精品解析：2024届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期三模英语试题

岳阳市2024届高三教学质量监测（三） 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分为四部分，共12页。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号与校名填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Help wear a tie. B. Buy dad a suit. C. Talk about a match. 2. How is the man feeling now? A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 3. Where probably are the speakers? A. In the street. B. In a supermarket. C. In a bank. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A former colleague. B. A change of their jobs. C. A new company. 5. What is the total value of the toy cars? A. £50. B. £130. C. £150. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want to do? A. Clean the window. B. Take a seat. C. Buy a card. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Neighbors. C. Classmates. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How does the man exercise this week? A. By going to the gym. B. By playing with the dog. C. By cycling to and from work. 9. What did the man do this Wednesday? A. He watched TV. B. He attended a meeting. C. He did a lot of exercise. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What is the woman’s trouble? A. She fails to pay attention in class. B. She can’t keep up with her classmates. C. She doesn’t know how to write the paper. 11. What is the man busy doing? A Forming a group. B. Chairing meetings. C. Getting ready for a play. 12. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. Watch a race. B. Have a good rest. C. Go to a birthday party. 13. Why does the man decide to take part in the run tomorrow? A. To support the woman. B. To help the kids in Africa. C. To raise money for a party. 听第9段材料、回答第14至17题。 14. When is the conversation probably taking place? A. In June. B. In September. C. In October. 15. Why did the speakers go to the museum? A. Their teacher took them there. B. It was for their history homework. C. Their teacher advised them to go there. 16. What did the woman find most impressive? A. The calligraphy exhibition. B. The unique design of the building. C. The number of the museum’s collections. 17. How will the speakers probably go back to the hotel? A. By bicycle. B. On foot. C. By subway. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To share his teaching experience. B. To introduce an English program. C. To encourage students to learn English. 19. How old is Speak Up London? A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old. 20. What does the speaker say about the classes? A. They are given in many ways. B. They are designed for the beginners. C. They are arranged in a fixed schedule. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Rewards at West Exe School West Exe School is a fully inclusive comprehensive secondary school. Listed below are the ways the school celebrate success with students, parents and staff during the academic year. Merit Badges Merit badges are awarded in line with the student qualities. E.g., when a student reaches 200 merits in a semester for being kind, they receive their kind merit badge. The West Exe shield is awarded to students who have achieved all six merit badges. The Golden Ticket Every two weeks, all members of staff have a ‘Golden Ticket’ which they can award to any student who has displayed what the student qualities stand for. There will be a bi-weekly focus on one of the student qualities as positive reinforcement. The golden tickets awarded are then placed in a prize draw, for prizes suggested by the student body. Punctuality Award Students who are on time for every lesson across the week will be entered into a prize draw. This is to promote the importance of punctuality in school and in life. Headteacher Reward Headteacher’s Reward is given to students who have been nominated (提名) by staff members every month for demonstrating the qualities, behaviors and values of what it means to be an exceptional West Exe Student. They are also awarded to students who have shown exceptional achievement, either in school or as part of an extracurricular activity. This includes a certificate and pen, with a letter going home to parents to share news of the young person’s achievement. 1. Which of the following rewards is given most frequently? A. Merit Badges. B. The Golden Ticket. C. Punctuality Award. D. Headteacher Reward. 2. What do we know about Headteacher Reward? A. All staff members can be nominated for the award. B. Students rewarded will receive a certificate and a letter. C. Parents of the students awarded will be honored with a letter. D. Only students making outstanding achievements in school can be awarded. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A school website. B. A news report. C. A travel leaflet. D. A book review. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了West Exe School的几个奖项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。题目关键信息为“…award is given most frequently”可知询问奖励最频繁的奖励是什么。正确答案是C. Punctuality Award. 是“across the week (一周)”。因为A. Merit Badges是“in a semester. (一个学期)”；B. The Golden Ticket. 是“every two weeks (每两周)”；D. Headteacher Reward. 是“every month (每一个月)”，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。题目关键信息为“…Headteacher Reward…”根据Headteacher Reward最后一句“This includes a certificate and pen, with a letter going home to parents to share news of the young person’s achievement. (这包括一份证书和一支笔，还有一封寄回家给家长的信，分享年轻人的成就。)”可知学生的父母会收到学校的一封表扬孩子的信。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Listed below are the ways the school celebrate success with students, parents and staff during the academic year. (以下是学校在学年期间与学生、家长和教职员工共同庆祝成功的方式。)”可知，文章介绍的是West Exe School的几个奖项，所以文章应该来自学校网站。故选A项。 B Debra Ferrell got the standard well wishes on Facebook on her 53rd birthday, but she got some unusual messages too. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (患孤独症的) and nonverbal, was extremely sad. Could Ferrell help? That message and the 30 or so others like it were exactly what Ferrell was looking for. To celebrate her 53rd, the longtime social service professional and well-known sweetie had put out a call on her Facebook page. She wanted to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month, and she needed information on people who could use one. When she got the note about the Minnesota family, she sent a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants. This is not the first time that Ferrell decided to give gifts for her birthday. For her 47th, in 2014, she founded Love with Skin On, an organization dedicated to doing good deeds near her home in Roanoke, Virginia, and beyond. Its motto is simple: Be Love, Do Stuff. Over the years, Ferrell has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found via Facebook callouts, others with help from her grandkids. In another act of giving, she shares her favorite inexpensive and creative gift ideas on Pinterest for others to use. Ferrell pays for everything herself: gift cards, pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, and care packages, as well as the gas it takes to play fairy godmother. Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning not to spend it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like ‘YESSS!’” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to. 4. What did Debra Ferrell receive on her birthday? A. Messages asking for help. B. Random acts of kindness. C. Gifts from Love with Skin On. D. Wishes on different social media. 5. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The clapper. B. The wind chime. C. The message. D. The note. 6. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. Ferrel will hold a party. B. Ferrel cares little about her family. C. Ferrel will continue helping strangers. D. Ferrel pays for everything for her family. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ferrell? A. Generous and loving. B. Selfless and independent. C. Warm-hearted and tolerant. D. Determined and demanding. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Debra Ferrell在她的53岁生日时收到别人的求助信息并给予帮助，和她长期致力于帮助他人的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Debra Ferrell got the standard well wishes on Facebook on her 53rd birthday, but she got some unusual messages too. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (患孤独症的) and nonverbal, was extremely sad.(Debra Ferrell 53岁生日那天在脸书上收到了标准的祝福，但她也收到了一些不同寻常的信息。其中一个是关于明尼苏达州的一个家庭，他们刚刚因癌症失去了四岁的儿子。他的哥哥患有自闭症，不会说话，非常悲伤)”以及第二段“That message and the 30 or so others like it were exactly what Ferrell was looking for.(这条信息和其他30多条类似的信息正是Ferrell正在找的)”可知，Ferrell在生日那天收到了请求帮助的消息。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“When she got the note about the Minnesota family, she sent a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants.(当她收到关于明尼苏达州家庭的消息时，她发送了一个风铃，上面写着“听风，知道我在附近”。现在它挂在四岁孩子的卧室里，他的哥哥可以随时去那里听)”可知，挂在孩子卧室里的是Ferrell赠送的风铃，句中it指代的是上文提及的风铃。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning not to spend it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like ‘YESSS!’” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to.(她的家人经常给她一些额外的生日现金，并严厉警告她不要把钱花在其他人身上，而她自然会忽视这一点。“今年我的生日收到了几张亚马逊礼品卡，我说‘是的！’”这是Ferrell的派对，如果她愿意，她会送的)”可知，虽然家人要求Ferrell不要把钱花在其他人身上，但是Ferrell仍然会继续帮助陌生人。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“For her 47th, in 2014,she founded Love with Skin On, an organization dedicated to doing good deeds near her home in Roanoke, Virginia, and beyond. Its motto is simple: Be Love, Do Stuff.(2014年，在她47岁的时候，她创立了“皮肤上的爱”组织，该组织致力于在她位于弗吉尼亚州罗阿诺克的家附近以及其他地方做好事。它的座右铭很简单：有爱，做事)”以及最后一段“Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning not to spend it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like ‘YESSS!’” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to.(她的家人经常给她一些额外的生日现金，并严厉警告她不要把钱花在其他人身上，而她自然会忽视这一点。“今年我的生日收到了几张亚马逊礼品卡，我说‘是的！’”这是Ferrell的派对，如果她愿意，她会送的)”可知， Debra Ferrell长期致力于帮助他人，还会买东西送给寻求帮助的陌生人，由此可知，她是既慷慨又有爱心的人。故选A。 C Rich variety exists in primates (灵长目动物). Monkeys roll on snowy Japanese mountains, gorillas chew fruit on Sumatra, lemurs jump between trees in Madagascar, and the naked apes — humans — walk proudly on two legs worldwide. Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity, thanks to a databank of genomes (基因组) from 233 species. To understand the good and bad of human evolution — both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes — scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens (智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives, the primates. But researchers investigating diverse topics, from contemporary genetic diseases to human origins, have long faced a roadblock when pursuing this approach: While genomic data exists from millions of people, most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read. So, in 2019, Tomàs Marquès-Bonet at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology, in Barcelona, Spain, and other biologists teamed up with disease researchers at the company Illumina, determined to obtain as many primate genomes as possible. Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws, the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America, Africa, and Asia. Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies, the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons, gorillas, gibbons, and more, representing nearly half the known primate species. The data revealed insights about human origins and health, as well as primate conservation, published by more than 100 scientists across 10 papers in Science and Science Advances in June 2023. One study trained artificial intelligence to search human genomes for DNA differences likely to cause disease, based on whether nonhuman primates can live with those variants. According to Marquès-Bonet, “We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species” and a “good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate” — including humans. 8. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Primates vary mainly in habitats. B. Scientists focus on the diversity of primates. C. There are 233 species of primates in the world. D. Primate genomes are important for studying the DNA differences. 9. Why did the scientists build the databank of genomes? A. To cure human’s various genetic diseases. B. To help human adapt to the environment. C. To investigate the process of human evolution. D. To understand the strength and drawback of human evolution. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The reasons for building the databank. B. The process of building the databank. C. The impacts of building the databank. D. The difficulties in building the databank. 11. What does Marquès-Bonet think of the databank? A. It still needs to be improved. B. It is of great value to future research. C. It is of little help to future research. D. It is unclear whether it’s of help to future research. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科学家们通过灵长类动物基因组数据库来研究DNA的差异。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。题目关键信息为“...learn from the first paragraph...”根据第一段“Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity, thanks to a databank of genomes (基因组) from 233 species. (科学家们现在可以研究基因组多样性之外的DNA差异，这得益于来自233个物种的基因组数据库。)”可知，灵长类动物的基因组对于研究DNA的差异非常重要。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。题目关键信息为“...build the databank of genomes...”根据第二段首句“To understand the good and bad of human evolution—both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes—scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens (智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives, the primates. (要理解人类进化的利与弊——我们非凡的适应性以及导致疾病的变异——科学家们必须将智人的基因组与我们最亲近的进化亲属，即灵长类动物的基因组进行比较。)”可知，科学家们建立基因组数据库的目的去了解人类进化的优点与不足之处。故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。题目关键信息为“...paragraph 3...”从第三段中的“Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws, the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America, Africa, and Asia. Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies, the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons, gorillas, gibbons, and more, representing nearly half the known primate species. (在穿越荒野和了解当地许可法规的过程中，国际研究人员从南美洲、非洲和亚洲的野生和笼养动物那里获得了数百份血液样本。通过对这些样本中的DNA进行排序，并将之前研究的数据加入其中，该团队构建了一个包含来自个体狒狒、大猩猩、长臂猿等的809个基因组的数据库，代表了已知近半数的灵长类物种。)”可知，这段介绍的是建立数据库的过程。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。题目关键信息为“...think of the databank...”根据最后一段Marquès-Bonet，“We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species (我们现在有了一份很好的物种基础清单)”可推断出这个研究对今后的研究具有重要的价值。故选B项。 D Generative AI must seem like a superweapon to people who aim to cause disagreement and argument online. Deep-fake videos imitate public figures. Crowds of conversational chatbots worsen conflict, and efforts to detect and relieve such campaigns remain in their early period. But can Generative AI also negotiate confict? Chris Bail, a leading expert on artificial intelligence and human behavior, and his colleagues have conducted research indicating that Large Language Models such as ChatGPT can make online conversations more productive, reduce incivility, and increase willingness to have difficult conversations across social disagreements. What’s more, they’re already seeing practical applications. Inspired by such research, Nextdoor, a community-based social-media platform that has struggled to boycott online poison, recently launched a successful, large-scale (大规模的) effort to reduce incivility. In a study recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Chris Bail and his team examined whether Large Language Models can teach people conflict-negotiation techniques on a large scale. They enlisted a large group of people with different opinions about gun control and paired them to discuss this topic with someone who does not share their view on an online chat platform the team built. After exchanging several messages on their platform, half of the research participants began to receive pop-up messages suggesting alternative phrasings for the messages they were about to send to their chat partner. These pop-ups employed GPT-3 to rephrase each post using conflict negotiation principles — without changing the opinion expressed within them. Participants had the option to send these rephrased versions of their message or ignore them. The researchers found that GPT-3 is surprisingly good at processing difficult conversations. People whose partner used the AI-generated re-phrasings described the conversations as more productive, less stressful, and expressed greater willingness to consider alternative viewpoints. 12. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A. GenAI can be used in wars. B. GenAI can stop online incivility. C. GenAI can be used to deal with conflict online. D. GenAI can make conversations more difficult. 13. What did Chris Bail’s team aim to do in a recent study? A. To build their online chat platform. B. To share ideas on their own platform. C. To collect different ideas about gun control. D. To test the function of Large Language Models. 14. How does GPT-3 help process difficult conversations? A. By ignoring rephrased messages. B. By making choices for the participants. C. By changing the opinions of participants. D By expressing the messages in a different way. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. People Share Ideas on Gun Control B. A New Study About Practical Applications C. GenAI Cause Disagreement And Argument Online D. GenAI Could Make Online Conversations More Civil 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是Generate AI (生成型人工智能) 通过改变信息的表达方式，能使人们的网上对话更文明。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Generative AI must seem like a superweapon to people who aim to cause disagreement and argument online.(对于那些想要在网上引起分歧和争论的人来说，生成人工智能肯定是一个超级武器。)”和文章第二段“Chris Bail, a leading expert on artificial intelligence and human behavior, and his colleagues have conducted research indicating that Large Language Models such as ChatGPT can make online conversations more productive, reduce incivility, and increase willingness to have difficult conversations across social disagreements.(人工智能和人类行为方面的权威专家克里斯·贝尔(Chris Bail)和他的同事进行的研究表明，像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型可以提高在线对话的效率，减少不文明行为，并增加在社会分歧中进行困难对话的意愿。)”可推知，从第一段和第二段我们可以推理出GenAI可以用来处理网上冲突。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Chris Bail and his team examined whether Large Language Models can teach people conflict-negotiation techniques on a large scale.(Chris Bail和他的团队研究了大型语言模型是否可以大规模地教会人们冲突谈判技巧。)”可知，Chris Bail和他的团队是想测试大型语言模型的功能。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“These pop-ups employed GPT-3 to rephrase each post using conflict negotiation principles — without changing the opinion expressed within them.(这些弹出窗口使用GPT-3根据冲突谈判原则来重新措辞每个帖子——而不改变其内部表达的观点。)”以及第五段“The researchers found that GPT-3 is surprisingly good at processing difficult conversations.(研究人员发现，GPT-3在处理难对话方面表现得惊人地好。)”可知，GPT3不改变帖子所表达的意见，只是改变表达的方式。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文第一段介绍网络存在分歧，争论和冲突，其余段落是围绕generate AI通过冲突沟通技术，使人们的网络对话更文明。所以D项：GenAI Could Make Online Conversations More Civil(GenAI可以让在线对话更文明)最适合作文章的标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to keep your heart young Clearly, it is important to take control of your heart health no matter your age. Regular exercise and a proper diet can help make your heart healthy and strong. ____16____ Manage stress and anxiety. Stress plays a role in 77 percent of all health concerns, including digestive trouble, an inability to lose weight, and heart disease. ____17____ Try taking a deep breath, taking a walk, or simply spacing out for a few minutes. Open the windows in your house. There are dozens of possible sources, including hair spray, candles, or smoke from a woodstove or fireplace. ____18____ But the chemical mixtures they create when mixed together can cause infection, raise blood pressure, and harden arteries (动脉). Open windows and use a fan to circulate the air and reduce indoor pollution levels. ____19____ A sound sleep is good for your heart, but as you age, your brain and neurons begin to change and your “sleep architecture” suffers. Shorter sleep duration and poorer quality of sleep seem to be associated with increased heart diseases. A few classic tips for a better night’s sleep: Avoid afternoon naps and caffeine within six hours of your bedtime. Be active and be kind. ____20____ Meanwhile, a study found that those who spent money on other people had lower blood pressure than those who spent money on themselves. Do something physically active on behalf of someone else. While you’re out removing snow, clear your neighbor’s walkway too. A. Give priority to sleep. B. Stress relief can come in many forms. C. However, we have more ways to keep slim. D. Any of these might be harmless in small amounts. E. People who always sit tend to develop some heart problems. F. But these tips from heart specialists offer surprisingly helpful additions to you. G. Try to embrace nature to enjoy and play instead of staying at home doing nothing. 【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自心脏专家的4条保持心脏年轻的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Regular exercise and a proper diet can help make your heart healthy and strong.(经常锻炼和适当饮食可以让你的心脏健康和强壮。)”可知，空处需开启下文，介绍更多关于保持心脏年轻的建议。F项中的“tips from heart specialists”与前上文和标题呼应。F项：But these tips from heart specialists offer surprisingly helpful additions to you.(但是这些来自心脏病专家的建议会给你带来意想不到的帮助。)符合语境。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Stress plays a role in 77 percent of all health concerns, including digestive trouble, an inability to lose weight, and heart disease.(压力在77%的健康问题中起着重要作用，包括消化问题、无法减肥和心脏病。)”和下文“Try taking a deep breath, taking a walk, or simply spacing out for a few minutes.(试着深呼吸，散个步，或者只是休息几分钟。)”可知，空处表明有很多缓解压力的方法。B项：Stress relief can come in many forms.(缓解压力的方式有很多。)与下文中的“尝试深呼吸、散步或简单地发呆几分钟”相呼应，提供了多种缓解压力的方式。符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“There are dozens of possible sources, including hair spray, candles, or smoke from a woodstove or fireplace.(有几十种可能的来源，包括发胶、蜡烛、木柴炉或壁炉的烟雾。)”和下文“But the chemical mixtures they create when mixed together can cause infection, raise blood pressure, and harden arteries (动脉).(但是当它们混合在一起时产生的化学混合物会引起感染、升高血压和动脉硬化。)”可知，这些物质在少量时可能不会对健康造成太大影响，但混合在一起时可能产生危害。D项：Any of these might be harmless in small amounts.(其中任何一种在少量时都可能是无害的。)符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据下文“A sound sleep is good for your heart, but as you age, your brain and neurons begin to change and your “sleep architecture” suffers.(良好的睡眠对你的心脏有好处，但随着年龄的增长，你的大脑和神经元开始发生变化，你的“睡眠结构”就会受到影响。)”可知，该段主要讨论睡眠对心脏健康的重要性。A项：Give priority to sleep.(优先考虑睡眠。)符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 此空位于段首，往往与小标题关系密切。小标题“Be active and be kind.(要活跃，要善良。)”是两方面的建议，下文“Meanwhile, a study found that those who spent money on other people had lower blood pressure than those who spent money on themselves.(同时，一项研究发现，那些把钱花在别人身上的人比那些把钱花在自己身上的人血压更低。)”内容与善良有关，故此空与活跃有关。E项：People who always sit tend to develop some heart problems.(经常坐着的人往往会出现一些心脏问题。)符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The moment the boys entered the gym and saw the climbing walls towering over them, they got excited. But Stevie was a(an) ____21____, who was standing aside looking at his thin arms silently. Stevie didn’t like climbing. It wasn’t his ____22____. Getting along with people wasn’t his thing, either. He just felt nobody liked or ____23____ him at school. Then came Mr. Taylor, the ____24____, who taught the boys some basic skills and ____25____ that everyone have a climbing partner and showed them how to protect their partner. The moment he finished, the boys couldn’t wait to ____26____ themselves with a partner except Stevie. Noticing his ____27____, Mr. Taylor raised his voice and said, “I need someone I can really trust to team up with!” Then his eyes ____28____ Stevie. “Me?” Stevie widened his eyes. “I guess.” Hearing Mr. Taylor’s words, Stevie managed a ____29____ smile. He worked up the _____30_____ and climbed up slowly. “Done it!” Stevie called from the top with excitement and later _____31_____ safe on the floor. Now it’s Stevie’s turn to control the rope. He carefully watched as Mr. Taylor climbed up to the _____32_____, and then started to let him down, his heart racing wildly and his palms sweating uncontrollably. Finally, Mr. Taylor dropped _____33_____ down to the bottom and the boys burst into wild applause. From that day on, Stevie opened his heart to the people around him. _____34_____ for what Mr. Taylor had done, Stevie knew deep down in his heart that it was his teacher’s trust that allowed him to _____35_____ his new self and others. 21. A. exception B. trouble C. example D. victim 22. A. task B. time C. thing D. job 23. A. respected B. trusted C. supported D. attracted 24. A. doctor B. teacher C. coach D. climber 25. A. ordered B. urged C. advocated D. required 26. A. match B. equip C. arrange D. combine 27. A. excitement B. embarrassment C. fear D. tension 28. A. fell on B. rested on C. watched on D. reflected on 29. A. sad B. sweet C. wide D. weak 30. A. decision B. courage C. patience D. hope 31. A. stayed B. dropped C. landed D. lay 32. A. wall B. roof C. floor D. top 33. A. carefully B. smoothly C. painfully D. excitedly 34. A. Sorrowful B. Thoughtful C. Grateful D. Fearful 35. A. embrace B. know C. meet D. greet 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Stevie是一个感到自己在学校里不受欢迎的男孩，但在攀岩活动中，通过教练Mr. Taylor的信任和鼓励，他找到了勇气，克服了内心的恐惧，最终赢得了同学们的尊重和友谊。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stevie是一个特例，站在一旁默默地看着他瘦弱的手臂。A. exception例外；B. trouble麻烦；C. example例子；D. victim受害者。根据下文“standing aside looking at his thin arms silently”可知，Stevie感到自己与众不同，故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stevie不喜欢攀岩。这不是他喜欢的事情。A. task任务；B. time时间；C. thing事情；D. job工作。根据上文“Stevie didn’t like climbing”可知，攀岩不是他喜欢的事情，故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是感觉在学校里没有人喜欢或信任他。A. respected尊敬；B. trusted信任；C. supported支持；D. attracted吸引。根据上文“nobody liked or”可知，他感觉每人喜欢他，所以感觉大家对他也缺乏信任，故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练Mr. Taylor来了，他教男孩们一些基本技能，并要求每个人都有一个攀岩伙伴，并展示了如何保护他们的伙伴。A. doctor医生；B. teacher教师；C. coach教练；D. climber攀岩者。根据下文“who taught the boys some basic skills”可知Mr. Taylor是教授技能的教练，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教练Mr. Taylor来了，他教男孩们一些基本技能，并要求每个人都有一个攀岩伙伴，并展示了如何保护他们的伙伴。A. ordered命令；B. urged催促；C. advocated提倡；D. required要求。根据下文“everyone have a climbing partner”可知是教练的要求，故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一说完，男孩们就迫不及待地想要和伙伴配对，除了Stevie。A. match匹配；B. equip装备；C. arrange安排；D. combine结合。根据下文“themselves with a partner”可知，孩子们听到教练的要求，立刻急于配对，match b. with也是固定搭配，意思是“互相搭配”，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：注意到他的尴尬，Mr. Taylor提高了声音。A. excitement兴奋；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. fear害怕；D. tension紧张。根据下文“Mr. Taylor raised his voice”可知，老师看到了Stevie感到不自在，于是帮他寻找搭档，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后他的目光落在了Stevie身上。A. fell on落在；B. rested on依靠；C. watched on观看；D. reflected on深思。根据下文““Me?” Stevie widened his eyes.”可知，Stevie不敢相信自己被老师选中了，可知老师把目光投在Stevie身上，故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到Mr. Taylor的话，Stevie勉强露出了一个微弱的笑容。A. sad悲伤的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. wide宽阔的；D. weak微弱的。根据上文““Me?” Stevie widened his eyes.”可知，Stevie不敢相信自己被选中，这时候他是很紧张的，所以笑容是勉强的，故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓起勇气，慢慢地爬上去。A. decision决定；B. courage勇气；C. patience耐心；D. hope希望。根据下文“climbed up slowly”可知，他还是慢慢地爬起来了，所以是鼓起勇气，故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：完成了！Stevie从顶部兴奋地喊道，然后安全地降落在地面上。A. stayed停留；B. dropped掉落；C. landed着陆；D. lay躺。根据下文“safe on the floor”可知是安全着陆，故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仔细地看着Mr. Taylor爬到顶部，然后开始让他下来，他的心跳得飞快，手掌不由自主地出汗。A. wall墙；B. roof屋顶；C. floor地板；D. top顶部。根据上文“Mr. Taylor climbed up”可知是爬到最高点，故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，Mr. Taylor顺利地落到了底部，男孩们爆发出热烈的掌声。A. carefully小心地；B. smoothly顺利地；C. painfully痛苦地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“the boys burst into wild applause”可知，老师顺利落下，因为孩子们爆发出了热烈的掌声，故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Mr. Taylor所做的一切，Stevie内心深处感到非常感激，他深知是他老师的信任让他能够接受自己的新自我和他人。A. Sorrowful悲伤的；B. Thoughtful深思的；C. Grateful感激的；D. Fearful害怕的。根据上下文“it was his teacher’s trust”可知Stevie看到老师相信自己，自己才能做到，所以他对老师感到感激，故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于Mr. Taylor所做的一切，Stevie内心深处感到非常感激，他深知是他老师的信任让他能够接受自己的新自我和他人。A. embrace拥抱；B. know知道；C. meet遇见；D. greet问候。根据上下文“his new self and others”可知，他接受新自我，建立了自信，和同学们的关系也更好了，故选A项。 非选择题部分 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Horse-face skirt, also known as “horse-faced pleated (有褶的) skirt”, is one of the main skirt _____36_____ (style) of ancient Chinese women. It is not only a kind of clothing, but also a treasure of Chinese culture. Originating in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the horse-face skirt _____37_____ (grow) popular during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) due to _____38_____ (it) functionality and aesthetic (美学的) style. During the Ming Dynasty, deeply pleated versions of the skirt were _____39_____ (extreme) popular. After the development of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the horse-face skirt has gradually become _____40_____ unique dress style. Today, designers skillfully combine traditional elements with modern design _____41_____ (create) an amazing fashion work, which makes the horse-face skirt shine with new vitality. Wearing a horse-face skirt, as if stepping _____42_____ the time tunnel of thousands of years, we can feel the ancient and mysterious charm. It carries the memory of history _____43_____ conveys the feelings of the nation. In the eyes of experts and fashion industry insiders, traditional Chinese clothing, _____44_____ (represent) by the horse-face skirt, is a significant symbol of Chinese civilization ______45______ has influenced western fashion for many years. Let’s enjoy the charm of horse-face skirt together, pass on the elegance of the treasure, and dazzle the world. 【答案】36. styles 37. grew 38. its 39. extremely 40. a 41. to create 42. into 43. and 44. represented 45. which##that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国传统服饰——马面裙。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：马面裙，也被称为“有褶的马面裙”，是中国古代女性的主要裙装风格之一。根据前文one of，可知此处应为复数名词。故填styles。 【37题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：起源于宋朝（960-1279年），马面裙在明朝（1368-1644年）因其功能性和美学风格而变得流行。根据后文时间状语during the Ming Dynasty，可知此处动词为一般过去形式。故填grew。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：起源于宋朝（960-1279年），马面裙在明朝（1368-1644年）因其功能性和美学风格而变得流行。设空处在名词前面，故用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词functionality and aesthetic style。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在明朝，深褶的马面裙非常受欢迎。设空处作状语，副词extremely修饰形容词popular。故填extremely。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：经过元、明、清三个朝代的发展，马面裙逐渐成为一种独特的着装风格。根据句意以及辅音音素开头的形容词unique，可知用不定冠词a，意为“一种独特的着装风格”。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，设计师巧妙地将传统元素与现代设计相结合，创造出令人惊叹的时尚作品，使马面裙焕发出新的活力。此处不定式作目的状语，意为“为了创造出令人惊叹的服装作品”。故填to create。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：穿着马面裙，仿佛步入了数千年的时光隧道，我们可以感受到古老而神秘的韵味。此处为固定搭配，step into意为“踏入，进入”。 故填into。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：它承载着历史的记忆，并传达着民族的情感。根据语境可知，carries the memory of history和conveys the feelings of the nation是并列关系，故填and。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在专家和时尚界人士的眼中，以马面裙为代表的中国传统服装，是中国文明的重要象征，多年来一直影响着西方时尚。意为“以马面裙为代表的中国传统服装”，设空处做定语修饰前面的名词traditional Chinese clothing，且represent与逻辑主语traditional Chinese clothing为被动关系，故用过去分词。故填represented。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在专家和时尚界人士的眼中，以马面裙为代表的中国传统服装，是中国文明的重要象征，多年来一直影响着西方时尚。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词Chinese civilization，且在从句中充当主语，故填that或which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报正面向学生征集“传播中国传统文化”的活动提案。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 提议并介绍1-2个活动； 2. 说明你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Knowing that a series of activities themed Spreading Traditional Chinese Culture will be held in our school, I can’t wait to propose two of my desired activities as follows. One is the Poetry Festival, which offers opportunities for students to recite their favorite poems and feel the charm of classic Chinese poetry. The other is the Calligraphy Show, where students can have access to some masterpieces and create our own. As is known, Chinese poetry and calligraphy are unique art treasure in traditional Chinese culture. Both of the activities will surely attract us students to get involved, thus inspiring our national pride deep down. Hopefully, my proposal will be taken into serious consideration. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英文报正面向学生征集“传播中国传统文化”的活动提案，请考生写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提议：propose →recommend 期望得到的：desired →expected 机会：opportunities →chances 吸引：attract →draw 2.句式拓展 简单句变倒装句 原句：Both of the activities will surely attract us students to get involved, thus inspiring our national pride deep down. 拓展句：Not only will the activities surely attract us students to get involved, but also inspire our national pride deep down. 【点睛】【高分句型1】One is the Poetry Festival, which offers opportunities for students to recite their favorite poems and feel the charm of classic Chinese poetry. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Both of the activities will surely attract us students to get involved, thus inspiring our national pride deep down. (使用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheeks burned with shame and tears welled up in her eyes as she pushed her way to the exit through the crowd of laughing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (非洲式卷发) towering over his head. But this time was the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus and landed hard in the muddy rainwater. It had been a Friday full of disasters! Angry thoughts ran inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did the rain have to come pouring down so hard just at the end of the school day? Why did she have to forget her raincoat back home? Why did her hair have to be like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why, why, Rani grew angrier as she turned the back door key. “Rani, is that you?” Papa called from the family room. “I hate my hair!” Rani cried as tears of anger and shame streamed down her cheeks. “Why, your hair’s beautiful!” “Then why does everyone make fun of it al the time? The boys teased me about my hair on the bus ride back home…” She paused and then tore at her hair and pulled out a couple of paper balls stuck in it. “Look, they even shot paper balls at my hair.” Papa went up to Rani, hugging her tightly in his arms. “Listen! Those boys are bullies. They did so only to get an emotional response from you. What you need to do is either ignore them or speak up for yourself.” Rani nodded uncertainly, remembering the hours, days and weeks she had spent trying to bring her hair under control. “Papa?” she murmured, “I don’t want to participate in the speech competition on Monday.” “Why?” Papa sounded puzzled. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Monday morning dawned bright and it was time for the competition. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 “Why?” Papa sounded puzzled. “You’ve put your heart and soul into practicing for it all these past months.” Yes, Rani wanted to say. Instead, she murmured, “But my hair…” Seeing the sad expression on his daughter’s face, Papa was quiet for several moments and finally said “It is not your hair that makes you who you are.” Papa slowed down, touching her hair softly and gently, “You’re better and smarter than all of them put together. Go and show them who you really are!” Hearing Papa’s words, Rani was filled with a surge of strength and courage. The next Monday morning dawned bright and it was time for the competition. “Sai Baba, Rani! Hahahaha!” was what Rani heard when she was approaching the stage for the speech. Different from what she used to be, Rani threw back her shoulders and held her head high as she walked past the boys, leaving the boys in awe behind. She stepped onto the stage and took her place. “Where the mind is without fear…” Rani started her speech. Her voice rang out strong and clear, her face shining and her eyes glittering. And right then, she knew she’d won. 【解析】 【导语】本文属于记叙文，本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩Rani因她标志性非洲卷发被同学嘲笑而愤怒，她的爸爸在得知原因后安慰她，告诉她她的头发很美。Rani还是不自信，不想参加下周的演讲比赛。在爸爸的进一步开导下，Rani意识到不需要受到别人评价的影响，一个人的内在美和内心强大更重要，于是，她在第二周周一的演讲比赛过程中，不再受别人的负面言语所影响，自信大方展现自己。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““为什么？”爸爸听起来很困惑。”可知，第一段可描写Rani不想参加比赛的原因，爸爸开导Rani，Rani解开心结。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二个星期一的早晨天刚亮，比赛时间到了。”可知，第二段可描写Rani参加演讲比赛，不再畏惧别人的嘲笑，实现个人成长。 2.续写线索：父亲询问原因——Rani道出担心——父亲开导——Rani解开心结——Rani参加演讲比赛——Rani得到成长 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走近：approach/step close to ②开始：start/begin ③知道：know/be aware of 情绪类 ①悲伤的：sad/sorrowful ②勇气：courage/bravery 【点睛】【高分句型1】Go and show them who you really are! (运用了who引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】“Sai Baba, Rani! Hahahaha!” was what Rani heard when she was approaching the stage for the speech.(运用了what引导的表语从句和when引导的时间状语从句) 听力答案：1-5 ABAAC 6-10 BAABC 11-15 CCBBC 16-20CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 岳阳市2024届高三教学质量监测（三） 英语试卷 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分为四部分，共12页。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号与校名填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Help wear a tie. B. Buy dad a suit. C. Talk about a match. 2. How is the man feeling now? A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Tired. 3. Where probably are the speakers? A. In the street. B. In a supermarket. C. In a bank. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A former colleague. B. A change of their jobs. C. A new company. 5. What is the total value of the toy cars? A. £50. B. £130. C. £150. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want to do? A. Clean the window. B. Take a seat. C. Buy a card. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Neighbors. C. Classmates. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. How does the man exercise this week? A. By going to the gym. B. By playing with the dog. C. By cycling to and from work. 9. What did the man do this Wednesday? A. He watched TV. B. He attended a meeting. C. He did a lot of exercise. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What is the woman’s trouble? A. She fails to pay attention in class. B. She can’t keep up with her classmates. C. She doesn’t know how to write the paper. 11. What is the man busy doing? A. Forming a group. B. Chairing meetings. C. Getting ready for a play. 12. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. Watch a race. B. Have a good rest. C. Go to a birthday party. 13. Why does the man decide to take part in the run tomorrow? A. To support the woman. B. To help the kids in Africa. C. To raise money for a party. 听第9段材料、回答第14至17题。 14. When is the conversation probably taking place? A. In June. B. In September. C. In October. 15. Why did the speakers go to the museum? A. Their teacher took them there. B. It was for their history homework. C. Their teacher advised them to go there. 16. What did the woman find most impressive? A. The calligraphy exhibition. B. The unique design of the building. C. The number of the museum’s collections. 17. How will the speakers probably go back to the hotel? A. By bicycle. B. On foot. C. By subway. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To share his teaching experience. B. To introduce an English program. C. To encourage students to learn English. 19. How old is Speak Up London? A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old. 20. What does the speaker say about the classes? A. They are given in many ways. B. They are designed for the beginners. C. They are arranged in a fixed schedule. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Rewards at West Exe School West Exe School is a fully inclusive comprehensive secondary school. Listed below are the ways the school celebrate success with students, parents and staff during the academic year. Merit Badges Merit badges are awarded in line with the student qualities. E.g., when a student reaches 200 merits in a semester for being kind, they receive their kind merit badge. The West Exe shield is awarded to students who have achieved all six merit badges. The Golden Ticket Every two weeks, all members of staff have a ‘Golden Ticket’ which they can award to any student who has displayed what the student qualities stand for. There will be a bi-weekly focus on one of the student qualities as positive reinforcement. The golden tickets awarded are then placed in a prize draw, for prizes suggested by the student body. Punctuality Award Students who are on time for every lesson across the week will be entered into a prize draw. This is to promote the importance of punctuality in school and in life. Headteacher Reward Headteacher’s Reward is given to students who have been nominated (提名) by staff members every month for demonstrating the qualities, behaviors and values of what it means to be an exceptional West Exe Student. They are also awarded to students who have shown exceptional achievement, either in school or as part of an extracurricular activity. This includes a certificate and pen, with a letter going home to parents to share news of the young person’s achievement. 1. Which of the following rewards is given most frequently? A. Merit Badges. B. The Golden Ticket. C. Punctuality Award. D. Headteacher Reward. 2. What do we know about Headteacher Reward? A. All staff members can be nominated for the award. B. Students rewarded will receive a certificate and a letter. C. Parents of the students awarded will be honored with a letter. D. Only students making outstanding achievements in school can be awarded. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A school website. B. A news report. C. A travel leaflet. D. A book review. B Debra Ferrell got the standard well wishes on Facebook on her 53rd birthday, but she got some unusual messages too. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (患孤独症的) and nonverbal, was extremely sad. Could Ferrell help? That message and the 30 or so others like it were exactly what Ferrell was looking for. To celebrate her 53rd, the longtime social service professional and well-known sweetie had put out a call on her Facebook page. She wanted to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month, and she needed information on people who could use one. When she got the note about the Minnesota family, she sent a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants. This is not the first time that Ferrell decided to give gifts for her birthday. For her 47th, in 2014, she founded Love with Skin On, an organization dedicated to doing good deeds near her home in Roanoke, Virginia, and beyond. Its motto is simple: Be Love, Do Stuff. Over the years, Ferrell has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found via Facebook callouts, others with help from her grandkids. In another act of giving, she shares her favorite inexpensive and creative gift ideas on Pinterest for others to use. Ferrell pays for everything herself: gift cards, pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, and care packages, as well as the gas it takes to play fairy godmother. Her family often gives her some extra birthday cash with a serious warning not to spend it on anyone else, which she naturally ignores. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like ‘YESSS!’” It’s Ferrell’s party, and she’ll give if she wants to. 4. What did Debra Ferrell receive on her birthday? A. Messages asking for help. B. Random acts of kindness. C Gifts from Love with Skin On. D. Wishes on different social media. 5. What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. The clapper. B. The wind chime. C. The message. D. The note. 6. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. Ferrel will hold a party. B. Ferrel cares little about her family. C. Ferrel will continue helping strangers. D. Ferrel pays for everything for her family. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Ferrell? A. Generous and loving. B. Selfless and independent. C. Warm-hearted and tolerant. D. Determined and demanding. C Rich variety exists in primates (灵长目动物). Monkeys roll on snowy Japanese mountains, gorillas chew fruit on Sumatra, lemurs jump between trees in Madagascar, and the naked apes — humans — walk proudly on two legs worldwide. Scientists can now study the DNA differences beyond that diversity, thanks to a databank of genomes (基因组) from 233 species. To understand the good and bad of human evolution — both our extraordinary adaptations and disease-causing changes — scientists must compare the genomes of Homo sapiens (智人) to our closest evolutionary relatives, the primates. But researchers investigating diverse topics, from contemporary genetic diseases to human origins, have long faced a roadblock when pursuing this approach: While genomic data exists from millions of people, most of the 500-plus primate species never had their genomes read. So, in 2019, Tomàs Marquès-Bonet at the Institute of Evolutionary Biology, in Barcelona, Spain, and other biologists teamed up with disease researchers at the company Illumina, determined to obtain as many primate genomes as possible. Navigating wilderness and local permitting laws, the international researchers obtained hundreds of blood samples from wild and caged animals in South America, Africa, and Asia. Arranging DNA from these samples and adding data from previous studies, the team built a bank of 809 genomes from individual baboons, gorillas, gibbons, and more, representing nearly half the known primate species. The data revealed insights about human origins and health, as well as primate conservation, published by more than 100 scientists across 10 papers in Science and Science Advances in June 2023. One study trained artificial intelligence to search human genomes for DNA differences likely to cause disease, based on whether nonhuman primates can live with those variants. According to Marquès-Bonet, “We now have a really good list of the foundations of our species” and a “good idea of the kind of variations that are tolerated in any primate” — including humans. 8. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Primates vary mainly in habitats. B. Scientists focus on the diversity of primates. C. There are 233 species of primates in the world. D. Primate genomes are important for studying the DNA differences. 9. Why did the scientists build the databank of genomes? A. To cure human’s various genetic diseases. B. To help human adapt to the environment. C. To investigate the process of human evolution. D. To understand the strength and drawback of human evolution. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The reasons for building the databank. B. The process of building the databank. C. The impacts of building the databank. D. The difficulties in building the databank. 11. What does Marquès-Bonet think of the databank? A. It still needs to be improved. B. It is of great value to future research. C. It is of little help to future research. D. It is unclear whether it’s of help to future research. D Generative AI must seem like a superweapon to people who aim to cause disagreement and argument online. Deep-fake videos imitate public figures. Crowds of conversational chatbots worsen conflict, and efforts to detect and relieve such campaigns remain in their early period. But can Generative AI also negotiate confict? Chris Bail, a leading expert on artificial intelligence and human behavior, and his colleagues have conducted research indicating that Large Language Models such as ChatGPT can make online conversations more productive, reduce incivility, and increase willingness to have difficult conversations across social disagreements. What’s more, they’re already seeing practical applications. Inspired by such research, Nextdoor, a community-based social-media platform that has struggled to boycott online poison, recently launched a successful, large-scale (大规模的) effort to reduce incivility. In a study recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Chris Bail and his team examined whether Large Language Models can teach people conflict-negotiation techniques on a large scale. They enlisted a large group of people with different opinions about gun control and paired them to discuss this topic with someone who does not share their view on an online chat platform the team built. After exchanging several messages on their platform, half of the research participants began to receive pop-up messages suggesting alternative phrasings for the messages they were about to send to their chat partner. These pop-ups employed GPT-3 to rephrase each post using conflict negotiation principles — without changing the opinion expressed within them. Participants had the option to send these rephrased versions of their message or ignore them. The researchers found that GPT-3 is surprisingly good at processing difficult conversations. People whose partner used the AI-generated re-phrasings described the conversations as more productive less stressful, and expressed greater willingness to consider alternative viewpoints. 12. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A. GenAI can be used in wars. B. GenAI can stop online incivility. C. GenAI can be used to deal with conflict online. D. GenAI can make conversations more difficult. 13. What did Chris Bail’s team aim to do in a recent study? A. To build their online chat platform. B. To share ideas on their own platform. C. To collect different ideas about gun control. D To test the function of Large Language Models. 14. How does GPT-3 help process difficult conversations? A. By ignoring rephrased messages. B. By making choices for the participants. C. By changing the opinions of participants. D By expressing the messages in a different way. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. People Share Ideas on Gun Control B. A New Study About Practical Applications C. GenAI Cause Disagreement And Argument Online D. GenAI Could Make Online Conversations More Civil 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to keep your heart young Clearly, it is important to take control of your heart health no matter your age. Regular exercise and a proper diet can help make your heart healthy and strong. ____16____ Manage stress and anxiety. Stress plays a role in 77 percent of all health concerns, including digestive trouble, an inability to lose weight, and heart disease. ____17____ Try taking a deep breath, taking a walk, or simply spacing out for a few minutes. Open the windows in your house. There are dozens of possible sources, including hair spray, candles, or smoke from a woodstove or fireplace. ____18____ But the chemical mixtures they create when mixed together can cause infection, raise blood pressure, and harden arteries (动脉). Open windows and use a fan to circulate the air and reduce indoor pollution levels. ____19____ A sound sleep is good for your heart, but as you age, your brain and neurons begin to change and your “sleep architecture” suffers. Shorter sleep duration and poorer quality of sleep seem to be associated with increased heart diseases. A few classic tips for a better night’s sleep: Avoid afternoon naps and caffeine within six hours of your bedtime. Be active and be kind. ____20____ Meanwhile, a study found that those who spent money on other people had lower blood pressure than those who spent money on themselves. Do something physically active on behalf of someone else. While you’re out removing snow, clear your neighbor’s walkway too. A. Give priority to sleep. B. Stress relief can come in many forms. C. However, we have more ways to keep slim. D. Any of these might be harmless in small amounts. E. People who always sit tend to develop some heart problems. F. But these tips from heart specialists offer surprisingly helpful additions to you. G. Try to embrace nature to enjoy and play instead of staying at home doing nothing. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The moment the boys entered the gym and saw the climbing walls towering over them, they got excited. But Stevie was a(an) ____21____, who was standing aside looking at his thin arms silently. Stevie didn’t like climbing. It wasn’t his ____22____. Getting along with people wasn’t his thing, either. He just felt nobody liked or ____23____ him at school. Then came Mr. Taylor, the ____24____, who taught the boys some basic skills and ____25____ that everyone have a climbing partner and showed them how to protect their partner. The moment he finished, the boys couldn’t wait to ____26____ themselves with a partner except Stevie. Noticing his ____27____, Mr. Taylor raised his voice and said, “I need someone I can really trust to team up with!” Then his eyes ____28____ Stevie. “Me?” Stevie widened his eyes. “I guess.” Hearing Mr. Taylor’s words, Stevie managed a ____29____ smile. He worked up the _____30_____ and climbed up slowly. “Done it!” Stevie called from the top with excitement and later _____31_____ safe on the floor. Now it’s Stevie’s turn to control the rope. He carefully watched as Mr. Taylor climbed up to the _____32_____, and then started to let him down, his heart racing wildly and his palms sweating uncontrollably. Finally, Mr. Taylor dropped _____33_____ down to the bottom and the boys burst into wild applause. From that day on, Stevie opened his heart to the people around him. _____34_____ for what Mr. Taylor had done, Stevie knew deep down in his heart that it was his teacher’s trust that allowed him to _____35_____ his new self and others. 21. A. exception B. trouble C. example D. victim 22. A. task B. time C. thing D. job 23. A. respected B. trusted C. supported D. attracted 24. A. doctor B. teacher C. coach D. climber 25. A. ordered B. urged C. advocated D. required 26. A. match B. equip C. arrange D. combine 27. A. excitement B. embarrassment C. fear D. tension 28. A. fell on B. rested on C. watched on D. reflected on 29. A. sad B. sweet C. wide D. weak 30. A. decision B. courage C. patience D. hope 31. A. stayed B. dropped C. landed D. lay 32. A. wall B. roof C. floor D. top 33. A. carefully B. smoothly C. painfully D. excitedly 34. A. Sorrowful B. Thoughtful C. Grateful D. Fearful 35. A. embrace B. know C. meet D. greet 非选择题部分 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Horse-face skirt, also known as “horse-faced pleated (有褶的) skirt”, is one of the main skirt _____36_____ (style) of ancient Chinese women. It is not only a kind of clothing, but also a treasure of Chinese culture. Originating in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the horse-face skirt _____37_____ (grow) popular during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) due to _____38_____ (it) functionality and aesthetic (美学的) style. During the Ming Dynasty, deeply pleated versions of the skirt were _____39_____ (extreme) popular. After the development of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the horse-face skirt has gradually become _____40_____ unique dress style. Today, designers skillfully combine traditional elements with modern design _____41_____ (create) an amazing fashion work, which makes the horse-face skirt shine with new vitality. Wearing a horse-face skirt, as if stepping _____42_____ the time tunnel of thousands of years, we can feel the ancient and mysterious charm. It carries the memory of history _____43_____ conveys the feelings of the nation. In the eyes of experts and fashion industry insiders, traditional Chinese clothing, _____44_____ (represent) by the horse-face skirt, is a significant symbol of Chinese civilization ______45______ has influenced western fashion for many years. Let’s enjoy the charm of horse-face skirt together, pass on the elegance of the treasure, and dazzle the world. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你校英文报正面向学生征集“传播中国传统文化”的活动提案。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 提议并介绍1-2个活动； 2. 说明你的理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheeks burned with shame and tears welled up in her eyes as she pushed her way to the exit through the crowd of laughing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (非洲式卷发) towering over his head. But this time was the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus and landed hard in the muddy rainwater. It had been a Friday full of disasters! Angry thoughts ran inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did the rain have to come pouring down so hard just at the end of the school day? Why did she have to forget her raincoat back home? Why did her hair have to be like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why, why, Rani grew angrier as she turned the back door key. “Rani, is that you?” Papa called from the family room. “I hate my hair!” Rani cried as tears of anger and shame streamed down her cheeks. “Why, your hair’s beautiful!” “Then why does everyone make fun of it al the time? The boys teased me about my hair on the bus ride back home…” She paused and then tore at her hair and pulled out a couple of paper balls stuck in it. “Look, they even shot paper balls at my hair.” Papa went up to Rani, hugging her tightly in his arms. “Listen! Those boys are bullies. They did so only to get an emotional response from you. What you need to do is either ignore them or speak up for yourself.” Rani nodded uncertainly, remembering the hours, days and weeks she had spent trying to bring her hair under control. “Papa?” she murmured, “I don’t want to participate in the speech competition on Monday.” “Why?” Papa sounded puzzled. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Monday morning dawned bright and it was time for the competition ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1-5 ABAAC 6-10 BAABC 11-15 CCBBC 16-20CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$