专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文）- 备战2025年高考英语真题题源解密（新高考通用）

专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文） 考情概览：解读近年命题思路和内容要求，统计真题考查情况。 2024年真题研析：分析命题特点，探寻常考要点，真题分类精讲。 近年真题精选：分类精选近年真题，把握命题趋势。 必备知识速记：归纳串联解题必备知识，总结易错易混点。 名校模拟探源：精选适量名校模拟题，发掘高考命题之源。 【考查要点】 连续两年七选五语篇类型为说明文或记叙文、夹叙夹议文。2024年I卷语篇为夹叙夹议文；主题语境为人与自我--学习(语言学习的规律、方法等)；语篇内容是作者讲述了自己使用纸质英语词典的经验、心得及乐趣。引导学生在日常学习中利用好各类纸质词典。句段前后逻辑关系理解为主。。2024年II卷语篇为说明文；主题语境为人与社会一一社会(社会热点问题)；语篇内容是文章讨论了如何在旅游中避免给过度旅游地区带来压力，同时仍然享受旅行。呼吁读者以负责任和可持续的方式旅行，以减少过度旅游对某些热门旅游目的地带来的负面影响。语篇结构为总、分、总。 2023年I卷语篇的主要内容是学会适度自我原谅，通过罗列个人优点和做过的好事来提升自信，语篇选择非常适合考题特点，文章结构严谨，连贯流畅，空格设计对情境因素考虑比较充分。2023年II卷语篇主要介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。该语篇为学习绘画的朋友提出一些建议，内容贴近学生生活，能引起学生共鸣。选择该语篇旨在引导学生加深对艺术的认识，培养健康向上的审美情趣，以美育人。考试设题也非常适合考题特点，文章结构严谨，连贯流畅，空格设计对情境因素考虑比较充分。 【课标链接】 语篇是语言学习的主要载体，学习语篇知识是发展语言运用能力的基础。理解语篇，涉及把握语篇的微观和宏观组织结构，如：语篇中段首句、主题句、过渡句的作用及位置，句子内部的指代关系，段与段之间的关系，语篇各部分与语篇主题之间的关系等。因此，学生要重点训练 “逻辑能力”，既训练句际逻辑关系，也要训练段际逻辑关系。 命题分析 英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。2024年I卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空3题；段尾设空0题。2024年II卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空2题；段尾设空1题。 试题精讲 （2024·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. ____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验、心得与乐趣。本篇讲了纸质字典不仅仅在检查拼写方面权威，同时在检查词源，区分同义词，发音方面会给出很多详细讯息，同时，作者觉得闲暇时间阅读几页字典是非常值得的体验。  原文出处 选自Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy网站一篇名为Habitat Restoration Team 的文章。 语言知识 重难单词 submit v 提交；professionally adv 专业地；present v 呈现；tolerate v 容忍； laptop n 笔记本电脑；spellchecker n 拼写检查程序； old-fashioned adj （人） 守旧的；hard cover n 硬皮书；precise adj 精确的，准确的；definition n 释义； differentiate v 区分， 区别；identical adj 完全相同的；two-volume adj 两卷的，两册的；combination n 组合；usage n 用法；influential adj 有影响力的；illustrate v 说明，解释；rewarding adj 有意义的；context n 上下文 重难词块 a great speller 拼写能力强的人；take the trouble to do sth 费神做某事，不辞辛劳地做某事；reference books 参考书 ； leaf through 匆匆翻阅，浏览；pick up （碰巧或廉价地 ）买到；idiomatic phrases 惯用语；cast your eye over sth 迅速检查（浏览）某物；take account of 把…… 考虑进去 （2024·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___ ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文，探讨了过度旅游的问题并给出了应对建议。 原文出处 https://www.adventure.travel/adventure-stories/overtouris m-is-real 语言知识 重难单词 overtourism n 游 过度旅游（over- + tourism）；boost v 促进 ； region n 地区；unacceptable adj 不能接受的（un- +acceptable）； minimize v 使减少到最低程度（minimum +-ize）；mindfully adv 谨慎地； post n 帖子；feature v [名词动化] 以 ……为特色；draw v [ 熟词生义] 吸引； concentrate v 使 …… 集中；spot n 地点；option n 选择 ； regional adj 地区的 ，地方的（region + -al）；alternative n 可供选择的事物；lesser-known adj 不大出名的；impact n 影响； ；maximize v 使最大化（maximum + -ize）；skip v [熟词生义] 避开，不做；rush hour n（ 上下班的 ） 高峰时间 ； side n [ 熟词生义] 一面 ，方面； preserve v 保护； off-peak adj 淡季的，非高峰期的； relatively adv 相对地；virtually adv 几乎，差不多 重难词块 for real 真实的；expand sb’s minds 拓展某人的思维；tips on 关于 …… 的建议； miss out 错失机会； ease pressure 缓解压力；describe … as … 描述 …… 为 ……； tons of 很多 ……； check out 查看， 看一看；do one’s part to do sth；尽自己的一份力量做某事；in the first place 首先；give back to 归还，回馈 【1】（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【2】（2023·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___36___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___37___ ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___38___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ·___39___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___40___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 【3】（2022·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 【4】（2022·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 【5】（2021·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 【6】（2021·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____ ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____ ____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A. Stop to have a rest now and then. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C. This depends on the type of book you are reading. D Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 分析近年的高考试题，可以发现七选五以说明文为主，其结构非常的鲜明，设空处前后提示信息很明显，考查考生理解语篇整体或者局部的基本结构，以及上下文的逻辑关系和基本的同义改写能力。“总分关系”在七选五的文中大量出现；中间设空较多，如：2023年I卷考点设置：段首设空0题；段中设空3题；段尾设空1题。2023年II卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空3题；段尾设空1题。在平时的训练中多注重培养前后文的逻辑思维习惯，学会利用逻辑词、重复词、句型句式等方法来解题。此外，在教学和备考中，学生应该有意识地渗透有关语篇的基本知识，形成语篇意识，把握语篇的结构特征，从而提高理解语篇意义的能力。尤其是在平时的训练中多注重培养前后文的逻辑思维习惯，学会利用逻辑词、重复词、句型句式等方法来解题。 【1】【浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题】 The art of learning how to think Learning how to think is really the whole point of going to university because it is one of the few periods in your life when you get time to do it. Like any skill, successful thinking takes practice. The more time you spend thinking and the more ideas you come up with, the more likely it is that some of them will be good ones. ____36____ Your thinking will never improve if it consists entirely of thinking how much of a failure you are. ____37____ Geniuses generally come up with their brilliant innovations by thinking about a subject in lots of different ways and establishing connections between apparently different ideas. On the other hand, there are times when you need to know what you are supposed to be thinking about and why, and to stay reasonably focused. If you are having trouble thinking, it may be because you lack another skill that would make it easier. It could be that you don’t have a wide enough vocabulary to put your thoughts into words. ____38____ If you share a house with violinists and pianists, you may have trouble hearing yourself think. One way to sharpen this skill is to think critically about what other people are thinking. Thinking is not always something that needs to be done alone. ____39____ So, if your housemates ever abandon their instruments, engage them in conversation, look for holes in their arguments,and explain your own. If you get really good at thinking while at university, you may be able to think of a way to carry that on. ____40____ A. Proper thinking is about creating an argument. B. It enables us to become more independent thinkers. C. If they’re all rubbish, try not to keep thinking about it. D. And thus it saves you actually doing anything once you leave. E. You may also be in the wrong environment for productive thought. F. Having a one-track mind won’t improve your power of thinking anyway. G. In fact, communicating your thoughts can help to develop and clarify them. 【2】【安徽省“江南十校”2023-2024学年高三下学期3月联考英语试题】 With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. 36 And it’s hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it’s already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years. 37 “When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist. Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. “It stops producing melatonin in your brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy morning feeling,” Breus says. It also sets a mental time r to produce melatonin, the so-called sleep hormone, that evening. Aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light first and two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. 38 Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. 39 And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom. 40 If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning. A．Avoid arguments with your family. B．Handle your troubles before dinner. C．It signals your brain that it is time to be awake. D．It contributes to good health when exposed to light. E．It’s normal to wake up at night, especially as you age. F．A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. G．When people cut them down, their average toilet trips decreased. 【3】【江苏省南通市名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月学业质量联合监测英语试卷】 "Tennis is as good for the mind as it is for the body," says Dan Bloxham, head coach at the All England Lawn Tennis Club. ___16___. Family fun Tennis is the perfect sport for the whole family to enjoy together. When playing with children, use red or orange tennis balls as these are softer than the classic yellow ones used at Wimbledon and will make the game easier and slower to play. Super social Instead of going to the pub, why not grab a bat and catch up with friends over a game of tennis? It’s one of the most social sports around and a great way to meet people. ___17___, you could turn up at a club anywhere in the world and be able to play even if you don’t speak the language. ___18___ Tennis is a huge challenge when it comes to fitness and uses all the muscles in your body as you run across the court, jump to reach high shots and race to the net. Unlike cycling, which puts emphasis on the muscles in your legs, tennis uses the arms, legs, shoulders, and core, providing a total body workout. ___19___. It also improves coordination(协调), strength and cardio fitness. Digital Detox(脱瘾) ___20___. The game requires your full attention and as you are mentally engaged, you can’t watch a screen. Because the game involves concentration and the need to hear both the ball and your opponent, you also can’t listen to music. A. Wonder workout B. Huge Outdoor Challenge C. And as it is a universal game D. Playing tennis provides a real break from technology E. Playing is so great a good calorie burner for getting in shape F. Here he explains why taking up tennis is a good idea for everyone G. If you can’t find a group, search Facebook or ask the front desk at your gym 【4】【山东省部分知名高中2023-2024学年高三下学期开年大联考（中昇大联考）试题】 As technology continues to advance, the way we work will continue to develop. Here are some predictions for future work in a technology-driven world. Remote work has become increasingly important. It allows for virtual communication and collaboration (协作). The worldwide health crisis forced many businesses to adopt remote work practices to follow social distancing guidelines.___16___ ___17___.It mainly includes flexibility and reduced commute times. It also presents challenges, such as maintaining productivity and work-life balance. Collaboration tools, such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams, have become essential in virtual communication. They enable remote teams to collaborate effectively. Another benefit technology has brought us is e-commerce. The rise of online shopping and mobile technology has transformed the retail(零售) industry.___18___.Advancements in Augmented Reality(AR)technology are also transforming the way consumers shop.AR allows customers to visualize products in real-time and in real-world settings, providing a more immersive and engaging shopping experience. ___19___One of the most significant challenges technology has brought is job displacement. According to a recent report, by 2025,it is estimated that 85 million jobs may be displaced by a shift to automation and Al. The future of work in a technology-driven world is uncertain, but it is clear that technology will play a central role in shaping it. As McKinsey &Company notes,“___20___,and so must our ability to adapt.” It is essential for individuals and businesses to stay up-to-date with the latest technological advancements and be prepared to adapt to these changes. A. Every coin has two sides. B. The pace of change has sped up. C. Remote work offers many benefits. D. Technology has shaped the world greatly. E. This has significantly changed the way we work. F. Technology at the same time makes life more difficult in some way. G. It allows for greater convenience and personalized shopping experiences. 【5】【河南省中原名校联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期联考（3月）英语试题】 Nowadays, the demand on charities is greater than ever. ____16____ They create simple but great ideas to help people in need, even when their money is tight. Here’s a perfect example. Have you heard of the Ice Bucket (桶) Challenge? The social media initiative started in the United States and spread around the world, raising $115 million for the research on ALS (渐冻症) — a disease which Hawking suffered from. You take a video of yourself dumping (倾倒) a bucket of ice water over your head, and then encourage three more people to do the same. ____17____ Manju Kalanidhi, a journalist in India, thought it was an amazing way to raise awareness of ALS and raise funds for its research. ____18____ Water is too precious to waste there, even for a good cause. Then in 2014, it hit her: why not make it a Rice Bucket Challenge to fight hunger? “____19____ I shared it on Facebook and said, ‘This is a Rice Bucket Challenge. Why don’t you do it, too?’” Participants donate a bucket of rice to an individual or family — no, it’s not dumped — take a photo and post it on social media with a message encouraging others to do the same. Or people can donate through a website. Manju didn’t have a big army of volunteers, but she did have donations and people who need food. ____20____ To date, Manju says the Rice Bucket Challenge has raised thousands of dollars and distributed an estimated 35,000 kilograms of rice. A. But it didn’t make sense in her country. B. In such a novel way, she put them together successfully. C. The rate of giving has increased among the wealthiest nations. D. I gave a bucket of rice to someone in need and clicked a photo. E. Luckily, the world never goes short of kind and creative souls. F. This has been making it so easy to motivate people to give back. G. The participant donates $100 if they don’t complete the challenge. 【技巧点拨】 技巧一 | 从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。 因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此……以至于等。 技巧二 | 从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however然而等。 技巧三 | 从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四 | 从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的), furthermore而且，此外等。 技巧五 | 从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系 表示列举关系的有：firstly第一, 首先secondly第二, thirdly第三in the first place第一，首先for one thing首先等。 技巧六 | 从词汇线索上判断——代词指代 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 技巧七 | 从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧八 | 从词汇线索上判断——同畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题 技巧九 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧十 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文） 考情概览：解读近年命题思路和内容要求，统计真题考查情况。 2024年真题研析：分析命题特点，探寻常考要点，真题分类精讲。 近年真题精选：分类精选近年真题，把握命题趋势。 必备知识速记：归纳串联解题必备知识，总结易错易混点。 名校模拟探源：精选适量名校模拟题，发掘高考命题之源。 【考查要点】 连续两年七选五语篇类型为说明文或记叙文、夹叙夹议文。2024年I卷语篇为夹叙夹议文；主题语境为人与自我--学习(语言学习的规律、方法等)；语篇内容是作者讲述了自己使用纸质英语词典的经验、心得及乐趣。引导学生在日常学习中利用好各类纸质词典。句段前后逻辑关系理解为主。。2024年II卷语篇为说明文；主题语境为人与社会一一社会(社会热点问题)；语篇内容是文章讨论了如何在旅游中避免给过度旅游地区带来压力，同时仍然享受旅行。呼吁读者以负责任和可持续的方式旅行，以减少过度旅游对某些热门旅游目的地带来的负面影响。语篇结构为总、分、总。 2023年I卷语篇的主要内容是学会适度自我原谅，通过罗列个人优点和做过的好事来提升自信，语篇选择非常适合考题特点，文章结构严谨，连贯流畅，空格设计对情境因素考虑比较充分。2023年II卷语篇主要介绍了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。该语篇为学习绘画的朋友提出一些建议，内容贴近学生生活，能引起学生共鸣。选择该语篇旨在引导学生加深对艺术的认识，培养健康向上的审美情趣，以美育人。考试设题也非常适合考题特点，文章结构严谨，连贯流畅，空格设计对情境因素考虑比较充分。 【课标链接】 语篇是语言学习的主要载体，学习语篇知识是发展语言运用能力的基础。理解语篇，涉及把握语篇的微观和宏观组织结构，如：语篇中段首句、主题句、过渡句的作用及位置，句子内部的指代关系，段与段之间的关系，语篇各部分与语篇主题之间的关系等。因此，学生要重点训练 “逻辑能力”，既训练句际逻辑关系，也要训练段际逻辑关系。 命题分析 英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。2024年I卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空3题；段尾设空0题。2024年II卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空2题；段尾设空1题。 试题精讲 （2024·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. ____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验、心得与乐趣。本篇讲了纸质字典不仅仅在检查拼写方面权威，同时在检查词源，区分同义词，发音方面会给出很多详细讯息，同时，作者觉得闲暇时间阅读几页字典是非常值得的体验。  原文出处 选自Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy网站一篇名为Habitat Restoration Team 的文章。 语言知识 重难单词 submit v 提交；professionally adv 专业地；present v 呈现；tolerate v 容忍； laptop n 笔记本电脑；spellchecker n 拼写检查程序； old-fashioned adj （人） 守旧的；hard cover n 硬皮书；precise adj 精确的，准确的；definition n 释义； differentiate v 区分， 区别；identical adj 完全相同的；two-volume adj 两卷的，两册的；combination n 组合；usage n 用法；influential adj 有影响力的；illustrate v 说明，解释；rewarding adj 有意义的；context n 上下文 重难词块 a great speller 拼写能力强的人；take the trouble to do sth 费神做某事，不辞辛劳地做某事；reference books 参考书 ； leaf through 匆匆翻阅，浏览；pick up （碰巧或廉价地 ）买到；idiomatic phrases 惯用语；cast your eye over sth 迅速检查（浏览）某物；take account of 把…… 考虑进去 【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。 【36题详解】 上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。 【37题详解】 上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。 【38题详解】 下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 【39题详解】 下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。 【40题详解】 上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。 （2024·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___ ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文，探讨了过度旅游的问题并给出了应对建议。 原文出处 https://www.adventure.travel/adventure-stories/overtouris m-is-real 语言知识 重难单词 overtourism n 游 过度旅游（over- + tourism）；boost v 促进 ； region n 地区；unacceptable adj 不能接受的（un- +acceptable）； minimize v 使减少到最低程度（minimum +-ize）；mindfully adv 谨慎地； post n 帖子；feature v [名词动化] 以 ……为特色；draw v [ 熟词生义] 吸引； concentrate v 使 …… 集中；spot n 地点；option n 选择 ； regional adj 地区的 ，地方的（region + -al）；alternative n 可供选择的事物；lesser-known adj 不大出名的；impact n 影响； ；maximize v 使最大化（maximum + -ize）；skip v [熟词生义] 避开，不做；rush hour n（ 上下班的 ） 高峰时间 ； side n [ 熟词生义] 一面 ，方面； preserve v 保护； off-peak adj 淡季的，非高峰期的； relatively adv 相对地；virtually adv 几乎，差不多 重难词块 for real 真实的；expand sb’s minds 拓展某人的思维；tips on 关于 …… 的建议； miss out 错失机会； ease pressure 缓解压力；describe … as … 描述 …… 为 ……； tons of 很多 ……； check out 查看， 看一看；do one’s part to do sth；尽自己的一份力量做某事；in the first place 首先；give back to 归还，回馈 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。 【16题详解】 前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。 【20题详解】 前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【1】（2023·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 语篇解读 主旨概要 本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 语言知识 词汇默写 1. responsibility 2. positive 3. iron 4. boost 5. characteristic 词汇答案 1. responsibility n. 责任；职责；责任心 2. positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；明确的；正面的；正数的；阳性的n. 正面；正数；正片；[语]原级 3. iron n. 熨斗；铁；刚强(复）irons: 镣铐.v. 熨；烫adj. 铁的；刚强的 4. boost v. 提高；增加；鼓励；举起；为...做宣传n. 增加；推进；鼓励 5. characteristic n. 特点；特性；特色adj. 典型的；特有的 重点短语 1.beat sb up痛打，狠揍，重伤（某人） 2. shine through 表现出来 长难句分析 1.It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 句意为：可能是你帮朋友做作业的时候，可能是你没有人要求的情况下熨衣服的时候，也可能是你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。 句型分析：该句为复合句，句子的主干为“It might be the time”，其中or连接三个定语从句，分别是“when you helped a friend with their homework”，“when you did the ironing without being asked”和“when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day”。 2. That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. 句意为：这样，你们就可以交流思想，看看是什么让你们每个人与众不同，以及你们个性中表现出来的方方面面。 句型分析：该句为复合句，句子主干为“you could exchange thoughts on”，其中宾语从句“what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through”作为介词on的宾语。 【答案与解析】 16【答案】D 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 17【答案】B 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 18【答案】F 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 19【答案】C 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 20【答案】G 根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 【2】（2023·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___36___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___37___ ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___38___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ·___39___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___40___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 全文大意 作为一个在社交媒体上分享自己艺术之旅的艺术家，我经常被好奇的关注者问到如何开始艺术之旅。不幸的是，我没有“神奇清单”可以提供。不过，我还记得作为一个完全的初学者是什么感觉。因此，我整理了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。 从小事开始。我建议使用素描本进行简单练习。这些简单练习能够提供灵感，并可能成为未来更复杂作品的跳板。不要扔掉你的初学者作品。你会想回顾自己的旅程，看看自己走了多远。 经常绘画，且画生活场景。没有比积累更多绘画经验更好的提升方式了。无论你绘制静物、肖像还是风景，尽可能多地绘制真实生活中的场景。只有这样，你才能培养那种只有通过重复才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆。 持续挑战自己，尝试新的事物。走出你的舒适区。艺术的成长有时可能会有些痛苦，但欢迎你加入这个行列；我们都曾经历过。我喜欢接受挑战。我曾经接受过一个挑战，每天创作一幅画并在网上展示一个月。 如果你愿意，你还可以分享你的作品。寻求和接受建设性的反馈对于成长至关重要。我会在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并且通过这种方式结识了一些最友善的人。他们让我感到被重视和受尊重，无论我的艺术水平如何。 你所走的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路。你会遇到阻碍，有时会感到沮丧。坚持下去，给它时间和努力。你将会收获艺术生活的回报。 语言知识 词汇默写 1. curious 2.follower 3.sketchbook 4.inspiration 5.springboard 6.complex 7. brush 8.portrait 9.landscape 10.muscle 11. repetition 12. continually 13. challenge 14.artistic 15.painful 16. seek 17. constructive 18. feedback 19. crucial 20. roadblock 词汇答案 1.好奇心 2.追随者 3.素描本 4.灵感 5.跳板 6.复杂的 7.画笔，刷子 8.肖像 9.风景 10.肌肉 11.重复 12.不断地 13.挑战 14.艺术的 15.痛苦的 16.寻求 17.建设性的 18.反馈 19.关键 20.路障 重点短语 1. put together 整理，合并 2. throw away 扔掉3. brush miles 绘画经验4. comfort zone 舒适区5. a bit 一点点 6.take on 接受 took up a challenge 接受挑战8. be crucial to sth对...重要 9. in turn 反过来10. feel valued and respected 感到被重视和尊重 11.feel discouraged 受挫13. at times 有时15. give it time 耐心等待 长难句分析 1. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. 句意为：不过，我还记得作为一个完全的初学者是什么感觉。 句型分析：这是一个主从复合句。整个句子的结构为主谓宾，主语I，谓语 remember，宾语是由what引导的宾语从句。在宾语从句中，it为形式主语，动词为was, 表语为like。其中，what在从句中做like的宾语。 to be a complete beginner为目的状语。 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39. D 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。 【36题详解】 根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。 【37题详解】 分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。 【38题详解】 分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。 【39题详解】 分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。 【40题详解】 分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。 【3】（2022·新高考卷I阅读理解七选五） Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。 【36题详解】 根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【38题详解】 根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。 【39题详解】 根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【40题详解】 根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 【4】（2022·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 【16题详解】 空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。 【17题详解】 空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 【5】（2021·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看重生活品质。 【36题详解】 上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。 【37题详解】 上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选C项。 【38题详解】 上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。 【39题详解】 第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项。 【6】（2021·新高考卷II阅读理解七选五） If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____ ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____ ____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A. Stop to have a rest now and then. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C. This depends on the type of book you are reading. D Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。 【18题详解】 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。 分析近年的高考试题，可以发现七选五以说明文为主，其结构非常的鲜明，设空处前后提示信息很明显，考查考生理解语篇整体或者局部的基本结构，以及上下文的逻辑关系和基本的同义改写能力。“总分关系”在七选五的文中大量出现；中间设空较多，如：2023年I卷考点设置：段首设空0题；段中设空3题；段尾设空1题。2023年II卷考点设置：段首设空1题；段中设空3题；段尾设空1题。在平时的训练中多注重培养前后文的逻辑思维习惯，学会利用逻辑词、重复词、句型句式等方法来解题。此外，在教学和备考中，学生应该有意识地渗透有关语篇的基本知识，形成语篇意识，把握语篇的结构特征，从而提高理解语篇意义的能力。尤其是在平时的训练中多注重培养前后文的逻辑思维习惯，学会利用逻辑词、重复词、句型句式等方法来解题。 方略一 | 略读文章抓大意 以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。 方略二 | 重点阅读上下句 因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。事实上，如果没有时间来得及通读或细读，或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂，建议通过以下技巧，也基本上可以得满分。 方略三 | 看看结构变轻松 在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2～4个选项，碰对的机率大大提高。 方略四 | 词语复现显神功 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现(adult是teacher, parent的上义词，而teacher, parent就是adult的下义词)。 方略五 | 代词逻辑亦管用 我们知道，七选五就是考查上下文之间的衔接，而代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。如： 方略六 | 篇章需要基本功 有的题利用文章或段落的“总—分”结构关系来解，也很管用，但需要以下基本功：懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构通常是主题句(总)+支撑句(分)(分述主题的具体内容/说明原因/举例证明等)。如： 【1】【浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三下学期开学联考英语试题】 The art of learning how to think Learning how to think is really the whole point of going to university because it is one of the few periods in your life when you get time to do it. Like any skill, successful thinking takes practice. The more time you spend thinking and the more ideas you come up with, the more likely it is that some of them will be good ones. ____36____ Your thinking will never improve if it consists entirely of thinking how much of a failure you are. ____37____ Geniuses generally come up with their brilliant innovations by thinking about a subject in lots of different ways and establishing connections between apparently different ideas. On the other hand, there are times when you need to know what you are supposed to be thinking about and why, and to stay reasonably focused. If you are having trouble thinking, it may be because you lack another skill that would make it easier. It could be that you don’t have a wide enough vocabulary to put your thoughts into words. ____38____ If you share a house with violinists and pianists, you may have trouble hearing yourself think. One way to sharpen this skill is to think critically about what other people are thinking. Thinking is not always something that needs to be done alone. ____39____ So, if your housemates ever abandon their instruments, engage them in conversation, look for holes in their arguments,and explain your own. If you get really good at thinking while at university, you may be able to think of a way to carry that on. ____40____ A. Proper thinking is about creating an argument. B. It enables us to become more independent thinkers. C. If they’re all rubbish, try not to keep thinking about it. D. And thus it saves you actually doing anything once you leave. E. You may also be in the wrong environment for productive thought. F. Having a one-track mind won’t improve your power of thinking anyway. G. In fact, communicating your thoughts can help to develop and clarify them. 【答案】36. C 37. F 38. E 39. G 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何学习思考。 【36题详解】 空前“The more time you spend thinking and the more ideas you come up with, the more likely it is that some of them will be good ones.(你花在思考上的时间越多，你想出的点子越多，其中一些点子就越有可能是好的。)”说明想得越多就越有可能想出好点子，空后“Your thinking will never improve if it consists entirely of thinking how much of a failure you are.(如果你的思维总是想着自己有多失败，你的思维就永远不会进步。)”说明你越觉得自己是失败者，你就永远不会进步，可见不能一直想不好的事情，C选项“If they’re all rubbish, try not to keep thinking about it.(如果它们都是垃圾，尽量不要去想它。)”说明不要去想不好的东西，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 【37题详解】 空后“Geniuses generally come up with their brilliant innovations by thinking about a subject in lots of different ways and establishing connections between apparently different ideas.(天才们通常是通过用多种不同的方式思考一个问题，并在明显不同的想法之间建立联系，从而产生出色的创新。)”说明天才们会用多种方式思考一个问题，空格处也应该是关于是以多种方式思考还是以一种方式思考的，F选项“Having a one-track mind won’t improve your power of thinking anyway.(无论如何，单线思维不会提高你的思考能力。)”说明单线思维不好，继而引出了后面的天才们是以多种方式思考，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 【38题详解】 空前“If you are having trouble thinking, it may be because you lack another skill that would make it easier. It could be that you don’t have a wide enough vocabulary to put your thoughts into words.(如果你在思考上有困难，那可能是因为你缺乏另一种能让你更容易思考的技能。这可能是因为你没有足够的词汇量来表达你的想法。)”是对思考有困难的原因的推测，空格处也应该是推测原因，E选项“You may also be in the wrong environment for productive thought.(你也可能处在一个不适合思考的环境中。)”说明的是思考有困难的原因，且和空后“If you share a house with violinists and pianists, you may have trouble hearing yourself think.(如果你与小提琴家和钢琴家合住，你可能听不清自己的想法。)”所说的关于思考环境的例子相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【39题详解】 空前“One way to sharpen this skill is to think critically about what other people are thinking. Thinking is not always something that needs to be done alone.(提高这种技能的一个方法是批判性地思考别人在想什么。思考并不总是需要一个人去做的事情。)”说明思考不一定要一个人进行，空格处应该说思考可以和别人一起进行，G选项“In fact, communicating your thoughts can help to develop and clarify them.(事实上，交流你的想法可以帮助发展和澄清它们。)”说明了跟人交流的好处，和前面的不一定一个人进行相一致，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 【40题详解】 空前“If you get really good at thinking while at university, you may be able to think of a way to carry that on.(如果你在大学里真的很擅长思考，你可能会想出一个方法来把它延续下去。)”说明你可能会把思考延续下去，空格处应该说这么做的好处，D选项“And thus it saves you actually doing anything once you leave.(这样一来，一旦你离开，你做任何事情这都可以搭救你。)”说明了将好的思考习惯延续下去的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【2】【安徽省“江南十校”2023-2024学年高三下学期3月联考英语试题】 With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. 36 And it’s hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help. Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it’s already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years. 37 “When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist. Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. “It stops producing melatonin in your brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy morning feeling,” Breus says. It also sets a mental time r to produce melatonin, the so-called sleep hormone, that evening. Aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light first and two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. 38 Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. 39 And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom. 40 If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning. A．Avoid arguments with your family. B．Handle your troubles before dinner. C．It signals your brain that it is time to be awake. D．It contributes to good health when exposed to light. E．It’s normal to wake up at night, especially as you age. F．A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep. G．When people cut them down, their average toilet trips decreased. 【答案】36．E 37．F 38．C 39．G 40．B 【导语】本文为说明文。主要说明了当代社会，很多人都出现了睡眠质量问题，本文提出了几条建议，以帮助读者提高睡眠质量。 36．根据上文“With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep.(随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡)”描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题，后文“And it’s hard to fall back asleep again.(而且很难再次入睡)”描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题，故E选项“随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常”，在此处能起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 37．根据上文“The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years.(美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头)”提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头，下文““When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.(“当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，”临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说)”继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 “one”指代上文的 pillow，进一步解释原因：用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。故选F。 38．根据本段首句“Get an hour of sunlight each day.(每天享受一小时的阳光)”可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的“It” 指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。C选项“它告诉你的大脑是时候清醒了”符合语境。故选C。 39．根据上文“Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查)”以及后文“And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom.(而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间)”可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 “摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间”的论述相呼应。G选项“当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了”符合语境，故选G。 40．根据后文“If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning.(如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁)”可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。故B选项“本段的建议应该是在晚饭前处理好麻烦”符合语境。故选B。 【3】【江苏省南通市名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月学业质量联合监测英语试卷】 "Tennis is as good for the mind as it is for the body," says Dan Bloxham, head coach at the All England Lawn Tennis Club. ___16___. Family fun Tennis is the perfect sport for the whole family to enjoy together. When playing with children, use red or orange tennis balls as these are softer than the classic yellow ones used at Wimbledon and will make the game easier and slower to play. Super social Instead of going to the pub, why not grab a bat and catch up with friends over a game of tennis? It’s one of the most social sports around and a great way to meet people. ___17___, you could turn up at a club anywhere in the world and be able to play even if you don’t speak the language. ___18___ Tennis is a huge challenge when it comes to fitness and uses all the muscles in your body as you run across the court, jump to reach high shots and race to the net. Unlike cycling, which puts emphasis on the muscles in your legs, tennis uses the arms, legs, shoulders, and core, providing a total body workout. ___19___. It also improves coordination(协调), strength and cardio fitness. Digital Detox(脱瘾) ___20___. The game requires your full attention and as you are mentally engaged, you can’t watch a screen. Because the game involves concentration and the need to hear both the ball and your opponent, you also can’t listen to music. A. Wonder workout B. Huge Outdoor Challenge C. And as it is a universal game D. Playing tennis provides a real break from technology E. Playing is so great a good calorie burner for getting in shape F. Here he explains why taking up tennis is a good idea for everyone G. If you can’t find a group, search Facebook or ask the front desk at your gym 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了打网球给人带来的益处。 【16题详解】 根据上下文可知，此处缺少承上启下的句子。F项“这里他解释了为什么打网球对每个人来说都是一个好主意。”承上启下，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据下文"anywhere in the world"（世界上任何地方）可知，此处意为网球是一个世界范围内的运动，故选C。 【18题详解】 本段主要介绍了网球的益处，而不是说明它是一项很大的挑战。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文"providing a total body workout"提供对全身的锻炼，和后文的"It also improves coordination(协调), strength and cardio fitness."它也提高了身体的协调性、力量和有氧健身可知，此处在介绍打网球对保持体形的作用。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据小标题Digital Detox(对电子产品脱瘾)可知，此处是说明打网球对脱离电子产品的作用，故选D。 【4】【山东省部分知名高中2023-2024学年高三下学期开年大联考（中昇大联考）试题】 As technology continues to advance, the way we work will continue to develop. Here are some predictions for future work in a technology-driven world. Remote work has become increasingly important. It allows for virtual communication and collaboration (协作). The worldwide health crisis forced many businesses to adopt remote work practices to follow social distancing guidelines.___16___ ___17___.It mainly includes flexibility and reduced commute times. It also presents challenges, such as maintaining productivity and work-life balance. Collaboration tools, such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams, have become essential in virtual communication. They enable remote teams to collaborate effectively. Another benefit technology has brought us is e-commerce. The rise of online shopping and mobile technology has transformed the retail(零售) industry.___18___.Advancements in Augmented Reality(AR)technology are also transforming the way consumers shop.AR allows customers to visualize products in real-time and in real-world settings, providing a more immersive and engaging shopping experience. ___19___One of the most significant challenges technology has brought is job displacement. According to a recent report, by 2025,it is estimated that 85 million jobs may be displaced by a shift to automation and Al. The future of work in a technology-driven world is uncertain, but it is clear that technology will play a central role in shaping it. As McKinsey &Company notes,“___20___,and so must our ability to adapt.” It is essential for individuals and businesses to stay up-to-date with the latest technological advancements and be prepared to adapt to these changes. A. Every coin has two sides. B. The pace of change has sped up. C. Remote work offers many benefits. D. Technology has shaped the world greatly. E. This has significantly changed the way we work. F. Technology at the same time makes life more difficult in some way. G. It allows for greater convenience and personalized shopping experiences. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科技给人们的生活和工作方式带来的改变。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Remote work has become increasingly important. It allows for virtual communication and collaboration( 协作 ).The worldwide health crisis forced many businesses to adopt remote work practices to follow social distancing guidelines.（远程工作变得越来越重要。它允许虚拟通信和协作。全球卫生危机迫使许多企业采取远程工作做法，以遵守社交距离准则。）”解释了远程办公产生的背景，即面临健康危机，很多企业不得不采取远程办公。所以空处应承接前文，讲述这种做法的直接结果。选项E.“This has significantly changed the way we work.（这在很大程度上改变了我们的工作方式。）”符合题意，故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“It mainly includes flexibility and reduced commute times. It also presents challenges, such as maintaining productivity and work-life balance. Collaboration tools, such as Zoom and Microsoft Teams, have become essential in virtual communication. They enable remote teams to collaborate effectively.（它主要包括灵活性和减少通勤时间。它也带来了挑战，比如保持生产力和工作与生活的平衡。协作工具，如Zoom和Microsoft Teams，在虚拟通信中已经变得必不可少。它们使远程团队能够有效地协作。）”主要介绍了远程办公带来的好处：灵活性，减少通勤时间等，所以作为段落首句，应是对段落内容的概况，讲述远程办公的优势。选项C.“Remote work offers many benefits.（远程办公提供了许多好处。）”符合题意，故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“The rise of online shopping and mobile technology has transformed the retail(零售)industry.（网上购物和移动技术的兴起改变了零售业。）”讲述了网上购物和移动技术的兴起改变了零售业，所以空处应承接前文，讲述这种改变的结果是什么。选项G.“It allows for greater convenience and personalized shopping experiences.(它提供了更大的便利和个性化的购物体验.)”承接前文，符合题意，故选G项。 【19题详解】 第二段和第三段内容讲述了科技带给人们的好处。根据下文“One of the most significant challenges technology has brought is job displacement.  According to a recent report, by 2025,it is estimated that 85 million jobs may be displaced by a shift to automation and Al.（技术带来的最大挑战之一是工作岗位的流失。根据最近的一份报告，到2025年，预计将有8500万个工作岗位因向自动化和人工智能的转变而被取代。）”讲述了科技进步带给我们的挑战，因此空处应和前文为转折关系，阐述技术进步带给人们的不利。选项A.“Every coin has two sides.(凡是均有两面性。）”承接上文，并引出了下文的内容，符合题意，故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“It is essential for individuals and businesses to stay up-to-date with the latest technological advancements and be prepared to adapt to these changes.（对于个人和企业来说，跟上最新的技术进步并准备好适应这些变化是至关重要的。）”可知，讲述了个人和企业跟上技术进步是重要的。下文承接前文内容，因此空处应该陈述科技进步在发展。选项B.“The pace of change has sped up（世界变革的步伐加快了。）”切题，故选B项。 【5】【河南省中原名校联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期联考（3月）英语试题】 Nowadays, the demand on charities is greater than ever. ____16____ They create simple but great ideas to help people in need, even when their money is tight. Here’s a perfect example. Have you heard of the Ice Bucket (桶) Challenge? The social media initiative started in the United States and spread around the world, raising $115 million for the research on ALS (渐冻症) — a disease which Hawking suffered from. You take a video of yourself dumping (倾倒) a bucket of ice water over your head, and then encourage three more people to do the same. ____17____ Manju Kalanidhi, a journalist in India, thought it was an amazing way to raise awareness of ALS and raise funds for its research. ____18____ Water is too precious to waste there, even for a good cause. Then in 2014, it hit her: why not make it a Rice Bucket Challenge to fight hunger? “____19____ I shared it on Facebook and said, ‘This is a Rice Bucket Challenge. Why don’t you do it, too?’” Participants donate a bucket of rice to an individual or family — no, it’s not dumped — take a photo and post it on social media with a message encouraging others to do the same. Or people can donate through a website. Manju didn’t have a big army of volunteers, but she did have donations and people who need food. ____20____ To date, Manju says the Rice Bucket Challenge has raised thousands of dollars and distributed an estimated 35,000 kilograms of rice. A. But it didn’t make sense in her country. B. In such a novel way, she put them together successfully. C. The rate of giving has increased among the wealthiest nations. D. I gave a bucket of rice to someone in need and clicked a photo. E. Luckily, the world never goes short of kind and creative souls. F. This has been making it so easy to motivate people to give back. G. The participant donates $100 if they don’t complete the challenge. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。如今，对慈善机构的需求比以往任何时候都大。文章主要介绍了两个做慈善的例子。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Nowadays, the demand on charities is greater than ever. (如今，对慈善机构的需求比以往任何时候都大)”可知，上文讲到如今对慈善机构的需求大。根据下文“They create simple but great ideas to help people in need, even when their money is tight. (他们创造了简单但伟大的想法来帮助有需要的人，即使他们的钱很紧)”可知，上文应出现They的指代对象。C项“The rate of giving has increased among the wealthiest nations. (在最富有的国家中，捐赠的比率增加了)”中的the wealthiest nations被下文的指代，符合语境，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“You take a video of yourself dumping (倾倒) a bucket of ice water over your head, and then encourage three more people to do the same. (你拍了一段自己把一桶冰水倒在头上的视频，然后鼓励另外三个人也这样做)”可知，上文介绍冰桶挑战的具体做法。G项“The participant donates $100 if they don’t complete the challenge. (如果参与者没有完成挑战，他们将捐赠100美元)”接着陈述这一做法是怎样筹钱的，承接上文，符合语境，故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Manju Kalanidhi, a journalist in India, thought it was an amazing way to raise awareness of ALS and raise funds for its research. (印度记者Manju Kalanidhi认为这是一种提高人们对ALS认识并为其研究筹集资金的惊人方式)”可知，上文讲到印度记者Manju Kalanidhi对冰桶挑战的肯定评价。根据下文“Water is too precious to waste there, even for a good cause. (水太珍贵了，即使是为了好的事业，也不能浪费在那里)”可知，下文讲到水很珍贵，不能浪费。A项“But it didn’t make sense in her country. (但这在她的国家没有意义)”说明，冰桶挑战不适合在Manju Kalanidhi的地方举行。承上启下，符合语境，故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“I shared it on Facebook and said, (我在脸书上分享了这张照片，并说)”可知，此处用第一人称描述“我”的做法，且上文应出现it的指代对象。D项“I gave a bucket of rice to someone in need and clicked a photo. (我给了有需要的人一桶米，然后点击了一张照片)”符合语境，故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“To date, Manju says the Rice Bucket Challenge has raised thousands of dollars and distributed an estimated 35,000 kilograms of rice. (Manju说，到目前为止，米桶挑战赛已经筹集了数千美元，并分发了大约35000公斤大米)”可知，下文讲到Manju的米桶挑战赛的成效。B项“In such a novel way, she put them together successfully. (她以如此新颖的方式成功地把它们组合在一起)”承接上文，符合语境，故选B项。 【技巧点拨】 技巧一 | 从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。 因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result结果，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此……以至于等。 技巧二 | 从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系 转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however然而等。 技巧三 | 从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系 前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。 技巧四 | 从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系 递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也, 而且, further另外(的), furthermore而且，此外等。 技巧五 | 从细节逻辑上判断——平列关系 表示列举关系的有：firstly第一, 首先secondly第二, thirdly第三in the first place第一，首先for one thing首先等。 技巧六 | 从词汇线索上判断——代词指代 英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 技巧七 | 从词汇线索上判断——同义词/近义词 英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。 技巧八 | 从词汇线索上判断——同畴词 上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题 技巧九 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段首 假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。 技巧十 | 从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾 所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。 段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$