专题26 语法填空（2024全国甲卷） (词汇变式+三年真题+满分策略+多维变式) -2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升

《2024年英语高考真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题26 语法填空（2024全国甲卷）原卷版 (答案解析+官方评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+多维变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P2 二、答案解析 P2 三、官方评价 P2 四、词汇变式 P3 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P3 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P3 (三)高频短语厚积薄发 P3 (四)真题语料单句填空 P3 (五)长难句分析 P4 五、三年真题 P4 (一)2023年全国甲卷语法填空 P4 (二)2023年全国乙卷语法填空 P5 (三)2022年全国甲卷语法填空 P5 (四)2022年全国乙卷语法填空 P6 (五)2021年全国甲卷语法填空 P6 (六)2021年全国乙卷语法填空 P7 六、满分策略（14个考点30个高考考例） P7 七、话题变式（国家公园+生态旅游9篇） P11 ( 一 原题呈现 ) 语法填空关键词：应用文;人与自然;黄石国家公园;世界自然遗产名录;生态旅游;环保旅游;乡村旅游 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69 (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. ( 二答案解析 ) ( 三 官方 评价 ) 凸显文明互鉴，培养中国情怀和国际视野 高考英语命题注重通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空题选取的语篇介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室，体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响，宣传了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空题选取的语篇报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻，介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处，展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。全国甲卷介绍美国黄石国家公园诞生背景，意在指引我们通过建立国家公园保护生物多样性，提升生态保护能力。 【中国考试•教育部教育考试院】 【全文翻译】 尽管存在任何级别各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其庞大的规模和多样性，往往会引起我们的注意。它们是美国传统的瑰宝。国家公园系统是如何形成的？1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、星光灿烂的夜晚，四名男子在怀俄明州西北部火洞河沿岸的篝火前放松。他们是一个由15名成员组成的探险队的一员，该探险队花了近五个星期的时间见证了那里的自然美景。 这么美丽的地方该怎么办？他们大声地想知道。这个地区有着独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须得到很好的保护，让全国人民都能享受到它——作为一个国家公园。他们都同意并发誓在旅程结束时推广这个想法。他们的宣传工作得到了回报。两年后，也就是怀俄明州成为一个州的18年前，黄石公园成为美国和世界上第一个国家公园。黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园荣誉。 ( 四词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1.nation n 国家；民族 →adj. 国家的 2.vary vi 波动 →n. 多样；种类 3.star n.星星 →adj. 星光灿烂的 4.bautiful adj. 美丽的 →n 美；美人 5.complete vt. 完成 →n. 完成 6.promotion n. 晋升；促销 →adj. 促销的；推销的 7.south n. adj. 南方 →adj. 南方的 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. heritage n. 2. awesome adj. 3. breathtaking adj. 4. preserve vt. 5. vowed vt 6. acre n. 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. in particular 2. tend to do 3. catch one’s attention 4. because of 5. come about 6. do with 7. pay off 8. two years later 四、真题语料单句填空 1. Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend __________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 2. They are __________ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come __________? 3. On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in __________is now northwestern Wyoming. 4. They __________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 5. What should __________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 6. This area, with __________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __________ all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 7. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the __________ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. 8. Two years __________, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. 9. Yellowstone was the __________ (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - __________ Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, __________ a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 五、长难句分析 1. They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【翻译】他们是一个由15名成员组成的探险队的一员，该探险队花了近五个星期的时间见证了那里的自然美景。 【分析】这是一个含有that引导的定语从句的复合句。 2. Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【翻译】黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园荣誉。 【分析】这是一个复合句，until…引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Wrangell-Saint Elias。 ( 五、三年真题 ) 【2023年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 65 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty 69 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【2023年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered. The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【2022年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, 70 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 【2022年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large) tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 70 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 【2021年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines. 【2021年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. ( 六满分策略 ) 语法填空考点剖析与满分策略 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1．（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 例2．(2022•新高考II卷) Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 例3． (2020•全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4．（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例5．（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6.（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 例7．（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8．（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 例9．（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 例10．（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11．（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 例12．（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 例13．（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14．（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 例15．（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16．（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 例17．（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18．（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 例19．（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20．（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 例21．（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22．（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23．（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 例24．（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 例25.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26．（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 例27．（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28．（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 例29．（2021全国I卷）_________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30．（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. ( 七话题变式-名校好题再练 ) 01（23-24高三上·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’ s reported that China on Tuesday 1 (official) announced the first group of national parks—the Three-River-Source National Park, the Giant Panda National Park, the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, and the Wuyishan National Park. The national parks refer to special areas put under protection with 2 aim of conserving the ecosystem and natural resources. The 3 (announce) is a practical move related to the drive to continuously promote the building of an ecological civilization. Home to various key wildlife species in China, the Wuyishan National Park appeals 4 tourists both at home and abroad. It features rich diversity due to 5 (it) unique natural environment. Taking a bamboo raft tour is people’s favourite. With trees, 6 (bush) and colourful flowers covering every corner of the park, it’ s a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, 7 (make) it the green lungs of Fujian. There are many hiking routes for you to take. What’ s more, there are several viewing platforms 8 you can stop to admire the breathtaking beauty of mountains, waterfalls, and lakes around. Words fail 9 (describe) its impressive beauty. Therefore, you 10 (recommend) to pay a visit by yourself. 02（2021·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 11 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 12 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 13 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 14 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 15 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 16 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 17 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 18 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 19 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 20 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 03（2024·湖北襄阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare, threatened, and endangered species. Having recognized their extraordinary value and 21 (preserve) their ecological wealth, the UNESCO classified some of these sites 22 World Heritage sites. Unfortunately, the ecological integrity of many significant landscapes is under the influence of human activity. Let’s take the example of Ethionia’s Simien Mountains National Park. In 1996 when it entered the list of World Heritage In Danger, 23 increasing number of human settlements around the park over the years, 24 (couple) with unsustainable farming practies and overgrazing (过度放牧), had worsened the conditions of all-important wildlife habitats. Marked by the significant population decline of some species, the future of this park 25 (hang) in the balance. However, in 2017, the park made history with its 26 (remove) from the list. a significant and remarkable achievement of the Government of Ethiopia. By then various efforts 27 (devote) to achieving this. In 2003, the Government reestablished the limits of the park, adding the Mekeserya and Limalimo Wildlife Reserves. 28 (effect) community-driven conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further ecological loss. The authorities have developed a grazing strategy 29 aim is to greatly reduce the grazing pressure on the park. Plus, alternative livelihoods through tourism assisted communities 30 (great) in developing conservation-friendly economies in the landscape. 04（2024·河南平顶山·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan will be released soon. The plan is being drafted 31 (meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, which 32 (launch) by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the 33 (country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national 34 (protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering 35 total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks 36 (make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established 37 an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, 38 was the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. He also said at the news conference on Monday China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87.6 million hectares, 39 (rank) No.1 in the world. “China is also one of the 12 countries with the 40 (rich) biodiversity in the world,” he added. 05（23-24高三下·四川雅安·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province    41 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 42 (release) report on the park’s development. The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 43 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 44 (respective), according to the report. 45 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia”. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 46 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters. According to Losang Tsering, 47 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 48 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows. The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 49 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves 50 an alpine biological germplasm bank, making it a crucial ecological security barrier in China. 06（2022·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 51 (cover)an area about three times 52 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 53 (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 54 (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 55 (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 56 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 57 (population)and homes of giant pandas, and 58 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 59 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 60 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 07（23-24高二下·四川成都·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 61 (cover) an area about three times 62 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 63 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 64 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 65 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 66 leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and 67 (home) of giant pandas, and 68 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 69 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 70 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 08（23-24高三上·吉林白城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Giant Panda National Park, 71 officially came into being in 2021, is a hugely ambitious project. 72 (cover) an area of 27, 000 square kilometers of countryside in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces, the park is a massive drive 73 (protect) China’s pandas. In Wannian Village, however, the news 74 (greet) with some anxiety. Thousands of people were already living in the area when the park was announced. And many of them were making a living through 75 (activity) that were illegal under the new policy. For decades, mining and hydropower (水电) were the main industries in Wannian. The projects were 76 (profit) and created a lot of jobs. But the mines were ruinous to the local environment. There only appeared to be one way out: turning the village 77 a tourist hotspot. Wannian has several natural advantages: it’s only 200 kilometers from Chengdu. The village also sits right on the southern tip of the park, making it 78 great jumping-off point for visitors. Plus, the nearby panda training center is famous all over China. Local officials 79 (immediate) set about rebranding (重塑形象) Wannian as a “panda village”. The place was given a complete makeover. Cute panda sculptures were placed along the winding path leading from the highway. The newly 80 (build) hotels have attracted visitors nationwide. 09（23-24高三上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine that you’re sleeping in the wild in a tent and are awakened by the sound of wolves howling(狼嚎叫). That’s 81 happened to me last summer when my family and I spent the night at the Wolf Conservation Center (WCC) in South Salem, New York. The howling didn’t frighten me. Wolves howl to communicate 82 each other. The WCC educates people about wolves, 83 (they) relationship to the environment, and how to ensure that they survive. Guests 84 (invite) to visit the wolves year­round. The center is home to twenty­five wolves and two 85 (serious) endangered species—the red wolf and the Mexican gray wolf. At one point, both species 86 (be) extinct in the wild. With help from the WCC, the wolves are making a comeback. “Wolves help to keep all other animals in balance(平衡) and keep the environment really 87 (health) ,” said Mary Kate Kabbes, an educator at the WCC. When wolves became extinct in Yellowstone National Park, the elk(麋鹿) population increased to five times its normal(正常的) size and destroyed areas where birds lived. As 88 result, several bird species were forced to leave the park. Now that wolves are back at Yellowstone, the birds have returned. “Learning about wolves, reading books about them, and telling your family and friends is a simple way 89 (help) spread the word about the 90 (important) of wolves.” Kabbes said. $$《2024年英语高考真题深度解析与考后提升》 专题26 语法填空（2024全国甲卷）解析版 (答案解析+官方评价+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+多维变式) 目录 一、原题呈现 P2 二、答案解析 P2 三、官方评价 P3 四、词汇变式 P4 (一)考纲词汇词形转换 P4 (二)考纲词汇识词知意 P4 (三)高频短语厚积薄发 P4 (四)真题语料单句填空 P4 (五)长难句分析 P5 五、三年真题 P5 (一)2023年全国甲卷语法填空 P5 (二)2023年全国乙卷语法填空 P6 (三)2022年全国甲卷语法填空 P8 (四)2022年全国乙卷语法填空 P9 (五)2021年全国甲卷语法填空 P10 (六)2021年全国乙卷语法填空 P11 六、满分策略（14个考点30个高考考例） P13 七、话题变式（国家公园+生态旅游9篇） P19 ( 一 原题呈现 ) 语法填空关键词：应用文;人与自然;黄石国家公园;世界自然遗产名录;生态旅游;环保旅游;乡村旅游 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69 (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. ( 二答案解析 ) 【答案】61. to catch 62. treasures 63. what 64. were 65. be done 66. its 67. for 68. completion 69. largest 70. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。 61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 62.考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 63.考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 64.考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 65.考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 66.考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 67.考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。故填for。 68.考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 69.考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 70.考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 ( 三 官方 评价 ) 凸显文明互鉴，培养中国情怀和国际视野 高考英语命题注重通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。新课标Ⅰ卷语法填空题选取的语篇介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室，体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响，宣传了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。新课标Ⅱ卷语法填空题选取的语篇报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻，介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处，展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。全国甲卷介绍美国黄石国家公园诞生背景，意在指引我们通过建立国家公园保护生物多样性，提升生态保护能力。 【中国考试•教育部教育考试院】 【全文翻译】 尽管存在任何级别各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其庞大的规模和多样性，往往会引起我们的注意。它们是美国传统的瑰宝。国家公园系统是如何形成的？1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、星光灿烂的夜晚，四名男子在怀俄明州西北部火洞河沿岸的篝火前放松。他们是一个由15名成员组成的探险队的一员，该探险队花了近五个星期的时间见证了那里的自然美景。 这么美丽的地方该怎么办？他们大声地想知道。这个地区有着独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须得到很好的保护，让全国人民都能享受到它——作为一个国家公园。他们都同意并发誓在旅程结束时推广这个想法。他们的宣传工作得到了回报。两年后，也就是怀俄明州成为一个州的18年前，黄石公园成为美国和世界上第一个国家公园。黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园荣誉。 ( 四词汇变式 ) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 一、考纲词汇词形转换 1.nation n 国家；民族→adj. national 国家的 2.vary vi 波动→n. variety多样；种类 3.star n.星星→adj. starry星光灿烂的 4.bautiful adj. 美丽的→n beauty 美；美人 5.complete vt. 完成 →n. completion 完成 6.promotion n. 晋升；促销→adj. promotional 促销的；推销的 7.south n. adj. 南方→adj. southern南方的 二、考纲词汇识词知意 1. heritage n.遗产 2. awesome adj.令人惊叹的 3. breathtaking adj.惊险的；激动人心的 4. preserve vt.保护；保存 5. vowed vt承诺 6. acre n. 英亩 三、高频短语厚积薄发 1. in particular 特别是 2. tend to do 往会做某事 3. catch one’s attention 引起某人注意 4. because of 因为 5. come about 发生；产生 6. do with 对付；处理 7. pay off 努力得到回报；偿还（债务） 8. two years later 两年后 四、真题语料单句填空 1. Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend __________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 2. They are __________ (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come __________? 3. On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in __________is now northwestern Wyoming. 4. They __________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 5. What should __________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 6. This area, with __________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __________ all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 7. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the __________ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. 8. Two years __________, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. 9. Yellowstone was the __________ (large) United States national park - 2.2 million acres - __________ Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, __________ a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【参考答案】 1.to catch 2.measures, about 3.what 4. were 5.be done 6.its, for 7.completion 8. later 9.largest, until, became 五、长难句分析 1. They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【翻译】他们是一个由15名成员组成的探险队的一员，该探险队花了近五个星期的时间见证了那里的自然美景。 【分析】这是一个含有that引导的定语从句的复合句。 2. Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【翻译】黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑，并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园荣誉。 【分析】这是一个复合句，until…引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Wrangell-Saint Elias。 ( 五、三年真题 ) 【2023年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 65 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone. 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty 69 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】61. to teach 62. sixth 63. as 64. where 65. borrowing 66. intended 67. Different 68. for 69. warning 70. be employed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 61.考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 62.考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 63.考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 64.考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 65.考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 66.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 67.考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 68.考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 69.考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 70.考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 【2023年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered. The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】61. to 62. built 63. which##that 64. wonders 65. but 66. Having visited 67. was amazed 68. recording 69. remarkable 70. means 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 61.考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 62.考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 63.考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 64.考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 65.考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 66.考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 67.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 68.考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 69.考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 70.考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 【2022年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, 70 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 45. protection 66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70. planning 【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 61. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 62. who。考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 63. held。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 64. A。考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 65. protection。考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 66. meaningful。考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 67. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 68. highest。考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 69. from。考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 70. planning。考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。 【2022年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large) tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 70 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 61. by 62 the 63. addressed 66. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 50. its 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 61. by。考查介词。句意：2019年11月47日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 62. the。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 65. addressed。考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。 64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 65. responsibility。考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 67. and。考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。 68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。 70. its。考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 【2021年全国甲卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines. 61. was built 62. in 63. to walk 64. spending 65. better 66. hired 67. but 68. the 69. watchtowers 70. daily 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。 61. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 62. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。 63. 句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 64. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。 65. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 66. 句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 67. 句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 68. 句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 69. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 70. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 【2021年全国乙卷】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have 这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。 61.句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。 62. 句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 63. 句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。 64.句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。 65.句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。 66. 句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。 67. 句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。 68. 句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 69. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。 70. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 ( 六满分策略 ) 语法填空考点剖析与满分策略 考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词 若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。 例1．（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案：was amazed。 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 例2．(2022•新高考II卷) Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 答案:was fixing。 解析：句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 例3． (2020•全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 答案:be chosen。 解析：首先情态动词后接动词原形，结合语境应用被动形式。故答案是be chosen。 考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。 例4．（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案: to bite。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 例5．（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：borrowing。 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词 当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。 例6.（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 答案：arrival。 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 例7．（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 答案：excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换 所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。 例8．（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists. 答案：interviews。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 例9．（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. 答案：son’s 解析：考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 例10．（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 答案：spacious。 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词 所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。 例11．（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 答案：their。 解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 例12．（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 　 　（I）. 答案：mine 解析：句意为：对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine. 例13．（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 答案：themselves 解析：考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。 考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级 当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。 例14．（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. 答案：simpler。 解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 例15．（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain. 答案:highest。 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词 当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。 例16．（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 答案：rarely。 解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 例17．（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 答案：Basically。 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词 若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 例18．（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 答案：a。 解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 例19．（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 答案：the。 解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。 例20．（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 答案：by。 解析：考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 例21．（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment. 答案：for。 解析：考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。 例22．（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out. 答案：it 解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。 考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词 当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。 例23．（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案：or。 解析：考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 例24．（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. 答案：and。 解析：考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 例25.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 答案：but。 解析：考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词 设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。 例26．（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 答案：as。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 例27．（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：where。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词 设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。 例28．（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 例29．（2021全国I卷）_________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 答案：what 解析：考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。 考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词 设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。 例30．（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 答案：as/ when 解析：考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。 ( 七话题变式-名校好题再练 ) 01（23-24高三上·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’ s reported that China on Tuesday 1 (official) announced the first group of national parks—the Three-River-Source National Park, the Giant Panda National Park, the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, and the Wuyishan National Park. The national parks refer to special areas put under protection with 2 aim of conserving the ecosystem and natural resources. The 3 (announce) is a practical move related to the drive to continuously promote the building of an ecological civilization. Home to various key wildlife species in China, the Wuyishan National Park appeals 4 tourists both at home and abroad. It features rich diversity due to 5 (it) unique natural environment. Taking a bamboo raft tour is people’s favourite. With trees, 6 (bush) and colourful flowers covering every corner of the park, it’ s a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, 7 (make) it the green lungs of Fujian. There are many hiking routes for you to take. What’ s more, there are several viewing platforms 8 you can stop to admire the breathtaking beauty of mountains, waterfalls, and lakes around. Words fail 9 (describe) its impressive beauty. Therefore, you 10 (recommend) to pay a visit by yourself. 【答案】 1．officially 2．the 3．announcement 4．to 5．its 6．bushes 7．making 8．where 9．to describe 10．are recommended 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了第一批国家公园，重点介绍了武夷山国家公园。 1．考查副词。句意：据报道，中国周二正式宣布了第一批国家公园——三江源国家公园、大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、海南热带雨林国家公园和武夷山国家公园。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词announced，作状语。故填officially。 2．考查冠词。句意：国家公园是指为保护生态系统和自然资源而设立的特殊保护区域。分析句子可知，of conserving the ecosystem and natural resources表示具体的目标，aim前面缺少定冠词。故填the。 3．考查名词。句意：该公告是一项与持续推进生态文明建设有关的实际举措。分析句子可知，空处缺少名词作主语，announce公告，对应的名词为announcement。故填announcement。 4．考查介词。句意：武夷山国家公园是中国多种重要野生动物的家园，吸引着国内外游客。appeal to吸引，为固定短语。故填to。 5．考查代词。句意：由于其独特的自然环境，它具有丰富的多样性。分析句子可知，空处缺少形容词性物主代词its（它的）修饰unique natural environment。故填its。 6．考查名词。句意：公园的每一个角落都覆盖着树木、灌木和五颜六色的花朵，这是一个提供清洁水和生产氧气的自然系统，使其成为福建的绿肺。空处与trees和flowers并列，用名词复数。故填bushes。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：公园的每一个角落都覆盖着树木、灌木和五颜六色的花朵，这是一个提供清洁水和生产氧气的自然系统，使其成为福建的绿肺。根据句意可知，空后为空前的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。 8．考查定语从句。句意：更重要的是，这里有几个观景台，你可以停下来欣赏周围的山脉、瀑布和湖泊的惊人之美。分析句子可知，空处用关系词引导定语从句，先行词platforms作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：语言无法描述它令人印象深刻的美。fail to do sth.表示：未能做某事，空处缺少不定式作宾语。故填to describe。 10.考查动词时态语态。句意：因此，建议您自行参观。根据语境可知，此处为建议，为一般现在时，主语you和recommend为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are recommended。 02（2021·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 11 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 12 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 13 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 14 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 15 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 16 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of 17 (visit) the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 18 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 19 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 20 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 【答案】 11.educated 12.development 13.its 14.until 15.the 16.of 17.visiting 18.financial 19.Activities 20.to have 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。 11.考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。 12.考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development，表示“发展”，作动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 13.考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意，此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，符合句意。故填its。 14.考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，应用短语not…until…，表示“直到……才……”，符合句意。故填until。 15.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。 16.考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”，所以空处应填介词of。故填of。 17.考查非谓语动词。句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。 18.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid，应用形容词形式作定语，financial是形容词，表示“财政的”，符合句意。故填financial。 19.考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。分析句子结构，空处应用名词作句子主语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。 20.考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do为固定短语，表示“旨在，目的是”，符合句意，所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。 03（2024·湖北襄阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare, threatened, and endangered species. Having recognized their extraordinary value and 21 (preserve) their ecological wealth, the UNESCO classified some of these sites 22 World Heritage sites. Unfortunately, the ecological integrity of many significant landscapes is under the influence of human activity. Let’s take the example of Ethionia’s Simien Mountains National Park. In 1996 when it entered the list of World Heritage In Danger, 23 increasing number of human settlements around the park over the years, 24 (couple) with unsustainable farming practies and overgrazing (过度放牧), had worsened the conditions of all-important wildlife habitats. Marked by the significant population decline of some species, the future of this park 25 (hang) in the balance. However, in 2017, the park made history with its 26 (remove) from the list. a significant and remarkable achievement of the Government of Ethiopia. By then various efforts 27 (devote) to achieving this. In 2003, the Government reestablished the limits of the park, adding the Mekeserya and Limalimo Wildlife Reserves. 28 (effect) community-driven conservation strategies are instrumental in preventing further ecological loss. The authorities have developed a grazing strategy 29 aim is to greatly reduce the grazing pressure on the park. Plus, alternative livelihoods through tourism assisted communities 30 (great) in developing conservation-friendly economies in the landscape. 【答案】 21.to preserve 22.as 23.an 24.coupled 25.hung/was hanging 26.removal 27.had been devoted 28.Effective 29.whose 30.greatly 【导语】本文是说明文，主要讲的是埃塞俄比亚的塞米恩国家公园曾面临威胁，在政府和民众的共同努力下，该公园得到了很好的保护，最终被移出《濒危世界遗产名录》。 21.考查不定式。句意：联合国教科文组织认识到它们的非凡价值，并为保护它们的生态财富，将其中一些遗址列为世界遗产。根据语境可知，句子表示“联合国教科文组织认识到它们的非凡价值，并为保护它们的生态财富，将其中一些遗址列为世界遗产”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to preserve。 22.考查介词。句意：联合国教科文组织认识到它们的非凡价值，并为保护它们的生态财富，将其中一些遗址列为世界遗产。联合国教科文组织将其中一些遗址列为世界遗产，“将……列为”是classify...as...，因此空格处是介词as，故填as。 23.考查冠词。句意：1996年，当它被列入世界濒危遗产名录时，多年来公园周围越来越多的人类定居点，加上不可持续的农业实践和过度放牧，使所有重要的野生动物栖息地的条件恶化。根据语境可知，此处表示“越来越多的人类定居点”，an increasing number of意为“越来越多的”，因此空格处是不定冠词an，故填an。 24.考查非谓语动词。句意：1996年，当它被列入世界濒危遗产名录时，多年来公园周围越来越多的人类定居点，加上不可持续的农业实践和过度放牧，使所有重要的野生动物栖息地的条件恶化。句中谓语是had worsened，空格处用非谓语动词，“increasing number of human settlements around the park over the years”和couple之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填coupled。 25.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：以某些物种的数量显著减少为标志，这个公园的未来岌岌可危。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，hang意为“悬浮”，过去式是hung；句子也可理解为“这个公园的未来当时正岌岌可危”，句子描述过去正在进行的动作，时态用过去进行时，主语future是不可数名词，因此空格处用was hanging。故填hung/was hanging。 26.考查名词。句意：然而，在2017年，该公园从名单上删除，创造了历史，这是埃塞俄比亚政府取得的一项重大而非凡的成就。its后跟名词，remove的名词是removal，意为“移走，去掉”，是不可数名词，故填removal。 27.考查时态和被动语态。句意：到那时为止，已经为实现这一目标作出了各种努力。be devoted to doing是固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，由By then可知，句子表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had been devoted。故填had been devoted。 28.考查形容词。句意：有效的社区驱动的保护策略有助于防止进一步的生态损失。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰“community-driven conservation strategies”，句子表示“有效的社区驱动的保护策略有助于防止进一步的生态损失”，空格处意为“有效的”，形容词是effective，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Effective。 29.考查定语从句。句意：当局已经制定了一项放牧策略，其目的是大大减少公园的放牧压力。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，strategy和aim之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 30.考查副词。句意：此外，通过旅游业的替代生计极大地帮助了社区在景观方面发展保护型经济。空格处用副词greatly修饰动词assisted，greatly意为“极大地”。故填greatly。 04（2024·河南平顶山·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan will be released soon. The plan is being drafted 31 (meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, which 32 (launch) by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the 33 (country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national 34 (protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering 35 total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks 36 (make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established 37 an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, 38 was the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. He also said at the news conference on Monday China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87.6 million hectares, 39 (rank) No.1 in the world. “China is also one of the 12 countries with the 40 (rich) biodiversity in the world,” he added. 【答案】 31.to meet 32.was launched 33.country’s 34.protected 35.a 36.have made 37.in 38.who 39.ranking 40.richest 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国将建设世界上最大的国家公园体系，其布局方案将于近期公布。规划的起草是为了满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的生态系统的要求。 31.考查非谓语动词。句意：规划的起草是为了满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的生态系统的要求。分析句子结构可知，meet在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to meet。 32.考查时态语态。句意：根据该计划，政府于2019年启动了大约50个地区被选为国家公园候选地区。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词plan，在从句作主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2019可知，发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was launched。 33.考查名词所有格。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖全国10%的土地面积，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种。此处country与land为所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填country’s。 34.考查形容词。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖全国10%的土地面积，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种。修饰后文名词wild plant and animal species应用形容词protected，表示“受保护的”。故填protected。 35.考查冠词。句意：今年10月，中国宣布了首批5个国家公园，总面积超过23万平方公里。短语a total of表示“总共”。故填a。 36.考查时态语态。句意：公园自建立以来，在环境保护和物种保护方面取得了成绩。根据上文Since their establishment可知，为现在完成时，主语为the parks，助动词用have。故填have made。 37.考查介词。句意：国家林业和草原局官员李强调说：“与此同时，一批新的国家公园正在有序建立，并将尽快投入使用。”固定短语in an orderly manner表示“有序地”。故填in。 38.考查定语从句。句意：国家林业和草原局官员李强调说：“与此同时，一批新的国家公园正在有序建立，并将尽快投入使用。”非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Li，关系词在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 39.考查非谓语动词。句意：他还在周一的新闻发布会上说，中国的人工林保护区面积已达到8760万公顷，居世界首位。分析句子结构可知，rank与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填ranking。 40.考查形容词最高级。句意：“中国也是世界上生物多样性最丰富的12个国家之一，”他补充说。根据定冠词the以及句意“最丰富的”可知应用最高级。故填richest。 05（23-24高三下·四川雅安·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province    41 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 42 (release) report on the park’s development. The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 43 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 44 (respective), according to the report. 45 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia”. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 46 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters. According to Losang Tsering, 47 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 48 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows. The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 49 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves 50 an alpine biological germplasm bank, making it a crucial ecological security barrier in China. 【答案】 41.has continued 42.released 43.and 44.respectively 45.Located 46.was listed 47.who 48.focusing 49.representative 50.as 【导语】 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了三江源国家公园及其生态作用。 41.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据最新发布的一份关于中国西北部青海省三江源国家公园发展的报告，自2021年成立以来，三江源国家公园的生态环境持续改善，节水能力每年增长6%以上。根据下文的时间状语“since the establishment of the national park in 2021”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“The ecological environment”表示单数意义，故填has continued。 42.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。release和report构成了逻辑上的被动关系，因此此处要用过去分词作定语。故填released。 43.考查连词。句意：该报告称，该公园每年向下游输送超过600亿立方米的优质淡水，公园的草地覆盖率和产草量分别增长了11%和30%以上。结合句意可知，本空前后句是并列关系，所以此处填and。故填and。 44.考查副词。句意同上。空处作状语，应用副词形式，respectively是respective的副词形式，意为“分别，各自”。故填respectively。 45.考查非谓语动词。句意：三江源地区位于青藏高原，是长江、黄河、澜沧江的源头，被誉为“亚洲水塔”。locate与逻辑主语“the Sanjiangyuan region”之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Located。 46.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2021年，三江源国家公园与其他四个国家公园一起被列为中国首批国家公园。动词list和主语“the Sanjiangyu an National Park”构成了逻辑上的被动关系，再根据时间状语“In 2021”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was listed。 47.考查定语从句。句意：据三江源国家公园管理局的工程师Losang Tsering介绍，该公园多年来一直把生态恢复放在首位，重点关注冰川、雪山、高海拔草原和草甸等生态系统。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Losang Tsering指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 48.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。focus和逻辑主语“the park”构成了逻辑上的主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词focusing作伴随状语。故填focusing。 49.考查名词。句意：三江源地区是高寒生态系统的典型代表，是高寒生物种质资源库，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。根据本空前的形容词typical可知，此处要用represent的名词形式representative作表语。故填representative。 50.考查介词。句意同上。serve as是常用短语，意为“可用作”。故填as。 06（2022·全国·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 51 (cover)an area about three times 52 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 53 (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 54 (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 55 (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 56 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 57 (population)and homes of giant pandas, and 58 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 59 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 60 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】 51.Covering 52.the 53.were 54.to increase 55.is designed 56.and 57.populations 58.eventually 59.as 60.that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 51.考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 52.考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 53.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 54.考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。 55.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。 56.考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 57.考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处和and后的复数名词homes并列，且在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population ，意为“种群”，且应用复数形式。故填populations。 58.考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually。故填eventually。 59.考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填介词as。故填as。 60.考查定语从句。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that。故填that。 07（23-24高二下·四川成都·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。 The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 61 (cover) an area about three times 62 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 63 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 64 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 65 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 66 leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and 67 (home) of giant pandas, and 68 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve 69 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 70 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】 61.Covering 62.the 63.were 64.to increase 65.is designed 66.and 67.homes 68.eventually 69.as 70.that 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园（GPNP）的计划。 61.考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 62.考查冠词。句意：大熊猫国家公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 63. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。 65. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。 66.考查连词。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 67.考查名词的数。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。此处应用名词home作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数表示泛指，故填homes。 68.考查副词。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually。故填eventually。 69.考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填介词as。故填as。 70.考查定语从句。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that。故填that。 08（23-24高三上·吉林白城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Giant Panda National Park, 71 officially came into being in 2021, is a hugely ambitious project. 72 (cover) an area of 27, 000 square kilometers of countryside in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces, the park is a massive drive 73 (protect) China’s pandas. In Wannian Village, however, the news 74 (greet) with some anxiety. Thousands of people were already living in the area when the park was announced. And many of them were making a living through 75 (activity) that were illegal under the new policy. For decades, mining and hydropower (水电) were the main industries in Wannian. The projects were 76 (profit) and created a lot of jobs. But the mines were ruinous to the local environment. There only appeared to be one way out: turning the village 77 a tourist hotspot. Wannian has several natural advantages: it’s only 200 kilometers from Chengdu. The village also sits right on the southern tip of the park, making it 78 great jumping-off point for visitors. Plus, the nearby panda training center is famous all over China. Local officials 79 (immediate) set about rebranding (重塑形象) Wannian as a “panda village”. The place was given a complete makeover. Cute panda sculptures were placed along the winding path leading from the highway. The newly 80 (build) hotels have attracted visitors nationwide. 【答案】 71.which 72.Covering 73.to protect 74.was greeted 75.activities 76.profitable 77.into 78.a 79.immediately 80.built 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了大熊猫国家公园成立的故事。 71.考查定语从句。句意：大熊猫国家公园于2021年正式成立，是一个雄心勃勃的项目。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Giant Panda National Park，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 72.考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园位于四川、陕西和甘肃三省，占地2.7万平方公里，是保护中国大熊猫的一项重大举措。“(cover) an area of 27, 000 square kilometers of countryside in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces”作伴随状语，cover(占)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the park之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Covering。 73.考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园位于四川、陕西和甘肃三省，占地2.7万平方公里，是保护中国大熊猫的一项重大举措。名词drive后常用不定式作后置定语，drive to do...意为“(为达到某目的而进行的)有组织的努力或运动”。故填to protect。 74.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在万年村，人们对这个消息感到有些焦虑。分析句子可知，greet(对……作出反应)是句中谓语动词，与主语the news之间是被动关系，结合上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was greeted。 75.考查名词。句意：根据新政策，他们中的许多人通过非法活动谋生。名词activity意为“活动”，其后“that were illegal under the new policy”是定语从句，activity是先行词，关系词that将其代入定语从句中作主语。根据从句中系动词were可知，主语是复数名词，故activity用复数形式。故填activities。 76.考查形容词。句意：这些项目是有利可图的，并创造了很多就业机会。提示词作表语，用形容词profitable，意为“有利可图的；有益的”，表明主语的性质。故填profitable。 77.考查介词。句意：似乎只有一条出路：把这个村庄变成一个旅游热点。turn...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……变成……”。故填into。 78.考查冠词。句意：这个村庄也坐落在公园的南端，对游客来说是一个很好的起点。可数名词jumping-off point在句中表示“一个起点”，泛指，空格后单词great发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 79.考查副词。句意：当地官员立即着手将万年村更名为“熊猫村”。提示词修饰动词短语set about，用副词immediately作状语，意为“立即，马上”。故填immediately。 80.考查非谓语动词。句意：新建的旅馆吸引了全国的游客。提示词修饰名词hotels，作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语hotels之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，表被动；newly built“新建的”。故填built。 09（23-24高三上·全国·课后作业）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Imagine that you’re sleeping in the wild in a tent and are awakened by the sound of wolves howling(狼嚎叫). That’s 81 happened to me last summer when my family and I spent the night at the Wolf Conservation Center (WCC) in South Salem, New York. The howling didn’t frighten me. Wolves howl to communicate 82 each other. The WCC educates people about wolves, 83 (they) relationship to the environment, and how to ensure that they survive. Guests 84 (invite) to visit the wolves year­round. The center is home to twenty­five wolves and two 85 (serious) endangered species—the red wolf and the Mexican gray wolf. At one point, both species 86 (be) extinct in the wild. With help from the WCC, the wolves are making a comeback. “Wolves help to keep all other animals in balance(平衡) and keep the environment really 87 (health) ,” said Mary Kate Kabbes, an educator at the WCC. When wolves became extinct in Yellowstone National Park, the elk(麋鹿) population increased to five times its normal(正常的) size and destroyed areas where birds lived. As 88 result, several bird species were forced to leave the park. Now that wolves are back at Yellowstone, the birds have returned. “Learning about wolves, reading books about them, and telling your family and friends is a simple way 89 (help) spread the word about the 90 (important) of wolves.” Kabbes said. 【答案】 81.what 82.with 83.their 84.are invited 85.seriously 86.were 87.healthy 88.a 89.to help 90.importance 【导语】本文是说明文。狼在维持生态平衡中有着重要的作用。因此，我们应该保护它们。 81.考查表语从句。句意：这就是去年夏天发生在我身上的事情，当时我和家人在纽约南塞勒姆的狼群保护中心(WCC)过夜。分析句子可知，空格处为表语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，表示物，应使用连接词what，故填what。 82.考查介词。句意：狼嚎叫是为了相互交流。分析句子可知，空格处缺少介词with，和动词communicate构成固定短语communicate with，表示“和……交流”，故填with。 83.考查代词。句意：WCC教育人们关于狼，它们与环境的关系，以及如何确保它们的生存。分析句子可知，空格处用来限定名词relationship，表示“他们的”，应使用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 84.考查动词时态和语态。句意：全年都有客人被邀请参观狼群。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，主语Guests和所给动词invite之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据时间状语“year­round”可知，应使用一般现在时，故填are invited。 85.考查副词。句意：该中心是25只狼和两种濒危物种—红狼和墨西哥灰狼的家园。分析句子可知，空格处用作状语修饰形容词endangered，应使用副词形式，故填seriously。 86.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：有一段时间，这两个物种在野外都灭绝了。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据时间状语“At one point”可知应使用一般过去时，主语species前有限定词“both”，表示“复数”意义，动词应使用were，故填were。 87.考查形容词。句意：帮助其他动物保持平衡，并保持环境真正健康。分析句子可知，空格处为宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态，表示“健康的”，应使用形容词形式，故填healthy。 88.考查冠词。句意：因此，一些鸟类被迫离开公园。分析句子可知，空格处缺少冠词，构成固定短语As a result表示“结果”，故填a。 89.考查非谓语动词。句意：了解狼，阅读关于狼的书籍，告诉你的家人和朋友，这是一种简单的宣传狼的重要性的方式。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语形式名词way，way后常跟不定式作定语，表示“……的方式/方法”故填to help。 90.考查名词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，设空处是介词about的宾语，表示“重要性”，应使用名词形式，importance是不可数名词。故填importance。 $$