Unit 5 The Value of Money Modal verbs & The past future tense语法课件 2023-2024学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

UNIT 5　 THE VALUE OF MONEY Modal verbs & The past future tense 1. Oliver believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London. 2. Young man，would you step inside a moment，please? 3. May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are? 4. Well，you mustn’t worry about that. 5. Well，it may seem lucky to you but not to me! 观察下列例句，观察情态动词在句中表示的含义。 Lead-in 能力 请求 许可 禁止 可能性 (一) can/could 1．表示能力，其过去式为could。 ①She can speak English. 她会说英语。 ②The young man can’t move the big stone. 这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。 ③He could speak Japanese when he was young, but he has forgotten most of it now. 他年轻时会说日语，不过现在已经忘得差不多了。 【温馨提示】can和 be able to在用法上的区别: can只有现在式和过去式could,而be able to有更多的时态变化。 情态动词 3 (2) can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to表示经过一 段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或 succeed in doing。 ①This time I failed in the exam, but I'll be able to pass the exam next time. 这次考试我不及格，但下次考试我能及格。(经过努力) ②The ship was able to get to Antarctica in spite of the bad weather. (相当于managed to) 尽管天气恶劣，船还是设法到达南极洲了。 2．表示请求或许可。 当请求允许做某事时，两者均可用，但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时，一般要用can，而不用could。 ① -Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning? -Yes, you can./No，I’m afraid not. -我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗？ -是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。 ② You can go with them if you like. 如果你愿意的话，可以和他们一起去。 can/could与be able to的区别 1. The man can/could speak two foreign languages. 2. Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. can/could表示_________________，而be able to通常表示通过努力达成的_____________; can/could 主要是一般现在、一般过去时, 而be able to有较为丰富的时态变化。 习惯性具备的能力 一次性的能力 may & might 1. 表示请求或允许，译为“可以”。might语气较委婉 (但并非表示过去)。 I wonder if I might ask you a favor? You may tell him this. 2. 表示推测, 译为“可能”。might比may所表示的可能性更小。 That may/might not be true. 3. may/might well (很可能); may/might as well (不妨，还是...为好); You may well be right. 你很可能是对的。 It’s freezing cold outside. We may as well stay at home. 4. may放在句首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you! shall & should & ought to shall shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示，“…好吗？要不要…？” Shall I open the window for you? Shall he fetch some water for you? shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告、威胁。 You shall do as I say. Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. He shall be punished. shall & should & ought to Should/Ought to 1. 表示义务或责任, 译为为“应该”。 We should/ought to learn from each other. 2. 表示建议或劝告，译为为“可以，应该”。 You should/ought to try your best to better your performance. 3. 表示推断, 译为”应该”, “可能”, “按道理会”。 They should/ought to be there by now. 4. should表示意外或惊讶，译为“竟然”。 It's strange that he should come so late. must & have to Must 1. must表示“必须”(侧重于主观意愿); mustn’t表示“禁止”。 Must I do my homework now? You mustn't smoke here. 2. must表示推测，译为“准是，一定是”(只用于肯定句)。若用于否定句或疑问句，则用can’t (一定不是)。 That can't be the only way. There must be other ways of solving the problem. Have to “必须，不得不”，表示客观需要。而must表示说话人的主观看法。 I don’t have to get up early. I had to get up early. 3. will 和 would VS used to Ask, if you will, who the owner is. My friend asked if I would go with him. Will/Would you please have a coffee for me? This kind of clothes won’t wash easily. That’s just like her—she would lose her bag in the bus! 意愿 过去的意愿 请求 习惯 would比will客气委婉 I will tell you something important tomorrow. Will you marry me? （助动词）  （情态动词） 11 would ：“总是，总要”，过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 used to： “过去常常”，现在已没有这种习惯 ※ used to 可与状态动词连用, would不可以 e.g. He used to be a quiet boy. (　　) He would be a quiet boy. (　　 ) √ × would used to 1. 在一、三人称的疑问句中, shall用来询问对方的意愿。 Shall we begin our lesson? 2. 用于二、三人称的陈述句中, 表说话人命令、警告、允诺等口吻。 He shall have the book when I finish reading. 4. shall 和 should VS ought to VS had better You should be polite to your teachers. 3. should表示劝告、建议、命令，用于各种人称。 4. should表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，意为“居然，竟然”。 Amazing! You should wear slippers at work. 1.You should have asked for some help. 2. You shouldn’t have told her the news. 表示推测 should have done 表示本该做某事（而实际上未做） shouldn't have done 表示本不该做某事（而实际上做了） must: 肯定句表有把握的推测:“一定”。 2)must: 推测现在或正发生的事情：must be doing， 　 eg: 他现在肯定呆在那里。 He must be staying there. 3) must 推测已经发生的事：must have done I didn't hear the phone. I _______________________ (我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。) must have been asleep 如何表示否定的猜测？ can’t eg: She can’t have left school, for her bike is still here. 5. must 注意：must用于一般疑问句中, 肯定: must 否定:  needn’t/don’t have to（不必）， mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”  — Must I finish all assignments at a time?   —Yes, you______. No, you ______________________ . must needn't / don’t have to Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY 过去将来时 观察下列句子，探究标红部分的用法。 1. Our sports meeting will be put off if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨的话，我们的运动会就要被推迟。 2. I am afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们比赛会输。 3. I didn't know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。 4. We were going to go to the cinena when the phonerang. 我们正准备去电影院，这时电话响了。 第1、2句为______________(时态)，第3、4句为_______________(时态)。 Lead-in 一般将来时　 过去将来时　 一、定义： 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。 二、基本结构 1. would＋动词原形：表示过去的打算或在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。 ① She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。 ② I rang up to tell my father that I should leave for London.我打电话告诉我父亲我要去伦敦。 过去将来时 2．was/were going to＋动词原形：表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作，常用于口语中，表示预言、意图或者打算等。 ① He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。 ②-Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? -I was going to, but I had an unexpected visitor. -爱丽丝，你昨天为什么没来呀？ -我打算去的，但我家来了个不速之客。 1. I asked him if Peter would arrive the next day. 2. She told me she was going to post the parcel. 3. We were about to go there when it begin to rain. 4. She didn't say when she was coming again next time. 5. I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time. 6. We were to have been married last year. 1. would/should+动词原形 2. was/were going to+动词原形 *与would+动词原形相比，was/were going to+动词原形有打算、计划的含义。 3. was/were about to + 动词原形 4. go, come, leave, start, meet等动词的过去进行时，表示就过去的某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。 5. was/were to do; 表示曾经计划做某事，并且从现在看已经实现。 当表示“原计划做某事但是最终未发生”，用was/were to have done. Complete the following sentences that describe the future using either form of the given verbs. 1. Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He __________ ___________________ (watch) with his girlfriend on the weekend. 2. I was so surprised at the news that David ___________________________ (play) the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy. 3. Lily decided that she ___________________________ (settle) in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress. 4. Hey, Timmy. I ________________ (call) you. But now that you are here, I don't have to. 5. The competition was so close that no one was sure who ________________ (win)the Best Actor award 6. Jim is not here right now. He said he ______________________ (be) on duty at the library this afternoon. would watch / was going to watch would play / was going to watch would settle / was going to settle Practice was going to call would win would be / was going to be Homework Finish the exercises about the modal verbs and the past future tense（固学案《课时评价作业15》）. THANKS 感谢观看 $$