2025届高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(13) 讲义

一、高考英语阅读细节题三步法： 第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向 第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系） 第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说) 2、 高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练 It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissfulas the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the central heating and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me—after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew—what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 1. What bothered the author when winter came? A. The cold weather influenced her working performance. B. She eventually realized freelancing wasn’t to her taste. C. Masses of freelancing work brought her much anxiety. D. She couldn’t even earn enough to meet daily basics. 第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向 1. What bothered the author when winter came? 冬天来了，是什么让作者烦恼呢 第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系） When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the central heating and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me—after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew—what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? 当冬天来临的时候，一间由别人支付中央供暖费用并保证我的工资的办公室似乎很有吸引力。一月对于自由职业者来说是艰难的(自由职业者)，对我来说也一样——在做了大量的工作之后，我一无所获。我把我的恐惧告诉了我认识的一些商界女性——如果现实更像我所经历的呢? 第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说) 1. What bothered the author when winter came? 冬天来了，是什么让作者烦恼呢 A. The cold weather influenced her working performance.寒冷的天气影响了她的工作表现 B. She eventually realized freelancing wasn’t to her taste.她最终意识到自由职业不合她的口味。 C. Masses of freelancing work brought her much anxiety.大量的自由职业给她带来了很大的焦虑。 D. She couldn’t even earn enough to meet daily basics.她甚至挣不到足够的钱来维持日常生活。（直接原文对应） 2. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To explore where our strength lies. D. To pursue what we really desire. 第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向 2. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? 根据作者的观点，我们为什么要辞职去找一份新工作? 第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系） You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. 你不能对你所做的事情三心二意，因为在某些时候，你会有痛苦的日子。当这种情况发生时，你必须记住你最初为什么想要这种生活。不要因为你认为可能更有趣的事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职。 第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说) 2. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? 根据作者的观点，我们为什么要辞职去找一份新工作? A. To escape from the current pain. 为了逃避目前的痛苦。 B. To satisfy our temporary interests.满足我们一时的兴趣 C. To explore where our strength lies. 去探索我们的力量所在 D. To pursue what we really desire.去追求我们真正渴望的东西。 Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about.不要因为你认为可能更有趣的事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职。 这是反话正说，既然不要因为您的兴趣辞职，那么换句话来说不就是追求您的兴趣 Birds gained the ability to fly about 150 million years ago, which was a major event in animal history. For a long time, though, scientists have not fully understood how that change happened. A new study may cast light on the answer. A team of researchers found that birds evolved (进化) to fly due to changes in the part of the brain called the cerebellum (小脑), which is responsible for motor control and physical movement. For the study, scientists from Stony Brook University in New York and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Maryland compared PET scans (层析扫描) of pigeons to dinosaur fossils (化石). Unlike an X-ray, which shows the body’s structure, PET scans create images of the body at work. With the PET scans, the team tracked the brain activity of modern pigeons to see whether it was different when the birds were at rest and right after they flew for 10 minutes. They scanned eight birds and looked at 26 parts of the brain. Only the cerebellum showed significant changes in activity levels before and after flying for all the birds. These findings indicated that the ability to fly is connected to the cerebellum. To determine exactly how, the research team needed to figure out what the cerebellum looked like in creatures that were alive around the time birds began to fly. They studied a group of bird-like dinosaurs, including a winged species called Archaeopteryx, which had started to develop the brain conditions needed for flight. The researchers couldn’t look at the actual brains because those disappeared long ago. But they could look at the dinosaurs’ skulls (颅骨), which once held the brains and have been found in fossil form. The researchers studied the inside of the skulls, which showed the size and shape of the creatures’ brains. In the dinosaurs that were developing the ability to fly, the team saw a significant increase in the size of the cerebellum. They also noted signs of increased brain complexity, like folds in the brain tissue. These findings confirmed a connection between flying and changes to the cerebellum. 1. What can we conclude from the PET scans? A. The body structure of birds has evolved a lot. B. 26 parts of the brain displayed signs of change. C. Brain activity remained unchanged throughout. D. The cerebellum holds the key to birds’ flying ability. 第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向 1. What can we conclude from the PET scans? 从PET扫描我们能得出什么结论 第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系） Birds gained the ability to fly about 150 million years ago, which was a major event in animal history. For a long time, though, scientists have not fully understood how that change happened. A new study may cast light on the answer. A team of researchers found that birds evolved (进化) to fly due to changes in the part of the brain called the cerebellum (小脑), which is responsible for motor control and physical movement. 鸟类在大约1.5亿年前获得了飞行能力，这是动物历史上的一件大事。然而，很长一段时间以来，科学家们并没有完全理解这种变化是如何发生的。一项新的研究可能会揭示这个问题的答案。一组研究人员发现，鸟类进化(进化)能够飞行是因为大脑中负责运动控制和身体运动的小脑(小脑)发生了变化。 第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说) 1. What can we conclude from the PET scans? 从PET扫描我们能得出什么结论? A. The body structure of birds has evolved a lot.鸟类的身体结构已经进化了很多。 B. 26 parts of the brain displayed signs of change.大脑的26个部分显示出变化的迹象 C. Brain activity remained unchanged throughout.整个过程中，大脑活动保持不变。 D. The cerebellum holds the key to birds’ flying ability.小脑是鸟类飞行能力的关键。 A team of researchers found that birds evolved (进化) to fly due to changes in the part of the brain called the cerebellum (小脑), which is responsible for motor control and physical movement. 一组研究人员发现，鸟类进化(进化)能够飞行是因为大脑中负责运动控制和身体运动的小脑(小脑)发生了变化。 2. How did the scientists confirm the connection? A. By unearthing more brain fossils. B. By scanning brains of Archaeopteryx. C. By studying structures of winged species. D. By comparing sizes and shapes of brains. 第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向 2. How did the scientists confirm the connection? 科学家们是如何证实这种联系的? 第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系） These findings indicated that the ability to fly is connected to the cerebellum. To determine exactly how, the research team needed to figure out what the cerebellum looked like in creatures that were alive around the time birds began to fly. They studied a group of bird-like dinosaurs, including a winged species called Archaeopteryx, which had started to develop the brain conditions needed for flight. 这些发现表明飞行能力与小脑有关。为了确定确切的机制，研究小组需要弄清楚在鸟类开始飞行的时候活着的生物的小脑是什么样子的。他们研究了一组类鸟恐龙，包括一种叫做始祖鸟的有翼恐龙，它已经开始发育飞行所需的大脑条件。 The researchers couldn’t look at the actual brains because those disappeared long ago. But they could look at the dinosaurs’ skulls (颅骨), which once held the brains and have been found in fossil form. The researchers studied the inside of the skulls, which showed the size and shape of the creatures’ brains. 研究人员无法观察真正的大脑，因为那些大脑很久以前就消失了。但他们可以看看恐龙的头骨(颅骨)，那里曾经装着大脑，已经以化石的形式被发现。研究人员研究了头骨的内部，显示了这些生物大脑的大小和形状。 第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说) 2. How did the scientists confirm the connection? 科学家们是如何证实这种联系的? A. By unearthing more brain fossils. 通过发掘更多的脑化石。 B. By scanning brains of Archaeopteryx.通过扫描始祖鸟的大脑。 C. By studying structures of winged species. 通过研究有翼物种的结构。 D. By comparing sizes and shapes of brains.通过比较大脑的大小和形状。 The researchers studied the inside of the skulls, which showed the size and shape of the creatures’ brains. 研究人员研究了头骨的内部，显示了这些生物大脑的大小和形状。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$