Unit 3 Words and Expressions 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

Unit 3 Words and Expressions 全民运动（人人都有运动的权利和自由）。 ---皮埃尔·德· 顾拜旦 Sports should be accessible and inclusive to everyone, regardless of age, gender, ability, or background. It emphasizes the importance of providing opportunities for participation in sports activities to all individuals, promoting a sense of community, health, and well-being. Quote: All sports for all people. fitness /ˈfɪtnəs/ n. 健康；健壮；适合 近义词：health 反义词：illness 派生： fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合 unfit adj.不适合的 搭配： v. fit in/with... 与......合得来；与......相适应 fit sb for胜任 adj. be fit for胜任；适合；合格 keep fit保持健康 be fit to do sth. 适合做某事 例句: In the past, people seem to think women are only fit for cooking and washing. 3 soccer /ˈsɒkə(r)/ n. 足球；足球运动 boxing /ˈbɒksɪŋ/ n. 拳击（运动） badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ n. 羽毛球运动 marathon /ˈmærəθən/ n. 马拉松 拓展：与come相关的短语 come up with想出；找出 come true实现 come about（某事）发生 come out出现；出版 come up走进；被提及 when it comes to ... 当涉及…；当谈到… come across (偶然)遇见；被理解；被弄懂 come along /kʌm əˈlɒŋ/ 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 一词多义： ①There is a lecture tonight and you're welcome to come along. 跟随 ②Your French has come along a lot recently after you improved your study methods. 进步 ③When the right opportunity comes along, take it. 到达 ④Come along! We are already late. 快点 派生： hostess 女主人；女老板；女服务员 搭配： n. a host of 许多，一大群；众多 the host city 主办城市/东道主 v. host country东道国；主办国；所在国 host a dinner / party 招待客人/主持聚会 host /həʊst/ vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人 host 男主人 hostess 女主人 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 waiter 服务生 waitress 女服务员 prince 王子 princess 公主 词缀： 一词多义： ①We must work out a good idea to have a cheap holiday. 想出 ②You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible. 制订出 ③It's so difficult that we can't work out the maths problem. 计算出 ④The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 锻炼 拓展：与work相关的短语 work with 和...一起工作 work for 为...工作 work as 以...身份工作 work on 从事于...... work out /wɜːk aʊt/ 锻炼；计算出；解决 make it /meɪk ɪt/ 获得成功；准时到达 拓展：与make相关的短语 make up for... 弥补... make one's way (to...) 去...，前往... make the most use of... 充分利用... be made of... 由...制造（从成品中能看出原料） be made from... 由...制造（从制成品中看不出原料） make up ①编造 ②组成 ③化妆 ④和解 make out ①勉强看见;听出 ②理解;弄清 ③写出;开列 一词多义： ①The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 获得成功 ②The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we'll never make it. 准时到达 ③He didn't make it to another summer and died that winter. 渡过难关 ④I'm sorry I didn't make it to your lecture last Sunday. 能够出席 athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员；运动健儿 athlete n. adj. athletic adv. athletically economy economic economically energy energetic energetically history historic historically master /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ n. 高手；主人 vt. 精通；掌握 搭配： have a good master of ...　精通…… a master at (doing) sth （做）某事的能手 master’s degree 硕士学位 一词多义： ①It is clear that this painting is the work of a master. 高手 ②I find it very hard to master a foreign language. 精通；掌握 例句： To master Mandarin, you should practice with native speakers as much as possible. honour /'ɒnə(r)/ n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 派生： honourable adj.可敬的→ honoured adj.受尊敬的 搭配： have the honour of doing/ to do sth 有幸做某事 in honour of ... 向……表示敬意；为了纪念…… feel honoured to do sth＝feel it an honour to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 句式： It's my great honour to do sth = It's a great honour for me to do sth 我非常荣幸做某事 例句： It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “Be smart online learners”. championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 拓展：-ship 表示身份；地位；资格；状态 friend friendship 友谊 relation relationship 关系 member membership 会员 leader leadership 领导地位；领导力 sportsman sportsmanship 运动员精神 flag flagship 旗舰 determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心；决定 派生： determine v. 决定；判决→determined adj.坚决的 搭配： determine on sth. 决定某事 determine to do sth. 决定 做某事 be determined to do sth. 决定 做某事 (状态) with determination 坚决地 例句： The next week, she told me she wanted to try again, looking up at me with determination. fall apart /fɔːl əˈpɑːt/ 破裂；破碎；崩溃 一词多义： ①After only one year, their friendship fell apart.破裂 ②The beautiful vase dropped on the ground and fell apart.破碎 ③She has a strong will and won't fall apart in hard times.崩溃 拓展：与apart相关的短语 take ... apart 拆开…… tell ... apart 把……区别开来 apart from 除……之外 injure /ˈɪndʒə(r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害 派生： injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤 搭配： do sb. an injury / do an injury to sb. / give sb. an injury 伤害某人 get injured 受伤 例句： Unluckily, he had his ankle injured when he was cycling along the valley. graceful /ˈgreɪsfl/ adj. 优美的；优雅的 grace + ful (adj.后缀，表示“充满，有”) hope + ful hopeful 有希望的 skill + ful skillful 有技巧的 grate + ful grateful 感激的 wonder + ful wonderful 极好的 regret + ful regretful 后悔的 strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量；体力 搭配： build up one's strength强身健体 have / find the strength to do sth. 有做某事的勇气 one's own strengths and weakness自己的强项和弱项 拓展： strong adj. n. strength v. strengthen long length lengthen wide width widen deep depth deepen failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败；失败的人（或事物） 派生： fail vi.& vt. 失败；未做；不及格 搭配： end in failure 以失败告终 fail to do sth 未能做成某事 一词多义： ① As a matter of fact, he thought of himself as a failure.失败者 ② She was very sad for her continued failure to find a job. 失败 例句： Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm. give up /gɪv ʌp/ 放弃；投降 拓展：与give相关的短语 give in　　屈服；投降；让步(后跟to sb)；上交 give out　 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽 give off　 放出；发出(光、热、气味等) give away　 泄露；赠送 例句： Although the weather condition was poor and the wind was still fierce, they didn't give up hope of finding him. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ vi. 竞争；对抗 派生： competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的 搭配： compete in ...　参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for ... 为……而竞争 compete with/ against ... for ... 为……与……对抗/竞争 make sense /meɪk sens/ 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 搭配： make no sense　　没道理；没意义 make sense of ... 理解；明白 句式： There’s no sense in doing sth. 做某事没好处 拓展：与sense相关的短语 a sense of responsibility责任感 common sense 常识 come to one's senses 恢复理性;苏醒 lose one's senses 失去理智 in a sense / in one sense / in some senses 从某种意义上说 in no sense 决不（【注意】置句首则部分倒装） pretend /prɪˈtend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮 搭配： pretend＋that从句　假装…… pretend＋ 例句： Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. cheat /tʃiːt/ vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子 搭配： get cheated 被骗 cheat sb. into (doing) sth. 哄骗/欺骗某人(做)某事 cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物（不带双宾语） diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 规定饮食；日常饮食 vi. 节食 搭配： go on a diet 节食；控制饮食(表动作) be on a diet 在节食(表状态) a balanced/ healthy diet　 均衡的/ 健康的饮食 例句： No one can deny the fact that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet benefit our health greatly. make a difference /meɪk ə ˈdɪfrəns/ 有作用或影响 搭配： make no difference (to sb/ sth) 对(某人/ 物)没有作用或影响 make some difference (to sb/ sth) 对(某人/ 物)有些作用或影响 句式： it makes a difference to sb＋wh－从句 ……对某人来说有作用或影响 注意： difference前可以加上big、great等形容词，表示程度。 例句： It's everyone's responsibility to protect the environment. If we can change our way of life, we can make a big difference to the earth. rather than /ˈrɑːðə(r) ðən/ 而不是 注意： (1) rather than是并列连词，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。 (2) rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与其前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (3) rather than与would连用时，构成would rather ... than ... 结构，意为“宁愿……而不愿……”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。 例句： It is the time and energy we spend on the present that make it valuable rather than the money we pay. cut ... out /kʌt aʊt/ 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下 拓展：与cut相关的短语 cut back 缩减;削减 cut down ①砍倒 ②减少; 缩减 cut in ①插嘴;打断 ②强行超车 cut off 切掉; 切断; [常用于被动语态]使隔绝 cut up 切碎; 使心碎 cut across 抄近路 一词多义： ①I like this article so much that I cut it out of the newspaper. 剪下 ②He has decided to cut out smoking and drinking. 停止做 ③His right arm was cut off because of the serious wound. 切掉 compare ... with/to ... 与……比较 派生： comparison n. 比校;比拟 comparable adj. 可比的，可比较的；类似的，同类的 comparative n. （形容词或副词的）比较级；对手 搭配： compare ... to ...　 把……比喻为…… compared with/to ... 与……相比 例句： Compared with other great stadiums in our city, the sports ground in our school is no less gorgeous, with a standard football field and four advanced basketball courts. 同类事物间的比较 把……比喻成…… (两种不同事物间抽象比较) stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安 派生： stressful adj.　 产生压力的；紧张的 stressed adj.　 焦虑不安的 搭配： n. under stress　在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on / upon sth. 强调;着重于 v. stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性 一词多义： ①In the first class, we learnt pronunciation, stress and intonation. 重音 ②He stressed that we should pay more attention to our safety in particular. 强调 ③Actually, a lot of teenagers are under great stress. 压力 1. fitness n. 健康；适合→fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.适合→unfit adj.不适合的 2. host vt.主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n. 女主人 3. honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的→honoured adj.受尊敬的 4. athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿→athletic adj. 运动的 5. championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→champion n. 冠军；优胜者 6. determination n. 决心；决定→determine v. 决心→determined adj.坚决的 7. injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤 8. strength n. 力量；体力；优势，长处→strengthen v. 增强→strong adj.强壮的 9. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail v. 失败 10. compete vi.竞争；对抗→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitor n. 竞争者；对手→competitive adj.竞争的 11. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.充满压力的→stressed adj.感到压力的 $$