专题08：时态语态及非谓语动词综合（初高考点差异及衔接）-2024年初升高英语无忧衔接（上海专用）

专题08：时态语态及非谓语综合（初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 初中阶段的英语学习注重基础语法的掌握和应用，因此对动词时态和语态的综合运用要求学生能够理解并正确使用这些时态和语态来表达不同的时间和动作状态。 高中要求 高中阶段对动词时态和语态的综合运用要求学生能够在各种语境中准确、灵活地使用不同的时态和语态。此外，非谓语部分是高中语法重点内容，需熟练掌握动名词、现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态变化及语法功能。 【初中考点聚焦】 1.基本时态： 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的基本构成和用法。理解现在进行时和过去进行时的构成，以及它们表示正在进行的动作。掌握现在完成时和过去完成时的构成，以及它们表示动作的完成或对现在的影响。 2.被动语态： 理解被动语态的基本构成，包括一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。 3.时态的一致性： 在复合句中保持主句和从句时态的一致性，如时间状语从句和条件状语从句。 4.语态的转换： 理解主动语态和被动语态之间的转换，以及它们在不同语境中的使用。 5.时态的信号词： 识别和使用时态信号词，如时间状语，来帮助确定句子的时态。 【高中考点聚焦】 考纲解读 时态语态、非谓语的准确运用： 除了初中八种基本时态外，还需掌握现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时的用法；将来完成时、将来进行时用法；除了初中几种被动形式外，还需掌握现在进行时与过去进行时的被动语态用法。在阅读理解中分析和理解时态和语态的使用，以及它们对文章意义的影响。在语法填空中准确使用时态和语态，各种非谓语动词形式。在翻译练习及写作中准确转换时态和语态，保持原文的意义和风格。使用非谓语动词增加句子表达的多样化及丰富性。 考点清单 一、时态语态主要知识点梳理 高中阶段时态和语态综合运用易错点分析 时态混淆： · 错误：He is going to the store since he has been there. · 正确：He has been going to the store since he went there. · 分析：原句中使用了现在进行时表示一个持续的状态，但“since”引导的时间状语从句应该使用过去时态来表示过去的一个点。 时态不一致： · 错误：If I were rich, I am buying a house. · 正确：If I were rich, I would buy a house. · 分析：虚拟语气中，主句应该使用would + 动词原形，表示与现实相反的愿望。 进行时态的误用： · 错误：She is reading the book since last year. · 正确：She has been reading the book since last year. · 分析：原句中应该使用现在完成进行时来表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。 完成时态的误用： · 错误：I have finished my homework but I will start it tomorrow. · 正确：I finished my homework yesterday, but I will start another assignment tomorrow. · 分析：完成时态表示动作已经完成，与将来时间点矛盾，应该使用过去时态。 完成进行时态的误用： · 错误：She has been breaking the vase for an hour. · 正确：She has been trying to break the vase for an hour. · 分析：原句中完成进行时态的使用不当，因为“breaking”表示的动作是瞬间的，不适合用进行时态。 时态的逻辑顺序错误： · 错误：He left the room after he has finished his work. · 正确：He left the room after he had finished his work. · 分析：时间状语从句应该使用过去的过去，即过去完成时，以表示逻辑上的先后顺序。 时态与主谓一致性错误： · 错误：She is one of the students who was chosen for the project. · 正确：She is one of the students who were chosen for the project. · 分析：关系从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词“students”保持一致，使用复数形式。 二、非谓语主要知识点梳理 表1. 非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成： 非谓语形式 时态和语态 否定式 复合结构 特征和作用 不定式 to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been done 在非谓语前加not for sb. to do sth. 具有名词，副词和形容词作用 句中做主、宾、定、表和状语 现在分词 doing having done being done having been done 具有副词和形容词的作用 在句中做定、表、宾补和状语 过去分词 done 动名词 doing having done being done having been done sb’s doing 具有名词的作用 在句中做主、宾、定和表语 表2. 做宾语的非谓语动词比较： 情况 常用动词 只接不定式做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 只接动名词做宾语的动词或短语 mind, finish, keep, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, turn to 两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为） need, want, require（接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则用被动形式） 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事;stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do（未发生） remember/forget/regret doing（已发生） go on to do（接着做另外一件事） go on doing（接着做同一件事） try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力） try doing（试试去做，看有何结果） mean to do（打算做，企图做） mean doing （意识是，意味着） can’t help to do（不能帮忙做） can’t help doing（忍不住要做） 表3：接动名词的含有介词的固定句型： ①prevent/stop/keep sb.(sth.)from doing ②spend time(money) in doing sth. ③waste time (money) in doing sth. ④have some difficulty/trouble in doing sth. ⑤have a hard time in doing sth. ⑥there is no sense/point in doing sth. ★一．非谓语动词作主语和表语 1. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; __ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 解析：动名词作主语表示一般或习惯性行为。答案______ 2. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ______. A. he’d like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too. C. to collect coins is also his hobby. D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure. 解析：and连接两个并列句，前一个分句用动名词作主语。答案______ 3. The next thing to consider is _______ the right person to take up the work. A. to find B. find C. finding D. found 解析：区分：不定式常表具体或将来发生的事；动名词则表抽象或泛指的动作。答案______ ★二．非谓语动词作宾语 1. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have ____ the problem. A. to solve B. solving C. solved D. been solving 解析：句型have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 所以选动名词作宾语。答案______ 2．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _______. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving 解析：当need表示“某物需要……”时可接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。答案______ 3. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up. 解析：因devote….to…..中的to是介词，接动名词。答案______ ★三．非谓语动词作定语 1. Learning another language gives us the chance to travel, to be involved with others and ____ in their daily lives and different cultures. A. participate B. participating C. participated D. to participate 解析：不难看出，, and后并列三个动词不定式修饰the chance，做后置定语。答案______ 2. The computer center, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opened C. being opened D. having opened 解析：分词短语做定语，相当非限制性定语从句（=which was opened last year）。答案______ 3. The picture _____ on the wall was painted by my nephew. A. hanged B. hanging C. hung D. being hung .解析：本题考查现在分词作后置定语的用法。hanging on the wall “挂在墙上”，表示状态。答案______ ★四．非谓语动词作状语 1. ______ in a while uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed. 解析：he与dress是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。题中dressed in= as he was dressed in。答案______ 2. When _____ help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered. 解析：因被提供了帮助，才说“谢谢”， When offered help… = When he is offered help…答案______ 3. He left home early only ____ he was late as he went a wrong way. A. found B. finding C. being found D. to find 解析：不定式only to作结果状语，区分：just to/merely to 作目的状语。答案______ ★五．非谓语动词作补语 1. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting. 解析：a man与put是主动关系，且看到时正在发生，所以用现在分词作宾补。答案______ 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning. 解析：在使役动词make; let; have在转变为被动语态后的要带to。答案______ ★六．非谓语动词的时态与语态 1. We absolutely believe that the meeting _____ next Sunday is very important. A. held B. to be held C. to have hold D. being held. 解析：显然选不定式的被动语态作定语修饰meeting。相当于which will be held next Sunday。答案______ 2. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to ______ in time for Christmas.. A. have received B. received C. be received D. be receiving. 解析：句子主语all these gifts与不定式receive构成被动关系。答案______ ★七．非谓语动词的否定形式及逻辑主语 1. While watching television, ______. A. the door bell rang B. the door bell rings C. we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the door bell ring. 解析：现在分词watching的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语，能作其逻辑主语的只有选项C和D中的we；又因为在hear后作宾补的不定式应省略to。答案______ 2. In order to make our city green, ________. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees. B. many more trees need to be planted. C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees. 解析：作目的状语的不定式逻辑主语应和句子中的主语保持一致。答案______ 3. ________ the programmer, they have to stay for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 解析：非谓语动词否定式要将not分在前面，they与complete是主动关系。答案______ 一、语法填空 1．The Internet (effect) our daily life greatly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2．Over the past eighty years, Jane Eyre (translate) into more than 50 languages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The man (stand) there with a book in his hand is my English teacher. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．He has become the first American scientist (award) a Nobel prize. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Rose showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed (prepare) for it pretty well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．The national park has a lot of wildlife, (range) from tigers to elephants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7． by green rolling hills and beautiful lakes, the island looks amazing. (surround) (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．In order to escape (catch), the thief hid himself among the trees. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 1．她从八岁开始就一直打网球。 She since she was eight. 2．主修科学或工程，毕业后找工作不会有问题。 science or engineering, you’ll have no trouble finding work after graduation. 3．她忙着浇花，没有注意到发生的一切。(employ) the flowers, she didn’t notice what was happening. 4．I (参加考试) at 2: 30 tomorrow afternoon, so I can’t go skating with you. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．昨天当我进来时，我妈妈在浏览我的日记。 My mother my diaries I came in yesterday. 6．我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。(感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语) We or pulled down. 7．Since your computer (正在被修理), you can use mine. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8．多年来我们一直要求更好的居住条件。 For years we better living conditions. 9．在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。 In the past ten years, in medicine and environmental science. 10．当我走进会议室的时候，这台机器的优缺点正在被讨论。 The advantages and disadvantages of this machine when I went into the meeting room. 11．Jack’s father has retired from the company. Now Jack (要接受主管公司). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 12．切断了水供应后，工人们正在修理管道。 the water supply, the workers are repairing the pipes. 13．到目前为止，这一概念被运用于绘画、建筑和雕塑中。 So far, this concept   painting, architecture and sculpture. 14．I had to move to another room because (我的房间在装修) then. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 15．得知五分之四的票已经被预订了，经理很高兴。 The manager was happy to learn that four­fifths of the tickets . 一、语法填空 1．So far, nothing like this (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Get a load of the sculpture! The live broadcast (bring) to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．The construction of the two new railway lines (complete) by now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity (conduct) through the string to the key. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．In a few months, the newly planted trees will (surround) by colorful flowers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．When I arrived there, I (strike) by the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The road (widen) when I passed by the village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 51．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” , he said, “lt was like seeing color .” 52．像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗(称为“英国国旗”)。 They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and . 53．北京位于中国的东北部，是中国最大的城市之一。 the northeast of China, Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 54．他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。 He has diverse interests, calligraphy guitar-playing. 55．More people tend to celebrate Christmas, with business (利用) the occasions. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 56．八十多个国家都玩欧式足球，这使得欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。(分词作结果状语) European football is played in more than 80 countries, . 57．观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，我意识到我表演成功了。 I realized it was a successful performance with a thunderous applause from the audience. 58．The four countries (属于) the United Kingdom work together in some areas. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 59． (摆脱，丢弃，扔掉) the stress and worries, the girl practiced yoga and found some inner peace. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60．Fortunately, scientists are believed (想出，想到) some different ideas to cope with global warming. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 61．怎样保护脆弱的生态环境是最令人关注的问题。(疑问词＋动词不定式) was among the top concerns. 62．据说，亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。(be said to have done...) Alexander the Great and Marco Polo such a tree in India. 63．然而花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。 But too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to on other things. 64．The speaker made full preparations and gave the speech without (查阅，参考；提到，谈及) his note. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 65． , I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much money on it. 尽管旅游能够使我增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的金钱不是一个好主意。 66．约翰的建议以及善举应该得到表扬。 John’s . 67．If they take one step further, we (将不得不作出相应的反应). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 68．等交通畅通时，我们的汽油就用完了。 By the time the traffic clears, we will have of gas. 69．When I came here at this time last year, they were building the conference hall. (改为被动语态) 70．应该让学生接触外文原著和阅读大师作品，这有利于培养他们的文学品味。 Students original works and masterpieces, helps cultivate their good taste in literature. 71．This film (以……为根据) a real story in our life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 72．我想我7月已经离开非洲了。 I thought I Africa by July. 73．女孩笑了笑，很快拿起麦克风。 The girl smiled and quickly the microphone. 74．就在那时汤姆突然想到另一个机会来了。 Just then it Tom that another opportunity was knocking. 75．Your plan sounds good, but I’m afraid (你父母不会赞成你一个人去那里).(根据汉语提示完成句子) 76．这些年她一直在为这家杂志撰稿。 She articles to this magazine all these years. 77．明天上午十点我要去机场给一个朋友送行。 I at the airport at ten tomorrow morning. 78．The experts are examining the problem of food safety in this area.（用被动语态改写） 79．We are discussing how to spend the summer holidays now. (用被动语态改写句子) 80．Andrew was repairing the machine at this time yesterday. (用被动语态改写)(句型转换) 三、语篇填空(用括号中动词的适当形式填空) Welcome to our school.I'd like to introduce you to plans for our school.A lot of work 1 (do) in the past few years.The library 2 (complete) and is ready for use.But we still have to do more work.A new biology lab 3 (build)these days.But we don't have enough money for the equipment.Students in all grades 4 (collect) money.The money which is collected 5 (spend) on new equipment.At present，a plan 6 (make) for a party at the end of the term，at which wonderful performances 7 (put)on. Now the garden of the school 8 (improve) and new trees 9 (plant) which will soon give shade in summer.The whole school 10 (paint) during the summer holidays.In fact, our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题08：时态语态及非谓语综合（初高考点差异及衔接） 初中要求 初中阶段的英语学习注重基础语法的掌握和应用，因此对动词时态和语态的综合运用要求学生能够理解并正确使用这些时态和语态来表达不同的时间和动作状态。 高中要求 高中阶段对动词时态和语态的综合运用要求学生能够在各种语境中准确、灵活地使用不同的时态和语态。此外，非谓语部分是高中语法重点内容，需熟练掌握动名词、现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态变化及语法功能。 【初中考点聚焦】 1.基本时态： 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的基本构成和用法。理解现在进行时和过去进行时的构成，以及它们表示正在进行的动作。掌握现在完成时和过去完成时的构成，以及它们表示动作的完成或对现在的影响。 2.被动语态： 理解被动语态的基本构成，包括一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。 3.时态的一致性： 在复合句中保持主句和从句时态的一致性，如时间状语从句和条件状语从句。 4.语态的转换： 理解主动语态和被动语态之间的转换，以及它们在不同语境中的使用。 5.时态的信号词： 识别和使用时态信号词，如时间状语，来帮助确定句子的时态。 【高中考点聚焦】 考纲解读 时态语态、非谓语的准确运用： 除了初中八种基本时态外，还需掌握现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时的用法；将来完成时、将来进行时用法；除了初中几种被动形式外，还需掌握现在进行时与过去进行时的被动语态用法。在阅读理解中分析和理解时态和语态的使用，以及它们对文章意义的影响。在语法填空中准确使用时态和语态，各种非谓语动词形式。在翻译练习及写作中准确转换时态和语态，保持原文的意义和风格。使用非谓语动词增加句子表达的多样化及丰富性。 考点清单 一、时态语态主要知识点梳理 高中阶段时态和语态综合运用易错点分析 时态混淆： · 错误：He is going to the store since he has been there. · 正确：He has been going to the store since he went there. · 分析：原句中使用了现在进行时表示一个持续的状态，但“since”引导的时间状语从句应该使用过去时态来表示过去的一个点。 时态不一致： · 错误：If I were rich, I am buying a house. · 正确：If I were rich, I would buy a house. · 分析：虚拟语气中，主句应该使用would + 动词原形，表示与现实相反的愿望。 进行时态的误用： · 错误：She is reading the book since last year. · 正确：She has been reading the book since last year. · 分析：原句中应该使用现在完成进行时来表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。 完成时态的误用： · 错误：I have finished my homework but I will start it tomorrow. · 正确：I finished my homework yesterday, but I will start another assignment tomorrow. · 分析：完成时态表示动作已经完成，与将来时间点矛盾，应该使用过去时态。 完成进行时态的误用： · 错误：She has been breaking the vase for an hour. · 正确：She has been trying to break the vase for an hour. · 分析：原句中完成进行时态的使用不当，因为“breaking”表示的动作是瞬间的，不适合用进行时态。 时态的逻辑顺序错误： · 错误：He left the room after he has finished his work. · 正确：He left the room after he had finished his work. · 分析：时间状语从句应该使用过去的过去，即过去完成时，以表示逻辑上的先后顺序。 时态与主谓一致性错误： · 错误：She is one of the students who was chosen for the project. · 正确：She is one of the students who were chosen for the project. · 分析：关系从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词“students”保持一致，使用复数形式。 二、非谓语主要知识点梳理 表1. 非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成： 非谓语形式 时态和语态 否定式 复合结构 特征和作用 不定式 to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been done 在非谓语前加not for sb. to do sth. 具有名词，副词和形容词作用 句中做主、宾、定、表和状语 现在分词 doing having done being done having been done 具有副词和形容词的作用 在句中做定、表、宾补和状语 过去分词 done 动名词 doing having done being done having been done sb’s doing 具有名词的作用 在句中做主、宾、定和表语 表2. 做宾语的非谓语动词比较： 情况 常用动词 只接不定式做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 只接动名词做宾语的动词或短语 mind, finish, keep, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, turn to 两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为） need, want, require（接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则用被动形式） 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事;stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do（未发生） remember/forget/regret doing（已发生） go on to do（接着做另外一件事） go on doing（接着做同一件事） try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力） try doing（试试去做，看有何结果） mean to do（打算做，企图做） mean doing （意识是，意味着） can’t help to do（不能帮忙做） can’t help doing（忍不住要做） 表3：接动名词的含有介词的固定句型： ①prevent/stop/keep sb.(sth.)from doing ②spend time(money) in doing sth. ③waste time (money) in doing sth. ④have some difficulty/trouble in doing sth. ⑤have a hard time in doing sth. ⑥there is no sense/point in doing sth. ★一．非谓语动词作主语和表语 1. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; __ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 解析：动名词作主语表示一般或习惯性行为。答案______ 2. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and ______. A. he’d like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too. C. to collect coins is also his hobby. D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure. 解析：and连接两个并列句，前一个分句用动名词作主语。答案______ 3. The next thing to consider is _______ the right person to take up the work. A. to find B. find C. finding D. found 解析：区分：不定式常表具体或将来发生的事；动名词则表抽象或泛指的动作。答案______ ★二．非谓语动词作宾语 1. You can’t imagine what great trouble they have ____ the problem. A. to solve B. solving C. solved D. been solving 解析：句型have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 所以选动名词作宾语。答案______ 2．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _______. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving 解析：当need表示“某物需要……”时可接动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。答案______ 3. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up. 解析：因devote….to…..中的to是介词，接动名词。答案______ ★三．非谓语动词作定语 1. Learning another language gives us the chance to travel, to be involved with others and ____ in their daily lives and different cultures. A. participate B. participating C. participated D. to participate 解析：不难看出，, and后并列三个动词不定式修饰the chance，做后置定语。答案______ 2. The computer center, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opened C. being opened D. having opened 解析：分词短语做定语，相当非限制性定语从句（=which was opened last year）。答案______ 3. The picture _____ on the wall was painted by my nephew. A. hanged B. hanging C. hung D. being hung .解析：本题考查现在分词作后置定语的用法。hanging on the wall “挂在墙上”，表示状态。答案______ ★四．非谓语动词作状语 1. ______ in a while uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed. 解析：he与dress是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。题中dressed in= as he was dressed in。答案______ 2. When _____ help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered. 解析：因被提供了帮助，才说“谢谢”， When offered help… = When he is offered help…答案______ 3. He left home early only ____ he was late as he went a wrong way. A. found B. finding C. being found D. to find 解析：不定式only to作结果状语，区分：just to/merely to 作目的状语。答案______ ★五．非谓语动词作补语 1. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting. 解析：a man与put是主动关系，且看到时正在发生，所以用现在分词作宾补。答案______ 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning. 解析：在使役动词make; let; have在转变为被动语态后的要带to。答案______ ★六．非谓语动词的时态与语态 1. We absolutely believe that the meeting _____ next Sunday is very important. A. held B. to be held C. to have hold D. being held. 解析：显然选不定式的被动语态作定语修饰meeting。相当于which will be held next Sunday。答案______ 2. All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to ______ in time for Christmas.. A. have received B. received C. be received D. be receiving. 解析：句子主语all these gifts与不定式receive构成被动关系。答案______ ★七．非谓语动词的否定形式及逻辑主语 1. While watching television, ______. A. the door bell rang B. the door bell rings C. we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the door bell ring. 解析：现在分词watching的逻辑主语一定是句子的主语，能作其逻辑主语的只有选项C和D中的we；又因为在hear后作宾补的不定式应省略to。答案______ 2. In order to make our city green, ________. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees. B. many more trees need to be planted. C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees. 解析：作目的状语的不定式逻辑主语应和句子中的主语保持一致。答案______ 3. ________ the programmer, they have to stay for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 解析：非谓语动词否定式要将not分在前面，they与complete是主动关系。答案______ 一、语法填空 1．The Internet (effect) our daily life greatly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】affects 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：互联网极大地影响了我们的日常生活。根据汉语提示可知应用动词affect，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The Internet，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填affects。 2．Over the past eighty years, Jane Eyre (translate) into more than 50 languages. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been translated 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的八十年，《简爱》已经被翻译成了50多种语言。此空作谓语动词，Jane Eyre作主语，为单数，根据时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语与translate之间为被动关系，故填has been translated。 3．The man (stand) there with a book in his hand is my English teacher. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：站在那里手里拿着一本书的那个人是我的英语老师。此处stand与man为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填standing。 4．He has become the first American scientist (award) a Nobel prize. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to be awarded 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：他成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的美国科学家。American scientist被序数词the first修饰，空格处用不定式作后置定语，科学家是被授予诺贝尔奖，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be done，故填to be awarded。 5．Rose showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed (prepare) for it pretty well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to have prepared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：罗斯在比赛前没有表现出焦虑。她似乎准备得很充分。seem to do“似乎做某事”是固定搭配，结合语境和上文“Rose showed no anxiety before the competition.”可知，“准备”发生在谓语动词seemed之前，应用不定式的完成式to have done。故填to have prepared。 6．The national park has a lot of wildlife, (range) from tigers to elephants. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个国家公园有很多野生动物，从老虎到大象。句子谓语动词是has，空格处需要非谓语动词，此处range与wildlife构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填ranging。 7． by green rolling hills and beautiful lakes, the island looks amazing. (surround) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座岛屿被绿色连绵起伏的山丘和美丽的湖泊所包围，看起来令人惊叹。本句谓语为looks，此处为非谓语动词，且the island与surround“包围”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Surrounded。 8．In order to escape (catch), the thief hid himself among the trees. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being caught 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了逃避抓捕，小偷藏匿在树林中。escape doing sth.固定搭配，意为“逃避做某事”，catch和主语the thief是被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态，故填being caught。 9．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being shown 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being shown。 10．When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were being questioned 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我打开门正要离开时，我注意到有两个人正在接受警察的盘问。that引导宾语从句，空处缺少从句谓语，主语two men与question构成被动关系，且结合句意可知，此处表示“过去正在被盘问”，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were being questioned。 二、完成句子 1．她从八岁开始就一直打网球。 She since she was eight. 【答案】has been playing tennis 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“从过去到现在一直在做某事”使用现在完成进行时“have/has been doing ”，“打网球”为“play tennis”，主语she为单数意义，故填has been playing tennis。 2．主修科学或工程，毕业后找工作不会有问题。 science or engineering, you’ll have no trouble finding work after graduation. 【答案】Majoring in 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“主修”，可用动词短语major in，且句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，major in和you逻辑上是主动关系，major应用现在分词的形式，作条件状语，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Majoring in。 3．她忙着浇花，没有注意到发生的一切。(employ) the flowers, she didn’t notice what was happening. 【答案】Employed in watering 【详解】考查非谓语。“忙于做”be employed in doing，空处在句中作状语，动词employ与主语she之间是被动关系，用过去分词employed，用于句首首字母大写；“浇花”water，用动名词形式作介词in的宾语。故填Employed in watering。 4．I (参加考试) at 2: 30 tomorrow afternoon, so I can’t go skating with you. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】will be taking an exam 【详解】考查时态。句意：我明天下午两点半要考试，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰了。“参加考试”表达为take an exam；根据“at 2:30 tomorrow afternoon”可知，此处陈述将来某个时刻正在发生的事情，应用将来进行时。故填will be taking an exam。 5．昨天当我进来时，我妈妈在浏览我的日记。 My mother my diaries I came in yesterday. 【答案】 was looking through when 【详解】考查时态和固定句型：浏览： look through ；句式结构 be doing ...when ，根据“when I came in yesterday .”可知进来的时候，妈妈正在浏览我的日记，用过去进行时 was / were doing ，主语是 My mother , be 动词用 was。故填was looking through； when。 6．我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。(感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语) We or pulled down. 【答案】see more and more ancient buildings being destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，本句使用了“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，表示“看到”含义的动词为：see；表示“越来越多的古建筑”含义的表达为：more and more ancient buildings；“正在被破坏”在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词表示一个被动动作正在发生，翻译为：being destroyed，故填see more and more ancient buildings being destroyed。 7．Since your computer (正在被修理), you can use mine. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is being repaired/is under repair 【详解】考查动词时态语态和介词短语。句意：既然你的电脑正在修理，你可以用我的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据汉语提示，表示“正在被修理”可以使用现在进行时的被动语态，即is being repaired；也可以使用is under repair，介词短语作表语。故答案为is being repaired或者is under repair。 8．多年来我们一直要求更好的居住条件。 For years we better living conditions. 【答案】have been demanding 【详解】考查动词。结合句意“要求”可知应用动词demand，根据上文可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have been demanding。 9．在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。 In the past ten years, in medicine and environmental science. 【答案】great advances have been made/great progress has been made 【详解】考查时态语态和名词。表示“巨大的进步”短语为great advances或great progress；此处谓语为make与主语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past ten years可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填great advances have been made/great progress has been made。 10．当我走进会议室的时候，这台机器的优缺点正在被讨论。 The advantages and disadvantages of this machine when I went into the meeting room. 【答案】were being discussed 【详解】考查时态和语态。“讨论”为discuss，主语“dvantages and disadvantages”承受discuss的动作，结合“when I went into the meeting room”可知，谓语动词使用过去进行时的被动语态，并且主语为复数意义，故填were being discussed。 11．Jack’s father has retired from the company. Now Jack (要接受主管公司). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is to take over the company 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：杰克的父亲已经从公司退休了。现在杰克要接受主管公司。根据汉语提示，表示“按计划或安排要做某事”含义的表达为“be to do sth.”，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，可知谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语 Jack 是第三人称单数，所以 be 动词用 is；表示“主管，接管”含义的表达为take over；表示“公司”含义的表达为company，故填is to take over the company。 12．切断了水供应后，工人们正在修理管道。 the water supply, the workers are repairing the pipes. 【答案】 Having cut off 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“切断了后”。表示“切断”用固定短语cut off，本句谓语为are repairing，此处为非谓语动词，且the workers与cut off为主动关系，本句强调cut off这个动作发生在谓语动词are repairing之前，用现在分词的完成式，作状语。故填Having cut off。 13．到目前为止，这一概念被运用于绘画、建筑和雕塑中。 So far, this concept   painting, architecture and sculpture. 【答案】has been applied to 【详解】考查时态主谓一致和动词短语。“被应用于”be applied to，由So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been applied to。 14．I had to move to another room because (我的房间在装修) then. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】mine was being decorated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：我不得不搬到另一个房间，因为我的房间正在装修。表示“我的”用mine，作主语。结合句子意思和had可知，because引导的原因状语从句用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的事情，表示“装修”用decorate，与主语mine为被动关系，故用过去进行时的被动语态。主语mine为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填mine was being decorated。 15．得知五分之四的票已经被预订了，经理很高兴。 The manager was happy to learn that four­fifths of the tickets . 【答案】had been booked 【详解】考查时态语态。表示“预订”应用动词book，且与主语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been booked。 一、语法填空 1．So far, nothing like this (invent) yet and we are a long way from an invention like that. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been invented 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，这样的东西还没有被发明出来，我们离这样的发明还有很长的路要走。根据So far可知，本句为现在完成时，主语nothing 与invent为被动关系，所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been invented。 2．Get a load of the sculpture! The live broadcast (bring) to you from one of the largest museums on Earth. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being brought 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看看这个雕塑！这场直播来自地球上最大的博物馆之一。由“Get a load of the sculpture!”可知，现在正在进行现场直播，broadcast和bring之间是被动关系，因此句子用现在进行时的被动语态be being done，主语The live broadcast是单数，因此空格处是is being brought。故填is being brought。 3．The construction of the two new railway lines (complete) by now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been completed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这两条新铁路线的建设到现在已经完成。根据时间状语by now可知，应用现在完成时，且主语The construction of the two new railway lines与词complete之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填has been completed。 4．Look! The guests (show) around the factory. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being shown 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：看！客人们在被领着参观工厂。show(带领，引领)是句中谓语动词，与主语The guests之间是被动关系，结合Look!可知，描述正在发生的事情，用现在进行时的被动语态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being shown。 5．More new technologies (apply) in the field of IT at present. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are being applied 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：目前更多的新技术正在信息技术领域得到应用。由时间状语at present可知，此处应用现在进行时。主语more new technologies与apply之间为被动关系，故应用现在进行时的被动语态。主语为复数形式，故填are being applied。 6．A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity (conduct) through the string to the key. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was conducted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导到了钥匙上。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据前半句话中的hit可知，本句话为一般过去时，描述过去的事实。主语electricity和该动词之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was conducted。 7．In a few months, the newly planted trees will (surround) by colorful flowers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be surrounded 【详解】考查语态。句意：几个月后，新栽的树将被五颜六色的鲜花包围。主语the newly planted trees与surround之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。will后接动词原形。根据句意，故填be surrounded。 8．When I arrived there, I (strike) by the beauty of the snow-covered rural landscape. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was struck 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：当我到达那里时，我被白雪覆盖的乡村美景所吸引。此空为主句的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词arrived可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，strike与主语I之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第一人称。故填was struck。 9．When I went to pay him a visit in the hospital, he (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being examined 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当我去医院看望他时，他正在接受医生的检查。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及从句动词went可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，结合he和动词examine为被动关系，所以为过去进行时的被动语态结构。故填was being examined。 10．The road (widen) when I passed by the village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being widened 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当我经过村庄时，路正在被拓宽。空处为主句谓语动词；结合语境可知，此处表示路过时看到路正在拓宽，因此主句为过去进行时；widen“拓宽”和主语The road之间是被动的关系，需用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was being widened。 二、完成句子 51．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。” , he said, “lt was like seeing color .” 【答案】 Affected by the music for the first time 【详解】考查非谓语动词、介词短语。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作状语，可推断出此处应使用过去分词短语，根据汉语提示，表示“他被这段音乐打动了”，含义的表达为： affected by the music，表示被动及完成的动作；第二个空白处位于句中，表示“第一次”含义的短语为for the first time，符合句意要求。故填Affected by the music；for the first time。 52．像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗(称为“英国国旗”)。 They use the same flag, the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and . 【答案】 known as military defence 【详解】考查形容词和名词短语。称为为“be known as”，本句为形容词作定语，国防为military defence，作宾语，defence不可数。故填known as；military defence。 53．北京位于中国的东北部，是中国最大的城市之一。 the northeast of China, Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 【答案】 Located in 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：北京位于中国的东北部，是中国最大的城市之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语is，空处应使用非谓语形式，“位于”可使用固定短语be located in，动词locate与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此可省略be动词使用过去分词作状语，位于句首时首字母大写。故填①Located；②in。 54．他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。 He has diverse interests, calligraphy guitar-playing. 【答案】 ranging from to 【详解】考查动词短语。“从……到……”用动词短语range from...to...；空格后的部分应该用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词interests，动词range与名词interests之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式作定语。故填ranging from；to 55．More people tend to celebrate Christmas, with business (利用) the occasions. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 taking advantage of 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：越来越多的人倾向于庆祝圣诞节，商家也趁此机会加以利用。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语take advantage of“利用”。该动词短语在句中作宾语补足语，和宾语business之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填①taking②advantage③of。 56．八十多个国家都玩欧式足球，这使得欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的运动。(分词作结果状语) European football is played in more than 80 countries, . 【答案】making it the most popular sports in the world 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“这使得欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的运动”是上文的结果，可处理为现在分词短语，表示情理之中的结果；“使”用使役动词make表示，与其逻辑主语，即“八十多个国家都玩欧式足球”，之间是主动关系，用现在分词making，宾语“欧式足球”用代词it指代，“世界上最受欢迎的运动”作宾语补足语，用the most popular sports in the world表示。故填making it the most popular sports in the world。 57．观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声，我意识到我表演成功了。 I realized it was a successful performance with a thunderous applause from the audience. 【答案】 breaking out 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语break out“爆发”。分析句子结构可知，该动词短语在句中作宾语补足语，和宾语“a thunderous applause”之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。故填①breaking②out。 58．The four countries (属于) the United Kingdom work together in some areas. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】belonging to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这四个属于联合王国的国家在某些领域合作。belong to“属于”，和The four countries之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填belonging to。 59． (摆脱，丢弃，扔掉) the stress and worries, the girl practiced yoga and found some inner peace. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】To get rid of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了摆脱压力和担忧，女孩练习瑜伽，找到了内心的平静。根据汉语提示“摆脱，丢弃，扔掉”可知，此处使用固定短语get rid of，本句谓语为practiced和found，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填To get rid of。 60．Fortunately, scientists are believed (想出，想到) some different ideas to cope with global warming. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】to have come up with 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。句意：幸运的是，人们相信科学家们已经想出了一些不同的想法来应对全球变暖。“想出，想到”是固定短语come up with，sb. be believed to do是固定短语，意为“相信某人会做某事”，此处表示科学家已经提出了一些不同的想法，因此空处用不定式的完成式，故填to have come up with。 61．怎样保护脆弱的生态环境是最令人关注的问题。(疑问词＋动词不定式) was among the top concerns. 【答案】How to protect the delicate ecosystem 【详解】考查“特殊疑问词+不定式”复合结构。“特殊疑问词+不定式”是一种常见复合结构，该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和补足语；“怎样保护脆弱的生态环境”是句中作主语，可用“特殊疑问词+不定式”复合结构，结合句意用特殊疑问词how表示“怎样”，“保护脆弱的生态环境”用不定式to protect the delicate ecosystem；句首单词首字母大写。故填How to protect the delicate ecosystem。 62．据说，亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。(be said to have done...) Alexander the Great and Marco Polo such a tree in India. 【答案】were said to have visited 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。中英文对比，可知缺少“据说……参观过”，可以使用句型be said to have done...，句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，be动词使用were ，“参观”是visit，“参观过”表示该动作发生在were said之前，所以用动词不定式的完成式符合题意。故答案为were said to have visited。 63．然而花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。 But too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to on other things. 【答案】 spending focus 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。“花费”为动词spend，此处作主语，应用动名词形式，“把精力放在……”为固定搭配focus on，由不定式to可知，动词focus应用原形，故填spending；focus。 64．The speaker made full preparations and gave the speech without (查阅，参考；提到，谈及) his note. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】referring to 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：演讲者做了充分的准备，在没有查看他的笔记情况下发表了演讲。根据汉语提示“查阅，参考；提到，谈及”，以及句子结构可知，此处需要动词短语refer to充当介词without的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填referring to。 65． , I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much money on it. 尽管旅游能够使我增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的金钱不是一个好主意。 【答案】While travelling can broaden my mind 【详解】考查让步状语从句，情态动词，名词。根据汉语意思可知，本句为让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句的连词可以用while，表示“虽然，尽管”；“旅行”为travel，在本句中作主语，所以用动名词；表示“能够”用can，情态动词后加动词原形，表示“增长”用broaden，“见识”用mind，“我的”用my。故答案为While travelling can broaden my mind。 66．约翰的建议以及善举应该得到表扬。 John’s . 【答案】proposal and kind behaviour deserved to be praised/praising/praise 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。“建议以及善举”proposal and kind behaviour，作句子主语，“值得做某事”使用动词短语deserve to be done/deserve doing/deserve +名词，句子描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式，“表扬”praise。故填proposal and kind behaviour deserved to be praised/praising/praise。 67．If they take one step further, we (将不得不作出相应的反应). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】will have to react accordingly 【详解】考查动词和短语、副词。句意：如果他们更进一步，我们将不得不作出相应的反应。If引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，表示“不得不”用have to do，表示“作出反应”用动词react，表示“相应地”用accordingly，副词作状语。故填will have to react accordingly。 68．等交通畅通时，我们的汽油就用完了。 By the time the traffic clears, we will have of gas. 【答案】 run out 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“用完”之意，run out of用完，动词短语，符合题意；由英语题干可知，空处谓语动词使用了将来完成时态：will have done，所以空处动词需用过去分词run。故填run。 69．When I came here at this time last year, they were building the conference hall. (改为被动语态) 【答案】When I came here at this time last year, the conference hall was being built by them. 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当我去年这个时候来到这里时，他们正在建造会议厅。此处主句改为被动语态，the conference hall作主语；为过去进行时的被动语态，表示被动应用介词by。故改为When I came here at this time last year, the conference hall was being built by them. 70．应该让学生接触外文原著和阅读大师作品，这有利于培养他们的文学品味。 Students original works and masterpieces, helps cultivate their good taste in literature. 【答案】 should be exposed to which 【详解】考查动词、情态动词、语态和定语从句。“让……接触……”为expose sb to sth，“让学生接触”为expose students to，句中Students作主语，此句为被动语态sb be exposed to；“应该”should，被动语态为should be done结构，故第一空填should be exposed to；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，并在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。故填①should be exposed to；②which。 71．This film (以……为根据) a real story in our life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is based on 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这部电影是以我们生活中的一个真实故事为根据改编的。“以……为根据”用动词base表示，作谓语，与主语This film之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。综上，谓语用一般现在时被动语态，单数形式。故填is based on。 72．我想我7月已经离开非洲了。 I thought I Africa by July. 【答案】would have left 【详解】考查时态。根据主句时态可知，从句与过去时态有关。根据从句时间状语by July可知，站在过去看将来某个时间点前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成将来时。故填would have left。 73．女孩笑了笑，很快拿起麦克风。 The girl smiled and quickly the microphone. 【答案】 picked up 【详解】考查时态和动词短语。“拿起”pick up，由and可知，空处应用动词的过去式与smiled并列，作并列谓语。故填①picked；②up。 74．就在那时汤姆突然想到另一个机会来了。 Just then it Tom that another opportunity was knocking. 【答案】 occurred to 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“某人突然想到……”，用固定短语It occurs/occurred to sb. that...，其中to为介词，根据was可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填①occurred②to。 75．Your plan sounds good, but I’m afraid (你父母不会赞成你一个人去那里).(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】your parents won’t approve of your going there alone 【详解】考查时态和动名词的复合结构。句意：你的计划听起来不错，但恐怕你父母不会赞成你一个人去那里。“你父母不会赞成你一个人去那里”为一般将来时，赞成为approve of ，一个人去那里为go there alone, of 后接“形容词性物主代词+动名词”的复合结构作宾语。故填your parents won’t approve of your going there alone. 76．这些年她一直在为这家杂志撰稿。 She articles to this magazine all these years. 【答案】has been contributing 【详解】考查动词及时态。表示“撰稿”应用动词contribute；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有all these years作时间状语，谓语用现在完成进行时，主语是She，谓语用第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。故填has been contributing。 77．明天上午十点我要去机场给一个朋友送行。 I at the airport at ten tomorrow morning. 【答案】will be seeing a friend off 【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。“给……送行”可表示为see sb. off，off为副词，修饰see，“一个朋友”可表示为a friend。根据时间状语at ten tomorrow morning可知，这里表示在将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故填will be seeing a friend off。 78．The experts are examining the problem of food safety in this area.（用被动语态改写） 【答案】The problem of food safety in this area is being examined by the experts. 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：专家们正在研究这个地区的食品安全问题。此处改为现在进行时的被动语态，主语为The problem of food safety in this area，谓语用单数。故改为The problem of food safety in this area is being examined by the experts.。 79．We are discussing how to spend the summer holidays now. (用被动语态改写句子) 【答案】How to spend the summer holidays is being discussed (by us) now. 【详解】考查现在进行时被动语态。句意：我们现在正在讨论如何度过暑假。根据题干要求改写为被动语态。原句为现在进行时的结构，句中how to spend the summer holidays与discuss之间为被动关系，故使用现在进行时被动语态的结构，即am/is/are being done的结构。此处表示“被我们所正在讨论”故使用by us，该短语可以省略。故答案为How to spend the summer holidays is being discussed (by us) now. 80．Andrew was repairing the machine at this time yesterday. (用被动语态改写)(句型转换) 【答案】The machine was being repaired by Andrew at this time yesterday. 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：昨天这个时候，安德鲁正在修理机器。此处改为The machine作主语，用过去进行时的被动语态，表示“被……”应用介词by。故改为The machine was being repaired by Andrew at this time yesterday. 三、语篇填空(用括号中动词的适当形式填空) Welcome to our school.I'd like to introduce you to plans for our school.A lot of work 1 (do) in the past few years.The library 2 (complete) and is ready for use.But we still have to do more work.A new biology lab 3 (build)these days.But we don't have enough money for the equipment.Students in all grades 4 (collect) money.The money which is collected 5 (spend) on new equipment.At present，a plan 6 (make) for a party at the end of the term，at which wonderful performances 7 (put)on. Now the garden of the school 8 (improve) and new trees 9 (plant) which will soon give shade in summer.The whole school 10 (paint) during the summer holidays.In fact, our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 参考答案： 1. has been done　2.has been completed　3.is being built　4.are collecting　5.will be spent　 6. is being made7.will be put　8.is being improved　9.are being planted 10.is going to be painted/will be ~ed 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$