forest. 29. I found it very refreshing to e ideas with your father --- he has some very original views on how to deal with modern industrial pollution. 30. The festival was a great success, and p are underway for another one next summer. 31. Jack felt rather disappointed when he failed to have the most c job in the company. 32. Mother Theresa’s whole life was d to caring for the sick and needy. 33. The club is open to public, especially for t and people in their early twenties. 34. Mike really thought they d a long holiday after such a tough job. 35. Parents should pay attention to the cases their children have difficulty adapting to new surroundings. 36. A housing bubble is an economic situation occurs when house prices rise much too fast. 37. is recorded in the history book, Diaoyu Island has belonged to China since ancient times. 38. The book was written in 1946, since the education system has witnessed great changes. 39. When deeply absorbed in work, he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. 40. I wish to thank Professor Li, without help I would never have got this far. 41. Please refer to the attachments which include the form and resume.(apply) 42. I have many friends to I am going to send postcards. 43. The local government doesn’t have to sacrifice environmental protection (promote) economic growth. 44. He was at a great (lose), wondering where his future was. 45. This is the house window broke last night. 46. The reason he did it is not clear. 47. However bad a situation may be, you must never give hope. 48. Go straight and turn right; the entrance the garage is at the back of the house. 49. I’ll never forget the day I first met great inventor. 50. It is his duty to conduct the visitors   the whole park. 51. In the international business, there is always a great need for (create) talents. 52. We should do all is useful to people. 53. The number of people own cars is increasing. 54. The exhibit also includes an interactive, immersive unit visitors may click a mouse or use their fingers on a touch screen to change digital versions of the artwork. 55. The residents, all of homes had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. 56. He couldn’t earn a living as a novelist, so he turned journalism. 57. I’m deeply impressed by the professors and labs I visited in Nanjing University. 58. The houses fell into disrepair but a group of preservationists have reconstructed the (roof). 59. The village has developed a lot we learned farming two years ago. 60. Bamboo shoots, a root vegetable with few calories but lots of fiber, are widely harvested and eaten in Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces the climate is ideal for bamboo growth. 61. People oppose cloning also reject the use of animals as research tools. 62. Reading magazines as a way of learning about a foreign country has several (limit). 63. He will share his (profession) knowledge of hair-care. 64. You shall never (forgive) if you hurt her like that. 65. Breathwork is thought to influence the vagus nerve, which stretches from the brain to the gut and makes up the majority of is known as the parasympathetic nervous system. 66. It was a time I didn’t understand what death meant. 67. The workers finished the construction of the highway in the mountains only in two years, surprised the whole nation. 68. The stories about this secret person, of this is one example, are widely spread among people. 69. It is necessary to keep a diary of the things and people are of great help to us in our life. 70. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place you can sit down to rest your aching legs. 71. I still don’t know the reason the sports meeting has been put off. 72. I still remember the days my son spent doing a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross. 73. There is an old man wants to see you at the school gate. 74. Mr. John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China. 75. This is one of the best films that (show) this year. 76. He talked a lot about things and persons he remembered in the school. 77. The careless driver knocked down the old man was crossing the road. 78. The visitors saw rows of houses the roofs are red. 79. Is this the factory   many workers are working hard in? 80. We’re in a stage   it’s still too early to say who will win the most votes and become the new president. 81. Parents can programme the machine to turn at certain times in the morning so that it can help them wake up their children. 82. Deeply impressed by your (profession) knowledge of the differences between American English and British English, I am writing to invite you to deliver a speech about it. 83. There is no limit the goodness of life. 84. Water from the dam would (like) damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 85. The attractive house window faces east is my parents’. 86. China is willing to make new positive to realizing regional peace.(contribute) 87. Sun cream can prevent us being sunburnt. 88. The first English novel I read was Gone With Wind. 89. The invention would have a wide range of (apply) in industry. 90. —Where did you learn farming? —It was on the farm we worked on last year. 91. The players conducted (they)perfectly, both on and off the field. 92. He made contact someone can repair copiers. 93. Obviously, he’s marrying a girl family don’t seem to like him at all. 94. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin covered the skin. 95. We still remember the time we started the program. 96. All the information was then ready (process) into film negatives. 97. Which is the clock (which/that) was made in France in the 18th century? 98. Scientist have searched for a long time for a reason so many bees are disappearing. 99. What he did made others laugh at him, which made it hard for him to become (establish) in the organisation. 100. I’m writing to tell you about the debate on whether we should spend time and energy on (archaeologist) work. 101. The house they built in 1937 is still in very good condition. 102. (create) thinking is the soul and the core of human being’s creation activities. 103. I have found the very shop has everything we need. 104. Those learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. 105. She took photographs of the things and people   she was interested in. 106. Their lack of exercise led overweight. 107. What Jimmy did was an unbelievable achievement and I’m also proud the things I have done for him. 二、语法填空 1 A few days ago some of the world’s most famous musicians gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first International Jazz Day. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day 108 (raise) awareness (认识) of jazz music and its importance across 109 (culture). 110 (actual) in America the jazz audience continues to decrease and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic 111 (advise) for jazz, Moran hopes to help more people appreciate jazz and preserve its history and culture. Moran says one of the problems 112 jazz today is that the music can’t entertain people. In his opinion, the music can’t 113 (present) today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not 114 same. Last year, Moran 115 (arrange) Fats Waller’s music, 116 was generally considered to be concert music, for a dance party. What he wants is that people understand how we humans talk about 117 (we) through music and how music gets us into a dialog about our emotions and our thoughts. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填从个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have 118 (wild) different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by some acquaintance (熟人), we all know that a nod is acceptable and 119 shaking with someone you first meet is a polite act. But in Latin countries, a strong handshake must 120 (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius (毛里求斯), when people meet, they usually kiss each other on the cheeks. This is also common in France, where the act is called faire la bise (贴面礼).However, this is not 121 universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that my behavior was not correct, 122 (cause) me in great embarrassment. 123 is common for friends to hug each other in the USA— something I 124 (be) never used to before. Hugs always make me 125 (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing strangers is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well.A greeting code 126 (accept) widely by most of people is always enjoyable. We should start doing that, and we can surely do something to stop us from being laughed 127 . 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Qatar 2022 World Cup 128 (begin) on November 20 is the 22nd edition of the competition and the first winter edition in the history of the competition. There are thirty-two teams joining in it. The Qatar World Cup is the first competition 129 (play) in the Arab world. Qatar was awarded hosting rights for football’s showpiece tournament 12 years ago. The Official Mascot (吉祥物) for the Qatar World Cup 130 (call) La’eeb, in the form of a traditional keffiyeh headdress, but with eyebrows, eyes and mouth, and a lively, 131 (outgo) personality. His name, La’eeb, 132 (mean) super-skilled player in Arabic, and according to FIFA, he encourages everyone to believe in 133 (they), and he can bring the joy of football to everyone. Soccer’s governing body’s goal with the mascot is to appeal to audiences of all 134 (age). The official song of Qatar World Cup is “Hayya Hayya”, 135 means “Better together”.It is performed by Cardona, 136 American singer, Davido, a Nigerian singer and Aisha, a Qatari artist. 137 bringing together voices from the Americas, Africa and the Middle East, this song shows how music and football can unite the world. 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. The Chinese archaeologist 138 has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province 139 (know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field, though “protector is probably a more fitting 140 (describe). Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s, first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University, then as a conservationist when she 141 (become) the deputy director of the Dunhunag Research Academy in 1984, which serves to prevent the ancient site from 142 (destroy). “It is over a thousand years old. It is an old person, an 143 (extreme) weak old person. It has 144 (variety) illness. If you are a little careless, it could be gone. Gone forever,” Fan says. Today, thanks 145 the work of great archaeologists such as Fan, Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-reserved collection of Buddhist relics 146 (date) from the fifth to the 13th centuries. The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across a 1,700.metre-wide cliff face, containing 45,000 square metres of murals (壁画) 147 more than 2,000 colorful sculptures (雕塑). 5 A group of students from England have come to the Zhoukoudian caves 148 a visit. There was 149 archaeologist showing them round. The archaeologists have been excavating there for many years. After 150 (find) human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects, they think it is reasonable 151 (assume) these humans lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. They have discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 152 they made fires, which could make them warm, and help them cook and scare wild beasts away. There some students found a needle and felt 153 (confuse). The archaeologist explained that they had found some evidence that suggested that those ancestors 154 (wear) clothes made from animal skins. The archaeologist also showed the students a primitive necklace preserved 155 (extreme) well. Indeed, as the botanical 156 (analysis) have shown them, all the fields around there used to be part of a large shallow lake. And he also explained how the seashells got there-perhaps there was trade between early peoples 157 they travelled to the seaside on their journeys. From this travel, these students learned a lot and had a good time. 参考答案 1. to 【解析】考查介词。句意：一场暴雨袭击了中国东南部，对农作物造成严重破坏。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用固定搭配cause damage to“给……造成破坏”，to是介词。故填to。 2. motivation 【解析】考查名词。句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创造性思维所必需的动力和快乐。根据上文the可知，应填名词motivation“动力”。故填motivation。 3. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：例如，一条污浊的小溪，在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，通常会变得清澈。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，rocks是先行词，从句中缺少地点状语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 4. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们更喜欢将情商描述为一系列既可从善也可为恶的特定技巧。设空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为skills（指物），其前无特殊修饰词，使用that或which引导。故填that/which。 5. for 【解析】考查介词。句意：他们很可能会要求增加预算。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是动词短语ask for“请求，要求”。故填for。 6. as 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不要相信那种当面称赞你背后又说你坏话的人。分析句意可知，“ 　 praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back”是定语从句，修饰先行词people，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词，又因先行词前有限定词such修饰，所以只能使用关系代词as引导该定语从句；such...as...也是固定搭配，意为“像……这样的……”。故填as。 7. contributions 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们为国家的建设和发展做出了杰出的贡献。结合空前的形容词outstanding可知，空处应填名词形式作made的宾语，contribution贡献，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，make contributions to为……做贡献。故填contributions。 8. contributions 【解析】考查名词。句意：那些为人类和社会做出巨大贡献的人永远不会被忘记。空处应填名词作宾语，contribution贡献，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填contributions。 9. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：父亲是老师的那个男孩很聪明。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，先行词在定语从句中作定语，与father构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 10. roofs 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：紫禁城的所有建筑都覆盖着黄色的琉璃瓦屋顶，下面是红色的柱子和高高的墙壁，象征着皇室的高贵地位。“yellow glaxed tile”作定语，设空处为名词，作介词with宾语；roof“屋顶”为可数名词，根据“The buildings”可知，应用名词复数形式。故填roofs。 11. professional 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个小女孩终于实现了成为职业歌手的愿望。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词singer，professional职业的，专业的，形容词。故填professional。 12. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：放学后，有很多俱乐部可以参加。最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the one，在从句作主语，指物，只能用that引导。故填that。 13. departments 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：大多数IT部门没有有效的沟通和营销计划。句子助动词为do，故主语为名词复数，故填departments。 14. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：据说他正在找一份新工作，一份能挣更多钱养家的工作。句中先行词为代词one，代指前面名词job，在定语从句中作抽象的地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。根据句意，故填where。 15. of 【解析】考查固定句型和介词。句意：他从火中救出孩子们真是太勇敢了。此句为固定句型“It is+adj.+of sb to do sth.”意为“某人做某事是……的”，句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式（短语）；在这一句式中，形容词表示人的品质、性格等，用于对某人的行为发表看法。brave表示人的品质，在该句中描述“他（him）”救人所展现出来的品质；由此可知，设空处应填介词of。故填of。 16. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在大多数情况下，大学毕业生不在乎他们将做什么工作，只要是一个能挣钱养活自己的工作就行。考查定语从句，先行词为one,即a job，在从句中作地点状语。故用where。 17. should be sent/ be sent 【解析】考查语态和虚拟语气。句意：我建议马上送他去医院。分析句子可知，设空处是同位语从句的谓语部分，动词send和主语he之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态be sent，因为从句前面有名词proposal，同位语从句应使用虚拟语气，should+动词原形，should可以省略。故填should be sent/be sent。 18. who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：打败一个永不放弃的人是很难的。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a person，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 19. protecting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他因对保护环境的贡献而获奖。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动名词形式，作介词to的宾语。故填protecting。 20. contributions 【解析】考查名词。句意：保罗·格林、苏珊·格拉斯贝尔、麦克斯韦尔·安德森、桑顿·怀尔德、威廉·瑟罗扬和田纳西·威廉姆斯都曾因他们对戏剧的贡献而获得普利策奖。空处位于介词of后，应填所给词的名词形式，contribution“贡献”是可数名词，此处指多人的贡献，应用其复数形式。故填contributions。 21. preserves 【解析】考查固定用法。句意：Etosha是世界上最大的野生动物保护区之一。one of表示……之一，后跟名词复数形式。故填preserves。 22. be forgiven 【解析】考查语态。句意：Mike 不是故意的，所以他的错误可能会被他的朋友们原谅。主语his mistake和谓语动词forgive是被动关系，结合情态动词may可知，用情态动词的被动语态(may be done)。故填be forgiven。 23. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：就像海上航行一样，我们的人生旅程，日子有限，充满了困难。句中先行词为our life journey，在非限制性定语从句中作名词days的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 24. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他是我所听过的最无聊的演讲者。定语从句修饰先行词speaker，在从句中作主语，指人，且由最高级修饰只能用that。故填that。 25. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当漩涡变得不那么狂暴时，波浪很快把我带到其他渔民停留的地方。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词area是地方，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。 26. contribution 【解析】考查名词。句意：我希望他们的贡献得到尊重。冠词修饰名词，contribute“贡献”是动词，名词形式是contribution，根据句意，此处用作单数，表示“他们做出的贡献”，故填contribution。 27. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我能想到很多例子，学生知道很多单词，但仍然写不出一篇好文章。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词cases为抽象地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 28. approve 29. exchange 30. preparations 31. challenging 32. devoted 33. teenagers 34. deserved 35. where 36. which/that 37. As 38. when 39. as 40. whose 【分析】考查各种词类的用法。 28. 考查动词。句意：大多数代表不赞成那个项目，认为它肯定会破坏森林。approve of赞成，同意，根据宾语that project，可知此处是用意为“同意”之意的单词。故填approve。 29. 考查动词。句意：我发现和你父亲交换意见很有新意——他对如何处理现代工业污染有一些非常独到的见解。exchange动词，意为“交换”，exchange sth. with sb.“和某人交换某物”，前有to，后接动词原形。故填exchange。 30. 考查名词。句意：这次音乐节非常成功，明年夏天的另一场音乐节也在筹备中。此处是名词做主语，且谓语动词是are，该用名词复数。故填preparations。 31. 考查形容词。句意：杰克没有得到公司里最具挑战性的工作，感到很失望。句中有the most可知后接形容词，修饰名词job，再结合句意，他没得到这份最有挑战性的工作感到沮丧。故填challenging。 32. 考查固定搭配。句意：德兰修女一生都致力于照顾病人和有需要的人。短语be devoted to“献身于，致力于”，to是介词，结合句意，可知此处是“致力于”之意。故填devoted。 33. 考查名词。句意：这个俱乐部对公众开放，特别是对青少年和二十出头的人。teenager“青少年”是可数名词，根据and连接的名词且用了复数people，可知此处也用名词复数。故填teenagers。 34. 考查动词。句意：迈克真的认为他们在干了这么艰苦的工作之后值得休个长假。这里表示是麦克认为休长假是应得的情况，deserve，动词，意为“应得，值得”，结合句意，时态是一般过去时。故填deserved。 35. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：父母应该注意这样的情况，孩子们对适应新的环境有困难。先行词是the cases，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故填where。 36. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：句意：房地产泡沫是一种经济形势，这种经济形势只有当房价上升太快的时候才会发生。这里situation为先行词，后面跟定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which/that充当主语。故填which/that。 37. 考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：历史书上记载，钓鱼岛自古以来就是中国的领土。as可以指代上一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，放在句首，表示“正如……”。故填As。 38. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：这本书写于1946年，从那时起，教育制度发生了巨大的变化。since表示时间，意为“自……以来”，常与完成时态搭配，since when引导定语从句时，从句谓语也要用完成时态，本句用了has witnessed。这里since when作为定语从句修饰1946年，表示教育制度发生的变化是一直持续到现在的事情。故填when。 39. 考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：当他像往常那样全神贯注地工作时，他就会把吃饭睡觉的事忘得一干二净。这里he often was是从句，关系代词as作从句的表语，先行项是deeply absorbed in work,且用as来连接，有比较的意义，意为“正如”。故填as。 40. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：我要感谢李教授，没有他的帮助，我不会有今天的成就。这里考查的是定语从句用whose+名词引导的用法。without“没有”，是介词，help“帮助”，名词，此处是指前面Professor Li的帮助。故填whose。 41. application 【解析】考查名词。句意：附件是申请表和简历，请查收。表示“申请表”为the application form，空处为名词作定语，修饰form。故填application。 42. whom 【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我有许多朋友，我打算给他们寄明信片。分析句子可知空格处缺少定语从句引导词，修饰先行词friends，放在介词to后作宾语，指人用whom引导。故填whom。 43. to promote 【解析】考查不定式。句意：地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。sacrifice environmental protection（牺牲环境保护）的目的是促进经济增长，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to promote。 44. loss 【解析】考查名词。句意：他茫然无措，不知自己的前途在何方。该空需要一个名词作介词宾语，所给词lose为动词，其名词拼写为loss，且固定短语at a loss意为“茫然，困惑”，符合语境。故填loss。 45. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是昨晚窗户破了的那所房子。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词house，且window和先行词house构成所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose表示“……的”。故填whose。 46. why 【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：他为什么做那件事的原因还不清楚。分析句子结构可知，该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词是The reason，关系词在从句中作状语，因此用why引导定语从句。故填why。 47. up 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：无论情况有多糟糕，你都不能放弃希望。根据句意“放弃”和空前的“give”可知，此处为动词短语give up。故填up。 48. to/of 【解析】考查介词。句意：直走然后右转；车库的入口在房子的后面。句中the entrance of/to为固定短语，意为“……的入口”用介词of/to。故填to/of。 49. when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我第一次见到伟大发明家的那一天。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为连词引导定语从句，先行词为day，先行词在从句中充当时间状语，因此需使用关系副词when，故填when。 50. around/round 【解析】考查介词。句意：带领游客游览整个公园是他的责任。conduct sb around/round 意为“带领……参观……”符合句意，故填around/round。 51. creative 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在国际商业中，总是对创新人才有很大的需求。修饰名词talents用形容词creative，意为“富创造力的，有创造力的”，作前置宾语。故填creative。 52. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们应该做所有对人民有用的事情。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词all，关系词在从句中作主语，只能使用关系代词that引导。故填that。 53. who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：拥有汽车的人数正在增加。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，从句缺少主语，可用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 54. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：展览还包括一个互动的沉浸式单元，游客可以在这里点击鼠标或用手指在触摸屏上更改艺术品的数字版本。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是unit，在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 55. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些居民的房屋都被洪水毁坏了，他们得到了红十字会的帮助。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词residents，从句homes缺少定语，故填whose。 56. to 【解析】考查介词。句意：作为小说家，他无法维持生计，所以他转向了新闻业。turn to意为“转向；求助于”，固定搭配，to为介词。故填to。 57. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我在南京大学参观的教授和实验室给我留下了深刻的印象。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the professors and labs，且关系词在从句中作宾语，当先行词为人和物，只能用that引导，故填that。 58. roofs 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：这些房子年久失修，但一群保护主义者重建了屋顶。根据上文The houses可知此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式。故填roofs。 59. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个村庄发展了很多，我们两年前在那里学了农业。先行词为village，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 60. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：竹笋是一种根部蔬菜，热量低，但纤维含量高，在气候适合竹子生长的浙江和四川，竹笋被广泛采收和食用。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词Zhejiang and Sichuan provinces，关系词词在从句中作状语表示地点，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 61. that/who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：反对克隆的人也拒绝使用动物作为研究工具。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是people，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that或who。 62. limitations 【解析】考查名词。句意：阅读杂志作为一种了解外国的方式有几个局限性。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处应用名词limitation，作宾语，由several修饰，应用复数形式。故填limitations。 63. professional 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他将分享他的专业护发知识。修饰名词knowledge，前用形容词professional作定语。故填professional。 64. be forgiven 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：如果你那样伤害她，她永远也不会原谅你。根据句意和所给动词forgive分析句子可知，句子的主语和动词forgive之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；再由句中的shall可知，shall后应该用动词原形。故填be forgiven。 65. what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：呼吸被认为会影响迷走神经，迷走神经从大脑延伸到肠道，构成了所谓的副交感神经的主要部分。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容作介词of的宾语，为宾语从句，同时空处在从句中作主语，表示“出名的东西”，所以用连接代词what，故填what。 66. when 【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：那时候我还不明白死亡意味着什么。分析可知，“I didn’t understand what death meant”为之前名词“a time”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应是关系副词when引导从句。故填when。 67. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：工人们仅用两年时间就在山里完成了高速公路的建设，这使全国为之震惊。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对前面主句的内容进行限定说明，该定语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替前面句子中所说的事在从句中作主语，所以应该用which。故填which。 68. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：关于这个神秘人物的故事在民间广为流传，这是其中的一个例子。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是stories，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 69. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：把生活中对我们有很大帮助的人和事写日记是很有必要的。句中先行词为 the things and people，既有人又有物，在定语从句中作主语，所以只能用关系代词that引导。根据句意，故填that。 70. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：虽然这是你爬山途中（看到的）唯一的非天然事物，但它仍然让整个爬山冒险历程精彩不断，并为你提供一个可以坐下来休息酸痛的腿的地方。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，关系词是place，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 71. why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然不知道运动会推迟的原因。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以应用关系副词why引导限制性定语从句。故填why。 72. which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得我儿子为红十字会做志愿工作的那些日子。 根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个限制性定语从句，对先行词the days进行限定说明；因为该定语从句缺少宾语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，代替先行词the days在从句中作宾语，所以应该用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。 73. who 74. that 75. have been shown 76. that 77. who 78. of which 73. 考查定语从句。先行词为人且关系代词在从句中作主语，故用who作引导词。 74. 考查关系代词。city与visit之间是动宾关系。又因为有序数词the first修饰city，故用that引导。 75. 句意：这是今年放映的最佳影片之一。films为先行词，且被放映。故填have been shown。 76. 句意：他谈到了他所记起的学校的许多人和事。先行词为things and persons，即指人也指物，只能用that。 77. 考查定语从句。句意：粗心的司机撞倒了正在过马路的老人。先行词是the old man，关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。故填who。 78. 考查定语从句。句意：游客看见一排排屋顶是红色的房子。先行词是rows of houses，the roofs of which＝whose roofs指“……的屋顶”，the＋名词＋of which＝whose＋名词。故填of which。 79. which / that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这就是许多工人正在努力工作的工厂吗？分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the factory”，关系词在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 80. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在所处的阶段，说谁将赢得最多选票并成为新总统还为时过早。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stage，关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 81. on 【解析】考查副动词固定搭配。句意：家长们可将机器设定为在早晨某些特定的时间开机，以便它可以帮他们叫醒孩子。此处考查动词短语turn on，意为“打开”，设空处应用副词on。故填on。 82. professional 【解析】考查副词。句意：你对美式英语和英式英语差异的专业知识给我留下了深刻的印象，我写信邀请你就这一点发表演讲。分析句子可知，应填形容词professional作定语，故填professional。 83. to/on 【解析】考查介词。句意：生命的美好是无限的。limit to/on...为固定搭配，意为“……的限制”。故填to或on。 84. likely 【解析】考查副词。句意：大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，破坏作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物。空后damage为动词，所以此处用副词likely，作状语。故填likely。 85. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：窗户朝东的那栋漂亮的房子是我父母的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，house和window具有所属关系，因此使用whose作定语修饰window引导定语从句，故填whose。 86. contributions 【解析】考查名词的数。句意：中国愿为实现地区和平作出新的积极贡献。表示“为……做贡献”为固定短语make contributions to。故填contributions。 87. from 【解析】考查介词。句意：防晒霜可以防止我们被晒伤。prevent sb. from doing “阻止某人免受……”，固定搭配，符合句意和结构。故填from。 88. that/不填 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我读的第一本英语小说是《飘》。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词novel被序数词修饰，且从句缺少宾语，应用that引导，关系代词作宾语也可省略。故答案是that/ 不填。 89. applications 【解析】考查名词。句意：这项发明将在工业上有广泛的应用。分析可知，空处应填名词作have的宾语，结合句意application“应用”符合题意，被a wide range of修饰，应用其复数形式。故填applications。 90. that / which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你在哪里学的农耕？——那是在我们去年工作的农场。分析句子可知，此空应用关系代词引导限制性定语从句。先行词是the farm，定语从句we worked on中缺宾语，故用关系代词引导。故填that /which。 91. themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：球员们在场上和场下都表现得很好。根据句子成分分析，横线上缺少conduct的宾语，conduct oneself “行为，表现”。故填themselves。 92. with who/that 【解析】考查介词和定语从句。句意：他联系了会修复印机的人。make contact with sb.与某人联系。句中先行词为someone，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who/that引导。根据句意，故填 with; who/that。 93. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：很明显，他要娶一个家里人都不喜欢他的女孩。句中先行词为 girl，在定语从句中作名词family的定语，所以用关系代词whose。 94. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：手术持续了四个多小时，由于皮肤上覆盖着坚硬的树脂，手术非常困难。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词the hard resin（坚硬的树脂）为物，且从句中缺少主语，因此需使用关系代词which在从句中作主语。故填which。 95. when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们仍然记得我们开始这个项目的时间。分析可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the time，指时间，从句缺少状语，用when引导，故填when。 96. to be processed 【解析】考查非谓语动词和语态。句意：所有的信息都准备好被加工成底片。此处是固定搭配：be ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”，又因为逻辑主语information和process之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用不定式的被动语态。故填to be processed。 97. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：哪一座钟是18世纪法国制造的？先行词为the clock，是物，作定语从句的主语，且先行词前面有Which，为了避免重复所以此处只能用that引导从句。故填that。 98. why 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们长期以来一直在寻找为什么这么多蜜蜂正在消失的原因。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句，故填why。 99. established 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他的所作所为让其他人嘲笑他，这让他很难在组织中立足。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词作表语，结合语意可知，此处意为“已确立的，被接受的”，故空处应填established。故填established。 100. archaeological 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我写信是想告诉你关于我们是否应该在考古工作上花费时间和精力的争论。作定语应用形容词archaeological，故填archaeological。 101. that/which/不填 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们在1937年建造的房子仍然完好无损。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为house，在从句中作宾语，指代事物，可用关系代词which或that引导，关系代词可省略。故填that/which /不填。 102. Creative 【解析】考查形容词。句意：创造性思维是人类创造活动的灵魂和核心。本句中thinking为名词，需要有形容词修饰，空处应为形容词，提示词create为动词表示“创造”，形容词为creative表示“有创造性的”，句首首字母应大写，故填Creative。 103. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我找到了那家商店，那里有我们需要的一切。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词shop，先行词指物，且前边有the very修饰，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that引导从句。故填that。 104. who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不仅从书本上而且从实践中学习的人更有可能获得成功。分析句子可知，该处缺少定语从句引导词，从句中缺少主语，先行词是those，指人，通常用关系代词who引导从句，故填who。 105. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她拍下了她感兴趣的人和事。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是things and people，在从句中作宾语，当先行词即有人又有物的时候，关系词只能用that。故填that。 106. to 【解析】考查介词。句意：他们缺乏锻炼导致了超重。lead to导致。故填to。 107. of 【解析】考查介词。句意：吉米所做的是一项令人难以置信的成就，我也为我为他所做的一切感到骄傲。句中be proud of为固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。故填of。 108. to raise 109. cultures 110. Actually 111. adviser 112. with 113. be presented 114. the 115. arranged 116. which 117. ourselves 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。联合国教科文组织将4月30日定为国际爵士乐节，目的是让人们意识到爵士乐的意义与价值，以及改善爵士乐不受年轻人的欢迎的处境，探索爵士乐的未来。一个叫Jason Moran的人也在做出一些努力来改变爵士乐的状况。 108. 考查动词不定式。句意：世界教科文组织将4月30日定为国际爵士乐节，是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的意义以及其在各种文化中所起的重要作用。分析句子可知，动词不定式作目的状语。故填to raise。 109. 考查名词。句意：世界教科文组织将4月30日定为国际爵士乐节，是为了让人们意识到爵士乐的意义以及其在各种文化中所起的重要作用。culture表示不同(国家的)文化或多种文化时是可数的，用复数。故填cultures。 110. 考查副词。句意：事实上，在美国，爵士乐的观众不断减少并且年龄在老化，爵士乐已经无法与年轻一代联系起来。Actually为副词，置于句首修饰整个句子。故填Actually。 111. 考查名词。句意：作为肯尼迪中心的爵士乐艺术顾问，莫兰希望帮助更多的人欣赏爵士乐，并保护其历史和文化。artistic为形容词，修饰名词adviser。故填adviser。 112. 考查介词。句意：Moran说，如今爵士乐的一个问题是，它不能让人们感到愉悦。the problem with“某方面的问题”为固定搭配。故填with。 113. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在他看来，今天的音乐不能以1908年或1958年那样的方式被呈现出来。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语the music与谓语can’t present为被动，所以填be presented。故填be presented。 114. 考查冠词。句意：它必须要发展，因为世界与以前不同了。表示“同样地”same前的冠词用定冠词the。故填the。 115. 考查一般过去时。句意：去年，Moran为一个舞会安排了法兹·沃勒的音乐，它通常被认为是音乐会音乐。由“Last year”可知，本句为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用arranged。故填arranged。 116. 考查关系代词。句意：去年，莫兰为一个舞会安排了法兹·沃勒的音乐，它通常被认为是音乐会音乐。分析句子可知，Fats Waller’s music为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which。 117. 考查代词。句意：他想要的是人们应该了解我们人类是如何通过音乐来谈论自己的情况的，以及音乐是如何让我们进入一个关于情感和思想的对话中。主语we humans 与宾语为同一个人时，宾语用反身代词，所以用ourselves。故填ourselves。 118. wildly 119. that 120. be considered 121. a 122. causing 123. It 124. was 125. frightened 126. accepted 127. at 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。 118. 考查副词。句意：不同的国家有着完全不同的问候方式。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰形容词“different”，故应用副词“wildly极其，非常”作状语，故填wildly。 119. 考查连接词。句意：在美国，当你经过熟人旁边时，众所周知，点头是可以接受的，与你第一次见面的人握手是一个礼貌的行为。根据句子分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，故应用that引导，且此处为know后的第二个宾语从句，因此that不能省，故填that。 120. 考查语态。句意：但是在拉美国家，握手被看作是无礼的。此处主语a strong handshake与谓语动词consider之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词must，故填be considered。 121. 考查冠词。句意：然后，这并不是一个普遍的规则。此处“rule规则，准则”为可数名词，此处泛指“一种普遍的规则”，故应用不定冠词，且universal以辅音音素开头，故填a。 122. 考查现在分词。句意：我朋友告诉我，我的行为是不合适的，这让我很尴尬。此处作结果状语，此处表示自然而然的结果，故应用现在分词作结果状语，故填causing。 123. 考查代词。句意：在美国，朋友之间的相互拥抱是很常见的——这是我之前从来没用过的。此处真正的主语为动词不定式to hug each other，故此处应用代词it作形式主语，故填It。 124. 考查时态。句意：同上。此句中I为主语，此处为系动词，根据后文的before可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was。 125. 考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我感到害怕，因为我真的不喜欢拥抱。此处作宾补，宾语为me，指人，故此处应用修饰人的形容词“frightened感到害怕的”作宾补，故填frightened。 126. 考查过去分词。句意：被大多属于人广泛接受的问候语总是令人愉快的。此处作定语，修饰a greeting code，code与accept之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填accepted。 127. 考查介词。句意：我们应该做一些事情，并且我们肯定能做一些事情来阻止我们被嘲笑。根据句意可知，此处意为“嘲笑”，表达为laugh at，故填at。 128. beginning 129. played 130. is called 131. outgoing 132. means 133. themselves 134. ages 135. which 136. an 137. By 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了卡塔尔世界杯的吉祥物的含义以及本届世界杯官方歌曲传递的主旨。 128. 考查非谓语动词。句意：11月20日举行的卡塔尔2022年世界杯是第22届世界杯，也是世界杯历史上第一届冬季赛。分析句子结构可知，此处动词begin用作定语修饰名词短语The Qatar 2022 World Cup,二者之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词。故填beginning。 129. 考查非谓语动词。句意：卡塔尔世界杯是阿拉伯世界的第一场比赛。分析句子结构可知，此处动词play用作定语修饰名词competition,二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词。故填played。 130. 考查时态和语态。句意：卡塔尔世界杯官方吉祥物叫做La'eeb,以传统的凯菲耶头饰的形式出现，但有眉毛、眼睛和嘴巴，性格活泼外向。分析句子结构可知，此处动词call用作句子谓语部分，句子主语The Official Mascot和动词call之间是被动关系，又根据本文整体时态是一般现在时，可知需用一般现在时的被动语态形式，主语The Official Mascot是第三人称单数形式，故填is called。 131. 考查形容词。句意同上题。分析句子结构可知，此处名词outgo用作定语修饰名词personality,需用形容词作定语，故填outgoing。 132. 考查时态。句意：他的名字叫La'eeb,在阿拉伯语中意味着超级熟练的球员。分析句子结构可知，此处动词mean用作句子谓语部分，句子主语His name和动词mean之间是主动关系，又根据本文整体时态是一般现在时，可知需用一般现在时，主语His name是第三人称单数形式，故填means。 133. 考查反身代词。句意：根据国际足联的说法，他鼓励每个人相信自己，他也可以给每个人带来足球的快乐。根据句意此处“everyone”表示整体意义，表示“他们自己”，需用反身代词。故填themselves。 134. 考查名词的数。句意：足球管理机构对吉祥物的目标是吸引所有年龄段的观众。根据句意此处表示“所有年龄段”，age是可数名词，需用复数形式，故填ages。 135. 考查定语从句。句意：卡塔尔世界杯的官方歌曲是“Hayya Hayya”,意思是“一起更好”。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是Hayya Hayya定语从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词which,故填which。 136. 考查冠词。句意：这首歌由美国歌手卡多纳、尼日利亚歌手达维多和卡塔尔艺术家艾莎演唱。分析句子结构可知，此处的American singer是同位语，前面缺少冠词，表示“一位美国歌手”，是泛指，又American以元音发音开头，需用不定冠词an,故填an。 137. 考查介词。句意：通过汇集来自美洲、非洲和中东的声音，这首歌展示了音乐和足球如何将世界团结起来。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少介词表示“通过……方式”，需用介词短语by doing, 位于句首首字母大写，故填By。 138. who/that 139. is known 140. description 141. became 142. being destroyed 143. extremely 144. various 145. to 146. dating 147. and 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“敦煌女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物作出的巨大贡献。 138. 考查定语从句。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌女儿”。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是archaeologist，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who或that。 139. 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：这位中国考古学家花了半个多世纪的时间研究和保护位于甘肃省古丝绸之路中心的石窟，在她的领域被称为“敦煌女儿”。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。主语The Chinese archaeologist和know之间是被动关系，要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The Chinese archaeologist是单数，be动词用is，故填is known。 140. 考查可数名词单数。句意：不过“保护者”可能是更合适的描述。此处是名词description作表语，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式，故填description。 141. 考查动词时态。句意：1984年，她成为敦煌研究院的副院长，该研究院致力于防止敦煌遗址被破坏。根据句中时间状语in the 1984可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时，故填became。 142. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语prevent sth. from doing sth.“防止某事物发生某种情况”，此处用作介词from的宾语，表示“敦煌遗址被破坏”，表示被动意义，应使用动名词的被动语态。故填being destroyed。 143. 考查副词。句意：那是一个老人，一个极其虚弱的人。此处应使用副词extremely，修饰形容词weak，作状语。故填extremely。 144. 考查形容词。句意：它有各种各样的疾病。空格处充当定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词various，故填various。 145. 考查介词。句意：今天，多亏了樊等伟大考古学家的工作，敦煌拥有世界上最大、保存最完好的15世纪至13世纪的佛教文物。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语thanks to“多亏了”，to是介词。故填to。 146. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上题。分析句子结构可知，此处用作后置定语修饰名词短语collection of Buddhist relics，collection of Buddhist relics与date为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填dating。 147. 考查连词。句意：莫高窟主址由735个洞窟组成，分布在1700米宽的岩壁上，包含4.5万平方米的壁画和2000多件彩色雕塑。45,000 square meters of murals与more than 2,000 colourful sculptures为并列关系，指的是同一方面的内容，用连词and连接，故填and。 148. for 149. an 150. finding 151. to assume 152. where 153. confused 154. wore 155. extremely 156. analyses 157. or 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一群英国学生到周口店洞穴参观，一位考古学家向其介绍了他们的考古发现以及猜想。 148. 考查介词。一群英国学生到周口店洞穴进行参观。此处表示目的，且空后为名词故用for，表示“为了”。 149. 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且 archaeologist.可数名词其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 150. 考查非谓语动词。After是介词，其后接动词-ing形式作宾语。答案为finding。 151. 考查非谓语动词。此处是“it is +adj. +to do”结构，故用不定式to assume。 152. 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the centre of the caves，故填where。 153. 考查词形转换。空处跟在felt后，作表语且根据语境，这里是说一些学生感到困惑，故应用形容词confused“困惑的”。 154. 考查动词的时态。此处表示“一些证据表明那些祖先穿着由动物毛皮做的衣服”，指发生在过去的事实，要用一般过去时。故答案为wore。 155. 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰副词well，用extreme的副词形式。故答案extremely。 156. 考查名词复数。根据空后的have shown可知，空处作主语，应用该名词的复数形式。故答案为analyses。 157. 考查连词。前后之间为选择关系，故填or。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$