专题10 日清十考点+状语从句精讲-2024年八升九英语暑期无忧衔接

专题10 日清十考点+状语从句精讲 1.日清十考点 2.状语从句精讲 日清十考点 考点一 consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。 consider sb. /sth. (as) sth. 意为“认为某人/某物是……”。另外，consider后还可接that从句。 【拓展】consider还可意为“考虑”，相当于think about，其后可接名词、代词、动词ing形式从句或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。 He himself a great man.他认为自己是一个了不起的人。 They were as heroes.他们被认为是英雄。 You’d better my suggestion.你最好考虑一下我的建议。 He has never how to solve the problem. 他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。 考点二 such……that……意为“如此……以至于……”。与so……that……不同的是，such是形容词，用来修饰名词。常见结构有： (1)such + a/an + adj. +可数名词单数+ that……= so + adj. + a/an+可数名词单数+ that…… He is a clever boy everyone likes him. = He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. 他是如此聪明的男孩以至于每个人都喜欢他。 (2)such + adj. +可数名词复数+ that…… These are difficult Maths problems that I can’t work them out.这些是如此困难的数学问题以至于我不能解决它们。 (3)such + adj. +不可数名词+ that…… This is hard work few people can finish it on time这是一项如此艰难的工作以至于没人可以按时完成它。 考点三 【辨析】pleasure，pleasant和pleased pleasure 可数名词 “乐事；快事” 不可数名词 “高兴；快乐”，take pleasure in (doing) sth. 意为“从(做)某事中获得乐趣”。 pleasant 形容词 “令人愉快的；宜人的；性格文雅的”，通常修饰物。 pleased 形容词 “高兴的；愉快的”，主语一般是人。be pleased with “对……感到满意” be pleased to do sth.“乐于做某事”。 考点四 expect expect sb. to do sth. expectation v.要求；指望 期望某人做某事 n.期待；预期；指望 (1)别指望我会相信你。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Lily went to college with great________(expect). 考点五 mind v.介意，作及物动词时，后面常接名词、代词、动名词、复合结构、从句等。 “Do/Would you mind＋形容词性物主代词/人称代词宾格+doing sth.？”， 意为“你介意某人做某事吗？” 介意把你的电话借我一用吗？(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 考点六 suppose v.(根据所知)认为 be supposed to应该 I/We suppose后的宾语从句是否定含义时，应将否定转移到主句。 (1)我是应该打扫所有的房间，还是只打扫这一间？(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) I don’t he will agree.我以为他不会同意 考点七 suggest v.建议；提议，(近) advise ；suggestion n.建议；提议a suggestion = a piece of advice suggest doing sth.建议做某事 suggest表建议时其后的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为should do或do 的形式。 (1)My friend________that I should tell my parents the truth. A. offered B. admitted C. suggested (2)It’s a________(suggest) to buy a second hand flat if you don’t have enough money. (3)I it in a different way.我建议用不同的方法做这件事。 考点八 由于一些粗心的错误，学生1数学考试不及格。 fail fail to do sth. (反) pass failure v.不及格 没能做某事 v.通过 n.失败 (1)他没能赶上第一班火车。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Successful people often aren’t very good at dealing with________(fail). 考点九 1.set的相关用法 set set up set out a set of v. 设置 设立 出发 一系列，一套 (1)Our teacher us a difficult test.我们的老师给我们出了一份很难的试卷。 (2)This theatre is for children.这间影剧院是为孩子们设立的。 (3)It was raining when she .她出发的时候正下着雨。 (4)There must be laws for the whole of the country.整个国家必须有一套法律。 考点十 【辨析】because，since，as，for作“因为”的意思是的用法区别 because 回答why的提问，表示直接原因 语气由强至弱依次为because，since，as，for since “既然”，表示显然的或已知的理由 as “鉴于”，说明原因，主句说明结果 for 接句子不能放句首，表推断 (1) They hurried up it was getting dark.他们加快了速度因为天越来越黑了。 (2) you can’t answer it，perhaps we’d better ask another.既然你不能回答它，或许我们应该问其他的。 (3) I had a cold，I was absent from school.鉴于我感冒了，我没去学校。 (4)He is loved by all， he is honest.他被所有人喜欢，回为他是诚实的。 语法精讲 在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。 状语从句有 时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、地点和方式等种类。 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner…than, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time, next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly等。 ( 第一次见到你 一见到你 直到见到你 五岁时见到你 ) ( 表示时间——时间状语从句 ) ( 我就喜欢上了你 。 ) 1.表示“一···就···”的句型 1) as soon as/once As soon as he arrives, I'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。【主将从现】 （as soon as 侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示“一旦...”） As soon as I saw you, I liked you.=I liked you as soon as I saw you . 一见到你,我就喜欢上了你。 2）the moment, the instant, the minute, the second,the first time The moment I saw him, I recognized him.我一看见他，就认出了他。 We'll leave the minute you are ready.你一准备好，我们就出发。 The first time I saw you, I liked you.第一次见到你，我就喜欢上了你。 2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句 1) when的用法 when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。 I was thin when I was a child. 当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。 It was raining when I arrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。 When I saw you at my age of five, I liked you.五岁时见到你,就喜欢上了你。 你不在的时候他非常想念你 He does miss you when you are not here. 2）while用法 while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that.... My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。 I am safe while I am here.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。 注意 while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲；并可在句首引出让步状语从句作“虽然···但”讲。 I like watching TV, while he likes reading.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。 While he has his own car, he often uses mine.尽管他自己有车，他却常用我的。 3) as的用法 ① as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。 As I left the house, I forgot the key.我离家时，忘了带钥匙。 ② as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着...”的意思，表时间的推移。如： As I get older, I get more optimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。 3. until和till 1)“延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到…为止，”译为“直到…为止”，如： I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 2)“终止性动词的否定式+ until”表示“直到···才”。 He didn't go to bed until he had finished his work. 直到完成工作他才睡觉。 Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD course.= Donald won’t leave college until he finished his PhD course. I didn’t like you until I saw you. 直到见到你，我就喜欢上你。 3)用于强调句式“It is not until ...that ...” It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。 4) not until放在句首时，主句倒装。 Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining this compound. 直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。 注意 句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till；not...until...句型中不用till。 二、条件状语从句【主将从现】 1．由if, unless（if...not）, so/as long as,in case（如果）, on condition that（条件是...） 如果我有时间，我就告诉你。 I will tell you if I have time. I won't tell you unless I have time. I will tell you as long as I have time . I will tell you on condition that I have time. 2.条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。【主将从现】 I will go if you go. 三、原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as , since, now (that)（既然）,considering that（考虑到）For the reason that 由于…原因，due to the fact that 由于…事实 等引导。 1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。 他没参加会议，因为他病了。 He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill. =He didn’t attend the meeting for the reason that he was ill. = The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is that he was ill. It was because he was ill that he didn't go with us. 因为他有病，他没有和我们一起去。 这是为了我的一个承诺 I'm here because I made a promise. 注意 because和because of的区别：because是连词，引导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如： The football match was put off because it rained. The football match was put off because of the rain.因为下雨，足球赛延期了。 2. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 并列连词：and,but,so,for,or... 主从连词：because... 四、让步状语从句 由though, although, as, even if/though , no matter wh-, wh-ever词，whether...or（不管...都），when, while等引导。 1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与 连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。 他很累，但是他依然坚持努力工作。 He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard. =Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard. Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working. 2. even if（尽管；即使）, even though（尽管） 这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表“即使”时有假设含义，一般用even if。 We'll make trip even if(though) the weather is bad. Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job.（虚拟） 3. as引导让步状语时，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为: ①形容词/副词/名词+ as +主 +谓 ②动词+ as +主 +情态动词 Child as he is, he knows a lot. Proud as these nobles are, they are afraid to see me. Great a scientist as he is, he remains modest. Try as I might, I couldn't lift the stone. 注意 在这种倒装结构中，也可以用though（不太常用），但不可用although. Bravely though the players fought, they had no chance of winning. 4.“no matter + wh-”引导让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句时“疑问句-ever”相当于“no matter +疑问词”，此时： no matter who = whoever 无论是谁 no matter what = whatever no matter which = whichever no matter where = wherever no matter how = however No matter what happened, he would not mind. It's a nice room no matter whom (whoever) it belongs to. 5.while引导让步状语从句时置于主句前，与though同，但though从句可到装，while从句不可倒装。 五、目的状语从句 由so that（以便）， in order that（为了）=for the purpose that，for fear that（= in case）（以免），lest（以防）引导，谓语常含may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。 They set out early so that they might arrive at the station in good time. I'll speak slowly so that you can hear me. 为了你可以听见。 He wrote the name down for fear that（lest）he would forget. ★当从句与主句主语一致时，可用to do, so as to do, in order to do结构换用。 He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. =He worked day and night in order to succeed. 六、结果状语从句 1.常用的连词有so that，so ... that, too...to...,such...that, that（带古英语痕迹）。 （结果状语从句中一般无情态动词） He had overslept so that he was late for work. ( How+adj. How beautiful the girl is! What+n. What a beautiful girl she is! ) My pen fell under my desk that I couldn't see it. 2. so/such ...that所用句式 ①so + adj（adv) + that从句 The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. ②so+adj +a/an+单名+ that从句＝such a/an+adj.+单名+that从句 She is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her. =She is such a beautiful girl that all the boys of our class like her. 一、将下列句子改为同义句 1.Mr.Jiang bought a robot so as to have more free time. Mr.Jiang bought a robot 　 　 have more free time.  2.The match was so exciting that the audience clapped. It was 　 　 that the audience clapped.  3.You will be late for school if you don’t hurry. You will be late for school　 　you hurry.  4.It is thirty years since Mr.Green left his hometown. Mr.Green 　 　 his hometown for thirty years.  5.Cycling is not as interesting as diving. Cycling is 　 　 interesting　 　diving.  二、填空题 1.—Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? —Yes. I have visited it many times 　　　 2009.  2.Students can ask for help 　　　(无论何时)they need it at school.  3.When I knew there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students, I was so excited 　　　 I went to the canteen quickly.  4.Our world will get better and better 　　　 each of us lives a greener life.  5.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  6.　　　 the dinner was all over,everyone helped wash the dishes.  7.　　　 Mike didn’t win the race,he was still wearing a smile on his face.  三、单项选择 1.He could find the way home 　　　 he was only three years old.  A.though B.because C.where D.if 2.Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands　　　you eat.  A.until B.after C.while D.before 3.It’s not always safe to pay over the Internet, 　　　 you should be careful.  A.so B.after C.because D.as soon as 4.The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, 　　　the part was a small one.  A.since B.while C.though D.unless 5.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful　　　it is closed.  A.unless B.since C.when D.though 6.My family always go somewhere interesting　　　the holiday begins.  A.as soon as B.so C.so that D.even though 7.To make your DIY work perfect, you’d better not start 　　　 you get all the tools ready.  A.when B.while C.before D.after 8.There will be less pollution　　　 more people use public transportation.  A.but B.though C.unless D.if 9.We had to wait half an hour　　　 we had already booked a table.  A.or B.once C.although D.as 10.—Mike,what were your parents doing at 8:00 last night? —My mother was reading　　　 my father was playing computer games.  A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as 11.Our business won’t improve 　　　 we offer better services to our customers.  A.because B.unless C.after D.since 12.Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own,　　　he is only four years old.  A.if B.though C.for D.since 13.You can surf the Internet　　　you want to know about the 2020 World Middle School Games.  A.until B.after C.if 14.　　　 it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes.  A.Though B.Unless C.As D.Until 15.—I wonder if our foreign teacher Mr. White 　　　 to his hometown next Tuesday.  —I’m not sure. But if he returns to his hometown, I 　　　 him off.  A.returns,see B.will return,see C.will return,will see 16.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  A.because B.though C.unless 17.Julie didn’t leave her office　　　the police arrived.  A.however B.whenever C.while D.until 18.We had to wait half an hour　　　we had already booked a table.  A.or B.once C.although D.as 19.—Does your school hold the raising of the national flag every Monday morning? —Yes,　　　it rains heavily.  A.if B.since C.because D.unless 四．根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying. But in the evenings and weekends they are free and enjoy 1 (they). Some watch television or go to the movies, others take part in sports. This is 2 (decide) by their own interests. There are many different ways to spend our free time. Almost everyone has some kind of hobby. It may be something from collecting stamps to 3 (make) model planes. Some hobbies are very expensive, but others don’t cost 4 (something) at all. Some collections (收藏) are worth a lot of money, others are valuable only to their 5 (owner). I know a man who has a coin collection worth several 6 (thousand) dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare fifty-cent piece which cost him ￥250! He was very happy about this collection and thought the price was all right. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects match boxes. He 7 (collect) almost 600 of them by now. I wonder if they are worth any money. However, to my brother, they are quite valuable. Nothing makes him 8 (happy) than to a new match box for his collection. That’s what a hobby 9 (mean), I think. It is something we like to do in our free time just for the fun of it. The value in dollars is not important, but the 10 (pleasant) it gives us. 一 Join mean during never change realize dangerous safe fight against help celebrate bad check reason return Jing Baoshan, 69, lives a quiet life in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. Jing's given name,“Baoshan”  1   “protecting the mountains" something he seems to have been doing in his life.  In 1970, the then 17-year-old   2   the army and became a soldier. After 17 years, Jing   3    to his hometown in Pinglu and worked as a forest ranger(护林员).He worked there for 25 years until he retired(退休) in2012.   4     his 25 years of service, he worked alone most of the time and met a number of   5   situations. Fighting forest fires was one of them. In 1999, after finding one fire, he called for   6   from the closest village. As more firemen made their way, Jing and five farmers were  7    the fire when the wind suddenly changed direction. Four of the farmers died. Jing and the surviving farmer were  8   injured(受伤的). He felt very sad for those farmers' deaths and he said that they were one of the  9   why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest. On Oct.1, 2019, he was invited to the ceremony   10    the 70th anniversary(周年纪念) of the founding of the People's Republic of China. He said he would   11   forget it for the rest of his life.   Now, Jing continues to   12    the forest as a volunteer at least once every two weeks. Smart positioning equipment(定位设备)plays a very important role in keeping the rangers   13   today. Jing believes the  14    reflect the country's development. More importantly, he said that people now   15    the importance of a well-protected environment. 二 Shaolin Temple is in Henan Province, China. It was founded in the 5th century. It is well-known for its Chinese martial arts(武术) and Shaolin Kung fu. Do you know where Shaolin Kungfu comes from? In the year 527, an Indian monk(和尚) named Bodhidharma(菩提达摩) went to Shaolin Temple. He found the monks there were weak so he decided to teach them Kung fu to keep their bodies strong. At the end of Sui Dynasty, some Shaolin monks helped Li Shimin win a war. In return for that, he gave a lot of land to the temple. After that, Shaolin Temple and Shaolin Kung fu became famous all over China. Not all emperors liked Kungfu. During the Qing Dynasty, the emperors stopped Shaolin monks from studying Shaolin Kung fu, so many monks had to leave the temple for different places. During that time, they saw many new kinds of Kung fu and studied them. At last, all these new ideas changed Shaolin Kung fu a lot. But until now, Shaolin Kung fu is still the largest and most famous Kung fu in China. It is said that all Kung fu comes from Shaolin and Shaolin Kung fu is the best. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When was Shaolin Temple founded? A．It was founded in the 5th century. B．It was rebuilt. C．It had the most visitors in the year 2010. D．It had its 600th birthday. 2．Why did Bodhidharma teach Shaolin monks Kung fu? A．To make them strong. B．To make Kung fu popular. C．To get money. D．To help them fight. 3．Shaolin Kungfu became famous because of ________. A．the importance of Shaolin Temple B．an Indian monk coming to Shaolin Temple C．some monks there helping Li Shimin win a war D．an emperor giving a lot of money to the temple 4．Which of the following is true? A．All emperors liked Shaolin Kungfu. B．The monks improved Shaolin Kungfu a lot after leaving the temple. C．Now Chinese people don’t like Shaolin Kung fu. D．Shaolin monks didn’t want people to know about their Kung fu. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．how to practice Shaolin Kung fu B．the history of Shaolin Kung fu C．why Li Shimin won the war D．where the name of Shaolin Kung fu came from 三 We often worry about what others will think of us because of our clothes. But researchers (研究人员) are beginning to think that our clothing has a powerful effect on how we see ourselves. Scientists Adam Galinsky and Hajo Adams report that there is science behind our style. In their research (研究), Galinsky and Adams had some participants wear white coats similar to the ones scientists or doctors wear. Other participants wore their normal clothes. In the experiment, participants saw cards with different-colored words on them. They had to say the color of the word they saw. The people wearing the white coats said the correct color more often. They thought that the white coats made the participants feel more confident and careful. Fashion blogger Jennifer Quirk believes that our clothes greatly affect how we feel about ourselves. She says that people should pay more attention to what they wear. For example, we should choose a look that makes us feel more creative and happy. One way to do this at work is to “dress up for the exciting job we want”. Another way is to wear special clothes that mean something to us. For example, Quirk wears one pair of shoes to all her important meetings. They are her “lucky” shoes. Our clothes are “like our second skin”. The clothes we wear can affect our behavior (行为). They can also tell the world something about us. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “participants” mean in Chinese? A．参与者 B．调研者 C．科研者 D．普通市民 2．Which is the right order of the research? a. Participants looked at the words each written in a different color. b. The researchers counted the correct items. c. The participants said the colors, not the words. d. The researchers gave some participants white coats to wear. A．d-e-a-b B．d-a-c-b C．b-a-e-d D．b-e-a-d 3．If your friend likes wearing white clothes, he may be ________. A．handsome and tidy B．confident and careful C．powerful and rich D．hard-working and strict 4．When does Quirk wear her “lucky” shoes? A．When she meets her good friends. B．When she has her birthday party. C．When she attends (参加) important meetings. D．When she goes shopping. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Wearing right clothes is of great importance. B．Knowing how to make clothes is necessary. C．We’d better wear white clothes often. D．We shouldn’t comment (评论) on others’ clothes. ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 第 2 页 共 20 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题10 日清十考点+状语从句精讲 1.日清十考点 2.状语从句精讲 日清十考点 考点一 consider及物动词，意为“认为；觉得”。 consider sb. /sth. (as) sth. 意为“认为某人/某物是……”。另外，consider后还可接that从句。 【拓展】consider还可意为“考虑”，相当于think about，其后可接名词、代词、动词ing形式从句或“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。 He considers himself a great man.他认为自己是一个了不起的人。 They were considered as heroes.他们被认为是英雄。 You’d better consider my suggestion.你最好考虑一下我的建议。 He has never considered how to solve the problem. 他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。 考点二 such……that……意为“如此……以至于……”。与so……that……不同的是，such是形容词，用来修饰名词。常见结构有： (1)such + a/an + adj. +可数名词单数+ that……= so + adj. + a/an+可数名词单数+ that…… He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. = He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. 他是如此聪明的男孩以至于每个人都喜欢他。 (2)such + adj. +可数名词复数+ that…… These are such difficult Maths problems that I can’t work them out.这些是如此困难的数学问题以至于我不能解决它们。 (3)such + adj. +不可数名词+ that…… This is such hard work that few people can finish it on time这是一项如此艰难的工作以至于没人可以按时完成它。 考点三 【辨析】pleasure，pleasant和pleased pleasure 可数名词 “乐事；快事” 不可数名词 “高兴；快乐”，take pleasure in (doing) sth. 意为“从(做)某事中获得乐趣”。 pleasant 形容词 “令人愉快的；宜人的；性格文雅的”，通常修饰物。 pleased 形容词 “高兴的；愉快的”，主语一般是人。be pleased with “对……感到满意” be pleased to do sth.“乐于做某事”。 考点四 expect expect sb. to do sth. expectation v.要求；指望 期望某人做某事 n.期待；预期；指望 (1)别指望我会相信你。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Lily went to college with great________(expect). (1)Don't expect me to believe you.(2)expectation 考点五 mind v.介意，作及物动词时，后面常接名词、代词、动名词、复合结构、从句等。 “Do/Would you mind＋形容词性物主代词/人称代词宾格+doing sth.？”， 意为“你介意某人做某事吗？” 介意把你的电话借我一用吗？(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ Do/Would you mind if I borrow your phone? 考点六 suppose v.(根据所知)认为 be supposed to应该 I/We suppose后的宾语从句是否定含义时，应将否定转移到主句。 (1)我是应该打扫所有的房间，还是只打扫这一间？(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) I don’t suppose he will agree.我以为他不会同意 Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one? 考点七 suggest v.建议；提议，(近) advise ；suggestion n.建议；提议a suggestion = a piece of advice suggest doing sth.建议做某事 suggest表建议时其后的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为should do或do 的形式。 (1)My friend________that I should tell my parents the truth. A. offered B. admitted C. suggested (2)It’s a________(suggest) to buy a second hand flat if you don’t have enough money. (3)I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用不同的方法做这件事。 (1)C(2) suggestion 考点八 由于一些粗心的错误，学生1数学考试不及格。 fail fail to do sth. (反) pass failure v.不及格 没能做某事 v.通过 n.失败 (1)他没能赶上第一班火车。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) Successful people often aren’t very good at dealing with________(fail). (1)He failed to catch the first train.(2)failure 考点九 1.set的相关用法 set set up set out a set of v. 设置 设立 出发 一系列，一套 (1)Our teacher set us a difficult test.我们的老师给我们出了一份很难的试卷。 (2)This theatre is set up for children.这间影剧院是为孩子们设立的。 (3)It was raining when she set out.她出发的时候正下着雨。 (4)There must be a set of laws for the whole of the country.整个国家必须有一套法律。 考点十 【辨析】because，since，as，for作“因为”的意思是的用法区别 because 回答why的提问，表示直接原因 语气由强至弱依次为because，since，as，for since “既然”，表示显然的或已知的理由 as “鉴于”，说明原因，主句说明结果 for 接句子不能放句首，表推断 (1) They hurried up because it was getting dark.他们加快了速度因为天越来越黑了。 (2)Since you can’t answer it，perhaps we’d better ask another.既然你不能回答它，或许我们应该问其他的。 (3)As I had a cold，I was absent from school.鉴于我感冒了，我没去学校。 (4)He is loved by all，for he is honest.他被所有人喜欢，回为他是诚实的。 语法精讲 在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。 状语从句有 时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、地点和方式等种类。 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner…than, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time, next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly等。 ( 第一次见到你 一见到你 直到见到你 五岁时见到你 ) ( 表示时间——时间状语从句 ) ( 我就喜欢上了你 。 ) 1.表示“一···就···”的句型 1) as soon as/once As soon as he arrives, I'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。【主将从现】 （as soon as 侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示“一旦...”） As soon as I saw you, I liked you.=I liked you as soon as I saw you . 一见到你,我就喜欢上了你。 2）the moment, the instant, the minute, the second,the first time The moment I saw him, I recognized him.我一看见他，就认出了他。 We'll leave the minute you are ready.你一准备好，我们就出发。 The first time I saw you, I liked you.第一次见到你，我就喜欢上了你。 2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句 1) when的用法 when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。 I was thin when I was a child. 当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。 It was raining when I arrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。 When I saw you at my age of five, I liked you.五岁时见到你,就喜欢上了你。 你不在的时候他非常想念你 He does miss you when you are not here. 2）while用法 while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that.... My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。 I am safe while I am here.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。 注意 while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲；并可在句首引出让步状语从句作“虽然···但”讲。 I like watching TV, while he likes reading.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。 While he has his own car, he often uses mine.尽管他自己有车，他却常用我的。 3) as的用法 ① as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。 As I left the house, I forgot the key.我离家时，忘了带钥匙。 ② as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着...”的意思，表时间的推移。如： As I get older, I get more optimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。 3. until和till 1)“延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到…为止，”译为“直到…为止”，如： I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 2)“终止性动词的否定式+ until”表示“直到···才”。 He didn't go to bed until he had finished his work. 直到完成工作他才睡觉。 Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD course.= Donald won’t leave college until he finished his PhD course. I didn’t like you until I saw you. 直到见到你，我就喜欢上你。 3)用于强调句式“It is not until ...that ...” It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。 4) not until放在句首时，主句倒装。 Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining this compound. 直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。 注意 句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till；not...until...句型中不用till。 二、条件状语从句【主将从现】 1．由if, unless（if...not）, so/as long as,in case（如果）, on condition that（条件是...） 如果我有时间，我就告诉你。 I will tell you if I have time. I won't tell you unless I have time. I will tell you as long as I have time . I will tell you on condition that I have time. 2.条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。【主将从现】 I will go if you go. 三、原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as , since, now (that)（既然）,considering that（考虑到）For the reason that 由于…原因，due to the fact that 由于…事实 等引导。 1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。 他没参加会议，因为他病了。 He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill. =He didn’t attend the meeting for the reason that he was ill. = The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is that he was ill. It was because he was ill that he didn't go with us. 因为他有病，他没有和我们一起去。 这是为了我的一个承诺 I'm here because I made a promise. 注意 because和because of的区别：because是连词，引导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如： The football match was put off because it rained. The football match was put off because of the rain.因为下雨，足球赛延期了。 2. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 并列连词：and,but,so,for,or... 主从连词：because... 四、让步状语从句 由though, although, as, even if/though , no matter wh-, wh-ever词，whether...or（不管...都），when, while等引导。 1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与 连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。 他很累，但是他依然坚持努力工作。 He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard. =Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard. Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working. 2. even if（尽管；即使）, even though（尽管） 这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表“即使”时有假设含义，一般用even if。 We'll make trip even if(though) the weather is bad. Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job.（虚拟） 3. as引导让步状语时，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为: ①形容词/副词/名词+ as +主 +谓 ②动词+ as +主 +情态动词 Child as he is, he knows a lot. Proud as these nobles are, they are afraid to see me. Great a scientist as he is, he remains modest. Try as I might, I couldn't lift the stone. 注意 在这种倒装结构中，也可以用though（不太常用），但不可用although. Bravely though the players fought, they had no chance of winning. 4.“no matter + wh-”引导让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句时“疑问句-ever”相当于“no matter +疑问词”，此时： no matter who = whoever 无论是谁 no matter what = whatever no matter which = whichever no matter where = wherever no matter how = however No matter what happened, he would not mind. It's a nice room no matter whom (whoever) it belongs to. 5.while引导让步状语从句时置于主句前，与though同，但though从句可到装，while从句不可倒装。 五、目的状语从句 由so that（以便）， in order that（为了）=for the purpose that，for fear that（= in case）（以免），lest（以防）引导，谓语常含may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。 They set out early so that they might arrive at the station in good time. I'll speak slowly so that you can hear me. 为了你可以听见。 He wrote the name down for fear that（lest）he would forget. ★当从句与主句主语一致时，可用to do, so as to do, in order to do结构换用。 He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. =He worked day and night in order to succeed. 六、结果状语从句 1.常用的连词有so that，so ... that, too...to...,such...that, that（带古英语痕迹）。 （结果状语从句中一般无情态动词） He had overslept so that he was late for work. ( How+adj. How beautiful the girl is! What+n. What a beautiful girl she is! ) My pen fell under my desk that I couldn't see it. 2. so/such ...that所用句式 ①so + adj（adv) + that从句 The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. ②so+adj +a/an+单名+ that从句＝such a/an+adj.+单名+that从句 She is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her. =She is such a beautiful girl that all the boys of our class like her. 一、将下列句子改为同义句 1.Mr.Jiang bought a robot so as to have more free time. Mr.Jiang bought a robot 　so that he could　 have more free time.  2.The match was so exciting that the audience clapped. It was 　such an exciting match　 that the audience clapped.  3.You will be late for school if you don’t hurry. You will be late for school　unless　you hurry.  4.It is thirty years since Mr.Green left his hometown. Mr.Green 　has been away from　 his hometown for thirty years.  5.Cycling is not as interesting as diving. Cycling is 　less　 interesting　than　diving.  二、填空题 1.—Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? —Yes. I have visited it many times 　　　 2009.  【答案】since 　句意:——你去过颐和园吗?——是的。自从2009年以来,我已经参观过很多次了。根据句子时态及空格后的过去的时间点可知,应用since。 2.Students can ask for help 　　　(无论何时)they need it at school.  【答案】whenever　句意:在学校里,无论何时需要帮助,学生们都能寻求帮助。本题考查时间状语从句的引导词。 3.When I knew there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students, I was so excited 　　　 I went to the canteen quickly.  【答案】that　句意:当我知道为迎接新同学有一顿免费的火锅时,我感到很兴奋,马上就到了餐厅。so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,引导状语从句。 4.Our world will get better and better 　　　 each of us lives a greener life.  【答案】if　句意:如果我们每个人都过更环保的生活,我们的世界将会变得越来越好。 本题考查连词。根据句意可知该用if引导条件状语从句。 5.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  【答案】because　句意:我真的为我的小组感到自豪,因为我们总是一起讨论和分享学习的诀窍。小组讨论是多么重要啊!本题考查连词。根据句意可知答案。 6.　　　 the dinner was all over,everyone helped wash the dishes.  【答案】When　句意:当晚饭完全结束以后,每个人都帮忙洗餐具。本题考查连词。when在……以后,根据句意和语境可知答案。 7.　　　 Mike didn’t win the race,he was still wearing a smile on his face.  【答案】Although　句意:尽管Mike没有赢得这场比赛,但他的脸上仍然带着笑容。本题考查连词。根据句意可知设空处表让步,所以答案为Although。 三、单项选择 1.He could find the way home 　　　 he was only three years old.  A.though B.because C.where D.if 【答案】A　句意:尽管他只有三岁,但是他可以找到回家的路。本题考查连词的用法。A:尽管;B:因为;C:……的地方;D:如果。由句意可知选A。 2.Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands　　　you eat.  A.until B.after C.while D.before 【答案】D　句意:鲍勃,晚饭准备好了。吃饭前请洗手。本题考查连词。A选项意为“直到……为止”;B选项意为“在……之后”;C选项意为“当……的时候;在……期间”;D选项意为“在……之前”。由句意可知本题选择D。 3.It’s not always safe to pay over the Internet, 　　　 you should be careful.  A.so B.after C.because D.as soon as 【答案】A　句意:网上支付并不总是安全的,所以你应该小心。本题考查连词的用法。A项意为“因此,所以”,B项意为“在……之后”,C项意为“因为”,D项意为“一……就……”。故用so“因此”符合句意。 4.The actor was happy he got a part in a movie, 　　　the part was a small one.  A.since B.while C.though D.unless 【答案】C　句意:这名演员很高兴他在一部电影里饰演了一个角色,尽管是一个小角色。本题考查连词的用法。since自从;while当……时候;though尽管;unless除非。根据语境可知此处引导让步状语从句,故选C项。 5.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful　　　it is closed.  A.unless B.since C.when D.though 【答案】C　句意:愚蠢的男人告诉女人闭嘴,而聪明的男人会告诉她,在她闭着嘴的时候,她的嘴相当漂亮。本题考查连词的用法。unless除非;since既然,自从;when当……的时候;though虽然。根据句意可知,when最合适。 6.My family always go somewhere interesting　　　the holiday begins.  A.as soon as B.so C.so that D.even though 【答案】A　句意:假期一开始,我的家人总是去某个有趣的地方。as soon as 一……就;so 因此;so that以便;even though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知选择A项。 7.To make your DIY work perfect, you’d better not start 　　　 you get all the tools ready.  A.when B.while C.before D.after 【答案】C　句意:为了使你的DIY作品完美点,你最好在你准备好所有工具前不要开始做。本题考查状语从句的引导词。四个备选项都能引导时间状语从句。when当……时;while当……时(从句中需用延续性动词);before在……前;after在……之后。根据句意选C项。 8.There will be less pollution　　　 more people use public transportation.  A.but B.though C.unless D.if 【答案】D　句意:如果更多的人使用公共交通运输系统,将会有更少的污染。本题考查连词的用法。but但是;though尽管;unless除非;if如果。根据句意和关键词less,可知选择D项。 9.We had to wait half an hour　　　 we had already booked a table.  A.or B.once C.although D.as 【答案】C　句意:虽然我们已经预订了桌位,但还是不得不等了半个小时。本题考查连词的用法。or或者;once一旦;although虽然;as当……时候。although表示让步关系,符合句意。故选C项。 10.—Mike,what were your parents doing at 8:00 last night? —My mother was reading　　　 my father was playing computer games.  A.while B.when C.unless D.as long as 【答案】A　句意:——Mike,你父母昨天晚上8点在做什么?——我的妈妈在读书,而我的爸爸在玩电脑游戏。本题考查连词。while可以表示两件事情同时发生,前后两句话均为过去进行时,由此可知答案为A。 11.Our business won’t improve 　　　 we offer better services to our customers.  A.because B.unless C.after D.since 【答案】　B　 【解析】句意:我们的生意不会改善,除非我们给顾客提供更好的服务。本题考查状语从句。A选项意思为“因为”;B选项意思为“除非”;C选项意思为“在……之后”;D选项意思为“自从……以来”。生意的改善是以提供更好的服务为前提条件的,故用unless,表示条件,引导条件状语从句。 12.Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own,　　　he is only four years old.  A.if B.though C.for D.since 【答案】　B　 【解析】句意:小杰克已经自己学会了做许多东西,虽然他只有四岁。本题考查状语从句。if如果;though尽管;for因为;since自从……以来。根据题意可知,此处表让步,故选B。 13.You can surf the Internet　　　you want to know about the 2020 World Middle School Games.  A.until B.after C.if 【答案】　C　 【解析】句意:如果你想了解关于2020年世界中学生运动会,你可以上网搜索。本题考查状语从句。until“直到……为止”,after“在……之后”,if“如果”。根据句意可知,应选C。 14.　　　 it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes.  A.Though B.Unless C.As D.Until 【答案】　C　 【解析】句意:由于山里的天气经常很冷,因此你需要穿保暖的衣服。本题考查从属连词的用法。though虽然,引导让步状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;as由于,引导原因状语从句;until直到,引导时间状语从句。根据题意可知,本题答案为C。 15.—I wonder if our foreign teacher Mr. White 　　　 to his hometown next Tuesday.  —I’m not sure. But if he returns to his hometown, I 　　　 him off.  A.returns,see B.will return,see C.will return,will see 【答案】　C　 【解析】句意:——我想知道我们的外教怀特先生下周二是否会回他的家乡。——我不确定。但是如果他回他的家乡,我会去送他。本题考查动词的时态。第一句话中的if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,故根据时间状语next Tuesday可知本空用一般将来时,故第一个空用will return。最后一句中的if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,故第二个空用will see。故本题选择C。 16.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  A.because B.though C.unless 【答案】　A　 【解析】句意:我真的为我的小组感到自豪,因为我们总是一起讨论和分享学习的诀窍。小组学习是多么重要啊!本题考查连词。because因为;though尽管;unless除非。根据句意可知答案为A项。 17.Julie didn’t leave her office　　　the police arrived.  A.however B.whenever C.while D.until 【答案】　D　 【解析】句意:直到警察到了朱莉才离开她的办公室。not...until...意为“直到……才……”,符合题意,故选D。 18.We had to wait half an hour　　　we had already booked a table.  A.or B.once C.although D.as 【答案】　C　 【解析】句意:虽然我们已经预订了桌位,但还是不得不等了半个小时。本题考查连词的用法。or或者;once一旦;although虽然;as当……时候。although表示让步关系,符合句意。故选C项。 19.—Does your school hold the raising of the national flag every Monday morning? —Yes,　　　it rains heavily.  A.if B.since C.because D.unless 【答案】　D　 【解析】句意:——你们学校每周一早晨都举行升国旗仪式吗?——是的,除非下大雨。考查连词。if如果;since自从;because因为;unless除非。由句意可知选D。 四．根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying. But in the evenings and weekends they are free and enjoy 1 (they). Some watch television or go to the movies, others take part in sports. This is 2 (decide) by their own interests. There are many different ways to spend our free time. Almost everyone has some kind of hobby. It may be something from collecting stamps to 3 (make) model planes. Some hobbies are very expensive, but others don’t cost 4 (something) at all. Some collections (收藏) are worth a lot of money, others are valuable only to their 5 (owner). I know a man who has a coin collection worth several 6 (thousand) dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare fifty-cent piece which cost him ￥250! He was very happy about this collection and thought the price was all right. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects match boxes. He 7 (collect) almost 600 of them by now. I wonder if they are worth any money. However, to my brother, they are quite valuable. Nothing makes him 8 (happy) than to a new match box for his collection. That’s what a hobby 9 (mean), I think. It is something we like to do in our free time just for the fun of it. The value in dollars is not important, but the 10 (pleasant) it gives us. 【答案】1．themselves 2．decided 3．making 4．anything 5．owners 6．thousand 7．has collected 8．happier 9．means 10．pleasure 【导语】本文主要通过几个事例给我们讲述了个人爱好对于我们生活的意义：有的爱好要花费金钱，有的不费分文，无论怎样，爱好无关金钱，是我们闲暇时间的乐趣所在，也是它的意义所在。 1．句意：但在晚上和周末，他们都有空并玩得很开心。根据句意和所给词汇可知，此处考查“enjoy oneself”“玩得开心”，“they”主格应改为反身代词“themselves”。故填themselves。 2．句意：这是由他们自己的兴趣决定的。根据句意和所给词汇可知，主语“This”和动词“decide”构成被动关系，应用被动语态be done，“decide”“决定”的过去分词是“decided”。故填decided。 3．句意：它可能是收集邮票，也可以是制作模型。根据“from collecting stamps to... (make) model planes”和所给词汇可知，to为介词，空处应填动名词。故填making。 4．句意：一些爱好很贵，但另一些不花费分毫。根据句意和所给词汇可知，句子是否定句，“something”“一些”应该为“anything”。故填anything。 5．句意：一些收藏品值很多钱，另一些收藏品仅对主人来说是珍贵的。根据“their...(owner)”和所给词汇可知，空处应填名词复数。故填owners。 6．句意：我认识一个收集硬币的男人，他的收藏值几千美元。根据空前“several”和所给词汇可知，此处表示“几千”，“thousand”“千”应用原形。故填thousand。 7．句意：到现在为止他已经收集了大约600枚硬币。根据“by now”和所给词汇可知，本句应使用现在完成时have/has done，主语“He”是第三人称单数，应用has，“collect”“收集”的过去分词是“collected”。故填has collected。 8．句意：没有什么能比收藏到一个新的火柴盒更令他开心的事情了。根据“than”和所给词汇可知，空处应填形容词比较级。故填happier。 9．句意：我认为这就是爱好的意义。根据句意和所给词汇可知，本句应用一般现在时，主语“a hobby”是第三人称单数，“mean”“意味着”应使用单数。故填means。 10．句意：值多少美元并不重要，重要的是它能给我们带来的快乐。根据“the”和所给词汇可知，空处应填名词，“pleasant”“愉快的”名词是“pleasure”。故填pleasure。 一 Join mean during never change realize dangerous safe fight against help celebrate bad check reason return Jing Baoshan, 69, lives a quiet life in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. Jing's given name,“Baoshan”  1   “protecting the mountains" something he seems to have been doing in his life.  In 1970, the then 17-year-old   2   the army and became a soldier. After 17 years, Jing   3    to his hometown in Pinglu and worked as a forest ranger(护林员).He worked there for 25 years until he retired(退休) in2012.   4     his 25 years of service, he worked alone most of the time and met a number of   5   situations. Fighting forest fires was one of them. In 1999, after finding one fire, he called for   6   from the closest village. As more firemen made their way, Jing and five farmers were  7    the fire when the wind suddenly changed direction. Four of the farmers died. Jing and the surviving farmer were  8   injured(受伤的). He felt very sad for those farmers' deaths and he said that they were one of the  9   why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest. On Oct.1, 2019, he was invited to the ceremony   10    the 70th anniversary(周年纪念) of the founding of the People's Republic of China. He said he would   11   forget it for the rest of his life.   Now, Jing continues to   12    the forest as a volunteer at least once every two weeks. Smart positioning equipment(定位设备)plays a very important role in keeping the rangers   13   today. Jing believes the  14    reflect the country's development. More importantly, he said that people now   15    the importance of a well-protected environment. 长难句分析 原句：（第三段最后一句）He felt very sad for those farmers' deaths and he said that they were one of the reasons why he decided to put the res of his life into protecting the forest. 译文：他为那些农民的死感到非常难过，他说这是他决定将余生用来保护森林的原因之一。 分析：这是一个并列复合句。that they were one of the reasons...protecting the forest是that引导的宾语从句，作said的宾语；在该宾语从句中,why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest是why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。 译文 69岁的荆保山在山西省平陆县过着平静的生活。荆保山的名字“保山”的意思是“保护大山”，这似乎是他一生中一直在做的事情。 1970年，时年17岁的他参军成了一名军人。17年后，荆保山回到了他在平陆的家乡，担任护林员。他在那里工作了25年，直到2012年退休。在25年的供职期间里，他大多数时候都是独自工作。他遇到过许多危险情况，抗击森林火灾就是其中之一。 1999年，在发现一处火点后，他向最近的村庄求援。大批消防员还在赶来的路上，荆保山和五位农民正在灭火，这时，风突然改变了方向。四名农民牺牲了，荆保山和一位幸存的农民也受了重伤。他对这些农民的牺牲感到非常难过。他说，他决定将自己的余生投入到森林保护中的原因之一，正是这些牺牲的人。 2019年10月1日，他应邀参加庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的典礼。他说，他这辈子都不会忘记这次经历。 现在，荆保山作为志愿者，继续至少每两周巡查一次森林。如今，智能定位设备在保证护林员安全方面发挥着非常重要的作用。荆保山认为，这些变化反映出国家的发展。他说，更重要的是，人们现在意识到了保护好环境的重要性。 答案详析 1.mean 根据汉语拼音“Baoshan”和空后的protecting the mountains 可推知，此处是在解释荆保山名字的含义。mean“表示·····的意思”。 2.joined 根据空后的“the army and became a soldier"可知.此处表示“参军”，故填joined。 3.returned 根据空后的“to his hometown in Pinglu”可知，此处指他17年后返回他的家乡。 4.during 根据空后的“his 25 years of service”可知，此处指在25年的工作中。during符合语境。 5.dangerous根据空后的“Fighting forest fires was one of them.”可知.扑灭森林大火是其情况之一。结合常识可知，森林大火是很危险的情况，故可推知，此处指他会遇到许多危险的情况。 6.help 根据下文的描述可知，此处指向最近的村庄求助。 7. fighting against 根据上文的描述可知，他在1999年发现一处火情，此处指他们正在与大火对抗。 8. badly根据空前的“Four of the farmers died.”可知，这场森林大火造成了惨重的伤亡，再结合语境可知，此处指荆保山和另一位幸存的农民受伤严重。 9. reasons 根据空后的“why he decided to put the rest of his life into protecting the forest”可知，此处指的是他决定将余生投入到保护森林的事业中的原因，why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。 10. celebrating 根据空后的“the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China”可知，此处指庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年。 11. never根据上文可知，荆保山受邀参加庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的典礼，这个经历他永远不会忘记。never符合语境。 12. check根据上文并结合常识可知，护林员的工作是巡逻林场保护森林，此处指他继续检查森林(火灾等情况)。 13. safe 根据空前的 Smart positioning equipment并结合常识可知，定位设备可以快速定位护林员的位置，保证护林员的安全。 14. changes根据空前的“Smart positioning equipment plays a very important role"并结合全文可知，之前并没有这样的设备，与之前相比，这些变化反映了社会的发展。 15. realize 根据空后的“the importance of a well- protected environment"可推知，此处指人们现在意识到保护好环境的重要性。 二 Shaolin Temple is in Henan Province, China. It was founded in the 5th century. It is well-known for its Chinese martial arts(武术) and Shaolin Kung fu. Do you know where Shaolin Kungfu comes from? In the year 527, an Indian monk(和尚) named Bodhidharma(菩提达摩) went to Shaolin Temple. He found the monks there were weak so he decided to teach them Kung fu to keep their bodies strong. At the end of Sui Dynasty, some Shaolin monks helped Li Shimin win a war. In return for that, he gave a lot of land to the temple. After that, Shaolin Temple and Shaolin Kung fu became famous all over China. Not all emperors liked Kungfu. During the Qing Dynasty, the emperors stopped Shaolin monks from studying Shaolin Kung fu, so many monks had to leave the temple for different places. During that time, they saw many new kinds of Kung fu and studied them. At last, all these new ideas changed Shaolin Kung fu a lot. But until now, Shaolin Kung fu is still the largest and most famous Kung fu in China. It is said that all Kung fu comes from Shaolin and Shaolin Kung fu is the best. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When was Shaolin Temple founded? A．It was founded in the 5th century. B．It was rebuilt. C．It had the most visitors in the year 2010. D．It had its 600th birthday. 2．Why did Bodhidharma teach Shaolin monks Kung fu? A．To make them strong. B．To make Kung fu popular. C．To get money. D．To help them fight. 3．Shaolin Kungfu became famous because of ________. A．the importance of Shaolin Temple B．an Indian monk coming to Shaolin Temple C．some monks there helping Li Shimin win a war D．an emperor giving a lot of money to the temple 4．Which of the following is true? A．All emperors liked Shaolin Kungfu. B．The monks improved Shaolin Kungfu a lot after leaving the temple. C．Now Chinese people don’t like Shaolin Kung fu. D．Shaolin monks didn’t want people to know about their Kung fu. 5．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．how to practice Shaolin Kung fu B．the history of Shaolin Kung fu C．why Li Shimin won the war D．where the name of Shaolin Kung fu came from 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国少林功夫的历史。 1．细节理解题。根据“Shaolin Temple is in Henan Province, China. It was founded in the 5th century.”可知少林寺创建于5世纪。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He found the monks there were weak so he decided to teach them kung fu to keep their bodies strong.”可知和尚们很虚弱，为了让他们的身体强壮，因此菩提达摩教他们功夫。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“At the end of Sui Dynasty, some Shaolin monks helped Li Shimin win a war. In return for that, he gave a lot of land to the temple. After that, the Shaolin Temple and Shaolin kung fu became famous all over China.”可知少林和尚们帮助李世民打了胜仗，李世民为了回报他们，向寺庙提供了很多帮助，之后少林功夫就很出名。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“During the Qing Dynasty, the emperors stopped Shaolin monks from studying Shaolin kung fu, so many monks had to leave the temple for different places. During that time, they saw many new kinds of kung fu and studied them. At last all these new ideas changed Shaolin kung fu a lot.”可知并不是所有的皇帝都喜欢功夫，在秦朝，皇帝阻止僧人学习功夫，僧人们不得不离开寺庙到其他的地方，在那期间他们看到不同种类的功夫并且学习它们，以此改进少林功夫。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“It is well-known for its Chinese martial arts(武术) and Shaolin kung fu.”并结合全文可知本文介绍了少林功夫的历史。故选B。 三 We often worry about what others will think of us because of our clothes. But researchers (研究人员) are beginning to think that our clothing has a powerful effect on how we see ourselves. Scientists Adam Galinsky and Hajo Adams report that there is science behind our style. In their research (研究), Galinsky and Adams had some participants wear white coats similar to the ones scientists or doctors wear. Other participants wore their normal clothes. In the experiment, participants saw cards with different-colored words on them. They had to say the color of the word they saw. The people wearing the white coats said the correct color more often. They thought that the white coats made the participants feel more confident and careful. Fashion blogger Jennifer Quirk believes that our clothes greatly affect how we feel about ourselves. She says that people should pay more attention to what they wear. For example, we should choose a look that makes us feel more creative and happy. One way to do this at work is to “dress up for the exciting job we want”. Another way is to wear special clothes that mean something to us. For example, Quirk wears one pair of shoes to all her important meetings. They are her “lucky” shoes. Our clothes are “like our second skin”. The clothes we wear can affect our behavior (行为). They can also tell the world something about us. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “participants” mean in Chinese? A．参与者 B．调研者 C．科研者 D．普通市民 2．Which is the right order of the research? a. Participants looked at the words each written in a different color. b. The researchers counted the correct items. c. The participants said the colors, not the words. d. The researchers gave some participants white coats to wear. A．d-e-a-b B．d-a-c-b C．b-a-e-d D．b-e-a-d 3．If your friend likes wearing white clothes, he may be ________. A．handsome and tidy B．confident and careful C．powerful and rich D．hard-working and strict 4．When does Quirk wear her “lucky” shoes? A．When she meets her good friends. B．When she has her birthday party. C．When she attends (参加) important meetings. D．When she goes shopping. 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Wearing right clothes is of great importance. B．Knowing how to make clothes is necessary. C．We’d better wear white clothes often. D．We shouldn’t comment (评论) on others’ clothes. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们的穿着影响他们的行为。 1．词义猜测题。根据“In their research (研究), Galinsky and Adams had some participants wear white coats similar to the ones scientists or doctors wear.”可知，在他们的研究中，加林斯基和亚当斯让一些参与者穿上类似于科学家或医生穿的白大褂。因此划线单词意思是“参与者”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“In their research (研究), Galinsky and Adams had some participants wear white coats similar to the ones scientists or doctors wear. Other participants wore their normal clothes. In the experiment, participants saw cards with different-colored words on them. They had to say the color of the word they saw. The people wearing the white coats said the correct color more often.”可知，在他们的研究中，加林斯基和亚当斯让一些参与者穿类似科学家或医生穿的白大褂。在实验中，参与者看到卡片上有不同颜色的单词。他们必须说出他们看到的单词的颜色，穿白大褂的人更常说正确的颜色，可知正确的顺序是d→a→c→b。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“They thought that the white coats made the participants feel more confident and careful.”可知，喜欢白色衣服的人可能更加自信和细心。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, Quirk wears one pair of shoes to all her important meetings. They are her ‘lucky’ shoes.”可知，夸克参加重要会议时穿着“幸运”鞋。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But researchers (研究人员) are beginning to think that our clothing has a powerful effect on how we see ourselves.”可知，本文主要讲了穿合适的衣服非堂重要。故选A。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 第 2 页 共 20 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$