精品解析：2024届湖南省永州市高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试卷

永州市2024年高考第三次模拟考试 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。 3. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B. £9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What pet does the woman want to keep? A. A dog. B. A pig. C. A cat. 2. How does the man make the payment? A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card. 3. When will the speakers set out? A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 2:30 pm. C. At 4:00 pm. 4. What does the man think of his roommate? A. Tidy. B. Dependable. C. Unreliable. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The arrival of the rescue teams. B. The survivors of the earthquake. C. The latest communication system. 第二节 （共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. On a plane. B. At a train station. C. At an airport. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He wants an aisle seat. B. He has too much luggage. C He is going to buy a handbag. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 9. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Work extra hours. C. Visit a friend. 10. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Rebecca. C. Catherine. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. Customer and waiter. 12. What do the speakers want to do? A. End the party. B. Go back home. C. Do voluntary work. 13. What will the man do next? A. Buy more drinks. B. Shut the lights. C. Play the music. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Who is the woman? A. The man's daughter. B. The man's colleague. C. The man's grandmother. 15. What is the man's suggestion for curing a high fever? A. Using herbs. B. Eating fruits. C. Drinking fruit tea. 16. What is wrong with Jane? A. She has a sore throat. B. She has a cough. C. She has a fever. 17. What did the woman's mother do to keep healthy? A. She drank lemon tea. B. She ate boiled pears. C. She took some medicine. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What happened to Sarah at work? A. Some money was lost. B. Some goods were stolen. C. Customers were undercharged. 19. What do we know about Sarah? A. She was promoted. B. She got a pay cut. C. She lost her job. 20. What quality does the speaker stress? A. Honesty. B. Generosity. C. Patience. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。 A When creative architectural minds are given free reign over their creations, some truly unique buildings are born. Habitat 67(Montreal Canada) Habitat 67's unique architecture was designed by a young Canadian-Israeli immigrant named Moshe Safdie for Montreal's 1967 Universal Exposition (博览会). The building was designed to integrate the advantages of suburban living — namely privacy, gardens and multiple floors — in an urban environment. Sagrada Familia(Barcelona, Spain) When modernist architect Antoni Gaudi took the reins in 1883, a year after the construction began, he turned just another church into his masterpiece. Its complex designs and themes make the Sagrada Familia among the most unique architecture in the world. When it's finally finished in 2026, its iconic design will have long since been established as one of the great achievements of architecture. Longaberger Basket Building(Newark, America) There are plenty of buildings out there that reflect their purpose, like the Kansas City library that looks like a row of books. The Longaberger Basket Building is one of this kind. Head office of the Longaberger Company produces baskets which can be found around the world. The Longaberger founder's son wanted all the other Longaberger buildings to look like its products too. Atomium(Brussels, Belgium) Another example of an offbeat construction for a World's Fair, the Atomium was built for the 1958 edition of the Universal Exposition held in Brussels, Belgium by André Waterkeyn. Unlike Habitat 67, it wasn't meant to be a residential building. Instead it contains exhibition rooms and public halls. The building itself is designed to be a copy of the structure of iron crystal. 1. Which of the following building hasn't been completed by now? A. Habitat 67. B. Sagrada Familia. C. Longaberger Basket Building. D. Atomium. 2. What does Longaberger Basket Building look like? A. A basket. B. A garden. C. A row of books. D. An iron crystal. 3. What do Habitat 67 and Atomium have in common? A. They are residential buildings. B. They were built for World's Fairs. C. They were designed by Moshe Safdie. D. They contain exhibition rooms and public halls. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四种独特的建筑。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Sagrada Familia(Barcelona, Spain)部分“When it's finally finished in 2026, its iconic design will have long since been established as one of the great achievements of architecture. (当它最终于2026年完工时，它的标志性建筑将早已成为建筑史上最伟大的成就之一。)”可知，Sagrada Familia目前还没完工，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Longaberger Basket Building(Newark, America)部分“Head office of the Longaberger Company produces baskets which can be found around the world. The Longaberger founder's son wanted all the other Longaberger buildings to look like its products too. (Longaberger公司总部生产的篮子在世界各地都能找到。Longaberger创始人的儿子希望所有其他Longaberger建筑看起来像它的产品。)”可知，Longaberger的建筑看起来像它自己的产品，也就是篮子，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Habitat 67(Montreal, Canada)部分“Habitat 67's unique architecture was designed by a young Canadian-Israeli immigrant named Moshe Safdie for Montreal's 1967 Universal Exposition (博览会). (Habitat 67独特的建筑是由一名叫Moshe Safdie的加拿大裔以色列年轻移民设计师设计的，是为1967年的蒙特利尔世界博览会而建造的。)”和Atomium(Brussels, Belgium)部分“Another example of an offbeat construction for a World's Fair, the Atomium was built for the 1958 edition of the Universal Exposition held in Brussels, Belgium by André Waterkeyn. (另一个为世界博览会而建造的另类建筑例子Atomium，它是设计师André Waterkeyn为1985年在比利时布鲁塞尔举行的世界博览会建造的。)”可知，这两个建筑都是为了世界博览会而修建的，故选B。 B Arieh Smith, an American YouTuber with millions of subscribers recently visited the Cree nation in Canada with a big surprise —he speaks their language. Patrick Mitsuing, a Cree cultural leader, found Smith's channel and saw that he can speak 50 languages to varying degrees of fluency including some indigenous(本土的) ones and invited him to take the Cree course and follow it up with a visit to the nation. The superpower for Smith's work on YouTube is something he's also used for humanitarian purposes—learning indigenous languages and traveling to where they’re spoken in order to strengthen awareness that some of these timeless tongues, with all their hidden knowledge and poetry, are disappearing. Cree is extraordinarily difficult even among indigenous North American languages, but in the 23-minute video of his trip to the Cree lands, Smith amazes multiple passers-by with some Cree chit-chat he learned from the course. “The elders at first were kind of like ‘who is this weirdo(怪人) with the camera?’…”Smith recounted to CBC News. “And then when I started speaking Cree, they were kind of like ‘Oh, OK, that’s pretty cool.’” At the end of the visit, Smith gave a speech to some elders of the Cree race. Just like the strangers on the street, some of the elders thought it was cool and funny, while others were deeply moved. “From the comments that I’ve seen from his videos, I see a lot of the young indigenous, not just young but even older crowds saying ‘man, if he could learn, I could learn; man, if he’s doing it, I could do it.”Mitsuing added. Technology is a way that indigenous languages can live on. Most people will choose to learn languages online today, and courses taught through the social media business are a way that not only allows the younger generation to carry on the torch(火炬), but preserves the language, its writing, and its instruction in case of darker days. 4. What can we learn about Smith? A. He is a native of Cree. B. He longs to be a leader. C. He has a strong capacity for speech. D. He invited Mitsuing to take Cree courses. 5. What is the main purpose of Smith's work on YouTube? A. To show his incredible talent for languages. B. To document his trips to different countries. C. To compose poems to discover hidden knowledge. D. To make people realize the disappearance of some languages. 6. How did the elders of the Cree race feel when they first saw Smith? A. Surprised. B. Moved. C. Excited. D. Impressed. 7. What role does social media play? A. It motivates people to light the torch. B. It inspires people to run media business. C. It allows for the preservation of languages. D. It enables people to travel around the world. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了YouTube用户Smith会说接近50种语言，最近他访问了加拿大的克里族，且会说克里族的语言，他学习一些土著语言是为了保护那些即将消失的语言。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Patrick Mitsuing, a Cree cultural leader, found Smith's channel and saw that he can speak 50 languages to varying degrees of fluency including some indigenous(本土的) ones and invited him to take the Cree course and follow it up with a visit to the nation.(克里族文化领袖Patrick Mitsuing发现了Smith的频道，看到他能不同程度流利地说50种语言，包括一些土著的语言，并邀请他参加克里族语言课程，然后访问该国。)”可知，Smith能不同程度流利地说50种语言，故他的语言能力很强，故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The superpower for Smith's work on YouTube is something he's also used for humanitarian purposes—learning indigenous languages and traveling to where they’re spoken in order to strengthen awareness that some of these timeless tongues, with all their hidden knowledge and poetry, are disappearing.(Smith在YouTube上工作的超能力也是他用于人道主义目的的东西——学习土著语言并前往说这些语言的地方，是为了增强人们的意识，即这些永恒的语言中的一些，以及语言所隐藏的知识和诗歌，正在消失。)”可知，Smith在YouTube上工作的目的是为了增强人们的意识，让人们明白，一些语言正在消失，故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段““The elders at first were kind of like ‘who is this weirdo(怪人) with the camera?’…”Smith recounted to CBC News.(Smith向CBC新闻回忆道：“一开始，老人们的样子有点像‘这个拿着相机的怪人是谁？’”)”可知，当克里族的老人们看到Smith的时候，他们感到很惊讶，觉得很奇怪，不知道这个拿着相机的人是谁，故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Most people will choose to learn languages online today, and courses taught through the social media business are a way that not only allows the younger generation to carry on the torch(火炬), but preserves the language, its writing, and its instruction in case of darker days.(如今，大多数人都会选择在线学习语言，而通过社交媒体业务教授的课程不仅能让年轻的一代传递火炬，还可以在黑暗的日子里保留语言、文学和教学。)”可知，可以通过社交媒体来让年轻人传承，而且还可以保留语言、文学和教学，故媒体充当的角色是可以保护语言，故选C。 C It's no secret that mountain climbing comes with various risks, but some are looking toward an unconventional means of reducing the dangers associated with the sport: jetpacks. A company called Gravity Industries designs what they call “Jet Suits”, a wearable technology that allows its users to fly through the air with a pack on their back and arm-based thrusters (助推器). A recently conducted test flight involved a pilot demonstrating how quickly the jet suit can be used to climb up to a peak. The pilot covered 1.2 miles with 2,200 feet of vertical gain in just 3 minutes, 30 seconds. That's basically equal to the 0.9 mile, 2,000-foot-gain Manitou Incline climb in Colorado, plus a little more. Though the recreational use of the jet suit to climb popular mountains would surely be met with outrage (愤怒) from the local hiking community, there's one application that might be considered quite a bit more acceptable, even praised: using the suit to speed up search and rescue operations. While the technology is still relatively new and access is quite limited, a video of a mountainside test flight, showing the device pushing its pilot up steep terrain (地势) at a height of about 20 feet off the ground, might provide a glimpse at what the future of search and rescue operations in remote areas could look like. Not only could these suits be used to land rescuers in places that might be unsafe for a helicopter, but they could also allow for rapid search of large areas. All of that sounds great, though the price may still be a bit restrictive for widespread use among Colorado’s search and rescue teams at the moment. While there’s not much information on the Gravity Industries website about the price of a unit, one 2021 article put it at $ 440, 000. For now, it's extremely unlikely that a jet suit will be spotted rushing to someone's time aid the next time you're out on the trail. But the creation of jet suits seems to reflect another step toward a real-world and life-saving application of what was once thought to be nothing more than a science-fiction device: the jetpack. 8. How did the author clarify the speed of the pilot in the test flight? A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison. C. By explaining a concept. D. By analyzing causes and effects. 9. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. The result of a test flight. B. The danger of a helicopter. C. The limitation of the jetpack. D. The potential application of the jetpack. 10. What can we know about the jetpack? A. It might be unaffordable for a majority of people. B It is unsafe to wear the suit to carry out rescue tasks. C. It could help predict the development of all the rescue jobs. D. It can push pilots up steep terrain 20 meters off the ground. 11. What is the author's attitude to the future of the jetpack? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Hopeful. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新发明的喷气式飞机服，可以用于减少与登山相关的危险。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A recently conducted test flight involved a pilot demonstrating how quickly the jet suit can be used to climb up to a peak. The pilot covered 1.2 miles with 2,200 feet of vertical gain in just 3 minutes, 30 seconds. That's basically equal to the 0.9 mile, 2,000-foot-gain Manitou Incline climb in Colorado, plus a little more. (最近进行的一次试飞中，一名飞行员演示了使用喷气式飞机服爬上顶峰的速度。飞行员仅用3分30秒就完成了1.2英里的飞行，垂直增益为2200英尺。这基本相当于在科罗拉多州进行的0.9英里、2000英尺的倾斜攀登，再加上更多。)”可知，作者阐述试飞时飞行员的速度是将他的完成1.2英尺的飞行拿来与科罗拉多进行的0.9英里的飞行作对比，故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“While the technology is still relatively new and access is quite limited, a video of a mountainside test flight, showing the device pushing its pilot up steep terrain(地势) at a height of about 20 feet off the ground, might provide a glimpse at what the future of search and rescue operations in remote areas could look like. Not only could these suits be used to land rescuers in places that might be unsafe for a helicopter, but they could also allow for rapid search of large areas. (尽管这项技术仍然相对较新，而且获取途径也相当有限，但一段山坡试飞的视频现实，该设备将飞行员推上离地20英尺高的陡坡地形，这可能会让我们看到偏远地区搜救行动的未来。这些飞行服不仅可以用于将救援人员降落在对直升机来说可能不安全的地方，而且还可以在大范围内进行快速搜索。)”可知，本段主要介绍了此飞行服可以用来将救援人员降落在对直升机来说不安全的地方，还可以在大范围内进行快速搜索，故本段主要介绍了喷气飞行服的潜在应用，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“All of that sounds great, though the price may still be a bit restrictive for widespread use among Colorado’s search and rescue teams at the moment. (所有这些听起来都很棒，尽管目前科罗拉多搜救队广泛使用的价格可能有点限制。)”可知，喷气式飞行服的价格对于搜集对的广泛使用是有限制的，故它对大多数人来说是支付不起的，故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For now, it's extremely unlikely that a jet suit will be spotted rushing to someone's time aid the next time you're out on the trail. But the creation of jet suits seems to reflect another step toward a real-world and life-saving application of what was once thought to be nothing more than a science-fiction device: the jetpack. (就目前而言，下次你外出时，不太可能发现一件喷气式飞行服冲向别人的及时救助。但喷气式飞行服的发明似乎反映了人们朝着现实世界和拯救生命的应用又迈出了一步，这种应用曾经被认为只不过是一种科幻设备：喷气背包。)”可知，作者认为喷气式飞行服的发明似乎反映了人们朝着现实世界和拯救生命的应用迈出的又一步，是向前迈的一步，故他对喷气式背包的态度是积极的，抱有希望的，故选D。 D Do you have an uncle believing vaccines cause autism (自闭症) but refusing to do further research? What about a friend avoiding information about factory animal farming so he can eat cheap meat guilt-free? Each is an example of willful ignorance—the intentional act of avoiding information that reveals the negative consequences of one's actions. To find out why people engage in it, a team of researchers performed an analysis on the evidence of willful ignorance, comparing the results of 22 studies with over 6,000 participants. Participants were randomly assigned the role of decision-makers or recipients (接受者). The decision-makers were given a choice: They could take a $ 5 or $ 6 payout. If they took $ 5, the recipient would also receive $ 5. If they took $ 6, the recipient would receive $ 1. Most decision-makers acted altruistically. They made a slight sacrifice to give the recipient more money. On average, only about a quarter of decision-makers acted selfishly. In another study, the decision-makers could still choose between the $5 or $6 payouts, but they were not told what the recipient would receive. There was a 50-50 chance the recipient would receive $ 5 or $1. Importantly, the decision-makers could ask the researchers what payout the recipient would receive, and they could do so at no cost to themselves. 44% of decision-makers chose to remain willfully ignorant and took the selfish option. The researchers assumed two potential motivations for willful ignorance. First, they thought willful ignorance may offer an excuse for not acting generously. If a person doesn't know the consequences of his actions, then he still can consider himself a morally honest individual even if he decides to act selfishly. Willful ignorance serves to protect his self-image. The second potential motivation is “cognitive inattentiveness.” That is, people dislike thinking more than they have to. It may result from laziness, not paying attention, or not wanting to take the time to learn more. Whatever the case, they favor the quick-and-easy decision. The researchers conclude “taken together, the evidence suggests ignorance is indeed in part ‘willful’ and driven by excuse-seeking and self-image maintenance motives.” Thanks to them, we are all a little less ignorant about ignorance. 12. Which of the following is most probably considered as willful ignorance? A. Refusing to purchase a fur coat out of ethical concerns. B. Stopping smoking in the knowledge of its harm to health. C. Cheating in the exam for a good grade regardless of its negativity. D. Engaging in environmental protection activities in the face of global warming. 13. What does the underlined word “altruistically” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Indifferently. B. Selflessly. C. Tolerantly. D. Proudly. 14. What is the author's tone when researchers' work is commented on? A. Serious. B. Ironic. C. Humorous. D. Critical. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What are altruistic behaviors like? B. How do we avoid willful ignorance? C. What are effects of willful ignorance? D. Why do people choose to be ignorant? 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是故意无知，并分析了人们选择故意无知的原因。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内第二段“Each is an example of willful ignorance—the intentional act of avoiding information that reveals the negative consequences of one's actions.(每个都是故意无知的例子——故意回避揭示自己行为负面后果的信息。)”可知，故意无知是故意回避揭示自己行为带来的负面后果的信息，对自己行为带来的负面后果视而不见，故意回避，故C项“为了高分在考试中作弊，而不管其带来的负面影响。”符合故意无知的行为，故选C。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章划线词altruistically后文的内容“They made a slight sacrifice to give the recipient more money.(他们做出了轻微的牺牲。)”可知，后文提到这些决策者做出了轻微的牺牲，故此处划线词altruistically与B项“selflessly无私地”意思相近，大多数决策者的行为是无私的。他们做出了轻微的牺牲，故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The researchers conclude “taken together, the evidence suggests ignorance is indeed in part ‘willful’ and driven by excuse-seeking and self-image maintenance motives.” Thanks to them, we are all a little less ignorant about ignorance.(研究者得出结论：“综合看来，证据表明无知确实在一定程度上是‘故意的’，是由寻找借口和维护自我形象的动机驱动的。”对亏了他们，我们对无知的认知得少了一点。)”可知，作者最后在提到研究者得出的结论时，说道，对亏了研究者的研究，这让我们对故意无知有了一定的了解，变得不再无知了，对无知的认知得少了一些，因此可以体会出作者的语气是幽默的，故选C。 15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“To find out why people engage in it, a team of researchers performed an analysis on the evidence of willful ignorance, comparing the results of 22 studies with over 6,000 participants.(为了弄清楚为什么人们会参与其中的原因，一组研究人员对故意无知的证据进行了分析，将22项研究的结果与6000多名参与者进行了比较。)”可知，文章在第一段提出了故意无知这一行为，从第二段开始提出文章的目的，为了研究为什么人们会选择故意无知从而进行了研究，故D项“为什么人们选择无知”符合文章标题，故选D。 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the seasons are starting to change around the world, the animal kingdom is on the move. Animal migration is one of nature's great wonders, but how do animals know when it is time to set off on their journey, or where they need to go? Once they've worked out their destination, how do they know how to get there? ___16___ . Migration is a behavioral pattern where animals travel from one habitat to another in search of something. It happens seasonally, and usually involves a return journey. These journeys can be by land, sea or air. ___17___ . Animals like gazelles, wildebeests and zebras migrate in huge herds during dry seasons to look for fresh grass to eat and water to drink. Animals also migrate because of the weather. Around 50 bird species leave the UK each winter to avoid the cold. ___18___ . They're either searching for a mate, looking for somewhere to lay their eggs or finding the best place to raise their young. For example, humpback whales travel to warmer waters each winter to raise their calves. ___19___ , but how do they know when it is time to head off? For those who migrate to look for something to eat, scientists think shortages of food could be a sign that it's time to begin their journey. Others might be able to recognize when winter is coming because they can see that the days are getting shorter. So how do they know where to go? Some use the stars and the sun to help them navigate while others rely on landmarks like rivers and mountains to show them where they are. ___20___ . Wildebeests are thought to follow the smell of rain. A. Below are some ways they get there B. Animals have their reasons for migrating C. Scientists have been puzzled by these questions for many years D. It's also possible for animals to sniff their way to their destination E. Some birds travel to the UK to escape extreme cold further north F. One of the main reasons behind animal migration is the search for food G. For some animals, it's the need to reproduce that sends them on their journey 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要解释了动物迁移这一行为相关的问题。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Animal migration is one of nature's great wonders, but how do animals know when it is time to set off on their journey, or where they need to go? Once they've worked out their destination, how do they know how to get there?(动物迁徙是大自然的奇迹，但动物们如何知道什么时候开始它们的行程，或者他们需要去哪里？一旦他们确定了目的地的，它们怎么知道如何到达那里？)”可知，空前提出了一些列与动物迁徙相关的问题，故C项“科学家被这些问题困扰了很多年。”符合，C项中的“these questions”指代空前提出的这几个问题，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据空后“Animals like gazelles, wildebeests and zebras migrate in huge herds during dry seasons to look for fresh grass to eat and water to drink.(像瞪羚、角马和斑马等动物在旱季成群结队地迁徙，寻找新鲜的草吃和水喝。)”可知，空后提到了瞪羚、角马和斑马等动物在旱季成群结队地迁徙，寻找新鲜的草吃和水喝，故它们迁徙的目的是为了寻找食物和水源，故F项“动物迁徙的其中一个重要的原因在于寻找食物。”符合，故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据空后“They're either searching for a mate, looking for somewhere to lay their eggs or finding the best place to raise their young. For example, humpback whales travel to warmer waters each winter to raise their calves.(它们要么是在寻找配偶，也要么在寻找产卵的地方，要么寻找养育幼崽的最佳地点。)”可知，空后提出它们迁徙是为了寻找配偶，或者寻找产卵的地方，或者寻找养育幼崽的最佳地点，故G项“对于一些动物，是繁殖的需求让它们踏上了旅程。”符合，繁殖的需求让一些动物踏上了旅程，它们要么是在寻找配偶，也要么在寻找产卵的地方，要么寻找养育幼崽的最佳地点，故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据空后“but how do they know when it is time to head off?(但是它们怎么知道什么时候该出发呢？)”可知，空后提出了另外一个问题，什么时候出发，且前文一直在解释动物迁徙的原因，故B项“动物有它们迁徙的理由。”符合，承上启下，总结前文分析的原因，并引出后文迁徙的时间，故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Some use the stars and the sun to help them navigate while others rely on landmarks like rivers and mountains to show them where they are.(一些利用星星或太阳来帮助它们导航，而另一些则依靠和河流和山脉等地标来显示它们的位置。)”和空后“Wildebeests are thought to follow the smell of rain.(人们认为牛羚则是靠着闻雨水的味道。)”可知，空前和空后都提出了一些动物如何知道自己该去哪里的方法，故D项“动物也有可能通过嗅觉来到达目的地。”符合，空前提出一些动物通过地标和星星、太阳来帮助自己导航，而空后则具体举例牛羚是靠着闻雨水的味道，故D项引出后文，通过嗅觉来导航，故选D项。 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Dave had always loved the ocean. You wouldn’t believe how excited he was at Christmas when seeing a gift-wrapped ___21___ . But when he began to surf, something ___22___ happened. Dave thought he knew the water well, but a big wave ___23___ him away. Dave felt powerless against the ___24___ in the deep water and lost confidence. Just then another surfer paddled (蹚水) up beside him. “Can I help you?” he asked. Dave ___25___ him. It was Mike. “I can help you back to shore.” he continued, “First, you need to ___26___ that fear and relax a little.” Dave began to relax his grip (紧抓).“Good,” said Mike. “Let the wave pick you up, then ___27___ your weight forward. As you start to build up speed, move your ___28___ back until you feel balanced. Just enjoy the ride.” When Dave reached the ___29___ near the shore, he was bursting with excitement, fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike. He had ____30____ this. He was right to be ____31____ of the big waves, but no longer did he feel out of his ____32____ .“Looks like you don't need me any longer,” said Mike. “You are a ____33____ . Have fun.” Dave took a last wave, ____34____ it confidently to the shore. Watching the signs of the tide and the size of the waves, he realized they hadn't changed. It was he who was really different —stronger and more confident. The previous ____35____ had given way to joy and exhilaration. 21 A. surfboard B. wetsuit C. shorts D. glasses 22. A. exciting B. joyful C. scary D. sorrowful 23. A. put B. swept C. gave D. attracted 24. A. beach B. seaweed C. shore D. current 25. A. recognized B. challenged C. questioned D. joined 26. A. think of B. speak of C. let go of D. take notice of 27. A. take B. load C. bear D. shift 28. A. weight B. focus C. legs D. hands 29. A. sands B. shallows C. destination D. center 30. A. quit B. shared C. doubted D. grasped 31. A. cautious B. tired C. afraid D. sceptical 32. A. sight B. breath C. depth D. mind 33. A. survivor B. competitor C. professional D. natural 34. A. fighting B. riding C. breaking D. beating 35. A. self-respect B. self-confidence C. self-doubt D. self-criticism 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dave第一次冲浪的经历，在不熟悉冲浪的情况下，独自去冲浪，却被浪打得让他失去了信心。这时，熟练的冲浪者Mike过来帮助了他，在Mike的指导下，Dave熟练地掌握了冲浪的方法。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你无法想象，当他在圣诞节看到礼盒包装的冲浪板时有多兴奋。A. surfboard冲浪板；B. wetsuit潜水衣；C. shorts短裤；D. glasses眼镜。根据后文“But when he began to surf, something ___2___ happened.”可知，当他开始冲浪时，发生了令人害怕的事情，故此处指在圣诞节收到了冲浪板这一礼物，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他开始冲浪时，发生了令人害怕的事情。A. exciting令人激动的；B. joyful令人高兴的；C. scary令人害怕的；D. sorrowful令人伤心的。根据后文“Dave thought he knew the water well, but a big wave ___3___ him away. Dave felt powerless against the ___4___ in the deep water and lost confidence.”可知，巨浪将他卷走，在深水的激流中他感到没有力气了，因此这些事情都是令人害怕的，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dave认为他很熟悉水性，但是一个巨浪将他卷走。A. put放；B. swept卷，横扫；C. gave给；D. attracted吸引。根据空前“a big wave”可知，当他认为自己很熟悉水性的时候，一个巨浪将他卷走，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在深水区的激流中，他感到没有力气，并失去了信心。A. beach海滩；B. seaweed海草；C. shore海岸；D. current激流。根据空前“Dave felt powerless against the”可知，Dave感觉到了无力，因此是在面对深水里的急流时，他没有了力气，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dave认出了他。A. recognized认出；B. challenged挑战；C. questioned质疑；D. joined加入。根据后文“It was Mike.”可知，这是Mike，故Dave认出了他是Mike，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他继续说道：“首先，你需要放下恐惧，并放松一点。”A. think of考虑；B. speak of提到；C. let go of放手；D. take notice of注意到。根据后文“and relax a little”可知，Mike让Dave放松一点点，故首先应该要放下恐惧，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让浪把你卷起来，然后将重心向前移动。A. take拿起；B. load装载；C. bear忍受；D. shift转移。根据后文“As you start to build up speed, move your ___8___ back until you feel balanced.”可知，开始加速时，就将重心往后移，故此处指先将重心向前转移，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你开始加速时，将重心往后移直到你保持平衡。A. weight重量，重心；B. focus注意力；C. legs腿；D. hands手。根据前文““Let the wave pick you up, then ___7___ your weight forward.”可知，前文提到先将重心往前移，故此处指等到准备加速时，就将重心往后，直到保持平衡，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Dave到达了海岸附近的浅水区时，他十分激动，很惊讶地发现，曾经让他感到害怕的急流，在Mike的帮助下却成为了有用的东西。A. sands沙滩；B. shallows浅水区；C. destination目的地；D. center中心。根据空后“near the shore”可知，当他到达了海岸附近的浅水区，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经掌握了冲浪。A. quit放弃；B. shared分享；C. doubted怀疑；D. grasped掌握。根据前文“fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike.”可知，Dave觉得曾经让他感到害怕的急流，在Mike的帮助下却成为了有用的东西，说明他已经掌握了冲浪，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他害怕巨浪是没错的，但他不再感到力不从心了。A. cautious小心的；B. tired疲惫的；C. afraid害怕的；D. sceptical怀疑的。根据空前“First, you need to ___6___ that fear”可知，Mike让Dave放下恐惧，故可推知Dave是害怕巨浪的，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sight视线；B. breath呼吸；C. depth深度；D. mind大脑。根据空前的转折“He was right to be ___11___ of the big waves, but no longer did he feel”可知，尽管他害怕巨浪，但现在对于巨浪，并不感到力不从心了，out of one’s breath“感觉到力不从心，因缺乏经验或能力而感动无法应对”，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mike说道：“看来，你不再需要我了，你是个专业冲浪者了。好好玩吧。”A. survivor幸存者；B. competitor竞争者；C. professional专业人士；D. natural天赋选手。根据前文“Looks like you don't need me any longer”可知，Mike说Dave不再需要他的帮助了，Dave已经学会了冲浪，故称他为专业人士了，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dave趁着最后一个浪头，信心十足地向岸边踏浪而去。A. fighting打斗；B. riding漂浮，踏浪；C. breaking打碎；D. beating击打。根据空后的“it”可知，it指代前文的a last wave，ride the wave意为“踏浪”，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：之前的自我怀疑变成了高兴和兴奋。A. self-respect自我尊重；B. self-confidence自信；C. self-doubt自我怀疑；D. self-criticism自我批评。根据前文“Dave felt powerless against the ___4___ in the deep water and lost confidence.”可知，在深水区的激流中，他渐渐失去了信心，但在Mike的帮助下，他成功掌握了冲浪的方法，故此处指之前的自我怀疑变成了现在的高兴和兴奋，故选C。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dazhai, a village ___36___ (surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi's Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups, which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced (梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years, ___37___ (attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year. Its terraced fields follow ___38___ landform of the mountains, at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level. So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces ___39___ (dig). Those in Dazhai are important ___40___ (representative) of Longji terracing, a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, ___41___ (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape ___42___ resembles a staircase to the clouds. The largest terrace is no more than an acre ___43___ size, while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings (秧苗). Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature ___44___ the dynamic balance of forests and fields. They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture. Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water ____45____ (manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day. Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved. 【答案】36. surrounded 37. attracts 38. the 39. have been dug 40. representatives 41. winding 42. which##that 43. in 44. and 45. management 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广西的龙脊梯田。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大寨，广西龙胜各族自治县的一个四面环山的村庄，拥有约66万平方公里的梯田，种植了约2300年，每年吸引着数以万计的游客。此处作定语，修饰名词village，village与surround之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填surrounded。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：同上。此处作谓语动词，主语为a village，为单数，主语a village与attract之间为主动关系，且此处时间状语为every year，故应用一般现在时，故填attracts。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它的梯田是遵循山的地形而建，海拔高度从300米到1200米不等。此处意为“……的地形”，特指山的地形，landform是辅音音素开头，表达为the landform of…，故填the。 【39题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，从湍急的河谷到薄雾笼罩的山脉、茂密的森林和陡峭的悬崖，无论哪里有水和土壤，都可以挖出梯田。此处作谓语动词，主语为terraces，复数，主语terraces与dig之间为被动关系，且时间状语为so far，故应用现在完成时，故填have been dug。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：大寨梯田是龙脊体现的重要代表，龙脊梯田是我国著名的梯田类型。此处作表语，主语为those，是复数，故此处应用名词的复数形式作表语，故填representatives。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最高的一层有1100多层，从山脚蜿蜒到山顶，创造了一个宏伟的景观，就像是通往云端的楼梯。句子谓语是has，空格处作状语，主语the highest tier与wind之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填winding。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句，先行词为a magnificent landscape，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：最大的梯田不超过一英亩大小，而最小的仅仅只能容纳下少量的水稻。此处意为“大小，尺寸”，表达为in size，意为在“尺寸上”，故填in。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：龙脊梯田是一种基于环境的实践，重视人与自然的和谐以及森林和田地的动态平衡。此处为连词，连接harmony和the dynamic balance两个名词，故应用and连接，故填and。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：龙脊梯田是我国古代农业闻名和水利的重要典范，一直流传至今。此处作介词of的宾语，故应用名词“management管理”作表语，故填management。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，国际五一劳动节即将来临，学校摄影俱乐部将举办以“最美劳动者”为主题的短视频作品大赛。请你写一则比赛通知张贴到校国际部，内容包括： 1. 作品要求； 2. 作品提交的截止日期和地点。 参考词汇：短视频大赛 short video competition 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 【答案】Notice With the International Labor’s Day approaching, a short video competition will be held in our school to celebrate the festival in a novel way. The title of the competition is the most beautiful worker. To participate, you are expected to prepare your short video entries which must be focused on the theme, showing examples of diligent and inspiring works, whether it’s in a factory, farm, office, of any other workplace. Videos should be accompanied by a brief description explaining the inspiration and story behind the video. All videos submissions must be received by July 30 th, 2024 to the School Photography Club office. Don’t hesitate to take part! Waiting for your talent! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一则通知，通知学生随着国际五一劳动节即将来临，学校摄影俱乐部将举办以“最美劳动者”为主题的短视频作品大赛这件事。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 临近：approach→come/around the corner 参加：participate→take part/be involved/be engaged 犹豫：hesitate→be uncertain about 新颖的：novel→creative/innovative 句式拓展： 简单句变复杂句 原句：With the International Labor’s Day approaching, a short video competition will be held in our school to celebrate the festival in a novel way. The title of the competition is the most beautiful worker. 拓展句：With the International Labor’s Day approaching, a short video competition will be held in our school to celebrate the festival in a novel way, the title of the which is the most beautiful worker. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 To participate, you are expected to prepare your short video entries which must be focused on the theme, showing examples of diligent and inspiring works, whether it’s in a factory, farm, office, of any other workplace.(运用了不定式作目的状语，which引导非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语，whether引导让步状语从句。) 【高分句型2】 Videos should be accompanied by a brief description explaining the inspiration and story behind the video.(运用了现在分词作状语。) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We were sitting in her classroom, giggling, playing tricks on each other and talking about the latest information of the day. Mrs. Virginia DeView cleared her throat and asked us to be quiet. “Now,” she said smiling, “we are going to discover our professions.” The class seemed to gasp(喘气) in chorus. Our professions? We stared at each other in disbelief. After all, we were only 13 and 14 years old. Because Virginia DeView was demanding, most of us just overlooked her brilliance. “Yes, you will all be searching for your future professions,” she said with a glow on her face as though this was the best thing she did in her classroom every year. “You will have to do a research paper on your upcoming career. Each of you will have to interview someone in your field, plus give an oral report.” All of us went home confused. Who knows what they want to do at 13? I had narrowed it down, however. I liked art, singing and writing. But I was terrible in art, and when I sang, my sisters screamed: “Oh, please shut up.” The only thing left was writing. Every day in her class, Virginia DeView monitored us. Where were we? Who had picked their careers? Finally, most of us had selected something: I picked print journalism（新闻工作）. This meant I had to interview a devoted newspaper reporter in person, and I was terrified. Sensing this, for the next 90 minutes, Mrs. Virginia DeView filled me with stories about print journalism… A few days later, I gave my oral report totally from memory. Surprisingly, I got an A on the entire project. Years later, I forgot all about Virginia DeView and the careers we selected. I was in college hunting for a new career. My father wanted me in business, which seemed to be sound advice at the time, except that I had no sense of any business skills. Then I remembered Virginia DeView and my desire at 13 to be a journalist. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I called my father. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Now I've had the most incredible and satisfying reporting career. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I called my father. And I told him about my dream of becoming a journalist. His initial reaction was surprise, then confusion, and finally, understanding. He said, “Remember, you were always more into the arts and writing than business. Perhaps Virginia DeView’s class was a sign of what you should truly pursue.” His words resonated with me, and I realized that I had been suppressing my true passion for years. I thanked him for his support and told him that I would pursue journalism with all my heart. Now I've had the most incredible and satisfying reporting career. I’ve interviewed world leaders, uncovered major stories, and written articles that have changed people’s lives. I often think back to Virginia DeView’s class and how she inspired me to follow my dreams. I’m grateful to her for planting that seed in my young mind and helping me realize my potential. I've come to understand that a successful career is not just about making money or following trends, but about finding something that you’re truly passionate about and dedicating yourself to it. Virginia DeView’s class was the start of my journey to discovering my true calling, and I’m forever grateful to her for that. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达以Mrs. Virginia DeView的一节职业课线索，讲述了在Virginia DeView的课上，我找到了自己喜欢的职业，在大学迷茫时，突然想起来这一节课，从而想起来自己所喜欢的新闻工作。因此找到了自己的职业方向，并做得很出色。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我给父亲打电话。”可知，本段可以写我给父亲打电话告诉他我想做新闻工作的想法，父亲由起初的困惑变成了理解，并支持我。我感谢父亲，并告诉他我会全身心投入在这份工作中。 ②由第二段首句内容“现在我已经有了令人难以置信和令人满意的记者工作。”可知，本段可以写我在新闻工作方面取得的令人满意的成就，并感激Virginia DeView，是她帮我找到了我对这份工作的热情。 2.续写线索：给父亲打电话—父亲不理解—父亲支持我的决定—我决定全身心投去这份喜爱的工作—在新闻工作上取得的成就—感谢Virginia DeView。 3.词类激活： 行为类： 意识到：realize/come to realize/be aware of/come to understand 追寻：pursue/chase 采访：interview/have an interview with 情绪类： 惊讶：surprise/astonishment/amazement 热情：passion/enthusiasm 感激：be grateful to/appreciate/thank 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I often think back to Virginia DeView’s class and how she inspired me to follow my dreams.(运用了how引导宾语从句。) 【高分句型2】 Perhaps Virginia DeView’s class was a sign of what you should truly pursue. (运用了what引导宾语从句。) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 永州市2024年高考第三次模拟考试 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷共10页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。 3. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B. £9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What pet does the woman want to keep? A. A dog. B. A pig. C. A cat. 2. How does the man make the payment? A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card. 3. When will the speakers set out? A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 2:30 pm. C. At 4:00 pm. 4. What does the man think of his roommate? A. Tidy. B. Dependable. C. Unreliable. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The arrival of the rescue teams. B. The survivors of the earthquake. C. The latest communication system. 第二节 （共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. On a plane. B. At a train station. C. At an airport. 7. What do we know about the man? A. He wants an aisle seat. B. He has too much luggage. C. He is going to buy a handbag. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 9. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening? A. Go to a concert. B. Work extra hours. C. Visit a friend. 10. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Rebecca. C. Catherine. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Husband and wife. C. Customer and waiter. 12. What do the speakers want to do? A. End the party. B. Go back home. C. Do voluntary work. 13. What will the man do next? A. Buy more drinks. B. Shut the lights. C. Play the music. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Who is the woman? A. The man's daughter. B. The man's colleague. C. The man's grandmother. 15. What is the man's suggestion for curing a high fever? A. Using herbs. B. Eating fruits. C. Drinking fruit tea. 16. What is wrong with Jane? A. She has a sore throat. B. She has a cough. C. She has a fever. 17. What did the woman's mother do to keep healthy? A. She drank lemon tea. B. She ate boiled pears. C. She took some medicine. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What happened to Sarah at work? A. Some money was lost. B. Some goods were stolen. C. Customers were undercharged. 19. What do we know about Sarah? A. She was promoted. B. She got a pay cut. C. She lost her job. 20. What quality does the speaker stress? A. Honesty. B. Generosity. C. Patience. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。 A When creative architectural minds are given free reign over their creations, some truly unique buildings are born. Habitat 67(Montreal, Canada) Habitat 67's unique architecture was designed by a young Canadian-Israeli immigrant named Moshe Safdie for Montreal's 1967 Universal Exposition (博览会). The building was designed to integrate the advantages of suburban living — namely privacy, gardens and multiple floors — in an urban environment. Sagrada Familia(Barcelona, Spain) When modernist architect Antoni Gaudi took the reins in 1883, a year after the construction began, he turned just another church into his masterpiece. Its complex designs and themes make the Sagrada Familia among the most unique architecture in the world. When it's finally finished in 2026, its iconic design will have long since been established as one of the great achievements of architecture. Longaberger Basket Building(Newark, America) There are plenty of buildings out there that reflect their purpose, like the Kansas City library that looks like a row of books. The Longaberger Basket Building is one of this kind. Head office of the Longaberger Company produces baskets which can be found around the world. The Longaberger founder's son wanted all the other Longaberger buildings to look like its products too. Atomium(Brussels, Belgium) Another example of an offbeat construction for a World's Fair, the Atomium was built for the 1958 edition of the Universal Exposition held in Brussels, Belgium by André Waterkeyn. Unlike Habitat 67, it wasn't meant to be a residential building. Instead it contains exhibition rooms and public halls. The building itself is designed to be a copy of the structure of iron crystal. 1. Which of the following building hasn't been completed by now? A. Habitat 67. B. Sagrada Familia. C. Longaberger Basket Building. D. Atomium. 2. What does Longaberger Basket Building look like? A. A basket. B. A garden. C. A row of books. D. An iron crystal. 3. What do Habitat 67 and Atomium have in common? A They are residential buildings. B. They were built for World's Fairs. C. They were designed by Moshe Safdie. D. They contain exhibition rooms and public halls. B Arieh Smith, an American YouTuber with millions of subscribers recently visited the Cree nation in Canada with a big surprise —he speaks their language. Patrick Mitsuing, a Cree cultural leader, found Smith's channel and saw that he can speak 50 languages to varying degrees of fluency including some indigenous(本土的) ones and invited him to take the Cree course and follow it up with a visit to the nation. The superpower for Smith's work on YouTube is something he's also used for humanitarian purposes—learning indigenous languages and traveling to where they’re spoken in order to strengthen awareness that some of these timeless tongues, with all their hidden knowledge and poetry, are disappearing. Cree is extraordinarily difficult even among indigenous North American languages, but in the 23-minute video of his trip to the Cree lands, Smith amazes multiple passers-by with some Cree chit-chat he learned from the course. “The elders at first were kind of like ‘who is this weirdo(怪人) with the camera?’…”Smith recounted to CBC News. “And then when I started speaking Cree, they were kind of like ‘Oh, OK, that’s pretty cool.’” At the end of the visit, Smith gave a speech to some elders of the Cree race. Just like the strangers on the street, some of the elders thought it was cool and funny, while others were deeply moved. “From the comments that I’ve seen from his videos, I see a lot of the young indigenous, not just young but even older crowds saying ‘man, if he could learn, I could learn; man, if he’s doing it, I could do it.”Mitsuing added. Technology is a way that indigenous languages can live on. Most people will choose to learn languages online today, and courses taught through the social media business are a way that not only allows the younger generation to carry on the torch(火炬), but preserves the language, its writing, and its instruction in case of darker days. 4. What can we learn about Smith? A. He is a native of Cree. B. He longs to be a leader. C. He has a strong capacity for speech. D. He invited Mitsuing to take Cree courses. 5. What is the main purpose of Smith's work on YouTube? A. To show his incredible talent for languages. B. To document his trips to different countries. C. To compose poems to discover hidden knowledge. D. To make people realize the disappearance of some languages. 6. How did the elders of the Cree race feel when they first saw Smith? A. Surprised. B. Moved. C. Excited. D. Impressed. 7. What role does social media play? A. It motivates people to light the torch. B. It inspires people to run media business. C It allows for the preservation of languages. D. It enables people to travel around the world. C It's no secret that mountain climbing comes with various risks, but some are looking toward an unconventional means of reducing the dangers associated with the sport: jetpacks. A company called Gravity Industries designs what they call “Jet Suits”, a wearable technology that allows its users to fly through the air with a pack on their back and arm-based thrusters (助推器). A recently conducted test flight involved a pilot demonstrating how quickly the jet suit can be used to climb up to a peak. The pilot covered 1.2 miles with 2,200 feet of vertical gain in just 3 minutes, 30 seconds. That's basically equal to the 0.9 mile, 2,000-foot-gain Manitou Incline climb in Colorado, plus a little more. Though the recreational use of the jet suit to climb popular mountains would surely be met with outrage (愤怒) from the local hiking community, there's one application that might be considered quite a bit more acceptable, even praised: using the suit to speed up search and rescue operations. While the technology is still relatively new and access is quite limited, a video of a mountainside test flight, showing the device pushing its pilot up steep terrain (地势) at a height of about 20 feet off the ground, might provide a glimpse at what the future of search and rescue operations in remote areas could look like. Not only could these suits be used to land rescuers in places that might be unsafe for a helicopter, but they could also allow for rapid search of large areas. All of that sounds great, though the price may still be a bit restrictive for widespread use among Colorado’s search and rescue teams at the moment. While there’s not much information on the Gravity Industries website about the price of a unit, one 2021 article put it at $ 440, 000. For now, it's extremely unlikely that a jet suit will be spotted rushing to someone's time aid the next time you're out on the trail. But the creation of jet suits seems to reflect another step toward a real-world and life-saving application of what was once thought to be nothing more than a science-fiction device: the jetpack. 8. How did the author clarify the speed of the pilot in the test flight? A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison. C. By explaining a concept. D. By analyzing causes and effects. 9. What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. The result of a test flight. B. The danger of a helicopter. C. The limitation of the jetpack. D. The potential application of the jetpack. 10. What can we know about the jetpack? A. It might be unaffordable for a majority of people. B. It is unsafe to wear the suit to carry out rescue tasks. C. It could help predict the development of all the rescue jobs. D. It can push pilots up steep terrain 20 meters off the ground. 11. What is the author's attitude to the future of the jetpack? A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Dismissive. D. Hopeful. D Do you have an uncle believing vaccines cause autism (自闭症) but refusing to do further research? What about a friend avoiding information about factory animal farming so he can eat cheap meat guilt-free? Each is an example of willful ignorance—the intentional act of avoiding information that reveals the negative consequences of one's actions. To find out why people engage in it, a team of researchers performed an analysis on the evidence of willful ignorance, comparing the results of 22 studies with over 6,000 participants. Participants were randomly assigned the role of decision-makers or recipients (接受者). The decision-makers were given a choice: They could take a $ 5 or $ 6 payout. If they took $ 5, the recipient would also receive $ 5. If they took $ 6, the recipient would receive $ 1. Most decision-makers acted altruistically. They made a slight sacrifice to give the recipient more money. On average, only about a quarter of decision-makers acted selfishly. In another study, the decision-makers could still choose between the $5 or $6 payouts, but they were not told what the recipient would receive. There was a 50-50 chance the recipient would receive $ 5 or $1. Importantly, the decision-makers could ask the researchers what payout the recipient would receive, and they could do so at no cost to themselves. 44% of decision-makers chose to remain willfully ignorant and took the selfish option. The researchers assumed two potential motivations for willful ignorance. First, they thought willful ignorance may offer an excuse for not acting generously. If a person doesn't know the consequences of his actions, then he still can consider himself a morally honest individual even if he decides to act selfishly. Willful ignorance serves to protect his self-image. The second potential motivation is “cognitive inattentiveness.” That is, people dislike thinking more than they have to. It may result from laziness, not paying attention, or not wanting to take the time to learn more. Whatever the case, they favor the quick-and-easy decision. The researchers conclude “taken together, the evidence suggests ignorance is indeed in part ‘willful’ and driven by excuse-seeking and self-image maintenance motives.” Thanks to them, we are all a little less ignorant about ignorance. 12. Which of the following is most probably considered as willful ignorance? A. Refusing to purchase a fur coat out of ethical concerns. B. Stopping smoking in the knowledge of its harm to health. C. Cheating in the exam for a good grade regardless of its negativity. D. Engaging in environmental protection activities in the face of global warming. 13. What does the underlined word “altruistically” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Indifferently. B. Selflessly. C. Tolerantly. D. Proudly. 14. What is the author's tone when researchers' work is commented on? A. Serious. B. Ironic. C. Humorous. D. Critical. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What are altruistic behaviors like? B. How do we avoid willful ignorance? C. What are effects of willful ignorance? D. Why do people choose to be ignorant? 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As the seasons are starting to change around the world, the animal kingdom is on the move. Animal migration is one of nature's great wonders, but how do animals know when it is time to set off on their journey, or where they need to go? Once they've worked out their destination, how do they know how to get there? ___16___ . Migration is a behavioral pattern where animals travel from one habitat to another in search of something. It happens seasonally, and usually involves a return journey. These journeys can be by land, sea or air. ___17___ . Animals like gazelles, wildebeests and zebras migrate in huge herds during dry seasons to look for fresh grass to eat and water to drink. Animals also migrate because of the weather. Around 50 bird species leave the UK each winter to avoid the cold. ___18___ . They're either searching for a mate, looking for somewhere to lay their eggs or finding the best place to raise their young. For example, humpback whales travel to warmer waters each winter to raise their calves. ___19___ , but how do they know when it is time to head off? For those who migrate to look for something to eat, scientists think shortages of food could be a sign that it's time to begin their journey. Others might be able to recognize when winter is coming because they can see that the days are getting shorter. So how do they know where to go? Some use the stars and the sun to help them navigate while others rely on landmarks like rivers and mountains to show them where they are. ___20___ . Wildebeests are thought to follow the smell of rain. A. Below are some ways they get there B. Animals have their reasons for migrating C. Scientists have been puzzled by these questions for many years D. It's also possible for animals to sniff their way to their destination E. Some birds travel to the UK to escape extreme cold further north F. One of the main reasons behind animal migration is the search for food G. For some animals, it's the need to reproduce that sends them on their journey 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Dave had always loved the ocean. You wouldn’t believe how excited he was at Christmas when seeing a gift-wrapped ___21___ . But when he began to surf, something ___22___ happened. Dave thought he knew the water well, but a big wave ___23___ him away. Dave felt powerless against the ___24___ in the deep water and lost confidence. Just then another surfer paddled (蹚水) up beside him. “Can I help you?” he asked. Dave ___25___ him. It was Mike. “I can help you back to shore.” he continued, “First, you need to ___26___ that fear and relax a little.” Dave began to relax his grip (紧抓).“Good,” said Mike. “Let the wave pick you up, then ___27___ your weight forward. As you start to build up speed, move your ___28___ back until you feel balanced. Just enjoy the ride.” When Dave reached the ___29___ near the shore, he was bursting with excitement, fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike. He had ____30____ this. He was right to be ____31____ of the big waves, but no longer did he feel out of his ____32____ .“Looks like you don't need me any longer,” said Mike. “You are a ____33____ . Have fun.” Dave took a last wave, ____34____ it confidently to the shore. Watching the signs of the tide and the size of the waves, he realized they hadn't changed. It was he who was really different —stronger and more confident. The previous ____35____ had given way to joy and exhilaration. 21. A. surfboard B. wetsuit C. shorts D. glasses 22. A. exciting B. joyful C. scary D. sorrowful 23. A. put B. swept C. gave D. attracted 24. A. beach B. seaweed C. shore D. current 25. A. recognized B. challenged C. questioned D. joined 26. A. think of B. speak of C. let go of D. take notice of 27. A. take B. load C. bear D. shift 28. A. weight B. focus C. legs D. hands 29. A. sands B. shallows C. destination D. center 30. A. quit B. shared C. doubted D. grasped 31. A. cautious B. tired C. afraid D. sceptical 32. A. sight B. breath C. depth D. mind 33. A. survivor B. competitor C. professional D. natural 34 A. fighting B. riding C. breaking D. beating 35. A. self-respect B. self-confidence C. self-doubt D. self-criticism 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dazhai, a village ___36___ (surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi's Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups, which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced (梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years, ___37___ (attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year. Its terraced fields follow ___38___ landform of the mountains, at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level. So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces ___39___ (dig). Those in Dazhai are important ___40___ (representative) of Longji terracing, a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, ___41___ (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape ___42___ resembles a staircase to the clouds. The largest terrace is no more than an acre ___43___ size, while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings (秧苗). Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature ___44___ the dynamic balance of forests and fields. They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture. Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water ____45____ (manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day. Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，国际五一劳动节即将来临，学校摄影俱乐部将举办以“最美劳动者”为主题的短视频作品大赛。请你写一则比赛通知张贴到校国际部，内容包括： 1. 作品要求； 2. 作品提交的截止日期和地点。 参考词汇：短视频大赛 short video competition 注意： 1. 写作词数应80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 Notice _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We were sitting in her classroom, giggling, playing tricks on each other and talking about the latest information of the day. Mrs. Virginia DeView cleared her throat and asked us to be quiet. “Now,” she said smiling, “we are going to discover our professions.” The class seemed to gasp(喘气) in chorus. Our professions? We stared at each other in disbelief. After all, we were only 13 and 14 years old. Because Virginia DeView was demanding, most of us just overlooked her brilliance. “Yes, you will all be searching for your future professions,” she said with a glow on her face as though this was the best thing she did in her classroom every year. “You will have to do a research paper on your upcoming career. Each of you will have to interview someone in your field, plus give an oral report.” All of us went home confused. Who knows what they want to do at 13? I had narrowed it down, however. I liked art, singing and writing. But I was terrible in art, and when I sang, my sisters screamed: “Oh, please shut up.” The only thing left was writing. Every day in her class, Virginia DeView monitored us. Where were we? Who had picked their careers? Finally, most of us had selected something: I picked print journalism（新闻工作）. This meant I had to interview a devoted newspaper reporter in person, and I was terrified. Sensing this, for the next 90 minutes, Mrs. Virginia DeView filled me with stories about print journalism… A few days later, I gave my oral report totally from memory. Surprisingly, I got an A on the entire project. Years later, I forgot all about Virginia DeView and the careers we selected. I was in college hunting for a new career. My father wanted me in business, which seemed to be sound advice at the time, except that I had no sense of any business skills. Then I remembered Virginia DeView and my desire at 13 to be a journalist. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I called my father. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Now I've had the most incredible and satisfying reporting career. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$