08.必修第二册Unit 2-2025年高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019)

2025高考英语一轮复习教材核心词汇复习(PPT讲解+练习清单)(人教版2019) 必修第二册Unit 2 I.词汇默写 Ⅰ. 核心单词 1. ____________　 adv. 立刻 2. ____________ vt. 使惊恐; 使害怕; 使担心 n. 恐慌; 警报; 警报器 3. ____________ adj. 知道; 发觉; 有……意识的 4. ____________ n. 措施; 方法vt. 测量; 度量; 估量 5. ____________ n. (动植物) 保护区; 储藏(量) vt. 预订; 预留; 保留 6. ____________ vt. & vi. 射杀; 射伤; 发射 7. ____________ vi. 恢复; 康复vt. 找回; 寻回 8. ____________ vt. 去除; 移开; 脱去 9. ____________ vt. 减少 10. ____________ n. 情感; 情绪; 感情 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. illegal adj. 非法的; 不合法的 → ____________ adv. 不合法地; 非法地→____________ adv. 合法地 2. beauty n. 美; 美人; 美好的东西→____________ vt. 使美丽→____________ adj. 美的, 美好的 3. extinct adj. 已灭绝的→____________ n. 灭绝→____________ adj. 使消灭的 4. danger n. 危险; 风险→____________ vt. 使遭受危险; 危害→____________ adj. 危险的 5. concern v. 涉及; 让……担忧→____________ adj. 担心的; 关切的→____________ prep. 关于; 涉及 6. intend vi. & vt. 打算; 计划; 想要→____________ adj. 打算的; 计划的→____________ n. 意图, 目的, 打算 7. adapt vi. 适应vt. 使适应; 使适合→____________ n. 改编本, 改写本; 适应→____________ adj. 有适应能力的 8. threat n. 威胁→____________ vt. 威胁; 危及→____________ adj. 受到威胁的 9. harmony n. 和谐; 融洽→ ____________ adj. 和谐的 10. exist vi. 存在; 生存→ ____________ n. 存在 III.核心短语 1. ____________ 灭亡  2. ____________ 取得进步  3. ____________ 平均  4. ____________ 使某人想起(类似的人或物) 5. ____________ 对……关切的; 为……担忧的  6. ____________ 适应  7. ____________ 在压力下; 承受压力  8. ____________ 由于, 因为  9. ____________ 意识到; 知道  10. ____________ 看清; 听清; 分清  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: This/That is why. . . 为表语从句 _________________________(为什么我们来这里)—to observe Tibetan antelopes.   2. 句型公式: only+状语位于句首时的部分倒装 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature _________________________( 我们才可以停止)being a threat to wildlife and to our plane.   参考答案 Ⅰ. 1. immediately　 adv. 立刻 2. alarm vt. 使惊恐; 使害怕; 使担心 n. 恐慌; 警报; 警报器 3. aware adj. 知道; 发觉; 有……意识的 4. measure n. 措施; 方法vt. 测量; 度量; 估量 5. reserve n. (动植物) 保护区; 储藏(量) vt. 预订; 预留; 保留 6. shoot vt. & vi. 射杀; 射伤; 发射 7. recover vi. 恢复; 康复vt. 找回; 寻回 8. remove vt. 去除; 移开; 脱去 9. reduce vt. 减少 10. emotion n. 情感; 情绪; 感情 Ⅱ. 拓展单词 1. illegal adj. 非法的; 不合法的 → illegally adv. 不合法地; 非法地→legally adv. 合法地 2. beauty n. 美; 美人; 美好的东西→beautify vt. 使美丽→beautiful adj. 美的, 美好的 3. extinct adj. 已灭绝的→extinction n. 灭绝→extinctive adj. 使消灭的 4. danger n. 危险; 风险→endanger vt. 使遭受危险; 危害→dangerous adj. 危险的 5. concern v. 涉及; 让……担忧→concerned adj. 担心的; 关切的→concerning prep. 关于; 涉及 6. intend vi. & vt. 打算; 计划; 想要→intended adj. 打算的; 计划的→intention n. 意图, 目的, 打算 7. adapt vi. 适应vt. 使适应; 使适合→adaptation n. 改编本, 改写本; 适应→adaptive adj. 有适应能力的 8. threat n. 威胁→threaten vt. 威胁; 危及→threatened adj. 受到威胁的 9. harmony n. 和谐; 融洽→ harmonious adj. 和谐的 10. exist vi. 存在; 生存→ existence n. 存在 III.核心短语 1. die out 灭亡  2. make progress 取得进步  3. on average 平均  4. remind sb. of sb. /sth.  使某人想起(类似的人或物) 5. concerned about. . . 对……关切的; 为……担忧的  6. adapt to 适应  7. under pressure 在压力下; 承受压力  8. due to 由于, 因为  9. aware of 意识到; 知道  10. make out 看清; 听清; 分清  IV.经典句式 1. 句型公式: This/That is why. . . 为表语从句 This is why we’re here(为什么我们来这里)—to observe Tibetan antelopes.   2. 句型公式: only+状语位于句首时的部分倒装 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop( 我们才可以停止)being a threat to wildlife and to our plane.   II.词汇默写 一、单句填空 1. The cinema (build) in 1985. 2. Look! The children (take) good care of by their aunt. 3. The old man is ill. He (must take) to the hospital at once. 4. When he travels alone, his mother is always (concern) about his safety. 5. This is the only way we can think of (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. 6. She cut a shirt of some old material for me. 7. I’d prefer (reserve) my judgement until I find all the evidence. 8. That sort of thing varies person to person. 9. Having something important to deal with, he left (immediate) after the meeting. 10. Nylon is made air, coal and water. 11. If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what (discover) in science and technology. 12. Great progress has been (make) in advancing the cause of disabled people in the past ten years.   13. Turn right after the church.（immediate） 14. Actions should be taken to make people aware the harm of air pollution. 15. Many people are not even aware their mispronunciations and they are more focused on vocabulary. 16. Nick is (usual) bright, so his great success has been expected. 17. We have to drive fast to make the hours we lost in Boston， 18. The team’s success was largely due her efforts. 19. Jimmy may (interview) by the reporters at the very moment. 20. The research paper published is primarily (concern) with factors affecting employee performance. 21. This was the second time that we (observe) this festival together. 22. Weight training classes, for example, (design) and will be added to our programme soon. 23. Newcastle University is far alone. Colleges around the country have launched similar programmes. 24. The little boy has made rapid progress recently and is always (praise) by his teachers. 25. It is a (harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious. 26. Another bridge (build) now and it will be finished next year. 27. When the post office (threaten) with being closed in the 1980s, a villager, Pat, came up with a plan to save it. 28. Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk. 29. Would thinking machines work alongside humans or (threat) the existence of humans? 30. (shoot)over 90 goals this year, the football player won the Golden Ball for the fourth time. 31. They expressed mixed (emotion) at the news. 32. —So, what’s the procedure? —All the applicants (interview) before a final decision is made. 33. The grass send out new (shoot) in spring even though they are under some bricks. 34. Is it the first time in a year and a half that Sally (make) such great progress? 35. I got in touch with him after I received the letter. 36. To my delight, I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 37. average, men smoke more cigarettes than women. 38. It is so sad that this harbor, which is home to various lives as the Earth’s air conditioner, (threaten) by a big fire now. 39. I could (plain) see him turning his head to right and left. 40. Look! These old men (check) by the doctors. 41. Earth Day is a celebration of life and our planet. It is a reminder that we need to care the world we live in. 42. The bridge (repair) at present, so we will have to choose another route. 43. Mr Baker puts every extra penny into caring his young brother. 44. The experts were (concern) about the future of the cultural heritage which have been damaged by local people. 45. You have to wait for a week. The novel (publish) at present. 46. As the economy develops, the (live) conditions of the people have been improved accordingly. 47. As reported, a world’s great novel (make) into films now, which its fans are looking forward to. 48. There is an urgent need to be in (harmonious) with our environment. 49. I came believe what he said was right. 50. (concern) about his son’s safety, he called the police for help. 51. At midnight, hearing the scream, I really felt . (alarm) 52. My washing machine (repair) now, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 53. What is the point of helping him if he doesn't make an effort (help) himself. 54. These are the four most (effect) study habits, and something all successful students do. 55. The car is running a rate of 100 kilometres an hour. 56. Madame Curie was recognised a great scientist. 57. Is the house you bought last month (decorate) now? 58. As we all know, with the development of economy, people have to face various (press). 59. These large animals are being killed (illegal) for their body parts that are considered valuable. 60. He (observe) the stars for 30 years up to now. 61. The plan is not (discuss) at the meeting now. 62. A survey (carry) out now about whether students should have lessons during the holidays. 63. What is the most (effect) way of teaching children to read and write? 64. We are all , because the rainforest in some parts is being destroyed at an speed.(alarm) 65. The explosion made a (mass) hole in the ground. （所给单词适当形式填空） 66. The health product is targeted the elderly. 67. Many proposals (discuss) during the “two sessions” at present. 68. Nowadays, fish and snakes (kill) for food in restaurants.（所给词的适当形式填空） 69. Cars (must not park) here. 70. We put up aboard to remind people (protect) the trees. 71. I think we should also take (effect) measures to make our country more beautiful. 72. The poster warns people that it’s illegal (hunt) endangered animals in the reserve. 73. But more often than not, it's due   pressure from work or study. Students with lots of homework can feel very stressed, when they don't have enough time to finish everything. 74. Our government has taken (effect) measures to prevent drunk driving. 75. The rainforests are disappearing at an (alarm) rate, which should arouse (引起) the government’s attention. 76. Yesterday, we paid a visit to the coral reefs and explored the (live) organisms of the ocean. 77. When he came to (him), he found himself in a ward. 78. Why do we have to put up with Susan’s selfish behavior?We have to teach her to care others. 79. Wherever he goes, he is able to accommodate/adapt the new environment. 80. The book is intended children aged 5-7. 81. I (intend) to call on you, but I had an unexpected visitor. 82. She (stir) by his sad story. 83. You can’t move in right now. The library (paint). 84. The kids often go (hike) at weekends. 85. It was the first time that the novel by Charles Dickens (adapt) into cinema. 86. This chapter is (concern) with the mental health of older people. 87. They bring with them lots of waste. The crowds might damage the (beautiful) of the place. 88. Mary, I have reminded John his promise to help you. 89. I visited the new and improved Community Sports Centre. It is not open to the public yet, but preparations (make) presently for the reopening. 90. There is a wildlife habitat in the neighbourhood, which (visit, 正被参观中) by some students. After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. 二、语法填空 1 Saving the Antelope On a freezing cold day in January 1994, Jiesang Suonandajie found what he was looking for—a group of poachers 91 were killing the endangered Tibetan antelopes. In the battle 92 followed, he was shot and killed. He gave his life to save the Tibetan antelope. The reason 93 the number of the Tibetan antelopes had fallen to about 50,000 by the 1990s is that the wool of the Tibetan antelope is the most expensive in the world. Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, 94 wool is not worth so much. The animals are skinned on the spot, and the wool is taken to India, 95 it is made into the shawls(披肩). Then the shawls are exported to rich countries in North America and Europe. The 1990s 96 the Chinese government began to take an active part in protecting the antelopes saw the great changes. Over the next ten years about 3,000 poachers were caught and 300 vehicles, confiscated. Sometimes there were gunfights, like the one 97 Jiesang Suonandajie was killed. But today the government seems to be winning the battle. The number of poachers has fallen. The small group of officials 98 work in the reserve are helped by volunteers coming from all over the country 99 are ready for the difficult conditions of life at 5,000 metres. Meanwhile, in those countries 100 the shawls are sold, the police are getting tough with the dealers. International cooperation seems to be working. Since 1997 the antelope population has slowly begun to grow again. 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 101 (know) as a “living fossil”, the sturgeon(鲟鱼)is a very precious species. It is believed to have lived with the dinosaurs more than 140 million years ago. However, according to the IUCN, one of the largest non-profit environmental protection 102 (organise), all remaining 26 sturgeon species in the world are now at risk of extinction(灭绝).Their decrease over the past three generations is 103 (awkward ) than previously thought. “The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish(白鲟) should be a warning for everyone,” said Zhou Fei, China’s chief program officer. “It has provided 104 opportunity for the experts to raise public awareness about the need of protecting the species in the Yangtze River Basin 105 educate the public to save other species,” he added. 106 (prevent) further loss of the species in China, people must act 107 (immediate). There is no time to waste. Also, long-term threats (威胁) to their life and habitats must   108 (remove) by taking the most effective measures 109 will slow the speed of their extinction. 110 is not something that can be achieved by certain departments. Instead, it requires joint efforts from all fields of society. 3 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 While the Majale River in Bdtswana only flows for a few months of the year, there is plenty of water to be found under the surface. Aware 111 this, the area's animals frequently visit the dry riverbed 112 (dig) up the water and satisfy their thirst. In late August, Wildlife filmmaker Kim was searching the area, 113 （hope） to see an elephant herd（群）in action. She 114 (drive) a few kilometes along the riverbank when she noticed an elephant herd making their way up. Things went smoothly at first. Two team members effortlessly climbed up the riverbank and disappeared. The rest of the family, which 115 (lead) by a female elephant, followed closely behind. They were doing well until a baby elephant, much 116 （thin）than other baby ones, got stuck on the steepest（陡）part. Not realizing 117 (it) trouble, the mother kept moving ahead. Fortunately, the herd's responsible leader stayed behind to ensure everyone made it up safely. She 118 (gentle) pushed the helpless baby elephant up the tricky place. 119 happened in front of Kim made her excited. And she was even more excited to have captured the heartwarming video of the scene. She said that elephants are caring animals that deserve human love and 120 (admire). 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Being curious about birds has let many people take up bird-watching in Shanghai. Many take it as 121 opportunity to spend time outdoors and get close to nature. The most careful bird-watchers are usually equipped with binoculars(望远镜) and smart phones, and travel long distances and spend hours in shoals(浅滩) in Nanhui or Chongming 122 (observe) a new bird. Tens of 123 (studio) provide such public events 124 (regular). More than 430 types of birds, about one-third of the total bird numbers in China, can 125 (see) in Shanghai. Most of birds in the city are migratory (迁徙的), 126 (pass) by the southeastern tip of the city. The eastern shoals of Nanhui and Chongming, 127 the Yangtze River meets the East China Sea, are very 128 (significance) for migratory birds, because they stop to find food in spring and autumn while traveling between North and East Asia and Australia or Southeast Asia. The growing interest 129 bird-watching in Shanghai 130 (play) an effective role in environmental protection now. 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There’s just a 1-in-3,700,000 chance that a person will be killed by 131 shark, but the fear is still enough to have swimmers worrying about 132 seen as prey(捕获物). Now, new research supports the long-standing theory   133 it’s a case of “mistaken identity” when great whites go in for a bite . A team of biologists 134 (compare) videos of seals swimming with those of humans swimming. They then edited the clips to simulate a great white’s vision and found that from the ocean inhabitant’s point 135 view, humans do indeed have a strong resemblance to seals. “Usually, great white sharks 136 (regard) as ‘mindless killers’ and fond of human flesh. However, this does not seem to be the case; we just look like 137 (they) food,” Laura Ryan, lead author of the study, told Live Science. “They eat seals every day and bites on people are 138 (extreme) rare,” said Catherine MacDonald, a marine scientist at the University of Miami. “So if they’re not solving the problem visually, then how do we think they’re solving it? 139 (hit) the right targets, sharks could be relying on other senses, like the scent. If that’s the case, 140 (addition) studies on how great whites use those senses could help prevent further attack.” 参考答案 一、 1. was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这个影院建于1985年。动词build和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in 1985可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was built。 2. are being taken　 【解析】考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：看!孩子们正被他们的阿姨好好照顾着。动词短语(take) good care of是句中谓语，与主语The children之间为被动关系，结合句意和句中“Look!”可知，描述说话时正在发生的事情，用现在进行时态，主语是复数名词，系动词用复数形式。故填are being taken。 3. must be taken 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这位老人病了。必须马上把他送到医院去。主语He和动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词must后接动词原形。故填①must②be③taken。 4. concerned 【解析】考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：他每次一个人旅行的时候，他的母亲总是担心他的安全。分析句子可知，此空要填形容词concerned作is的表语，且此处涉及一个固定搭配be concerned about，表示“担心，担忧”。故填concerned。 5. to reduce 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是我们能想到的减少学生厕所用水过度的唯一方法。修饰名词way，应用不定式做后置定语，表示“……的方法”。故填to reduce。 6. out 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：她用一些旧布料为我裁剪出了一件衬衫。cut sth. out of sth.固定搭配，意为“用……裁出……”。故填out。 7. to reserve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我宁愿保留我的判断，直到我找到所有的证据。分析句子结构，prefer to do为固定短语，含义为“宁愿做……”，符合句意，所以空白处填动词不定式作宾语，故填to reserve。 8. from 【解析】考查介词。句意：那种事因人而异。vary from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……各不相同”。故填from。 9. immediately 【解析】考查副词。句意：因为有重要的事情要处理，他会后立即就走了。修饰动词left应用副词immediately，作状语。故填immediately。 10. from 【解析】考查介词。句意：尼龙是由空气，煤和水制造的。表达由......制造，从成品看不出原材料时用be made from.因此根据句意填from。 11. has been discovered 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：如果牛顿现在还活着，他会对科技领域的发现感到很吃惊。这是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，科技领域已经做出的发现为现在完成时，表示过去发生的事对现在产生了影响，what与discover是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填has been discovered。 12. made 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：十年来，残疾人事业取得了巨大进步。根据时间状语in the past ten years.可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语progress和谓语动词make为被动关系，需用被动语态，设空处需填过去分词形式与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填made。 13. immediately 【解析】考查副词。句意：到教堂后立即右转。修饰动词短语Turn right要用副词。故填immediately。 14. of 【解析】考查介词。句意：应该采取行动使人们意识到空气污染的危害。短语：be aware of“意识到”，结合句中提示，故填of。 15. of 【解析】考查介词。句意：很多人甚至意识不到他们的发音错误，而是更多地关注词汇。be aware of“意识到”，故填of。 16. unusually 【解析】考查副词。句意：尼克异常聪明，所以他的巨大成功是预料之中的。修饰形容词用副词，空后bright“聪明的”为形容词，所以空处用副词；结合下文“his great success has been expected”可知，这里对Nike的聪明表示肯定，副词unusually“罕见地；特别地”符合题意，故填unusually。 17. up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们不得不开快一点去弥补我们在波斯顿失去的时间。此处为固定短语make up（弥补）。故填up。 18. to 【解析】考查介词。句意：团队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。due to由于，因为，固定短语。故填to。 19. be being interviewed 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：吉米此刻可能正在接受记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，主语是Jimmy和interview之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据时间状语at the very moment，可知应该用现在进行时，所以用，现在进行时的被动语态，空前是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be being interviewed。 20. concerned 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：发表的研究论文主要涉及影响员工绩效的因素。分析句意再根据提示词可知，此处用固定短语be concerned with表示“涉及”符合语境。故填concerned。 21. had observed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这是我们第二次一起庆祝这个节日。This was the second time that...为固定句型，意为“这是……第二次……”，that从句中使用过去完成时。故填had observed。 22. are being designed 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，重量训练课程正在设计中，并将很快加入我们的课程。表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，主语Weight training classes和design“设计”为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being designed。 23. from 【解析】考查短语。句意：远不止是纽卡斯尔大学，这个国家的其他大学也都发起了类似的项目。由上文的is far可知，使用短语be far from意为“远非”后常跟形容词，为固定搭配。故填from。 24. being praised 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这个小男孩最近进步很快，总是受到老师的表扬。根据句意及句中关键词always（总是）可知，设空处表示反复出现的动作，含有赞赏的感情，即男孩总是被表扬，这时句子应用现在进行时。句子主语The little boy（小男孩）与praise（表扬）之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即小男孩被表扬，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，句式为“主语+be(am/is/are)+being+动词的过去分词+其他”，praise的过去分词为praised。故填being praised。 25. harmonious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这是一个和谐的社区，学生们快乐勤奋。修饰名词community需用形容词作定语，空处需填形容词harmonious，表示“和谐的”。故填harmonious。 26. is being built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：另一座大桥正在建设中，明年将竣工。and前后连接两个句子，由now可知，and前的句子表示“另一座大桥正在建设中”，应用现在进行时，且主语Another bridge和动词build(建造)二者之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动am/is/are being done，主语是单数，故填is being built。 27. was threatened　 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：20世纪80年代，当邮局面临倒闭的威胁时，一位名叫帕特的村民想出了一个拯救邮局的计划。从句中主语后没有谓语动词，post office与threaten之间是被动关系,故应该用被动语态,由in the 1980s可知,应该用一般过去时,故填was threatened。 28. was attacked 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭到袭击。句子在描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语she是单数第三人称，和谓语动词attack之间是被动关系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态was attacked，故填was attacked。 29. threaten 【解析】考查动词。句意：思维机器会与人类并肩作战还是威胁人类的生存？分析句子可知，此空应填动词，和work做并列谓语，时态应用一般现在时，动词threaten意为“威胁”。故填threaten。 30. Having shot 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位足球运动员今年进了90多个球，第四次获得金球奖。设空处在句中作非谓语，shoot和句子的逻辑主语 the football player之间是主动关系，设空处的动作发生在谓语动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式：having done。故填Having shot。 31. emotions 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：听到这个消息，他们表达了复杂的情绪。根据they可知，表示的情感是名词复数作宾语。故填emotions。 32. are interviewed 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——那么，程序是什么？——在作出最后决定前，所有的申请人均会接受面试。分析句子和结合句意“接受面试”可知，设空处应填动词作谓语，主语与谓语动词是被动关系，且句子时态为一般现在时,主语是applicants（复数），因此应填are interviewed。故填are interviewed。 33. shoots 【解析】考查可数名词复数形式。句意：草在春天长出新芽，尽管它们在一些砖块下面。shoot意为“嫩芽；幼苗”时，为可数名词。根据句意可知，此处表示“不止一个“新芽”，所以需要名词的复数形式。故填shoots。 34. has made 【解析】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一年半以来Sally第一次取得如此大的进步吗？It is the first time that sb. have/has done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，主语Sally是单数，因此空格处是has made，故填has made。 35. immediately 【解析】考查副词。句意：我收到这封信后立即就和他联系了。句中got是动词，由副词修饰，结合句意，副词immediately“立即，马上”符合题意。故填immediately。 36. was chosen或have been chosen 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从几百名申请者中选中出席开幕式。此处的语境可以理解为一般过去时态，也可以理解为现在完成时态，主语I和choose之间是被动关系，故此处使用一般过去时的被动语态或现在完成时的被动语态。故填was chosen或have been chosen。 37. On 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：平均而言，男人比女人抽烟多。分析句意再根据average可知，此处用介词on构成固定短语on average表示“平均而言”符合语境，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填On。 38. is being threatened 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：令人悲伤的是，这个作为地球空调的各种生命家园的港口，现在正受到一场大火的威胁。主语this harbor后缺少谓语动词，根据now可知，用现在进行时，harbor和threaten是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填is being threatened。 39. plainly 【解析】考查副词。句意：我可以清楚地看到他左右转动着头。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用副词形式，故填plainly。 40. are being checked 【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：看！这些老人正在接受医生的检查。根据开头的look可知，句子的时态要用现在进行时，而 these old men 与check是被动关系。故填are being checked。 41. about 【解析】考查介词。句意：世界地球日提醒我们，我们需要关心我们生存的世界。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语care about意为“关心”符合句意。故填about。 42. is being repaired 【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：桥目前正在维修中，所以我们将不得不改道。根据“so we will have to choose another route”和at present可知，此处是指桥目前正在维修中，所以应用现在进行时。动词repair意为“维修”，和主语bridge构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填is being repaired。 43. for 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：贝克先生把多出的每分钱都用于照顾他年幼的弟弟。care for (照顾)符合句意。故填for。 44. concerned 【解析】考查形容词。句意：专家们担心被当地人破坏的文化遗产的未来。空格处用形容词作表语，be concerned about“对……担心”是固定短语，concerned是形容词，意为“担心的”，故填concerned。 45. is being published 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：你得等一个星期。这部小说目前正在出版。分析句子结构可知，publish作本句谓语，根据时间状语at present，应该用现在进行时，主语是novel，为第三人称单数，且和publish之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以应是现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being published。 46. living 【解析】考查形容词。句意：随着经济的发展，人民的生活状况已经得到了相应地改善。作定语应用形容词living，故填living。 47. is being made 【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。句意：据报道，一部世界上最伟大的小说正在被拍成电影，这是它的粉丝们所期待的。及物动词make与主语novel为被动关系，根据从句句意“粉丝们正翘首以待”，可推断make为现在进行时，所以此处填写现在进行时的被动语态，主语为novel，谓语用单数。故填is being made。 48. harmony 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们迫切需要与环境和谐相处。介词in后应用其名词harmony(不可数)作介词宾语，in harmony with，意为“与......和谐”。故填harmony。 49. to 【解析】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：我渐渐相信他说的是对的。固定搭配come to (渐渐、开始)，用介词to。故填to。 50. Concerned 【解析】考查形容词。句意：因为担心他儿子的安全，他打电话报警。根据句子分析可知，此处应用形容词“concerned担心的，关心的”作状语，故填Concerned。 51. alarming alarmed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：午夜时分，听到那令人惊慌的尖叫声，我真的感到害怕。第一空修饰物scream用-ing形容词alarming作定语，第二空修饰形容人I用-ed形容词alarmed作表语，故填①alarming ②alarmed。 52. is being repaired 【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：现在我的洗衣机正在维修中，因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。根据后文“ so I have to wash my clothes by hand（因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服）”可知，这里表示“洗衣机正在维修中”，故用现在进行时，且主语My washing machine与repair为被动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为单数名词，故谓语动词用单数。故填is being repaired。 53. to help 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：如果他不努力帮助自己，帮助他有什么意义。根据短语make an effort to do sth“努力做某事”，此处应使用动词不定式，故填to help。 54. effective 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些是四个最有效的学习习惯，也是所有成功的学生都会做的事情。此处修饰名词habits，应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。 55. at 【解析】考查介词。句意：汽车正以每小时100公里的速度行驶。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语at a rate of…“以……的速度”，满足句意要求。故填at。 56. as 【解析】考查介词。句意：居里夫人被认为是一名伟大的科学家。短语：be recognized as“被认为是……”，as为介词，故填as。 57. being decorated 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：你上个月买的房子现在正在被装修吗？主语是house，谓语动词是decorate，根据时间now，可知时态是现在进行时，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，表示“房子正在被装修”，所以用被动语态的现在进行时，故填being decorated。 58. pressures 【解析】考查名词。句意：众所周知，随着经济的发展，人们不得不面对各种各样的压力。分析句子可知，空处作face的宾语，press的名词形式pressure符合题意，意为“压力，紧张”，结合空前的“various”可知，pressure应用复数形式。故填pressures。 59. illegally 【解析】考查副词。句意：这些大型动物因为被认为有价值的身体部位而被非法杀害。副词illegally修饰动词killed。故填illegally。 60. has observed 【解析】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，他已经观察星星30年了。根据句意可知句中“up to now”可知，句子应用现在完成时，谓语动词为“have/has done”，“He”与“has”连用，“observe”意为“观察”，动词词性，过去分词为“observed”，故空格处应填“has observed”。故填has observed。 61. being discussed 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：会议现在没有讨论这个计划。根据句意及句中关键词now（现在）可知现在没有讨论计划，故为现在进行时。plan（计划）与discuss（讨论）之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即计划被讨论，故应用现在进行时的被动语态，句子为否定句，句式为“主语+be(am/is/are)+not+being+动词的过去分词+其他”，discuss的过去分词为discussed。故填being discussed。 62. is being carried 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现在正在进行一项关于学生是否应该在假期上课的调查。主语survey和动词短语carry out之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“now”可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用is。故填is being carried。 63. effective 【解析】考查形容词。句意：教孩子读书写字最有效的方法是什么? 根据“the most”和“way”可知，空处应填提示词“effect” 的形容词形式effective，做way的定语。故填effective。 64. alarmed alarming 【解析】考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词。句意：我们都感到担心，因为一些地区的雨林正以惊人的速度遭到破坏。第一空用修饰人的-ed形容词alarmed (担心的)作表语，表示人的感受，第二空用修饰物的-ing形容词alarming (令人惊慌的)作定语，表示事物的特征，故填①alarmed ②alarming。 65. massive 【解析】考查形容词。句意：爆炸在地上炸出了一个大洞。此处修饰名词hole 用形容词，massive“巨大的”。故填massive。 66. at　 【解析】考查介词。句意：这种保健品是针对老年人的。句中be targeted at固定搭配，意为 “以……为目标”。故填at。 67. are being discussed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：目前“两会”期间正在讨论许多提案。根据时间状语“at present”可知，使用现在进行时，主语many proposals和discuss为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are being discussed。 68. are being killed 【解析】考查动词。句意：现在，鱼和蛇在餐馆被杀死作为食物。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语复数名词fish and snakes和动词kill为被动关系，结合Nowadays时间状语可知，该句应为现在进行时，所以此处为现在进行时的被动语态结构。故填are being killed。 69. mustn’t be parked 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：汽车禁止停在这里。cars和park为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词must后面，使用动词原形，句子为否定句。故填mustn’t be parked。 70. to protect 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我们在船上张贴告示，提醒人们保护树木。remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”。故填to protect。 71. effective 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我认为我们也应该采取有效措施使我们的国家更美丽。作定语修饰名词measures，应用形容词effective。故填effective。 72. to hunt 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海报警告人们在保护区捕猎濒危动物是非法的。It is +形容词+ to do sth.做某事，it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。根据句意，故填to hunt。 73. to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：但往往是由于工作或学习的压力。 有很多作业的学生会感到压力很大，因为他们没有足够的时间完成所有的事情。结合句意表示“由于”可知短语为due to。故填to。 74. effective 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我国政府已采取有效措施防止醉酒驾驶。修饰名词measures，应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。 75. alarming 【解析】考查形容词。句意：热带雨林正以惊人的速度消失，这应该引起政府的注意。形容词修饰名词作定语，结合空后名词rate可知，此处用形容词作定语。alarming“使人惊恐的；令人担忧的”为形容词，故填alarming。 76. living 【解析】考查形容词。句意：昨天，我们参观了珊瑚礁，探索了海洋生物。设空处在the和名词organisms之间，应用形容词修饰名词。live的形容词为living，意为“活着的”，作前置定语。故填living。 77. himself 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：当他苏醒过来时，发现自己在一个病房里。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“come to oneself”，意为“苏醒过来”，故空格处应用“him”的反身代词“himself”。故填himself。 78. for 【解析】考查介词。句意：我们为什么要忍受苏珊的自私行为？我们得教她关心别人。短语care for表示“关心”。故填for。 79. to 【解析】考查介词搭配。句意：无论他走到哪里，他都能适应新环境。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语accommodate/adapt to“适应”，to是介词。故填to。 80. for 【解析】考查介词。句意：这本书是为五至七岁的儿童写的。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be intended for sb意为“是为某人设计/提供的”，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。 81. had intended 【解析】考查时态。句意：我本来打算去拜访你的，但是我有一位不速之客。根据后面but I had an unexpected visitor可知，此处应用过去完成时had intended to do，表示“本打算做某事（但却未能做到）”。故填had intended。 82. was stirred 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：她被他悲伤的故事所打动。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was stirred。 83. is being painted 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：你现在不能进来。图书馆正在粉刷。照应时间状语“right now”，提示词应用现在进行时。再结合主语“The library”为动作承受者，为单数，故谓语动词为被动语态，为单数。故填is being painted。 84. hiking 【解析】考查动名词。句意：孩子们周末通常去远足。go hiking远足，徒步旅行，固定短语。故填hiking。 85. had been adapted 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：这是查尔斯·狄更斯的小说第一次被改编成电影。It was the first time that后接过去完成时，主语the novel与谓语adapt为被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been adapted。 86. concerned 【解析】考查形容词。句意：本章涉及老年人的心理健康。固定短语be concerned with意为“与……有关，涉及到”，符合题意。故填concerned。 87. beauty 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们带来了大量垃圾，这些人群可能会破坏这个地方的美丽。根据句子分析可知，此处应用名词beauty，作宾语，表示“美丽”，为不可数名词。故填beauty。 88. of 【解析】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：玛丽，我已经提醒了约翰他答应帮助你的事。remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事，固定搭配。故填of。 89. are being made 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：我参观了新建的社区体育中心。它还没有对公众开放，但目前正在为重新开放做准备。此处缺乏谓语，主语preparations与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。根据presently可知，应用现在进行时，即现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are being done），主语preparations是复数，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being made。 90. is being visited 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：附近有一个野生动物栖息地，一些学生正在参观。动词visit和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意和提示可知，应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语which指代先行词a wildlife habitat，为单数，主谓一致，故填is being visited。 二、 1 91. that/who 92. that/which 93. why 94. whose 95. where 96. when 97. where 98. that/who 99. that/who 100. where 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了早年藏羚羊被猎捕者非法猎杀，导致羚羊数量急剧下降。中国政府积极参与保护羚羊后，这种情况得到改善，羚羊数量开始缓慢增长。 91. 考查关系代词。句意：1994年1月一个寒冷的日子，杰桑·索南达杰找到了他一直在寻找的东西——一群偷猎者正在猎杀濒危的藏羚羊。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是poachers指人，关系词在从句中作主语，因此可使用关系代词who或that。故填that/who。 92. 考查关系代词。句意：在随后的战斗中，他中弹身亡。他为拯救藏羚羊献出了生命。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是battle指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此需要使用关系代词which或that。故填which/hat。 93. 考查关系副词。句意：到20世纪90年代，藏羚羊的数量下降到5万只左右的原因是藏羚羊的羊毛是世界上最昂贵的。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系副词引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在从句中作状语，因此需要使用关系副词why。故填why。 94. 考查关系代词。句意：偷猎者经常在晚上工作，一次射杀整群羚羊，只留下毛价不高的小羚羊。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是babies，关系词在从句中作定语，因此需要使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 95. 考查关系副词。句意：这些动物被当场剥皮，羊毛被带到印度，在那里被制成披肩。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系副词引导定语从句，先行词是India，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需要使用关系副词where。故填where。 96. 考查关系副词。句意：20世纪90年代，中国政府开始积极参与保护羚羊，发生了巨大的变化。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系副词引导定语从句，先行词是1990s，关系词在从句中作时间状语，因此需要使用关系副词when，故填when。 97. 考查关系副词。句意：有时会发生枪战，就像杰桑·索南达杰被杀的那次。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系副词引导定语从句，先行词是the one即gunfight（枪战），关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需要使用关系副词where。故填where。 98. 考查关系代词。句意：在保护区工作的一小群官员得到了来自全国各地的志愿者的帮助，这些志愿者为5000米高的艰苦生活条件做好了准备。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是officials指人，关系词在从句中主语，因此需要使用关系代词who或that。故填who/hat。 99. 考查关系代词。句意：在保护区工作的一小群官员得到了来自全国各地的志愿者的帮助，这些志愿者为5000米高的艰苦生活条件做好了准备。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，先行词是volunteers指人，因此需要使用关系代词who或hat。故填who/that。 100. 考查关系副词。句意：与此同时，在那些出售披肩的国家，警方对贩卖者打击越来越严厉。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系副词定语从句，先行词是countries，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需要使用关系副词where。故填where。 2 101. Known 102. organisations/organizations 103. more awkward 104. an 105. and 106. To prevent 107. immediately 108. be removed 109. that 110. It/This/That 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要阐述世界上鲟鱼的现状，并呼吁大家共同努力采取有效措施保护中国的物种以及它们的栖息地。 101. 考查非谓语动词。句意：鲟鱼被称为“活化石”，是一种非常珍贵的物种。句子结构分析可知设空处为非谓语动词，be known as意为“被称为”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Known。 102. 考查名词。句意：然而，根据世界最大的非营利环保组织之一世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)的数据，世界上所有剩余的26种鲟鱼现在都面临灭绝的风险。根据空前的“one of”可知设空处用名词的复数形式，organise的名词organisation/organization意为“组织”符合句意，organisation/organization复数是organisations或organizations，故填organisations/organizations。 103. 考查形容词比较级。句意：在过去的三代中，它们减少的数量比之前想象的更加严峻。设空处在句中作表语，由空后的“than previously thought”可知，设空处用形容词比较级，awkward的比较级是more awkward。故填more awkward。 104. 考查冠词。句意：“这为专家们提供了一个机会，来提高公众对保护长江流域物种必要性的意识并教育公众拯救其他物种。”他补充道。opportunity是可数名词，在本句中表泛指，所以用不定冠词，opportunity是元音音素开头，用不定冠词用an，故填an。 105. 考查连词。句意：“这为专家们提供了一个机会，来提高公众对保护长江流域物种必要性的意识并教育公众拯救其他物种。”他补充道。句子结构分析可知“raise public awareness”和“educate the public”之间是并列关系，因此空格处用并列连词and表并列，故填and。 106. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止该物种在中国的进一步灭绝，人们必须立即采取行动。根据句子结构分析并结合句意可知，设空处为非谓语动词，在句中作目的状语，所以用不定式，设空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填To prevent。 107. 考查副词。句意：为了防止该物种在中国的进一步灭绝，人们必须立即采取行动。空格处修饰动词act作状语，副词immediately意为“立即”符合句意，故填immediately。 108. 考查被动语态。句意：此外，必须采取最有效的措施来减缓它们灭绝的速度，消除对它们的生命和栖息地的长期威胁。句子结构分析可知设空处与前文的must构成句子的谓语，句子主语“long-term threats (威胁) to their life and habitats ”与remove之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，空前有情态动词must，因此空格处填be done，故填be removed。 109. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，必须采取最有效的措施来减缓它们灭绝的速度，消除对它们的生命和栖息地的长期威胁。句子结构分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词“the most effective measures ”，在从句中作主语，指物，先行词指物且被最高级the most effective修饰，所以用关系代词that，故填that。 110. 考查代词。句意：这不是某些部门可以做到的。设空处在句中做主语，指代前面的所讲的事情，可以用代词it/that/this，设空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填It/That/This。 3 111. of 112. to dig 113. hoping 114. had driven 115. were led 116. thinner 117. its 118. gently 119. What 120. admiration 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲了八月下旬，野生动物电影制片人Kim在博茨瓦纳的马贾勒河附近用相机拍到一象群的暖心一幕，并由此感叹，大象是有爱心的动物，值得人类爱戴和赞赏。 111. 考查介词。句意：意识到这一点，这个地区的动物们经常来到干涸的河床上挖水解渴。be aware of固定搭配，意为“意识到”。故填of。 112. 考查非谓语动词。句意：意识到这一点，这个地区的动物们经常来到干涸的河床上挖水解渴。句子已有谓语visit，故空处应使用非谓语：根据句意可知表目的，故用不定式。故填to dig。 113. 考查非谓语动词。句意：八月下旬，野生动物电影制片人Kim正在这一地区进行搜索，希望能看到一个象群在活动。句子已有谓语was searching，故空处应使用非谓语；其逻辑主语Kim，与hope构成主动关系，故应使用现在分词做状语。故填hoping。 114. 考查谓语时态。句意：她沿着河岸驱车行驶了几公里，这时她注意到一个象群正在上来。根据句意和noticed可知，drive发生在过去的过去，即从开始开车到留意到这段时，故用过去完成时。故填had driven。 115. 考查谓语时态语态。句意：这个家庭的其他成员由一头母象带领，紧随其后。根据句意和followed可知，lead发生在过去，故用一般过去时；又由于led与修饰词which（指代The rest of the family, 复数）之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填were led。 116. 考查形容词。句意：一切都很顺利，直到一头比其他小象要瘦得多的小象被卡在了最陡峭的地方。根据空后的than可知，空处应使用形容词比较级。故填thinner。 117. 考查代词。句意：母亲没有意识到它的的麻烦，继续向前走。分析句子可知，应使用形容词性物主代词its，作定语，修饰名词trouble。故填its。 118. 考查副词。句意：她轻轻地把那只无助的小象推出了危险的地方。修饰动词pushed应使用副词。故填gently。 119. 考查主语从句。句意：在Kim面前发生的一切让她兴奋不已。本句made是谓语，前面是主语从句，故此处缺引导主语从句的引导词。名词性从句缺主语，表事情，用what。故填What。 120. 考查名词。句意：她说，大象是有爱心的动物，应得人类受戴和赞赏。本句and前love是名词，可知and后也是名词，作deserve的宾语，抽象名词不可数。故填admiration。 4 121. an 122. to observe 123. studios 124. regularly 125. be seen 126. passing 127. where 128. significant 129. in 130. is playing 【解析】本文为记叙文。文章介绍了上海兴起的观鸟热潮，激发了民众对于环保的关注。 121. 考查冠词。句意：许多人把它作为一个在户外接近自然的机会。根据句意可知及后面的opportunity，这里泛指“一个机会”，用不定冠词，且该词为元音音素开头。故填an。 122. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最细心的观鸟者通常会带着双筒望远镜和智能手机，长途跋涉，花几个小时在南会或崇明的浅滩上观察一只新鸟。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词spend，设空处需填非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语bird-watchers为主动关系，根据句意可知，此处指“为了观察鸟类”，表示目的用to do不定式。故填to observe。 123. 考查名词。句意：数十家工作室定期提供此类公共活动。根据前面的dozens of“数十个”可知，设空处应填名词复数形式。故填studios。 124. 考查副词。句意：数十家工作室定期提供此类公共活动。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰谓语动词provide，应使用副词形式。故填regularly。 125. 考查动词的被动语态。句意：在上海可以看到430多种鸟类，约占中国鸟类总数的三分之一。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中充当谓语，其主语为birds，二者之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合提示词可知，应填be seen。故填be seen。 126. 考查非谓语动词。句意：城市里的大部分鸟类都是候鸟，路过城市的东南端。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中为非谓语，与逻辑主语birds为主动关系。故填passing。 127. 考查定语从句。句意：长江与东海交汇的南汇和崇明东部浅滩是重要的候鸟栖息地。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词The eastern shoals，且先行词在从句中充当地点状语。故填where。 128. 考查词性转换。句意：长江与东海交汇的南汇和崇明东部浅滩是重要的候鸟栖息地。根据句意及提示词可知，上海的浅滩对于候鸟而言，是非常重要的，此处需要形容词作表语。故填significant。 129. 考查介词。句意：在上海，人们对观鸟的兴趣日益浓厚，这对环境保护起到了有效的作用。名词interest表示“兴趣”时，常与介词in搭配。故填in。 130. 考查动词时态。句意：在上海，人们对观鸟的兴趣日益浓厚，这对环境保护起到了有效的作用。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语now可知，此处应使用现在进行时，主语为the growing interest，单数形式，谓语也用单数。故填is playing。 5 131. a 132. being 133. that 134. compared 135. of 136. are regarded 137. their 138. extremely 139. To hit 140. additional 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究发现鲨鱼吃人是因为它们把人误以为是海豹。 131. 考查冠词。句意：一个人被鲨鱼杀死的几率只有370万分之一，但这种恐惧仍然足以让游泳者担心被视为猎物。shark是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，shark是辅音音素开头。故填a。 132. 考查动名词。句意：一个人被鲨鱼杀死的几率只有370万分之一，但这种恐惧仍然足以让游泳者担心被视为猎物。about是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，且 swimmers 和see为被动关系，所以这里应用动名词的被动式being+过去分词。故填being。 133. 考查同位语从句。句意：现在，新的研究支持了这个由来已久的理论，即大白鲨咬人是“认错人”的结果。分析句子可知，这里是同位语从句，此空后面的完整句子用来解释说明前面名词the long-standing theory ，由句意可知，应用that引导。故填that。 134. 考查时态。句意：一组生物学家比较了海豹和人类游泳的视频。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，且A team of biologists和compare为主动关系。故填compared。 135. 考查固定短语。句意：然后，他们对这些片段进行编辑，模拟大白鲨的视觉，发现从海洋生物的角度来看，人类确实与海豹非常相似。point of view是固定短语，意为“观点，角度”，故填of。 136. 考查时态语态。句意：通常，大白鲨被视为‘盲目的杀手’和‘喜欢人肉’。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，great white sharks 和regard为被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语sharks是复数。故填are regarded。 137. 考查物主代词。句意：我们只是看起来像它们的食物。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们只是看起来像他们的食物”，空格处意为“它们的”，用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词food。故填their。 138. 考查副词。句意：它们每天吃海豹，咬人的情况极为罕见。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词extremely修饰形容词rare。故填extremely。 139. 考查不定式。句意：为了击中正确的目标，鲨鱼可以依靠其他感官，比如气味。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填To hit。 140. 考查形容词。句意：如果是这样的话，关于大白鲨如何使用这些感官的进一步研究可能有助于防止进一步的攻击。空格处用形容词additional作定语，修饰名词studies，additional意为“额外的”。故填additional。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$人教版2019必修第二册 Unit 2 Ⅰ. 重点词汇 1. aware adj. 意识到的; 知道, 发觉 【教材原句】 We must make people aware of the problem and help protect the endangered wildlife before it’s too late! (P14) 在一切都太晚之前, 我们必须让人们意识到这个问题, 帮助保护濒临灭绝的野生动物! 【词块必记】 (1)be aware that　　　　　　　 知道, 体会到…… make sb. aware of/that. . . 使某人注意到……; 提醒某人注意…… as far as I’m aware 据我所知 (2)develop an awareness of. . . 逐渐懂得…… raise awareness of 提高认识 arouse people’s awareness of 提高人们的……意识 【构词法】 adj. + ness= n. awareness, carelessness, happiness, sadness, tiredness, kindness, darkness, wetness 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Being aware __your own weakness is probably the key to success. ②Health officials have tried to raise _________ (aware) about AIDS among teenagers. ③He seems ________ (aware) of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it. of awareness unaware 完成句子 ④More and more people ______________________________________like walking, running, or swimming; some have begun to walk or ride bicycles to work instead of driving.   越来越多的人意识到定期锻炼的好处, 如散步、跑步或游泳; 有些人已经开 始步行或骑自行车上班, 而不是开车。 are aware of the benefits of regular exercise 完成句子 ①It is important that students ________________________________________.   重要的是学生们要逐渐懂得珍惜父母的爱。 句式升级 ②Through the activity, we realize the necessity of carrying out a low-carbon economy in our country. →Through the activity, we ___________the necessity of carrying out a low-carbon economy in our country.   develop an awareness of valuing parents’ love are aware of 2. concern vt. (使)担忧; 涉及; 关系到; n. 担心; 关注; (利害)关系 【典型例句】 It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. 是爱和关心带来了这些巨大的变化。 【词块必记】 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心 (2)concerned adj. 担心的; 关注的; 相关的 be concerned about/for 担心……; 关心…… be concerned with 与……有关; 涉及 as far as. . . be concerned 就……而言 (3)concerning prep. 关于; 有关 【知识拓展】“我认为”的表示法 in my opinion　　　　　　　　　 in my view to my mind for my part personally as for me I think/suppose/believe/hold the view that. . . I would say 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Our parents are concerned _____ our health. As far as I’m _________, we should talk with them and tell them our ________. (concern) ②Make sure you read some materials __________ (concern) poetry of the Tang Dynasty. 完成句子 ③__________________________________________________________, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.   我认为你可以通过各种活动更好地了解春节。 about concerned concerns concerning In my opinion/view/As far as I’m concerned/From my point of view 【典型例句】 If we could show concern for others in need, the world would be a better place to live in. 如果我们都能去关心其他有需求的人, 这个世界就会成为更美好的生活之地。 3. adapt vt. 使适应; 改编 【典型例句】 Meanwhile, I am quite independent and it is easy for me to adapt myself to new surroundings. 与此同时, 我相当独立, 我很容易适应新环境。 【词块必记】 (1)adapt. . . to. . . 　　　 使……适应或适合…… adapt (oneself) to 使(自己)适应或者习惯于…… adapt. . . from. . . 根据……改写(改编)…… adapt. . . for. . . 改编/改作……之用 (2)adaptable adj. 能适应的; 可修改的 (3)adaptation n. 适应; 改编; 改写本 【知识拓展】 adapt 表示“修改或改变以适应新条件” adjust 表示“调整, 调节, 使适应(一般与to连用)” adopt 表示“采取; 采用; 收养”, 拼写与adapt相近 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The television __________ (adapt) of the stage play was very successful. ② It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt __ the college life as soon as possible. ③Most of these tools have been specially adapted ___ use by disabled people. ④They have had to adapt __________(them)to a war economy. ⑤I have the greatest respect for and faith in the creative team ________(adapt) The Three-Body Problem for television audiences. adaptation to for themselves adapting 4. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 【典型例句】 The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, which always reminds us of the family reunion. 春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一, 它总是让我们想到家庭的团聚。 【词块必记】 remind sb. of/about sth. 　　　　　 提醒某人某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind (sb. )+that/how/what. . . 提醒…… 【知识拓展】 注意下面“v. +sb. +of sth. ”短语: ①cure sb. of sth. 　　　　 治好某人的病 ②accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事 ③cheat sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物 ④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 ⑤convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 ⑥rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①_________(remind) not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous. ②You must remind him ______(take) his medicine in case he forgets.   完成句子 ③_______________________________under no circumstances _______ abandon my learning goals ____ I set them.   我的老师总是提醒我, 一旦设定了学习目标, 在任何情况下都不应该放弃。 Reminded to take My teacher always reminds me that should I once 【典型例句】 After getting all the work done, we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees. 做完所有的工作后, 我们竖起了一个布告牌提醒人们保护这些树木。 完成句子 Although I carried the pain of loss with me along, _____________________the abundant kindness in the world. 尽管我承受着损失的痛苦, 他的帮助使我想起 了世间有很多的善举。  his help reminded me of Ⅱ. 核心短语 5. die out 灭亡; 逐渐消失 【教材原句】 Our planet’s wildlife is dying out at an alarming rate. (P14)我们行星上的野生动植物正以惊人的速率在消失。 【词块必记】 (1)die away　　　　 (声音, 风, 光线等)逐渐消失, 渐弱 die of/from 因……而死 die down 减弱; 平息 die off 相继死亡 (2)be dying for 很想要; 渴望 be dying to do sth. 极想干某事 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①On the Eve of the Spring Festival, we Chinese people like to play with fireworks, and the noise doesn’t die _____ until after midnight. ②You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return, which is exactly what I am dying ___. 完成句子 ③There will be outbreaks of rain, ______________________  将有阵雨, 稍后会逐渐停止。 down for gradually dying out later. 6. search for 搜寻, 查找 【典型例句】 (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. 我一直在寻找这三只我观察过的西部洼地大猩猩。好几个小时没有人看到过它们, 我和我的同事都很担心。 【词块必记】 (1)in one’s search for　　　　 寻找 (2)search sth. /sb. 搜查某物/搜身 search for=look for 寻找 search. . . for. . . 为找到……而搜查…… 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain in search __ the trapped climber. ②If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search ___ warm shelter. 完成句子 ③For decades, they struggled __________________________rice harvests, but without success.   几十年来, 他们努力寻找增加水稻产量的方法, 但没有成功。 of for to search for ways to increase Ⅲ. 经典句式 7. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes. 这就是我们来这里的原因——来观察藏羚羊。  【句型公式】 This/That is because. . . 　　　 这/那是因为…… This is the reason why. . . 这就是……的原因 The reason why. . . is that. . . ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句) The reason that. . . is. . . ……的原因是……(that引导同位语从句) 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The reason ____ he has had such a success is that he never gives up. ②He had an urgent thing to deal with. That was ____ he didn’t attend the meeting. 完成句子 ③_____________(这是因为) people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch.   why why This is because 【知识补充】 1. pressure n. 压力, 要求, 压强; 强制 【教材原句】 The authorities are under pressure to build elephant parks and tell people not to buy elephant products. (P15) 政府正承受着建立大象公园的压力并且告诉人们不要买大象的相关产品。 【词块必记】 (1)put pressure on. . . 　　　 给……施压 under pressure 面临压力; 受到压力 (2)press vi. &vt. 按; 压; 逼迫 n. 按; 压; 新闻 press. . . against/to. . . 把……压/挤/贴在…… press sb. to do sth. 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事 【构词法】 -ure表示“行为, 结果” pleasure, pressure, procedure exposure, enclosure, failure 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The firm is ________ me for a decision and the ________ from my parents is quite unbearable. (press) ②_______ (press) by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity. pressing pressure Pressed 完成句子 ③__________________________you are under, you will never give up halfway.   无论你有多么大的压力, 不要半途放弃。 ④They are _________________a quick decision.   他们正催促我们尽快做出决定。 ⑤He may have ______________her to agree.   他可能向她施加了压力, 迫使她同意。 No matter how much pressure pressing us to make put pressure on 【典型例句】 He gave me a lot of encouragement and pressed me to take up learning actively and confidently. 他给了我很多鼓励, 同时督促我积极自信地学习。 2. recover vi. &vt. 痊愈; 恢复; 找回, 寻回, 重新获得; 弥补 【典型例句】 (2019·天津高考)And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. 当猎物稀缺时, 如果掠食动物会转向更容易找到的另一种物种, 那么这种转变会使最初的那种猎物得以恢复。 【词块必记】 recover from　　　　　　 从……中恢复 recover oneself 恢复正常; 使清醒 recover losses/one’s lost watch 弥补损失/找回失去的手表 recovery n. 康复, 恢复 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①There is much chance that he will recover _____ his injury in time for the race. ②With my special care, my mother made a ________ (recover) quickly. from recovery 完成句子 ③The player is under good treatment and the chances are that _____________ _______ in time for the next game.   这个球员正在接受良好的治疗, 他有可能及时恢复正常参加下一场比赛。 ④_____________________________, he became healthy enough to jump around inside the cage.   当创伤恢复后, 他变得非常健康了, 并经常在笼子里面跳来跳去。 he will recover himself Having recovered from the injury 3. remove vt. 去掉, 开除; 脱掉; vi. 搬开, 移动, 搬家 【典型例句】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. 为此, 选择成熟的香蕉进行冷冻, 因为它们甜得多。剥掉皮, 把香蕉放在塑料袋或容器中进行冷冻。 【词块必记】 remove. . . from. . . 　　　　 把……从……移开/撤掉 remove sb. from one’s post 撤职; 开除 remove sb. from school 开除某人; 勒令某人退学 remove one’s doubt 消除某人的疑虑 【构词法】 re-表示以下的意义: “回”“向后”“再”“重新”“重复” reappear, rearrange, rebirth 【知识微练】 写出黑体部分的含义 ①Because of the serious air pollution, he decided to remove from the city to the countryside. ( ) ②It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognized him. ( ) ③Of the three columns concerning health, entertainment and culture, my suggestion is that the column of entertainment (should) be removed. ( ) 搬家 摘掉; 脱掉 删除 【典型例句】 Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the little girl helps to remove the bag from her mom’s shoulder. 意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定累了, 小女孩帮助妈妈把包从肩上拿下来。 4. due to 由于, 因为 【典型例句】 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛, 一定要归功于我的健康生活。 【词块必记】 (2)(be) due to sb. 应支付/给予/归于某人 (3)because of 因为(较口语化) owing to 因为(较正式) thanks to 因为; 多亏了 as a result of 因为 on account of 由于 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①The old man said the accident was due to careless driving, so a lot of money was due _________(pay)by the driver.   ②The young couple had meant to travel abroad, but they cancelled the trip due __ the tough budget. 完成句子 ③Any money _______________will be paid before the end of the month.   欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。 to be paid to that is due to you 【典型例句】 Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners. 由于大众的需求, 将举办一个针对诚挚的初学者的写作项目。 5. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.   只有当我们学会与大自然和谐共存时, 我们才会停止威胁到野生动植物和我们的星球。 【典型例句】 Only after you lose your health will you realize the importance of health. 只有在你失去健康后, 你才会意识到健康的重要性。 【句型公式】 (1)only在句首修饰作状语的副词或介词短语时, 句子要倒装。 (2)only在句首修饰状语从句时, 主句要用倒装语序, 从句不用倒装语序。 (3) only在句首修饰句子的主语时, 不用倒装语序。 (4) 含有否定意义的副词或连词, 如never, not, not only, little, seldom, hardly, not until, neither, nor, no sooner等放在句首时, 句子要用部分倒装形式。 【知识微练】 单句语法填空 ①Only when I left my parents for Italy ___(do) I realize how much I loved them. ②Never ____ I forget the days when we stayed together in the countryside. ③Only then ___ I realize how much time I wasted in playing computer games. 句式升级 ④Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake. (强调句型) →______only when we had studied the data again ____ we realized that there was a mistake.   did will did It was that 附1： 1. 话题词汇 ①protect v. 　　　 保护 ②population n. 种群 ③environment n. 环境 ④pollution n. 污染 ⑤rare adj. 珍稀的 ⑥habitat n. 栖息地 ⑦balance n. 平衡 ⑧melt v. 融化 ⑨disappear v. 消失 ⑩damage v. 破坏 ⑪human beings 人类 ⑫live in harmony with 与……和谐相处 2. 话题句式 ①It’s wrong for people to hunt animals for their meat and feather. 人们为了肉和羽毛而猎杀动物的是错误的。 ② We should protect them instead of killing them. 我们应该保护它们而不是杀害它们。 ③We shouldn’t pollute water and environment or cut down so many trees. 我们不应该污染水和环境或砍伐这么多的树木。 ④Giant pandas, which are one of the endangered animals, live in the forest and live on bamboo. 大熊猫是濒危动物之一, 它们生活在森林里, 以竹子为食。 ⑤Stop killing and protect wild animals. 停止杀戮, 保护野生动物。 ⑥Love animals, so that human beings are not alone! 爱护动物, 让人类不孤单! ⑦Protecting wild animals is a better choice for human beings! 保护野生动物是人类更好的选择! ⑧Is it right to make animals homeless so that humans can have more paper? 为了让人类有更多的纸而让动物无家可归, 这样做对吗? 【阅读拓展】 　　Lucy is a little girl. She loves all animals — from rabbits and tortoises to parrots and squirrels. Last summer, she was sent to live with her grandparents in the countryside. 露西是一个小女孩。她喜欢所有的动物——从兔子、乌龟到鹦鹉和松鼠。去年夏天, 她被送到乡下和爷爷奶奶住在一起。 主题活动·迁移应用 附2： 　 Life in the countryside was peaceful. However, one day after lunch, Lucy shouted loudly from the kitchen. Her grandma hurried into the kitchen. She thought there must have been an accident. But Lucy was not injured at all. Instead, the little girl was standing on top of the dining table. She looked scared, pointing towards a broom in the corner. 农村的生活很平静。然而, 有一天午饭后, 露西在厨房里大喊大叫。她奶奶急忙走进厨房。她认为一定是发生了意外。但是露西一点儿也没受伤。相反, 小女孩站在餐桌上。她看起来很害怕, 指着角落里的一把扫帚。 “What is it? ” asked Grandma. “怎么啦? ”奶奶问。 “A mouse! ” cried Lucy. “一只老鼠! ”露西叫道。 “Is it huge? ” “它很大吗? ” “No, ” said the little girl. “It is just a small mouse. ” “不, ”小女孩说。“它只是一只小老鼠。” 　　Grandma chuckled to herself. Soon, Lucy couldn’t help but join in. As Grandma brought her granddaughter down from the table, she asked, “Why do you fear mice so much? Don’t you like all animals? ” 奶奶暗自发笑。不久, 露西忍不住也加入了进来。奶奶把孙女从桌子上抱下来, 问道: “你为什么这么怕老鼠? ”你不喜欢所有的动物吗? ” “I just can’t help it. Each time I see a mouse. ” “每次我看到老鼠, 我就是忍不住。” I want to shout. I don’t like the way they look, ” Lucy answered. “我想大喊。我不喜欢它们的样子。”露西回答。 Grandma smiled and said, “Oh, that’s not very nice. They cannot change the way they look, can they? ” 奶奶笑着说: “哦, 那可不太好。它们不能改变它们的外貌, 是吗? ” “When I was a little girl, there was a war, ” Grandma continued. “We were not allowed to play out on the streets. Watching mice was fun and helped me forget about my troubles. And it turned out that mice were excellent teachers. They showed me how to walk quietly. Thanks to that little trick, I was able to visit my friends who lived across the street. I also learned from mice how to hide myself from soldiers and avoid problems. ” “当我还是个小女孩的时候, 有一场战争, ”奶奶继续说。“我们不允许在街上玩耍。看老鼠很有趣, 帮助我忘记了我的烦恼。结果证明老鼠是很好的老师。它们教我如何安静地走路。多亏了这个招, 我才能拜访住在街对面的朋友。我还从老鼠身上学会了如何躲避士兵和避免麻烦。” 　　Lucy was surprised. “Perhaps, ” she said, “mice are not so bad after all. ” 露西很惊讶。“也许, ”她说, “老鼠毕竟没那么坏。” Just then, the mouse that had scared Lucy appeared from behind the broom and ran out into the garden. As Lucy watched the mouse disappear, she promised herself that she would change her attitude. 就在这时, 吓着露西的那只老鼠从扫帚后面出现了, 跑进了花园。当露西看着老鼠消失时, 她向自己保证要改变她的态度。 聆听经典·话题热身 【词汇应用】 《今夜爱无限》是电影《狮子王》的插曲, 由Elton John作曲, Tim Rice填词。这首歌是因主角辛巴爱上自己的童年好友娜拉而诞生的。歌词主要表达在自然、爱以及活着的快乐中寻求一种平和。 附3： 注: 听音填空 Can You Feel the Love Tonight There’s a calm surrender to the rush of day When the heat of a rolling world can be ①___________  An enchanted moment and it sees me through It’s enough for this restless Warrior just to be with you And can you ②___________tonight?   It is where we are It’s enough for this wide-eyed wanderer turned away feel the love That we got this far And can you feel the love tonight? How it’s laid to rest? It’s enough to make kings and vagabonds Believe the very best ③________________________  If they only learn That the twisting kaleidoscope moves us all in turn There’s a time for everyone There’s a rhyme and reason to ④_______________  When the heart of this star-crossed Voyager beats in time with yours And can you feel the love tonight? It is where we are It’s enough for this wide-eyed wanderer That we got this far And can you feel the love tonight? How it’s laid to rest? the wild outdoors It’s enough to make kings and vagabonds Believe the very best It’s enough to make kings and vagabonds Believe the very best 【词汇补充】 译文: 《今夜爱无限》 当匆忙的一天渐入平静 当世界的燥热即将褪尽 那令人迷醉的时刻浸透我心 平抚这躁动不安的斗士, 只要能和你在一起, 今夜你可感受到爱? 它正与你我同行 此爱, 让流浪者叹讶长久 我们的爱已足够 今夜你可感受到爱? 心潮澎湃又怎能入睡? 要让无论贫富都坚信爱至高无上 知足了 也许有一天 当每个人都能够明白时 变幻的美丽景致也将感动我们 那狂野的天地都将产生美好的韵律和意义 也许我只是迷茫浪者 但只要我的心能与你一起跳动 今夜你可感受到爱? 它正与你我同行 此爱, 让流浪者叹讶长久 我们的爱已足够 今夜你可感受到爱? 心潮澎湃又怎能入睡? 要让无论贫富都坚信爱至高无上 知足了 要让无论贫富都坚信爱至高无上 知足了 认知词汇: deer, kangaroo, insect, net, binoculars, dolphin, koala, stir, skin 拓展词汇: 1.reduce→ reduction 2.neighbourhood→ neighbour 3.emotion→ emotional 4.unusual→ unusually → usual→ usually 应用词汇: 1. reduce: reduce to/by; be reduced to doing 2.due: be due to; be due to do; due to 词汇清单 1.It is hard work, but the young people working at the shelter think it is worth it.(现在分词短语作定语) 2.It is for this reason that the WWF constantly puts up information to stir up public interest in the welfare of the planet.(强调句It is/was+被强调部分 +that…) 核心短语 search for; stir up 重点句式 $$