Unit 6 Nature in Words Developing ideas 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册

外研版选择性必修三 Unit 6 Nature in words An infographic is a collection of imagery, charts, and minimal text that gives an easy-to-understand overview of a topic. Do you know infographic? Infographics are great for making complex information easy to digest. They can be helpful anytime you want to: Provide a quick overview of a topic Explain a complex process Display research findings or survey data Summarize a long blog post or report Compare and contrast multiple options Raise awareness about an issue or cause Why are infographics used? Look at the infographic below and answer the questions. Facts about DDT: DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide. It stays in the environment. It is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans. Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria control. [məˈleərɪə] (疟疾) 4 How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain? is sprayed onto plants leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes is absorbed by plants is consumed by animals contaminates fish What harm does DDT cause? DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans. a book that led to the banning of DDT 6 Pesticides were yesterday’s gospel, but today’s disaster. 农药是昨天的福音，今天的灾难 Rachel Carson, writer, scientist, and ecologist, grew up simply in the rural river town of Springdale, Pennsylvania.  1941: Under the Sea-Wind  1951: The Sea Around Us 1955: The Edge of the Sea  1962: Silent Spring Read the book review on Silent Spring. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage. Book Review: an article in a newspaper or magazine giving opinion on a book. 10 Basic information about the book, including the author, year of publication, theme and main idea; The reason why this book is published; Features of the writing; Comments on this book; Influence of this book. Now read the passage and check your prediction. Silent Spring Read for structure. Book Review Para. 1-2 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5-6 Para. 6 Basic information Content of this book Influence of this book Comments on this book Features of the writing Read for main idea of each paragraph. The opening of the book. Basic information. the author, year of publication, theme, main idea, reason for publication Some unsuccessful solutions. The book’s impact. Comments on this book. The book deserves to be reread. 14 Organize information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring. Author: Rachel Carson Year of publication: ______ Purposes: Carson aimed to alert people to ________________________________ on natural ecosystems. She wished to see pesticides used in a ________________________________ __________________way. the damaging effects of human activity 1962 more responsible, limited and carefully monitored Read for details. _____________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television to ____________________. Features of the book: Carson wrote a lot of ______________________________________________ in the book. The arguments are strong, and the language is ______________________. scientific information, examples and research beautiful and elegant Opposing voices: The pesticide industry defend her claims Read for details. Influence of the book: __________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US. Carson earned a posthumous ____________________________. The book changed the world by increasing people’s ___________________________. The use of DDT Presidential Medal of Freedom environmental awareness Read for details. Now work in pairs. Talk about which aspects of the book review make you want to read the book. The influence of the book arouse my interest in reading the book. Because The book Silent Spring triggered an environmental movement and as such we have known the toxic effects of chemical agriculture, basically from the very beginning. We have suffered both massive environmental damage, disease and pest resistance, and human health issues. Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson. Read the passage again and make notes about Rachel Carson’s contributions to environmental protection. Consider the following: her most influential work what points she tried to make difficulties she met with her personal qualities Rachel Carson received her Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980. Read the excerpt from President Carter’s award speech and note the language features. Never silent herself in the face of destructive trends, Rachel Carson fed a spring of awareness across America and beyond. Always concerned, always eloquent, she created a tide of environmental consciousness that has not ebbed. Think & Share 1 Why was Silent Spring so successful? Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain. Think & Share 2 What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”? The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it. 3 Why did some people challenge Carson's findings? Some people challenged Carson's findings because they were concerned about the negative impact they would have on business in the pesticide industry. Think & Share 4 In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people's awareness of nature? First Snow shows the beauty of nature– and in particular the snow-through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people's awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behaviour. Thanks！ Lavf58.29.100 Bilibili VXCode Swarm Transcoder v0.6.37 $$ 外研版选择性必修三 Unit 6 Nature in words Using language 1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. a　...I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted. b　...wake up to find yourself in another quite different，... c　...I can see the children flattening their noses against the window，... d　...flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow... 1 What is the difference between the verbs in bold in sentences (a) and (c)? 2 In sentence (b), does “to find” indicate purpose or result? 3 In sentence (d), does “to watch” indicate purpose or result? What is the function of “falling”? “Carpeted” in sentence (a) is a past participle used as complement and “flattening” in sentence (c) is a present participle used as complement. In sentence (b), “to find” indicates result. In sentence (d), “to watch” indicates purpose; “falling” is an attributive used to describe the snow. 2 ..., whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excited as if Christmas had suddenly come round again. ..., and last year I was out of the country, sweating in hot climate,... ,... with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk,... ..., and all the trees so many black and threatening shapes. There were indeed something curiously disturbing about the whole prospect. Now look for more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. Review: non-finite forms as attributive, adverbial and complement 非谓语动词 非谓语作主语 非谓语作宾语 非谓语作表语 非谓语作定语 非谓语作状语 非谓语作补足语 不定式to do 动名词/ 现在分词doing 过去分词done 不定式to do 作定语 不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后。 Is this the best way to help him? Your wish to be a scientist is quite understandable. 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。 The next train to arrive was from Chengdu. Please give me something to drink. We students should have the courage to face any difficulty. Now it is time to begin our meeting. 5 不定式to do 作状语 动词不定式作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的原因、目的、结果。 He came here to attend an important meeting. Sam was very surprised to hear the news. He went home to find his old friend George waiting for him. 目的 原因 结果 6 不定式to do 作补足语 带to的不定式 I’d like you to keep everything tidy. The teacher asked us to finish the work today. Can you remind me to phone Ann tomorrow? want ask help would like would love expect beg mean(=intend) would prefer would hate tell remind force enable teach order warn invite persuade get advise recommend encourage allow permit forbid 不定式to do 作补足语 不带to的不定式 用于使役动词let、make和have后面 Her parents wouldn’t let her go out alone. The boss made the workers work 14 hours a day. The teacher often has his students read aloud in class. 用于感官动词feel, hear, see和watch等后面 I felt something crawl up my arm. Did you hear him go out? They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. They watched the bus disappear into the distance. V-ing形式作定语 单个的动词-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。 drinking water = a walking stick = a reading room = a writing desk = tiring music = water for drinking 饮用水 a stick for walking 手杖 a room for reading 阅览室 a desk for writing 写字台 music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 V-ing形式作定语 若单个的动词-ing形式修饰的词为those, something, everything, nothing 等代词时，则-ing形式要放在其后。 He is reading something interesting. There is nothing amazing. V-ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 10 V-ing形式作定语 -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. V-ing形式作状语 V-ing形式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的原因、时间、结果、条件、伴随、让步和方式等，起作用相当于状语从句或并列句。 Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. His father died, leaving the family even worse off. Using your head, you will find a good way. Studying hard, he didn’t pass the exam. He earns a living driving a truck. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 时间 原因 结果 条件 让步 方式 伴随 When I walked in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. Because he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. His father died and left the family even worse off. Though he studied hard, he didn’t pass the exam. If you use your head, you will find a good way. He sat in the chair and read a newspaper. He earns a living by driving a truck. 12 V-ing形式作状语 V-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。 Looking out of the window, a cat was walking along the wall. Looking out of the window, we saw a cat walking along the wall. V–ing 用于某些固定搭配中，表示说话人的态度、观点等，如：generally speaking, frankly/honestly speaking, judging by/from, considering/seeing, supposing 等。 Supposing it rains, we will put off the sports meeting. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls. 13 V-ing形式作补足语 see, watch, hear, feel, notice, smell等感官动词后接V-ing作宾语补足语, 表示该动作正在进行。 I didn’t notice him waiting. I felt an ant climbing over my leg. have, leave, keep等使役动词后接V-ing作宾语补足语, 表示“使处于某种状态”。 They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning. Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting a long time. V-ed形式作定语 单个-ed作定语。 及物动词的-ed形式作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。 a broken cup 一个破杯子 a wounded soldier 一名伤员 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语时只有完成意义。 a grown woman 一位成年妇女 an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯 V-ed短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my daughter 15 V-ed形式作状语 V-ed形式用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或方式，相当于状语从句或并列句。逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。 Asked what had happened, he kept silent. Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. Left alone at home, the little boy didn’t feel afraid at all. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by some students. 时间 原因 条件 让步 伴随 When he was asked what had happened, he kept silent. Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by some students. Although he was left alone at home, the little boy didn’t feel afraid at all. 16 V-ed形式作补足语 like, want, wish, order等后面接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示命令或希望某件事被完成。 I want the suit made to his own measure. He didn’t wish it mentioned. see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等感官动词后接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示该动作与宾语之间是被动关系或者该动作已经完成。 I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. have, get, make, leave, keep等使役动词后接V-ed作宾语补足语, 表示动作由他人完成。 We’re having our car repaired. 1. (2024年新课标Ⅱ卷) Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___________(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 2. (2024年新课标Ⅱ卷) visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed _____________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 3. (2024年新课标Ⅱ卷) (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was being performed.” inspired to find Recalling 4. (2024年新课标Ⅰ卷) These sepals open on warm days ________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 5. (2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, __________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.  6. (2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message __________ (intend) for everyone.  7. (2023·全国甲卷) For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. to give borrowing intended to teacher 8. (2023•新课标I卷) Shanghai may be the ____59____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 9. (2023•新课标I卷) There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 10. (2023•新课标I卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _________ (want) more next time.   recognized to be lifted wanting Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. The Lake Poets were a small group of poets 1　　　　 (live) in the Lake District of England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Lake District, 2　　　　(know) for its beauty，is in the north-west of England. The first of the poets 3　 　　　(come) there was Robert Southey, one of the most 4　　 　　 (respect) poets of his time. He was followed by William Wordsworth, perhaps Britain’s most 5　 　　　(celebrate) 19th century poet, and then Samuel Coleridge, who had written the 6　　　 (pioneer) work Lyrical Ballads with Wordsworth. Soon, 7　　　　　　 (draw) both by its natural beauty and a desire to be near these famous poets，other poets came 8　　　　 (live) in the Lake District. All of these poets were seen as part of the Romantic Movement. living known to come/coming respected celebrated pioneering drawn to live 21 Look at the picture and complete the travel journal entry with the words in the box. Use the structures you have learnt in this unit where appropriate. find blow go see fall relax enjoy run Today, whilst walking along a peaceful river running through a university campus, I was amazed to find… Describing nature Read the paragraph and answer the questions. There is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August. Spring has many beauties, and May is a fresh and blooming month, but the charms of this time of year are enhanced by their contrast with the winter season. August has no such advantage. It comes when we remember nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers—when the memory of snow, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded from our minds as completely as they have disappeared from the earth - and yet what a pleasant time it is! Orchards and fields sing with the sound of work; trees bend beneath the thick clusters of rich fruit which bow their branches to the ground; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, or waving in every gentle wind that sweeps above it, tinges the landscape with a golden colour. A soft, pleasant light appears to hang over the whole earth; the influence, of the season seems to extend itself even to a passing wagon, whose slow motion across the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes no loud noises upon the ear. (Adaptation from The Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens) Describing nature 1. What does the paragraph mainly describe? This paragraph mainly describes the beautiful appearance in the month of August. 2. What aspects does the author describe? The author describes the skies, fields, flowers, orchards, trees, wheat and the quality of the light. P66 Put the words in the paragraph into the boxes. Find out what they are used to describe. loud clear, green, rich, golden blooming, bend, bow, piled, waving, sweeps, tinges, makes thick clusters, graceful sheaves fresh, sweet-smelling fresh, bleak, gentle, soft, pleasant Sound Action Colour Sensation Smell Shape 25 Think and Describe Now think of more words in each category and add them to the boxes. Then describe nature during your favourite season with the words you have learnt. Example Think and Describe Sound: silent; noisy Color: snowy white; pale blue Action: shine Shape: vast Smell: sweet; fragrant Sensation: charming; attractive There are four seasons in a year. My favorite season is spring. In spring, almost everything comes back to life. The snow begins to melt, the trees sprout and the grass turns green. In spring days, the sun shines brightly, the sky is blue and the clouds are snowy white. and there’s also some pleasant breeze. How charming it is while feeling the spring wind blow us. It's also wonderful to enjoy the beautiful sunshine. You will also get a lot of refreshments while having a walk outside. Thanks！ Thanks！ 29 $$ Unit 6 Nature in words 外研版选择性必修三 What literary forms do you know? literary forms poems novels essays letters travel journals dramas folk tales Read the passage and answer the questions. Nature in Literature Nature has been a theme for writers throughout history. But not all writers have treated it in the same way. Some of the earliest works on nature are poems. In Chinese literature, Shanshui poetry dates from as early as the 4th century. Surprisingly, “nature” does not really become a common theme for poets in Western cultures until the Romantic Movement in the late 18th century. For example, the earliest poems in Old English, which were composed in the 7th century AD, are about war, not nature. The earliest great nature poems which express a love for nature are probably those of the English Lake Poets in the early 19th century. Much writing about nature emerges naturally from travel writing. In the 17th and 18th centuries wealthy young people from England often spent several years travelling around Europe-an experience which became known as the “Grand Tour”. Magnificent scenes from nature were described in de tail in their letters home and in their travel journals. Nature also makes an appearance in some famous essays, such as Ralph Waldo Emerson's Nature. Thoreau's memoir Walden is also famous for its depiction of nature. Nature has also featured in novels, sometimes as an enemy of human beings. One of the greatest American novels, Moby Dick, is set on the high seas. Two popular early 20th-century novels by the writer Jack London--The Call of the Wild and White Fang--tell their stories from the point of view of a dog and a wolf, respectively. In these works, nature is cruel, and demands respect from humans. Today, nature remains a prominent theme in literature. Its beauty and power continue to be described in vivid detail. What is new is that writers are more aware of its vulnerability, and are picking up their pens in a call for its protection. 3 What literary forms are mentioned in the video? What other nature writers do you know of? Tell the class about him or her. Poems, letters, travel journals, essays and novels are the literary forms mentioned in the video. Richard Mabey 4 The Grasmere Journals — Dorothy Wordsworth (1771–1855) What I Have Done With Birds  — Gene Stratton-Porter (1863–1924) The Land of Little Rain — Mary Austin (1868–1934) Silent Spring — Rachel Carson (1907–1964) Dream Work — Mary Oliver (1935–2019) Read the poem by Emily Dickinson. Answer the questions. “Nature “ Is What We See by Emily Dickinson “Nature” is what we see - The Hill - the Afternoon- Squirrel - Eclipse - The Bumble bee- Nay - Nature is Heaven - Nature is what we hear - The Bobolink - The Sea - Thunder - the Cricket - Nay - Nature is Harmony - Nature is what we know - Yet have no art to say - So impotent Our Wisdom is To her Simplicity. 6 What images are used to symbolise nature? Nature is symbolised by simple images of animals (“Squirrel”, “the Bumble bee”, “The Bobolink", "the Cricket") and features ("The Hill”, “the Afternoon”, “Eclipse”, “the Sea”, "Thunder"), which are in turn symbolic of the poet's thoughts and feelings about the simplicity of nature. Nature is also symbolised in a metaphorical sense when it is described as “Heaven” and “Harmony”. What message does the poem try to convey? The message of the poem is that although what we see and hear in nature appears to be simple, within that simplicity lie great beauty, mystery and magnificence that humans cannot truly appreciate or capture in their art. What does nature mean to you? To me, nature means beauty and wonder. It's the source of life, with its mountains, forests, and waters. It offers peace and inspiration, teaching us about balance. It's a precious gift to be respected and safeguarded. Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) The poem of Emily Dickinson are considered to be some of the most original and defining works of American poetry. With a childhood love of reading and exploring nature, she grew up to be a keen observer of the people and places around her, and many of her poems convey a deep appreciation of the mystery and beauty of the natural world. 10 1 自然，是我们所见 山峦，午后的光景 松鼠，日食，大黄蜂 自然，甚至，是乐园 2 自然，是我们所闻 食米鸟叫，大海喧嚣 雷霆，蟋蟀 自然，甚至，是和声 3 自然，是我们所知 我们却无法说明 要道出她的淳朴 我们的智慧无能 “Nature” Is What We See 11 Thanks！ 12 $$ Unit 6 Nature in words 外研版选择性必修三 First Snow 2 Read the short introduction to the author of First Snow and answer the questions. John Boynton Priestley (1894 - 1984) was born in the English county of Yorkshire, and knew early on that he wanted to become a writer. When World War I broke out, Priestley joined the army, and escaped death on a number of occasions. After the war, he gained a degree from Cambridge University, and then moved to London, where he worked as a freelance writer. During World War II, he presented a weekly radio programme, which became immensely popular. Priestley wrote many successful articles, essays, novels and plays, but is best remembered for his play An Inspector Calls. Priestley loved snow and expressed a desire to live in a country where it often snowed. 3 What careers did Priestley have in his lifetime? What kind of person do you think Priestley was? Do more research if necessary. Priestley joined the army in World War I before going on to study at Cambridge University. After graduation, he worked as a freelance writer and radio presenter. He is a British novelist, playwright, and essayist, noted for his varied output and his ability for shrewd characterization. Describe snow in your own words. heavy snow 大雪 snowfall 降雪 snowflake 雪花 snow-covered 白雪皑皑 blizzard 大风雪 snowstorm 暴风雪 blowing snow 飞雪 drifting snow 飘雪 sleet 雨夹雪 snow drift 雪堆 snow shower 阵雪 light snow 小雪 flurry 阵雪/小雪 feathery snowflakes 鹅毛大雪 … Read the passage and underline the expressions the author uses to describe the first snow. an event, (para. 1) so fantastically carpeted, (para. 1) a magical event, (para. 2) a cold place of dead white and pale blues, (para. 3) faintly flushed, (para. 3) artfully disposed, (para. 3) a cold sparkle of white and blue, (para. 4) falling heavily, (para. 5) in great soft flakes (para. 5) ... Read for main idea of each paragraph. Para.1 A It snowed heavily. Para.2 B The snow was fascinating. Para.3 C The first snow is a magical event. Para.4 D The snow made the world dead white and pale blues. Para.5 E The world is full of a cold sparkle of white and blue. 8 Read for structure. First Snow Para. 1-2 Para. 3-5 magic event description of the scenery of the snow Time order When I got up this morning… The sun came out… An hour or two later… Now… fascinating Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons. 1 By describing the magical scenery of the first snow, the author encourages readers to come to England and experience its beauty for themselves. 2 By depicting the beautiful, near-magical scenery of the first snow, the author wants to convey his love for snow. 3 By recalling his memories as a child during the first snow, the author expresses his longing for the innocent happiness of childhood. Read for details. Timeline When I got up this morning… The sun came out… An hour or two later… Now… The world became a 1____________________________________. The light coming through the windows seemed quite strange, and it made the familiar business of splashing and shaving and brushing and dressing very strange too. Scenery cold place of dead white and pale blues The snow became 2______________. My dining-room window changed into 3______________________. The little plum tree outside, with snow 4________________________________________________, stood in full sunlight. Scenery delicate pinks a lovely Japanese print lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk Read for details. Timeline When I got up this morning… The sun came out… An hour or two later… Now… Everything was a 5___________________________. The ground 6_______________, the sky was 7_____________, and all the trees 8_____________________________________. The entire scene looked 9_______________________. Scenery cold sparkle of white and blue went on and on thick grey so many black and threatening shapes like a cruel grassland Read for details. Timeline When I got up this morning… The sun came out… An hour or two later… Now… Scenery The snow is 10___________________________________. The roofs are 11_________. The trees are 12______________. I can see the children flattening their noses against the window. falling heavily in great soft flakes thick all bending Read for details. Timeline When I got up this morning… The sun came out… An hour or two later… Now… Find out the writing methods that the author uses to describe the snow and the changes of landscape. The dining-room window had been transformed into a lovely Japanese print. The little plum tree outside, with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk, stood in full sunlight. metaphor 比喻 personification 拟人 It was as if our kindly countryside, close to the very heart of England,had been turned into a cruel grassland. At any moment, it seemed, a body of horsemen might be seen breaking out from the black trees, so many weapons might be heard and some distant spot of snow be reddened. But the snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending, and the weathercock of the village church, still to be seen through the grey loaded air, has become some creature out of Hans Andersen. Imagination 想象 metaphor 比喻 Find out the writing methods that the author uses to describe the snow and the changes of landscape. Think & Share Why does the author mention John Austen at the beginning of the passage? By referencing the characters of Jane Austen, who is known for her witty, perceptive observations of early 19th century English country life, the author is emphasising the irony and self-awareness with which he goes on to make his statement about the first snow. Think & Share What images does the author use to enhance the description of snow? Images used by the author to enhance the description of snow: a cold place of dead white and pale blues, flushing the snow with delicate pinks, a cold sparkle of white and blue, falling heavily, in great soft flakes... Have you encountered any difficulties in understanding this passage? Can you use visualisation to better understand the passage ? NOTES TO THE TEXT 1 “They are people in whose lives a slight fall of snow is an event.”Even at the risk of appearing to this fair and witty reviewer as another Mr Woodhouse, I must insist that last night's fall of snow here was an event. Paraphrase: For Jane Austen's characters, even something as small as a slight fall of snow is significant and exciting. Even though this fair and witty reviewer might think of me as another Mr Woodhouse, I have to say that last night's fall of snow here was significant and exciting. event意为“(重要、有意思或不寻常的)事件”。 This election is the main event of this year. ( 这次选举是今年的主要事件。) insist意为“坚决认为”, 后接that从句, 从句常用陈述语气。 She insisted that she was right.(她坚决认为自己是正确的。) insist还可以表示“坚持主张, 坚决要求”,后接that从句, 从句常用should型的虚拟语气。 Jane insisted that he should be present.(Jane 坚持要他出席。) NOTES TO THE TEXT 2 You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not magic, then where is it to be found? Paraphrase: You go to bed and the world changes while you are sleeping, and when you wake up it is quite different. If you don't consider this magic, then where else could you find it? 本句的前半句省略了world。this指代本句前半句的内容； it指代 magic。 NOTES TO THE TEXT 3 Then the sun came out, and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. Paraphrase: Then the sun appeared, and by the time I had sat down to eat breakfast it was shining brightly and causing the snow to appear delicate shades of pink. bravely是副词, 修饰shining; flush 是动词, 意为“(使) 发红”, 与shine 并列，一起描述阳光洒下的情形，这两个词生动地描写了阳光的状态，将阳光拟人化, 体现了它的明媚、耀眼; delicate 是形容词, 意为“柔和的, 淡雅的”, 修饰pinks, delicate pinks 表示“淡粉红色”。 NOTES TO THE TEXT 4 It was as if our kindly countryside, close to the very heart of England, had been turned into a cruel grassland. Paraphrase: It was as if our gentle countryside, which was close to the central area of England, had been turned into a harsh, vast landscape. 本句中 close to the very heart of England 是插入语, 修饰 countryside, 指出它的具体方位，即“靠近英格兰的中心”。这样的描写加强了气氛的渲染，使读者更加清楚地感受到countryside原本的样子。 as if在本句中引导表语从句，从句内容不是真实的情况，故用虚拟语气。 NOTES TO THE TEXT 5 But the snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending, and the weathercock of the village church, still to be seen through the grey loaded air, has become some creature out of Hans Andersen. Paraphrase: Because the snow is falling heavily, in big soft flakes, you cannot see clearly across the shallow valley. The roofs are covered with snow and the trees are all bending under its weight. The rooster-shaped weathervane of the village church, which can still be seen through the dense, grey air, looks like a creature straight out of a Hans Andersen story. 在本句中, 作者使用了许多形容词和副词描写雪景。作者用falling heavily, in great soft flakes 描写雪的形态; 用the roofs are thick, the trees all bending描写雪后的场景; 用hardly see across the shallow valley, the grey loaded air描写这是一场大雪; 用 Hans Andersen笔下的生物借代描写教堂上风信鸡的美与奇，描绘出一个雪后的童话世界。 Thanks！ 25 $$ 外研版选择性必修三 Unit 6 Nature in words Writing Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question. □ Learning to learn Rhyme is a typical feature of English poetry. A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds (or the same sound）in two or more words. Children’s poems, called “nursery rhymes”, usually contain strong rhymes so they are easy to be remembered. In modern poetry, however, features other than rhyme are more important. Lines of modern poetry can be of variable length, the shape of the words on the page is more important, and rhyme is not often used. 4 Think about words and expressions related to nature and add them to the mind map. sea: lots of fish, turtles, whales, sharks, dolphins, corals, seaweeds, crabs, etc. mountains: tigers, wolves, foxes, bears, herbs, etc. rainforest: birds, reptiles, etc. grassland: lions, horses, antelopes, rabbits, snakes, elephants, etc. lakes: lotuses, shrimps, clams, etc. Work in pairs. Plan a poem. Consider the following： what your poem will be about what kind of poem you are going to write what figures of speech you will use what words you can use for that rhyme (if using rhyme) There once was a boy who thought, He could eat all the sweets he had bought. He gobbled them down, Then started to frown, Cause he’d eaten more than he ought. Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s poems and share them with the class. Now discuss the similarities and differences between Chinese and English poems. Presenting ideas Work in groups and share with each other a book about nature you’ve read. Name The Human Footprint: A Global Environmental History Author Anthony N. Penna Theme the impact of human activity on the earth's environment Content It details how human behavior has had a profound impact on the Earth's natural environment, biodiversity, and ecosystems. It also reveals various negative effects caused by human activities on the earth. It offers some positive solutions and sustainable development recommendations to guide us to think about how to protect the planet while achieving prosperity and progress of human society. Genre documentary Features A multidisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach that draws on the latest research in geography, meteorology, archaeology, anthropology and history to describe the geological composition of the Earth and its impact on the human environment. Plan your own book about nature based on your research. Think about the questions and make notes. Presenting ideas Thanks！ $$