Unit 4 Words and Expressions 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

Unit 4 Words and Expressions 用生命呼吁：增强减灾意识，减少人员伤亡 —联合国国际减灾战略(2016) This phrase signifies the importance of creating awareness about critical issues, such as health or safety, so people can lead healthier, longer lives. The concept of "live to tell" conveys survival and sharing experiences to educate others, ultimately aiming to decrease death rates. Quote: Live to tell: Raising awareness, reducing mortality. tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风；旋风 drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾；久旱 landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. (landfall) 崩塌；滑坡 tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ n. 海啸 volcanic eruption /vɒlˈkænɪk ɪ'rʌpʃn/ 火山喷发 3 flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；大量 vi 淹没；大量涌入 vt. 使灌满水；淹没 搭配： v. flood in涌入，大量地涌到 n. a flood of 一大批… 例句： A wave of happiness flooded me. 我心中涌起一股幸福的暖流。 4 rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & vt. 营救；救援 搭配： come to/ go to one's rescue援救某人 =rescue sb. rescue ... from ... 把...从...中营救出来 例句： In the face of the disaster, people united to fight against the disaster, making every effort together to rescue the trapped people. 5 damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害；破坏 n. 损坏；损失 搭配： damage one's health　 　损害某人的健康 cause damage (to) (对……)造成损害 do great damage to 对……造成巨大的损害 辨析： damage损坏后可修复 destroy彻底摧毁无法修复 例句： There is no denying that our Earth is suffering severe damage. 6 affect /əˈfekt/ vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 派生： affection n.喜爱 搭配： be affected by 受到……的影响 be greatly/deeply affected by 被……深深打动 be affected with+疾病 患有...疾病 affect sb./sth. 影响某人/ 某事 一词多义： ① This can affect your work. 影响 ② The audience were deeply affected by the moving story. 打动 ③ Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives. (疾病)侵袭 7 shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt. 保护；掩蔽 vi. 躲避（风雨或危险） 搭配： shelter...from... 保护/ 遮蔽...不受... take shelter from 躲避 shelter from ...　 躲避…… 例句： The first thing he did was seek shelter from the freezing wind and snow. 8 in ruins /ɪn 'ruːɪnz/ 严重受损；破败不堪 搭配： n. be/lie in ruins成为废墟;毁灭 fall into ruin破败不堪 reduce...to ruins 使……成为废墟 v. ruin sth./sb.毁坏某物/某人 ruin one's hope 使某人的希望破灭 ruin one’s health/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途 例句： When we reached the destination, we saw an old temple in ruins. 9 shock /ʃɒk/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊 派生： shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的 搭配： v. shock sb. to hear/learn/discover 听到/得知/发现……使某人震惊 be shocked by/ at 对...吃惊 be shocked to do sth.做某事感到震惊 n. in shock 吃惊;休克 a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊 注意： shocked (adj.) “感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受； shocking (adj.) “令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。 例句： I looked at him in shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything. 10 trap /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 搭配： v. be/get trapped in 被困在……中;陷入困境 trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱骗某人(做)某事 n. fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱 set a trap for 给……设圈套 例句： A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days. 11 bury /ˈberi/ vt. 埋葬；安葬 派生： bury...in...把……埋到……里 bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 be buried in=bury oneself in埋头于；沉浸于 例句： She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 12 breathe /briːð/ vi. & vt. 呼吸 派生： breath n. 呼吸；(空气的)微微流动→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 搭配： breathe in 吸入 breathe out 呼出 breathe into 注入 hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 气喘吁吁地，上气不接下气地 take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸 例句： When I climbed the half way, I was very tired and quite out of breath. 13 effort /ˈefət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 搭配： make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 with great effort 努力地 through sb.’s efforts 经过某人的努力 句式： It takes effort to do sth.做某事需要努力 例句： I told myself I should never give up. Then I pulled out the weeds with great effort. 14 suffer /sʌfə/ vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 派生： suffering n. 折磨；苦难→sufferer n.患病者；受苦者 搭配： suffer losses/ pains/ damage　遭受损失/ 痛苦/破坏 suffer from 患……病；因……而受苦 例句： The delighted man warmly welcomed us, telling us his wife suffered from a variety of illnesses. 15 supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应（量）；补给；[pl. ] 补给品 vt. 供应；供给 搭配： be well/poorly supplied with 供应充足/缺乏 in short supply 供不应求 a good/ constant supply of ... 充足的/ 持续的……的供应 supply sth. to sb.= supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物 例句： The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen. 16 survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 派生： survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→survivor n.幸存者 搭配： survive on 依靠……生存下来 survive from 从……存活下来流传下来 survive ... by ... 比……多活多久 一词多义： ①He was very lucky that he didn‘t starve to death, but survived the cold winter. 艰难度过 ②The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea. 生存；存活 ③The old lady has survived her elder brother by ten years. 比……活得长 17 power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 派生： powerful adj. 强大的→powerless adj. 无力的 搭配： in the power of 在......的控制下； be in power 执政；掌权 come to power上台；执政 have the power to do sth　具有做某事的能力 beyond one's power 力所不能及的 例句： He reached for his cell phone to call the police, but found it out of power. If only he had charged his phone. 18 calm /kɑːm/ adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静 搭配： v. calm oneself 使自己镇静 calm sb.使某人镇静下来 calm down 安静下来 calm sb down　使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来 adj. stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静 例句： It is important to keep/ stay calm in the face of danger. 19 aid /eɪd/ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt. 帮助；援助 搭配： n. first aid kit 急救箱 in aid of　为了帮助…… with the aid of 在……的帮助下 come to one's aid 来帮助某人 v. aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人(做)某事 aid sb with sth　 以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb to do sth　 帮助某人做某事 例句： These volunteers are collecting money in aid of the poor children. 20 sweep /swiːp/ vt. & vi. (swept, swept) 打扫；清扫 搭配： sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 sweep up 清扫 sweep into 把……扫入……;昂然走进 例句： In this way, “sweeping the dust” before the Spring Festival means a thorough cleaning of houses to sweep away bad luck in the past year. 21 wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪；波浪 vi. & vt. 挥手；招手 搭配： give sb a wave　向某人挥手 wave goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别 wave to/ at sb 向某人挥手 例句： Huge waves were breaking on the shore. 22 strike /straɪk/ vi. & vt. 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 搭配： v. be struck by 被……打动/迷住 strike... into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 n. go on strike 举行罢工 be on strike 在罢工 句式： It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起…… 一词多义： ① The clock struck twelve when I got home last night. (钟)敲 ② A terrible earthquake did strike the city on 11 March. 侵袭 ③ A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper. 突然想到 ④ The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake. 打动；把……迷住 例句： Terror and death struck, and her heart was beating painfully fast, banging against her ribs. 23 deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vi. & vt. 传递；传达 vt. 发表 派生： delivery n.递送（商品）; 分娩; 演说风格 搭配： deliver sth. to sb.给某人送某物 deliver a speech/lecture 演讲/讲课 be delivered of... 分娩…… 例句： I’m having some flowers delivered for her birthday. 24 effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果 搭配： effective adj. 有效果的→effectively adv. 有效地 搭配： side effect 副作用 in effect 事实上；有效；在实施中 come into/take effect 生效;见效 have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响 be of no effect 无效果的 bring/carry/put ... into effect 实施;使……生效/起作用 例句： There is no doubt that reading books can have a good effect on children. 25 1. destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭→destruction n.破坏；毁灭 2. survive vi. 存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过→survivor n. 幸存者；→survival n. 幸存 3. death n. 死；死亡→dead adj. 无生命的→ die vi.死；死亡→ dying adj. 垂死的 → deadly adj. 致命的 4. percent n. 百分之…… adj. & adv.每一百中→percentage n.百分率；百分比 5. shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的 6. electric adj.用电的；电动的→electrical adj.电的；用电的→electricity n. 电 7. breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸；(空气的)微微流动→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 8. revive vt. & vi. 复活；(使)苏醒→revival n. 振兴；复苏 9. unify vi. & vt. 统一；(使)成一体→unite vi. & vt. 团结 10. wise adj.有智慧的；聪明的→wisdom n.智慧；才智 11. suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n. 折磨；苦难→sufferer n.患病者；受苦者 12. erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n. 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 13. survive vi. 生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物→survivor n.幸存者 14. power n. 能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj. 强大的→powerless adj. 无力的 15. effect n. 影响；结果；效果→effective adj. 有效果的→effectively adv.有效地 16. length n. 长；长度→long adj. 长的 $$